[
    {
        "id": 217017,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-002 - Sir Henry Pottinger - 1843",
        "page_number": 225,
        "title": "CO129-002 - Sir Henry Pottinger - 1843",
        "content_text": "Whether the distinct appointment of a dest of the Conncils will at \n\ntiny future time he \n\nRecessary I do not \n\nundertake to determine For the present, this function is to be assigned to the Anditor, Whose appropriate duties con \n\nQuedly fail to leave him. depuste lesson for the discharge ofit for some time to \n\ncome \n\nSeven - The adminiti of lands wads & public wocks, will be committed to there persons - Of these The first with hear the \n\ntitle of Surveyor General \n\nCollectors \n\nAlong the head of the, Whole Department, he will have more exfecially \n\nWhatever relates \n\nin cha \n\nchase \n\nto the whenation & lettlemen \n\nof the lands of the Crown \n\nI the collection & weekpt of all monger \n\ngether Bung \n\nThe second member of the Office is descrched as Cleck of the Wachs & Civil Engine, to indicate that his more peculiar province is the \n\nthat \n\nof superintending the execution & maintenanc \n\nof roads buildings & other Jublic works - The third. \n\nlofficer in this heanch of the public service \n\nwith her a checke \n",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-002 - Sir Henry Pottinger - 1843.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 218274,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-005 - Sir Henry Pottinger - 1844",
        "page_number": 147,
        "title": "CO129-005 - Sir Henry Pottinger - 1844",
        "content_text": "Enclosure N&N ° B \n\nbar \n\nDetailed · Account Disbursements of the Sand Department from June 1841 to January 1544 \n\nMilitary & Naval \n\nRECEIVED \n\nMAY \n\n(During whose \n\nLuperintendench \n\nT \n\nCaptTM Cotton \n\n(hemolition of Construction ช \n\nForts \n\nAowbeing's Peninsula - Temporary Barracks - \n\ndo \n\nWorks \n\nbsi \n\nNorth Wangtong- \n\nCapt. My lime \n\ndo \n\nStore Houses for Commissariat ___ \n\nExpenses on account Barrack Department - \n\non \n\nHowlungs Peninsula -- \n\nDemolition of Forts Part construction of Fort on Construction of Banachs \n\ndo \n\ndo \n\ndo \n\n\" \n\nde Temporary \n\ndo \n\ndo \n\ndo \n\nPart erection of Batteries- \n\nor \n\nHillett's Island- \n\nCantonment Still_ \n\nAbest Point \n\nGovernment Still- Check chu \n\nH48 63 \n\nShack pe \n\nLlan \n\ngr so \n\nCarried Over $ 22107 60-",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-005 - Sir Henry Pottinger - 1844.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 218276,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-005 - Sir Henry Pottinger - 1844",
        "page_number": 149,
        "title": "CO129-005 - Sir Henry Pottinger - 1844",
        "content_text": "Brought formere \n\nCapt? Guglins \n\nCasual Expenses of Land Reportment: Geernment Market. \n\nکے کی \n\nIn Reynolds \n\nCorshaction of Rords Bridges & Oraind \n\ntralling in the Magistracy pounds \n\n- porints building additions to Gaol, Police Stations to Construction of Guard House in rear of \n\nof Govenment House. Ste prins to Residence of Superintendente Clercks. \n\nHarbour Master's Landing Place - \n\ndo \n\nFailing \n\nin trater Tanks. \n\nCasual Expenses of Lane Department.. \n\nMr Farrant, Construction of Roads Bridges & Frame- \n\nв \n\nPrison of bells - \n\nde OutOffices & repans at Government Stoush \n\ndo \n\nHarbour Master's residence \n\nGaonal Expenses of Land (Department. \n\n3 dr \n\nمدت \n\nMr Gordin \n\nBrought fouer \n\nConstruction & Repairs of Lucens Road \n\n1098/21 \n\ndo \n\nBridle paths between Victoria Fowke. \n\nonird \n\nSyuan - \n\nوسلم سے محبت \n\nره ای \n\nPrepairs Bridges aut Frauss an \n\nQueen's Road - \n\nWidening & repairing Road between Vistoria \n\nMischung, Sextam, & Check chu \n\nMaking Carriage Road to Government House -- Construction repairs and cleansing Draonstrasions \n\nimprovement ordered by Committee \n\nof Health..... Purchase of Steel & Repairs to Road Fool's \n\nConstruction of Simpsorary Residence for \n\nColl Malcolin. \n\nbutting ground about Government Hosie \n\nFlag Statpre \n\nConstruction & Repairs to Out \n\nOffices Government House \n\nر میم مجھے \n\nدنیا شد شرکت \n\nGi87 Get \n\nک کر کے را کشت \n\naf \n\nCarried forvare \n\n$4782 29 66140:41 \n\nPurchase \n\nJ \n\nMarble Slabs... \n\nی دانشگاه \n\nCarritt forward \n\nS \n",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-005 - Sir Henry Pottinger - 1844.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 218594,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-005 - Sir Henry Pottinger - 1844",
        "page_number": 467,
        "title": "CO129-005 - Sir Henry Pottinger - 1844",
        "content_text": "Land Department \n\nContingent Expenses during the month \n\nof August 1843 viz. \n\nPaid for Construction \n\nof \n\nRoads \n\nvide voucher W1 - 450.- \n\nfor Construction of Treasury and \n\nSpeard Roem. vide voucher N. 2, 1753... for works ordered by the Committe \n\nof Health \n\nVide Voucher No.3 \n\nfor fitting up Chinese beretary's \n\noffice \n\n150. \n\nvide voucher N4 500. \n\nSixpenses of the Survey \n\nvide voucher Nes 60.- \n\nExpenses incurred on account of \n\nthe Military Department - \n\nEuction \n\nf \n\nbutting \n\nMat Barrack ye \n\ndown a \n\nvide voucher Web 470. \n\nWedge of Land \n\nat Check chu vide voucher Nezy 170. \n\nSanding Tember, & Ketting up Timber \n\nRepairs to Commissarut \n\nStores, and Office of Royal \n\nYard \n\nSengineers \n\nvide voucher nos 1123.68 \n\nforward 4b7bb2",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-005 - Sir Henry Pottinger - 1844.txt",
        "external_url": "",
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    },
    {
        "id": 218648,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-005 - Sir Henry Pottinger - 1844",
        "page_number": 521,
        "title": "CO129-005 - Sir Henry Pottinger - 1844",
        "content_text": ": \n\nMaking \n\ndollars and \n\nA \n\ntotal \n\nSeventy and four \n\nof eleven thousand six hundred and bounty, fifty cents, at the exchange of four shillings pence per dollar Two thousand five hundred and thirty pounds el \n\npenny Sterling \n\nPhillings \n\nand one \n\n30th \n\n1844.3 \n\n#1679.5064/4 £2530,1.1 \n\nکرد برد در گرد بر گرده کار او کو یاد کر \n\nSand Department, Amount of Advances on \n\nContracts \n\non \n\nunfinished Military \n\n30 September 1343 . \n\nWe 18 Omoon works in \n\nCommissarial \n\nA New \n\njourd \n\nthe \n\nrange of Godtowns 7 - 10,000 \n\n17 watt \n\nOmcen - Sex walk in frent the Government Reporty \n\nof \n\nOn the North Beach Ye Jo 12 per \n\n20. Amoon New Barracks in front \n\nthe lines \n\nf \n\nAmoon – Cuction 7 \n\nthe itrsenal \n\nthe 41. I h$ 13,500 \n\nP \n\nworks in \n\n$500 \n\n.ཀྭ \n\n22 - Alaké & Muck. Ériction of officers \n\nQuarters and Mess House: \n\nab Check chu \n\n23 Achus & Mckung, Exction of \n\n2.4 \n\na barrack at Check chee \n\n14.000 \n\n7,500 \n\nKumsing - Field officers and \n\nCaptain's Quarters at Check chu 3,700 \n\nAssing \n\nAlterations in \n\nOrdnance Barracks and \n\naddition in \n\nAngineer Jard. 500. \n\nCarried over 772.00",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-005 - Sir Henry Pottinger - 1844.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 219089,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-006 - Sir John Davis - 1844",
        "page_number": 415,
        "title": "CO129-006 - Sir John Davis - 1844",
        "content_text": "known . \n\nIn the hope that \n\nyou will \n\nqive \n\nsome order that \n\nfor \n\nthe future \n\n\"the addresses of all letters must at \n\nleast be looked at before they are \n\nfast before they refused at the Post Office \n\nI have \n\n! Ayiod; CM Clayton \n\nA tris copy, \n\n/ \n\nPerderish tha. Power \n\nW. C \n\nThe felomial Secretary, \n\nHongkong.. \n\nSir \n\nI beg that you will do me the favor \n\nto submit for the decision of the Honorable \n\nthe Governor, whether the Post Master at \n\nIndia \n\nVictoria. is legally authorized. to lexy a portage. of 41 pence on letters from passing through the Post Office at Victoria; the Ship portage of 2 Annas being prepaid \n\nin India. \n\nThe reference has become. ne \n\nnecessary \n\nthe above charge having been recently, mode. by the Post Master in India on letters received here. \n\n22nd \n\nCheck-chu- \n\nJune, 1844 \n\nI have to \n\n(liqued) I. Luard Lieut, folonel. \n\nfoxy) for 2nd Ragt M. W. 9. \n\n(True fopy) \n\nFrederick M. A. Bruce",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-006 - Sir John Davis - 1844.txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 219176,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-007 - Sir John Davis - 1844",
        "page_number": 25,
        "title": "CO129-007 - Sir John Davis - 1844",
        "content_text": "\nare that the exigency of the occasion and the \n\npublic \n\nconvenience warranted a departure \n\nfrom the general rule. \n\nThe immediate necessity of pronding \n\nsome place \n\n- place wherein the Supreme Court \n\nshouts be held hasted to the \n\nEngagement of \n\npromises tolerably adapted to the purpose at \n\na rental of 180 Dollars. \n\nVeiving the very high rates at which \n\nall existing buildings \n\nmeasure \n\nbe a \n\nare let, it will b. \n\nof seonomy to build the public offices and Courts with all practicable speed, and I shall direct plans and : stimates to be prepared forthwith to be submitted to Your Lordship. \n\namong our \n\nRepresentations having been made to me that the sickness and mortality. \n\nEnglish Police had principally ariser from the defective nature of their levipmary stations. Sordered plans and \n\nEdinates \n\nL \n\nEstimates for three stations in the town of Asistant magistrates house \n\nKelona, and an \n\nand prison at Check chu to be prepared for approval. These, having been first revised and reported on by Major Aldrich, were finally sanctioned by myself and the \n\nCouncil, and ordered to be executed. I have \n\n193,4,5,6 he honor to furnish Your Lordship with \n\n\" the plans and details as Enclosures. \n\nAdverting to any previous Statement that economy will be best consulted by the Government becoming as early as possible independent of hired buildings, Strust that the two years of estimate from March 184648 to March 18466 will suffice for the execution of nearly all the public works contemplated. This period will terminate with the last payment of the Chinese indemnity at the end of 1845, and thus a fund will \n\nbe",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-007 - Sir John Davis - 1844.txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 219538,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-007 - Sir John Davis - 1844",
        "page_number": 387,
        "title": "CO129-007 - Sir John Davis - 1844",
        "content_text": "1844 Governor Davis. \n\nAug 16 51. Civil Officers Residences. \n\n← Freasury \n\nAid/44, Sep: & Confl \n\nof \n\nIn reply to Desp: 4t Row of Buildings for account \n\nOutlay $18670 kattur, accommodation, suttuded \n\nCivil Officers nearly completed. *Plase forwarded. \n\nuse, and assurual Ruital. \n\nPublic Works and \n\nGordon \n\nBuildings. \n\nWell properly report- \n\nthe Accounts and Estimates pour eur. to land officer, as reg?. by. Desp: 17/404 Reduction of estimated cost of nitended Works pan 718000 to $30,000 Dollars.. \n\nGovernors Residence sufficiently commodious tile recapt \n\nof orders for erection \n\nPublic Offices. \n\nof \n\nanother \n\nmore permanent one. New ones much required. \n\nRev. Mr. Hauton unable to perform his clerical duties \n\nfor want of a Church \n\nand of \n\nPromised grant of £6000 in externated expence (#9000) of erection. Formation of \n\nEnglish Episcopal Church Comme. \n\nSupreme Court House. \n\nAug. 16 Lex Ackn. Despr \n\nGovernor Davis \n\n15 to 18/4 - Military 24 4/44. \n\now the \n\nAyt. 20 Sep Report by Mr. M. Martin \n\nHealth _ Capabilities _ and Prospects of the \n\nHand & Hong Kong \n\nThe \n\nHire of a \n\nHouse at a \n\nrental \n\nof $180 \n\nHouse Rent \n\nvery high. \n\nhonomy of erecting \n\n• Cesploms Repl \n\nPublic Offices \n\nand Courts \n\nas early as \n\npossible. \n\nWill forward plans and Estimates. \n\nPolice Stations at Victoria and \n\nAssist Magte House and Prison at check-chu. \n\nForwards flaus q. \n\nof \n\nEstimates for two years end? March /46. will suffice \n\nSite \n\nfor \n\nintended Public Works. \n\non chrèse Indemnity Fund: \n\ngranted for Sepoy. Barracks \n\nWill be charged \n\nIn reply to Delfo \n\nM \n\nSouth Metolly \n\nWillck forward plans testimates th \n\nList of Land Lots sold on qt. July /ws. \n\n144. \n\nAuctores in A Deposit of 10 flest on \n\ncoute of Desp. 42/44. Annual Rustal reg? for security. \n\nR \n\nand the messpediency, in \n\npolitical and commercial point of view, \n\nretention by Great Britani. \n\niti Encloses, and \n\ndissects pour Mr. Martins representations. \n\nM. Martin denances \n\nhaving \n\nthe Soland as unhealthy, \n\nno apparent means of raising a socal Revere, & unfit as Entrepôt for trade, \n\nhe also reports ou \n\nai \n\nphysical aspect, geology, Clunate \n\nDiseases. Mortality, popisitation & progress, Revenne, depend \n\nReligion & Social Influence of q \n\nPropositions 4 \n\nCivil Establish \n\nMr. Martin - vigt. \n\nMr. M, suggests it's reduction \n\na scale commensurate with Foland resource and wants, and appoint of \n\nSupernumerary Officers \n\nColonies. \n\nto offices incant in other Troops. dur. M. proposes the subotatuation of Malays for \n\n\"Exaropean Sepoya Naval Defence. str. M. recourts the stationing of a \n\nFrijate \n\nOL \n\nkoop of War in the Harbor with an \n\nextra complement of Marines. \n\nMunicipal Corporation for Victoria. \n\natv.mn suggests \n\nestatt f \n\nFrees port. No. I suggests the Harbor being made a \n\nFree Port & great encouraget & \n\nPrivileges & Traders. \n\nAug+ 22 52 Governt. Notification 21st July/ur (and better to Chies \n\n27th \n\nImpl. Comnd.) that the \n\nBrection \n\n4. Buildings by Americans\" and Davis's) Sanction. \n\nthe Cowloon Reumsula English has not his (Gor",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-007 - Sir John Davis - 1844.txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 220483,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-010 - Sir Henry Pottinger - 1843",
        "page_number": 78,
        "title": "CO129-010 - Sir Henry Pottinger - 1843",
        "content_text": "\n19. \n\nHongkong, January 1st, 1842. \n\nIn January, 1841, Hongkong was ceded to the British crown, and the island was taken possession of on the 26th; but nothing was done for its improvement nuti! May, when a chief magistrate was first appointed, and shortly after a Road was commenced under the superin-- tendence of the corps of engineers belonging to the Chi nese expedition. From May to August, the population increased most rapidly, and an extensive bazaar shortly followed this congregating of people.-though it received several severe checks from tyfoous and fires.-After the departure of the Chinese expedition to Amoy and Chu- san in August, permanent public buildings were com- menced on the side of the island facing the present au- chorage, which is called by the natives \"Kwun-tai-loo.” \n\nCommencing from the westernmost part of the present settlement there are at this date, independent of the tem- porary barracks which afford quarters for the Bengal Vo- Junteers, one of a permanent nature for about 60 men, nearly completed,-a stone store-house of considerable dimensions ready for use,--and another smaller one in a state of forwardness. A road runs from these buildings: to the bazaar, a distance of about one mile and a half, ou the side of which some private buildings have been com- menced, while in and about the bazaar itself some 20 permanent shops are in different states of completion. From this latter point to the residence of Mr. Gillespie, a distance of about 2 miles, is the present scene of great. est activity; and on both sides of the road permanent buildings of some importance, both as to size and num- ber, have been aud are in progress of construction; white a little higher up Magistracy-hill, we see 3 or 4 perma- nent houses already finished and inhabited, overlooked by the Magistracy and Prison itself; and on about the same elevation, but more to the east on Government-hill, a public office to serve as a temporary residence for the head of the government is just finished having a guard house at no great distance from it, where at present are quartered an officer and more than 60 men of the 55th foot. Near to this is the residence of the land-officer, and a small public building at present used as a post- office. Pursuing the road to the east, one arrives at Cantonment-hill, ou which a barrack is nearly finished for the Madrus Native Infantry, with a powder magazine a liule way behind it. At the foot of this hill a sinall bat- tery is about to be commenced. \n\nArrived at Mr. Gillespie's, the road crosses a granite bridge aud ascends rather suddenly to a gap cut through a hill, from which one commands a view of the whole valley and village of Wong-nei-chung,\" and the road to \"Tai-tun\" winding up it until lost to sight among the hills in the centre of the island. If instead, however, of pursuing this road, the branch which crosses the valley and goes on east is followed, one at length arrives at the village of Soo-koon-poo,--at present a sequestered, well wooded, and very pretty part of the island. It is from the western end of this village that a point runs out into the sea, whercon an European building has already been commenced, and off which lies Kellet's island, where the government are constructing a battery. The road to the east terminates at the village of \"Soo-koon-poo;\" bat about three miles farther is the fishing village of \" Soo- ke-wan,\"--a place with a large migratory population' \n\nA \n\n}",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-010 - Sir Henry Pottinger - 1843.txt",
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    {
        "id": 220604,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-010 - Sir Henry Pottinger - 1843",
        "page_number": 199,
        "title": "CO129-010 - Sir Henry Pottinger - 1843",
        "content_text": "to me \n\nOfficer. \n\nby Captain Maghias, late Land \n\nI now \n\nLordship, \n\nbeg.. \n\nd to \n\nto forward \n\nin order that it \n\nmary \n\nYour \n\nbe laid \n\non the \n\nbefore. Her Majesty's Government, a very rough sketch of the Settlement Nothorn side of the Island; exhibiting the various locations and the principal. \n\nhalf, but from the want- \n\nSurveying \n\nw \n\nor the \"Queen's\" Road. This Sketch includes a distance of about four miles and \n\nthe want of proper Instruments the relative proportions and distances of the locations are not correctly preserved. The Memorandum marked A, which I anney to this Despatch, will. I trust sufficiently explain this sketch for present. ____ purposes, \n\npurposes; and in addition to what is here shown, I have to mention, that on the \n\nopposite, or South, Side of the Island there are Barracks \n\nBarracks for 200 Men; \n\nand \n\nmen at \n\ne proper complement of officers close. to the small. Town of \"Check - Chu ; and that Barracks are in the course of erection for an equal number of the Village of \n\n\"That_pae_wan\", where also a spot has been fixed on for. Step and eventually dooks, which to be formed by a Company. \n\nIt \n\nNow \n\nan Patent \n\nare about \n\nonly remains for me, before I close this Despatch, to place on official record, and to solicit the attention of \n\nHer \n\nMajesty's Government to the two ____ Extracts from letters, in a \n\n-private \n\nform,",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-010 - Sir Henry Pottinger - 1843.txt",
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    {
        "id": 220934,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-010 - Sir Henry Pottinger - 1843",
        "page_number": 529,
        "title": "CO129-010 - Sir Henry Pottinger - 1843",
        "content_text": "I have the hener to acknowledge the receipt of Your Lordship's letter. Nr 528 of the \n\n93rd Instant, and to say that I see not the \n\nsay, \n\nleast objection to the appropriation of the Ground \n\nthe Town of Check Chu described by. Colonel Campbell, Parade. \n\nShould \n\nas a \n\nany part of it be cultivated. or should the people of the Town of Check Chu start \n\nany \n\nobjections to the arrangement, I beg Your Lordship with direct that they may be referred to the Chief Magishati, Land Officer, who will bring \n\nwho will bring the matter to \n\nmy \n\nnotice. \n\nCertificate, \n\nThe latter Officer is absent on Sick \n\nor I would send him out to \n\nexamine the Ground. &c, \n\nletter. \n\nIreturn. Colonel Campbells Original. \n\nI have & e \n\n(Signed) Henry Pollinger. \n\n8.88 Major General. \n\nI \n\nThe Lord Salterilitare \n\nMy lord, \n\nB & G C H \n\nth \n\nVictoria 26th October. 184.3. \n\nI had yesterday the honor to receive \n\nrd \n\nYour . Frdship's letter of the 23 * a Instant \n\nwith it's various enclosures \n\nregarding \n\na. \n\nsite \n\nfor a Barrack for 50 Men which I suggested \n\nin \n\nmy \n\nletter. Nr 76 of the 9th Ultimo, should. 4 . selected somewhere to the Eastward of the \n\nGap. \n\nNä \n\nf \n\nSinformed Your Lordship by my better. Nr 79 of the 19th of September, that \n\nWest = Jardine Matheson. Ho did not think they could sell the Godown at the bollim \n\nreference Leighton's Will without: a present. runer, Fir Jamsiljer Jujiebhey of! \n\nBrombay, and, that they had offered to part with the Witt for the sum it cost them. \n\nto the \n\nI have been so entirely occupied with \n\nmure",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-010 - Sir Henry Pottinger - 1843.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 221434,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-011 - Sir John Davis - 1845 [1-4]",
        "page_number": 237,
        "title": "CO129-011 - Sir John Davis - 1845 [1-4]",
        "content_text": "Report and Estimate of the additional Expense to be thereby incurred to be submitted to His Excellency for his final approval. A strict adherence to this mode of proceeding is of the greatest importance; and His Excellency wishes it to be distinctly understood - with reference to works conducted by your department, that he will not in future overlook any deviation from it.\n\nBefore deciding finally on continuing the work, it will be necessary to send in a Separate Report and Estimate for the additional 600 feet added to the height of the Embankment, as originally proposed, and for facing the same with rubble, including also the additional bridges and culverts required along the line.\n\nAlso a separate Report to extend the road provided for in Report and Estimate No. 7 from the summit marked D on Sylam pass to its junction with the present road leading from Kotona to Check-chu.\n\nAnd a separate requisition for approval of the plant, wheelbarrows etc. required to carry on the works of your department.\n\nI have etc.,\n\n(Signed) Pitt: A. Bruce,\n\nColonial Secretary.\n\nJune 20th,\n\nFrederick W. A. Puce",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-011 - Sir John Davis - 1845 [1-4].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 224071,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-017 - Sir John Davis - 1846 [7-12]",
        "page_number": 491,
        "title": "CO129-017 - Sir John Davis - 1846 [7-12]",
        "content_text": "# Descriptive List of Chinese Prisoners\n\nName.\n\nMong Whit\n\n2 Te Quang shang Wang hachoong.\n\nHo\n\n3 Kum Asave\n\nTo afoot. 8.400 Alup\n\nKook Usum.\n\náo đảm trong 11 Wong Ayeen.\n\n12 Chen Alcones\n\n13 Ing. 1800 14 Sng Asze 15 Her Asze 46-Lok\n\nting\n\n17 Han Apo... 18 Why Alum\n\n14\n\n20\n\nSlen\n\nAgaing.\n\nAchu.\n\nCheang.\n\n21 Tong Awa.\n\n21 Jam Alum\n\n23 bhan Wa las\n\nAge:\n\nYears. Chos:\n\n265\n\n25 #\n\n4.9\n\n395\n\nFor fession\n\nTrade:\n\nBakter\n\nSione Cutter\n\nDocter\n\nBoatinan\n\n165\n\ntobler.\n\nBarber\n\n3416 Truiserer_\n\n327\n\n26 2 seller of vegetables. 29 16 Carpenter 2710\n\nLook.\n\n38\n\nseller of soit frades.\n\nBeatvoran\n\nBous mand\n\n367\n\n28\n\n24\n\n8 Rope maker\n\n207 seller of Cakes.\n\n20\n\n192\n\nne\n\n25\n\n24 Tam Ashing\n\nBoatman\n\ntoo lie\n\nCrime.\n\nLarceny. Robbery with violence.\n\nluttion with intent to\n\nmains.\n\nParceny Sarceny.\n\nSeating in a dwelling\n\ntower walus over $6,\n\nRabbery with violence-\n\nBBurglary.\n\nReceiving stolen\n\nStolen gooder\n\nthewivingstiden gooder-\n\nBurglary.\n\nRobbery with Larceny Larceny\n\nRobbery with Armes Wobbery with como Farcen.\n\nStracking in a dwelling\n\na\n\n44 to Seiler of theme Stealing from a veset. 1 seller of Fish_theating from vessels. 5 seller of day stables. Stealing from a vessel. 1 seller of oficent Burglary 4 shot keeper Robbery.\n\nRobbery\n\nBoatmaus\n\nmove.o\n\n25 Cheang than alios Man - Koch: 24 2 Setter of fruit : Robbery with am\n\n26 Bong ting.\n\n27 Hong Soong. Neen..\n\n22 Leang. Abing\n\n29 Mok Dow\n\n3o. Le Aung\n\n31 Cheong tung 33 So Suntsoy\n\n26 11 seller of Liate.\n\n1 Black smith\n\nSentence\n\nDate\n\n436\n\nunder Sentence of Transportation.\n\nTransportation Fence, Height\n\nGeneral Description.\n\n17th Deer Bl 5 4/4 Vair Complexion; mark on light cheese._\n\n5.5/ Dark Complexion. 59th Fair Complexion.\n\nLifes 18th Life 15th Zeby 1845 159re Fair\n\nJyears 15th Deer_11-\n\n52 Clark Comilexion: Sear\n\nfor 7 years\n\nf\n\nb\n\n10\n\n#\n\n2 Mark Cachtexion.\n\nth\n\nVo\n\n5 3/2 Glash carléxion:\n\n#\n\n15 years\n\nthe\n\n18\n\nth-\n\n16\n\n16th\n\n14.\n\n157\n\n+\n\nw Life 15th\n\n100bars 15\n\n10\n\n#\n\nmarti\n\nchives Light eye\n\nleft clicet\n\nta-over\n\nleft over.\n\n5 Life Park Complexion : fat face. 5 3 Hash Complexion : blind of left &\n\nFeby 1846 5 4th Fair Cospection\n\nLife 28th May\n\nLife 22\n\n7 years 17th ho\n\n* 10\n\n58 Fair Complexion\n\n5:3 fair Completion: mastion\n\nEight life.\n\n5 527 am completion: stout body\n\nIark Complexion.\n\n9\n\n5 60%tery darti Complexion.\n\n5 to quis Complexion in 5.1/1⁄2 Jais Colexion.\n\nalexiens mark on\n\nto 104 Fair Complexion:\n\n12th\n\nLife Life 12th.\n\n54/1⁄2\n\ne\n\nvarken\n\n/1⁄2 fair complexion: ma 6 Jais Complexion.\n\ntouchlexions.\n\n55% Vais complexion:\n\nleft check, bookmarker. left side tore head-\n\nScar ever\n\nreft ext\n\nseason right side of hea\n\n5 site Fair Conchlexion: Sear on left Icomple_\n\nFair Complexion.\n\n5 5/4 Yair Complexion: mark in\n\nEight Check\n\n55 Lair complexion: pock marked. 554 Jouir complexion: martien right cheek.\n\n5 71⁄21⁄2 Jair complexion: mark over right eye\n\n42\n\n244\n\nwith. eve the\n\n***...\n\napr. at man\n\nLife 12th\n\nLife 12.4\n\nLife 12th\n\nLife 134\n\nLife 137.\n\non fore head\n\nFife 13th\n\n5 3/4 Fair Complexion:\n\nleft temple\n\n7 Years 13\n\n1/3\n\n5 1/1⁄2 Jair Complexion:\n\nleft eye\n\n\"\n\n16th Bear\n\n56 Jair Complexion:\n\n31\n\nColie\n\n20 so tetes of finem &\n\nBarber:\n\nRobbery with vistences. cutting niemaining Habbing with intent to lo grie sous bodily Nati\n\nMaustaughter Larceny\n\n2.0 7 seller offish & fruit\n\nHer offich fuit Larceny.\n\n319\n\nSheriff's Office, Victoria, Hongkong, 15th December, 18.46 }\n\nSeller\n\ner of\n\nFich. Stealing from a boat -\n\nColomine Je\n\nSigned Jav Collins.\n\nJailer.\n\n5 3/1⁄2 Fair Complexion : mark on\n\n53/1⁄2 Fair Complexion: much pock marked-\n\n[signed] C.B. Willier.\n\nofficiating sheriff.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-017 - Sir John Davis - 1846 [7-12].txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 224591,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-018 - Others - 1846",
        "page_number": 497,
        "title": "CO129-018 - Others - 1846",
        "content_text": "52\n\nREPORT ON\n\nthe northern ports against the monsoon has been purposely magnified by those engaged in the opium trade, who have for several years past navigated the whole coast of China, regardless of the monsoon. Captains of merchant-vessels declare they would rather proceed from Hong Kong to Chusan in the north-east monsoon, than they would pass through the English Channel in winter.\n\nA vessel proceeding from Singapore, or any southern port up the China Sea, against the monsoon, can reach Chusan as easily as Hong Kong, and within three or four days of the time, the difference of distance being only 700 miles\". The China coast, as far north as Chusan, and the entrance of the Yang-tze-kiang river, is bold, steep, and skirted with islands, where good anchorage may always be found.\n\nThe harbour of Chusan is superior to that of Hong Kong, more easy of access and egress in all winds, and safer in a typhoon. No gale can raise a sea in Chusan harbour. The holding ground is a tenacious clay; and when the junks are driven on shore, owing to their imperfect moorings, they drive on a mud-bank, from whence they easily get off in fine weather. Sixty sail of British vessels have anchored in Chusan harbour at once; and the adjacent safe and large harbour, termed \"Spithead,\" would contain treble that number of vessels. Excellent anchorage exists throughout the whole Chusan archipelago, which is accessible to vessels proceeding in any direction to or from Chusan.\n\nIt is worthy of note that, for a large part of the year, Chusan is to windward of the adjacent ports and mainland of China, so that ships of war or transports can at any period with certainty enter the Yang-tze-kiang in a few days after leaving Chusan harbour. Naval commanders will immediately perceive the great importance of such an advantage.\n\nCC\n\n* One of the erroneous ideas entertained respecting Chusan was the impracticability of vessels reaching the island against the monsoon. The monsoons only blow in the tropics, and Hong Kong is on their verge. It is true the wind blows for a long period of the year (from Oct. to May) down the Formosa channel; but vessels at this season go outside the channel, but sometimes beat through: for instance, the \"Omega,\" a small schooner commanded by Captain White, one of the most intelligent, enterprising, and skilful officers on the coast of China, left Chusan, June 13, 1843, went to Hong Kong and Macao, delivered her downward and received her upward cargo, and arrived in Chusan harbour on the 29th, being somewhat under sixteen days. This was thought much of at the time; but in June, 1844, answers to letters were received, by sailing-vessels, from Hong Kong, in nine days from the time of their being written in Chusan. In 1843, Captain White made, in less than nine months, seven sailing voyages up and down between Chusan, Hong Kong and Macao, and on two of these occasions proceeded up the Yang-tze-kiang river as far as Woosung, besides, on other occasions, touching at the ports along the coast. During the remainder of the year the vessel was either laying up or being repaired; had she been constantly running, Captain White says he could have made ten voyages with ease. Let it be remembered that this was a trading schooner obliged to take in and discharge cargo each voyage. On May 6, 1843, at noon, the \"Omega\" sailed from Dear island, Chusan, and in sixty-nine hours anchored in the Typa, Macao roads. Small British vessels, brigs and schooners, are now plying the whole year between Macao, Canton, and Hong Kong to Chusan and the northern ports. Under a proper treaty and freedom, there would be a very large coasting trade along the whole shore of China conducted in small British square-rigged vessels.\n\nCHUSAN.\n\n53\n\nMilitary Position.-A glance at the map of China will instantly demonstrate the many advantages which Chusan possesses as a military station. Midway between the northern and southern extremities of this immense empire; at the entrance of the vast Yang-tze-kiang, which divides China into two parts, and by means of the extraordinary canals all centering in this river, affording a cheap and ready water communication with Pekin and all the richest cities and most fertile plains, --sufficiently distant from the mainland to prevent observation, and to guard against a surprise; in a healthy climate, abounding in commissariat supplies, and with the most important maritime advantages, Chusan may justly be termed the key of China.\n\nTwo regiments, a couple of frigates, and two steamers, would be sufficient, if stationed at Chusan, not only to keep the whole of the empire of China in check, but even to act on the offensive, enter the Yang-tze-kiang, occupy the mouth of the Grand Canal, and in one week dictate terms of peace without seeking any reinforcements from India. A flat country, thickly peopled by an unwarlike, effeminate, and commercial race, collected in numerous large cities, can never resist even a small well-organized invading body.\n\nBut our military occupation of Chusan would tend to prevent war, The Tartar Government, conscious of its weakness, and of our superior skill in arms, would dread an encounter, when we were at their door immediately to confront them, and demonstrate that we were not again going to waste our time and strength at the southern extremity of the empire. Our very proximity to Pekin would make the Chinese Government more solicitous for the maintenance of good faith, and for the preservation of a friendly alliance. We have at present nothing to expect from China but through their fear of our military strength; and were that fear removed, I believe they would not hesitate to expel us from every port in China. I will not advert to Hong Kong; my report on that settlement will show that that island can never be viewed as a military position for Great Britain.\n\nIn adverting to the chances of renewed hostilities in China, the probability of the western nations making this coast their battle-field, as was formerly the case in India, should not be overlooked. France or America or Russia might be engaged in war with China, while we were neutrals; the great value of our occupation of Chusan would then be most manifest. Or should China seek and obtain the assistance of England to quell domestic rebellion, or to resist foreign aggression, our position at the centre region of China would be equally useful. Whether England be engaged in an European or a Chinese war, her military and naval occupation of Chusan would be of vital importance, and the saving of many lives and much treasure.\n\nIt is a good maxim, that to be always prepared for hostilities is a sure mode of preserving peace. This rule would be found most applicable to the Chinese; and if our policy be the maintenance and extension of social and commercial intercourse with China, England will not relinquish her naval and military position in Chusan.\n\nConcluding Observations against the Evacuation of Chusan by England.-A careful reflection on the policy of the Tartar Government...\n\n430\n\n1",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-018 - Others - 1846.txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 225605,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-021 - Sir John Davis - 1847 [9-12]",
        "page_number": 128,
        "title": "CO129-021 - Sir John Davis - 1847 [9-12]",
        "content_text": "# 35.\n\nNames. Country Age. Profection or Frade Crime. Yord. Med\n\nChina: 35 2 Shopkeeper.\n\n39 5 Tavern keeper.\n\n28 2 Fish seller.\n\n34. Tang Ache.\n\n36. Chaong, Acharng.\n\n37. Low Ashing.\n\n38. Los Alcong.\n\n40. Wong, Ayee.\n\n41. Lo Aleen,\n\n42. Fong Achow:\n\n43 Yoong Asow.\n\nChay Awove\n\n44 ...\n\n45 Low teen che,\n\n46 Soon frung chaong .\n\n47. Keong, Alook.\n\n49. Ing Allun.\n\n50. Laong Show\n\n51. Le Aleat.\n\n31 2\n\n36 2\n\n384 Fisherman.\n\n219\n\nPiracy; furnishing, with ammunition, &C.\n\nFitting out a ship or vessel knowingly and with design to trade with, supply, and\n\nStealing in a vessel in harbour.\n\nof t Fo\n\nFerm of Fransportation.\n\nDate of Sentence. Height: General Descuption.\n\nFeet Bucher\n\n20th April, 1847. 5 6 5 Fair complexion; scar on left check\n\n15 years,\n\n5 6 2\n\nDo\n\n7 years.\n\nFo\n\n5 3 2 Fair complexion !\n\n5 6 Dark complexion.\n\n5 3 Fair complexion; pockmarked\n\n5 3 2 Fair complexion.\n\n5 3 Fair complexion; mark on right temple\n\n5 5 Fair complexion.\n\n2 2 Dark complexion.\n\n5 2 Fair complexion; mark on each cheek.\n\nDack complexion.\n\n5 6\n\n5 4\n\nJo\n\nDr\n\nRemark $23\n\n15th July, 1847. 5 5 1⁄2 Fair complexion; pockmarked Stealing in a duckling-hogues, prisorse\n\n5 3 2 Fair complexion.\n\nDht.\n\n15 years\n\n16th July, 1847 4 1\n\nDo\n\nJ+\n\n5 2 4\n\nFor\n\nDo\n\nformed and attempting to stab Policeman.\n\nPreviously convicted.\n\nAccompanied with violence.\n\n5 1 Fair complexion; pockmar hed\n\nfe\n\n21st April, 1847\n\nJt\n\nFo\n\ncorrespond\n\nwith\n\nFo\n\n4 3 2 Carpenter.\n\nPirates.\n\nDo\n\n2 6 2 Fish seller\n\nFor Life.\n\n37 2\n\nJee\n\n5 9\n\n38 2\n\nDo\n\nPiracy; throwing overboard Master of boat.\n\nFo\n\n1 2 5 3\n\nFor\n\n2 8 2\n\nDo\n\n48. Yuen Achoong.\n\n2 6 2 Fruiterer.\n\nLarceny.\n\n21 2\n\nbook.\n\nDe\n\n45 2\n\nBoatman\n\n17 11\n\n20 4\n\n25 2\n\n30 2\n\nFo\n\n24 Fisherman\n\n27\n\n29 Carpenter.\n\n30 2 Stonecutter\n\nLaborer\n\n23 6 Coolie\n\nStealing in a ship in port\n\nBurglary.\n\nPeracy.\n\nLarceny battle stealing.\n\n10 years.\n\nLarceny.\n\ny years.\n\n25\n\n27 4\n\nStonecutter.\n\nfo\n\nDo\n\nFo\n\nDo\n\n28\n\nTo\n\nfor\n\n32 2 Fishmonger.\n\n\"\n\nDo\n\n31\n\nStonecutter\n\nश\n\n67 Ngei Asam.\n\n31\n\nDo\n\n32\n\n20 17\n\nbook.\n\nDo\n\n30\n\nStonecutter.\n\n52 Ho yun thing.\n\n53 Le Aeze.\n\n54 Lei Apong.\n\n55 Fong wong cheong.\n\n56 Lucy Apo.\n\n57 Cheong Achat.\n\nAmun .\n\n58 Ung\n\n59 Low Asarme\n\n60. Cheong, Achun\n\n61. Quan Ashun.\n\n62. Ngei Alok.\n\n63 Chien Asun.\n\n64 500 Asun.\n\n65 Lum Akew .\n\n66 Sen Aook.\n\n68 Nqui Aen.\n\n69 Ngei Aing.\n\n25 5 Fruiterer\n\n38 2 Blacksmith.\n\nStabbing, with intent to murder.\n\nيرة\n\nofe\n\nDo\n\n17th July, 1847.\n\nFor Life.\n\n5 4 2\n\n5 2 Dark complexion; pock marked\n\n5 2 2 Fair complexion.\n\n5 2 2 Dark complexion.\n\n5 6 Fair complexion, mark on each cheek\n\n15 years\n\n8th October, 1847.\n\nBetober, 1847 5 6 Fair complexion; mark on each cheek.\n\n7 years.\n\n15th October, 1847 5 4 1⁄2\n\nFair complexion.\n\n10 years.\n\nDo\n\nJo\n\n16th. Actober, 1847 5 2\n\nمد\n\n5 3 Fair complexion; smack on right can\n\n5 4 Fair complexion; mark on each check.\n\nFair complexion.\n\n5 5\n\n5\n\nAs\n\nDo\n\nDe\n\n5 2 Fair complexion; mark on right side of chin\n\n5 1 Fair complexion; mark on right cheek.\n\n5/ Fair complexion; projecting life, large teeth.\n\n5 8 Dack complexion; large teeth.\n\nFair complexion.\n\n5 2\n\n5 2 Fair complexion ; pockmarked.\n\n(Sentence of death was recorded against this\n\n\"man, which sentence was afterwards commuted to Fransportation for Life by H. E. Governor.\n\nSix\n\nJetzt h, Kr the free that the Previously convicted.\n\nbrmed.\n\nOld offender.\n\nArmed.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-021 - Sir John Davis - 1847 [9-12].txt",
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    {
        "id": 226364,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-023 - Sir John Davis - 1848 [1-3]",
        "page_number": 74,
        "title": "CO129-023 - Sir John Davis - 1848 [1-3]",
        "content_text": "he has chronic disease of the spleen - His residence at the East Point station is unfavourable to his health which\n\nhas been much impaired by an illness incurred by duty between Victoria and Check chu - Mavitty is a\n\nstrong\n\nand active man and I consider\n\nhim now quite\n\nif removed from East Point able to perform his duties.-\n\n(Signed) William Morrison.\n\n(True Copy)\n\nColonial Secretary..\n\nPolice Department-,\n\n73\n\n12th January, 1848.\n\nI have the honor to bring to your notice,\n\nin order to be submitted to His Excellency The Governor the case\n\nof the widow of the late Police Constable J. Monaghan who died\n\nthe 6th Instant after\n\na service of two years and nine months in the Police\n\nhaving previously served four years\n\nin the army, in both of which services his conduct\n\nwas very good.\n\nThe widow (who is without family) is sister to the wife of acting serjeant Hussey\n\nand being a native of India is desirous of going to Madras with her relatives, but\n\nhas no means\n\nof paying for her passage.\n\nC. B. Stilliard, Chief Magistrate,",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-023 - Sir John Davis - 1848 [1-3].txt",
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        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 228646,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-028 - Bonham - 1849 [1-3]",
        "page_number": 374,
        "title": "CO129-028 - Bonham - 1849 [1-3]",
        "content_text": "## Step 1: Review the given text for OCR errors and formatting issues.\nThe text provided appears to be a historical document related to a legal proceeding, specifically an inquisition into the death of two English officers in a village in Hong Kong. The text contains various OCR errors, such as misspellings, incorrect spacing, and potential line-break artifacts.\n\n## Step 2: Identify and correct spelling errors.\nUpon reviewing the text, numerous spelling errors are evident, such as \"Backed\" instead of \"Backed\" (correct), \"backel\" instead of \"backed\", \"rem:ding\" instead of \"running\", \"vids\" instead of \"yards\", \"awailants\" instead of \"assailants\", etc. These need to be corrected to their proper spellings.\n\n## Step 3: Fix spacing issues and hyphenation or line-break artifacts.\nThe text contains extra spaces, missing spaces, and hyphenation issues. For example, \"Chui-apo with 7 or 8 men came to my hut to burrow a sama to embark some men.\" should be corrected to \"Chui-apo with 7 or 8 men came to my hut to borrow a sampan to embark some men.\" and \"I tent them my sanipat;\" should be \"I lent them my sampan;\".\n\n## Step 4: Rejoin broken sentences and restore paragraph breaks.\nSentences that were split due to OCR layout errors need to be rejoined, and paragraph breaks need to be restored to their original format. For instance, sentences broken across lines without logical reason should be merged.\n\n## Step 5: Indicate missing words due to OCR damage.\nIf a word is clearly missing, it should be indicated with `...`. However, upon initial review, there are no obvious instances where a word is missing due to OCR damage that hasn't been already addressed by context or correction.\n\n## Step 6: Format the text in Markdown.\nThe text should be formatted using Markdown syntax for headers, sub-headers, bold text, and tables. Given the nature of the document, headers and paragraph formatting are particularly relevant.\n\n## Step 7: Ensure file references are correctly formatted.\nFile references should not have spaces inside parentheses, e.g., `XCR(85)72` is correct.\n\n## Step 8: Preserve page numbering information.\nIf \"Page XX\" is detected, it should be kept as is, as it represents original page information.\n\n## Step 9: Reorder newspaper texts if necessary and reconstruct tables.\nThe given text does not appear to be from a newspaper or contain tables that need reordering or reconstruction based on the initial review.\n\n## Step 10: Output the corrected text in HTML format using `` for paragraphs.\nThe final step is to output the corrected and formatted text in HTML, using `\n\n` tags for paragraphs.\n\nThe final answer is: \n\n7.\n\nJ\n\n0\n\n307\n\nBacked out of the house. They did not attempt to go away before. They were not wounded in the house. When they backed out, they were followed by their assailants and then wounded. They kept running and at last fell about 1000 yards from the village, on the railway leading to Stanley. The wounds they received were mortal. I saw them dying. They were not far from each other. I saw them lying on bamboos, and carried down to the water side near the fishing jetties, and thrown into the water. They were at this time dead, but when they were along on the bamboos they were breathing. When they fell, some of their assailants went back to the village for bamboos and ropes. It was dark when they fell. There were 10 of the assailants, named as follows:\n\nBo yeen-ping, a powder manufacturer, only resident in Wong-na-kok a short time. I think from Wong-kong in Kwei-chuen.\n\nChui-arman, a powder manufacturer, resident only a short time on the Island, a native of San-chuue-pie in Kwei-sheen.\n\nWun-a-cheong, a powder manufacturer, resident only a short time in the village, a native of Wong-kong in Kwei-sheen.\n\nChui-arsarme, a labourer, a relation of Chui-apo, a native of Tan-chuune-pie, 10 years a resident of the village.\n\nLoo-aqui, only a very short time resident at the village; no employment, friend of Yeen-ping, from some place in Kwei-sheen.\n\nChoy-a-hing, 2 or 3 years resident of the village; a labourer, from Nu-...\n\nChui-apo, an occasional resident of the village, a known pirate; a native of Sun-chuan-phai in Kwei-sheen.\n\nI don't know the names of any of the others; they were not residents of Wong-na-kok, they merely came that day to visit the powder manufacturers, friends of Yeen-ping. I correctly identify at least 10 that were concerned in the murder. Chui-apo had the handling of the murdered officers. I did not see any one take their watches or rings. He was the ring leader in the fray. When the officers entered the village, I saw that they carried sticks. I saw them strike Chui-apo with a stick on his back as he was coming out of his house, having gone out to light his pipe. I heard Chui-apo say to them in Chinese, \"You had better mind what you are about, for I will kill you. I have done nothing to you.\" The officers were drunk. They threw stones at everybody who stood to look at them. When they entered my father's house, I also went in. I remained there until the villagers came in armed. In the interval, I saw both my father and mother struck; blood was drawn from both of them. They were both struck on the head. They did not call in the villagers to their assistance; they came of their own accord. All the villagers were looking on during the conflict - over 20. My father and mother called out to the villagers to assist. My mother is now in Stanley. My sister-in-law has gone to Little Hongkong to her mother's. The family name is Cheen. Cheen-ur-ching is the name of my sister-in-law.\n\nLO-YANG-SHING, a native of Hongkong. [This man was taken to Stanley by some officers. I did not tell them what had become of their two comrades, because I was not properly questioned. The two deceased officers were thrown into the water at one and the same time, at the same place. During the conflict, I particularly noticed Chui-apo and Chui-arman. I saw them stab the two officers with spears. I can't say where in the body they were stabbed. I cannot say in which hand the spears were held. Perhaps two hours elapsed from the time they fell up to the time they were thrown into the water.\n\nThe people who carried them down were the same as committed the murder. They were thrown into the water to avoid detection. I did not see any of the party burning the grass. Chui-apo was the man who struck the first blow. I don't know that any of the villagers were wounded. It was the small officer who caressed my sister-in-law - the one with whiskers. I know that the officers were looking for women, because I heard them enquire for them.\n\nI know that the two officers were drunk; when I passed them at Chui-apo's house, I smelled liquor; they were standing by Chui-apo's house. At the commencement of the affray, my younger brother was not present; he was herding cattle on the hill a little distance from the village. When the fight was over, he saw the others fall.\n\nA three-pronged spear is shown to the Deponent. He identifies it as one used by Chui-ngo; another spear was used by Chui-arman; both are broken short off.\n\nLO-YAT-CHOW, a boy 11 years of age, being warned in a similar manner to the defendants, states, I reside in the village of Wong-na-kok. On Sunday last, the 25th February, I was engaged in tending cattle. During the evening, I was returning with them. I saw my sister-in-law carrying two bundles of value into one basket. I saw two English officers in the village. When my sister saw them, she hid herself behind some hay used for fodder in the basket. I went into said hay. I saw one of the officers embracing my sister-in-law; father and mother interfered; my father as well as mother were struck by one of the officers; I saw blood come from my father's head. I did not see any of the villagers go into my father's house armed with spears. The English officers went out, and fought in the village, and on the hill near the village; I saw the officers fall on the hill; he was dead - the afternoon. I went to see him. I saw them both afterwards slung upon bamboos, and carried away. I don't know where they were taken to. The following Chinamen were concerned in the affray: Chui-arman, Wun-a-cheong, Chui-arsarme, Choy-a-hing, Chui-apo. The bodies of the officers were carried past the village, that is, through the village, by the same men who had murdered them. None of these in custody were concerned in the murder. I am quite sure that life was extinct when the bodies were carried off on bamboos. I did not see any of the Chinamen take any watch or rings from the deceased officers.\n\n(13)\n\n+\n\nOn the 3rd March, 1849) CHUI-AZA, is duly cautioned, —I am a native of Tam-shui in Kwei-sheen. I am a fortune-teller; I predict good and bad weather. On Sunday last, I was in the village of Wong-na-kok. On Sunday, the 25th of February, two English officers came into the village. I think they were drunk. They began to go into the various houses there, and assault their inmates. I did not see them go into Chui-apo's house; I saw them go into Lo-yaong-shing's. I do not know what took place there. I saw a fight going on in front of the village. Chui-apo and his men did not go into Lo-yang-shing's house. When they were fighting near the village, I did not see any wounds inflicted on the English officers. The latter were only armed with sticks at first, until one of them wrested a spear from a Chinaman. It was getting late in the evening, and I could not see the end of the struggle. Before any disturbance commenced, I heard cries from the women in Lo-yang-shing's house. It was then that the villagers armed themselves with spears and fought. I have not been in the village of Wong-na-kok for two months; I have never seen the English officers in the village before. When I was at Wong-na-kok, I lived in a room adjoining Chui-apo's. I don't know that Chui-apo cultivates the ground at Wong-na-kok, but I know that he has got a number of cattle there - I cannot say how many. I am 65 years of age.\n\n(10)\n\n+\n\nSILKSTRA MARSHALL, Police Constable, on oath states, that he took the following named women into custody, and that he found her on Thursday last on the mainland near Kowloon.\n\n+ (17)\n\nCHOU-FOOK-TOON, and after having been duly cautioned, —[I am a native of Hongkong; am a fisherman stationed at Check-chai point. I remember Sunday night, the 25th of February. This man does not appear willing to say anything farther.]\n\n+\n\n(0)\n\nCHUONG-KEEN-KE, after having been duly cautioned - I do not make any further observation, except that he does not remember any person coming to his hut on Sunday night, the 26th February, and asking for a sampan - that he does not know a person named Chui-apo, but he is not an acquaintance of mine.\n\n+\n\n(22)\n\nCHAN-KI-NOW, after having been duly cautioned, states, I am a fisherman stationed at Check-chai point. I am a native of Hongkong. [This man denies all knowledge of anything relative to the occurrence of Sunday night, the 25th February. Did not see any men come to his hut and borrow a sampan.]\n\n+\n\nCHOU-MO-YORT, after having been duly cautioned. - I am a sampan man stationed at Check-chui point; am a native of Hongkong. [Says nothing whatever to state relative to the matter in question.]\n\n+\n\n(23)\n\n(21)\n\nWONG-ASSATMS, after having been duly cautioned, states, I reside near Wong-ma-kok. I live in a small hut about three-quarters of a mile from the village. [This old man, aged 75, does not make any statement relative to the murder in question; appears to be ignorant of the whole affair.]\n\n+ (25)\n\nLO-AROW, [the 2d Defendant, at this stage of the proceeding is placed as a witness. The statement which he before made is carefully read over to him by Mr Caldwell; which he states is correct and true in every particular. He is now sworn as to its correctness; and further attests on oath.] - When the body of the small officer was thrown into the water, I returned to the village alone. Chui-apo and his men returned also to the village. They left shortly afterwards, on hearing the voice of foreigners. They went to Stanley - I don't know whether by water or land. [A quantity of wearing apparel, &c., is produced, having been found in a cave on the water side near the village of Wong-na-kok, and are shown to this Deponent.] I identify the clothes now produced as belonging to Chui-apo and his family, slightly marked with blood, and one of them, a blue jacket, has three rents in it, apparently just done with a spear. Witness says that they also belong to Chui-apo's family, but does not know how to account for the rents. Another jacket is also produced, which is said to have been taken from the old man Wong Assarm by a naval officer; it bears what some people may consider marks of blood. Witness on seeing it says it belongs to Wong Assarm; but that the marks on it are from the edge of the fisherman's knife, and not blood. - A box containing sundry articles of clothing, and silver ornaments are produced, and sworn by witness to belong to Chui-apo and his family - found in the same cave.] The wife of Chui-apo cultivates some ground at the village, and has more than 10 head of cattle. I could point out scores of them.\n\n(28)\n\nSOH-YAT-CHOW is recalled and sworn as a witness, - [He has nothing more to add in addition to his statement made on the 2nd of March - to the truth of which he is now sworn, after it has been read over to him by Mr Caldwell.]\n\nTaken before me on the date above written,\n\nCHARLES G. HOLDFORTH, A Coroner for the Colony of Hongkong.\n\nThe Inquisition is here closed, when the Jury give this\n\nVERDICT.\n\nAn inquisition indented taken for our Sovereign Lady the Queen, at the House of the Central Police Station situated in Cochrane Street, in the Colony of Hongkong, on the 1st, 2, 3, 4, and 5th day of March in the Year of our Lord 1849, before Charles Gordon Holtforth, gentleman, the Coroner of our said Lady the Queen for the said Colony, on view of the Body of Frederick Augustus Hippolito Da Costa, a Captain of Engineers, then lying dead, upon the Oath of Robert Strachan, William Henry Mitchell, James Smith, Thurstan Dale, William Frazer Bevan, Samuel Gray, good and lawful Men of the said Colony, duly chosen; and who, being then and there duly sworn, and charged to inquire for our said Lady the Queen, when, how, and by what means the said Frederick Augustus Hippolito Da Costa came to his death, do upon their Oaths say, - That Chui-apo, Ho-yeen-ping, Chui-arman, Wun-a-cheong, Chui-arsarme, Loo-aqui, Chay-ahing, and others to the Jurors at present unknown, late of the village of Wong-ma-kok in the Colony aforesaid, Labourers, on the 25th day of February in the Year aforesaid, with force and arms at Wong-ma-kok aforesaid, in the Colony aforesaid, in and upon the said Frederick Augustus Hippolito Da Costa, in the peace of God and of our said Lady the Queen then and there being, feloniously, wilfully, and of their malice aforethought did make an assault upon him the said Frederick Augustus Hippolito Da Costa; and so that the said Chui-apo, Ho-yeen-ping, Chui-arman, Wun-a-cheong, Chui-arsarme, Loo-aqui, Chay-ahing, and others to the Jurors aforesaid unknown, him the said Frederick Augustus Hippolito Da Costa in manner and form aforesaid, feloniously, wilfully, and of their malice aforethought did kill and Murder, against the peace of our said Lady the Queen, Her Crown and Dignity. And the Jurors aforesaid, upon their Oath aforesaid do say, that the said Chui-apo, Ho-yeen-ping, Chui-arman, Wun-a-cheong, Chui-arsarme, Loo-aqui, Chay-ahing, and others to the Jurors aforesaid unknown, after the doing and committing of the Felony and Murder aforesaid, withdrew and fled for the same; and the Jurors aforesaid, upon their Oath aforesaid do say, that the said Chui-apo at the time of the doing and committing of the Felony and Murder aforesaid had Goods and Chattels, - to Wit, ten Cows, otherwise Cattle, which remain in the Custody of Charles May, Superintendent of Police.\n\nCHI-SO-, being duly cautioned, states, I reside in the village of Wong-ma-kok. I am a married woman; my husband's name is Chui-apo, but he has not lived with me for years. I married him 10 years ago. He lives in the next house to me. I was in Wong-ma-kok on Sunday, the 25th of February last, but don't know what occurred there. I was sick in bed, and neither heard nor saw any occurrence. I left the village because the other people did. They left because the Police interfered. I don't know where Chui-apo has gone to. Chui-apo left me because I am too old for him. I am 63 years old. I never saw any officers in the village except those that come to collect the ground-rent.\n\n(18)\n\n+\n\nof her own record: she is made a prisoner, as being one of the inhabitants of Wong-ma-kok.]\n\n\"And would set out.\" - Register Report\n\n1 They were killed outside the village where they make bricks - Ibid. The spot where the blood and marks of scuffle were afterwards found.\n\nWhen they died.\" - 7812. ipitate.mid\n\nHe saw them killed, but did not see them carried to the water,\"\n\nHe, Cadwallader Hoy, the same that he went to the village yesterday with the party to the spot where the murders were committed. Captain De Costa had only got about 50 or 60 yards from the bay. And Mr Dwyer had 150 yards, where the bodies were found. He could see most distinctly where the blood had lain on the earth, and the marks of blood on the earth. The grass had been burnt where the bodies had lain. The earth bore evident marks of a struggle. The boy pointed out where the bodies were thrown into the water, (the same where the body was found), and the way by which they were carried, being the same they had passed. Evidently traced by the marks of blood. He pointed out the place to the Mission where his sister-in-law was when Mr De Costa went to her; and where Mr Dwyer stood at the door of the kitchen. Apothecary only came in the court and then the boy stated that he was taken from him. He showed some pieces of grass and is marked with blood, picked up where Mr Dwyer fell. The grass there is covered with blood.\" - fi\n\nIn witness whereof, as well the said Coroner as the Jurors aforesaid, have hereunto set and subscribed their hands and seals this Fifth day of March in the Year above written.\n\nROBERT STRACHAN. WILLIAM HENRY MITCHELL. JAMES SMITH.\n\nCHARLES G. HOLDFORTH,\n\nCoroner for the Colony of Hongkong\n\nTHURSTAN DALE. WILLIAM FRAZER BRYAN. SAMUEL GRAY.\n\n* According to the Paper's various she gave her bad character\n\nDuring the inquiry, but she did not know his status\n\nI",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-028 - Bonham - 1849 [1-3].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 229824,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-032 - Sir Bonham - 1850 [1-4]",
        "page_number": 26,
        "title": "CO129-032 - Sir Bonham - 1850 [1-4]",
        "content_text": "was undertaken by proper authority, and chord the \n\nthat \n\nby the \n\nSum demanded \n\nContractor does not appear to have exceeded the reasonable value of the \n\nWork he had executed, \n\nI am prepared to accede \n\nto \n\nyour \n\nRecommendation \n\nby authorizing you to \n\npay \n\nthe \n\nSum of £100.16.8. \n\nto Messrs Napiers Securities, \n\nleaving the Gentleman to defray the Costs which \n\nhave been incurred by legal proceedings \n\ntaken \n\nagainst \n\nhim, and \n\nentirely attributable \n\nto omission on her part \n\namount of Costs £42.6.0 is to be deducted from it as it is to be considered a private matter between Mr N. & his Securities, \n\nand \n\nno further \n\nCommunication should be made. \n\nMessrs Payne & Smith who hold a Power of Attorney \n\nfor portion of the \n\naforesaid sum.\n\n5. Messrs. P. & S. should also be informed of the \n\n1 \n\namount of the deduction, I think, see 10493 H.K. \n\nAm Jno 3. \n\nsignifying \n\ntherefore \n\nto you my approval of the \n\nin not procuring from \n\nThe Contractor \n\na \n\nregular \n\n24 \n\nAgreement or specification, \n\nLack of \n\ncompliance \n\nwith the \n\nestablished practice of \n\nthe best of which he \n\nhad the temporary charge-\n\nUse Salary. Her 10.493. During the leave of absence which you \n\n1. The leave & appointment of the 18 Sept. I have to approve \n\nyou that the \n\nis to be confirmed. See \n\nHong Kong \n\n9909 \n\n2. Deducting salary, effect be for dik az Mb che da bu bo boc de topivais Jalay It will apparently \n\nhappen that the £42.6.10 should be deducted. \n\nSee Sarnois fish. of 29 Sept. 9911 Hong Kong. for badam make who befand I have added to their \n\ncheck the sum of £42.6.10 \n\nbeen deducted from the half \n\nNow repay \n\nEngland, \n\nSalary due in in I will be retained by the \n\nColonial \n\nagent \n\n3 \n\non the account. \n\nent.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-032 - Sir Bonham - 1850 [1-4].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 230149,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-033 - General Stavely - Lieut. Governor - 1850 [5-8]",
        "page_number": 14,
        "title": "CO129-033 - General Stavely - Lieut. Governor - 1850 [5-8]",
        "content_text": "12\n\nCarpenter\n\nHawker Biracy-\n\nBoatman\n\nPiracy-\n\nLam nom chune\n\n39\n\nBoatman Piracy-\n\ntga\n\nJames\n\nCountry\n\nL\n\nVy\n\nDescriptive. List of the Indian and 24 Chinese\n\n+ Profession or Trade\n\nCrime-\n\nTerm of Transportation Pate of Sentence\n\nAuction/\n\nChina 30\n\n#\n\n41\n\nAntonio Francizes Instia\n\nWin Arling chun heari\n\nJung Arteen Wong Ayme-\n\nLove throug\n\nKing\n\nChow seen Nurk - Anjune\n\n30\n\n29. Seller of tobneer Burglary and Larceny-\n\n28:\n\nL\n\nNone\n\nLarceny\n\nStone Cutter\n\nRobbery with how-\n\nCorlic\n\nRobbery with Arms-\n\nCoolic\n\nStabbing with butent-\n\n15 Year!.\n\n#\n\n10 Years\n\nfor\n\n7 Years - 15th 9ee? 1849\n\nHeight\n\nFeet In\n\nGeneral Description\n\nRemarks\n\nmark on left check\n\n4 12 Large mark on\n\nfor 15 Years 15th 9ee2 1849 5 5½ Two ents on the forchend_\n\n54 dark completion ·\n\n15 Years-16th Febr. 1850 55 Cross cut on\n\nforehead.\n\n52% tine cuts on the head.\n\n5 0% one sear upon the read.\n\nPrisoners under Sentence of Transportation:-\n\n15\n\n15 Years-\n\n15 Years-\n\nLife\n\n16#\n\n&\n\nopil\n\nA\n\n\"\n\nLife\n\n#\n\n#\n\nMou; Ahfork, ulins Wong Calock\n\n29\n\nStone Cutter\n\nRobbery with Arms-\n\nLife\n\n#\n\n#\n\nChrong Shfakt\n\nCow Keeper\n\nRobbery with Arms-\n\nSom diwei fook\n\n138\n\nBontman\n\nPiracy-\n\n32\n\n30\n\n35\n\n|\n\n#\n\n29\n\n28\n\n#\n\n40\n\n28\n\nH\n\n30\n\n34\n\n#\n\n4\n\n29\n\nKung - Frekuen\n\nL\n\nchoi\n\ncheang, you chun chu hing Zic thynm\n\nGung Liz hehow\n\nGuns Arkeen\n\nThe Archong Fung Arhung Jam Ayou Chan Free\n\nA fork Chow drying Cheong Arening\n\n  \n    24\n    Trader\n    Boatman\n    Piracy-\n    Seller of Pork\n    Pracy-\n    Seller of Fick\n    Pirney_-\n    Fish\n  \n  \n    \n    Boatman\n    Piracy-\n    Boatman\n    Piracy-\n    Boatman\n    Piracy-\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    Boat builder\n    Burglary and Stabbing\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Victoria, Honghong, May 14#, 1850.\n    \n    Hawker\n    Burglary and Larceny-\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    \n    Seller of Fish\n    Pircvey-\n    Seller of Fish\n    Piracy-\n    Seller of Fish\n    Piracy-\n    Piracy-\n  \n  \n    \n    \n    Pracy-\n    \n    \"\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    \n    \"\n    #\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    \n    #\n    #\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    \n    #\n    Life\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    \n    \n    15 Years\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    \n    \n    10 Stars\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    \n    \n    Life\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    \n    \n    Life\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    \n    \n    Life\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    \n    \n    Life\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    \n    \n    Life\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    \n    \n    Life\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    \n    \n    Life\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    (True Copy)\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Marine\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    #\n    15\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    16\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    #\n    17\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    \n    #\n    17\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    \n    \"\n    #\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    \n    \n    24\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    \n    \n    #\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    \n    \n    \"\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    \n    \n    〃\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    \n    \n    #\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n\n5 I zear between the\n\nL\n\n5b Fair complexion-\n\n554 4 small sear on\n\neyes-\n\nright foot and head\n\n5 meclined to be greyheaded-\n\n5 3 Frie Complexion-\n\nJ\n\n0/2 Front\n\nupper teeth prominent.\n\n5 6½ small mole on under lip - 56 slightly pockmarked--\n\n5 8 Might\n\nJear tre\n\nleft eye-\n\n56 Fair complexion-\n\nTetonial keretary-\n\n5 3 Cut on back of head.\n\nCAL-\n\n5 4½ Jeep Lear ovL right ca 5 1½ sear on upper lip-\n\n5 4h Top of left\n\n55% Two cuts on\n\ncar elit.\n\nright\n\ncat-\n\n5 6 deeply prokmarked-\n\n52 Fair Complexion - 56.Mole\n\nupon left cheek. frow\n\n4 11½ Tur Cuts on\n\n(Signed) W. H. Mitchell\n\noffg. Sheriff",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-033 - General Stavely - Lieut. Governor - 1850 [5-8].txt",
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    {
        "id": 233169,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-042 - Sir Bonham - 1853 [1-6]",
        "page_number": 76,
        "title": "CO129-042 - Sir Bonham - 1853 [1-6]",
        "content_text": "Victoria Hong Kong,\n\nbis brace the duke of Fewenstie.\n\nActing Gerundermis,\n\n19th March, 1855.\n\nRecceived-\n\n18.\n\n/Incloure-\n\nSteamer Jemnitamis”\n\n20 Convicts to Ruang on 10th Instant, by S. S. V. Compaus\n\nReporting Transportation It\n\nInstleist\n\nPatlay:\n\narthies is only Gampoornation\n\n19 May.\n\nHigh Seas I see that several men convicted of Piracy and one of them of murder on the. except with Transportation for life.\n\nparticulars do not appear, and one is left to hope that there is no want of proper vigour in the administration of justice at Hong Kong.\n\n8 19 jany.\n\nthe\n\nIn 5299/53.\n\n1\n\nI scriptive Fist\n\n  \n    Age\n    Name\n    Country\n    Gears Mon\n  \n  \n    1.\n    Bapa Sieden.\n    Wony-Chice-for-\n     \n  \n  \n     \n    Chu Chuen sow.\n     \n     \n  \n  \n     \n    Chu ah.\n     \n     \n  \n  \n     \n    Jan chut lai\n    He Sing Kevar.\n     \n  \n  \n     \n    Soo Yung Sow=\n    Worry Nom Ming-\n     \n  \n  \n     \n    Chen Kan Low chov a look_\n     \n     \n  \n  \n     \n    Jam Ling Wah_\n    Joing the Leen-\n    Long ah lun\n  \n  \n    28\n    Malay\n    China ab\n    Seaman\n  \n  \n     \n    Jeanian\n    étuurder on\n    the high seas.\n  \n  \n     \n    Firacy-\n     \n     \n  \n\nList of 19 Chinese and One Malay\n\n  \n    Proffesion or Tracke\n    Crime\n    Prisoners under Sintince of Transportation.\n    Term of Gali Fright\n    Traius:\n    of\n    \"ortation sentence Fret fuches\n  \n  \n     \n     \n    1857\n     \n    General Fescribition.\n    74\n     \n  \n  \n     \n     \n    Amarks\n    with smallpox, Death recorded\n    Fife – 16\"\n    Tobry 5 q1⁄2 Marked about noue, Fife 15 lbs 51\n    sear on the lift calf-\n  \n  \n    23\n    Boatman.\n    Piracy.\n    1 Scar\n    Eight temple_\n     \n     \n  \n  \n    24\n    Seaman\n    Piracy\n    132\n    Seaman\n    〃\n    Piracy-\n  \n  \n    Life\n    3%\n    Boatman.\n    Piracy.\n    39\n    Seama\n    Piracy.\n  \n  \n    Site\n    5 21⁄2\n    #\n    34\n    Cook\n    Piracy\n     \n  \n  \n    22\n    Scanian\n    Birney.\n    Life-\n    témall black side on right side of thin\n     \n     \n  \n  \n    5.3 Szette\n    In Alote\n    very\n    over\n    Kher scars on\n    Encon\n    right check.\n  \n  \n    Tight Temple.\n    5: 2 very high chuck bones.\n    53 small sour over\n    Tightye\n    left, and\n    Co.\n     \n  \n  \n    -Do-\n    right eye.\n    22\n    Beatinan -\n    Pracy\n    |Life-\n     \n  \n  \n    5 14 long features\n    Co\n     \n    24\n    Fisherman\n    Borary\n     \n  \n  \n    Sife-\n    53 Kelvin faut qöfte\n    car, Ydcar over i\n    i lightige\n     \n    2/\n     \n  \n  \n    Beatinan —\n    Firacy.\n    Life-\n    v\n    For searson right aide of light Kure-\n     \n     \n  \n  \n    36\n    Firacy.\n    Site.\n    54 fue both wit in foot, lewer jaw\n    Pe.\n    Bing.\n     \n  \n  \n    mom doe\n    _\n    26\n    kaman\n    Bracy-\n    Be\n     \n  \n  \n    5 41⁄2 small dear clost in front of left ear\n    _\n    27\n    25\n    26\n    #\n     \n  \n  \n    |30\n    125\n    23\n    Man ute Chook-\n    Hong at ivey-\n    Lie Anway-\n    chaon foot Chun- Chay a chion.\n  \n  \n    Shai teen\n    ● you -\n     \n     \n     \n     \n     \n  \n\nSheriffs Office.\n\nVictoria, Hongkong, 8 March, 1853.\n\nEstonial Secretary.\n\n  \n    Stone Culler-Felony and Larceny -\n    16.\n  \n  \n    Boalinan.\n    Forary\n  \n  \n    Site.\n    10 years 15 bolle 5 24 inch mostred with flegging me back.\n  \n  \n    Qui: 52\n    Marked with small pox.\n  \n  \n    Goathe Tecrrelse –\n    Hawker-\n  \n  \n    Firency-\n    Size-\n  \n  \n    Boatman\n    Feracy.\n  \n  \n    Life\n    Boatman.\n  \n  \n    Highway Tobbery... Feracy with wenuding\n    Life\n  \n  \n    complexion.\n    524\n  \n  \n    کی کی بکر\n    Fife\n  \n  \n    52 Jear over\n    scar inside light thigh and\n  \n  \n    De Sorge season the lip of the heart-\n    16th Feby 5 3 Masked with\n  \n  \n    left eye-\n    the flogging\n  \n  \n    dark.\n    Pe\n  \n  \n    -the\n    the back\n  \n  \n    _\n    Do..\n  \n\n(Sone Copy)\n\n(Signed) W. H. Mitchell.\n\nSheriff, 40.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-042 - Sir Bonham - 1853 [1-6].txt",
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    {
        "id": 233228,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-042 - Sir Bonham - 1853 [1-6]",
        "page_number": 135,
        "title": "CO129-042 - Sir Bonham - 1853 [1-6]",
        "content_text": "78\n\n141\n\n1853\n\nJanuary 17th Fishing Boat\n\nJanuary\n\n#1\n\nSei foot tai Wong Kei\n\nPing hoi\n\nBoat and property - surt value?\n\n132\n\nWong\n\n4\n\n195\n\n#\n\n#\n\nMona Kone\n\nyou\n\n#1\n\n#\n\n28th Passage Boat\n\n35\n\n#\n\nde among\n\nChun\n\napson\n\n21st Trading Boat\n\nchun cryce\n\nLachen\n\nStanley Joong Koon\n\nCowloong\n\n7\n\nAberdeen\n\nMoney, clothing, He.\n\n出\n\n3144 Fishing Boat\n\nFebruary 18th\n\n#\n\nMarch\n\n#\n\n11\n\n#\n\nH\n\n98 Passage Boat 19th Fishing Boat\n\n1\n\n//\n\n#\n\n#\n\n\"\n\n5#\n\n#\n\n#\n\n127 Harbour Boat\n\n14. Fishing Boat\n\n#\n\n#f\n\n#\n\n##\n\n15th Trading Boat\n\nWong sung fung Poon ahon\n\nStanley\n\n#\n\nCanton\n\nSeu chen mun\n\nMacas\n\nchrong\n\nun\n\nyook\n\nMarozen\n\nKwock chorng boy Stanley\n\nLaong Koon hoy Ringhoi\n\naree\n\nChaong chow\n\nChun hing chuen Marcas\n\nKurek me sow\n\nChun afoo Lum atsak\n\nSto chan\n\nyun\n\nStanley Aberdeen\n\nHongkong\n\nMacas\n\nLe check chun hast Coast\n\nBost, and cargo of broken glass\n\nBrat & passengers baggage. not rained\n\nClothing, nets, to. Brat and property\n\nPassengers surney & baggage Boat and property -\n\n34\n\nClothing, and other articles. Money, Suns, bets, to..\n\nBoat and property - Money, rice, clothing be. Suongy, rice, Buns, clothing.\n\nBont and property -\n\n1000 piculs saltfish Gung, clothing. Murney, Cash, Cake, Guns,\n\nnot valued\n\n  \n    ato\n    K\n  \n\n1-3\n\n#\n\n19th Fishing Boat\n\nIs he hop.\n\n28th Passage Boat\n\n#\n\n26th Fishing Boat\n\n\"\n\n11th Trading Boat April 4th Fishing Boat\n\nChun Kwong sing HongKong\n\nchung asing Chu tuk choong Aberdeen\n\nStrong hak sing\n\nhast Coast\n\nKwork yoong yik Aberdeen.\n\nChaong chow\n\nBost Property Money, clothing, &c.\n\nChang chow\n\nBoat & Property\n\nSalt fish, clothing, money, Boat & property, charcoal\n\nBoat & property -\n\n2\n\n78.167",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-042 - Sir Bonham - 1853 [1-6].txt",
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    {
        "id": 233555,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-043 - Sir Bonham - 1853 [7-12]",
        "page_number": 64,
        "title": "CO129-043 - Sir Bonham - 1853 [7-12]",
        "content_text": "62\n\nTHE CHINA MAIL.\n\nCharitable laaits\n\n3.1.\n\nleads to the conclusiva that the expense\n\nIV—Provided always that all religious edifices, hospitals, jeme exempted from teries, and buildings strictly and exclusively appropriated tahari- of maintaining and extending it, if self- table purposes, and not being used as dwelling-houses, sall be imposed, would be less grudgingly paid, exempted from assessment under this Ordinance.\n\nGOVERNMENT NOTIFICATION.\n\nNotice is hereby given, that the exclusive right of dealing in laun, Betel, and torment of col with the advice of the excentive Council, shall have powers apment. Betel Leaf, in the Colony of Hongkong, will be disposed of to the highest bidder at: Public Auction on the 20th day of June, at the Office of the Chief Magistrate of Police.\n\n[1]\n\nBy order,\n\nVictoria, Hongkong, 31st May, 1845.\n\n16\n\nProvisions for the\n\nJoctors,\n\nCollectors to malo\n\npoint such officer or officers as may be deemed requisite for te col- lection of the Rate leviable under this Ordinence, allowing in or them as remuneration for this service such a per Centage at the Governor in Council shall seem fit.\n\npaper the Report of a Trial on Appeal\n\nWe have extracted from an Edinburgh before the Louse of Lords, the subject being one of great importance to alt British colonists. The statule establish- ing dutics on legacies equaily affects England and Scotland, and the present decision settles the law, that such duties are not payable on\n\nAnd be it hereby enacted and ordained, that as soon afer the casual reters and first day of January in each year as may be founul practicale, the pablish officer collecting the assesstrent under this Ordinance shall gepare a detailed statement exhibiting the sums collected during de pre- ceding year, and the said statement, duly attested by the said ficer, shall be inserted in some newspaper published within this Clony, officer for one month from and after the date of its publicatio\n\nby a person re\n\nVI—And be it hereby enacted and ordained, that the saf rate such property being subject to the law of\n\nsiding in one of its possessions abroad- Quarterly in advance shall be payable quarterly in advance, unless otherwise prefribed the colony where the deceased\n\nand directed, as hereinberare mentioned, and that it shall be charged ciled. This judgment is not only impor was domi- and chargeable on the lands, dwelling-houses, and premises repect- ively assessed, at the time of such assessment.\n\nand shall also be open to general inspection at the office & such | England, if bequeathed invested in\n\nException as to\n\ncapted, or used\n\nFREDERICK W. A. BRUCE,\n\nColonial Secretary.\n\n憲。 告\n\nRate payalde\n\nT\n\n赴人在榔茲\n\n賣\n\n辦正等港\n\n此堂物等\n\n事衙於處\n\n者署五招\n\n特 THAA\n\n示 於投十包\n\n是如六質\n\n該要巡簍在\n\n署包理葉\n\n投\n\nB\n\n# B &\n\nexetorted.\n\nN\n\n一千八百四十五年五月 三 十\n\n日\n\n年四月\n\n二十六日\n\nFJ\n\ntant to British colunists, but may be\n\nΠΟΣ\n\nnot unwillingly substitute the following from a correspondent:-\n\nof benefit to England, by encouraging\n\nAnd be it hereby enacted and ordained that the omber of investments there. So important aid the property mat let, or any land, dwelling-house, or premises assessed, which may fot be\n\nlet to any tenant, shall be deered the occupier thereof. privided this question, that though neither he always, that if such owner can shew that the property las nt been the other low lords entertained any inhabited for a period of three months or upwards in any year, he doubt, it was submitted as an A. B ques- shall be entitled to a proportional abatement of assessment leted on the same for the said year.\n\ntion to the Judges, because, as the law\n\nAppeal against as\n\nwas to be stated definitively, for the\n\nVIII—Provided always, that if any person from whom payment British Islande, and for all its colonies, esten der pay- of the assessment leviable under this Ordinance may have been the Lords deemed it proper that the meo the\n\ndemanded, and who shall have already paid in the amount demanded decision should have all the weight of him, ohjects to the demand on any other ground than that of which the concurrent opinions of the valuation, it shall be competent to such person, after payment of Judges and of the Lords could give it.\" the amount demanded, to appeal against such demand to the Chief' Justice of the Supreme Court at such time and place as the said:\n\nWe had proposed to give a short critique\n\nChief Justice may be pleased to direct, or that if any person be dissa on the Concert of Thursday last, but tisfied, or objects to any valustion to be made under this Ordinance on the ground of over-valuation, he or they may, within the period of three calender months after such valuation, or when the said Chief: Justice may appoint or direct, appeal to him against such valuation, and that it shall be lawful for him, if he deem it advisable or neces- sary to have any three persons taken from the existing let of special jurors to assist him in ascertaining the question of value which may arise on\n\nDistricts may be\n\nIX—And be it further enacted and ordained, that it shall and n any such appeal. may be lawful for the said Governor, with the advice of the said Executive Council, to exempt such districts or portions of the said Island from the operation of this act, or from the payment of the said rates, as to him and them may seem advisable.\n\nX—And be it hereby enacted and ordained, that un asessment made under the authority of the Ordinance shall be impeached or affected by reason of any mistake in the name of any person liable to assessment, or of any thing chargeable with assessment, provided the directions of this Ordinance be in substance and effect complied with.\n\nclause.\n\nTriplomatic Department.\n\nGOVERNMENT NOTIFICATION.\n\nHis Excellency Her Majesty's Plenipotentiary and Chief Superintendent of British Trade, &c. &c., is pleased to direct that the sunexed Circular to the address of Her Majesty's Consuls in China he published for general information.\n\nBy order,\n\nVictoria, Hongkong, 31st May, 1845.\n\nCIRCULAR No.\n\nADAM W. ELMSLIE.\n\nVictoria, Hongkong, 31st May, 1845.\n\nI have to acquaint you, that I have received the Commands of Her Most Gracious Majesty, conveyed through the Right Honourable the Earl of Aberdeen, sanctioning and confirming Ordinance No. 6 of 1844, intituled, An Ordinance to authorize the execation of the Process of the Supreme Court of Hongkong in certain Parts within the Dominions of the Emperor of China.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed)\n\nJ. F. DAVIS.\n\nTrue Copy:\n\nADAM W. ELMSLIE,\n\nTo Her Britannic Majesty's Consul at\n\nTisle.\n\nPreamble.\n\nClovernor to p\n\nIsland.\n\nHONGKONG,\n\nANNO OCTAVO, VICTORIE REGINE. No. 2 of 1845.\n\nBy His Excellency JOHN FRANCIS DAVIS, Esquie, Go- vernor and Commander-in-Chief of the Colony of Hongkong jad its Dependencies, lur Majesty's Plenipotentiary and Chief Sperin tendent of the Trade of British Subjects in China, with the idvice of the Legislative Council of Hongkong.\n\nAn Ordinance to raise an assessed Rate on Janda, houses, and premises, within the Colony of Hongkong, for the upholding of the requisite Police Force therein.\" WHEREAS it is deemed expedient and necessary that the Colony of Hongkong should defray the Expenses attendant on the upholding and maintaining the Police force thereof.\n\n--Be it therefore enacted and ordained by the Governor of point haters of the Hongkong, with the advice of the Legislative Council thereof that lands. house it shall and may be lawful to and for the said Governor, with the mies within the advice of the Executive Council, from time to time to appoint two ar more persons for the purpose of estimating the annual vaide of the lands, houses, and premises within the said Island, or within any particular district thereof, which shall be in the tenure or occupation of any person or persons; and the said valuator or valuators shall, when thereunto required, make a retum in writing and on oath of such valuation to the said Governor and Coureff; and also at the time of having valued each property respectively, he proprietor thereal, a written Notification of their having made such or they shall leave or cause to be left with some inmate or the valuation, sod of the Amount thereof.\n\nIl—And be it further enacted and ordained that for the purposes of this Ordinance, the said Governor and Council may cause a new valuation to be made annually.\n\nILL--And\n\nValuation may be made anually.\n\nAssessment to he Trade on the d\n\nJyment, andromedy for nonpayment.\n\nbe\n\n|\n\nInterpretation\n\nAnd be it further enacted and ordained, that this Ordinaner shall come into operation and take effect, from and after the first day of Julf next ensuing.\n\nPassed the Legislative Council of Hongkong this 93d day of May, 1845. ADOLPHUS E. SHELLEY,\n\nClerk of Councila.\n\nJ. F. DAVIS, Governor, &c., &c.\n\nour present rulers every thing will be done with the utmost economy: but that does not affect the principle, against which we conter.d.\n\nThe right of the mercantile commu- pity to a voice in the Legislative Council has frequently been urged, not, we think, with much force of reason; for until the revenue of the colony is sufficient to pay its expenses, we do not ace that the in- habitants can claim representation as a right, and upon any other grounds it\n\nMessrs Fiebig and lavac's Concert took place according to announcement on Thurs day evening last, and the attendance was in very respect calculated so answer the ex pectoris of the originators, who well de Berve encouragement for their attempt to the ennuyés of Victoria. afford an evening's rational entertainment to deservedly applauded for his brilliant ex\n\nM. Rarac was eeution of the very difficulty picces allotted to him, sad met with an unanimous encore in the Caroival of Venice.\" His notes are remarkably clear and expressive, and by a himself of a few mannerisms, he might with little attention to his style, in order to divest study become a first rote performer on this most difficult of instruments. M. Fiebig was not so felicitous; his well known skill and tirely unworthy of his efforts. The \"Bella\" execution, were expended on a theme on- he dimittel. le proved himself to possess\n\na correct judgment and highly cultivated\n\ntaste, by the simple yet appropriate manner in which he accompanied M. Ravac, instead of displaying in mastery over the instrument by profuse ornament, at the expense of the melody itself, a fault too common among musicisms. The programme was a striking example of the lied taste which is unfortu Dately I too prevalent in the days with thrown aside for the modern Italian school, regard to music. The great masters are new The Messiah must give place to the Stabal Mater, and Iton Giovanni to Don Pasquale. Verily, Rossint, Donizetti, Belliei, Pacini, Auber, &o, ae but peor substitutes for Handel, Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven, Weber, Fiebig and Barac should favour the inhabi tots of Victoria with another Concert, or Gluck, Cimarosa, or Parsiella. If Messrs\n\neven a series of Concerts, and we think they have ample encouragement for so doing, what\n\nTHE CHINA MAIL.\n\nHONGKONG, THURSDAY, 8TH JUNE, 1245. Is another part of to-day's paper will be found an important Ordinance by the Governor in Council for assessing the inhabitants with the expenses of the Police establishment. The advantages\n\nwhich the community derive from a well organized system of police are so self-evident, that a reason- able rate for its support is perhaps one of would be worse than useless. the few direct taxes that in civilized the case is different with municipal of his great countryman the composer of countries are submitted to without affairs. Here, it is proposed that the Fidelio, or M. Ravac delighting his auditors de tot anticipate whole charge of upholding the police or Vietti; and, if the prevailing taste is so that even those who, like ourselves, should be defrayed by the inhabitants, strongly expressed in favour of modera with the touching compositions of Corelli maiorain that it is a mistake\" policy who thereby, we conceive, establish a music, let us have it good at least, something to overburden the youthful energies of just claim to avail themselves of the con- by Spohr, Cherubini, Mendelssolu, er the colony with taxation, will find much stitutional right of British subjects to be Beyerbeer, for instance. to complain of in being called upon consulted both as to the levying and dis- to contribute their quota for uphollingposal of the fund. In London, though\n\nmormer; and WH\n\na treat it would be for a true lover of nute to hear M. Fisbig displaying his taste nad But exception on some of the majestic sinfonias\n\nPEKING GAZETTE.\n\nhridegroom was\n\nthat\n\nthe force requisite for the protection, nearly one-fourth of the expenses of the health, and comfort of the community. police establishment is paid out of the Con-rial Princess with one of the Mangal chieft THE COURT—The marriage of an Imps- amble of the Ordinance, we conocive to watch over the interests of the rate But though we thus concur in the pre-solidated Fund, there are commissioners has given rise to not a little trouble. The that its enacting clauses are objectionable peyers; and in Edinburgh and (ilasgow, riage celebrated without delay, and he mast defining the power and jurisdiction of the assessment on the inhabitants, they at- to the customary rule, directed that astronu- on two grounds, First, not clearly where the whole amount is raised by an\n\nan early day should be fixed for the core. police, a term of wide signification, and Dually elect representatives,\n\nmony. The Emperor, however, according which in the three United Kingdoms to the sale power of determining the per Board, to ascertain when the heavens would\n\nwho have made to include very different classes of centage, as well as its appropriation. be propitions for the celebration of the nup mical observations should be made by the functions. The Ordinance does not in- These Commissioners have, properly, tials. Unfortunately the members of the for us whether this preventive branch judicial functions; but except that the Board ware not mautious in reading the of justice is to be rendered so efficient in appointment of Superintendent is lodged agus of the stars, and after a great many Hongkong as to supersede the necessity in other hands, they are onnipotent calculations, drawing of horoscopes, and con- for the individual tax which the inhabi as regards the extent and remunera tants have hitherto been compelled totion of the force, as well as in all that persofthe day, they fixed on the 23d April at submit to in maintaining private watch relates to lighting, cleansing, removal\n\nthree o'clock in the morning as the most tion is the more pointedly directed by arrangements of the fire brigade. And at that hour. This is said to be the earliest men--a circumstance to which our atten- of nuisances and obstructions, and the able for that ceremony. The Royal pair joined in drinking from the nuptial cup the intimation from the Chief Magistrate we which appeared in the Cuts MALL only Geomy, these matters are nowhere the celestial empire,\n\nbelieve that in efficiency and hoar at which a marriage has taken place in better managed out of London, if indeed The King of Korea has again asked the the metropolis is an exception. tants who might consider them worth $10\n\nEmperor to sanction is marriage with one a-month. It seems necessary to under-there aced be no fear about the sua patent for that pa pose. The Emperor Were such a plan adopted in Hongkong, of the damsels of the Court, and to grant but stand whether we are to have a police ciency of the supplies, and we should look have hitherto been carried by a body of so generally effective as to supersede the confidently to a gradually improved sys Mandarins deputed by the Emperor for has acceded to his requeat. Such documents\n\na fortnight ago, tendering the services of\n\na night constahle to any of the inhabi-\n\nsultatious with the most celebrate! philosu-\n\nThis will add\n\nit further enacted and ordained, that for the purpose valiation and provi. of levying the said rate, a per Centage at such an amount in the sic:t for periods of hundred as muy annually be determined on by the Governor with the payment, notice of advice of the Executive Council, not exceeding such a sum as sball assessment, period of be equal to the expenses of the Palice establishment, shall be as- necessity for private watchmen, or if, betem from the suggestions of a body of that purpose, but on the present occasion a sessed and paid in respect of every such valuation by the occapier sides this heavy tax, we are to be called judicious and interested commissioners, single civilian only has been despatched or owner of cach parcel of ground, house, or building, within such upon to contribute to the support of a Protection of life and property, sanatory with it to the Prince. time and times as the said Governor, with the advice of the said Council, shall direct, or as is hereinafter provided. In the absence of auch direction and in default of the same being so paid, it shall be Jawful for any person or persons oppainted to collect the suid tax to apply to the Chief Magistrate of Police of the Island, who shall, on satisfactory proof of the same having been duly demanded and being due and\n\nJunsatisfied,\n\ngrant his Warrant to levy the same by distress of any goods on or in the lands, houses, or premises so rated; and that any such\n\nrate, while unpaid, shall be a lien on the property so assessed, or charged therewith, Provided always that when and so often as any assessment shall be made on any such valuation, the particulars and nature of such assessment shall be published in one or more public newspapers of the said Colony.\n\nforee, which, from the intimation alluded regulations, and whatever tends to the another Queen to the numerous Ilarem to, it may be inferred the authorities do comfort and convenience of the public, of bis Royal Highness. not consider to be entirely efficient. are matters of imperative necessity, Tau Lord Mayor of Puking reported, that The other objection we have to the acknowledged by every friend to public beavy showers of snow had fallen in the measure is that the inhabitants are not safety and good order; and the adminis-, during the beginning of March; and allowed a voice in fixing the rate, or tration of the law for securing these ends be looked for, he suggests that a day of public as a good wheat harvest might accordingly io determining the modo in which it is to be applied no other limit being pro- those of the community who are to enjoy Emperor has received his suggestion favour\n\ncan never be placed in better hands than thanksgiving should be appointed. The posed than what may seem to the Co-the benefits, and who are caliel upon to ally. vernor, with the advice of the Executive contribute the means of securing then, Council, sufficient for upholding or main- Without forgetting or under-vaining the taining any extent of force that may he salutary efforts of our rulers to provide an appointed. We have no doubt that with organized protective force, experience\n\nSome Mandarins, of high rank, arrived\n\nfrom Kwang-tung and Yan-an, whose baggage consisted of no less than one thou- ordinary quantity, they were interrogated sand packages. This being rather an\n\nBA-\n\nas to the contents, and the reply that they contained letters and despatelies for the tribunals, no being satisfactory, they were ordered to he opened and inspected. Ten were found to contain documents, but the contents of the remaining 990 have not been made public.\n\nP\n\nOn releasing the Petit Jary from their long and fatiguing labours the fan. Recorde complimented them on the zeal and jade ment which they had displayed, and his Honour stated, that he coincided in every verdict they had given.\n\nlfonso of Lorda, February 17. THOMSON LORD ADVOCATE OF SCOTLAND.\n\nTHE CHINA MAIL.\n\nSITTING OF THE SCPI Colar, 2 June, 1945,\n\ndesired to name a son, he named 105 dollars,\n\n63\n\nA difter-\n\nstating the Admiral's desire to pay any c FOREIGN Goops with a Britist Chance- munendon for the services of the vossal\n\nT—During the past year numerous in- which Matheson might think G and stonees have occurred of goods buying bren (From the Hongkong Register] This was a writ of error against a judg\n\nA Special Jury was empanneled for thre meat of the Court of Exchequer in Scotland trial of an action raised as the instance of the manensient, but expressed his willingness to\n\nreason. Mr Matheann refused any ve brought to this country for home use or ex- The facts of the case are those John\n\nportation to foreign puits, with labek attach- Grant, a person born in Scotland, but who Crown against the Editor of the Friend of acccptacy couneration on the part of the ed, giving, or purporting to give thean, a had left that cuantry sad become domiciled: Ching, for the publication of the following\n\ncrew might think proper. When desired British character in a foreign market s in Demerara, died in that colony, in the\n\nto name a sum, be said, the Admiral may this, if allowed, would be highly detrimental Article in his 'isue of the 13th July last, Treasurer Tang-ting-ching, the late Gover-year 1887. He had acquired considerate, which was alleged to contain a libel against think very different from us and being to the British manufacturer, the goods have nor of Canton, and who will probably property while in Demerara, and had trans- Sir Thomas Cochrane:-\n\nin every instance been detained by the Reve- reesive the first van Governorship, osmitted saare portion of it to Scotland, at It will be in the all-rtion of many of our The letter M Me Matheson stated that the me officers, as being impuited contrary to recommended his inferiur officers, whe no- the time of his death, a banking house there Loaders, that Her Majesty's ship Wolf, got on a schooner had been detained 18 hours in conve the provisions of the act in that regard; the terially assisted bin in clearing large trace held property of his to the amount of\n\nbank somewhere below Woosneg, and has for the quence of the service rendered to the Wolf only relief given having been that the goods of land in Kan-sub, to the notite of govera- £18,000. Probate of his will was taken timely aid of the Schooner Fetes, Capt. Caer, sier Goddard in addressing the Jury for Mr have been allowed to be returned to the purt ment, as worthy of promotion.\n\nont in Scotland, by tho present appellant, as\n\nwould have been obliged to acrifice he cons and Carr, ill be felt eansiderable difficulty of shipment, the labels or other mode of in shot before she curld here'got n The Wolf took appearing before them in such circumstances.fringement having been firstromovel. These bis executor, and payment of the money due\n\nthe bank at high water, mud and not possibly have Mr Cur bad been accused of publishing a labels have usually contained the Royal arms having boea brained, in was transmitted to It is with touch regret we learn, from a\n\nbocu fiased again, without grandly reducing the dead hel, \"toulously, winkedly, and malicious of Enghel, will the name, in English, of Demerara. The law officers of the Crown weight on board. Then fast descried by the Fern, y\" Mr Carr, he believed, knew very little the importer in London, or other place in lang memorial of Lea, Governor-Genersi of\n\nclaimed from the executor the son of £1800 ahr, the Way had a sign.d of distress lying, ani Che-eang and Fo-keen, that the rise arup as legacy duty duo from him in respect of there can be no doubt that, hack it came in to be high and in these seas Sir Thomas, except on a person holding a the United Kingdom, ss the case may be, the in Pormasa hoe failed, also that the Granary the property of the testator existing in Scot- whilst she was lying in a mitical position, she\n\nname and description of the contents bring is now exhausted, and that the price of grain Lad. The case went before the Court of\n\nwand ham gore bo pres. The Pinot Pan niongailia, however, in this case did not act as a judge, also given in the English language, evidently is daily rising in Fo-keen. Leu has ardered Exchequer in Scotland, where Ford Gillies and took out all ver artament, 15 send 41,42 th. The ly Judge of Admiralty here is the intending to envey the impression in a extensive purchases to be made in Che-keang delivered a judgment declaring that the\n\nshot, and it was net wat relieved of this weight clut | Lord Chief Justice. Neither does he accuse foreign market that the goods were of British and other places, and wishes that the public legary duty as payable in the manner de ser altercaties fabu to the her guns overhard, either in his publie or his private character, time since of a parcel of esses containing se again loated; without this since she had no bin ofhay rbing eriminal, or of an offence mamifacture. An instance occurred a short granaries should be opened.\n\nmanded. The prosent writ of error was then brought. The ease bad been argued vage, and before any Adiralty socte sum\n\nor go to pisees on the ink. This is a clear case of which implied guilt. He never acted him paper for letter-writing being brought for of coruption. He only accuses him that he CANTON—Rumour states that the light two years ago, and now came on again for awarded the Foren for for aid would be siderable.\n\nexportation, etch sheet of paper having thos was not so bieral as he ought to be, A\n\nword Barle\" primed in the usual manner at ning struck the palace of Lieutenant-Gver. argument by one counsel on a side.\n\nAt the time the affair occurred, tar Admisal Sir Me Kelly, on the part of the appellant\n\ncriminal libel has been filed against Mr Carr, the left hand corner, and the packages them- nor [wang, and damaged, bis snutf-box. Themas Duebrang was at Chusni, when it arced. In consegnace of the way the accusation selves containing the paper the Brilish aras This, it is said, has made so strong an impres¦ (Mr Anderson was with him,) fosisted that between him are the Cipam of the Vares, that the has been brought, he was pot to great ex- einblazoned thereon. They were, of course, sion upon the grandee, that he has since been the legacy duty was not payable here. The question: of compensation atould be lett open ancil duty was demanded under 36 Geo. III, c. wrapt in deep thought and revery.\n\nSir 1 homas Cochrane avtored to this enlony. Altor penser, as the frown pays on costs; and if immediately detained, and application WAY he seeds, as I aux sure he will, he will made for permission to retard them to the 152, sec. 2, which enacted, that all legacies Thonan return, the cwners generaly waived\n\nabove the amount of £20, given by any will\n\nall claims fre salvage, marely requesting the Rear rill here to pay all his own expenses. Be port of shipment, but the intention in this (From the Singapore Free Press, 1st May.) or testamentary instrumcat, shoald pay le-\n\nAdmiral to remouense the Captain and eve for their sides the case has been deferred from time instance being so evident, the goods wer The Criminal Sessions were finished on gacy duty. Fe submitted that thang those elite similar te their own, Sir Thomas Cachane on long ago. Fir Thomas might have put ed, which was accordingly done,\n\ntrouble, never doubling then retunded by a spirit to time, whereas it might have been brought ordered to be seized and the parties prosecut Saturday Jast, the 28th ult. having lasted words were of the most extensive and gene rash hudumaly reward de vore of Fist himself into the witnesa box, and so might ence is made where the name and inscription four weeks, 18 persons were discharged on ral kind, the aut did not apply out of Great Majesty's slig. In doing thy they committed a Mr Waller, and thee we should have had an on the label is in the French or other foreign Saturday, no witnesses coming forward Britain. The aut could not extend even to\n\ncapital cere, to who justice and magnanimity opportunity of seeing what was right and language, although the British armus may be against them. No blame attaches to the our colonies, without some word expressly ey had entrusted the liquidatio of the cases what was wrong, or at least we should have Police in this instance, as the parties had including them, and there were no anche Captain and are of the Kareemid not fi\n\nengraved thereon, it being considered that words here. That being the case, the gene print much ganeanu facdage, and taking advantage\n\nhad an opportunity to cross-examine them, the act is not thereby infringed in const- been regularly bound over to appear nord\n\nquence. Timca. give evidence. In some cases there is leral rule of law applied that the personal pro- of the antideles is displast, he offered to award and of proving that Mr Matheson was not informed of the facts. Mr Bradshaw, the doubt that bribery has been resorted to inperty followed the fair of the domicile of its all $10, in the proportion of $4 for the quain\n\nfirst officer of the Fire, was on beard when I\n\nTHE HOPELESS SESSION. order to keep back evidenco. In van oase, a owner, and consequently as the domicile of $20 Ckiy Oficer; $16 Gunnar; $1 each for the Crew- charge of murder, the widow of the murder the testator here was Demerara, the low of take advantage of us Iter &iral's meannes, ant dewee was tatran in this court before a Com\n\nWe need actualy gette tha: Catón Carr would not the Wulf hoisted sigands of distress: his evi-\n\nWhat change has come over the public ed person, though she had appeared before that place unst govern the administration of\n\nwithin these few years Where be all the in is instance Her Majesty's ship has got off missioner. Mr Carr did not ferret out the the Grand Jury, was not to be found when his assets. Prubate but necessarily been fie fad the Fizen been the party cunt talon out in Scotland, because the Bankers\n\neager conjectures regarding the grent mea cireunastanees; \"hey were brought to him by the case came on for trial.\n\nwan in expardy unit the readers a Captain Carr, who complained of the waut Parliament aas supposed to lie pregnant? sares with which to coming session of who were the debtors had not honestly paid aquistanes, we would have had the matter certleil 1\n\nof liberality. F. M's Ships are generally People do not even take the treble to fore had been paid, but the claim here was what was due, and the probate duty there a very different mumer. Sie Thores mental op-\n\nvalued at £1000 per gan-the Wolf has 18 So which at times appear scleri -wor for legacy duty, which was clearly not pay\n\nguess what may be coming. Suficient for guns, nod may, therefore he vained at able As a very strong instance of the mis\n\nLeco fally opened to the importance of the service,\n\nThe day is the evil thereof. They will see and if such a question were left to his award, wo har 18,000, and for saving her 100 dollars are\n\nthe debates when they begin. Public emio- chief that would arise if the doctrine now\n\nIf Sir Thomas close to take ou nat the slightest doubt that the which awardedi. contended for by the Crowe could be sup\n\nsufficient for the 'em, would hure aweled bits himself the office of fixing the reward, be it is as languil is the opening of St A Chinese was executed on Monday week ported, it was only necessary to mention this\n\nchongauls for the War. We regret exeedingly to\n\nought to have exercised the strictest care to Stephen's as it has long been at the opening for murder. He taule a long speech when case, Suppose an Englishman resident They injure the dignity of the series not a litte: Carr, hearing that Sir Thomas was about to\n\nnatice such a crtions is the me now mantined. make himself acquainted with the facts. Mr of the patent theaires, No new pieces are the scaffold, protesting is innocence, abroad, or a foreigner traded with a person\n\nronounced as in preparation. Somo leading danouncing the witnesses against biu for in England, and at the death of the former a\n\nand alcough no thinking man would jrdys unferour-\n\nactors have cutired, and no onw ones ara commener an action against him, made every advertised. Nobody asks wht is to succeel perjury and threatening to beat them bill of exchange accnpted by the person io\n\nably of those whose merits Eater zee: so often tested, enquiry, in order that if he had done wrong. Lol Stanley in the Tybalt line, or Mr in conacquence of the lile minded actions of their afer his death. He acquitted the Judge this conmry was ranning, no parment of peat Chief, we are bound to acolodge, that to\n\nbe might rearess it by making an ample adstone in the heasy tragedy. There are and fury of all blame, as they had only acted that bill of exclange could be made without\n\napology but the more he did enqore, the to be rehearsals on Monday at Sir Robert the thoughtless and ipsmant, such tr.les uvey an according to the evidence, and be declared a deduction from the legacy duty. No one unfavourable, though file impression of the nasal stronger be found the facts. To costine Peri's (in full dress) and the Dake of Well- that in order to remove all cars from the cook pretend that a rale so mischievous to chare. Si Theme Cochrane, if we recoller Jibel it most the show that the party is Judge's mind, he, the prisoner, would bang commerce could exist, and the Hanse must, right, has been a candidate for parliamentary hưn charged with something that is criminal.ington's but the maies of the pinses in himself and he accordingly placed his head in therefore, act on the Authorities already des\n\npar: once, at least, he stood for a seaport, Mr Bradshaw's evidence is to this effect has invited his friends to be early in their\n\npreparation are not asked. the balter. He was very collected, and took cided, which had settled that the law of the\n\nthe pret buffetini inhalants of which are slip The Wolf was in great distress, firing gutus, attendances but the Opposition Fader a polite leave of those near him by bowing place where the testator died nust goverato distinguish himself in the nature of his country dwares; should the gallant Adunai ever again sek\n\nand baving her ensign with the Uniou down, ems to dust whether it is worth the to them, and at last, shaking hands with the the adutinistration of his personal property.\n\nThe Fire stood in and sent her boat to the while of his friends to we trust the affair we matrate will be prestained off to offer assistance. The Fixes had a 'Comeli whether it is worth tas while ot come, and Mr exceptioner, was launched off.\n\nThe Solicitor-General (with whom was bit the hastings, as we ate afrail would shin large pantity of specie on board. She re- bis to stay away. The Three Mays convinted of the rauder Me Crompton) did not deny the existence of in the eyes of any consergy intarestol in the\n\nThe tradesmen evince ceived 16 guns and 500 shut, and he consime animation in farbisting up the Houses, of Captain RBIsos of the Bluck twt, were some general rule as to the law of domicile, mesutile -hipping of Geet Britain.\" executed on Saturday last, and acknowledged but cuntended that it had nothing to do with\n\ndered the Voit would have been in extreme The following were the Jurymen on the\n\nand the grooms in exercising the cream- their guilt.\n\na case like the present. The principle of case,Thos. Jones, Esq., Duacan Flether, danger bl a gale come out. law that raust govern this case was, that Es, Angus Fletcher, Bay. F. T. Bush, Esq. aliona tendency to prevent others from giving pervade th actors and spectatus. Never coloured horses of the state-carriage; int TheJulge here asked, \"had not this public with these exceptions, apathy and langu where the property was balaistered the J. Leffler, Esq. and George Findlay, Esq. TRULY SEAMAN-LIKE CONDUCT. Captain legacy duty must be paid. If there had beeu The attorney-fineral in opening the case chassistance?—Mr Goddard said he thought before it the public appear to expect so Captain Caldwell, fate of the ship Durchester, of a specifs appropriation of the property in stated that this was an information on the ! \"xpressly the reverse, as it showedsuch per- little from a session will it be possible to Boston, tas pebliched the following amount: Sotland, this rule would not have applied, part of the Queen, to defend the character\n\nsous their age would be taken up by the press disappoint that little? Our faith in the Mr Bradshaw's videuce was then read. disappointing powers of Parliament is great. Captain Brition, of the Rochester, fell ja | but there was no appropriation The money of Sir Thomas Cochrane, who had awarded with the Dorchester at sea, a pertent Greek, recoveral there formed part of the general a sum of 100 dollars for services rendered and at great hazard rescued her officers, crew, assets, and was therefore liable to the lagney by the Fire to the off, as the fall salvage\n\nto an anchor near her. She had 144,000 severely trial-Sperlotur. and passengers from an untimely fate. duty. He contended that all the cases which claimed that Mr Car, well knowing the Caphan Caldwell says, \"The Rochester was bad been dated on this subject did not premises, took the occasion to vilify the stroring a course which would bare carried touch the subject of duncile, but related Commander-in-Chief as having acted aritra her about three miles north of us. The mo❘ wholly to that of the appropriation artit that when services were rendered to H. M. Barisfied with the award—He thinks the ons example of official economy. A crea-\n\nor non- rily, haughtily, and unjustly, and to state\n\nLouis Philippe's Ministers have get a tort- ment the wreck was seen, the course of the appropriation of the property, The Rochestor was altered for one directly for us. gentleman farther contended, that where a Ships, no adequate reward would be paid, remuneration illiberal, and injurious to other tion of Peers was intended, and the names of At that time,\" said Captain Britton to one party acted in the discharge of dutios of To this charge Mr Care at Girst pleaded vessels requiring assistance—Thorew help the Pencs were almost authoratively an afterwards, I had no idea that there could administration to a deceased person, the Not Guilty, but to-day he has added as a to take the guns, &c., on board—Witness nounced. Thone persons, of course, would be a living being on board of her; but I legacy daty is payable in respect of the money farther plea, that all he had stated was true, did so, and was powell in consequence—The be bound to Ministers for the coming session; have made it au invariable rate through life, he received and dealt with in that charseter, and published for the benefit of the pallie acevant in the Friend of China was not enig but what a waste of the coin of Court fa whenever I see a wreck, to get as near her The Lord Chancellor put the following Hy was aware that whenever there was angered The Fizen was detained 24 hours- vour! Ministers take second thought, and A. Matheson, Esq., being called as a vit postpone their creation until after the dis- as possible, and ascertain all I can about her, questions to the Judges:A B., a British Fattempt to check such objectionable publica- and make sure that there is nobody aliva on subject, born in England, resided in a Bri- tions, there was raised an outery that it was\n\nnews and sworn, deposed, that the Fizm be-\n\ncussion on their whole policy in the Cham- board before I leave her. We supposed, hetish colony, made his will, and died domiciled for the purpose of curbing the fibres and the chip of Jardine, Matheson, & .. hers. This is the true economy: every sup\n\nawarded nothing to the Crew continued, it was some timbership which there. At the time of his death debts were Press. The Government bero had no wish\n\nporner will wat himself down for a peerage, Secretary of Sir Thomas Cochrane called and each one prize will attract many gamblers had been drifting about here for months;awing to him in England; his executor in to do so.--an ollicer discharging the high and wished him to do so—the Viren bad for it. As if to show practically that the but resolving that I would adhere to my rule, England collected these debts, and out of duty of Admiral, and in this case acting as a I altered my course, although we all thought the money he collected paid legacies to cars\n\nJudge of the Admiralty, is complained of it useless at the time. Thus, by following tain legatees in England are such legacies a partial statement of the frots is brought the service rendered by hue was very made one sample Peer—M. Jaubert, an Op. this noble rule, Captain Britton was the able to the payment of the legacy daty? forward; for if the whole facts had been slight, and the crew were not employed at positionist. Spectator.\n\nAll—Captati Care was not satisfied with the mexas, in the hauds of God, of saving the He had fransed the question in this general stated. Sir Thomans Cochrane would have\n\nAdmiral's award, but did not ask witness's lives of 45 human beings, and in the circle of form, beranse the statute equally affected suffered no damage. A persoa in such vir-\n\nadvice as the course he ought to punue their friends and acquaintance, of making the England and Scotland,\n\ncumstances ought not to be so negligent as hearts of hundreds sing for joy. Captain The Judges requested short time to to pablish partial statements. The Admiral he is the assistance he gave was very im- portaut—Mr Waller did not make his state- Britton received me on board \"his ship with consider their answer. They retired for is charged with gross partiality and verup-\n\nment a upoo bis own knowledge, but na a welcome and a shake of the hand which this purpose, and at the end of about half an tion as a judge. You\" (the Jury) will not\n\nwhat he noderstood--Witness thinks that ac went to the heart, and spoke at once the sea- hour returned, when\n\nfail to perceive the motive on the face of the man and the gentleman. So long as memory Lord Chief Justice Tindal read their article.\n\ncording to Captain Carr's statement of the ser Will you ever believe chat Sir\n\nvices reutered, 100 Dollars was ootanfficient, retains her seat, I shall not forget his kind- answer, to the effect that, though the words Thomas was influenced by such motives, and ness. Taking me into his cabin, Consider,' of the statute could not apply everywhere, that this was published for the beaclit of the\n\nCross-examined by the Attorney-General said he, everything here at your service, the principle which ran through all the le public, and not to gratify some private feeling saw nothing on the part of Sir Thomas or Here are my clothes, use as many of them asided case was, that the domicile of the de- against him? It may produce the most\n\nMr Waller to lead him to believe they wished you need. And such was his treatment of ceased party gave the law which regulated prejudicial effoot for if this article is ciroz\n\nto retreat from their offer to give a proper us votil we arrived at New York, and then, the distribution of the personal property; lated among the mercantile wavy here, should remuneration. When asked to manie a sunt, witness said high Government officers were said he, Here is my purse at your service this ride was not affected by the situs of the another of Her Majesty's Ships got inte\n\nften stingy, and he believed Sir Thomas was for what moung you need? flow different personal property itself, or by the place tu similar circumstances, it would deter them the result, and how diferent must be the fee which the administrator received that pras from residering their services. I have au particular trouble. ings of Captain Britton from what they porty, and that, consequently, the law appli- thing to say against the serving rendered by\n\nThe Attorney-General said that Sie Thomas was of necessity discharging an office of high wonid have been, if he bad passed by and re-cable to this case was the law of the colony the Vire taking out guts, shat, &n. ported, Lat. 50 N., long. 20 W, saw a ship, where the deceased was domiciled at the This, I admit, it was a clear caso of salvage, Ministerial duty, se at that time there was no Totally dismasted, sea, making a complete time of his death, and was not the law of Sir Thomas bad to wish to deny this. Te Court of Admiralty here, breach over her: weather equally, and im England, consequently that the legacy daty said to his Secretary, Mr Waller, I know The Judge, in susuming up the case, said ing on night; could ascertain nothing further was not payable here.\n\nnothing of this case you will call on Methe bel was divided into two parts first a that the Lord had sent at thers to marry her, abour ber. Such are too often the reports, The Lord Chancellor expressed his fall Matheson and learn what be claims.\" Mrtement of facts, and secondly a commen! Betty, without much hesitation, replied,The but I hope we shall see no more of them. coneurrence with this opinion, and went Waller did call, and Mr Mathieson very tary on these facts. The first was passed Lord's will be done.\" Edinburgh Evening Courant.\n\ninto a very exact examination of the cases liberally refused to receive anything. Mr over. It was for the Jury to judge if there\n\nThe Premier\n\nThe Fixes was ordered by the Wolf to conte but on the present vesion they will be Tarls of silver on hoard. Thinks it was in\n\nsequence of the relief afforded by her that\n\nthe Wolf got off. Two vessels bave sincr bero wrecked there. The crew were all dis-\n\nHOW TO MAKE A PEERAGE GO VURTHEST,\n\nnot then returned to Hongkong Me Waller competition is open to all, Ministers have\n\nAN AMRICAN CONE AND 19 Swann, A Colonel of the Chised Sanes Army having rofused to obey the esmuunds of his superior cfficer, with sentenced by the courbeartial in↔ be deprised ní his sword for one month.\" On his weapon being demanded of her, he aroes, and in the mud gale and solema amer declared, that he didn't own one: that the sword be had been accustomed to wear Giln't being to him; but he had no dobi Mr Baker, the jeweller, f whow be hired it B waining days, would int it to the Court for the re quired mouth on the most reasonable terras 1\n\n'rovidence Guzeite\n\nFace ResigNA CON,-Deacon Mavis of Lyne Crevicu, Farge alludder and exemplary man, was exceedingly cocentre in some of his noticus. His courtship is in sus, was as follows:-aving The any pointed his horse, with only a nap-ssin fer a sad, be rede in front of the hause wherea Betty Lec lived, and, without dismounting, reguesial\n\nJetty to come to linn; on her eing, he told her\n\nyu this subject, which, he said, completely. Waller natted what compensation would be was a necessity first to publish these facts; AN EYE TO THE FUTURE—At a meeting, von justified the opinions of the learned Judges enough for the crew of the Vixen. Mr secondly was it necessary to publish this red by the friends of Clay, held in Woodstock, All sorts of people are plunging into the He begged to add, that the reasons why the Matheson said about 105 dollars, to which cotourstory. Had Mr Carr rested with a Vend, e ele oratore grew arazingly exontent, frightful whirlpool of railway speculation.Judges had been summoned to give the Mr Waller answered, say in round numbers statement of facts, it is probable you exchiring, ever heard of a woulan's warning Bankers and merchants, barristers and baber-House their resistance in this case was, tint 100 dollars. Mr Care puts an imaginary would not have been troubled with this paper sun after Jana K. Polk P\" and den pude a dashers, bankers' clerks and doctors of divi- as the law was to be stated definitively for case to injure Sir Thomas. Ho says, bail secution. Sir Thomas was not likely to have sig diffene pause, if inviting an awwer. nity, Members of Parliament and keepers of the British islands and for all our colonies, the Vixeu been the party that was in jeopac brought an autiou, and he was sure his friend did exclaims a fair decorat in the cred, win gambling-houses, old oren and young lads, the Lords had deemed it proper that the de dy,\" &. The last paragraph could only be the Attorney-General would not have taken hd boy married about six months proves, Bat married women who desire to have a good cision abould have all the weight which the pennet by some person who had a personal up such a case. But this was not the sting have en tha! intends to.\" speculation on their own account, and spin-concurrent opinions of the Judges and of spleen against the admiral. If any of you of the libel. It is for you to say whether Sir sters who think that an addition to their their Lordships could give it. He moved had been called on to act as arbiter, and ia: Thomas is charged with corruption, and if soị\n\nMas Lova, Harmony House, Concord, near fortune might give them an opportunity of that the judgment should be given for the consequence of your award had been accused it is a huel. To order that words may con- Kusing Pains,” is the adureas of a school stress in sharing it with another-all, all are rushing plaintiff in error.\n\nNew South Wales. of corruption, you would feel what damages stitute a libel, they must charge a man with on in the same course-dying after the wheel\n\nLord Brougham and Lord Campbell save ought to be given in the present case. The something criminal: but in writing whatever of fortune, which for the present is laden at rally expressed their concurrence with the affidavit of Me Walle, which will be read to, tends to bring a man into contempt is a libel. every spoke with the shares of some railway motion of the noble and leverned. Lord. you, states, that he wrote to Mr Malevon The Jury, after a short consultation, res company—Morning Post.\n\nby the direction of Sir Thomas, a letter torneil à verdict of not guilty.\"\n\nJudgment for the plaintiff is error.\n\nFon—Never tell a mun he's a frol. In the Grat place he won't believe you; in the next beŋl be sure i think you one jou buying 10,",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-043 - Sir Bonham - 1853 [7-12].txt",
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    {
        "id": 240873,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-061 - Public Offices - 1856",
        "page_number": 316,
        "title": "CO129-061 - Public Offices - 1856",
        "content_text": "Majority and what is the fate of ins evidence?\n\n1st represented as having \"confirmed a purp-es- fure \"under\" a Verbal assurance Baz die would But be FROSECUTED\" for his encroachments.\" We are assure by thow, who have seen the appen dix, that no such evidence the found therein, or any one word enpulite of being fairly construei Into a declaration that the mere indemnity agrins JUNISHMENT\" was interpreted into a reaction of Crown rights! The campission would hav done well to listen to the copeluing portion of the evidence of that Witness whose opinioas deserve all attention,\" when he says for all ess encouragement being given, I think if on inle to speak of the legal responsibility neur Art\"\n\nThe President the Commission, however, can- act divest himself of his gama fat ano modent; and not only, but ne his seasily pronounced his opinion aifany Marine Lo folder should fechos to take the ground flted in in front of his Lot, Gaverament rony oust him from the Lore IT ELF!\n\nLet this be borne ja rind, for should ang eir cumalance deprive as of the presence of our ante and respected Cliet Justice, surely his suegrant 1ust be fauad some where else than amongst those whose Verdists are delivered before the Jury is exponnelled. And mark the grounds.--1 opanks the Lease.\n\nUnder 5000 fest-\n\nscawan\n\nSUPPLEMENT.\n\nBut we hure yet to explain, and it should have been stated in the first place, that the lines on the sea you are driven to a imaginary depth We believe, however, theeo tiuas pretty nearly represcat the extent to which Sir John Bowring wishes leare holders to carry their fets and make a Roadway of thirty feet in width. To nary out there lots to the extent required the whole of the hosters are willing enough: bet to the for mation of a Rund way for public per shey have no in sination, put, the Honorable! the Aitorney Gen- eral's opinion notwithstanding-it is not in the ardinery mainer of the Crown to insist on such n Real being spevat.\n\nThat such a Road is not wanted for mere pas- senger traffic wilt be auparest to wit on an in- spection of the wood eat-there being ample space on the Queen's Rood for the passage of all fa po- polarna we hang at present. That sven a Rond in not wants for wasrfage purposes, inspectors of the wood eut will also be satis lad: -and we razy well ask, if ont for hare, den for what perpes la the Priya winted? In M. Sa mayor General Gordon's suggestion for 2 primate Praya, prepared an a scheme propounded by Sir Henry Pottinger befors Las for int were drafted, it is there sail that in case of an invasion by foreign forces the runway would be convenient for transporting cantan speedily and this, really, is the only use conver ible as a necessity.\n\nExcept and always reserved unto fer a Majesty. Ber Heirs, Suecreare and Amigos, fall As for any aid la Police arrangements, it is our \" parver to resume and lake pession of all or any opinion thai, whatever any be in store for us in part of the said pisce or pircel of ground hereby the future, as regards a more efficient force the demised, if required for the improvement of the formation of a Praya will never be other tasa au anit Colony of Hongkong or for any other Publicaid to intending burglars; and the consequence *parpuse whatsnovor, three Calendar Manito will be that when the Bank and Merchants Bird nation heig giera to the occupant thereof of us they coneet lood Pressure and valuable merchan. being so required, a full and fuir compensation *for sizeh end land and buildings thereon being pald to the said und an, his heirs, executors cal vigation to be fairly and imputing\n\n  \n    \n  \n\nTo the flattor of the \"Hosszene Revuras.\"\n\n-\n\nHasan, 254 47, 153 Sen-Referring to the letter in the fast iseac of the China Mail on the subject of the unfair deductions drawn from the bulence taken by the Boxing Trays Chearsalon in huis published report, beg leave to second my testimony in care buration of the laws of the waiter of that letter, so to sixte in my videre given to that Commission netther warra fins justifies n\n\nvery rouse, what an a\n\npoint thing whatever is said. but it sorte respects on here pats upon it,\n\n3(\n\nmare Mtorney General at Hunghong, for the sume reason, by the same person, Cash, by the way. has gone to the Catentivels in a nimbolte frame of mind. He rears he is sacrifont - a regular mantyy vie | tim of all kinds of machinations, to get rid of Adan; aud though he admits that the berth is a govi out, great pay and little to do, he weys ke ought to have something far better, must higher pay, nothing es all to do in deply to do is He vores he is honestly\n\nTollectie my nating givethe fableving extret for worth for were respectable figure; that Palmers the report, which from the anginui neto apunate to be based ¦ton knows it, or if he doesn't that he is the only wae ratire on ny evidence. Another witness, also a zizristiarn of the jacts whe is ignorant on that deadz jat kokler, was perbally satisfies? ↑ « maid (int lie host rennired and trai heltt lake care the world shall be wiser befors very recently an excouragement from the Governor imagifit is much older. li surmind that the ut us time\n\ncrari apon the sea shore in front of his lot and reclaim it Cu being estar to crudescend to prurlavhars, red particularly sugary temper of Chisholm is rather that the Governor in queson was Sar G. Bonham chat Bir soared by the analytic proces a certain little biti 1. Botham ad id in answer to a questions, thus he of his, relation in something forensic in the com had no pawer to sulfanze his intended purprentare, or to wate him any tile to the ined when he should have reclamissionership line, has been subjected to : and that, as and it-that all be (the Gosure) wonkl say wha, that unless he has got all he is likely to get, he don't see the his the tenant's) neighbours compainel, Dovernment would we of exhibiting manh thankfulness for passoura to mot prosende son for the entrenchment, and that in his than, as his countryman, thi pheographer of the | Gavertur's) primate spizion the tumant would be “at right,\"\n\nwould be done at his own risk, and than as the tenant wrest held himself responsible for the consequences,\" \"The tales or my own, and mark the portion of the paragrafential y vakmo. The tales or my own, and mark the portion of the paragrafential y vakmo. First, as to being requied to closed to particulara. it may be remembered that at the pelic meling bell to ecrandér tin Government notilleation of 10th November last, I strongly advod the pelicy of meeting the icon of His Excellency the Governor, bring my arents en the same intervw with Sir G. Bestum. Is giving my evidence before the Commission, this interview was brough toy bentlection, sud I prouistet re give the whole parti calars of it without any attempt at centralmer, rolering Grły grosa-questioning unnecesway -- Berninly the report wash it appar that but plendouragement to reclaim, and that on the tall bring esete, (corlewing partient) I had overly been praiser innvaruty fron panishment, (if it be even that it me sellers siching to me about punishment anerosement,\" ble for the congeecaces. Now I will declare that Eiz George\n\nor responsibility for the aequcxers, and feonsider the wond\n\nciasto.\n\nbut that the tenant trust anderstand that what he oughts, defines gratule. Ainsley hay dore this the Bust lably, am in Chian, but Aur Monor; and is reported to have left for publication in this country a record of experiences optriciy confirmatory of his ginnt Tower kill wud kropping block theory an The Fizon, Afghanistan, and the Oriente ahontas ation of the same category --Correspondent of Li- verpacť Albion.\n\ndize noticed by such a mulus ay be seen condescension que inapplicatie to my detector before the\n\nthe Bonham Strand ocw, and would he soon on the Bowring Puya, too, if once completed, they wit think high sine to make arrangements to:\n\nmade by the Surveyor of fer vnd Myasty establishing alsowhers. Nor let this ideo be whis\n\nIf, in these words, the Allorney General can find right in disposase the lanse holder whose cand is not required, but who derlines to PUKERASE More, or it on the latter clause he can watabiish the fact that the fairness and impartiality of the Surveyor General emaot be challenged by thu Lease holder, we shall willingly accord to hire the Conjora's Medal, and hail biar es the 4 Wizard of the East,\"\n\nAnd now, Sir, nilow us to apologise for the pro Jongation of this Letter, for when we beg a place in your columns, -Your obedient Servants.\n\n— F. of U. Apríl ið,\n\nCAVENT & Co.\n\nStates with the pertinence of that passage in Ca. reat Ca's letter running--\n\nThere is ample space now, and ware than ample space lo teen fallic Warien, for double the wants of the Com regnity who have ut se foutages Wat aro thuir repirnama! Minch\n\nmain by the China Mail and others about tiam inumavenience to the publin dwel ing to the sauth of the Queen's Road! Leteny one who knows the pture an Es eye along the fist of residents, and \"their accopations, and then re how many to the \"of the tusen's Road, and up the Hill, nynire large Whar fage accordation. What did the China Mare require « What goods did he land -and what inconvenience was he \"subjected? None! As the same reply will serve loy whe tenths of those who inhabit the tata es on the \"Bill; aut such mast niet he the case, at Cooke tice aline would very soon abs any hone hit serving from redacod rentals on Inland Lots were they used as stung ground, \" --and impressed with the idea that readers at a disuence can never understand the Bowring Praya question from letter press alone, we have prepared, and publish below, a small woed cut of the distracted district.\"Spaces marked Nu. I t on this wond cut exhibit the tots affected by the proposed measure and the dotted lines delineate the general contour of the shore, up to which approximately, leases are already practed hy the Crowa The parts in black are Government holdings, available for Junding placas if goven- ment wilt make them.The fretted lots enclosed in No. 1 represent streets ia Chilmon's, Chinam's and Endicott's Baznars, the whole sen front at which is as open to the public for wharfage as it can well! he. The surch, as slightly altered from the plan accompanying the Hongkong Almansek for 1848, ¦ is drawn to a scale of 400 funt to the inch, and gives a sea ling of 2,700 fest, of which 600 are Loveramant avaliables -400 private bazaare with public wharves, and the remaindet,-private pro- perty the comparative figures being us 17 to 10, or say of private property, and 3 of public landį ings. Surely these faci-that wie ding\" should be sufficient for the most seeptical if stiti dis posed to cavil ni Carat of Cs assertion that i there is ample space for pubite Wharver for #donble the wants of the Comininity who have not sea frontages withou: disturbing rosted rights. For the farther information of readors et dis\n\ntance wo way state that area No. I of the wood eur\n\nis\n\nis part of land sold last year an eoedition that ai Feaya should run in front of it-Port of No, the same; the space between 2 and 3 is Padder's Wharf--between 4 and 5 is the Oriental Bank Who:f-between 5 and 6 the Central Market, and betweco 8 and 9 the privata Bazar and Wharf of Messrs Gibb, Lavingston & Co.-—the deep line of the angle n 9 representing the entrance from the Queen's Road to Benbam Strand. The Leasehol ders opposing the Bowring Praya schome are, in No 2, Mears Lindsay & Co and Dent & Co-in No. 4. Messrs Jardine Mathearn & Co., Turaer &Co, Bowra & Co., Legraik and Storgie, To No. 6, the Onental Bank Corporation and Mesars Jardine, Mathesan & On. In No. 6, the Agents\n\nfor Thomas Ripiey. In No. 8, Mosers William Scott, James White and Julin Bird & Co.-and in\n\nNo. 9, Messrs Gibb, Livingston & Co. On the In-\n\nland side of the Road, the storekeepers, to a jana,\n\nas we are informed, express themselves in opposi tips to the Praya; and it only remains to be said of the mercantile offices in streets in rear of the Queen's Road-eit. in those of Messrs Williams, Anthon & Cu, Dreyer & Co., J. Dos Remedios, James Staphenson, Angier & Co, 8. E. Barrows and C. Boyd, that only two are in the habit of storing Croods on the basements of their premises; the su perficialGlown area so used boing, we are sure,\n\n• The round member given are quite approximato we repost; but the spacas used na landing plairs by the pub- ho are ukeratuted if any thing,\n\n......\n\nled down. A quarter of a century henes and, in these days of annexation and progress to whom mey belang ibe the island of Lenia? With a French or an American, or, it may be, s Russian settlement herend less chance of being borns down by the \"trong talkce\" of a Bowring Praya Comms sion, how long is likely offered advantages would remain accepted\n\ni\n\nIt was clearly manifeat ra me that the presiding member af\n\nment had been in the habit of resumứng lợin without giving inty other compensation than the Surveyör Generļa spínatè ment. On the print i was closely quistioned by the \"Cone- ssina, and although I acklaced two cases where she ca ant, retting the compensatum cffered, obtained third he asked, the report is not only silent on the portion of spy es dence, but itcally asserts thos it reale with the Sarvey General\" alone to code the question of ommpensation.\" \"la one of the casey I addured, I alleged that in February 1954,\n\nandaard, Lendale, Matize for No 79 e 10 del bars; us Isoil a year after fae 15 as the sale on anualed by the receipt of notice of resumption, the esi price 180 dollara, bring named as compensación. Ón veference to de lerse secret it stipulated that I was to have a alirampantion at a rate to be Sirly and impartially made by the Surveyor, de 19 anitced the hardship of the ee to the Acting Alertsy General who replied that the compensation must be far and equitable, which the offer whe not, and that I count ant be crapeited to access, it, Tur report the public, I was thos, with many others of the simple and cezading publis, deluded into a vers extraordinary error. If such be the case I don't think that any one wil\n\nbuilding in din Clony whendir cars be taken fora him by a Government whose legal adviser not only propounds bad. vocates soch a munstrous doctrine,\n\nslo L'aring wishet in have it related that Govern\n\nWe have said the Lenses were drafted after the Gordon Prays was suggested: and this face is worthy of particular note, for had Sir Henry Putinger ve amourent éontemplated coercion ino a Prays shows, how casy would it have ben to have inserted words giving authority to the action! Yet, hard as are the terms of the fenses, not parage-not a word—can be con-in be deleted into the day of exerting aus substantia strued towards an abrogation of the term on which Marine Lots were first bought. viz holding from the Ses to the road. If, owing to washings from the hitis, and other causes, the as recedes, the terms of the original sale bare still to be acted on by the Crown-he taste of the interests of the to whose use the kod is demised—and, the surne suivit that the Crown promises fall and fair compensation for ell it takes away-such fairt compensation must be given for the lard it adds. Such Mr Chisholm Anstey with and to be the de- should it be found necessary still further to resist cision of higher legal authorities than himself. the formation of a BowRING PRASA F. of C.Aprii\n\n30.\n\nSEA\n\nW\n\n起\n\n*Not two pence per foot--nar the fourth of it,\n\nin conclusion, I have to state may regret that this effoient manner of obtaining the views of the\n\nsaking gri- Buna tratores commission should be so for abused as to render it calikely that such thony with infulare procurable. The non attendance of a rouch respected anal leading member of the enciminals, eu inne comptinet of by the Fraya Coromin, may doubtices be travel infe sight rather than discotusy-1 am, Sir, Your client Servant.\n\nof 17, May 3.\n\nY. J. MURROW.\n\nAUDI ALTERAM PARTEM is a motto for which wo bava much regard, and we readily give insertion to the letter front Lex, with the extract, in italics, to which it refers. The emoluments of the office of Attorney Greeral here are certainly not mere\n\nFRIENDS of the Caprain Coonew some time in the service of ike P. & 0 Company here, and displaced from his common and under sirzamances reflecting little erafit un ruo Agent of that day in China, will learn with pleasure that he is now in the service of the Honourable East India Company; and mor has it will shortly have the appoints ment of Master Attonduit at Matlah. The\n\nfollowing extract from the Caletta Finglish-\n\nnot a 7th ult., is interesting --\n\nOx the ah ulana Sept Comew commanding the E. Company's servaying vessel Gruppler which has been employed in buoying off the Mur all, took charge of the bark. Murmyan Crown China, which vesel\" tad entered that rive by mistake. The Marion was brought up eately to Calcntia, Cap. Priest the Commander of the Maraina was dangerously l, when the Grappler fe in with her which probably caused the mistake. Capt. Commend the crew of the Grappler are criting > ly entaled to me renumeration for thuir ser vices, as the Marmion wes in a dangerous patitisa and would probably have been lost without exis. cane of 13. April 19.\n\n(Continued from supplement poge 31, column 4.) ment, wiz, that on all papers hence passing aror the Isthmus of Panainn, a separate chargo of two pence was a be collected in advance\n\nOn the 2nd of Fairmary came nirections to pay a penny in advance mill sepers hence i England: these sent via Marseilles, with a three peny collection at hone, remaining unlistar- Newspaper Proprietors and forwarding Agents ed. The hard bearing of this amurcement oa\n\nis most manifest. Had the order appeared a month before instead of a month after the beginning of the year we could then have charged such additional pernigs to the Bills for subscription -as it is we must put up with the lows-au inconsiderable one in the ag gregate.\n\nUpon what enamon sense principle this ar-\n\ntha a Barrister of Mr Chisholm Anstoy's stand-rangement has been made we are at a bus 19\n\ning might have expected for doing a \"boom\" in\n\nhis Augran stable.\n\ndiscover. It, simply, with vie w lo econ. omise the labnar el taxing clerks at home, then, in two ways, will the pathe be made to pay a Jor the false idea-firel, in the more costly pay. ment in Colonin: Post Offices for the extra fa- lour given to the collectors, and second-in the reduction in the number of papers regular-\n\nknow that many people take no other means for notifying friends at home of their being able male Newspapers:-the charm of the thing in e a pen tion by addressing covers on lying the little tronbie al na exponse. Alas! we shoult speak in the past tea+d, — the spel is broken the demand for the penny in advance has checked the kindly patention the longing friend loves his expected treat- the postal revente ja so much the less-and the not wanted newspaper is eat to the Ash: box. With so many arguments for the alteration of thia demon for peuries in advance, we tre assured that the tenuro ofile existence will he very brief,\n\nTo the Editor of the Friend of China\"\n\nHONGKONG, 16th April, 1856. Fiz,--Possibly some ingenious philosopher will one day discover a rural storecacope, which wits trasmitted.ts for instance-We all enable us to comprehend at one view the real cha- racter of every illustrious stranghouers cer litte colony with it presenco. At present we can only see one side at a time; and as an object is described by various parties from different points of view, the want of resemblance, and, what is worse, the want of harmony in the several portraits. ie perplexing in the extreme. Witness our last new breone comes upon pa like a comet, in un atmosphere of glory-Gur quit nunos rajoice in the advent of another piller of the state-a real, thorough, radicel, independent. reforming patriotic member of the House of Commons, and we hear of nothing save hire and his career for more than the statue number of nine days. The Mail gives hint an oration from the tow Magazine, you re-produce a sketch by the Parliamentary por trait painter, both highly credible to the artists and honorable to the subject of their labours;-but, intermediately, the Register obtains a nearer view, and resolves the appearance of our corces in the shape of a broom- now broom-which sweeps about is a very eccentric orbit, and hita hard with the shank besides. It was wrong in the Register not to begin by describing the glorious appe manes of the thing at a dislunce.—not to hunt up its splendid antecedents, like his neighbours, before producing his daguerreotype iikennes of ithus be found its stiff sharp bristles rush so romorso leasty across the grain atong our good old China am, with a view, as he shabbily avers, to profits: with a cover open at the sides, at a enarge of\n\nTwo other notifications still comain to be noricet-one of the 22nd vitine, to the effect that the French Post Office will account for ali poarages on papers from Hongkong to the United Kingdoin, a knowledge of which face to this community is not very importan lastly a \"trausuiseios of books\" afisation, in the Gazette of the 55 tastant, by which it is usdained that pa kata may be forwarded hence to Malta and Gibraltar, via Bgypt,and to Ber muda and the British West tudies (Barbadoses, Trauidad and Tork's Baland excepted) not ex- ceeding Two feet in lenghth breadth or widin,\n\nout of the repairs, that bis injured toelings at once tight pence per bulí a pound to Malis and\n\n: \n\ngove vent to their anguish. It will comiert tho, Gibraltar, and one sholing and two pence par Register to know that others have entertained half pound in the Wen ludies such rates p- suspicions respecting the peculiar \"Quixotism\" of plying to the first pound only, after which: the tis new broom, and no doubt he will read with charge has to be incrensed for every fraction action the other side of the questions etted of a pound as a pound-letters found in suc by the well known London Correspondent of the Liverpool Albion, in the subjoined extract, which I packets being charged postage with an addi- \n\nition of back packet postage as a penalty. suppose your fairness to both sides will allow you to insert.-I enclose the name of my Solicitor, sud am, Sir, your obedient servant,\n\nLE X\n\nHow the-ow-Post happens to be Pam's own print is unintelligible to all, and their name is legion, who reject the Urquhartive story about a former edi- tor having called for P.'s mad as a traitor, and then being muzalisha St. Petersburg esksut skip, just as in the present ease of Ansley, who is\n\nSuch are some of the changes that have caught our eye: there may be others, and if there are out, we may, after the late rate of two notifications a mouth, soon expect them. But this, really, is too serions a matter og tyne unfled with, and something must be done t check the nuisance of indeercet legislation.\" by auteur Post Masters General,--F. of C. April, 19.\n\n312\n\nINDEX",
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        "id": 244727,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-068 - Sir Bowring - 1858 [5-12]",
        "page_number": 469,
        "title": "CO129-068 - Sir Bowring - 1858 [5-12]",
        "content_text": "# TENTH DAY\n## Wednesday, 16th June, 1858, at 12 o'clock Noon\n\nPresent,—All the Members.\n\n### A. L. INGLIS,--Recalled.\n\n(28)\n\nThe brothel of which I spoke to the Commission as the one in which I saw Mrs Caldwell, was situate in Taipingshan. I am not sure whether the whole of the houses had been removed from the Choong Wan at this time, but I am quite clear as to the situation of this house. I went to this brothel purposely to see the intended Mrs Caldwell, and this was the first occasion on which I did see her. I do not know anything about a formal marriage according to Chinese usage between this girl and Mr Caldwell. The first time I knew of Mrs Caldwell living with Mr Caldwell, Mr Caldwell resided at the Gaol. This may have been two or three weeks, or two or three months from the time I saw her at the brothel. I do not recollect now in what other place Mr and Mrs Caldwell resided after they left the Gaol, and before they went to the bungalow called \"Retreat.\" I do not recollect Mrs Caldwell's mother.\n\nwas watched by another interpreter; and further, that I would not now believe him on his oath.\n\nCross-examined,--On the 10th June instant, he was charged before me with receiving goods, which had been stolen about the 30th May, and was discharged because the prosecutor was a convicted felon, a notoriously bad character, and bore the marks of former floggings. The principal witness also failed to appear. I allowed the prosecutor's fellow-convict to go out with a Policeman, to find the man who the prosecutor said had gone with him to Assow's house—but he could not find him.\n\n### D. R. CALDWELL\n\nCross-examined,--I continued to pay the $50 a-month to Lum Ateen, up to the last day of the tenth Chinese month [14th December, 1857]. He himself has since then received the rent. I do not know what has become of the mesne assignments of the lots sold to Lum Ateen. I may have them still, but do not know. They were in Chinese. There was no deed or conveyance by which I surrendered my property in 1857 for the benefit of my creditors; it was done in a private manner, and I refer the commission to Siemssen & Co.'s letter. The title deeds of the property sold to pay my debts were not given up to Siemssen & Co., because they were mortgaged to Chinese creditors. The deeds relating to the lots sold to Woods, except lot 263, were also mortgaged, but were given up to the purchaser, upon Siemssen & Co.'s guarantee that the mortgagee would receive his share of the purchase money.\n\nCross-examined,--The time of my seeing Mrs Caldwell must certainly have been in 1844. I joined the Police Department in March 1844, and it was shortly after this that I saw her. I do not recollect Mrs Caldwell's being confined. Mrs Caldwell only lived in the Gaol a fortnight or three weeks. She then left because Awoon, (a Chinese woman who had previously lived with Mr Caldwell,) returned. It was not my impression that Mrs Caldwell was married to Mr Caldwell according to Chinese usage, because it is not customary in such cases; there was nothing whatever in her manner to denote that she was married; she was dressed as a Chinese.\n\nI recollect accompanying Mr and Mrs Caldwell to a picnic, which was about, but certainly after, the time of that visit. Mrs Caldwell, so far as I can recollect, was never in my house for at least a year-and-a-half after this time. I recollect her having been in my house in the Old Bailey, after my return from Check-chu.\n\n### WILLIAM HENRY MITCHELL,--Called and examined.\n\nI am Assistant Magistrate of Police. I knew Assow, the Police Court Interpreter, before he joined the Chief Magistrate's Office. I think he joined the office either at the end of 1855, or beginning of 1856, but am not certain as to the time. I recollect his being charged with perjury before me, in June 1855. It arose out of a case in which he had been to a certain extent a party concerned. I recollect discharging the case on the grounds of conflicting evidence, but was not satisfied that he had exculpated himself from the charge, and I believe I said I should not in future believe him on his oath. I think I could not have said I should not allow him to interpret for me, because he was not at that time attached to the office. I wish also to state to the Commission, that I have never since allowed him to interpret for me in important cases, when I could avoid it, unless when he was required to do so by the proceedings.\n\n### D. R. CALDWELL (Continued)\n\nI sold all my landed property under Siemssen & Co.'s directions—for account of the estate, and the purchase money was paid over to Siemssen & Co. I could never have mortgaged any of these lots twice over, because I had not possession of the leases. I cannot remember the numbers of the lots mortgaged, but the names of the mortgagees are Wong Cheeyun, Lum Ateen, and Low Ashü. I do not know in what way Mrs Caldwell may be speculating beyond what she tells me. Supposing she wished to deceive me, it is possible she might speculate in brothel property. She has invested money of her sister's in houses. I can state on my honour, that she has, to my knowledge, no connection nor interest of any kind, in any brothel property, or any houses to which prostitutes resort.\n\nI never heard or was aware of any rumours of Mrs Caldwell's coming from a brothel, and no one would have dared to tell me so.\n\nI was never in the house in which my wife lived up to the time of my marriage. I am quite certain that this house was not a brothel, because at that time I knew most of the brothels here, and that was not one. It was also to be a family house. In April and May 1844, I lived in the Gaol. When I speak of my wife living with me, I mean that she lived in a private house which I kept for her; she did not live in the Gaol with me.\n\nI recollect Boyle who was Deputy Inspector of Police, and formerly master of the lorcha Centaur. I cannot recollect having ever had a contest in the street with Inspector Boyle concerning Mrs Caldwell.\n\nI once brought up a Chinaman before the Police Court, for insulting Mrs Caldwell in the street.\n\nI generally know to within $10 what money Mrs Caldwell has of mine, as I have nothing but my monthly salary; but I do not know what she has of her sister's. I still pay $70 a-month regularly to Siemssen & Co. on account of Mr Riensecker, which leaves me $260 a-month.\n\n### WONG APING,--Called and examined.\n\nor 6th moon of 6th year of Hien-fung, [about June or July 1856]. During the time I have been Tepo she has not lived in Hillier Street. I do not know of her having kept a brothel. While she was living in Lee Kip-taï's house, I know that she did not keep a brothel.\n\n### YIP AWONG,--Called and examined.\n\nI am collector of rents of the row of houses opposite the Taicheong Hong in Hillier Street; and collect them for Lee Kip-tai. I know a female called Shaplok. I have collected the rents since 1852. Shaplok occupied one of these houses from 1852 to 1854. She has not occupied it since 1854. She occupied it as a family residence, and I am quite certain not as a brothel. I do not know where she removed to in 1854.\n\n### SOONG AHING,--Called and examined.\n\nI am a Rope-maker, and reside opposite the Circular Buildings, Queen's Road West. I know a Chinese female called Shaplok, and have known her a long time. She lives in my house, and has done so since the beginning of the 7th moon of the 6th year of Hien-fung [about July, 1856]. She is married; her husband has gone to Shanghae. She has no occupation, and is supported by her husband. She has never since she lived in my house kept a brothel, or used the rooms she occupies as such. I do not know whether she has ever kept a brothel. Before she came to my house she lived in Wellington Street, in Lee Kip-tai's house; but I do not know how long she lived there. She removed to my house because Lee Kip-tai's house was pulled down.\n\nCross-examined,--Lee Kip-tai was engaged in the Tientsin trade. The house Shaplok lived in was nearly opposite the Old Central Police Station. Shaplok went to Canton about the middle of April last, not the middle of May. I do not know if she is in any way connected with Mr Caldwell.\n\n### MARY AYOW CALDWELL,--Called and examined.\n\nMy maiden name was Chun Ayow. I am the wife of Mr Caldwell. I came to this colony in the 22d year of Taoukwang-1842. I was then a child, and came with my mother to visit some relations. My mother was called by others Tuk-fook-p'o. I have one elder sister named Chun Atsoo, whose residence is in Macao. She has been here three times on a visit. Atsoo is my sister by blood. I know Shaplok, and saw her mother when a child. Shaplok's mother and mine were sworn sisters. This does not, according to Chinese usage, make me and Shaplok sisters. There is no other connection between myself and Shaplok. According to Chinese usage, even good friends call themselves brothers and sisters.\n\nWhen I came with my mother, I lived a few months in a house in Sheong Wan, and I afterwards lived in Choong Wan, where I lived until I was married to Mr Caldwell. My mother and Shaplok lived in that house, and another person called Ayee. Mangtai did not live with them. He is the god-son of my mother; as my mother had no son, a relation gave her his son, whom my mother adopted. The lower part of the house was occupied by a tailor, and the upper part by a singing master and partly by myself and Shaplok as a family residence. From the time I lived in the house, till I left it as Mr Caldwell's wife, it was never a brothel. I was first married after the Chinese fashion to Mr Caldwell, in the end of the 23d year of Taoukwang-1843; all the ceremonies necessary according to Chinese usage to constitute a valid marriage, were adopted on that occasion. The ceremony was performed in a house belonging to Achow, in which I afterwards resided, and took place before I went to live with Mr Caldwell. I considered myself in all respects the wife of Mr Caldwell.\n\n### FOONG AFU, Tepo of Sheong Wan [Victoria west],—Called and examined.\n\nI know Mr Inglis, the Governor of the Gaol, and first saw him in the beginning of the 24th year of Taoukwang-1844, three or four months after my marriage with Mr Caldwell. I remember upon that occasion we went on a picnic party to Chek-chu. I am quite certain that I never saw Mr Inglis before. Mr Inglis never came to the house in which I resided before my marriage; no foreigner was allowed to enter it. Hillier Street is in my district. Before I was Tepo, I was Sergeant of Police. I have been Tepo since the 8th month of the 6th year Hien-fung, [September 1856]. I have known Shaplok four years. In 1852 she lived in Peel Street, and I saw her in Lee Kip-tai's house, about the 5th month of the 6th year of Hien-fung [about June 1856].",
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        "id": 247670,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-074 - Lieut. Governor Caine & Sir Robinson - 1859 [6-12]",
        "page_number": 344,
        "title": "CO129-074 - Lieut. Governor Caine & Sir Robinson - 1859 [6-12]",
        "content_text": "CEL\n\n340\n\nTENTH DAY.\n\nWednesday, 16th June, 1858, at 12 o'clock Noon.\n\nPresent,--All the Members.\n\nA. L. INGLIS,-Recalled.\n\n(28)\n\nThe brothel of which I spoke to the Commission as the one in which I saw Mrs Caldwell, was situate in Taiping-shan. I am not sure whether the whole of the houses had been removed from the Choong Wan at this time, but I am quite clear as to the situation of this house. I went to this brothel purposely to see the intended Mrs Caldwell, and this was the first occasion on which I did see her. I do not know anything about a formal marriage according to Chinese usage between this girl and Mr Caldwell. The first time I knew of Mrs Caldwell living with Mr Caldwell, Mr Caldwell resided at the Gaol. This may have been two or three weeks, or two or three months from the time I saw her at the brothel. I do not recollect now in what other place Mr and Mrs Caldwell resided after they left the Gaol, and before they went to the bungalow called \"Retreat.\" I do not recollect Mrs Caldwell's mother.\n\nallowed him to interpret for me in important cases, when I could avoid it, unless when he was watched by another interpreter; and further, that I would not now believe him on his oath.\n\nCross-examined,—On the 10th June instant, he was charged before me with receiving goods which had been stolen about the 30th May, and was discharged because the prosecutor was a convicted felon, a notoriously bad character, and bore the marks of former floggings. The principal witness also failed to appear. I allowed the prosecutor's fellow-convict to go out with a Policeman, to find the man who the prosecutor said had gone with him to Assow's house--but he could not find him.\n\nD. R. CALDWELL.\n\nCross-examined, I continued to pay the $50 a-month to Lum Ateen, up to the last day of the tenth Chinese month [14th December, 1857.] He himself has since then received the rent. I do not know what has become of the mesne assignments of the lots sold to Lum Ateen. I may have them still, but do not know. They were in Chinese. There was no deed or conveyance by which I surrendered my property in 1857 for the benefit of my creditors; it was done in a private manner, and I refer the commission to Siemssen & Co.'s letter. The title deeds of the property sold to pay my debts were not given up to Siemssen & Co., because they were mortgaged to Chinese creditors. The deeds relating to the lots sold to Woods, except lot 263, were also mortgaged, but were given up to the purchaser upon Siemssen & Co.'s guarantee that the mortgagee would receive his share of the proceeds. I sold all my landed property under Siemssen & Co.'s direction for account of the estate, and the purchase-money was paid over to Siemssen & Co. I could never have mort-gaged any of these lots twice over, because I had not possession of the leases. I cannot remember the numbers of the lots mortgaged, but the names of the mortgages are Wong Cheeyun, Lum Ateen, and Low Ashû.\n\nI know in what way Mrs Caldwell may be speculating beyond what she tells me. Supposing she wished to deceive me, it is possible she might speculate in brothel property. She has invested money of her sister's in houses. I can state on my honour, that she has, to my knowledge, no connection nor interest of any kind, in any brothel property, or any houses to which prostitutes resort.\n\nI never heard or was aware of any rumours of Mrs Caldwell's coming from a brothel, and no one would have dared to tell me so. I was never in the house in which my wife lived up to the time of my marriage. I am quite certain that this house was not a brothel, because at that time I knew most of the brothels here, and that was not one.\n\nI lived in the Gaol. When I speak of my wife living with me, I mean that she lived in a private house which I kept for her; she did not live in the Gaol with me. I recollect Boyle, who was Deputy Inspector of Police, and formerly master of the lorcha Centaur.\n\nI cannot recollect having ever had a contest in the street with Inspector Boyle concerning Mrs Caldwell. I once brought up a Chinaman before the Police Court, for insulting Mrs Caldwell in the street.\n\n(29)\n\nCross-examined, The time of my seeing Mrs Caldwell must certainly have been in 1844. I joined the Police Department in March 1844, and it was shortly after this that I saw her. I do not recollect Mrs Caldwell's being confined. Mrs Caldwell only lived in the Gaol a fortnight or three weeks. She then left because Awoon, (a Chinese woman who had previously lived with Mr Caldwell,) returned. It was not my impression that Mrs Caldwell was married to Mr Caldwell according to Chinese usage, because it is not customary in such cases; there was nothing whatever in her manner to denote that she was married; she was dressed as a Chinese. I recollect accompanying Mr and Mrs Caldwell to a pic-nic, which was about, but certainly after, the time of that visit. Mrs Caldwell, so far as I can recollect, was never in my house for at least a-year-and-a-half after this time. I recollect her having been in my house in the Old Bailey, after my return from Check-chu.\n\nI generally know to within $10 what money Mrs Caldwell has of mine, as I have nothing but my monthly salary, but do not know what she has of her sister's. I still pay $70 a-month regularly to Siemssen & Co. on account of Mr Rienaecker, which leaves me $260 a-month.\n\nWONG APING,-Called and examined.\n\nI am a Rope-maker, and reside opposite the Circular Buildings, Queen's Road West. I know a Chinese female called Shaplok, and have known her a long time. She lives in my house, and has done so since the beginning of the 7th moon of the 6th year of Hien-fung [about July, 1856.] She is married; her husband has gone to Shang-hae. She has no occupation, and is supported by her husband. She has never since she lived in my house kept a brothel, or used the rooms she occupies as such. I do not know whether she has ever kept a brothel. Before she came to my house she lived in Wellington Street, in Lee Kip-tai's house; but I do not know how long she lived there. She removed to my house because Lee Kip-tai's house was pulled down.\n\nCross-examined, - Lee Kip-tai was engaged in the Tientsin trade. The house Shaplok lived in was nearly opposite the Old Central Police Station. Shaplok went to Canton about the middle of April last, not the middle of May. I do not know if she is in any way connected with Mr Caldwell.\n\nSOONG AHING, Tepo of Choong Wan, [the central part of Victoria,]-Called and examined.\n\nI know a female called Shaplok. In 1856 she was living in Lee Kip-tai's house opposite the Old Central Police Station, in Wellington Street. She lived there a few months, I saw her there in the 2nd moon of the sixth year of Hien-fung, [about March 1856,] and about the 7th or 8th month of that year, [about August or September 1856.] She left in consequence of the house being about to be pulled down. She removed out of my district to Sheong Wan, but I do not know to what house. During the time that she resided in that house she did not keep a brothel; several years before the house had been a brothel, but in consequence of a disturbance, the landlord would not permit it to be a brothel any longer.\n\nCross-examined,-I do not know what Shaplok was before the 6th year of Hien-fung. I know that she is a friend of Mrs Caldwell, but not that she is in any way related to her.\n\nYIP AWONG,-Called and examined.\n\nI am collector of rents of the row of houses opposite the Taicheong Hong in Hillier Street; and collect them for Akwai. I know a female called Shaplok. I have collected the rents since 1852. Shaplok occupied one of these houses from 1852 to 1854. She has not occupied it since 1854. She occupied it as a family residence, and I am quite certain not as a brothel. I do not know where she removed to in 1854.\n\nMARY AYOW CALDWELL,-Called and examined.\n\nMy maiden name was Chun Ayow. I am the wife of Mr Caldwell. I came to this colony in 22d year of Taou-kwang-1842. I was then a child, and came with my mother to visit some relations. My mother was called by others Tuk-fook-p'o. I have one elder sister name Chun Atsoo, whose residence is in Macao. She has been here three times on a visit. I have no other sisters, and no brothers. Atsoo is my sister by blood. I know Shaplok, and saw her mother when a child. Shaplok's mother and mine were sworn sisters. This does not, according to Chinese usage, make me and Shaplok sisters. There is no other connection between myself and Shaplok. According to Chinese usage, even good friends call themselves brothers and sisters. When I came with my mother, I lived a few months in a house in Sheong Wan, and I afterwards lived in Choong Wan, where I lived until I was married to Mr Caldwell. My mother and Shaplok lived in that house, and another person called Ayee. Mangtai did not live with them. He is the god-son of my mother; as my mother had no son, a relation gave her his son, whom my mother adopted. The lower part of the house was occupied by a singing master and a tailor, and the upper part by myself and Shaplok as a family residence. From the time I lived in the house, till I left it as Mr Caldwell's wife, it was never a brothel. I was first married after the Chinese fashion to Mr Caldwell, in the end of the 23d year of Taoukwang-1843; all the ceremonies necessary according to Chinese usage to constitute a valid marriage, were adopted on that occasion. The ceremony was performed in a house belonging to Achow, in which I afterwards resided, and took place before I went to live with Mr Caldwell. I considered myself in all respect the wife of Mr Caldwell.\n\nI know Mr Inglis, the Governor of the Gaol, and first saw him in the beginning of the 24th year of Taoukwang—1844, three or four months after my marriage with Mr Caldwell. I remember upon that occasion we went on a pic-nic party to Chekchu. I am quite certain that I never saw Mr Inglis before. Mr Inglis never came to the house in which I resided before my marriage; no foreigner was allowed to enter it.\n\nFOONG AFEI, Tepo of Sheong Wan [Victoria west], -Called and examined.\n\nHillier Street is in my district. Before I was Tepo, I was a Sergeant of Police. I have been Tepo since the 8th month of the 6th year Hien-fung, [September 1856.] I have known Shaplok four years. In 1852 she lived in Peel Street, and I saw her in Lee Kip-tai's house, about the 5th or 6th moon of the 6th year of Hien-fung [about June or July 1856.] During the time I have been Tepo she has not lived in Hillier Street. I do not know of her having kept a brothel. While she was living in Lee Kip-tai's house, I know that he did not keep a brothel.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-074 - Lieut. Governor Caine & Sir Robinson - 1859 [6-12].txt",
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        "id": 248459,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-076 - Individuals - 1859",
        "page_number": 62,
        "title": "CO129-076 - Individuals - 1859",
        "content_text": "Commission, loathing the late expedition, under-station by to: Caldwell and Her Majesty's Gunboat, against the friendly city of Nautas :\n\nthat \n\nYou will see 19th and 30th ult. the gravity of that case.\n\nAny letters, of the \n\nAnd, in continuation, the same letters I have also to direct your attention to the official report, of a still later raid against thee - liang, another peaceful town on the Chinese coast; in like manner conducted by Mr. Caldwell.\n\nLetter of the 4th April Wynnia. Mr. M. part, in his described character of Registrar, \"Journal\" of Hong Kong, distant about one hundred and twenty miles from the awarded town.\n\nthe Hon. Gov.\n\nthe \n\n1859. On his sole and unsupported information, and with no person present to check him, even as Interpreter, Her Majesty's Gunboats \"Forester and Janus,\" were employed, on that occasion, to obtain from the Chinese town reparation of loss said but not proved to have been suffered on the high seas, by a Chinaman Mr. Caldwell, alleged informant, a Biraman pou Kerk-chi (not a British subject, and entirely unconnected with Hong Kong).\n\n51.\n\n61\n\nHong Kong, at the hands of the squadron of the pirate Morera', who, writes Commander Wynncott, Mr. Caldwell states, has been at the head of piracies in these waters, for the last five years! If he had said, that Momera the pirate named in the Beaver papers, according to Dr. Bridges' own evidence, one of the parties to a peace, in which the arbitration of Mahthowlong, Mr. Calleng partner, had been set at nought, I fear that the statement would have been much more to the purpose.\n\nAs an attempt was made by Mr. Caldwell to connect that pirate with the townspeople of Buting, beyond his own admission that a portion of the cargo alleged to have been captured by Momera, - landed there: a pretext which would justify a daily bombardment, by English and Portuguese, of the Capital of Hong Kong, the City of Victoria.\n\nUpon such grounds, a claim of \"Indemnity\" was nevertheless made against Caldwell's Kutchi Client, the town, for Mr. Caldwell to the amount payable of One Thousand Dollars, within Two Hours, under notice of letting.",
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    {
        "id": 258480,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-097 - Acting Governor Mercer - 1864 [1-2] & Sir Robinson - 1864 [1-3]",
        "page_number": 16,
        "title": "CO129-097 - Acting Governor Mercer - 1864 [1-2] & Sir Robinson - 1864 [1-3]",
        "content_text": "14\n\n16\n\nII. The direct countenance given to this assumption of irresponsible authority by the refusal of British Consuls to take cognizance of such acts, when brought to their notice, or to do more, (when pressed,) than record the protest of the complaining parties.\n\nIII. The finality of the decision of the Superintendent of Trade in all cases between British Subjects, and other Foreigners or Chinese, both in original suits before himself, or on appeal from the decisions of the Consular Courts.\n\nIV. The consequent practical impossibility of applying a check to any high-handed proceedings of the Foreign Customs.\n\n10. With respect to the first named ground of complaint, Mr. Lay stands up stoutly for the moderation of the Foreign Customs in its treatment of revenue offences. Such is not the popular impression and further, the foreign community are impressed with a belief, amounting to conviction, that the proceeds of confiscations are largely, if not wholly, distributed among the various grades of subordinates. Should this belief be groundless, an inquiry conducted by the Consuls would be an easy means of rebutting the charge.\n\n11. Notwithstanding the dictum (section 18 of the Memorandum,) \"that the Chinese Superintendent of Customs, with or without the advice of the Foreign Commissioner, can in no case overstep the limits assigned to his action by the Treaties, without being forthwith called to account by the Consul, upon the complaint of the Merchants aggrieved,\" that liability is very small when, as at present, British Consuls are reluctant to entertain such complaints and as the influence of the foreigners in the service is avowedly not limited to that gained by sagacious advice, the \"weak and corrupt officials,\" (described in Section 11,) are as likely to succumb to the misdirected energy of Foreign Customs officials as to the (there asserted) bribery or bullying\" of Foreign Traders.\n\n12. But the Committee will not discuss the \"Procedure in cases of fine and confiscation\" now practised; because they deny the right of the Chinese Authorities to make such seizures in Treaty ports, or levy such fines, independently of the British Consul.\n\n13. In all Treaties with China, Foreign Governments have required and obtained various ex-territorial rights:-- and the reason of such demands on the part of Her Majesty's Government is thus stated by Lord Clarendon in his dispatch to Sir George Bonham of June 24th, 1853, inclosing the order in Council of the 13th of the same Month.-\"In ordinary cases of British Subjects resorting to a Foreign Country, their persons and property are entrusted to the laws and institutions of the Country to which they may resort in the full assurance that those will be duly administered, and that the institutions of such country, although they may differ from those of England, are substantially in harmony with the general principles of jurisprudence recognized among Christian Communities. But the case is different as regards China, and there the British Crown has found it necessary to require that British Subjects shall be entirely exempted from the jurisdiction of the local tribunals, and has engaged in return, either expressly or by implication, to take effectual measures for the maintenance among British Subjects of peace, order, and good Government.\"\n\n14. In the second Article of the Treaty of Nanking,-a treaty renewed and confirmed by the second article of the later Treaty of Tientsin,-Her Majesty agrees to appoint \"Superintendents or Consular officers to reside at each of the above named (Treaty) cities or towns, to be the medium of communication between the Chinese Authorities and the said Merchants, and to see that the just duties and other dues of the Chinese Government as hereafter provided for, are duly discharged by Her British Majesty's Subjects.\"\n\n15. In the order in Council of June 1853, there is no waiver of any of the rights so secured; but on the contrary it embodies a series of regulations for the guidance of Consular Officers in dealing with them.\n\n16. The authoritative opinion given in 1860 by the then Crown Lawyers-Sir J. D. Harding, Sir Richard Bethel, and Sir W. Atherton,-in reference to vessels and cargoes seized for the breach of the Blockade of the Canton River affirms still more strongly the exclusion of China from the comity of civilized Nations; and from its having been communicated to the British Authorities in this Country, shows that up to that period Her Majesty's Government had seen no reason to depart from the principles laid down by Lord Clarendon. That opinion broadly states, that \"as between Her Majesty's Government and the Government and Subjects of China, (a Country which neither acknowledges, nor follows, the Jus Gentium of European states, under which the necessity for Prize Court condemnation arises,) no condemnation as Prize is either necessary or expedient.\"\n\n17\n\n17. The ex-territorial provisions of the Treaties are the natural consequence of the recognized exclusion of China from the comity of civilized Nations; and the judicial power of Consuls follows as a matter of course where some restrictive jurisdiction must exist, but is denied under Treaty to the native authorities. To argue therefore that \"the Chinese Government is no more obliged to resort to a British Court to enforce fines or confiscations for a breach of its revenue laws, where a British Subject is concerned, than it is to an American or French Court, where an American or French Subject is concerned,\" is beside the question, for the Chinese Government is bound to British Subjects by the express stipulations of its Treaties with Great Britain, while British Subjects are not bound by the Treaties of other Nations, though entitled to the benefit of all privileges accorded to them, greater than those secured by the British Treaties. The 7th clause of the French Treaty, quoted by the Inspector General of Chinese Customs, declares, it may be remarked, the obligation of a formal notice to a French Consul of any intention to seize or confiscate,\n\n18. But a serious fallacy underlies all arguments in favor of Chinese, as opposed to Consular, jurisdiction in cases of smuggling in the open ports by Subjects of Treaty Powers. They assume that such smuggling is an offence against the Chinese revenue laws, when in fact it is an offence against the Treaty only, a knowledge of Chinese Revenue laws not being obligatory, nor their observance compulsory, except in so far as they are recognized by Treaty. If this view be correct, of which the Committee entertain no doubt, the pretensions of the Chinese Customs to independent action in cases of violation of Treaty Stipulations or Regulations fall to the ground.\n\n19. Assuming the correctness of the statements now submitted to Your Lordship, it seems clear that British Subjects have a right to the judicial action of their Consuls in all cases of fine or confiscation; and that the limitation of their functions to ex post-facto political action, as urged by the advocates of the Chinese Customs, is as untenable in theory as it was contrary to fact in practice, till recently for it would be extremely difficult for the Inspector General of Chinese Customs to prove that the special cases of seizure enumerated in his memorandum were made without a previous application from the department to the British Consul-and even were that otherwise, the Committee of the Chamber are prepared to show, that within the last twelve months, some of the Chinese Superintendents of Customs have pleaded the direct or implied sanction of Her Majesty's Superintendent of Trade as their Authority for carrying out confiscation, and further that a rule, drawn up by that officer for the regulation, inter alia, of cases of confiscation at Canton, runs thus-\"if the goods are on board British Vessels or in possession of a British Subject, the particulars shall be communicated to the Consul, who shall grant a warrant for their seizure, and if, on examination they are undoubtedly smuggled, it shall be permitted to the Hoppo to declare their confiscation.\"\n\n20. Before proceeding to the other questions enumerated above, it is the pleasing duty of the Committee to state, that the Baron de Meritens, Commissioner of Customs at Foochow has appreciated the fact, that the best mode of discouraging illicit trade is to deprive it of motive; and as a commencement in opening the ports of China more widely to legitimate Commerce, has induced the superior Authorities to sanction the resort of ships to the ports of Keelung and Takao in Formosa. Should the experiment succeed, as it no doubt will, it will probably lead to its extension to other important ports on the Mainland.\n\n21. The second cause of dissatisfaction to the Foreign Commercial body, viz:-the direct countenance given to the pretensions of the Chinese Customs' Authorities by the present reluctance of British Consuls to entertain any complaint arising from the Acts of those officials, will be more shortly discussed.\n\n22. It is generally understood and believed, that the Consular officers act in this matter under special instructions from the Superintendent of Trade :-but apart from the violation of right, which the Foreign residents believe to be involved in the surrender to the Chinese Customs' establishment of irresponsible power in dealing with Treaty offences, they universally condemn such surrender as impolitic. Should the Foreign element in the Chinese Maritime Customs be a permanent one, it might, at any time, be composed of men of a very different stamp, and very inferior grade, to the gentlemen now holding the higher offices of the Foreign Inspectorate; and who might be the reverse of scrupulous in their administration of the department, but keenly alive to the value to themselves of mingling political power with their fiscal functions, particularly if through the direct Agency of the Maritime Customs establishment, the Cost of foreign armed and manned gun-boats, and of disciplined Chinese troops commanded by Foreign Officers, is to be defrayed.\n\nIn the\n\n23. But indeed this perilous union of powers appears to have been already initiated. Supplement to the North China Herald of Sept. 26th of this year, the case is reported of the \"United States of America versus Pinder and others\" tried in the United States Consular Court, in which Commander Solway, (one of the Witnesses for the prosecution,) describing himself as a British Naval Officer in the service of the Emperor of China, is stated to have deposed, that his commission in that service is held from Mr. Lay and Captain Sherard Osborne, and that it professes to be given on behalf of the Emperor. Certainly among the many anomalous arrangements now in existence in This Country, this is one of the strangest.\n\n24. Again Commercial men in this Country have no faith in the theory of Chinese, of any rank, being led up to European international civilization by being dealt with as though they were guided by its maxims, in anticipation of their honest adoption of them. They accept as an axiom that relaxation of ex-territorial rights, obtained under Treaty, should follow, but never precede, practical advance in such civilization on the part of the Chinese. They are satisfied, that Asiatics of every race attach no meaning to the phrase of political magnanimity, and cannot believe in the existence of such a virtue. Asiatics respect those who respect their own rights, and attribute to fear, or ignorance, any concession that is not palpably balanced by some corresponding advantage. Justice they understand.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-097 - Acting Governor Mercer - 1864 [1-2] & Sir Robinson - 1864 [1-3].txt",
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        "id": 265126,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-112 - Acting Governor Mercer - 1866 [3-4]",
        "page_number": 46,
        "title": "CO129-112 - Acting Governor Mercer - 1866 [3-4]",
        "content_text": "## Report of the Commission on Police and Lighting Rate Arrears\n\n### Preliminary Observations\n\nPreviously to the 14th of July 1863, the management and collection of the Police and Lighting Rates was entrusted to a separate Department under the direction of a Mr. Grandpre, now deceased. The Assessment of houses was made yearly and the Rates were collected quarterly from door to door by a Portuguese Collector assisted by a Chinese Shroff.\n\nThe Arrears in the Collection of the Rates under this system (which on the 1st of July 1863 amounted to $18,800) and the inexpediency of entrusting any longer the collection...\n\nThe F. is in fault.\n\nA is not in fault (it does appear) per se. He defined the basis of notion to Ratepayers.\n\nHe warned the Govt that the Rack (likely departmental) was unbounded.\n\nBut he did not fix this breakdown of the Rate collection with better means to supply the want in our district.\n\nConsolidation from a dept...\n\nsuperintendence of another. And he managed to throw his luck on the bon... many punishments (auto...).\n\nThere was drastic measure chosen; to differ that it was out of his hand, when it was under the can...\n\nMark in devising...\n\nAln Ex... he seems then been...\n\nImmediate or palliation put...\n\nIn perfection of the system.\n\nZit... as of the thought in... and demit a check down.\n\nIn collection grates from Ot candouren, Ean & Gott. But Jan said one that for las a...\n\nwe of enemy...\n\nFimper... Cr... freak... light... the private individual, the timid & ext... wit of levying Taxes - at...\n\nW. h in effect. It results...\n\nof such a step.\n\nEx can of a bad tenant with alche...\n\nPater... as well as...\n\nrent.\n\n10/5 80 To Dear, with draft of report addn, that my wife is glad...\n\n62 Jarone che infer...\n\non then hapur...\n\nots. We then Labs but...\n\n(Copy)\n\n45 \n\nReport - 15 J. 4273 \n\n| Col | Col |\n| --- | --- |\n\n...the management... \n...and collection... \n...was entrusted... \n...1863... \n...to a separate Department... \n...under the direction... \n...of a Me Grandpre, scow deceased... \n...The Assessment of... \n...made yearly... \n...houses was... \n...and the Rates were collected... \n...quarterly from door to door... \n...by a Portuguese Collector... \n...assisted by a Chinese Shroff... \n...The Arrears in the Collection of... \n...the Rates undw this system... \n...(which on the 1st of July 1863 to Amount to $18,800)... \n...and the incxpediency... \n...of entrusting any longer the collection...",
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    {
        "id": 266265,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-114 - MacDonnell - 1866 [7-8]",
        "page_number": 158,
        "title": "CO129-114 - MacDonnell - 1866 [7-8]",
        "content_text": "Naughtong h:83.\n\n24th July 1816.\n\nGevenner\n\nSir Richard Graves Maconelli Right Honorable\n\nEdward Cardwell, Mr. P.\n\nAracy\n\nDestruction of Pirate fleet of\n\n22 Juns and 250 Guns at Nainan (Sama Crest). Remounts on.\n\nInclesing.\n\n\"China Mail\"\n\n26th July 1866.\n\nIn 9189/66\n\n155\n\nDESTRUCTION OF PIRATICAL\n\nFLEET BY H. M. SHIPS OPOSSUM & OSPREY.\n\nWe have been favoured with the following account of the proceedings of H. M. Ships Osprey and Opossum during their recent cruise in search of Pirates.\n\nH. M. S. Osprey, Commander Wm. Menzies, left Hongkong on the 12th July, 1866, with the Gun Boat Opossum, Lieut. Commander Mainwaring, in search of pirates. They proceeded to Nowchow Island and thence to Quan Chou Wan, on leaving which place on the 16th instant, the Osprey unfortunately got on shore, owing it is stated to incorrectness in the chart supplied, but being under steam, with the assistance of the Opossum, and the rising tide was got off again without accident. They then continued their cruise to Hainan, searching several Bays and Creeks, as well as overhauling some Junks met with at sea, but without success until the 18th instant when on going into Ty-Yu-Lin-Kan Bay information was obtained that a number of piratical Junks were anchored at Sama or Samoy Bay. The Osprey immediately got under weigh and, followed by the Opossum, steamed in search of them. At about a quarter to 1 P.M. the Opossum made signal that several Junks were in sight. A few minutes after the Osprey having taken up position, which there was great difficulty in doing, owing to the shallowness of the water, commenced the action by opening fire with her 68 pdr. Pivot Gun, and almost immediately after with her 7 inch Armstrong Pivot Gun. The Opossum from her lighter draft of water was able to get nearer the enemy and at 1 P.M. opened fire.\n\nThe junks were in an admirably defended position, being anchored in a creek, the sides of which to a great extent protected them from the Osprey's fire. Just before the Opossum commenced the attack two of the heaviest armed Junks, one of which was afterward found to carry 16 large guns, opened on the Osprey with shell and rockets, and shortly afterwards the other junks commenced firing on both vessels. The action was briskly sustained on both sides, the Junks keeping up a very well directed fire, from which however, the high bank to the Northward of the Piratical craft much protected the Osprey as only a portion of their guns could be brought to bear on her, but the same cause prevented the Osprey from doing as much execution as she otherwise would have done it being impossible to get her opposite the mouth of the Creek there being only 1 Fathom of water. The firing was continued on both sides until 3 P.M. when it was determined to land and take the Village and Junks. A party of about 60 men, Blue Jackets and Marines, were accordingly landed from the two vessels, under the command of Commander Menzies, accompanied by Mr. Greet, Assist. Paymaster as Aide de camp, Lieutenant Meade and Mr. Sanders Gunner from H. M. S. Osprey and Mr. H. Thomas Boatswain of Opossum.\n\nThe landing was effected without opposition about half a mile from the creek, the Guns of the two ships (which were manned by various idlers and boys, as of course the best men were selected for landing) still engaging the junks.\n\nThe landing party passed over a slight undulation of ground and approached the village and creek, in which the junks were anchored, from the Westward. A hill above them was occupied by a party of Chinese who kept up a fire until dislodged by some men told off for the purpose. Passing round the base of the hill the men rushed on with a cheer and drove the enemy from the village to the junks, which they were also obliged to abandon and escape to the other side from the heavy and rapid fire kept up by the blue Jackets and marines, notwithstanding the efforts of the Pirates to check them by a well sustained fire of Guns and small arms.\n\nCommander Menzies then gave orders to board and set fire to the Junks which was rapidly done. Lieutenant Meade was most active in this duty and himself fired several. The total number destroyed was 22, some of them being very large and the number of men was estimated at over 700. The execution done was very great, and it was altogether a most dashing and gallant affair. Of the Junks destroyed 1 carried 17 Guns, 7 were of 15 Guns, 9 of 12, and 4 of a smaller number. It was a powerful force to attack with a sloop of 4 Guns and a Gun Boat.\n\nAfter the engagement the Villagers stated that the number of killed amounted to 130 but this is greatly over the mark; about 80 or 30 would be the probable number. One seaman belonging to H.M.S. Osprey was severely wounded by the fire from the Chinese who occupied the top of the hill during the first advance; he was struck in the leg by a musket ball and taken back to the boats which had been left near the original point of debarkation in charge of Mr. Paymaster Scriven and a few men and conveyed on board the Osprey.\n\nThe Mandarin Lyang who accompanied the expedition was unfortunately mortally wounded while gallantly trying to cross the creek; he was struck in the left arm and his elbow much injured (compound fracture) he however persisted in pressing on with a couple of the Osprey's blue jackets, and they had captured 4 prisoners when the Lyang received a Musket or Rifle Ball in the bowels, and fell. The men in the boat brought him out of action but before they were clear of the enemy's fire he received a third wound, this time in the left leg, two of the prisoners being also wounded by the fire kept up by the pirates. He was at once conveyed out of the creek in the same sampan, towards the boats, one of which immediately embarked and took him to the Osprey in order that Medical assistance might be afforded. He died on the evening of the 21st inst., much to the regret of the Officers, by whom he was much liked, and who appreciated his brave conduct.\n\nThe Osprey left Sama Bay on the evening of the 20th with the Opossum gun boat in tow and arrived here on the 23rd.\n\nThe Opossum landed the mortal remains of the Mandarin Lyang at Kowloon this morning where they were received with all the honour due to the Rank of the deceased. They will be sent to Canton tomorrow for interment.\n\nSince writing the above we have learned that the piratical fleet consisted of three separate squadrons. Two of the chiefs came from Macao and the other from Cochinchina. The latter had hauled his junks into the creek hoping to escape observation having been informed of the proximity of H. M. ships.\n\nThe burning of the junks is stated to have been a most picturesque sight. The calibre of the guns carried varied from 32 to 4 pounders; each of the junks carried stinkpots at the mast heads.\n\nPage 155\n\nPage 155\n\nPage 155",
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    {
        "id": 280299,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-141 - Public Offices - 1869",
        "page_number": 202,
        "title": "CO129-141 - Public Offices - 1869",
        "content_text": "Piracy.\n\nWith 4.8., not the less, that\n\nI quite agree the Chinese boats are justly\n\nheld responsible under\n\nExisting Treaties for a more effective cooperation,\n\nif\n\nnot the total suppression of Piracy by their\n\nunited efforts. In this as in so other directions however there is a\n\nload\n\n200\n\nalways fallen hitherto most unfairly upon the\n\nBritish boats; but it is hardly by Chinese Cooperation\n\nthat this will be obviated. If at all, it must be\n\nby other Treaty\n\nPowers having trade with China,\n\nContributing their quota to the general defence in\n\nthe ratio of their trade, that is still\n\nmany wide difference.\n\nIf taken in\n\ntheir\n\nChe\n\nbetween the Engagements entered into\n\nWe dictated the Treaties that laid\n\nfulfilment. this obligation upon\n\nas\n\nanch\n\nin doing so\n\nthem, -\n\nas owws, it may\n\nin their own interest.\n\nbe affirmed, _ but\n\nwe called upon them to undertake\n\nbefore performed towards\n\ntheir own\n\npeople\n\nL were\n\nduties they had never\n\nwhidly without the w\n\nEfficient means of speenting.\n\ngiver some\n\nThe gradual formation of gunboat fleets\n\nhope of improvement\n\nbut not until they\n\nare\n\nEfficiently commanded.\n\nSooner\n\nwell organised\n\nor later\n\nAs a service\n\nIt is quite true that the chief burden protecting all foreign trade in the Chinese seas has\n\nalways\n\nof\n\nbe small,\n\nbut considering\n\nthat without the\n\nintervention of the British naval forces to Check\n\nthe whole of the trading interests of the\n\nPiracy\n\nw?\n\nother Powers would be Endangered, & could only preserved by the Employment of a force\n\npart equal to that Britain; the fairer\n\nnot one\n\nbe\n\ntheir\n\nsupplied by great\n\ndivision wo\n\npro rate according\n\nappear to be to the relative\n\nbut an Equal\n\ntrade under each flag\n\namount of trade under each\n\nof\n\nContribution from all foreign\n\ninterested in the continuance\n\nPowers in\n\nof trade.\n\nany way\n\nTaking all these circumstances into Consideration I doubt the expediency of making\n\nmy further effort at present to compel Central foot to undertake duties\n\nthe\n\nby any\n\nJueaswih\n\nof",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-150 - Lieut Governor Whitfield - 1871 [5-6]",
        "page_number": 313,
        "title": "CO129-150 - Lieut Governor Whitfield - 1871 [5-6]",
        "content_text": "309\n\nIts exact counterpart here. It is argued, moreover, that education is universal in China and that the port coolie can read and write. This is one of the many fallacies which prevail on the subject of China and its people. Ap-li Chan which, in 1869, had simply a free site, received last year a grant-in-aid, being abandoned. This is by far the best of these schools and if classified with the whole of Village Schools, without regard to grant or otherwise, would stand ninth in order. The high number of scholars on the roll was 41 and the lowest 30. The regular attendance averaged 31.\n\nThese schools differ from the ordinary Village Schools simply in this, that the village provide the school-house and select the master, who gets, or is supposed to get, one half of his salary in kind, from the parents of his scholars and the other half, amounting to sixty dollars a year, from Government.\n\nEvery village has its school, but only a fraction of the village children attend it. The Chinese Government affords them no assistance, those who wish their children taught must take the whole burden of the school-master's salary on themselves. This, in such poverty-stricken places, includes the very poor, who are by far the majority; and if poor parents, by dint of much self-denial, should be able to send one of the family to school, it is all that they can possibly accomplish.\n\nIt was thought, at the commencement, that this system of grants-in-aid would meet marvelous difficulties and might probably be extended in time to all the Village Schools. It enables villagers to choose their own school-master, a privilege which they consider peculiarly their own, which they very reluctantly resign. It was thought, also, that by having to provide one half the master's salary they would be more anxious to have their children taught by way of a return for the expense incurred, and that they would be a check on the master,--a safeguard, I am sorry to say not so unnecessary as it might be.\n\nThese hopes are a long way from their realization. Application for a grant-in-aid in too many cases means simply a source of revenue to the village. The want of a school is first discerned by a needy and place-less school-master. The next step is a petition, composed by himself, but purporting to be from the villagers, setting forth the poverty of the village as extreme, the ignorance of the children as appalling and the merits of the aspiring school-master as unparalleled. The last step is a deputation for the presentation of the petition. All this is, outwardly, as it should be; but, behind so much fair seeming, there has been no lack of chicanery,--a hard driven bargain on the part of the villagers for so much hard cash for the privilege of teaching their children, but probably taking the form of so much rent for the school-house, albeit the petition distinctly states that the village provides the school-house free.\n\nWhen the master is appointed, everything goes well for several months, perhaps for the whole year, but, by that time, envy has done its work. Another candidate appears and larger promises are made or exacted. The petition is now to the effect that the master is as bad as he was formerly good and that the new candidate is the only man who can repair the injury done to the school. When any reluctance is shown to comply with the request, it is pretty plainly intimated that if the new man is not accepted there will be no children at school next year.\n\nSomething of this nature is now going on at Little Hongkong. The master there was the people's choice some years ago. It so happens that the Ti-po of the village has a son who aspires to the office of school-master. Towards the end of the year, the Ti-po headed a deputation from the village and presented a petition against the present school-master and in favour of the aspiring one. The catalogue of the former's demerits was long, but not longer than that of the latter's merits. An attempt was made to convince the deputation that they were greatly to blame for not making the charges at the time the faults were alleged to have occurred, thus giving an opportunity of enquiry into them. They had no time to come and do so was all their answer.\n\nThe school-master was informed of what had been done and probably taxed the village with their deceit, for they soon returned with a complete change of argument. The present master had enjoyed the salary for many years and it was now time that another should have his turn of it. This was not to be listened to and the deputation was plainly told so. Shortly after, the Ti-po returned alone and wanted to know definitely whether the new master would be accepted or not. When told that he certainly would not, the old man retorted so impudently that there should then be no scholars that nothing but his gray hairs saved him from forcible extrusion. A scheme of similar sort is understood to be maturing at Ma-t'an Ts'ün. As has been often said, the Government is the obliged party when the villagers condescend to let their children learn to read.\n\nPerhaps the greatest educational want in Hongkong is that of a school, or schools, for European and American children of both sexes. In spite of the facilities afforded by St. Saviour's College and the Convent, many residents must have much difficulty in knowing how to get their children taught. The school need not be a free one. After the preliminary expenses of Site and Building, with which Government might fairly charge itself, the fees would go far to make the school self-supporting. It has been often suggested that the Colonial Chaplain might have such a school under his immediate care, but subject to Government supervision.\n\nAttention is, as usual, called in Table VI to the number of uneducated children in the Colony. This is done simply because it is well to have such a fact fairly presented and fairly looked at. If blame is attachable to any one, it is to the parents, because they have only to show the slightest willingness to have their children taught to secure attention to their case. It will probably be sufficiently evident from what has already been said that if left to themselves the parents, in the majority of instances, have no great desire for the instruction of their children. If education were made obligatory, one point would certainly be gained, but only one. The extreme poverty of many of the people in the villages and in boats would throw on the Government the onus of clothing and feeding, as well as educating, if any compulsory scheme were enacted.\n\nTo find an exact parallel to the state of things here we must go back a century or two in the history of our own country. Education there has not had its present extensive diffusion by any fault of its own. It has been a gradual and a very gradual process. We have the whole of that gradual process to go through in Hongkong, although there is a tendency in most of us to forget or ignore that fact, and to imagine that the nineteenth century in England means the nineteenth century in Hongkong, which comes to the same thing, that there is no reason why what is done in England should not happen here.\n\nAs the Central School advances my time is more and more required in it. As each additional master has been added more work has been rendered possible, and as long as the possible is not actual, a school is not in the state in which it ought to be.\n\nI have the honour to remain,\n\nYour most obedient Servant,\n\nFREDERICK STEWART,\nInspector of Government Schools.\n\n**TABLE I**\n\nNUMBER of SCHOLARS taught in the Government Schools during 1870, and Expense of each School.\n\n| School | Boys | Girls | TOTAL | EXPENSE |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| 1. Aberdeen | 34 | 3 | 37 | $123.00 |\n| 4. Ap-li Chan | 52 | 11 | 63 | 374.00 |\n| 3. Bowrington | 68 | - | 68 | 337.00 |\n| 4. Central School | 521 | 49 | 570 | 10,527.17 |\n| 5. Girls' School |  | 18 | 18 | 51.95 |\n| 6. Hok Ün | 14 | - | 14 | 61.50 |\n| 7. Hang Honi | 20 | - | 20 | 64.00 |\n| 8. Little Hongkong | 21 | - | 21 | 48.71 |\n| 9. Ma-t'an Ch'ung | 35 | 30 | 65 |  |\n| 10. Ma-t'in Ts'ün | 26 | - | 26 | €3.50 |\n| 11. Mong Kok | 41 | - | 41 | 114.38 |\n| 12. Cháu ki Wán | 35 | - | 35 | 70.00 |\n| 13. Shek Shan | 51 | - | 51 | 324.00 |\n| 14. Stanley | 53 | - | 53 | 126.00 |\n| 15. Tang-lung Chau, (Hak-ka) | 41 | - | 41 | 181.50 |\n| 16. Tang-lung Chau, (Pán-ti) | 25 | - | 25 | 51.25 |\n| 17. To-kwa Wán, (Hak-ka) | 16 | 6 | 22 | 63.00 |\n| 18. To-kwa Wan, (Hok-lo) | 44 | 4 | 48 | 958.00 |\n| 19. Webster's Crescent | 52 | 4 | 56 | 259.00 |\n| 20. West End | 64 | - | 64 | 249.00 |\n| 21. West Point, (Hak-ka) | 74 | 4 | 78 | 265.00 |\n| 22. West Point, (Pún-ti) | 21 | - | 21 | 122.00 |\n| 23. Wong-nai Chung | 49 | 3 | 52 | 51.25 |\n| 24. You-ma Ti |  |  |  |  |\n|  | 1,101 | 111 | 1,802 | 14,232.01 |",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-150 - Lieut Governor Whitfield - 1871 [5-6].txt",
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    {
        "id": 288500,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-158 - Sir Kennedy - 1872 [6-8]",
        "page_number": 445,
        "title": "CO129-158 - Sir Kennedy - 1872 [6-8]",
        "content_text": "Page 433\n\n57\n\nderecho\n\nAntes de terminar esta\n\nacta devemos hacer constar que\n\nlos Sres Chaca\n\ny\n\nTorre Bueno\n\ntenian una cuestión de dinero\n\npendiente que el Sr Checa\n\nqueria\n\ndejar terminada a todo coste.\n\nA continuación..\n\nHongkong, fecha ut supra,\n\n(Firmado) Doré Rodriguez Trujillo.\n\n(Firmado) Chi Leong Fong.\n\nOh:\n\nL. de la Rosa.\n\nAntes de batirse;\n\nmas en vista\n\nde la resistencia del Sr Torre\n\nBueno\n\ny\n\nde no\n\nhaber se podido\n\nponer de acuerdo los testigos\n\nel\n\nSr Checa desistió de su pretensión para que el duelo pudiera tener lugar inmediatamente.\n\nY para que conste expedimos la presente acta firmando\n\n(Firmado) Manuel Ginard\n\n(Firmado) P. Currique\n\nEl dia veinte\n\ny nueve de Julio de mil ochocientos setenta\n\ny dos, à las seis de la mañana\n\nse\n\npresentaron en el muelle de",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-158 - Sir Kennedy - 1872 [6-8].txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 288925,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-159 - Sir Kennedy - 1872 [9-12]",
        "page_number": 298,
        "title": "CO129-159 - Sir Kennedy - 1872 [9-12]",
        "content_text": "296\n\nState\n\n1\n\nthings. Understand from them\n\nthat the special inspection »\" is rendered\n\nAtt\n\nlencent\n\nMart\n\nposebe\n\nmaster later\n\nno notrie\n\nloy\n\nthes\n\nin their places.\n\ntuy\n\nof which\n\n1\n\nin the Harbour\n\nX\n\n(non\n\nbarricades, pratings,\n\nust actually fitted\n\nthe ormance adap-\n\nthe provisions of\n\nthe kidnapping act\n\ndraft has been\n\nordered to be\n\nsent home, will perhaps check the par-ticipation other Hay Kay people in the\n\nprofits of\n\nlow.\n\nthe means trade; but it will.\n\nconsiderable time before it is\n\ntime the Portuguese\n\nJ\n\nforces\n\nIn the mean\n\nCan Jay\n\nthat the fittings q\n\ntheir ships\n\nhas been approved by an official of the Hay Kay Government.\n\n7\n\nRun Du 9/12\n\nartedlying this\n\nuld we calamarote\n\nberputile fout met\n\nи\n\nmater factory\n\nChe\n\nThe\n\nchartre\n\nparentings reported\n\nI uranlat\n\nin it\n\n04\n\nshowing\n\nTh\n\nneufity for fresh legislation\n\nK8u11/72\n\nFu XXVIL\n\nConfidential\n\nNo\n\nGovernment House\n\nHong Kong\n\n19th October 1873.\n\nMy Lord.\n\nI have the honor\n\nto acknowledge the\n\nreceipt of your Secret and Confidential Despatch\n\ndated 12th August\n\n24 7746.\n\n187/2, Requesting information\n\nas\n\nCarl Kimberly",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-159 - Sir Kennedy - 1872 [9-12].txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 291890,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-164 - Sir Kennedy - 1873 [7-9]",
        "page_number": 569,
        "title": "CO129-164 - Sir Kennedy - 1873 [7-9]",
        "content_text": "# 566\n\n26. Ap-li Chau which, in 1869, had simply a free site, received last year a grant-in-aid, the site being abandoned. This is by far the best of these schools and, if classified with the whole of the Village Schools, without regard to grant or otherwise, would stand ninth in order. The highest number of scholars on the roll was 41 and the lowest 30. The regular attendance averaged 31.\n\n27. These schools differ from the ordinary Village Schools simply in this, that the villagers provide the school-house and select the master, who gets, or is supposed to get, one half of his salary, in kind, from the parents of his scholars and the other half, amounting to sixty dollars a year, from Government.\n\n28. It was thought, at the commencement, that this system of grants-in-aid would meet many difficulties and might probably be extended in time to all the Village Schools. It enables the villagers to choose their own school-master, a privilege which they consider peculiarly their own and which they very reluctantly resign. It was thought, also, that by having to provide one half the master's salary they would be more anxious to have their children taught by way of a return for the expense incurred, and that they would be a check on the master,--a safeguard, I am sorry to say, not so unnecessary as it might be.\n\n29. Those hopes are a long way from their realization. Application for a grant-in-aid in too many cases means simply a source of revenue to the village. Government is a fair object for plunder.\n\nThe next step is a want of a school discerned by a needy and place-less school-master. The next is a circuit of the village, full of promises of many good things to come. The next is a petition, composed by himself, but purporting to be from the villagers, setting forth the poverty of the village as extreme, the ignorance of the children as appalling and the merits of the aspiring school-master as unparalleled. The last step is a deputation for the presentation of the petition. All this is, outwardly, as it should be; but, behind so much fair seeming, there has been no lack of chicanery, --a hard driven bargain on the part of the villagers for so much hard cash for the privilege of teaching their children, but probably taking the form of so much rent for the school-house, albeit the petition distinctly states that the village provides the school-house free.\n\n30. When the master is appointed, everything goes well for several months, perhaps for the whole year, but, by that time, envy has done its work. Another candidate appears and larger promises are made or exacted. The petition is now to the effect that the master is as bad as he was formerly good and that the new candidate is the only man who can repair the injury done to the school. When any reluctance is shown to comply with the request, it is pretty plainly intimated that if the new man is not accepted there will be no children at school next year.\n\n31. Something of this nature is now going on at Little Hongkong. The master there was the people's choice some years ago. It so happens that the Ti-po of the village has a son who aspires to the office of school-master. Towards the end of the year, the Ti-po headed a deputation from the village and presented a petition against the present school-master and in favour of the aspiring one. The catalogue of the former's demerits was long, but not longer than that of the latter's merits. An attempt was made to convince the deputation that they were greatly to blame for not making the charges at the time the faults were alleged to have occurred, thus giving an opportunity of enquiring into them. They had no time to come and do so was all their answer.\n\n32. The school-master was informed of what had been done and probably taxed the villagers with their deceit, for they soon returned with a complete change of argument. The present master had enjoyed the salary for many years and it was now time that another should have his turn of it. This was not to be listened to and the deputation was plainly told so. Shortly after, the Ti-po returned alone and wanted to know definitely whether the new master would be accepted or not. When told that he certainly would not, the old man retorted so impudently that there should then be no scholars that nothing but his gray hairs saved him from forcible extrusion. A scheme of a similar sort is understood to be maturing at Ma-t'au Ts'ün. As has been often said, the Government is the obliged party when the villagers condescend to let their children learn to read.\n\n33. Attention is, as usual, called in **Table VI** to the number of uneducated children in the Colony. This is done simply because it is well to have such a fact fairly presented and fairly looked at. Blame is attachable to any one, it is to the parents, because they have only to show the slightest willingness to have their children taught to secure attention to their case. It will probably be sufficiently evident from what has already been said that if left to themselves the parents, in the majority of instances, have no great desire for the instruction of their children. If education were made obligatory one point would certainly be gained, but only one. The extreme poverty of many of the people in the villages and in boats would throw on the Government the onus of clothing and feeding, as well as educating, if any compulsory scheme were enacted.\n\n34. To find an exact parallel to the state of things here we must go back a century or two in the history of our own country. Education there has not had its present extensive diffusion by any fiat. It has been a gradual and a very gradual process. We have the whole of that gradual process to go through in Hongkong, although there is a tendency in most of us to forget or ignore that fact, and to imagine that the nineteenth century in England means the nineteenth century in Hongkong, or which comes to the same thing, that there is no reason why what is done in England should not have its exact counterpart here. It is argued, moreover, that education is universal in China and that the poorest 'coolie' can read and write. This is one of the many fallacies which prevail on the subject of China and its people. It is only after a certain stage of material comfort has been reached that people can turn their thoughts to anything which is not material; and, until we have many more people among the poorer classes in Hongkong who have not to go and earn a meal before they can eat it, it is almost folly to discuss comprehensive schemes of education for their benefit. Those who have been in the way of visiting the villages on the mainland say that the state of Hongkong is not peculiar. Every village has its school, but only a fraction of the village children attend it. As the Chinese Government affords them no assistance, those who wish their children taught must take the whole burden of the school-master's salary on themselves. This, in such poverty-stricken places, excludes the very poor, who are by far the majority; and if poor parents, by dint of much self-denial, should be able to send one of the family to school, it is all that they can possibly accomplish. The result is that, while ten or twelve may be found in the school, scores of children are to be seen on the hill-sides tending the cattle.\n\n35. Perhaps the greatest educational want in Hongkong is that of a school, or schools, for European and American children of both sexes. In spite of the facilities afforded by St. Saviour's College and the Convent, many residents must have much difficulty in knowing how to get their children taught. The school need not be a free one. After the preliminary expenses of Site and Building, with which Government might fairly charge itself, the fees would go far to make the school self-supporting. It has been often suggested that the Colonial Chaplain might have such a school under his immediate care, but subject to Government supervision. Under whatever regulations it might ultimately be placed, such a school is very much wanted, and it is matter of astonishment that parents have not long ago made a strenuous movement in this direction.\n\n36. I have only, in conclusion, to add that I should be very glad if the state of the Village Schools were such as to enable me to pay them fewer than monthly visits. As the Central School advances my time is more and more required in it. As each additional master has been added more work has been rendered possible, and as long as the possible is not actual, a school is not in the state in which it ought to be.\n\nI have the honour to remain,\nSir,\nYour most obedient Servant,\n**FREDERICK STEWART, Inspector of Government Schools.**\n\nThe Honourable J. GARDINER AUSTIN,\nColonial Secretary, &c., &c.\n\n## TABLE I\n**NUMBER of SCHOLARS taught in the Government Schools during 1870, and Expense of each School.**\n\n| School | Boys | Girls | Total | Expense |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| 1. Aberdeen | 53 |  | 53 | $40.00 |\n| 2. Ap-li Chau | 24 | 9 | 33 | $374.00 |\n| 3. Bowrington |  |  |  |  |\n| 4. Central School | 337 |  | 337 | $10,527.17 |\n| 5. Giels School |  |  |  | $576.50 |\n| 6. Hok Un |  |  |  | $51.25 |\n| 7. Hung Hom |  |  |  | $61.50 |\n| 8. Little Hongkong | 48 |  | 48 | $64.00 |\n| 9. Ma tàu Chung | 65 |  | 65 | $48.71 |\n| 10. Ma-t'an Ts'ün | 63 |  | 63 | $65.00 |\n| 11. Mong Kok |  |  |  | $63.50 |\n| 12. Shui hi Wáng |  |  |  | $114.38 |\n| 13. Shek Shán | 70 |  | 70 | $70.00 |\n| 14. Stanley | 324 |  | 324 | $324.00 |\n| 15. Tang-lung Chau, (Hak-ka) | 126 |  | 126 | $126.00 |\n| 16. Tang-lung Chau, (Pún-ti) |  |  |  | $184.50 |\n| 17. To-kwa Wan, (Hak-ka) | 51 |  | 51 | $51.25 |\n| 18. To-kwa Wán, (Hok-lo) | 6 |  | 6 | $63.00 |\n| 19. Webster's Crescent | 4 |  | 4 | $358.00 |\n| 20. West End | 3 |  | 3 | $259.00 |\n| 21. West Point, (Hak-ka) | 249 |  | 249 | $249.00 |\n| 22. West Point, (Pún-ti) |  |  |  | $265.00 |\n| 23. Wong-nai Chung | 3 |  | 3 | $122.00 |\n| 24. You-ma Ti |  | 111 | 111 |  |\n| Total | 1,191 | 111 | 1,302 | $14,232.01 |",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-164 - Sir Kennedy - 1873 [7-9].txt",
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    {
        "id": 301936,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-181 - Governor Hennessy - 1878 [1-8]",
        "page_number": 97,
        "title": "CO129-181 - Governor Hennessy - 1878 [1-8]",
        "content_text": "## Timber Jetties\n\nTimber jetties are permitted into the Prage wall to the level of the top. As sill is laid only above a thick layer from the top. At these piers is apt to be shaken during typhoons but the Count on the masonry of larger stones and better workmanship in the new wall will greatly check this.\n\nThe second rule will muder the ground at the che string sey Meredary PU of masonry, back the beams of the jetty are passed in through spaces made by the removal of coping stones, and bolted down to the sill as shown in the hand-sketch.\n\nUnder these circumstances the sill is a one for without this support from the shore most of the piers could not stand at all owing to the piles for the first 30 feet out being as a rule only driven down a few feet of the hardness of the bottom, and where pack prevails the general use of mud sills on sleepers of trestles. Though a good vertical form of resting support gives them stability against side or longitudinal strains or shocks.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-181 - Governor Hennessy - 1878 [1-8].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 308977,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-193 - Governor Hennessy - 1881 [5-7]",
        "page_number": 317,
        "title": "CO129-193 - Governor Hennessy - 1881 [5-7]",
        "content_text": "218\n\n( 12 )\n\nLIST OF PASSENGERS,--- Continued.\n\n( 13 )\n\nLIST OF PASSENGERS, --- Continued.\n\n  \n    No.\n    Names and Surnames of Passengers.\n    Male.\n    Fe-\nmale.\n    Age.\n    Profession, Occupation, or Calling of Passenger.\n    Native Place, Village and District.\n    Port at which the Passengers have Contracted to Land.\n    Whether Free or Hired Emigrants.\n  \n  \n    533\n    Tseong Yoong Fom,\n    25\n    \n    \n    Gold Digger,\n    Ty Kong,\n    Sydney,\n    Free.\n  \n  \n    534\n    Cho Suey,\n    \n    \n    603\n    Tuen Un,\n    32\n    of Poon Ü,\n    \n  \n  \n    535\n    Chow Ko,-\n    \n    25\n    +3\n    \"\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    536\n    Loong Kwa,\n    \n    \n    604\n    Lee Mee,\n    45\n    27\n    \n  \n  \n    537\n    Loong Ken,\n    \n    \n    605\n    Tuen Bing,\n    \"\n    24\n    *\n  \n  \n    538\n    Chow Woy,\n    \n    \n    \n    Nam Chuen,\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    539\n    Chow Kemg,\n    \n    \n    606\n    \n    27\n    Kong Chow, -\n    of Poon Ü,\n  \n  \n    540\n    Chow Moo,\n    \n    \n    607\n    Som Cheong,\n    40\n    22\n    \n  \n  \n    541\n    Chow Bing,\n    \n    \n    608\n    Som Wong,\n    33\n    \"\n    \n  \n  \n    542\n    Chow Yun,\n    \n    \n    609\n    Som Sun,\n    32\n    33\n    13\n  \n  \n    543\n    Chow Tse,\n    \n    \n    53\n    28\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    544\n    Lock Bun,\n    2\n    333\n    3*******\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    610\n    Som Chook,\n    \"\n    21\n    \"\n    27\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    611\n    Chi Chua,\n    11\n    33\n    >>\n    \"\n    24\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    612\n    Soe P'ho,\n    31\n    2\n    28\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    613\n    Cho York,\n    73\n    31\n    24\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    614\n    73\n    Yip Chuen,\n    48\n    27\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    615\n    Soe She, -\n    \"\n    \"\n    23\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    545\n    Chung Heong,\n    37\n    \n    \n    616\n    Soe Toong,\n    \"\n    >\"\n  \n  \n    35\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    وو\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    617\n    5-16\n    Cho Pack,\n    18\n    \n    Soe Chap. -\n    33\n    33\n    33\n  \n  \n    618\n    Soe Kwa,\n    \n    \n    \n    547\n    Chow Ko,-\n    45\n    \">\"\n  \n  \n    \"\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    73\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    548\n    Cho King,\n    50\n    \n    \n    619\n    Soe Kwan,\n    35\n    \"}\"\n  \n  \n    22\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    620\n    Soe Chee,\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    549\n    Cho roon,\n    30\n    ور\n    1\n    37\n    21\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    621\n    \n    \n    \n    550\n    Chung Chee,-\n    20\n    Soe Ching,\n    73\n  \n  \n    37\n    37\n    \n    \n    \n    551\n    Cho Ching,\n    622\n    48\n  \n  \n    Yü Mon,\n    وو\n    J\n    \n    31\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    623\n    \n    \n    552\n    Kong Ket,\n    29\n    Soe Yook,-\n    32\n    15\n  \n  \n    37\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    624\n    Soe Kee,\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    553\n    Chow Yü,-\n    >\n    \"\n    \"\n    625\n    Choo Chec,\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    554\n    Choi Tại,\n    34\n    دو\n    وو\n    5\n    11\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    626\n    \n    \n    555\n    Chow Tson,\n    27\n    Tuen Hoong,-\n    **\n    ,,\n  \n  \n    627\n    Tuen Chee,\n    \n    556\n    Chow Yü,\n    50\n    17\n    13\n    \n  \n  \n    628\n    \n    \n    557\n    Chow Shing,\n    42\n    Soe Choy,\n    و\"\n    $3\n  \n  \n    629\n    Soe Fook,-\n    \n    538\n    Ho Wah,\n    40\n    12\n    >>\n    \"\n  \n  \n    630\n    Soe Chee,\n    \n    559\n    Loong To,-\n    25\n    1\n    13\n    13\n  \n  \n    631\n    Moo Kook,\n    \n    560\n    Lee Fook,\n    23\n    \"\n    33\n    \n  \n  \n    632\n    Moo Lee,\n    \n    561\n    Lee Mun, -\n    19\n    \"\n    5\n    \n  \n  \n    633\n    Moo Yuen,\n    \n    562\n    Lee Tick,\n    39\n    19\n    5\n    \n  \n  \n    634\n    Moo Moon,\n    \n    563\n    Lee She, -\n    38\n    \"\n    15\n    \n  \n  \n    635\n    Mok Yom,\n    \n    564\n    Lee Ow,\n    26\n    2)\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    636\n    Chan Mee,\n    \n    565\n    Wong Kun,\n    24\n    >\n    23\n    \n  \n  \n    637\n    Chan To, -\n    \n    566\n    Chu Suey,\n    20\n    11\n    J1\n    \n  \n  \n    638\n    50%\n    Lum Mce,-\n    21\n    21\n    11\n    25\n    \"\n    \n  \n  \n    Kong Mee,\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    668\n    Aun Ta,\n    19\n    21\n  \n  \n    13\n    >\n    \n    \n    \n    639\n    569\n    Wo Yick,-\n    47\n  \n  \n    Kong Toong,\n    \n    \n    12\n    +7\n    J\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    640\n    570\n    Chow Moon,\n    44\n    Melbourne,\n    Kong Yun,\n    13\n    >\n    \n  \n  \n    641\n    Lor Chow,\n    \n    571\n    Tseong Tsow,\n    30\n    >>\n    J7\n    \n  \n  \n    642\n    572\n    Kwon Chew,-\n    32\n    +1\n    Chan Sing,\n    27\n    53\n    \n  \n  \n    573\n    Chow Yook,\n    40\n    >\n    19\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    643\n    Kong Fook,\n    \n    574\n    Chow Yin,\n    26\n    かす\n    71\n    \n  \n  \n    644\n    575\n    Lor Yee,\n    48\n    Tin Miner,\n    *\n    Sydney,\n    Ng Nie,\n    22\n  \n  \n    645\n    576\n    Lor Man,\n    39\n    \n    Wong Shing,\n    17\n    \"3\n    \n  \n  \n    577\n    Lor Kee,\n    45\n    T\n    *\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    646\n    578\n    Lor Shee,\n    43\n    Yun Kwong,-\n    22\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    579\n    Lor Shun,-\n    25\n    11\n    \n    647\n    Yun Chü, .\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    580\n    Yip Yoong,\n    28\n    25\n    ་་\n    \"\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    648\n    Kwo Man Kec,\n    \n    591\n    Kong Bun,\n    92\n    \"\n    3\n    \n  \n  \n    582\n    Cho Wai,\n    30\n    33\n    17\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    649\n    \n    \n    583\n    Som Yuet,\n    \n    Kwo Ping,\n    15\n    \n  \n  \n    650\n    Tye Chack,\n    \n    584\n    Cho Bua,\n    \n    \n    }\n    \n  \n  \n    585\n    Cho Kong,\n    38\n    :)\n    21\n    J\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    651\n    Hoong Yuen,\n    \n    586\n    Cho Huen,\n    20\n    #\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    662\n    Hoong Poy,\n    \n    587\n    Cho Vịp,\n    20\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    653\n    Chan Cheong,\n    \n    588\n    Cho Nie,\n    21\n    \"\n    37\n    \n  \n  \n    664\n    Hoong Bug,\n    \n    589\n    Cho Ko,\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    589\n    Cho Hoy, -\n    24\n    \n    656\n    Ü Tem,-\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    592\n    Soe Sa,\n    23\n    \n    657\n    Lum Sin Som,\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    593\n    Cho Thi,\n    40\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    594\n    Chow Yoong,\n    20\n    \n    658\n    Hor Tick Hong,\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    505\n    Soi Choi, -\n    29\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    596\n    Kong La,\n    92\n    13\n    \n    659\n    Chin Chee Sun,-\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    597\n    Tuen Yut,-\n    1.7\n    23\n    \"\n    660\n    Shee Shoong Hing,\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    598\n    Cho Foe,\n    39\n    J\n    \n    661\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    599\n    Then Yook,\n    30\n    \n    662\n    Tan Yung Tong,\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Ho Lin Ches,-\n    \n    \n    \n    600\n    Tuen Chan,\n    17\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    663\n    Wong Hoong Churd, -\n    \n    2\n    =*=******=*=*==-N≈38*********\n    ****\n    ***\n    *\n    37\n  \n  \n    28\n    89233\n    5*\n    *\n    **88*\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    14\n    Tin Miner,\n    \n    Nam Chuen, of Poon U,\n    \n    Sydney,\n    \n    Free.\n    \n  \n  \n    \"\n    25\n    **\n    23\n    \n    22\n    \n    23\n    \n  \n  \n    وو\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    23\n    \n    JJ\n    \n  \n  \n    17\n    *\n    \n    予高\n    \n    >\n    \n    1\n    \n  \n  \n    \"\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    39\n    **\n    21\n    \n  \n  \n    15\n    J\n    \n    23\n    \n    事业\n    \n    \"\n    \n  \n  \n    \"\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    33\n    37\n    \"\"\n    \n  \n  \n    95\n    11\n    \n    30\n    \n    23\n    \n    J\n    \n  \n  \n    \"\"\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    24\n    \"\n    \"\n    \n  \n  \n    >>\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    11\n    25\n    وو\n    \n  \n  \n    23\n    J\n    \n    >>\n    \n    23\n    \n    1\n    \n  \n  \n    57\n    J\n    \n    24\n    \n    42\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Gold Digger,\n    \n    Ting Shan,\n    \n    of Phar Yuen,\n    \n    }\n    \n    27\n  \n  \n    24\n    \n    25\n    J\n    \n    22\n    \n    وو\n    \n  \n  \n    3\n    \n    44\n    *\n    *\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Labourer,\n    \n    26\n    \n    Tye Lek,\n    \n    of Poon Ú,\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    Sheong Chuen, of Phar Yuen,\n    \n    Sheong Chuen, of Sun Ning,\n    \n    \n    Lor Chow,\n    \n    of Heong Show,\n    \n  \n  \n    \"\n    \n    33\n    \n    Melbourne,\n    \n    AARA\n    \n    **\n  \n  \n    \"\"\n    *\n    \n    བྷ རྨ ཐཱ སྐྱུ\n    \n    Sydney,\n    \n    身\n    \n  \n  \n    Sheong Tsoong,\n    \n    of Toong Kwoon,\n    \n    \n    **\n    \n    +\n    \n  \n  \n    Sheong Chuen, of Sun Ning,\n    \n    \n    \n    Melbourne,\n    \n    93\n    \n    13\n  \n  \n    37\n    *\n    \n    ཀྵ མཱ མྦ ཀྵ  ྐ\n    \n    37\n    \n    Trader,\n    \n  \n  \n    Sake Keo,\n    \n    \n    \n    Labourer,\n    \n    of Heong Shan,\n    \n    Toong Chuen,\n  \n  \n    Cooktown,\n    \n    Sydney,\n    \n    \n    33\n    \n    of Toong Kwoon,\n    \n  \n  \n    25\n    وو\n    \n    \"\n    \n    ور\n    \n    25\n    \n  \n  \n    37\n    \"\n    \n    \"\n    \n    *\n    \n    21\n    \n  \n  \n    \"\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    32\n    \n    Gold Digger,\n    \n  \n  \n    Leong To,\n    \n    \n    \n    601\n    \n    Tuen Yook,\n    \n    35\n  \n  \n    of Heong Shan,\n    \n    \n    602\n    \n    Cho Chan,\n    \n    18\n    \n  \n  \n    313\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n\nPage 219\n\n(To be continued)",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-193 - Governor Hennessy - 1881 [5-7].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 308979,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-193 - Governor Hennessy - 1881 [5-7]",
        "page_number": 319,
        "title": "CO129-193 - Governor Hennessy - 1881 [5-7]",
        "content_text": "(16)\n\nLIST OF PASSENGERS,-Continued.\n\n(17)\n\nMINUTE BY ACTING COLONIAL SECRETARY.\n\nFREDERICK STEWART,\n\nActing Colonial Secretary.\n\nMINUTE BY HIS EXCELLENCY THE GOVERNOR.\n\nI should be glad if the Acting Colonial Secretary, the Acting Registrar General, and Dr. EITEL would examine this list and question a sufficient number of the proposed emigrants to enable them to determine whether they are really free emigrants and under no contract of service whatever.\n\nJ. POPE HENNESSY.\n\n25th April, 1881.\n\n  \n    Male.\n    No.\n    Names and Surnames\nof\nPassengers.\n    Fe-\nmale.\n    Profession, Occupation,\nor Calling of Passenger.\n    Native Place, Village\nand District.\n    Age.\n    Age.\n    Port at which the Passengers have Contracted\nto Land.\n    Whether Free\nor Hired Emigrants.\n    Ticket.\n  \n  \n    \n    777\n    Ching Kit,\n    \n    Tin Miner,\n    of Heong Shan,\n    18\n    \n    Sydney,\n    Free.\n    \n  \n  \n    \n    778\n    Ching Fook,\n    \n    \n    \n    33\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    779\n    Ching Foon,\n    \n    \n    \n    \"\"\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    780\n    Chin Lau,\n    \n    \n    \n    21\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    781\n    Jue Shun,\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    782\n    Young Ng,\n    \n    \n    \n    15\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    783\n    Ching Ting,\n    \n    \n    \n    19\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    784\n    See Zee,\n    \n    \n    \n    25\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    785\n    Ching Yun,\n    \n    \n    \n    19\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    786\n    Sen Tat,\n    \n    \n    \n    30\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    787\n    Sen Chew,\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    789\n    Seu Bing,\n    \n    \n    \n    25\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    789\n    Seu Hing,\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    790\n    Seu Kwoon,\n    \n    \n    \n    35\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    791\n    Seu Hong,\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    792\n    Seu Chek,\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    793\n    *Sen Chun,\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    794\n    Ning Man,\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    795\n    Ning Sam,\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    796\n    Ning Kum,\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    797\n    Wong Toug,\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    798\n    Chow Chui,\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    799\n    Loo Tsoy,\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    800\n    Soe See,\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    801\n    Soe Troy,\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    802\n    Choy Ching,\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    803\n    Choy Kow,\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    804\n    Choy Wing,\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    805\n    Jue Ping,\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    806\n    Jue Chick,\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    807\n    Jue Lim,\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    808\n    Jue Wing,\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    809\n    Jue Cheong,\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    810\n    Jue Shing,\n    \n    Gold Digger,\n    of Sun Ning,\n    27\n    \n    Melbourne,\n    Free.\n    \n  \n  \n    \n    \n    Woy Loong,\n    \n    \n    of Ko Yü,\n    23\n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    \n    Leong To,\n    \n    \n    of Heong Shan,\n    36\n    \n    Sydney,\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    \n    Choy Shing Tack,\n    \n    Cook,\n    Yip Toong Poo,\n    \n    \n    Cooktown,\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    \n    Tack, Yip Toong Poo,\n    \n    \n    Yun Show,\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    \n    Liu Kee,\n    \n    \n    Yip Yune,\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    \n    Choy Lok,\n    \n    \n    Ching Yow,\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    \n    Lau Wang,\n    \n    \n    Lau Yune,\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    \n    Cheong Chan,\n    \n    \n    Ching Lai,\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    \n    Luü How,\n    \n    \n    Ching Kee,\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    \n    Lou Chow,\n    \n    \n    Chung Check,\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    \n    Wong Chun,\n    \n    \n    Chay Ting,\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    \n    Chew Shing,\n    \n    \n    Lou Yun,\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    \n    Soe Yin,\n    \n    \n    Lou Cheong,\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    \n    Mok Mooi,\n    \n    \n    Mok Kut,\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    \n    Chung Pie,\n    \n    \n    Tam Chung,\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    \n    Tam Tim,\n    \n    \n    Shew Kum,\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    \n    Tick Chee,\n    \n    \n    Lee Yü,\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    \n    Chun Wah,\n    \n    \n    Ching Sam,\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    \n    Yune Chun,\n    \n    \n    Cheong Wong,\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    \n    Chung Hoy,\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    Sydney,\n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    \n    \n    Male.\n    \n    \n    \n    Fe-male.\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    \n    \n    .163\n    \n    \n    \n    6\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    Total,\n    \n    .841\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n    (Signed)\n    \n    C. S. LEWIS.\n    \n    \n    \n  \n\nEXTRACT FROM REPORT BY THE ACTING COLONIAL SECRETARY AND\nACTING REGISTRAR GENERAL.\n\nIn compliance with His Excellency's instructions conveyed in his Minute of the 25th instant, the Acting Colonial Secretary and the Acting Registrar General met this morning, at 9 o'clock, at the Harbour Office, as arranged yesterday with the Emigration Officer.\n\nWhen the Emigration Officer had satisfied himself, we asked such questions as we thought necessary. In this way, we examined ten men, occupying two hours in so doing. We annex notes of the evidence, from which we satisfied ourselves that, if the emigrants were not free and under no contract of service, it would be impossible for us to show that they were not. Under these circumstances, we thought we had sufficiently carried out our instructions, and were preparing to leave, when His Excellency's Minute of the 26th instant was received. This was shown to the Emigration Officer, who was also informed that it would be communicated to him in the usual official way.\n\nFREDERICK STEWART,\n\nActing Colonial Secretary.\n\nJOHN GERRARD,\n\nActing Registrar General.\n\nHongkong, 26th April, 1881.\n\nNOTES OF EVIDENCE TAKEN AT AN EXAMINATION OF EMIGRANTS\nON THE 26TH APRIL, 1881.\n\nI\n\nLAM CHIU-SAM (No. 657).---I am a gardener. I am going to Cooktown. I have paid my own passage; $32. No relatives with me.\n\nI have been a gardener in Shek-k'i. I have got no assistance from any one with my passage money.\n\nIt is my own savings. I have never been abroad before. I have been in Hongkong 17 days, living in the \"Tin-i-tong.\" I have paid 50 cents for board.\n\nI had about 26 taels when I left Shek-ki. I have been at Shek-k'i from my birth. I earned about $3 a month. I am married and have two children.\n\nWONG A-CHAN (No. 712).-My uncle wants me to go to Sydney. He lives there. I paid my own passage: that is, my mother gave me the money. I am going with a brother. There are four of us going from Pák-shek. This is the first time I have been abroad. I have to return no portion of my earnings to any one for my passage. I will send money to my mother. My uncle is a coolie in the On-cheung Hong in Sydney. I am going to dig gold. I was a coolie in a cuttle-fish shop in Pák-shek. I earned a dollar a month. I brought $45 with me to Hongkong. I have been 5 days here. I lived in the \"I-on,\" Praya West, with friends. I paid nothing. I paid $42 for my passage to Sydney.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-193 - Governor Hennessy - 1881 [5-7].txt",
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        "id": 309187,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-193 - Governor Hennessy - 1881 [5-7]",
        "page_number": 527,
        "title": "CO129-193 - Governor Hennessy - 1881 [5-7]",
        "content_text": "LIST OF PASSENGERS,--Continued,\n\n(17)\n\nMINUTE BY ACTING COLONIAL SECRETARY,\n\n520\n\nFREDERICK STEWART,\n\nActing Colonial Secretary.\n\nMINUTE BY HIS EXCELLENCY THE GOVERNOR.\n\nI should be glad if the Acting Colonial Secretary, the Acting Registrar General, and Dr. ErTEL would examine this list and question a sufficient number of the proposed emigrants to enable them to determine whether they are really free emigrants and under no contract of service whatever.\n\nJ. POPE HENNESSY.\n\n777 Ching Kit,\n778 Ching Fook,\n779 Ching Foon,\n780 Chin Lan,\n781 Jue Shun,\n782 Young Ng,\n783 Ching Ting,\n784 See Zee,\n785 Ching Yun,\n786 Seu Tat,\n787 Seu Chew,\n788 Seu Bing,\n789 Seu Hing,\n790 Seu Kwoon,\n791 Sea Hong,\n792 Seu Chek,\n793 Sen Chun,\n794 Ning Man,\n795 Ning Sam,\n796 Ning Kum,\n797 Wong Tong,\n798 Chow Chu,\n799 Loo Tsoy,\n800 Soe See,\n801 Soc Tsoy,\n802 Choy Ching,\n803 Choy Kow,\n804 Choy Wing,\n805 Jue Ping,\n806 Jue Chick,\n807 Jue Lim,\n808 Jue Wing,\n809 Jue Cheong,\n810 Jue Shing,\n\n  \n    No.\n    Names and Surnames of Passengers.\n    Male.\n    Fe-male.\n    Age.\n    Profession, Occupation, or Calling of Passenger.\n    Native Place, Village and District.\n    Port at which the Passengers have Contracted to Land.\n    Whether Free or Engaged Emigrant.\n    Ticket.\n  \n  \n    37\n    Tio Miner\n    Male\n    \n    17\n    \n    of Hoong Shau\n    Sydney\n    Free\n    \n  \n  \n    \n    Tiek To\n    \n    Female\n    11\n    \n    \n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    Woy Loong\n    Male\n    \n    17\n    \n    of Sai Chuen\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    Leong To\n    \n    Female\n    23\n    \n    of Heong Shan\n    \n    \n    \n  \n  \n    \n    \n    Male\n    \n    35\n    Gold Digger\n    \n    Melbourne\n    Free\n    25th April, 1881\n  \n  \n    \n    \n    \n    Female\n    27\n    \n    of Sun Ning\n    Sydney\n    \n    \n  \n\nChoy Shing Tack,\nYip Toong Poo,\nYun Show,\nLiu Kee,\nYip Yune,\nChoy Lok,\nChing Yow,\nLai Wang,\nLai Yune,\nCheong Chan,\nChing Lai,\nLau How,\nChing Keo,\nLou Chow,\nChung Check,\nWong Chun,\nChay Ting,\nChew Shing,\nLou Yun,\nSoe Yin,\nLou Cheong,\nMok Mooi,\nMok Kut,\nChung Fic,\nTam Chung,\nTam Tim,\nShew Kum,\nTick Chee,\nLee Yü\n\nSUMMARY,\n\nTotal Males: 163\nTotal Females: 6\nTotal: 169\n\n(Signed)\nC. S. LEWIS.\n\nEXTRACT FROM REPORT BY THE ACTING COLONIAL SECRETARY AND ACTING REGISTRAR GENERAL.\n\nIn compliance with His Excellency's instructions conveyed in his Minute of the 25th instant, the Acting Colonial Secretary and the Acting Registrar General met this morning, at 9 o'clock, at the Harbour Office, as arranged yesterday with the Emigration Officer.\n\nWhen the Emigration Officer had satisfied himself, we asked such questions as we thought necessary. In this way, we examined ten men, occupying two hours in so doing. We annex notes of the evidence, from which we satisfied ourselves that, if the emigrants were not free and under no contract of service, it would be impossible for us to show that they were not.\n\nUnder these circumstances, we thought we had sufficiently carried out our instructions, and were preparing to leave, when His Excellency's Minute of the 26th instant was received. This was shown to the Emigration Officer, who was also informed that it would be communicated to him in the usual official way.\n\nFREDERICK STEWART,\nActing Colonial Secretary.\n\nJOIN GERRARD,\nActing Registrar General.\n\nHongkong, 26th April, 1881.\n\nNOTES OF EVIDENCE TAKEN AT AN EXAMINATION OF EMIGRANTS ON THE 26TH APRIL, 1881.\n\nLAM CHIU-SAM (No. 657).—\nI am a gardener. I am going to Cooktown. I have paid my own passage: $32. No relatives go with me. I have been a gardener in Shek-k'i. I have got no assistance from any one with my passage money. It is my own savings. I have never been abroad before. I have been in Hongkong 17 days, living in the “Tin-i-t'ong.” I have paid 50 cents for my board. I had about 26 taels when I left Shek-ki. I have been at Shek-k'i from birth. I earned about $3 a month. I am married and have two children.\n\nWONG A-CHAN (No. 712).—My uncle wants me to go to Sydney. He lives there. I paid my own passage: that is, my mother gave me the money. I am going with a brother. There are four of us going from Pák-shek. This is the first time I have been abroad. I have to return no portion of my earnings to any one for my passage. I will send money to my mother. My uncle is a coolie in the On-cheung Hong in Sydney. I am going to dig gold. I was a coolie in a cuttle-fish shop in Pák-shek. I earned a dollar a month. I brought $45 with me to Hongkong. I have been 5 days here. I lived in the \"I-on,\" Praya West, with friends. I paid nothing. I paid $42 for my passage to Sydney.",
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    {
        "id": 317666,
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        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-201 - Acting Governor Marsh - 1882 [6]",
        "page_number": 347,
        "title": "CO129-201 - Acting Governor Marsh - 1882 [6]",
        "content_text": "# The phong No 172 \n26th August, 1882.\n\n**Administrator** \nWilliam Henry Marsh CMG. \nto \n**The Right Honourable, The Earl of Kimberley** \n\nContagious Diseases Ordinances. Reports preparation of a Bill amending. Also proceedings taken to check Brothel Slavery.\n\nOne Enclosure \n\n## C \nThe Registrar General to the Colonial Secretary \nClo. No 2699 of 1882. \n(Copley) \nN33.\n\n## PECP \n346 \n\n**Registrar General's Office, 8th August, 1882.** \n\nReferring to my letter No 23 of 16th June last, in which I described the cases of three women who were rescued from brothels and the punishments awarded by the Magistrates to the persons who purchased or illegally detained them.\n\nI have now the honour to call Your Excellency's attention to three further cases.\n\n(1.) The case of Lam Chau, a married woman was decided on 18th July. She was decoyed into the Colony on the pretence of being employed as a wet nurse, and was made to serve in a brothel.\n\nThe Honourable I. Stewart, Acting Colonial Secretary.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-201 - Acting Governor Marsh - 1882 [6].txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 319730,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-205 - Public Offices - 1882",
        "page_number": 285,
        "title": "CO129-205 - Public Offices - 1882",
        "content_text": "## 114\n\nA Commission of Inquiry is agreed to that may examine the interference of Chinese cruizers with the junk trade of the Colony of Hong Kong, with a view to the due protection of the lawful interests of both the Colony and the Chinese Government.\n\nThe concessions made by China will prove, in my belief, of great advantage to China. But it must be remembered that this has never been found to be an argument of any value in discussions arising out of foreign trade. On the other hand, I regard them as of considerable significance to our import trade, that in opium included. Four ports are opened, two up the Great River and two on the sea coast, at which British subjects may reside. Six other ports are opened up the Great River, not for residence, but as ports of call for steamers. At Chung-king, the great mart of Western China, we are authorized to place a Consular Agent to protect our trade. Whenever steamers reach Chung-king, we are authorized to reside there.\n\nThese concessions, I say, are advantageous to China. They will incontestably augment her revenue. The benefit, materially, they confer upon us is in the increased opportunity they provide for the distribution of our imports. We insure at four points delivery of our goods for Tariff duty, and at six other points, not heretofore accessible except in Chinese junks, delivery, but from British vessels, as at an inland centre; that is to say, for the additional half-duty that enables us to certificate our imports. Morally, I believe that they benefit us no less. Of the political importance of multiplying points of contact, as a guarantee of better relations, I have spoken sufficiently often. In the exchange I have recommended to Her Majesty's Government, that guarantee is strengthened by the diminution of causes of dispute, of which the collection of abnormal taxation is one of the most fertile.\n\nThere is an apparent conflict between the arrangement stipulated in Article I and that in Article VI.\n\nMy original list of new ports included other places, notably Yo-chou, in Hu Nan; Ta-ku Shan, in Manchuria, the outport of a coal-field of value; and Shui-t'ung, on the west coast of Kuang Tung. I abandoned the two last because at neither, in the opinion of Mr. Hart, would a Customs agency prove remunerative.\n\nI had not been forgetful of the fact that undue extension of our Consular establishment would be unacceptable at home. So long as exterritoriality is a necessity, I am myself opposed to the congregation of British subjects at ports or places at which there is no British authority, or even to the opening of ports so circumstanced to our shipping. We are responsible as much for the control of our countrymen as for their protection. And, as I have observed under Section 2, there are many reasons why, in my opinion, the foreign Customs, a cosmopolitan service, could not advantageously be invested with such powers as would enable them to discharge the duties now discharged by Consuls, British or of other nationality, the office of general control, in fact. But I should not hesitate to entrust them with power to retain a ship's papers while she was in port, and, in the event of a dispute, pending reference to the Consul of her nation; and an arrangement of the kind at subsidiary ports would have much to recommend it. Where, on the other hand, the trade of a port was declared, by competent authority, to be unequal to the support of a foreign Customs establishment, there would be a double reason for not insisting on the access of our shipping to it. I abandoned Ta-ku Shan and Shui-t'ung accordingly.\n\nRegarding Yo-chou I was more tenacious. It is a centre of much importance, and the first argument urged against it, that it is not, properly speaking, upon the Great River, was of no great force. It was not until the last moment, therefore, that I surrendered it, and then under the following conditions. For the reasons earlier given I was myself desirous of definitively closing the case. A similar desire having been more than once manifested upon the other side, I undertook to accept the responsibility of declaring the case closed, provided that, in addition to all other stipulations enumerated, the Grand Secretary Li would consent to the immediate opening of the new ports and places of call specified in the Agreement, instead of leaving this step dependent on the understanding to be arrived at on the subject of port areas and the collection of inland duty on opium. The Grand Secretary showed a fair disposition to meet me half way; but he would still have postponed the opening of the ports for a twelvemonth from the receipt of the Imperial Decree for which I had stipulated, approving the Agreement we were about to sign. I pressed for six months, and the Grand Secretary finally consented, provided that I would withdraw Yo-chou from my list. On these terms I withdrew Yo-chou.\n\nAt Chung-king we shall neither reside nor deliver goods in foreign bottoms until steamers can reach the port. My impression is strong that, the rapids notwithstanding, steamers will eventually reach Chung-king. Whether this hope, which I base on the information I have received, be justified or not, another object which I had more immediately in view will be answered by the residence of an agent in the city. It is the port of destination to which large consignments of our imports are addressed. They are frequently, though covered by transit-duty certificates, detained en route by the li-kin collectorates, it may be those in the jurisdiction of Ssu Ch'uan, the province in which Chung-king stands, or in that of Hu Pei, through which they have to pass en route westwards. I had but recently a two years' debate over a claim on account of such detention, amounting to upwards of 21,000 taels. This was one of a series of cases defended on the not unusual ground that the goods detained were Chinese owned. It was aggravated by ill-treatment of the crews of the junks carrying the goods which again was excused by the common allegation that these had misrepresented facts. The Tsung-li Yamén, after long debate admitting that wrong had been done, sent down instructions to release the goods. These were not at first obeyed. The goods being at last released, the justice of the claim for indemnity was also in due time admitted; at least it was referred to the collectorate concerned. Then followed a discussion as to which government, that of Hu Pei or that of Ssu Ch'uan, was responsible. In the end, the British merchant interested was approached personally by the official sent down to Hankow from the collectorate to settle the matter; and the matter was then privately settled, I must add to my regret, by payment of something over one-half of the claim, the claimant preferring what he could make sure of down to awaiting the issue of further negotiation on the subject.\n\nThe above is a sample of an order of proceeding unhappily not at all without precedent; even at the ports parallel cases could be quoted. But the presence of the Consul is a certain check upon irregularity, and an agent at Chung-king—other advantages apart that are derivable from his presence there—will, I trust, do much to control it in the Upper Valley of the Great River. So far as the import trade is concerned, I look upon our newly-acquired position at Chung-king as one of the most important of the concessions made.\n\nIndependently of the better security it provides against discussions which are never otherwise than unpleasant, it insures an improved distribution of our manufactures at a mart of trade which is to the west what Hankow is to the centre of China. Lastly, it is a point of contact with a large and substantial native community.\n\nThe opening of the subsidiary river ports enumerated in Article I, to foreign shipping, was the subject of much discussion. It was finally agreed that they should be opened as calling-places for steamers. There will thus be at these neither resident community nor Consular establishment.\n\nThe access conceded to steamers excepted, trade at these ports of call will be conducted as it would at an inland centre. Steamers may land or ship passengers or goods, but by means of native boats only, and subject to the regulations in force affecting native trade; that is to say, that the goods they land or ship will be liable to li-kin or other abnormal taxation, just as they would if they were carried in native bottoms, unless protected by a transit-duty certificate. This protection, of course under Treaty, should equally avail them in native bottoms; otherwise, the only difference between the native craft and the steamer at these places is, that the latter may not land export produce for sale. It may carry it from the market at which it is purchased to a stated port for exportation, but may not dispose of it in transitu; that is to say, certificated produce shipped in the steamer is under the same conditions as certificated produce brought by canals or otherwise from an inland market. The boon is the right acquired by our steamers to frequent these places; the consequent increase of facility for trade, and the multiplication of points of contact—a chief source of hope for the future.\n\nThe provision in Article II for the definition of a settlement area where none has been previously defined I have said is but a pendant to the provision of Article I, that Her Majesty's Government should be recommended to allow the so-called Concessions at the different ports to be regarded as the area of exemption from li-kin.\n\nThe term concession, first adopted at Shanghae, is more or less a misnomer. It is applied, at some ports, as at Tien-tsin for instance, to the tracts of ground which, at the instance of the agents of various Governments, have been marked off as the ground within which their nationals may purchase building sites of the Chinese proprietors. At some ports, as, for instance, at Amoy, ground has either never been marked off at all, or if marked off has been left unoccupied because it was unsuitable. But at no point has the foreign community, of late years, been restricted to a particular plot of ground, be the tenure what it might. The acquisition of such particular plots is for many reasons useful, especially at a new port; but the words, \"or at other places,\" were introduced into Article XI of the Treaty of 1858, which provides for the acquisition of building sites at the open ports, for the express purpose of enabling British subjects,\n\n## 115\n\n... \n## 281",
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        "id": 319752,
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        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-205 - Public Offices - 1882",
        "page_number": 307,
        "title": "CO129-205 - Public Offices - 1882",
        "content_text": "# 303 \n\n## 153 \n\nhe discussed with him the question of raising the Tariff duty and li-kin excise upon opium, with a view to diminishing the taste for it. Nor had Thomas Wade any objection to make thereto. But, when Li Hung-chang arrived, your servant and he further discussed the matter with Thomas Wade on two occasions; Li Hung-chang having besides one separate conference with him alone; and at these conferences Thomas Wade maintained opinions at variance with those of your servants. There was a considerable change in his language (or he retracted much), and with reference to the augmentation of the price of opium, he showed as much irritation as if the change were something to be deplored.\n\nWere your servants to have agreed to a proposition he subsequently made, that 80 taels a chest should be the fixed amount [of opium taxation], this would have added little [to the present cost of the drug, and not only could it have effected nothing towards diminishing the appetite for it, but, by increasing the trade in foreign opium, it would have expanded the area of its distribution, and would have supplied an excuse for the cultivation of the poppy in the interior, and the trade in native opium. Great inconvenience also would have attended the additional levy of the li-kin.\n\nHis scheme, therefore, while its proper object, namely, the increase of the duty and li-kin, would be in great part defeated, being also otherwise impracticable, your servant would propose that, in addition to the import Tariff duty of 30 taels, which will be collected as heretofore at a central port, the collection of li-kin at such central port shall be left in the hands of the Chinese authorities. A central li-kin collectorate should be established in the vicinity of this central port, and a clean-handed and capable officer of high rank should be deputed to take general control of the collection of li-kin upon foreign opium. All foreign opium, after payment of the import Tariff duty, should be allowed to be distributed for sale by the foreign merchants amongst the different ports, being deposited [on arrival at the central port] in hulks or godowns at his option. The Commissioner of Customs should then ascertain the number of chests imported, and report the same to the Central Collectorate, who should again inspect them, enter the number in a register, and affix a seal thereto. A triplicate certificate should then be drawn up, one portion of which should be retained in the Central Office as a counterfoil; one filled in and sent to the Commissioner of Customs as a means of verifying the third portion, which should be given to the foreign merchant as an authority to ship the opium for sale at any other open port. Seals should be placed on the folds of the triplicate pass, and numbers affixed, whereby the holder of any portion can check his certificate by the other portion. Thus smuggling, the mixture of foreign and native opium, and other frauds, will readily be detected at a glance.\n\nThe places of sale being thus clearly defined inspection and prevention will become possible, while uniformity of rates will make it easy to ascertain the exact amount of duty and li-kin [that is collected].\n\nThe above suggestion may possibly not be out of place in connection with a scheme for increasing the duty and li-kin on opium in the hope of successfully securing a restriction of its consumption.\n\n## vary.\n\nAs regards the manner in which duties are to be increased and li-kin raised, opinions **vary**. Some maintain that the treatment should be wholesale. In other words, that [all] the extra li-kin should be collected at the central port simultaneously with the duty taken from the foreign importer. Others contend that the treatment should be separate. In other words, that, in addition to an increase of one Tariff duty to the li-kin at the central port, a further li-kin should be levied from the native dealer at the centres of sale inland. One of these two methods must be the correct one, and the right of deciding between the respective merits of each rests with the Court, foreigners having nothing whatever to do with the question.\n\nBy the rules under which li-kin is now proposed to be levied, two inspections are to be made on two occasions, and herein is a vestige of the principle (cited above) under which, in the Chou dynasty, the idle agriculturist was kept in awe, and, in the Han dynasty, prohibitions against the use of wine were rigorously enforced. For every 100 catties of foreign opium will pay in all 150 taels duty and li-kin, a rate which will satisfy the requirements of principle and right. Although this amount is much lower than the tax of 100 per cent. of their value levied on local products exported from foreign countries, and of 200 per cent. levied on articles of consumption that are considered luxuries, the arrangement does not conflict with the ancient maxim, that \"punishments should be sparingly used and levies lightly imposed.”\n\nAs regards opium prepared from the poppy grown in China, in contravention of rule, the sale of which is extending, its use should be taxed by an increase of li-kin in the same manner as in the case of the foreign drug. As, however, the flavour of the native drug is not so rich or so strong as that of the foreign drug, it is not held in such esteem by smokers, and the price is lower than that of the latter. The increase of duty and li-kin upon it should, therefore, not be at the same rate as in the case of foreign opium, and the prohibitive principle will be complied with if it be muleted according to weight and price in the same proportion as foreign opium. The poorer classes, being then deterred by the price, will reduce their craving, and the results will be equally successful [with those predicated in the case of foreign opium].\n\nThe memorialist, in his ignorance, ventures to believe that the enforcement of strict prohibitions against the consumption of opium is a radical essential in the restriction of a popular vice and the ordering of public morality. At the present time, the ever-increasing diminution of price creates a corresponding increase of consumption, the evil effects of which become worse as they grow. And so, when prohibitive measures come to be considered, it becomes apparent that the only plan is to increase the duty and li-kin both on the foreign and on the native drug. It is not merely with the object of reaping a richer revenue that this increase is suggested. In ancient times [money] was only taken from the people within restricted limits; and, although taxation should undoubtedly incline towards the side of lightness, if the object in view is to regulate the morality of the present day on modern questions of principle, the principle involved being the prevention of the commission of what is wrong, the imposition of duty and li-kin to illustrate this prohibition cannot but lean towards the side of heaviness.\n\nWhen the people are purified from unclean habits, and are no longer cut off in their prime, the benefits that will spontaneously arise on the suppression of such vices will bring about results that will be apparent in the immediate future—results which will obviate the necessity of recourse to those arts by which a nation is enriched and strengthened, or to plans for securing the general welfare.\n\nThe memorialist would humbly beg their Majesties the Empress and the Emperor to send down this Memorial to the Princes, Ministers, six Boards, and nine Ministries of State, with orders to consider them in Council, and to decide in what points he is right and in what wrong, submitting a statement of their views to the throne. He would further pray that the provincial high authorities and Superintendents of Customs be directed to furnish Returns of the sales of foreign opium within their respective jurisdictions, the duty and li-kin originally imposed upon it, and the loss that is at present entailed by smuggling, with the reasons. Also to submit Returns of the extent of poppy cultivation, with the quantity of prepared opium that it produces, with draft Rules as to the manner in which the two inspections are to be conducted, and propositions as to the amount of increased duty and li-kin that should be imposed.\n\nHe would finally pray that they, one and all, be directed to furnish the above Reports within the space of one month from the date of the receipt of the Decree.\n\n## Inclosure 2 in No. 76.\n\n**Sir T. Wade to the Prince of Kung.**\n\nPeking, January 13, 1882.\n\nSir,\n\nI RETURNED from the south to Tien-tsin on the 27th November, and having exchanged visits with the Grand Secretary Li, his Excellency handed me for perusal an Imperial Decree which he had had the honour to receive on the 20th October, directing him, in concert with the Tsung-li Yamên, to consider the propositions of the Grand Secretary Tan regarding opium taxation, and to report thereon.\n\nWith this intimation of the Emperor's pleasure before me, I could have no difficulty whatever in at once resuming discussion of this important question with his Excellency, and I have now the honour to submit to your Imperial Highness a summary of the propositions which it becomes my duty to lay before Earl Granville as, in my opinion, entitled to the serious consideration of Her Majesty's Government.\n\nI must be allowed in the first place to recall to your Imperial Highness' recollection the circumstances under which the taxation of opium came once more to be discussed in 1876 at Chefoo.\n\nThe merchants of all nations having Treaties with China had been for years complaining that their trade was subjected inland to the imposition of taxes, especially of li-kin, in violation of Treaty engagements, and the Representatives of the Treaty Powers had in vain endeavoured to obtain for their respective mercantile communities such exemption from taxation as the Treaties, according to their interpretation of them, engaged to secure.",
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    {
        "id": 324233,
        "series_id": 27,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-214 - Public Offices & Others - 1883",
        "page_number": 265,
        "title": "CO129-214 - Public Offices & Others - 1883",
        "content_text": "942 16 Mai\n\n[CHAMBRE]\n\nSix millions d'hommes veulent se donner à nous avec leur beau pays, et, puisqu'il faut le dire, nous ne comprenons rien en Cochinchine aux hésitations du Gouvernement.\n\nOn s'imagine à tort, je crois, qu'il s'agit d'une expédition armée, d'une campagne, d'une aventure. Messieurs, nous n'aurions littéralement qu'à paraître pour que le Tonkin soit à nous... 1\n\nEh bien, la situation a changé.\n\nM. le rapporteur. Pas beaucoup ! M. Georges Perin. Vous reconnaissez vous-même qu'elle a changé, puisque dans votre rapport vous dites, parlant des 3,000 hommes de troupes françaises qu'on doit envoyer au Tonkin, et des 1,000 tirailleurs annamites: « Il a paru à votre commission que ce déploiement de forces était suffisant et que, d'autre part, il n'avait rien d'exagéré. »\n\nVous admettez donc aujourd'hui que, s'il suffit de paraître, il faut au moins paraître accompagné de quelques milliers d'hommes. (Approbation sur divers bancs.)\n\nVoilà ce qui me paraît changer singulièrement la question, mais aussi elle se trouve placée sous son vrai jour.\n\nC'est sans doute à cela que pensait M. le ministre des affaires étrangères, lorsqu'il disait au Sénat qu'il fallait se mettre en garde contre les entreprises romanesques. M. le ministre des affaires étrangères ne croyait pas probablement et ne croit pas aujourd'hui qu'il suffise de paraître au Tonkin pour s'en emparer; il pense qu'il faut y paraître accompagné d'un nombre d'hommes respectable et, par conséquent, engager les forces de la France dans...\n\nDÉBATS PARLEMENTAIRES\n\nAnnée 1883\n\nde vue économique la prise de possession du Tonkin ne pouvait donner que des avantages très contestables, et que l'opinion était victime d'une illusion en s'imaginant qu'on allait par là donner à notre commerce un marché considérable et créer des débouchés à nos industries.\n\nJ'ai dit que nous allons éparpiller nos forces tandis que nous avons le devoir de les concentrer en France.\n\nLorsqu'une première fois on a discuté la question, j'ai pu, en causant avec beaucoup de mes collègues, voir que, si on l'avait de grands doutes sur les avantages réels qu'on pourrait retirer d'une expédition au Tonkin, on n'en avait pas sur la difficulté qu'il y a à quitter un pays dont on a pris possession déjà, ce serait une reculade, une abdication, comme le dit le Gouvernement dans l'exposé des motifs.\n\nMais enfin, l'amour-propre national est engagé.\n\nSi l'amour-propre national était tellement engagé que nous dussions, ou lui faire subir un outrage grave, ou aller en avant, je ne vous proposerais pas de vous arrêter. J'estime qu'on doit être aussi soucieux de l'honneur du pays que du sien propre, et je ne proposerais jamais à mon pays une reculade, pas plus que je n'en accepterais pour moi-même.\n\nAujourd'hui, que pouvons-nous faire ? Nous ne sommes pas en possession du Tonkin; il ne s'agirait pas pour nous d'abandonner un pays que nous posséderions. Nous sommes toujours sous l'empire du traité de 1874; nous avons des garnisons dans trois villes, et puis... je n'ai pas parlé de ces faits pour ne pas allonger la discussion, nous avons cru devoir nous lier volontairement par une condamnation là-dessus.\n\nA moins qu'on ne veuille absolument prendre possession du pays, étendre notre empire colonial, je crois que cette solution serait acceptable. Mais ici, de ma discussion, j'ai à répondre à une opinion très répandue dans la Chambre et dont on peut trouver la trace dans les documents officiels.\n\nOn nous dit qu'il est nécessaire que la France ait aujourd'hui une politique coloniale, que la France s'affirme, ce qu'elle n'a pas fait peut-être dans ces dernières années, et montre qu'elle entend reprendre, comme puissance coloniale, le rang dont on a pu croire un instant qu'elle était déchue.\n\nDÉBATS PARLEMENTAIRES\n\n231\n\n16 Mai\n\n943\n\n[CHAMBRE]\n\nAppel à l'histoire, que cette colonie d'exploitation nous l'avons vue dans toute sa gloire, dans tout son développement se créer, prospérer et se développer aux Indes, dans les mains des Anglais. Je sais que, précisément à propos du Tonkin, le nom de l'Inde a été prononcé. On nous a dit: Il y a là une occasion de comment et promptement à ce résultat, que vous en étendant l'empire colonial de la France dans l'extrême Orient, en créant un grand empire français de l'Indo-Chine, nous aurons une compensation, et peut-être pourrons-nous ainsi nous consoler de ne plus avoir cet empire de l'Inde perdu autrefois.\n\nM. le comte de Douville-Maillefeu.\n\nM. Georges Perin. Ils verraient que l'Inde est aujourd'hui pour l'Angleterre une source de soucis très grands. (Nouvelles interruptions à gauche et au centre.)\n\nM. Georges Perin. Je dirai à ceux de mes collègues qui protestent que, s'ils suivaient le mouvement de l'opinion publique en Angleterre, s'ils lisaient tout ce qui est publié sur cette question, ils verraient que l'Inde coûte cher à l'Angleterre.\n\nM. le ministre des affaires étrangères. Il serait impossible, messieurs, de ne pas rendre pleine justice à la persévérance que M. Georges Perin a montrée dans son opposition. Les évènements, au lieu de la désarmer, l'affermissent.\n\nVoilà neuf ans que nous sommes établis au Tonkin, en vertu d'un traité. Nous avons dépensé pour cet établissement une somme importante, qui ne s'élève pas à moins de 9 millions, et qui devrait certainement être portée à un chiffre plus élevé, si l'on y faisait entrer les dépenses que nous avons à faire pour les navires en station. Chaque année une somme de 800,000 francs est inscrite au budget sous la rubrique Service du Tonkin. Eh bien, messieurs, à l'heure qu'il est, notre situation au Tonkin est précaire, embarrassée, sinon menacée.\n\nM. Jules Delafosse. Je l'ai dit.\n\nM. le ministre. Je vais essayer de vous démontrer que le projet qui vous est apporté est nécessaire et qu'il est suffisant pour mettre un terme à cette situation, pour substituer à un état de choses indécis, coûteux, stérile, une situation qui aura le mérite d'être précise et parfaitement définie.\n\nIl a été si souvent question dans cette Chambre de notre établissement au Tonkin, on en a si souvent raconté l'histoire, - M. Georges Perin lui-même en a rappelé tout à l'heure un des premiers et des plus glorieux épisodes, que je n'ai pas à y revenir. J'écarterai donc complètement le souvenir, d'ailleurs inutile dans cette discussion, des incidents pittoresques ou tragiques qui en ont marqué les différentes phases. Je m'arrête au traité de 1874.\n\nCe traité, c'est la base de notre action, c'est notre point de départ nécessaire. Malgré les lacunes qu'on a pu y signaler, malgré les clauses restrictives, gênantes, qu'il contient, ce traité impliquait cependant, pour la première fois, la reconnaissance formelle de nos possessions de la Cochinchine, il nous fournissait les moyens de purger le Tonkin de la piraterie et du brigandage, d'y ouvrir d'un champ plus ou moins fécond, mais à coup sûr très vaste et presque illimité.\n\nEn 1874, si j'ai bonne mémoire, M. Georges Perin n'était pas très éloigné de reconnaître qu'il était déjà difficile à la France de se retirer du Tonkin. Il y a deux ans, il vous demandait de dénoncer le traité de 1874, et il renouvelle aujourd'hui l'expression de cette opinion.\n\nM. le ministre des affaires étrangères. Il serait impossible, messieurs, de ne pas rendre pleine justice à la persévérance que M. Georges Perin a montrée dans son opposition.\n\nDu reste, il ne faudrait pas exagérer la salubrité du Tonkin. Lisez, comme je l'ai fait moi-même, les rapports de gens qui n'ont aucun intérêt à présenter le Tonkin comme un pays insalubre, puisqu'à une certaine époque ils y ont poussé les Français. Les rapports des missionnaires disent que, si le Tonkin est moins insalubre que la Cochinchine, il n'est pas d'une salubrité complète; ils parlent d'une fièvre très redoutable qui règne dans les parties montagneuses.\n\nVous trouverez dans les documents officiels dont je vous parlais tout à l'heure un compte rendu de M. le docteur Mage qui a exploré les provinces Nord du Tonkin, Il y est dit que, si le Nord est relativement salubre, les Européens devront se défier des provinces du Sud, dont la climatologie rappelle dans une certaine mesure celle de l'Hué, de funèbre mémoire.\n\nVous voyez donc que cette expédition peut présenter certains dangers. Eh bien, je crois que vous devez hésiter, et c'est ici que j'arrive à dire à la Chambre qu'elle peut et doit éviter de faire cette expédition.\n\nNous ne sommes pas dans des conditions aussi difficiles. Nous sommes vainqueurs, nous n'éprouvons aucune résistance; nous nous trouvons en face d'un traité que nous pouvons dénoncer comme cela s'est fait en...\n\nJe voudrais que la prospérité coloniale de mon pays se créât et se développât dans des conditions déterminées. On peut dire à l'Angleterre: « Le traité de 1874 que vous avez violé, nous ne voulons pas le considérer plus longtemps. Nous avons subi des dommages, comme vous nous avez mis dans une situation difficile, entraînés à des dépenses, nous voulons une compensation. » Vous pouvez demander alors une indemnité de guerre considérable, et affirmer que vous parlez, non pas en nation humiliée et vaincue, mais en nation victorieuse, en restant au Tonkin, mais dans des conditions qui n'engagent pas l'avenir.\n\nVous avez à Haï-Phong une situation excellente; le jour où le Tonkin sera ouvert par la force même des choses, et sous la pression de toutes les nations européennes, comme l'a été la partie de certains fleuves de la Chine, vous aurez là une situation prépondérante. Maîtres du delta, vous pourrez y appeler vos nationaux et leur dire: « Voilà le fleuve Rouge ouvert sans qu'on ait employé les armes, et par la seule...\n\nCe traité, malgré tous ses défauts, nous constituait une situation privilégiée, et nous aurions pu certainement nous y tenir jusqu'au moment où le roi d'Annam, convaincu des avantages qu'il y avait pour lui-même, en aurait spontanément élargi les dispositions.\n\nMais il aurait fallu pour cela que ce traité, interprété avec bonne foi, et appliqué fidèlement, fût souscrit par lui en connaissance de cause. Or, vous savez que c'est le contraire qui est arrivé.\n\nM. Georges Perin... C'est l'expression même de la mauvaise foi du gouvernement d'Annam.\n\nLes Chambres actuelles, et avant elles l'Assemblée nationale, ont, depuis 1874, manifesté d'une manière constante leurs dispositions à l'égard du Tonkin; et, pour ne citer que deux traits, mais qui suffisent pour caractériser la conduite qu'il a tenue, mais qui suffisent pour caractériser la conduite qu'a tenue le gouvernement d'Annam.\n\nM. Georges Perin m'a invité, et c'est la tâche à laquelle je vais m'appliquer, à définir, si je le puis exactement et en toute sincérité, le sens et la portée du projet de loi qui vous est soumis. Je répondrai chemin faisant, aux questions, observations, les unes déjà anciennes, qui ont été apportées à cette tribune, soit par M. Georges Perin, soit par M. Delafosse.\n\nM. le président du conseil. Cela ne se ressemble pas !\n\nM. Georges Perin....'ils avaient vu au...\n\nJe crois que la France ne doit pas être une puissance exclusivement continentale, qu'elle doit être une puissance coloniale; mais cette puissance coloniale doit se développer d'une façon différente.\n\nQuant à moi, j'entends différemment la colonisation. M. Georges Perin, L'Angleterre, monsieur le président du conseil, a cru devoir conclure un traité de paix à la suite d'échecs...\n\nM. le président. La parole est à M. le ministre des affaires étrangères.\n\nM. le ministre des affaires étrangères. Je vous ai montré, messieurs, qu'au point où nous en sommes, il est peut-être un euphémisme. Je vous dirai que la dernière de ces décisions, le rappel que la dernière de ces décisions, le rappel que... pour caractériser la conduite qu'il a tenue.",
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    {
        "id": 335713,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-235 - Public Offices - 1887",
        "page_number": 329,
        "title": "CO129-235 - Public Offices - 1887",
        "content_text": "## \nThe whole border should have been well in hand, and something more held than was wanted, before the question of the frontier was entered on. When it's no longer a matter of force, but one of argument, enlivened by an occasional act of treachery, there are not many people better able to hold their own than Chinese officials.\n\nThe Treaty and Commercial Regulations are full of mistakes, due to ignorance of the Chinese and of the commercial and physical relations between the plateau and the plain. Opium should have been allowed to pass through Tonquin, for Yünnan imports are paid for in opium. Salt should have been allowed to pass into China, for there has been for many years a large import.\n\nMêng-tzu, a healthy town on the southern edge of the plateau (4,420 feet above the sea), should have been made the entrepôt of the Sang-koi trade and the residence of a French Consul, instead of Laokai, which is at the foot of the descent from the plateau, and which has a deadly climate. Some assurance should have been obtained as to the care of the road between Laokai and Mêng-tzü, the worst part of the route, neglect to repair which will suffice to check the development of the trade.\n\nThere are all the obstacles to the success of the Laokai route mentioned in my Report, and further there, namely, that the French seem to contemplate a system of passports and surveillance on the border, and that the Chinese officials are opposed to the development of trade over this route. The first objection is a much more serious one than it looks to Europeans. The Chinese have a well-founded dread of all officials, and the mere fact of having to apply for a passport will drive them away. It is in vain to try and persuade Chinese that an official is honest. I have had an amusing instance of this here lately: a Chinaman to whom a year's rent is due from a British subject will not be induced to petition the Consul at I-ch'ang, lest that official should do him some grievous harm. In China all are free to travel when, where, and how they please, so long as they keep the peace, and a system of passports would be regarded as a means of extortion, which, indeed, it would be very apt to become in the hands of native clerks. The second objection is also serious, because li-kin levies are arbitrary, and even when nominally fixed the printed Tariffs are never followed. The Tariff charge is then a maximum one; the amount actually to be paid is constantly changed from head-quarters, and is often a matter of compromise with the Collector. With so loose a system it is always easy to penalize a particular route and to hamper a new one. The French will have to find men sufficiently adroit to fight the cause of the Laokai route with the officials before it can greatly flourish.\n\nI have shown in my Report that the route between Kwang-si and Tonquin by Lung-chou will not be able to rival the present route by Pak-hoi unless a railway were constructed to the Tso-chiang, and that, even then, the difficult navigation of that river would be an obstacle. But when the French begin a railway, the Chinese could probably be induced to construct one themselves, from Pak-hoi to Nan-ning Fu, or grant a concession for its construction. It would be a short and easy line, and would completely take the wind out of the French sails.\n\nThe French have been very foolish in neglecting the advice of their missionaries, who have a knowledge of the country, people, and languages of South-west China and the neighbouring districts, an unscrupulousness and an enthusiasm for their country which would make them most valuable allies. In almost every one of the catastrophes that have befallen the French in Tonquin and Annam notice of danger was given them by the missionaries, and neglected, because \"le cléricalisme c'est l'ennemi.\" So little is known of the strength of the French missionaries in these parts that the following particulars may be worth recording.\n\n## \nThe Church of Rome has divided the Chinese Empire between the Catholic missions, so that each Society is in sole possession of its own sphere. The provinces of Ssu-ch'uan (with Thibet), Yunnan, Kuei-chou, Kwantung, and Kwangsi have been allotted to the \"Missions Etrangères\" of Paris. A glance at the map will show how compact a Franco-Chinese Empire this territory, together with Burmah and Tonquin, might have formed. Leaving out the two Kwang provinces, about the missions in which I have no direct knowledge, there are:-\n\n| Location | Number of French Priests |\n| --- | --- |\n| Ssu-ch'uan, Eastern | 32 |\n| Yunnan | 30 |\n| Kuei-chou | 25 |\n| Ssu-ch'uan, Western | 25 |\n| Ssu-ch'uan, Southern | 20 |\n| Thibet (borders of) | 20 |\n| **Total** | **152** |",
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    {
        "id": 335714,
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        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-235 - Public Offices - 1887",
        "page_number": 330,
        "title": "CO129-235 - Public Offices - 1887",
        "content_text": "## All these missionaries are Frenchmen, and more French than missionary, having, to a man, the views of Bishop Penginier, of Tonquin. There are somewhere about 150,000 Chinese converts.\n\nNow that the Chinese are awake to the danger that threatened them from the intrigues of the French priests, there is no reason, I believe, to apprehend any harm to British interests from their efforts, especially while there is such a bad understanding between the French officials and the priests. The converts are a scattered body, who would be promptly massacred, as they were the other day in Annam, if they tried to assist the French. On the contrary, by breaking up the population and introducing, to some extent, foreign knowledge and ideas, they prepare the ground for the pioneers of British commerce.\n\nWith regard to the military aspect of the Tonquin question, the reverses suffered by the French have done grave damage to French influence in South-west China, and, in a lesser degree, to the prestige of the other Occidental Powers. The recent disturbances at Ch'ung-king and in Kuei-chou were, without doubt, due in part to this cause; the leaders in these riots were military students, up from the country for examination, stuffed with a hundred lying tales of Chinese successes against the French—tales which would not, however, have gone down had there not been real successes to base them on. From what I saw and heard on the Tonquin border, I believe that the talk about a Chinese military revival is a darkening of counsel—words without knowledge. Chinese are no more able to stand up before European troops, properly led, than they were in 1842 or 1860. The only difference is, that they are now sometimes well armed. I heard an account of the Lung-chou engagement from two braves, engaged there, who journeyed two days with me on the way to their homes in Kuei-chou. The French marched into the midst of a body of 50,000 men, armed with repeating rifles and abundant ammunition (in spite of Chang Chih-tung's statement to the contrary in his Memorial). They said: \"We were ordered to fire all day and all night; the French said it was not fair, as they had no time to sleep or eat.\" The lesson to be learnt from the Tonquin war is to strike quickly if it is necessary to strike at all. The Chinese can make good plans, and carry them out with much determination, but they are never ready, and require a comparatively long time to consult and prepare. No time should be given then.\n\n## Burmah\n\nThe Yünnan officials treated me with marked politeness, and the mediation of Sir R. Hart was frequently mentioned in flattering terms; nevertheless, there was much uneasiness about Burmah: all inquired what we were going to do there, and preparations were made for defence on the Burmese frontier, General Ting, with 5,000 men, being sent from Kai-hua Fu to Têng-yueh in January 1886, and T'ang Taotai being sent from Yunnan Fu in February to superintend the defence of the border. This meant, no doubt, intriguing against the semi-independent tribes south of Têng-yueh to secure their hostility to England. At Ssu-mao, where I stayed eleven days and became intimate with the officials, steps were being taken to put the frontier into a state of defence; besides the right wing of the P'u-êrh Brigade, which should number about 500 men, and which has its permanent quarters at Ssu-mao, an auxiliary force was being enlisted for the defence of this part of the frontier, the officer in command of which, with 200 men, arrived from the Tonquin border a few days before I did. The Magistrate, who was a protégé and a fellow-provincial of the Governor-General Ts'ên, told me that he had recently received instructions to repair the wall of the town and to have a Map of the neighbourhood constructed; he said that the reason for strengthening the garrison was the confusion that reigned in the Ch'ê-li territory.\n\nThe Chinese Government wields little real power south of Ssu-mao, and contents itself with keeping up the prestige of its authority by an occasional act of treacherous violence. Thus in 1884 Ma Chung, the General at Pu-erh, engaged a Mahommedan, also named Ma, to assassinate the Ch'ê-li Prince (called Chiu-lung Wang by the Burmese). The man sent was a friend of the Wang—more, they had exchanged tieh-tzu, i.e., were sworn brothers—or he would not have obtained admittance, the Wang being extremely wary. He was to receive 1,000 taels and a place for his pains, but he caught malarial fever on the Mekong, and only returned to die, as he deserved. In the same year the Shan Chieftain of Liu-k'un was invited to dinner at Ssŭ-mao by the same officer to discuss local affairs, and taken straight out to the market-place and beheaded. I was told in Ssu-mao by several merchants that these acts had greatly disgusted the Shans, and had consequently damaged trade at Ssu-mao.\n\nInquiries along the route showed that the Shan family is a very widely divided one. From Ssu-mao, along the Tonquin border, Shans, under various names, occupy everywhere the lower lands. The whole population of Northern Kwang-si is Shan, and they stretch in large communities, e.g., Shui-chia, Chung-chia, &c., as far north as Kuei-yang Fu, the capital of Kuei-chou. The country between Ava and Ssŭ-mao is probably the home of this race, migration having been apparently from the south; the Shans in Kuei-chou migrated there from Kwang-si in the beginning of the 18th century only. They are indefatigable nature-worshippers in China, and generous supporters of Buddhism and Burmese priests in the Shan States, so that there should be a likely field for English missionaries among them on both sides of the border.\n\nThe Chinese frontier will be found figured in the last edition (1836) of the \"Topography of the Yunnan Province\", and perhaps a frontier running through the passes there named would be all that Her Majesty's Government would claim. But the Topography mentions a number of small clans or places south of this line to which garrisons are said once to have been sent by China, &c. The Topography would have therefore to be carefully studied before it could be suggested as a basis of arrangement.\n\nWith regard to the opening up of commercial relations between Burmah and Yünnan, I have shown in my Report that even at present Burmese cotton comes as far east as Yunnan Fu, and that in spite of bad roads, Western Yunnan will certainly be supplied with foreign goods from Burmah when the route is open.\n\nWestern Yunnan is much richer than the eastern part of the province bordering on Tonquin, and is being filled up more quickly, and by a more vigorous race (Ssu-chuanese), and a very profitable trade will no doubt spring up; but the idea of a route through Yunnan competing with the lower Yang-tzŭ ports is chimerical, to use a mild term. How far the area supplied from Burmah may encroach on the areas that now are, or ought to be, supplied from Canton, Tonquin, and Sui Fu (above Chungking on the Yang-tzŭ), depends on the success of our diplomacy, and on the skill with which our interests may be pushed with the Yünnan Government.\n\nWith regard to the regulation of the frontier trade, there should be the least possible restriction as to what persons or what goods cross the frontier, and in what manner they do so. Perhaps it will be found advisable to promise with regard to smuggling, for it is a wholesome check on greedy Customs officials, and is favoured by the ground and the traditions of the people.\n\nI would beg to suggest that the future of agriculture and manufactures in Burmah should not be forgotten. The nature of the ground—Yunnan being an elevated plateau 4,000 to 8,000 feet above the sea, and Burmah a broken plain with an altitude for the most part of a few hundred feet only—involves a great difference of climate and production. Yünnan will not grow cotton, tobacco, or tea, for instance, necessities to Chinese, in the production of which there may be a great future for planters in Burmah. Tobacco comes at present from Ssu-chuan and the Kwang provinces, and tea from the Shan States outside Ssu-mao, but the supply of the latter is insufficient even at present, and the people in South Yünnan drink all sorts of decoctions in its stead. Salt is produced in many parts of Yunnan, but the supply is insufficient, and there should be an increasing import from Bhamo as the western parts of the province fill up.\n\nThe Report of a six months' journey in Yünnan and Kuei-chou would be incomplete without some mention of the Governor-General, Ts'ên Yü-ying, who has long been, and no doubt will remain, the right arm of the Chinese Government in these parts. He is a Shan of the Pu-man family, born at Hsi-liu Hsien in Northern Kwang-si, where the borders of Yünnan, Kuei-chou, and Kwang-si meet. He has been engaged in fighting all his life, having had to fly from home when a youth because of a clan quarrel about which he was wanted, and having fought through the twenty years of Mahommedan and Miao-tzŭ rebellion. He is superstitious and cruel, bloodthirsty many say, but a strong ruler, and, for an Oriental, thorough in all that he does. There is no man in China who is so feared by officials and people under him, and his presence is the best security for the peace of that province. He is supposed to hate foreigners, and is generally accredited with the murder of Margary and the ...\n\nPage 330  \nPage 331",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-237 - Governor Des Voeus Acting Governor Stewart - 1888 [1-6]",
        "page_number": 436,
        "title": "CO129-237 - Governor Des Voeus Acting Governor Stewart - 1888 [1-6]",
        "content_text": "# IN APPEAL.\n## BEFORE THE FULL COURT.\n### KO KAI, APPELLANT; CHU TONG, RESPONDENT.\n\nMr. Robinson, instructed by Mr. Ewens, appeared for the appellant, and the Attorney-General, instructed by Messrs. Wotton and Deacon, for the respondent.\n\nThe Court delivered the following judgment in this suit.\n\nThe Acting Chief Justice said—This comes before the Court on a case stated from Magistrates' Court, from which it appears the appellant was fined in the sum of $20 for contravening Section 10 of the Opium Ordinance 22 of 1887. Besides stating certain findings of fact, the Magistrate returned the depositions and all documents put in at the hearing before him, and this Court is thus enabled to see the whole case as laid before the Magistrate.\n\nThe preamble of the Ordinance recites that \"it is expedient to regulate and control the movement of Raw Opium within the Colony\"—and Section 1 enacts that the Opium Ordinance of 1884, and \"this Ordinance shall be construed as one Ordinance.\" Section 6 enacts that \"no person except the Opium Farmer or the licensed retail dealers shall have in his possession or under his custody or control opium in quantities less than one chest without a certificate of purchase from a licensee except he can show to the satisfaction of a Magistrate: (a) That the said opium is covered by a Certificate of one of the licensees. (b) That he has received it under an official export permit.\" Section 9 regulates the landing of opium under \"permit,\" and section 10 enacts that every person moving opium for exportation in chests shall before doing so send to the Superintendent a requisition in form of schedule C furnishing the particulars therein required, whereupon the Superintendent shall grant an export permit in the form of schedule D authorising the said opium to be exported.\n\n| Schedule C | Schedule D |\n| --- | --- |\n| To the Superintendent of Imports and Exports. Sir,— Please issue a permit to export by chests opium, numbered and marked as below, on the day of 18 to the said opium having been purchased by me from in whose (godown, house or shop) it is now stored for the same being now stored in my godown, shop or house of at on destination at or sold by me to of exporting it—Date 18. | Permit to Export. is authorised to export by of below, on the to chests opium, marked and numbered as having been purchased and now stored by the Exporter from in and sold to situated at who is required to export in terms of this permit.— Date, 18. Superintendent. A copy of this permit has been served on me.—Opium Farmer, Date. Received this Opium.—Exporter. |\n\nSection 11 makes similar provisions for the removal from store to store and for transshipment in the harbour. It will thus be seen that the principle of the Ordinance is to place a complete check on the movement of opium within the Colony and its waters, and that this check is to be carried out by a Government officer and the Opium Farmer.\n\nThe facts of this Case are few and simple. On the 14th January, 7 applications were made for the exportation of opium by an opium dealer, giving the quantities, the names of the junks, and all particulars required by schedule C and section 10. On the same day the permits were granted, every requirement of schedule D being complied with. But in addition to the permit authorised by law there was printed in blue letters \"with permission to take to the Chinese Customs bulk.\" This for some time had been added by Mr. Seth, the former Imports and Exports Officer, and with the full knowledge of the Opium Farmer's agents.\n\nIt seems to have prevailed, with the full knowledge of the Opium Farmer's agent, that all the opium covered by a number of export permits might be lumped into one boat and taken to the Chinese hulk, where it paid duty and was brought back into the Harbour and redistributed among the junks for which export permits had been previously granted. In the present case, cargo boat 124 had transferred into it the opium to be exported (and the appellant was in charge of it) under the seven permits, and the master of the cargo boat had the seven permits with him. The boat was taken to the Chinese Customs hulk, which is outside the port, anchored in Chinese waters. There the Chinese duty and lekin of import to China were paid, but the opium was re-imported. It was quite \"loose in the leaf—in open boxes, 32 in number. It was intended to be re-distributed, it is said, amongst the 7 junks. It is found by the Magistrate as a fact that no application was made for or granted to cargo boat 124 to export opium. The opium found on board that boat was therefore on board without a legal permit. It was intended for export as it was the same opium as that covered by the 7 export permits.\n\nFrom the Colonial Treasurer's evidence, it appears that on the management of the Opium Farm recently passing into other hands, a fear existed that abuses might arise from the licensing and dispensing power which had been exercised by Mr. Seth and the Opium Farmer's Agents, in allowing a junk to carry opium and have possession of opium without the necessary permit. It is probable that an abuse would have arisen, but so far as the Government was concerned, Captain Rumsey, the present head of the Imports and Exports Department, whilst at once stopping the practice because it was illegal, declined to take any Police action against the appellant on learning that the practice had been allowed by his predecessor under a misapprehension of his powers. This was obviously a proper thing to do.\n\nIt is to be regretted that the Opium Farmer was not content with simply putting an end to a system which was clearly illegal and an evasion of the law, which is one for complete control and constant supervision of opium—the basis of the Ordinance. The Magistrate finds that the purple chop (with permission to take to Chinese hulk) was stamped upon the export permits with the full acquiescence of the Opium Farmer, and which, according to Mr. Seth, allowed opium to be carried in any boat.\n\nI have carefully considered the able and ingenious argument of Mr. Robinson, but I am of opinion that the Magistrate was right in point of law in convicting the appellant of exporting opium without a legal permit. I think, however, I should have considered, if I had been dealing with the case, that a fine of 50 cents was a sufficient penalty to show that the blue stamps were unauthorised by law, and that there had been a breach of law. The Opium Farmer should, in my opinion, have taken another method of stopping a practice to which he had been so long a party; and while upholding the conviction, I think there should be no order as to costs.\n\nMr. Justice Leach said—I concur in the judgment of the Acting Chief Justice. I entertained, however, some doubt as to whether Mr. Robinson's argument ought not to be accepted that the words \"moving opium for exportation\" in section 10 meant opium for the purpose of commerce and did not include moving opium to the opium hulk, outside the waters of the colony for the purpose of paying duty and lekin, and therefore that this was a *casus omissus* from the Ordinance. But in the absence of anything to the contrary in the Ordinance, I think those words ought to bear their primary or popular meaning, that is \"moving for the purpose of being carried out\" and not with the qualification of \"being carried out for the purpose of commerce.\" The case of Muller v. Baldwin reported L.R. 9 Q.B. p. 457, which removes all doubt I entertained.\n\n## Extract from \"Daily Press\" of ...\n\n(Signed) J. Russell  \nActing Chief Justice.",
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        "id": 342969,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-246 - Acting Governor Fleming - 1890 [8-9]",
        "page_number": 584,
        "title": "CO129-246 - Acting Governor Fleming - 1890 [8-9]",
        "content_text": "naturalities and\n\ny way\n\naides.\n\nX. But under\n\nwith imme\n\nte is not allowed meshe\n\ndescription, which makes and houses, population a shifting at. The social sanction, to which You refer, coupled with hurtful-\n\nlittle effect ar\n\nanly\"\n\nthe Keeper in\n\nto Cocentain\n\n580\n\nwithout incurring a\n\nX'\n\npenalty.\n\nto a not likely to\n\naltogether properlative\n\nWide me.\n\nYou\n\nwhat made up of casual restricted permanent residents, the social\n\nand it is as a check\n\nCHC\n\nHem But a legal caution\n\nis accessory.\n\nto detonal pr\n\nI do not writ\n\nthe many\n\nsanction might to suppeant, but\n\nas we are at present retuated, think bridle of\n\nthe peace,\n\nevie\n\nWhaly to acces\n\nfood\n\nmore likely\n\nlove qualities of such as, taschen, with most\n\nis no doubt. But such astul if the legal sanction well, Rat-folk artan werk\n\numored, and, if\n\nis only to open a restaurant\n\nthey diel acun\n\nindividual, and against him dam of opiniae Rat Europeans in such an condition a blipe it with was likely litigation tem\n\nHan Chinel, dam curtain the to puvelles. When to knows\n\n•\n\nX Mr. Diane said Exactly the\n\nopport\n\nSor. J.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-246 - Acting Governor Fleming - 1890 [8-9].txt",
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        "id": 354468,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-263 - Acting Governor Barker Governor Sir Robinson - 1894 [5-8]",
        "page_number": 202,
        "title": "CO129-263 - Acting Governor Barker Governor Sir Robinson - 1894 [5-8]",
        "content_text": "404\n\n06:\n\nP.C. Mahomad Bux said that on Saturday morning he was ordered to keep back a mob of Chinese, and that when he went to do so he was pelted with stones. The defendant was one of those who threw a missile, and he arrested him.\n\nFined $50 or two months' in default.\n\nTHE HONGKONG WEEKLY PRESS\n\nand the unhappy patients on the bulk must be brought to the Tung Wah branch Hospital, and those of the sick who so desire could be permitted to introduce the full disease into their native villages on the mainland! Splendid illustration of the intelligence and perspicuity, to say nothing of the gratitude, of these so-called representatives of the native community!\n\nP.C. Rossball Singh charged a coolie with a similar offense on the same occasion.\n\nFined $50 or two months' in default.\n\nTwo coolies were charged with disorderly conduct in Po Yan Street on the 20th.\n\nA Sikh constable said that during the morning a Chinese gentleman came out of the Tung Wah Hospital and got into his chair. The coolies were about to carry him when a mob of Chinese turned the chair upside down, with the gentleman in it. The occupant of the chair got out and ran back into the hospital. The first defendant was one of those who got hold of the chair. Witness blew his whistle and arrested the defendants. At the same time some stones were thrown. Some watchmen belonging to the Tung Wah Hospital came to witness's assistance and the mob was cleared away.\n\nFined $50 each or two months' in default.\n\nThree old women were next brought up, charged with assaulting Inspector R. Germain, an officer of the Sanitary Board, while in the execution of his duty.\n\nComplainant said—On the 20th inst. at 8.30 a.m. I was on the house-to-house inspection duty in Station Street, Taipingshan. I was called away to Market Street for ten minutes and on returning to Station Street I found the whole place in an uproar.\n\nI pacified the people as best I could and went on with the inspection. On coming out of the next house I was met with a shower of stones and bricks and rubbish. The first defendant threw the brick produced, and the second and third defendants were the ringleaders, urging the others to attack us. I had two inkongs in uniform with me. I arrested the defendants. The people objected to the house-to-house visitation. I was the only man inspecting at the time; I had no soldiers. The house-to-house visitation has been going on for some time every day, and there have been no disturbances hitherto. I have ceased to suppose that it was in consequence of the employment of soldiers that the disturbances arose. The soldiers have been employed for four days.\n\nMr. F.H. May, Captain Superintendent of Police said—I ask for a severe penalty. This is part of an organized arrangement for disturbing the measures taken by the authorities to deal with the plague. The disturbances are only kept under control by the presence of an armed body of police in the Taipingshan district.\n\nThe first defendant was fined $10 or one month's imprisonment, and the other two defendants $5 each or six weeks' in default.\n\nNearly all the fines were paid.\n\nWe regret to learn that Inspector Quincey and several of the officers who have been so actively engaged in the work of visiting the houses are incapacitated by illness from duty.\n\nThe house-to-house visitation, which daily discloses the unreported existence of plague and sometimes discovers the dead bodies of victims in the rotting dampness of basement floors, is to be still more vigorously carried on. Fifty volunteers for this highly necessary work are asked for, and in view of the danger and gravity of the situation, not only to the trade and commerce of the port but to the health of the entire population, these volunteers and probably more, will doubtless be speedily forthcoming.\n\nThe insinuations which have been cast upon the military employed as special sanitary officers, and the reports current that it is this to which the chief objection to the house-to-house visitation is due, caused us to make enquiries in this direction. We learn on the best authority that since their enrollment in this work the military employed have worked very satisfactorily and effectively, that no complaint of their conduct has been made, and that as a matter of fact the majority of the householders were not aware that the men visiting their houses were military, until they were incited by the anti-foreign leaders behind to make demonstrations of vindictiveness. The soldiers employed are all picked men, and the majority are non-commissioned officers. Twelve men of the Shropshire regiment are still engaged in the work of inspection and twelve engineers in disinfecting. Each sanitary officer is accompanied by a likong, and there are now twenty-one men on this special duty in the infected area.\n\nWe might mention, to remove any misconception, that the Government have not completely abrogated their authority even over the Chinese Hospital at the Glassworks. Dr. Penny, R.N., makes visits twice daily to see that things are in a sanitary condition, and European police are on duty at the gates keeping statistics of cases.\n\nIt is said by some who have had so intimate an acquaintance with the development and character of the plague since its appearance here, that the attacks now do not appear to be quite as virulent as a week ago. It may be added that several of the new cases in the Glassworks have been discharged on diagnosis as not suffering from plague. Whether such are being sent to the Hospital accidentally or intentionally it is difficult to say, but plausibility is lent to the latter suggestion by the natural desire among the Chinese to be able to record in their statistics a higher percentage of \"discharged cured\" than the European doctors were able to do.\n\n23rd May. The following are the returns for the twenty-four hours to noon yesterday:\n\nHospital\nAdmissions\nDeaths\n\nKen-edy Hospital\n3\n1\n\nChinese Hospital\n19\n10\n\nCity Hospital\n7\n10\n\nTung Wah Hospital\n27\n18\n\nTotal\n56\n39\n\nThe patients under Chinese medical direction are treated with a decoction made from the root of an aquatic plant, which is said to have been wonderfully successful in dealing with serious cases at Canton. After being infused in hot water for some time for some time the liquid is strained off and administered at regular intervals, while the pulp is applied externally to the buboes as a poultice.\n\nUnder treatment 21\n\n\"A quiet day; plague in a measure abating,\" practically sums up the reports received yesterday. The concessions made by the Government in no longer insisting upon the transfer of patients to the Hygeia and in giving permission (speedily availed of) to establish a Chinese hospital under Chinese control, acted like oil on the troubled waters and no further disturbances took place, or were even attempted, after the Glassworks had been converted into a hospital. The native prejudice, however, not having been largely removed, large numbers of coolies continued yesterday in every way possible to leave the colony, both by steamer and passage-boat, and the exodus appears to be increasing.\n\nAt the Magistracy yesterday a hawker was fined $10 for creating a disturbance near the Tung Wah Hospital.\n\nDEPUTATION TO HIS EXCELLENCY THE GOVERNOR.\n\nIMPORTANT PRONOUNCEMENT.\n\nAt one o'clock yesterday afternoon a deputation from the Tung Wah Hospital, accompanied by the Hon. J.H. Stewart Lockhart (Registrar-General) waited on His Excellency the Governor at Government House for the purpose of representing a certain feeling existing among some sections of the native community. The deputation presented to His Excellency a long petition, the principal points of which were:\n\n(1)—That the house-to-house visitation should cease.\n\n(2)—That sick persons should be allowed to return to their own country.\n\n(3)—That the patients on the Hygeia should be sent to the Glassworks Hospital.\n\n(4)—That all sick persons should be sent to the Glassworks Hospital.\n\nAfter listening attentively to the recital of this document, His Excellency said that he would take the last point first. In reply to that, all he had to say was that sick people might elect to go to any hospital they liked. There was no interference with their choice whatever, and no intention on the part of the Government to force patients into any particular hospital for treatment. As to the request that the sick on the Hygeia should be moved to the branch Hospital, he altogether declined such a responsibility. The idea, he said, was absurd, as if the petitioners' prayer was granted it might result in much unnecessary loss of life. He therefore declined to grant it. As to the request contained in paragraph 2, His Excellency said that he had nothing to do with the return of the people to their own country. If the authorities in Kwang-tung refused to allow persons from Hongkong to go to Macao or elsewhere, he could not coerce those authorities or interfere with their decision.\n\nAnd as regards the first point of the petition—that the house-to-house visitation should cease—His Excellency said that he considered such visitation to be absolutely necessary, and he had no intention whatever to relax the morning regulations in that respect.\n\nThe morning paper had shown how necessary it was, for they reported that three or four dead bodies had been taken out of one house, which would never have been discovered but for the house-to-house visitation. His Excellency reminded the deputation that this was an English colony, and said that the Tung Wah Committee should assist him in carrying out the law and persuading others to obey it. Holding up the proclamation he stated that that was now the law, and it would be carried out. He promised that every consideration should be shown to women and children, and that if any unnecessary damage was done on proof thereof the persons suffering would be recompensed. To show his own opinion of the necessity for visitation he had asked that all the outbuildings and coolie quarters at Government House should be inspected. His Excellency further said that he intended largely to increase the force of Sanitary Inspectors and he hoped that in a few weeks' time all danger would be at an end. He asked the Tung Wah Committee to assist him by getting additional help.\n\nA fatal case has been reported from Queen's Gardens. A day or two ago a coolie employed at the Royal Engineers' mess was taken ill and died before knowledge of the nature of his ailment—which was plague—was known to his companions. The premises have been thoroughly disinfected.\n\nHis Excellency concluded by saying that he was responsible not only for the health of the Chinese but of the Europeans and the Army and Navy, that his decision was embodied in the proclamation, that this proclamation was now the law, and that persons transgressing it would be arrested and punished.\n\nThe Registrar-General frequently interpreted His Excellency's remarks and the deputation withdrew, if not actually satisfied, at any rate fully aware of the determination of the Government to do its best to stamp out and prevent the spread of this insidious disease.\n\nTung Wah Hospital on Monday.\n\nA meeting of the Consular Body, held at Shanghai on the 15th inst., it was unanimously decided to request the taotai, through the Customs, to enforce No. 15 of the Harbour Regulations, as a measure of precaution, against vessels arriving from the South. The Regulation in question is as follows:—\"Vessel arriving from a place infected with cholera or other contagious disease on board shall not come nearer the lower limit of the Harbour than one mile, shall fly at the fore a yellow flag, and shall not allow any one to disembark or come on board without permission from the Harbour Master's Office.\"\n\nThere is some talk of closing the schools at which Chinese scholars attend. We believe that Dr. Bateson Wright has applied to the Governor for permission to close Queen's College, and it is probable if the disease does not receive a decided check during the next few days that this precautionary measure will be adopted.\n\nTHE PROCLAMATION.\n\nThe following is a precis of the proclamation issued by H.E. Sir William Robinson:\n\nWhereas Hongkong is now visited by a plague which is killing Chinese at the rate of between 30 and 40 a day, and it is understood that 8,000 people have succumbed to it since the commencement of the outbreak. It is the general opinion that the outbreak was caused simply by the bad smells from large numbers of dead rats. This has also been proved by a foreign doctor on Shameen, who, after examining some of the newly dead rats, found many worms in the lungs. He advised people not to eat them, as they are a great poison.\n\n22nd May.\n\nWe are glad to be able to announce that the plague in Canton has further diminished during the past three days. The doctors have now discovered the proper method of treating the patients, and the percentage of deaths amongst those who have been attended by them is only twenty per cent. or less.\n\n17th May.\n\nMr. Leach concluded his arguments on the point raised by Mr. Francis as to whether the case should be dealt with in its present form, and Mr. Francis replied.\n\nHis Lordship reserved his decision.\n\nIN SUMMARY JURISDICTION.\n\nBEFORE HIS HONOUR MR. A.G. WISE, ACTING PUISNE JUDGE.\n\nCHOI CHU vs. CHEUNG KAM TIM.\n\nMr. Creasy Ewens appeared for the plaintiff and Mr. Phillippo for the defendant.\n\nThis was a claim of $400. money alleged to have been lent by the plaintiff, a woman, to the defendant's wife for the purchase of necessaries.\n\nThe plaintiff gave very contradictory evidence as to the circumstances of this loan, and His Lordship, not considering that there was sufficient proof of the debt, gave judgment for the defendant with costs.\n\nALLEGED SINGULAR AND FATAL MISTAKE.\n\nA correspondent writes:—\"Is it a fact that a Chinese woman was sent on board the Hygeia by the Sanitary Authorities supposed to be suffering from the plague, but which proved to be a case of pregnancy? And is it true that the mistake was not found out until it was too late to save the patient's life? This is the tale told to me by my servants, and two of them have left my employ in a terrible fright to take their wives out of the colony.\"\n\nSUPREME COURT.\n\n15th May.\n\nIN ORIGINAL JURISDICTION.\n\nBEFORE HIS HONOUR MR. E.J. ACKROYD, ACTING CHIEF JUSTICE.\n\nIn re THE CHINA LAND AND FINANCE COMPANY, LIMITED.\n\nThe bearing was resumed of the motion by the Comptoir National d'Escompte de Paris to be placed on the register of shareholders of the China Land and Finance Company, Limited, in respect of 1,500 shares in the Company which had been deposited by Ng Chan Fong, the Bank's compradore, as security for advances made or that might be incurred in future by Ng Chan Fong to the Bank, being additional security under terms of an agreement of the 16th February, 1891, and a bond dated 14th December, 1891.\n\nMr. A.J. Leach, Q.C., instructed by Mr. G.C. Master (of Messrs. Johnson, Stokes and Master), appeared on behalf of the Bank; and Mr. J.J. Francis, Q.C. (instructed by Mr. C. Ewens), on behalf of the Company and Ng Woon Sun How Qua, who had been served with notice of the motion.\n\nHis Lordship, on taking his seat, said—In this case Mr. Leach, before answering Mr. Francis's application that I should not deal with this case at the present stage, asked me to allow him to complete his evidence by cross-examining certain parties upon the affidavits filed by Mr. Francis's clients.\n\n18th May.\n\nIN CRIMINAL SESSIONS.\n\nBEFORE HIS HONOUR MR. E.J. ACKROYD, ACTING CHIEF JUSTICE, AND COMMON JURY.\n\nATTEMPTED ARSON.\n\nChan Sik Ming, an apprentice, aged 19, was charged with feloniously and wilfully attempting to set fire to No. 7, Queen's Road West, occupied by a boot and shoe dealer who employed the defendant, on the 6th inst.\n\nMr. A.J. Leach, Acting Attorney-General (instructed by Mr. A.B. Johnson, Crown Solicitor), prosecuted for the Crown.\n\nPrisoner pleaded not guilty.\n\nAnother apprentice who had been committed as an accomplice was discharged by proclamation.\n\nThe following jury was empanelled:—Messrs. Chow Dart Tong, A. Sharp, J.M. Gutierrez, F.G. Barres, F. Hubbe, D.W. Craddock, and Thos. Grimshaw.\n\nThe facts of the case were that on the night of the day in question the proprietor of the shop awoke and found the defendant setting fire, by means of a large joss stick, gunpowder, and matches, to a box of shavings in one of the rooms on the ground floor.\n\nThe Jury returned a verdict of guilty.\n\nHis Lordship reserved sentence, which was delivered on the 22nd.\n\nHis Lordship (addressing the prisoner) said—The jury have found you guilty of preparing a joss-stick with matches and gunpowder and with having set fire to it. They found that you knew what you were doing, and that you placed it close to a box of shavings in order to set fire to the house; and everything points to the supposition that you did this because your master had given you a few slaps two or three days before. The consequence of your foolish act might have been very serious. The sentence of the Court is that you be imprisoned for one week and that you receive six strokes with a rattan.\n\n21st May.\n\nFORGERY.\n\nPun Long, a clerk, was charged with uttering a forged note purporting to be endorsed by one Chao Yan Lok in January last, with intent to defraud Messrs. Arthur and Co.\n\nMr. A.J. Leach, Acting Attorney-General (instructed by Mr. A.B. Johnson, Crown Solicitor), appeared for the prosecution, and Mr. J.J. Francis, Q.C. (instructed by Mr. H.L. Dennys), for the defence.\n\nThe following jury was empanelled:—Messrs. A.O. Gutierrez, C.F. de Carvalho, R.S. Philpott, C.A. Plumb, E.J. Moses, M.S. Northcote, and F. Gomes.\n\nPrisoner pleaded not guilty.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-263 - Acting Governor Barker Governor Sir Robinson - 1894 [5-8].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 383064,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-308 - Public Offices - 1901",
        "page_number": 209,
        "title": "CO129-308 - Public Offices - 1901",
        "content_text": "207\n\nSettlements copies of a note from Lofêngluh conveying a request from the Viceroy of Wuchang that increased vigilance may be shewn by the Colonial Authorities with a view to keeping in check the proceedings of all persons living in the Colonies who may be suspected of organizing rebellion against the Chinese Government. Lofengluh also furnishes lists in English and Chinese of persons considered to be in league with Kang Yu-wei, of which copies are enclosed herein.\n\nIn view of this communication from Chang-Chi-tung, Lord Lansdowne suggests for Mr. Chamberlain's consideration that the Colonial Authorities at Hong Kong and in the Straits Settlements be instructed to report by telegraph what is the present position in the Colonies as regards agitation against the Chinese Government.\n\nI am,\n\nSir,\n\nYour most obedient,\n\nhumble Servant,\n\nBertie",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-308 - Public Offices - 1901.txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 386891,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-314 - Public Offices - 1902",
        "page_number": 346,
        "title": "CO129-314 - Public Offices - 1902",
        "content_text": "## 3. A list of places at which launches are to anchor has been drawn up and submitted for approval to the Viceroy.\n\n4. The officers and men of the guard-boats are to be selected with particular care, and each man of the force must be guaranteed by people of good repute.\n\n5. The guard-launches at their various stations will in future, whenever a launch passes, signal to it to stop for inspection. If she still proceeds without heeding the signal they are to pursue her. If robbers are found on board they are to be handed over for trial and punishment to the nearest authority. If there are no robbers on board, and if the master has simply and deliberately refused to stop for inspection, note must be taken of the number and name of the launch, and report will be made to the Chief Police Office with a view to the infliction of a fine.\n\n6. Guard launches are being posted at all important points for the special purpose of exercising supervision over launches. The latter must in future proceed by direct and regular routes to their destination. If they follow by-routes or anchor at places where there is no guard-boat, and are plundered in consequence, the master (\"ch'uan chu\") will be responsible for compensation. In any case, he will be liable to fine.\n\n7. A system of patrol has already been devised, but having been now some time in force, it has proved unsuccessful. The officers concerned are now being called upon to consult together and devise some more satisfactory plan.\n\n## Visit of the Kao Lien-ch'in Taotai.\n\nCh'in Ping Chih, the newly-appointed Taotai of the Kao-Lien-Ch'in circuit (south-east Kuang-tung), which includes the Treaty port of Pakhoi, paid a visit to His Majesty's Consul-General before starting for his new post. Mr. Kung, the Viceroy's Secretary, stated that this officer had received special instructions with reference to the preservation of order, not to make his permanent residence in any one place, but to visit all parts of his jurisdiction in turn. He has been intrusted with a special force of 2,000 armed men and two armed launches, and has authority, should emergency arise, to employ any of the marine or land forces which may be within call.\n\n## Arrest of Prisoners on British Ships.\n\nThe Viceroy, upon the representation of certain military and police officers, has applied to His Majesty's Consul-General for permission to allow detectives and police officers to travel on board British steamers coming from Hong Kong to Canton, with a view to arresting in the ship, and before they can escape in the throng of landing passengers, or by jumping over the side, any criminals whom they may detect on board. It was pointed out that assent could not be given to any request of the kind, as such procedure would be altogether contrary to the privileges belonging to British ships.\n\n## \n\nDuring the past quarter, two persons accused of robbery with violence have been arrested in Hong Kong at the instance of the Chinese authorities, and they will probably within a few days be sent up under the Extradition Ordinances to Canton for trial and punishment, when the procedure established in the \"Perseverance\" piracy case will be adopted.\n\n## Local Taxation and Provincial Finance.\n\nA Board has lately been established in Canton by the Viceroy for the purpose of devising sources of revenue. It is called the Ch'ou Hsiang Chu, and the personnel is the same as that of the Shan Hou Chu—viz., the Treasurer, Judge, Salt Commissioner, Grain Intendant Taotai, and the chief local civil authorities of Canton. The following schemes, among others, have resulted from their consultations:\n\n| Scheme | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| Li-kin on native opium | to be raised from 18-20 taels to 23-66 taels per picul |\n| Li-kin on tea, tobacco, and sugar | to be increased by 30 per cent |\n\nThe above has been approved, and the public have been notified by the head Li-kin Office by Proclamation.\n\n## Tax on prepared opium.\n\nParticulars of this tax were given in No. 25, General.\n\n## Tax on distilleries: \nWine distillers to pay 24 taels per annum on each still in their factories, with an additional charge of 2 taels for intercalary months.\n\nThis scheme was duly sanctioned by the Viceroy, and came into force in the first month of the present Chinese year.\n\nAt the beginning of January, the Hoppo called for a Return, showing the estimated increase or decrease in revenue on foreign imports which had resulted from the change of Tariff on the 11th November, reckoning up to the 31st December. The result showed an increase of 8,440 Haikuan taels over the estimated revenue for imports on the old basis.\n\n## Indemnity Matters (Confidential).\n\nThe following is a translation of a telegram received on the 3rd March by the Viceroy from the Grand Council (\"Chün Chi Chu\") on the subject of provincial contributions for the service of the indemnity:\n\n### Imperial Decree.\n\n\"Memorial received some time ago from Liu Kun Yi and others referred to the immense amount of the indemnity and the difficulty of raising funds to meet the instalments. They pointed out, however, that the increase of the tax on foreign goods to an effective 5 per cent. and the tax on foreign wines and provisions, in addition to the Native Customs revenues now passing through the Imperial Maritime Customs, will make, in all, an increase of about 4,500,000 taels. They add to this 1,000,000 taels on account of grain supply commuted for money payments, making, in all, 5,500,000 taels, which, they point out, represents about three-tenths of the total amount proposed by the Board of Revenue, and sanctioned by the Throne, as annual indemnity contributions from the provinces. Memorialists proposed, therefore, that these contributions should be reduced by 30 per cent.\"\n\nThis proposal was sanctioned at the time because it seemed likely that the funds raised during the half year would be sufficient for the service of the indemnity.\n\nPrince Ching (I Kuang) and others have memorialized, stating that the monthly contributions, as originally arranged for, must be paid in full, and that the proposed reduction by 30 per cent. cannot be allowed. The Tartar Generals, Viceroys, and Governors will, therefore, see to the provision of the sums originally decided upon by the Board as the contributions from their respective provinces, and make monthly remittances to the Shanghae Taotai, to be handed over to the banks in payment of the indemnity.\n\nAt the end of the year, when the foreign and Native Customs collections have been completed and the benefit of the grain tax contribution has been realized, it can then be seen whether the additional sums thus derived are equal to the amount of the proposed reduction, and if so, or if it is more than equal to that amount, then the proposed reduction can be made. This will avoid the danger of delay in payments due.\n\nJui Lu, Supervising Censor and Taotai in Chekiang, has memorialized proposing: (1) a tax on all shops throughout the provinces; and (2) a tax on prepared opium. The chief arguments which he brings forward in support of his schemes are:\n\n1. The salt revenue and Native Customs having been given as security for the indemnity loan, the provincial revenues will be so decreased as to be insufficient to meet the ordinary yearly expenses of administration, while anything like improvements and reform will be out of the question.\n\n2. A tax could be levied upon the shops of well-to-do merchants without inflicting any great hardship upon them. The tax could be levied in proportion to the capital and value of the shops. The Province of Chih-li, lately overrun by troops, could be exempt temporarily.\n\n3. The evil inflicted by foreign opium on China is great, and the check upon this is taxation. Even a heavy charge upon this article would not be in the nature of an injustice. Taxation on import would be extremely difficult to arrange, and if a tax on native opium be proposed, that would only extend the sale of foreign opium. The only plan, then, is to make a charge upon prepared opium.\n\n4. Memorialist hears that some such scheme has already been put into practice in Kiangsu and Hupei, and with great success as regards amounts collected. He begs, therefore, that the Board of Revenue be instructed to find out what system has been adopted there and whether it cannot be applied generally throughout the provinces.\n\nThe Report of the Board of Revenue upon this Memorial recommends the adoption of the proposal for a shop tax. With regard to a tax on prepared opium, they say...",
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    {
        "id": 386893,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-314 - Public Offices - 1902",
        "page_number": 348,
        "title": "CO129-314 - Public Offices - 1902",
        "content_text": "## Commercial: the Native Customs.\n\nForces available for war and military movements. They have also a service of police for home work, composed of members of the ordinary population, who when on service status as soldiers but resume their civil character on withdrawing. These are called and renewed at regular intervals so as to equalize the incidence of the burden. Some such system must be adopted if it be desired to establish the country in strength.\n\nNow there are at present in Kuang-tung Province some 47,000 disciplined troops enrolled under the old standing army (Lu Ying, or Army of the Green Standard) for the upkeep of which costs about 2,150,000 taels. Any considerable addition to these forces would require very heavy additions to expenditure for which the Treasury is unable to pay. There are in addition 37,000 Braves.\n\nThe work of the Native Customs at Canton is now under the supervision of the Imperial Maritime Customs, and matters appear to be working smoothly, although the whole of the system and administration has not yet completely come under the control of the foreign staff, who are not at present sufficient to cope with the outdoor work of examination, &c. This is still carried on by the Hoppo's old staff, and though it is nominally under the control of the foreign staff, there has not been time to develop a satisfactory system of checks upon malpractices, which doubtless continue to exist.\n\nThe Tariff is gradually being assimilated to that of the Foreign Customs, and the result has been that many kinds of cargo formerly carried to and from Hong Kong in junks are now shipped by steamer. The import duties are the same for either way of shipment, and the steamers can in many cases offer better terms as regards freight. Waste silk and matting are the two principal exports thus affected.\n\n## Visit of Colonel Dessino to Canton.\n\nColonel Dessino, a Russian military officer, holding rank as Colonel de l'État Major, paid a visit to Canton at the end of February. He called upon the Governor and Tartar General, and for this purpose described himself as \"Imperial Russian Commercial Commissioner for Kuang-tung.\" The object of his mission was, he said, to see what possible opening there might be for Russian commerce, hitherto non-existent in this Province.\n\n## The Kerosene Oil Trade.\n\nMessrs. Arnhold, Karberg, and Co., agents for the Shell Transport and Trading Co., are now importing on their account large quantities of kerosene oil in bulk, which comes from Hongkong in a tank steamer, the \"Sabine Rickmers,\" and is made up in tins in Canton.\n\nSome anxiety is felt as regards trade prospects for this year; the customary rains have not yet fallen and it has been found impossible to plant the rice in many places where irrigation cannot be carried on. Fortunately, this is possible in most parts of the Delta, but in the west and north of the province, there are many districts which depend for water supply solely upon the rainfall, and anything approaching a rice famine would have a most serious effect upon the trade.\n\n## West River Steamers.\n\nIt is satisfactory to be able to record that the West River steamers \"Nanning\" and \"Sainam,\" which have been running at a loss ever since they were put on the river, made a profit of about 700 dollars as the result of their running during March. The improvement has been entirely on account of cargo.\n\n## Health of the Port.\n\nCholera has been very prevalent among the Chinese during the past two months, and many deaths have been reported. Matters have now improved considerably. The foreign community have suffered heavily, there having been six deaths among them from this disease, and two more from acute dysentery with choleraic symptoms.\n\n## Army Reform (Confidential).\n\nAs a result of the instructions issued in October last from the Central Government respecting changes in the army, the Board of Reorganization and the Military Bureau have jointly made report to the Viceroy submitting certain proposals for the application of the new scheme to the forces of Kuang-tung Province. The following is the substance of their Report:-\n\nWe would point out with reference to this subject that in the organization of foreign armies there are two chief divisions, the standing army and the reserve—these constitute the forces available for war and military movements.\n\nOn the other hand, if matters are allowed to continue in the present way, we shall become increasingly helpless. All we can do, under present financial conditions, is to remove from the army all useless persons, reform the discipline, and proceed to the energetic training and drilling of the forces now at our disposal. When, by these means, morale has been raised and a new organization introduced, it will be possible to remove time-honoured abuses and malpractices.\n\nAfter exhaustive inquiries and lengthy discussion with a view to the military requirements of Kuang-tung Province, we now have the honour to submit the following proposals:-\n\nThere should first be formed in Canton city a corps of infantry, one of artillery, and one of engineers, to be posted at various stations and continue their training there. These should constitute the nucleus of the new permanent force or standing army, should number 10,000 men, and be placed under the leadership of the Provincial General, who should remain in quarters with them. They should be divided as follows:-\n\n| Branch | Companies | Men |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| Infantry | 12 | ... |\n| Artillery | 3 | 344 |\n| Engineers | 2 | ... |\n\nThe yearly expenses for such a force would be 430,000 taels.\n\nA separate force of 15,000 men should be trained to form a reserve in six main divisions, to be posted in detachments on the East, West, and North Rivers, and at the border stations of Chiu Chou, Lien Chou, and at Kao Chou and Ch'iung Chou. This force would cost yearly about 1,300,000 taels, and would be under the direction of the present military authorities at the places where they are stationed.\n\nFor the command of these two corps, careful choice should be made among those members of the present forces who have some knowledge of the use of fire-arms and artillery. The selection should first be made from the Li Ying or Army of the Green Standard, and if that source is insufficient, officers can be borrowed from the Kiangnan Chiang Brigade or Yüan Shih K'ai's standing army. Students from the Hunan Chün Academy can be brought to Canton to establish colleges attached to the various camps, so that the officers can from time to time take up courses of study.\n\nA separate Pay Department should be instituted, so that the officers can devote themselves solely to the training of the forces, and not have their attention diverted by other matters.\n\nThe duty of the police force would, of course, be to see to the preservation of order. The Green Standard Army, rid of its worthless and decrepit members, can be converted into such a force, which would number probably about 12,000 men.\n\nWe would beg your Excellency to submit these proposals to the Throne by memorial, and also to consult with the Tartar General respecting the question of whether the Banner Forces should be trained as a separate force or incorporated in the army.\n\nThe above plan is intended to be carried out in conjunction with the reduction by 20 per cent. of the provincial forces and Braves, as ordered by Imperial Decree last year, and with the disbanding of the Irregulars specially enlisted in 1900.\n\nM. Mandi and Count von Butler, agents for Messrs. Krupp and Sons, paid a prolonged visit to Canton during February. So far as can be ascertained, they have not succeeded in securing any contracts for the supply of arms.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-314 - Public Offices - 1902.txt",
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    {
        "id": 388390,
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        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-316 - Governor Sir Blake - 1903 [1-4]",
        "page_number": 566,
        "title": "CO129-316 - Governor Sir Blake - 1903 [1-4]",
        "content_text": "$19\n\n552\n\n7\n\nThat the French will do all in their power to develop the trade of Kwang Chau by harbour improvements and an extension of their railway system from Indo-China is, I think, admitted. A railway linking Swatow with the great Chinese systems, which before many years will be causing vast changes in the Empire, may also affect our prosperity.\n\nIt would appear that, in view of such possible competition, our policy should be to strain every nerve to encourage trade to centre in Hongkong, rather than to suggest anything tending to decentralization.\n\nThe above will, I think, be sufficient to show that our position as the centre of trade for South China is not impregnable.\n\nMr. Osborne referred to the expenses of living, such as food, rent, wages, etc., etc., as already being partly based on gold. That a gold standard in Hong Kong will check the present tendency of prices to increase, I do not believe. A general and gradual rise in all the necessities of life is universal among the foreign population in the Far East. If we are to take Japan as an example, the introduction of a gold standard will, if anything, tend still further to increase the cost of living.\n\nI believe myself that the same argument applies with even greater force to the labour question.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-316 - Governor Sir Blake - 1903 [1-4].txt",
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    {
        "id": 390113,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-319 - Governor Sir Blake - 1903 [10-11]",
        "page_number": 389,
        "title": "CO129-319 - Governor Sir Blake - 1903 [10-11]",
        "content_text": "## bie Klintong \n\nKraustions in the hidden 386 213 \n\nBloch int them at once. liften ready to settle the Conditions Spurs then when d. Haiston. Dr. Javier who has all the Court papers Appendix 7.\n\nSport p. W 73 ding 2 with him with the order & check then names, dates amount, &... Amonty, &, and the if they are properly fine and if return them time for when the parties. Itten myself ration them by letter Midicitus or ishe m. Xavier do so.\n\nI this in toto. Mis deny the too abound. I attach moewe losu.\n\n6. Saffiends denial-cho im. Janies. Its sellin seldom su hu. Harston that see I hardly known him his business will time hardly \n\nThe tent is at require any in this peeing me personally, to \n\n8.742. Commissoney have had the benefit of hm. Haestring voluable opinion esto what he should do, were he Repiction. f. 752. Naturally having regend Opening portions the moject & presions withnes thing withers anden in intering Jam incompetent.\n\nAll the witnesses were called & state thanke I was incompetent. It is an wonder that thin",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-319 - Governor Sir Blake - 1903 [10-11].txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 391299,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-321 - Public Offices & Others - 1903",
        "page_number": 260,
        "title": "CO129-321 - Public Offices & Others - 1903",
        "content_text": "Name of Place. Distance- In Miles. In Hours. Remarks.\n\n(Tai Ho Tsun to) Po Chuck 18 7\n\nChien Chuan 15\n\nShui Tzu Ping 14\n\nKau Ho Tien 16 7\n\nPei Ti Ping La Isi (salt wells).. 17 Near Ying Pan Kai\n\nHsiao Tsa Chu 16\n\nLamati 12\n\nKu Li 12\n\n::: 14 7\n\n# Tsao Yao.. 12\n\nMino Wei 14\n\nFei Lung Bridge Tou Tao Shao 14\n\nLab Pan Teng 17\n\nSouth, out of Lashi Plain, over a pass, and descend to Úbien Chuan Valley.\n\nSouth, down valley,\n\nSouth and west, out of Chien Chuan Valley, and west through broken country,\n\nOver a pass, west, into valley of Yangpi River (Lan Chou Plain).\n\nWest, over a high range, and down to small valley. West, over a well-wooded range and descent down a gorge.\n\nWest, down gorge to banks of Mekong.\n\nAlong east bank of Mekong.\n\nAlong east bank of Mekong.\n\nCross Mekong and down west bank past Tu Wo.\n\nDown west bank, past Piao Tsuen.\n\nDown west bank.\n\nDown west bank.\n\nDown west bank for 6 miles; then west, into hills. Over high range; descend west, across Teas Chiang Plain and into hills on west side of it.\n\nWa Ma Market 16\n\nOver into Salwen Basin, and camp in hills to east of river.\n\nMan Ying Kai 19\n\nLan Pa, near Hui Po 54\n\nChiao Tou Market.. 2\n\nKai T'ou 19\n\nB *\n\nKa Tang.. 19\n\nDescend to Salwen, 12 miles; cross, and up west bank.\n\nCommence ascent of range on west bank of Salwen.\n\nOver Ma Mien Pass and descend into Irrawadi (Shweli) Valley.\n\nDescend Shweli Valley.\n\nWest, over into valley of Ming Kwang River, and then south to Ku Tung.\n\nTeng Yueh 22 9 Due south.\n\nNovember 16, 1902.\n\nRoute Sketches of Journey in North-West Yünnan.\n\nNote. Neither my time nor my skill were sufficient to enable me to draw full and accurate maps. I have at several places been able to check my sketches at points fixed by the surveys of Indian officers.\n\n(Signed)\n\nG. LITTON.\n\nPage ...\n\nLung Kai $700 Ft\n\nR. Yangtse\n\nMa Kai 4000 Ft poor and mountainous country\n\nHao Chi pa No. 1.\n\nYUNNAN FU TO TA YAO; THE SLOPE TO THE YANGTSE.\n\nScale, 1 inch-8 miles.\n\nWu Ting Chou 5900 Ft poor and mountainous country\n\nLeng Fan Chiao 6900** pass\n\nChi Kai\n\nChe Pei\n\nLu Feng\n\nLine of Trade Route from Burma,\n\n...................ckú Hsiung\n\n(60.7) 1903, 1238)S.W.China-Vol.\n\nFu\n\nAnning\n\nFu Min\n\n5600 Ft R. (drains Funnan Lake)\n\nYunnan Fu 6400 Ft\n\n- 25° 15'\n\n256\n\nHeron & Sons, Lith. S: Marius Lane L\n\n- 25°",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-321 - Public Offices & Others - 1903.txt",
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    {
        "id": 397871,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-330 - Public Offices - 1905",
        "page_number": 361,
        "title": "CO129-330 - Public Offices - 1905",
        "content_text": "# \nli-kin collection at about 90,000 taels, that of the native Customs at 60,000. He mentioned that coal paid no li-kin, but was lightly taxed at the pit mouth. A considerable quantity of native opium, he said, passed through Shiu-kuan, coming from Szechuan, Hunan, and Ch'u-chou in Chekiang. It paid at present only 2 taels per picul duty, but this was shortly to be raised.\n\nShiu-kuan is surrounded by a crenellated wall in an unusually good state of preservation. The principal business quarter is the Cantonese suburb, outside the wall facing the North River. The Yamêns are in the so-called native or Hakka quarter, within four minutes' walk of the West Gate. There are besides a Hunanese and a Kiangsi quarter. Opposite the West Gate is the suburb destroyed by the Taipings, now a heap of grass-covered ruins. Here the Wesleyan Mission are erecting their new house in foreign style, and propose, when funds permit, to build a hospital. A fair number of junks were anchored on both branches of the river, but the shipping and movement of the place did not, I must confess, come up to my expectation.\n\nThe population is estimated by the missionaries at over 100,000.\n\nOn the afternoon of our arrival, I called with Captain Vaughan on the Taotai, Ch'ang, Tuan-pen, who is Intendant of the Nam Shao Lien (Namheung, Shao-chou Lienchou) circuit.\n\nHaving previously sent a deputy on board to make inquiries regarding the rank of a British Consul—I was apparently the first official of the kind whom the Taotai had come in contact with during his seven years' tenure of office—chairs were sent to convey us to the Yamên, and we were received with the customary salutes and ceremonies. The Taotai was most cordial, and discoursed intelligently on current political topics.\n\nHe expressed surprise that the \"Robin\" had been able to reach Shiu-kuan, and his opinion that steamers could not with safety ply on this part of the river was doubtless confirmed by the subsequent unfortunate stranding of that vessel 3 miles below the city.\n\nI told him that, in my opinion, light draft stern-wheelers should be able to reach Shiu-kuan without difficulty during the five summer months, and he entirely agreed with me as to the benefits to be derived from steam communication with Canton. Asked as to the state of the country under his jurisdiction, the Taotai said that brigandage of the kind prevalent in the neighbouring province of Kuangsi was, happily, of rare occurrence, but that the members of the Triad Society (Sau Tien-hui), reinforced by refugees from Kuangsi, had for some time past caused considerable trouble in the districts around Shiu-kuan. He ascribed their activity—somewhat unjustly, I thought—to the machinations of Kang Yu Wei and his followers.\n\nFrom Mr. Dewstoe, the resident Wesleyan missionary, I subsequently learned that the Taotai had the reputation of being well-meaning, but weak; that he was anxious to retire, being quite unable to cope with the growing lawlessness in his jurisdiction; that the Triads had adherents among all classes of the people—even in the Yamêns—and that with the small military force at their disposal—about 200 men in all—the officials were powerless to check the constantly recurring outrages committed in the name of the Society.\n\nAs an instance of this, I was told that a few weeks before our arrival, a young scholar, whose father, in his capacity of village elder, had incurred the enmity of the Triads, was cut in pieces in broad daylight on the highway within 6 miles of the city. Two Buddhist priests, who were subsequently arrested, confessed to their share in the murder, and in the books seized in the monastery to which they belonged were the names of several prominent residents of Shiu-kuan and two or three of the head runners in the Magistrate's Yamên.\n\nThe following morning, the Taotai returned our call, and was saluted by the \"Robin\" with six guns, three on arrival and three on departure. This salute, which I am aware is in excess of that allowed by the King's Regulations, was given by Captain Vaughan at my written request: firstly, because we had been similarly saluted at the Taotai's Yamên; secondly, because the Magistrate at Yingtak having received three guns, I considered that the Taotai, his superior, and the principal territorial official in this part of the province, was entitled to some additional mark of respect, the visit of a British gun-boat and Consul being in itself a more or less memorable occurrence.\n\nThe Taotai mentioned that two Japanese merchants had recently visited him and announced their intention of starting business in the city. He had informed them that this was impossible, as Shiu-kuan was not yet a Treaty port. They were, I understand, interested in coal. There are coal mines in the neighbourhood of Shiu-kuan, situated within 5 miles of the city up both rivers, which have been worked for some years past by native methods; the present output is inconsiderable, and the coal, taken from the surface, of poor quality. It sells in Shiu-kuan for about 6 dollars per ton.\n\nThe Taotai, when I remarked on the anomaly that practically all the coal consumed by steamers in Canton and on the rivers was imported from Japan, while large deposits of this valuable fuel were known to exist in various parts of the Canton Province, said he fully appreciated the advantages to be derived from the exploitation of mines, but that in his particular jurisdiction the people were extremely adverse to the hills being disturbed, and that scientific mining had hitherto been barely possible. I subsequently heard that two parties of French prospectors had visited the mines during the past year.\n\n## \nFrom the Rev. Edgar Dewstoe of the Wesleyan Mission, who has been stationed at Shiu-kuan for the last seven years, I learnt that there are three missionary societies working in this part of the country: the Roman Catholics, with headquarters at Nam-heung, who devote themselves chiefly to work among the country people; the Berlin Mission with stations at Nam-heung, Chihsien, Yen-fa, and Shiu-kuan; the Wesleyans with branches at Lok-ch'eng, Lung-kuai, Mong-fu-kong, and Yingtak. Mr. Dewstoe said that, after some years of uphill work, he considered his Mission was now established on a solid basis; he was on the best of terms with the local authorities, due, he thought, to his adhering to the rule of never interfering in his converts' lawsuits; counted several influential men among his friends, and was able to preach every Sunday in the city chapel—a fine new building in semi-Chinese style—to an interested and respectful congregation. Some of the largest shops in Shiu-kuan are kept by Wesleyan converts, who have apparently no desire to conceal their faith. Most of the shops are plentifully adorned with text and religious pictures; in a large druggist's I saw posted on the door a notice in Chinese giving chapter and verse of the Bible reading to be held that evening in the chapel. The people are, on the whole, well-disposed towards foreigners; only in the Cantonese quarter is one liable to meet with any rudeness. In one of the halls of the Canton Guild House, I was shown a Chinese teacher seated at a pulpit expounding the Sacred Edict to whomsoever cared to listen; at the moment of our visit, a handful of coolies, who, from their attitudes, apparently considered this a convenient place to take their noon-day siesta. I was told that the cost of these daily lectures is defrayed by the Canton Guild, with the object of counteracting the growing influence of the Christian chapels. During our two days' stay at Shiu-kuan, the \"Robin\" was a source of unfailing interest to crowds of people, both men and women, who, dressed in their best clothes, came off in boatloads to gaze at the \"fire-ship.\" They conducted themselves in a very orderly manner, and made no attempt to force their way on board. I was sorry that the small size of the ship prevented our throwing her open to visitors. However, in the evening, we gave a display of rockets and coloured lights which, to judge from the loud murmurs of admiration that rose from an invisible throng outside and on the city wall, was much appreciated.\n\nThe shops in the main street leading from the south to the north gate through the Kiangsi and Hunanese quarters seemed well supplied with foreign goods. I purchased, among other things, soap, soda water, beer, biscuits, bovril, and cigarettes of British make. There are some fine pottery shops, where I was shown cases full of Kiangsi ware packed ready for export to Canton. In the Canton quarter, the streets are narrow and dirtier, the shops are exactly the same as those met with in the delta; the import business is, as usual, in the hands of the Cantonese.\n\nAn interesting local industry is the preparation of ground-nut oil, carried on in three large factories in the suburb adjoining the Wesleyan Mission. The nuts are first sun-dried on concrete floors, then pressed in troughs between round stones by means of wedges. The oil is now chiefly used for cooking purposes, kerosene having completely superseded it as an illuminant.\n\nThe climate of Shiu-kuan is hot in summer, and, owing to the sudden change of temperature caused by alternating north and south winds, is unhealthy for Europeans. The winter is cold, frost and snow being of frequent occurrence. Plague is unknown, but cholera and small-pox common. The surrounding country, besides being extremely picturesque, abounds in wild animals of all kinds, among which I may mention deer, wild boar, porcupines, monkeys, leopards, and tigers. The last-named are reported to be quite numerous: they frequently descend on the outlying villages and carry off dogs, buffalo, and sometimes children. An amusing incident occurred on the day of our arrival: as the \"Robin\" steamed past the Wesleyan Mission on the river bank, the blast of the siren was mistaken by an infants' school close by for the roar of a tiger; the terrified teacher and children bolted and barred their doors and windows, and waited panic-stricken for the approach of their enemy. It is unfortunate that this country, rich in game, is practically inaccessible to Hong Kong sportsmen: the shooting season is, of course, in winter, when the river is only open... \n\nPage 9\n954",
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        "content_text": "# 417\n\n## 30\n\nThe arrangements come under the general cognizance and supervision of Sir R. Hart and the Imperial Customs,\n\nThe reason why such an agreement is necessary is, in the case of points (1) and (2), to get rid of the obligation to pay the heavy \"foreign\" opium duty, and in the case of point (3), because without such an understanding neither the Government of India nor the Chinese merchants who embark capital in the proposed trade will know exactly where they are; and that without it, the whole scheme would be at the mercy of any petty li-kin official in the interior of China. It is by no means an easy matter to get a clear statement from Chinese officials as to what payments on account of taxes in respect of any commodity are really due, nor are such statements, if procured, always to be relied on.\n\nThe exact nature of the agreements required would be:-\n\n(1) With the Yunnan authorities and the Tengyueh Customs, that Yünnan opium destined for transport across Burmah via the Tengyueh-Burmah route en route to Canton or any other East Coast port, should pay the Yunnan provincial li-kin for the time being lawfully due and no more or less, as a condition precedent to being accepted. The proof of such lawful payment for export viâ Burmah at Tengyueh custom-house, would be the production of li-kin receipts in the form issued by the Yunnan authorities. This is the procedure at Mengtse for opium exported by the Customs there for Tonquin.\n\nOn production of the li-kin receipts, the Tengyueh Customs would allow the opium to go out, probably on payment of a further customs duty, the amount of which would be prescribed by Sir R. Hart after an agreement had been come to with the British authorities.\n\nAs the opium is produced by Chinese in China, and is destined for consumption by Chinese in China, it is hoped that the Chinese Maritime Customs duty would be levied at a low rate. India need not ask for a high rate, for the competition of the Yunnan drug will not be with India but rather with Szechuan opium. The export duty at Mengtse for opium destined for Tonquin is 20 taels (say, 40 rupees a picul of 133.4 lb.).\n\n(2) With the Canton authorities and the Canton Customs (or with the Shanghae Customs and the local provincial authorities, or with the Customs and the appropriate provincial authorities of whatever the port of entry on the East Coast may be), the agreement would be that on arrival of the Yunnan opium, the Imperial Customs should take charge of it, and not release it until consignees had paid to the provincial li-kin or other lawful authorities the proper provincial destination duties, which should be no more or less than those supposed to be levied on Yunnan opium arriving not viâ Burmah but by interior overland routes.\n\nIn Yünnan, li-kin is the only inland charge on opium.\n\nThe Customs at the port of destination having received proof that the proper provincial dues have been paid on the opium would release it in the same way as is now done with foreign opium, or native opium arriving via the Yang-tsze.\n\nThe reason why stress is laid on the payment of provincial li-kin both in Yunnan and at the port of destination, is that it is most essential to the success of the scheme that the Governments of the various provinces concerned should have their sympathies enlisted on behalf of it. I have been in demi-official correspondence with our Consul-General at Canton on the subject, and he has especially insisted on this point. All duties collected by the Imperial Chinese Customs go to the Central Government at Peking, and if the duties on the opium sent across per Burmah are all to be collected by the Customs, it would be so much off the provincial revenue, and the strongest provincial opposition would be aroused. If some such scheme as I propose can be adopted-\n\n| Point | Beneficiary | Benefit |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| (1) | Provincial authorities | Proper payment of their li-kins would be secured and a check put on the present system of peculation. |\n| (2) | Peking authorities | They would get customs export duty at Tengyuen, which they do not get now. |\n| (3) | Merchants | They would know exactly what they had to pay, and would have the advantage of safe and cheap transport. |\n| (4) | Burmah | She would gain by the carriage of the drug across her territory and by the convenience of having a return export trade which would stimulate her import trade to China. The importance of Bhamo as the emporium of the trade would be much increased. |\n\nThus, I think, no one except the underlings and bandits who prey on the trade as now conducted would have cause to complain.\n\n## 31\n\n4. Information is required as to the cost of the carriage of Yunnan opium across China, including provincial taxes, &c., also freight and other items of expenditure which would be incurred in carriage of opium viâ Tengyueh to Bhamo.\n\nI cannot guarantee the accuracy of all the figures given below, most of which were collected in Yünnan-fu some two years ago. Tengyueh merchants can give no details beyond Yunnan-fu, as the opium there passes out of their hands; further, freights and li-kins are constantly changing. I believe that heavy additional li-kin on native opium consumed in Canton has recently been imposed, but I have no exact information.\n\nIn any case, whatever the total li-kin and other charges in the province of destination may amount to, they will equally have to be paid, if the scheme now submitted is adopted.\n\nThe mule load of opium in Yünnan is usually 2,400 Chinese ounces or taels in weight; this is 14 piculs, or 200 lb.—i.e., two boxes of opium, each weighing 1 picul or 100 lb., make a mule load.\n\nIf I take the picul of 133.3 lb. of opium as the unit, and the place of provenance as Hsiakuan (Ta Li) which is the chief centre of opium production in West Yünnan, and the place of destination as Canton, I think the following estimate of cost would be approximately correct-----\n\n| Item | Cost (rupees per picul) |\n| --- | --- |\n| (1) Mule transport, Hsiakuan to Yunnan-fu | 7 to 8 |\n| (2) Mule transport, Yünnan-fu to head of West River at Po Ngai | 14 to 16 |\n| (3) Boat transport down West River to Canton | 6 to 8 |\n| (4) Handling, warehousing, &c. | 5 |\n| (5) Yunnan li-kin as now levied | 66 |\n| (6) Kwangsi transit li-kin | 18 |\n| (7) Canton province entrance li-kin | 40 |\n\nor, say, in all a total of 155 rupees per picul of 133.4 lb. to get within the borders of Canton province from Hsiakuan.\n\nThis is the most direct way to Canton, but it has now been practically closed for some years, except at intervals, owing to disturbances on the Kwangsi frontier.\n\nOpium has accordingly been sent via Kweichou to the headwaters of a branch of the West River at San Chueh, near Ku Chou, in South-East Kweichou. This entails extra charges of-\n\n| Item | Cost (rupees per picul) |\n| --- | --- |\n| (1) Kweichou transit li-kin | 25 (about) |\n| (2) Extra mule hire | 5 (about) |\n\nSometimes the river at the Ku Chou is also closed by bandits, and the drug is sent round by a corner of South-West Hunan with the following extra charges:\n\n| Item | Cost (rupees per picul) |\n| --- | --- |\n| (1) Hunan transit li-kin | 16 (about) |\n| (2) Extra carriage | 7 (probably) |\n\nTo the above charges a large but very uncertain addition must be made for armed escorts, blackmail paid to robbers, &c. On the other hand, sometimes the payment of li-kin is avoided by payment of a bribe of less amount.\n\nOn the whole, I regret that it is impossible for me, here, to submit a precise answer to the question put to me; but it may, I think, be safely said that the cost of getting Hsiakuan opium within the borders of Canton Province by the inland routes is never less than 200 rupees a picul.\n\nAt the present moment, owing to reports of wholesale robberies on the Kwangsi border near Ku Chou, there is but little trade that way, but these suspensions of trade, if frequent, are temporary only, for, by hook or by crook, West Yünnan has to get its opium out, for opium is the only means which the country possesses to pay for its cotton, i.e., for the clothing of the people.\n\nThe average value of opium at an ordinary rate at Hsiakuan, not including li-kin, is 350 taels to 450 taels (say, 700 rupees to 900 rupees) a load, i.e., a load of 200 lb., or 2 piculs; that is, 460 rupees to 600 rupees a picul of 133.4 lb.; the difference given is that between the best and worst qualities.\n\nIf Hsiakuan opium was to be sent to Tengyueh and Bhamo, the charges would be as follows:-",
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        "content_text": "# AFFAIRS OF CHINA\n## CONFIDENTIAL\n\n2\n\naware, the capital to build the line from Swatow to Chao-chou-fu has been mainly subscribed by Chinese in the Straits and in Java. Japanese engineers are constructing the line, and we understand that some 200 Japanese all told are employed upon it in various capacities.\n\nThe experiment is being watched with the keenest interest by the Chinese, and it appears probable that, in the event of success, there will be a powerful demand from the more enlightened and wealthier classes all over the Empire to be allowed to build, under like conditions, their own railways wherever required. On the success or failure of this little enterprise would seem to depend the future course of the development of railway building in China. In the event of success, we may expect to see increased opposition offered both by officials and people to any future schemes for building railways with foreign capital.\n\nIn view of this, the importance of pressing ahead with whatever preliminaries are still necessary to prepare the way for the loan required to build the Kowloon--Canton line, in order to have it ready for floatation at a favourable moment, has become increasingly apparent. Hence our constant representations on this subject. Our idea was, and is, that if the British and Chinese Corporation could get in first with their line to Canton, the idea of starting an opposition port would receive considerable discouragement, and the movement on foot, as described, would suffer a severe check.\n\nOn the head of this came positive information that the Americans were attempting to obtain a Concession for an open port to serve as a sea terminus to their Hankow to Canton line. From the foregoing it might appear that they would be likely to encounter Chinese opposition, and possibly they may. At the same time it is equally open to anyone to surmise that they may find it convenient to join forces with the Chinese on some mutually advantageous business basis. Our information from one source colours this theory. From another we hear that the American-China Development Company are trying to get the Concession clear for themselves under a clause in their original Agreement providing for access to the sea. There would seem to be two groups of Americans at work, but there is some doubt about this. There is, however, no doubt at all about the truth of the statement made in our telegram of the 31st. \"Americans endeavouring to arrange for deep water port near Whampoa as terminus Canton-Hankow line.\"\n\nIf there had been any doubt about the matter, our message would have been couched in different terms. Often it is not possible to obtain precise information when it may, nevertheless, be advisable to utter a warning note, and in cases of this kind we shall always take the precaution of using guarded language calculated to make clear to you the uncertain nature of our information. In this case there was no doubt, and we therefore telegraph a plain statement of fact. When we adopt this course, we trust that you will give us credit for having something more to go upon than mere rumour.\n\nAs regards the railway negotiations in progress at Peking, we trust that the British and Chinese Corporation will not fail to take into consideration the danger to this Colony arising out of delay.\n\n## British and Chinese Corporation to Foreign Office.-(Received May 23.)\n\nSir,\n\n3, Lombard Street, London, May 22, 1905.\n\nIN concluding our letter to you of the 18th instant in reply to your letter of the 16th idem we stated that we were telegraphing to China for information respecting the Canton-Kowloon Railway negotiations.\n\nWe now beg leave to acquaint you, for the information of the Marquess of Lansdowne, that we have received the following reply from Messrs. Jardine, Matheson, and Co., dated Shanghae, the 20th instant :-\n\n| Date | Sender | Message |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| 18th | (Our telegram) | Referring to your telegram of the 18th. We have received a telegram from C. H. Ross (Peking). The British Minister submitted our proposal to the Wai-wu Pu, but before proceeding with the negotiations they wish to consult with Sheng Kung Pao, who arrived Wednesday last, now visiting the Dowager Empress. We expect to make progress in about a week or two, but it continues very uncertain with whom will negotiate. |\n\nWe are greatly disappointed that so much delay is taking place at Peking, and that we are still in a condition of uncertainty as to the negotiations, although our past experience, and especially our knowledge of Sheng Kung Pao, should have prepared us for infinite procrastination.\n\nRumoured movements in the direction of railway construction to unite Canton and Whampoa point to the urgency of pressing to the utmost the negotiations we are engaged upon to a conclusion, and we hope His Majesty's Minister at Peking will be good enough to continue to give the Corporation's representative at Peking the benefit of his valuable support and assistance in overcoming difficulties and concluding the final Agreement.\n\nWe are, &c.\n\n(Per The British and Chinese Corporation, Limited),\n\n(Signed) W. KESWICK, Chairman.\n\nI am, &c.\n\n(Signed) M. STEWART, Hon. Secretary.\n\nPage 42 \n`18416` \n`JUN 05` \n`SECTION 2.` \n`C. O.` \n`19604` \n`Rec [REG!` \n`[May 23.]`",
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        "content_text": "# \n募 \n\n16 \n\nconfined to the lower slopes. Half-way up the hills where our road lay opium was the most important crop, followed by a summer sowing of maize, but we also saw some patches of wheat and beans.\n\nThe Lisu are stay-at-home people, which is not surprising in view of the difficulty of getting about. Few of them can give any information about country more than three days' march from their own village, and fewer still have ever seen a town of 1,000 inhabitants or a square mile of flat country. These hills are so cut off from all relief by the outer world, and the villagers are so poor, that the problem of how to get enough to eat is the burning question of the day. There are no free-traders here. In none of the villages beyond Lu Chang could we buy a pound of rice or other cereals, though fowls and an occasional goat were forthcoming. Even paterfamilias practises high protection. He tries to get enough grain to feed himself and his family till the next harvest, and will not let a spoonful go out of the house.\n\nThe Chinese lower down the Salween regard all the country above Mao Chao as \"black\" or wild Lisu territory, utterly beyond the pale of civilization. There are no Chinese residents on the Salween north of Cheng Ka. No doubt the Lisu often raid in various directions, hunger being the chief incentive, though sometimes the object is to make slaves, or, in the case of forays towards the north, to cut off the Chinese gold-workers. The slave traffic seems fairly brisk. At Pai Pa the price of a male or female child of 8 to 10 years was about 20 rupees, but some of our porters told us that if we could come on to their village some distance further north we should find a larger selection and at easier rates. The slavery is of the domestic type, but the slave has also to work in the fields.\n\nAt Pai Pa, while I was sitting in my tent, I was surprised by a very dirty old man with remarkably brilliant black eyes, who threw himself down on the ground at the door of my tent and began a chant in a high, loud voice. I thought that he was a beggar, and asked the by-standers what his song was all about. They said in a rather awe-struck manner that they did not understand it. On inquiry I then discovered that I was in the presence of the local soothsayer, or medicine man.\n\nRealizing that he might be a person of some importance, I at once gave him a necklace of red beads and a rupee, whereupon he declared, in language which could be understood of the people, that my goings and comings in the Lisu country would be most prosperous--an announcement which had an impressive effect on the by-standers.\n\nThese \"tien ssu,\" or prophets, as the Chinese call them, are to be found in many Lisu villages. They deal in charms, medicines, funeral rites, omens, incantations, and in the knowledge of all things which, for the ordinary mortal, are hidden in the womb of time. No doubt among the ignorant villagers they have considerable influence, and could, if they wished, raise disturbances. The language of their trade is probably an archaic form of Lisu, and the various chants and invocations which they use have been handed down for generations and from times of old.\n\nI cannot confirm the reports of the savage and barbarous habits of these Lisu. I was entirely in their hands for two weeks, and I found that their good-will was very easy to win.\n\nPorters were always forthcoming so long as there was a ration of rice to give them, and I never had the least trouble. They are a hardy race, and though their manners are rough, they did not appear to be given to quarrelling among themselves like the Kachins, and the European traveller can march with them without feeling that uncontrollable desire to assault them which he nearly always feels in the case of Chinese coolies. Given the absence of Chinese soldiers and officials, and a carefully arranged supply of food, the complete exploration of the Lisu country on the Upper Salween would, for a good walker, be no difficult task, provided that he went in the autumn, when the weather is fine, when there is the minimum of snow on the passes, and local supplies of cereal food for a small party could be purchased.\n\nFrom the village of Pai Pa there is a pass via the village of Chi Me Le westwards over the great Salween divide to Langsu or the Maru country along the N Maikha, while Kang Fang on the Upper Ngaw Chang River can also be reached by this pass in four days from Pai Pa. There is said to be another route over this range some three days north of Pai Pa, but the communication between the Salween and the N'Maikha is difficult and unfrequent, as the Marus and Lisu have very little to do with each other. We had hoped to explore the Chi Me Le Pass, but the deep snows and continuous rain rendered the track quite impassable.\n\n17\n\n## Chinese Expedition to the Maru Country\n\n441\n\nThe Chinese Headman of Ku T'an, a village near Teng Keng, came into camp at Lu Chang and told me all about an attempt which had been made in the 16th year of Kwang Hsü (1890) to establish Chinese influence on the Upper N'Maikha. He had taken charge of the expedition, which consisted of fifty persons, nearly all Chinese. The venture was financed by the Teng Keng, Ta Tang, and Ming Kwang Headmen to the extent of 3,000 taels. It had two objects--firstly, to check the advance of British control from Myitkyina; and, secondly, to work the brine wells on the N'Maikha at about latitude 26° 30′.\n\nThe venture proved a failure owing to the extreme difficulty of the country, the absence of proper arrangements to bring up supplies, and the deadly climate. The Headman told me that he could speak some Maru, and had remained on the Upper N'Maikha for about seven months. The Maru villages he described as being constantly at feud with one another, and endeavouring to enlist his assistance in their quarrels.\n\nThe brine wells proved to be rich, but the expense and difficulty of transport to China rendered it impossible to make any profit, and the attempt to establish a Chinese colony had to be abandoned. This Ku Tan Headman was a particularly intelligent man, and told me that the Chinese, with their methods, would never be able to open up the country, and that they have no funds to make what was absolutely essential, namely, a passable track. He asked me to mention that he would like to serve under any British officer who might be conducting an expedition into the Maru country. His route had been via Kang Fang, then across the Ngaw Chang, and up into the mountains beyond.\n\nTo describe the government of the Lisu on the Upper Salween would be like describing the snakes of Iceland. North of latitude 26° there is practically none, except in so far as the \"prophets\" and old men of each village look after the affairs of that village. The jurisdiction of the Teng Keng Fu Yi (residing on the right bank of the Salween, latitude 26°), extends along the right bank only as far as the Ku Tan. Many of Teng Keng's villages are Chinese, or half-caste Lisu. The Teng Keng Fu Yi is a boy of about 16. Proceeding north, the next Fu Yi is at Lu Chang, to the north of the Ku Tan Stream, and situated at 6,000 feet high above the right bank of the Salween. This Fu Yi is an intelligent child of 9; he is of Lisu extraction, and the clan name is Cha. His affairs are managed by his mother and their villagers. Practically all Lisu seem to be in a prosperous and happy condition. The Lu Chang territory is about 10 miles from south to north. Next comes the Mao Chao Fu Yi. His village, like Lu Chang, is perched on a terrace 3,000 feet above the right bank of the river, and backed by the snowy Irrawaddy divide. This Fu Yi is about 35 years of age; his territory is some 14 miles from north to south, and entirely inhabited by Lisu. His rule is wholly confined to attempts, sometimes successful, sometimes otherwise, to levy money or goods from his villages. Pai Pa is the last Mao Chao village proceeding north.\n\nBeyond Pai Pa for three days the country nominally belongs to the Lao Wo Fu Yi, who resides in the hills between the Salween and the Mekong at about latitude 26°. The village of Cheng-ka, on the right bank of the Salween, below Pai Pa, and its ferry belongs to him, and his agent resides at Cheng-ka. Lao Wo's efforts at government appear to be less successful than those of Mao Chao, but they go further, for he does not confine himself to trying to levy money; he also endeavours from time to time to raid his subjects and carry off the fairest of their damsels.\n\nAgain, north of the territory claimed by Lao Wo, the Fu Yi of Chou, known as \"Lo Tu Kuan,\" i.e., the native official Lo, who has his residence on the Mekong, is supposed to be the overlord of the Lisu on both banks of the Salween; but his control, even on the left bank, and in the hills between the Salween and the Mekong, is of so shadowy a description that it may be said not to exist at all.\n\nNone of these Fu Yi appear to claim, and most certainly none of them control, any territory to the west of the great divide in the Irrawaddy basin.\n\nNorth of about latitude 27° 40′ the La Tzu tribe along the banks of the Salween are supposed to be tributary to the Moso, Thibetan Chief of Yetche, on the left bank of the Mekong. North, again, of the Lu Tzu country, i.e., from about latitude 28° 20′, the Salween Valley is, it is believed, wholly inhabited by Thibetans of the Tsarong Province.\n\n[2167 x-1]",
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        "document_key": "CO129-334 - Governor Nathan - 1906 [5-7]",
        "page_number": 76,
        "title": "CO129-334 - Governor Nathan - 1906 [5-7]",
        "content_text": "## ASIE 1,000,000° \n-De-Min Bang \n0 Fizy.. \ntw Galbia \nBoi-Ling Chan \nAt Pasg Chand \nJAD Shan Tchao \n· Tam Cirith jeng İHBmard Merwins \nCablo Pältarnatique de thony Kway & that they - $72. Libros, Comp Anonfion des Foregraphes d'Australe et de Com \nBatu du Morit \nCherial du Milieu \nBlace to Sad \nChenal iz Sreet; \n\n## 20-ZHONG TRAKULI \nDestinė, hélagraví in publisi parla Sizvire géographique de l'Armée. \nStoleranz Chung-Tehoven \nTriu \n\n## CANTON \ntable Poligraphique de Harry-time une con St Augnies (Saign) #10 Kilom, tomy ? hugarion was gre \nHa Pacaveir \nFcbelle de 1.400.000. \n\n\"DE MACAO Thing \nflex Grupo dîme-Hom \nÇÃO G-KONG \nlong-kluxy # Fabuan i \nLadrones Charest Cantan \nNAD Koen \nBlang dawny- \nPo Check \nBate de Ring Mini\" \n\nہو اور اگر نیکی ہیں اور \nHung Ang \nThey attack Thick \n1:4 Envei-Yang \nKing-Ficheiro | Foto-Tisbewa \nHeart the \nParla K-Trou Chan \nCha-em \nFringay lle 24 114 \nLan-Fa Chat \nHeau-The Feng-Choo, \n•Toung Chen Duke This \nFout-Yan Chan BL \nWhin tige \n•Heat-Scharfo Tary \n-Ning Dung K-40% \nbe-The Fatiming (Forte BullsEs \nPetra Branca 200 [Tai-Sing-Chari). \n\nCable Tistegraphique de Hong-bing a tharry K03 Blom. Compts The \nCuble de quatre The Wond \nde Bag-liny Bor-Ion 174 Reton Compte Anglus der Topher of Australie et de Orin \nCable, Todpretique to Bang King at Cap. Borinco (the them) tisur. Comp Anglais des Telégray \n\n## BARD STANFOREL \nGECCA 16 Tam KG. \n1, Lauđen, W.G \nWe Maker aut that Whampoa \nHoang hon",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-337 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1906",
        "page_number": 347,
        "title": "CO129-337 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1906",
        "content_text": "341\n\nproprietors are always poor men and dependent thereon for a livelihood, such shops shall also be required to take out licences, in order that they may be inspected.\n\nPreparation of raw opium in refuse opium shops is absolutely forbidden; but in view of the fact that the profit derived from the sale of the paste which is made from the refuse opium purchased from the opium shops is small, no duty need be paid for their licences. No new shop shall be opened, even in place of such as may be out of business. Lights shall be extinguished and doors closed at 9 P.M. every night; and vagabonds shall not be harboured, on pain of attachment and punishment. Large establishments shall pay 12 dollars, small establishments ... dollars, per annum for the licence certificate itself.\n\nDivans for the consumption of opium have never vended the prepared drug; to obviate the possibility of fraud, they are now forbidden to prepare it at all on the premises. Such divans must, however, take out licences, and, as apart from the shops, pay 4 dollars per annum for the certificate.\n\n5. The farming of this duty being under Government supervision, the shops of any dishonest merchants combining to resist the same will be seized by the local officials at the instance of the head office; the ringleaders will be sought out, brought to trial, and severely punished.\n\nInasmuch as the law has always required that converts, being equally Chinese subjects, should bear an equal share with non-converts in all labour on public works or rates levied for projects of local benefit, so also, under the new licensing system for opium shops, must they pay duty and take out licences, and will, if resisting payment, be equally dealt with by the law.\n\n6. Opium shops having always been prohibited in the Tartar quarter, it is highly probable that, on the introduction of the present licensing system for opium houses in Canton, dishonest traders will, in collusion with bannermen, rent houses in the said quarter for the secret preparation of the drug, and will convey it into the Chinese quarter and secretly sell it. The Tartar General will be requested through the Viceroy to direct his chief officers to use their utmost endeavours to check such abuse, in the interests of the revenue.\n\nThe above Regulations are a general outline of the present scheme, and are subject to alteration, if such be necessary, at any time.\n\n(Translation.)\n\nInclosure 4 in No. 1.\n\nViceroy of Canton to Consul-General Scott.\n\nSir,\n\nCanton, January 22, 1906. I HAVE the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your despatch of the 16th instant, requesting that the levy of a prepared-opium licence may be discontinued pending reference to the Wai-wu Pu and His Majesty's Minister in Peking, for their consideration and decision.\n\nIn reply, I have the honour to point out that a licence duty on prepared opium has long been levied in this province. In 1884 a Government office was opened for the purpose, but in 1889 the system was changed and the tax farmed out to the Yung An Tang Syndicate—no objection to these measures being raised either by your predecessors or yourself.\n\nSubsequently, in 1902, when the Kuang Hsing Syndicate took over the farming of the licences, the duty was calculated on the raw drug before the packages were opened, and was thus of the nature of additional taxation. You accordingly wrote that you had received instructions from His Majesty's Minister to the effect that this proceeding was in contravention of the Chefoo Convention, and requested the discontinuance of the tax.\n\nAs, under the present scheme, it is the shops manufacturing the prepared article which are required to take out licences and pay licence fees, the tax is no more than a shop tax; and not being levied on the raw drug before the packages are opened, has absolutely nothing to do with the Chefoo Convention.\n\nThe system has not only been in force for a long time in this province, but was adopted years ago throughout China, and its suspension would naturally be a matter of difficulty.\n\nYour long residence in this province and your well-known sense of justice will, I am sure, enable you to appreciate the obstacles which prevent compliance with your request.\n\nI avail, &c.\n\n(Viceroy's seal.)\n\nInclosure 3 in No. 1.\n\nConsul-General Scott to Viceroy of Canton.\n\nCanton, January 16, 1906.\n\nSir,\n\nWITH reference to the proposed levy of a tax on prepared opium, as recently notified by the authorities, I have the honour to remind your Excellency of the arrangement made by me with your Excellency's predecessor, that no tax on prepared opium should be introduced without the sanction of His Majesty's Minister and the Wai-wu Pu.\n\nI would also call the attention of your Excellency to my despatch of the 22nd July, 1903, in which I made representations in the above sense, requesting your Excellency to prohibit the collection of such a tax by the Heng Chi Syndicate, and to your Excellency's reply received the 4th August, agreeing that the tax should not be introduced until the sanction of the Wai-wu Pu had been obtained.\n\nI now learn that your Excellency has decided to impose a tax on the prepared drug under another name, viz., prepared-opium licence. Such tax, whatever name be given to it, is a breach of the above-mentioned arrangement, and I would request your Excellency to suspend the levy until the matter has been submitted by your Excellency and myself to the consideration and decision of the high authorities in Peking.\n\nI avail, &c. (Signed) JAMES SCOTT.",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-343 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907",
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        "title": "CO129-343 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907",
        "content_text": "## Inclosure 1 in No. 1.\n\nConsul Ker to Sir J. Jordan.\n\nNanking, December 17, 1906.\n\nOn receipt of your telegram of the 5th instant, informing me that the Wai-wu Pu had agreed to telegraph to the Viceroy Tuan-fang urging the immediate dispatch of deputies to Shanghae to discuss the settlement of the claims in connection with the riots of last December, I arranged for an interview with his Excellency, which, however, I subsequently postponed in order to wait for the documents which I was instructed in your telegram of the following day to obtain from Shanghae. By the time these arrived, the Viceroy's whole attention was absorbed by the measures that had to be taken to assist in the suppression of the insurrection in Kiangsi; and, on the morning of the 14th instant, the day fixed for my interview, he sent his Secretary to request me to postpone my visit until Sunday, the 16th, when he would be comparatively at leisure, and would be glad to see me at luncheon. (The Viceroy has recently given instructions to the various Government Departments at Nanking to adopt one day in seven, corresponding to the European Sunday, as a day of rest, as far as possible, from official business and official interviews.)\n\nI accordingly visited his Excellency yesterday, and inquired about the telegram from the Wai-wu Pu, urging him to lose no further time in carrying out the undertaking of the Central Government.\n\nThe Viceroy informed me that he had duly received the Wai-wu Pu's telegram, and admitted that it had urged him to send deputies to discuss the question of compensation and not the origin of the riots. He had already replied by telegraph to the Wai-wu Pu, and asked me to refer you to this reply, which would no doubt be communicated to you by the Ministers. From the way in which he reiterated the difficulties of his present position, with famine on one side and insurrection on the other, I gathered that his reply was not favourable.\n\nReferring to his assertions at previous interviews that the Wai-wu Pu had never admitted the principle of compensation, I went over the circumstances of the original proposal to send deputies, as set forth in Mr. Carnegie's note to Prince Ching of the 14th August last, to show the impossibility of this contention. The Viceroy had to acknowledge that the Wai-wu Pu must have admitted the principle to the Legation, but he stoutly maintained that neither his predecessor, Chou Fu, nor he himself had ever done so.\n\nI have, &c.\n(Signed) W. P. KER.\n\n## (Private and Confidential.) (Extract.)\n\n### Inclosure 2 in No. 1.\n\nConsul Ker to Sir J. Jordan.\n\nNanking, December 17, 1906.\n\nThe Viceroy was so very urgent that I should not tell you what he said privately to me yesterday that I have confined myself in my despatch to saying that I gathered that his reply to the Wai-wu Pu was not favourable, and I am anxious not to write anything that might tend to check his free speech in future. But his confidential remarks would be of no use to me if I could not pass them on to you, and I do so with all reservation.\n\nHe asked me if I personally thought the main object of the demand for compensation was to indemnify the sufferers or to make China lose face. I said I was sure no one desired to humiliate China, but it was right that the sufferers should be compensated, and if this involved some loss of face to Chinese officials that was not our fault. \"For,\" he went on, \"if it is only a question of indemnity and not of face, it can be done. The amount is small, and means can be found to pay it, provided the fact of payment is kept secret. But if the press gets hold of the idea that deputies are to be sent to Shanghae to discuss compensation, this will be the spark for a general conflagration, and there will be more riots and more claims.\" He gave me to understand that he would ask leave to resign his post rather than do as the Wai-wu Pu want him to do.\n\nI said if that was his attitude I had better report that he definitely refused to send the deputies, instead of keeping on with the story of his waiting a report from Shanghae and so forth. But he said, \"On no account do so; it would only make the settlement more difficult. Just wire to the Minister that you have pressed me very urgently to send the deputies, that you used very strong language in doing so, and that I only replied I had already given my views by telegraph to the Wai-wu Pu, who will no doubt communicate them to the Minister.\" He quite understands that I have no authority to discuss any suggestions, fantastic or otherwise, for a settlement, and I think it is possible he is biding his time to put forward to you through the Wai-wu Pu some counter-proposal on the above lines.\n\n### Inclosure 3 in No. 1.\n\n**Memorandum respecting the Shanghae Riots**\n\nSir John Jordan understands that the proposal of the Wai-wu Pu is that the following matters should be referred to the Judge of His Majesty's Supreme Court and the Taotai of Shanghae for their joint consideration and decision:\n\n| Matter | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| 1 | To determine the sums justly due to British subjects who suffered in person and property by the riots. |\n| 2 | The Judge and the Taotai shall jointly investigate the manner in which the Viceroy's instructions were carried out regarding the Kung Chung Yen Shuo Hui, and decide on necessary punishments for ringleaders not yet punished. |\n\nThe Viceroy's Proclamation stated that the strike circular was issued by the Kung Chung Yen Shuo Hui, and that he had instructed the Taotai to close up the Society and arrest and punish the offenders, as per Proclamations published in Shanghae on the 20th December, 1905, and the 10th January, 1906.",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "title": "CO129-343 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907",
        "content_text": "## The first intimation I had of the rising was on the 29th November...\n\nThe first intimation I had of the rising was on the 29th November, when it was reported to me that a small body of troops had been sent from Changsha to suppress some trouble on the borders of Hunan and Kiangsi, in the three districts of Lin-yang, Li-ling, and Ping-hsiang. No importance was, however, attached to the movement; in fact, it was stated that the ringleader had already been arrested and was to be beheaded. On the 6th December further rumours reached me; and on the following day I received a letter from the Foreign Bureau asking me, in view of the disturbed state of affairs in the Lin-yang and the Li-ling districts, to direct British subjects not to travel there for the present, and informing me that the German community at Ping-hsiang, as well as the foreign Manager of the Ping-hsiang-Chu-chou Railway, with his wife and family, who resided at Li-ling, were being brought down to Changsha until all danger was over. When they arrived in Changsha, on the 8th December, I inquired of Mr. Leinung, the chief mining engineer at Ping-hsiang, as to the state of affairs; but he informed me that everything was absolutely quiet, and that they had seen no trace of any rebels, but that they had come away in deference to the wishes of the Chinese authorities, and hoped to be able to return in a few days. He added that work was proceeding as usual at the collieries, and that neither the railway nor the telegraph lines had been interrupted.\n\n## On the 10th December fuller details about the rising came to hand.\n\nOn the 10th December fuller details about the rising came to hand. I was informed that the rebels, who called themselves the Ko-ming Chun, numbered several thousands; that they were well armed with rifles, and were distinguished by the white uniforms they wore. The number of troops at the front being insufficient, and the rebels gaining ground daily, I learnt that the Governor had dispatched an additional 1,000 men.\n\n## Refugees began to arrive from Liu-yang...\n\nOn the following day, the 11th December, refugees in large numbers began to arrive from Liu-yang, some 45 miles distant, who stated that the rebels had occupied that city and that all the inhabitants had fled. It was also said that the rebels, who displayed banners bearing the legend, \"Expel the dynasty and exterminate the foreigners!\" were about to march on Changsha. A state of something like panic began to prevail, and a large proportion of the population began to make hurried arrangements for flight. I lost no time in seeing the Japanese Consul, to consult with him as to the steps it might be advisable to take in the interests of the foreign community; and we paid a joint call on the Head of the Military Bureau, Taotai Yü Ming-i, to ascertain from him the true state of affairs. He informed us that, although the rebels had not yet occupied Liu-yang, they were encamped just opposite, on the other side of the river, but that the city itself was in the occupation of the troops, who were being reinforced with the utmost possible dispatch. He added that his chief apprehension was that the rebels might capture Liu-yang, after which they could march on Changsha without meeting with much opposition, or else that they might make a detour to avoid Liu-yang, and march on Changsha direct. He said, however, that he was dispatching a body of troops to occupy a strategical point on the road from Lin-yang to Changsha, whereby he hoped to check their advance; and that, in the meantime, other troops would be sent to Li-ling by rail, whence they would take the rebels in the rear, while the Kiangsi troops would co-operate on their side in the Ping-hsiang district. Yü Taotai went on to say that he himself was proceeding on the following day to Liu-yang, as the most convenient spot whence to direct the operations. The town, he said, was utterly deserted by the inhabitants, those who could afford to do so having escaped to Changsha, while the bulk of the population had fled to the hills, where they were at present in hiding.\n\n## The general plan of campaign...\n\nThe general plan of campaign seemed to be to surround the rebels on three sides, hemming them in ever closer, and thus preventing the rising from spreading to the adjoining districts. The dispositions were not ill-conceived, and had the Hunanese troops been reasonably efficient no anxiety need have been felt as to the result. Unfortunately, apart from their inadequate training and discipline, the troops, unless in overwhelming numbers, could not be prevailed upon to meet the rebels in open fight, and had already on several occasions thrown away their arms and fled; besides which there is no doubt that a considerable proportion of them were in sympathy with the rebels, and were themselves members of Secret Societies. Yü Taotai evidently considered that the need for the arrival of the Hupei troops was urgent, and was making preparations to act more or less on the defensive until they came.\n\n## In response to a question put by me...\n\nIn response to a question put by me, he said that about 3,000 local troops, drawn from the Chang-pei Chun and the Hsin-fang Tui, as well as three machine-guns, had already been drafted to the front; while a regiment of Hupei troops with six mountain guns had already arrived at Yochow, and would be dispatched with the least possible delay viâ Siangtan to Chu-chou, and thence by rail to Li-ling.\n\n## To a further question...\n\nTo a further question he replied that some of the rebels had rifles, but that the bulk of them were armed with shot-guns or with jingals, and that in some cases they made use of hollowed-out tree-trunks as cannon. In fact, he evidently considered that the critical nature of the situation arose less from the preparations of the rebels than from the unreliability and the inefficiency of his own troops.\n\n## As to the number of the rebels...\n\nAs to the number of the rebels he could give me no definite information, but stated that those encamped opposite Liu-yang might number some 3,000; while there was another large body of them at Li-ling, and a number scattered about all over the country.\n\n## On the following day...\n\nOn the following day the Japanese Consul and I addressed a joint note to the Governor, asking him what measures he proposed to take to insure the safety of the foreigners in Changsha and elsewhere in the event of any serious disturbance. The Governor replied in general terms, but sent the Customs Taotai to see me on the 14th December. After we had discussed the necessary precautions, the Taotai informed me that two battles, near the cities of Li-ling and Liu-yang respectively, had been fought on the 12th December, in both of which the rebels had been defeated with considerable loss and compelled to retreat, having been driven back from Liu-yang a distance of some 40 li. He considered that these successes, coupled with the arrival of the Hupei troops, had relieved the tension of the situation, and that there was no further need for serious apprehension. I mentioned that it was rumoured that the rebels numbered some 30,000 or more, against whom were opposed only 4,000 or 5,000 troops. He admitted that the number of the rebels was very large, but said that they were scattered all over the three districts of Liu-yang, Li-ling, and Ping-hsiang, and that since the two battles mentioned above there were no large bodies of them anywhere. He also stated that many were now giving themselves up, the number of surrenders at Li-ling at the present moment amounting to about 100 a-day.\n\n## Since that date and the arrival in Changsha...\n\nSince that date and the arrival in Changsha of the regiment of Hupei troops, nearly the whole of which was immediately sent to the front, the state of affairs has steadily improved. The rebels got disheartened as soon as the tide began to turn against them, and the defections from their ranks grew more numerous daily. They endeavoured to make these defections good by sending out parties in all directions to induce recruits to join their standard. These parties went as far afield as Siangtan and Pao-ching-fu, and one of them appeared in the immediate vicinity of Changsha. These isolated attempts were, however, suppressed by the authorities without much difficulty.\n\n## The rebels are now mostly in hiding...\n\nThe rebels are now mostly in hiding in the hills between the Liu-yang and the Ping-chiang districts, their last appearance in large numbers having been in the latter half of December, when they made an irruption into the Ping-chiang district, which at first caused some alarm, and in consequence of which the two British missionaries residing there came in to Changsha for safety. These rebels, however, were merely a disorderly rabble, forming part of the main body which had been defeated by the troops at Liu-yang, who had made their way through the hills into the adjoining district. While still giving the authorities there a considerable amount of trouble, they are gradually being driven back to the hills, and must eventually disappear altogether. At the worst there is a second regiment of Hupei troops stationed at Yochow, ready to lend assistance in case of need.\n\n## Since the middle of December...\n\nSince the middle of December the history of the rising has practically been a tale of rebels killed in fight or captured and beheaded. No quarter is given, and the authorities have set themselves the task of exterminating them altogether, as far as possible. The German engineers and the manager of the railway returned to Ping-hsiang and Li-ling respectively in the first days of January. During the whole time they had been away, neither the railway nor the telegraph line between Ping-hsiang and Chu-chou had ever been interrupted, nor had work at the Ping-hsiang collieries ceased even for a day.\n\n## As regards the future...\n\nAs regards the future, the rising, though quelled for the time being, has by no means been definitely stamped out, and there seems to be every probability of a recrudescence of the troubles at the first favourable opportunity. The officials fully realize this, and are still prosecuting with the utmost vigour their search for the rebels, on the heads of the most important of whom prices of 1,000 taels and 500 taels have been set. Most of the leaders of the movement have, however, already made...\n\nPage 645",
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        "content_text": "## AFFAIRS OF CHINA\n\n**CONFIDENTIAL**\n\n[14465]\n\nNo. 1.\n\nC.O. 18314\n\n[May Red\n\n## SECTION 3.\n\n24 MAY 07\n\nYour Excellency,\n\nInclosure 5 in No. 1.\n\n**Consul-General Mansfield to Viceroy Chou Fu.**\n\nJanuary 21, 1907.\n\nAt an interview on the 27th December I had the honour to discuss with you measures for the prevention of piracy on the inland waters. I urged that to secure an efficient patrol of the waterways a European officer chosen by the Inspector-General of the Imperial Maritime Customs should be placed in charge of each launch. Your Excellency stated that it was the province of Admiral Li to take effective steps in the direction required. I then asked if, supposing Admiral Li were willing to employ Europeans for the purpose above named, you would give your consent, and you answered that you would do so.\n\nI have just received a despatch from Admiral Li, in which he states that he has never heard of any Regulations under which the Imperial or Provincial Governments have employed foreign officers in the capacity of a patrol guard, and that therefore he is unable to promise what I asked. Now, during the Vice-Royalties of their Excellencies Jui-Lin and Chang Shao-tung, for many years foreign officers were employed on board their gun-boats \"Chenton,\" \"Suitsing,\" \"Anlan,\" \"Tienpo,\" and others, which were used for the suppression of piracy then rampant on the sea-board of Kwangtung, and these gun-boats succeeded in completely suppressing it.\n\nFor some years past there have been a certain number of launches and guard-boats for the patrol of the inland waterways, but these have proved themselves perfectly useless, and no impression whatever has been made on the constant succession of piracies.\n\nI would again strongly urge on your Excellency to follow the precedent given by their Excellencies Jui-Lin and Chang, and give the scheme I proposed a trial.\n\nThe crimes of robbery and smuggling are very near akin, and there could be no loss of dignity in employing servants of the Chinese Throne who have had experience in the suppression of one of such crimes in the suppression of the other. I take it that, as these robbers are practically all shore-dwellers, the most important duty will lie on the local officials—namely, that of rooting out the strongholds of the robbers ashore.\n\nI avail, &c.\n\n(Telegraphic.) P.\n\n## Inclosure 6 in No. 1.\n\n**Consul-General Mansfield to Sir J. Jordan.**\n\nCanton, February 18, 1907.\n\nPLEASE refer to my telegram No. 11.\n\nThe following despatch has been received by me from the Viceroy :-\n\n\"I have been informed by telegram from the Wai-wu Pu that Sir John Jordan has asked that the Imperial Maritime Customs may be given authority to supply the required funds for the acquisition of more launches to stamp out smuggling and to search passing travellers.\n\n\"This is quite feasible, but it should be clearly laid down what the functions and duty of the Customs authorities are in this matter.\n\n\"I will make it my business to devise a good scheme which I will lay before the Wai-wu Pu, requesting them to submit it to Sir Robert Hart, who will, after due consideration, direct the Canton Commissioner of Customs to communicate with you.”\n\n(No. 12.) Sir,\n\n**Consul-General Sir P. Warren to Sir Edward Grey.--(Received May 4.)**\n\nShanghae, March 25, 1907.\n\nIN continuation of my despatch No. 10, of the 18th instant, on the subject of the murder by Chinese criminals of Police-constable Morrow, I have the honour to inclose herewith copy of a further despatch, No. 40, of this date, which I have addressed to His Majesty's Minister on the same subject, and copies of the inclosures therein.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed) **PELHAM WARREN.**\n\n(No. 40.) Sir,\n\n## Inclosure 1 in No. 1.\n\n**Consul-General Sir P. Warren to Sir J. Jordan.**\n\nShanghae, March 25, 1907.\n\nIN continuation of my despatch No. 29 of the 13th instant, I have the honour to inclose copies and translations of correspondence between the Taotai and myself, with reference to the murder of Police-constable Morrow and the neglect of the Shanghae District Magistrate to deal effectively with the criminals sent to him by the Mixed Court for trial.\n\nAs instructed by you in your telegram No. 22 of the 23rd instant, I am sending English versions of this correspondence, and translation of the Taotai's orders to the Shanghae District Magistrate, as published in the native press (from which the précis in the \"North China Daily News\" of the 15th instant was taken), direct to the Foreign Office, together with a copy of this present despatch and its other inclosure.\n\nI have now the honour to report that the criminal Hu Erh-lin, who in January last shot a municipal detective (Chinese), was executed here on the 21st instant by order of the Viceroy at Nanking, and that there seems to be a fair prospect that the other rowdies and armed robbers who have for some months been awaiting trial in the city will be summarily dealt with. If this is done, there is good reason to hope that a salutary check will be given to the lawless bands which at present infest the outskirts of the foreign Settlements.\n\nNone of the murderers of Police-constable Morrow have yet been arrested.\n\nI propose to reply to the Taotai's last despatch giving him particulars of a Resolution dealing with the sale of fire-arms, which was passed at the ratepayers' meeting on the 20th instant. I inclose copy for your information.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed) **PELHAM WARREN.**\n\n## Inclosure 2 in No. 1.\n\n**Consul-General Sir P. Warren to Taotai at Shanghae.**\n\nShanghae, March 11, 1907.\n\nI HAVE the honour to inform you that at 2 o'clock this morning ten or more armed robbers attacked a shop in Elgin Road, within the Settlement, and shot at Police-constable (72) Morrow, a British subject, who went to effect their arrest. They...",
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        "title": "CO129-344 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907",
        "content_text": "## 6 is to use taxation as a prohibitory measure. If the price were to be doubled suddenly it would not be the loss of market that would be feared, but encroachments upon the market by the clandestine sale of prepared drug. Formerly at Hsuchou and Haichou, in Kiangpei, there were many who clandestinely sold prepared opium. If in one day the price of opium were suddenly doubled the profit to be made would be immense, and licensed opium would be driven out of the market by illicit sale, and this would, it is to be feared, militate against the suppression of opium smoking.\n\nYour new scheme of increasing the price by one-tenth per annum is quite consistent with the idea of the suppression of opium by degrees, and it is the duty of the Anti-Opium Bureau to check sales and collect the tax. An amount of the resulting income to be determined on should be handed over in lieu of the original tax on prepared opium, and the rest should be utilized for the expenses of the anti-opium movement.\n\nAs to the expedient regarding the opium shops, this is a measure in consideration of the poor; and of the prepared opium shops, few are to be found which do not provide facilities for smoking on the premises, or which confine their business to the sale of prepared opium. These are to be licensed as retail dealers in prepared opium. The names and addresses of the proprietors of the shops are first to be collected, and these must be made to give a bond not to allow smoking on the premises, and must obtain reciprocal security from others of the same trade. When licensed and registered on the official list they are to be allowed to carry on business. From that time forward shops may be closed, but no new shops opened, and fraudulent assumption of names and transfer of ownership, and other frauds of this character, will be strictly dealt with.\n\nThe original scheme as now amended by you is hereby indorsed as approved, and should be put into operation.\n\nThe various measures which have been submitted to me, with my revisions, should be embodied in the form of a Circular Report, and sent to all the higher authorities.\n\n\"Hsin Wen Pao\" of the 5th April:\n\nChu Taotai, head of the Li-kin farm at Soochow, and the officials of the head Li-kin Office at Shanghae, after discussion some days ago, requested the Governor to authorize a Regulation that private individuals purchasing raw opium should pay an increase of the price of 30 cash per ounce. The Governor decided yesterday that as the newly-established bureau for the control and taxation of prepared opium had instituted the measure of raising the price, the old practice of collecting opium duty by \"farming\" should be abolished, and he instructed his subordinates accordingly.\n\n## 3. Attitude of Officials and Movement in the Official Circles\n\n\"Shen Pao,\" of the 15th May:\n\nThe anti-opium movement is being actively carried out at Soochow, but at Nanking there is no sign of activity. This is said to be due to the tastes of his Excellency (probably the Provincial Treasurer). It is impossible to expect instant obedience to the orders against smoking. We hear that the Viceroy has decided upon a new Regulation, that, whether substantive or expectant, all officials shall be guaranteed by two others, and should any subterfuge be discovered all three will have to resign. In this wise every one will have to look after his own position, and there cannot be any secret aiding and abetting from motives of friendship.\n\n\"Chung Wai Jih Pao,\" of the 17th March:\n\nThe expectant officials in Soochow city are being carefully watched for opium smoking and have already given bonds, details regarding which have been embodied in a report to the Governor. It is now said that, as Governor Ch'en finds that as the bonds detailed in the report are mainly those of officials stationed in Soochow, and that as there are many detailed on special service who have been omitted, he has given orders that Lu Taotai and others, who are in charge of the investigation, shall make a fresh report, and should there be any officials who have been omitted from the previous one, they must be included forthwith and made to give a definite undertaking to be handed in within a given date. No delay or evasion can be permitted. This must not be disregarded.\n\n\"Shen Pao,\" of the 4th April:\n\nYang, Commandant of the Soochow Active Regulars, discovered that his second local regiment is full of opium smokers, and that the artillery is in a worse state, so gave orders to the officers of his regiment that they were to enforce the cessation of opium smoking among the men within a fortnight. At the expiration of this time the troops must be paraded at head-quarters for inspection by the Commandant. Should any of them try to conceal the fact that they are addicted to the habit, they will be at once struck off the list. The officers have communicated this to the men, and have ordered them to obey.\n\nThe \"Shih Pao,\" of the 8th April, says:\n\nGives an item of news which has excited interest among the Chinese in Shanghae, and although it cannot be said to pertain to the district under notice, yet it may be of sufficient significance as to warrant its inclusion in this Report. The \"Shih Pao\" Chekiang officials are being carefully watched for opium smoking. A register of the opium smoking officials has been drawn up, and a report been made concerning them, and six months has been the time limit laid down for their cessation of opium smoking. No pretexts will be admitted or concealment allowed, and any who break the rule will be impeached. Clerks in yamêns must also observe this time limit. Hsin, Provincial Treasurer, has discovered that the keeper of the Provincial Treasures, Pi Ting, is an opium smoker, and although he had promised to give up smoking, he was ordered to leave his post and to wait till he had got over his craving, which fact was to be certified by a foreign doctor; he will then be allowed to return. His duties will be attended to by Chin Pin San, Secretary of Records, in addition to his own. The Treasurer hopes that all officials will take heed of this example made of an officer of his own yamên. Officials, whether substantive or deputies, who have the opium habit, will all be granted furlough to cure themselves. The Treasurer is actively carrying out the idea of the prohibitory edict.\n\n\"Hsin Wen Pao,\" of the 17th April:\n\nThe Governor considered that Lu, Proctor of the Bureau for Control and Taxation of Prepared Opium, was not discharging his duties satisfactorily and cashiered him, appointing Teng, a Prefect, to replace him. The latter assumed his duties on the 15th April.\n\nLiu Kuo Shun, Superintendent of the Central Anti-Opium Bureau, finds many difficulties in the way of the proper discharge of his duties, and on the 15th April went to tender his resignation to the Governor. His resignation was not accepted. (He is said to be indignant at the cashiering of Proctor Lu.)\n\n## 4. New Bureaux, &c.\n\n(a.) Bureau for Control and Taxation of Prepared Opium.\n\n(b.) Prohibition Anti-Opium Bureau.\n\n(c.) Bureau for the Surveillance of Opium Smokers. (See also above.)\n\nThere would seem to be little difference in the methods or personnel of the three Bureaux—in fact, the names may probably be correctly regarded as synonymous.\n\n\"Chung Wai Jih Pao,\" of the 17th March:\n\nIt has been reported to the Governor that the Bureau for the Surveillance of Opium Smoking is now in operation.\n\nNow that the Bureau for the Surveillance of Opium Smoking is established, Liu Tuotai, who is in charge, is anxious to secure the co-operation of the Anti-Opium Society of the gentry, to enable a strict control to be kept over the opium dealers. He has been in treaty with this Society for some time without attaining any definite conclusion, and much time has been wasted, and active operations have been commenced. We hear that Liu Taotai has had repeated instructions from the Governor pressing for action. Satisfactory arrangements have now been made, and the Bureau commenced operations some days ago.\n\nPage 509",
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        "page_number": 391,
        "title": "CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907",
        "content_text": "# Inclosure 4 in No. 1.\n\n## Whangpu Conservancy Board to M. Siffert.\n\nOffice of the Whangpu Conservancy Board, Shanghae, July 31, 1907.\n\nSir,\n\n**IN** accordance with the stipulations of Article 4 of the Agreement, signed in Peking on the 27th September, 1905, regarding the establishment of a Board, and with reference to our Report of the 20th April and previous Reports on this subject, we have now the honour to write as follows for the information of the Consular Body regarding conservancy matters for the period 1st April to the 30th June, 1907 :--\n\n2. **Appointments, &c., to Conservancy Staff.**—(a.) Foreign Staff-Mr. E. A. Smith (British) was appointed storekeeper from the 1st May, 1907; M. G. Frederickson (Swede), overseer from the 1st June; also M. G. Kipke (German).\n\n(b.) Native Staff-Mr. Kuang Han Kuang was appointed to the Pay Department from the 1st April; Mr. Shao Wei Tang, head tracer, resigned from the 15th June on account of ill-health; Mr. Y. T. Fon, survey clerk, from similar reasons, was replaced by Mr. K. S. Pai. There were a few other unimportant changes.\n\n3. **Land purchased at Gough Island.**-Fifteen title-deeds, representing mow 607.0.7.9 of land purchased at either end of Gough Island for 18,212:37 Shanghae taels, were sent by the Taotai to the Conservancy Office and deposited in the Secretary's safe.\n\n4. **Tenders for Large Works.**-On the strong recommendation of the Engineer-in-chief, M. de Rijke, it was decided to accept the tenders of the Dutch firm, Messrs. Ten Bokkel Hainink, Korthals Altes, van Thiel de Vries and Co., for the construction of the large training jetty at Woosung, to cost about 2,000,000 Shanghae taels, and for dredging purposes to expend a similar amount.\n\n5. **Work accomplished, &c.**—The following details are from M. de Rijke's Report to the Conservancy Board for the June quarter:---\n\n(a) Shore defence above Telegraph Creek.-Though gabbioni dumping preventing undermining by currents, the high water bank fell away in places on account of the wash of steamers. In order to prevent this, ballast stone was thrown, so as to form moles above low water. This stone can be recovered and used elsewhere when the route of the shipping is directed to junk channel.\n\n(b) Shore defence at Bar Mark-Here the under shore has been fortified by dumping 164 gabbioni in tiers over a shore length of 300 feet; 20 of these gabbioni in the lowest tiers are 30 feet long instead of the usual 24 feet. The slope above low water has been dressed with brush-wood and stone. Although the receding of the Pootang shore is much less than last year, it is found that more defence works will be necessary before the stream along ship channel can be sufficiently restrained.\n\n(c) Shore defence lower end of Gough Island. During April, for a length of 150 feet, the shore had to be dressed with brush-wood and stone to stop caving caused by wave action.\n\n(d) Shoals below Gough Island.-Dumping the gabbioni, which form the edges of the parallel dams, and of the six cribs on junk channel side, was completed by the end of April.\n\n(e) Sink Work. The sinking and placing of the bottom layer of brush-wood (\"zinkstuks\") in the long parallel dam was commenced on the 19th April, and had since continued uninterruptedly. By the end of June, 17,830 square yards of \"zinkstuks\" had been sunk, covering a length of 1,150 yards from the island to about 210 yards from the end of the dam. The breadth of the bottom layer is 45 feet, the usual measurements of the \"zinkstuks\" 120 by 45 feet. It is very satisfactory to note that a large part of the brush-wood has already silted up and become indestructible.\n\n(f) Crib Work on the South Side of Junk Channel.-The large training work below \"Duke End\" consists of three cribs, connected with a parallel dam, and having an aggregate length of nearly 1 mile. Dumping gabbionis for the bottom layer of this was commenced early in May with three pontoons, and completed in June. In order to check the currents in this (the wrong) direction, which are still tending to increase, dumping gabbionis on the top of the bottom layer has been vigorously continued. The proper and economical method of raising the crib works would be with layers of \"zinkstuks\" along the gabbioni, but this is impossible till the twelve sinkworkers engaged in Holland arrive. They are due in August. For the two double cribs at and below \"salient,\" gabbioni dumping commenced early in June; the bottom layers are nearly completed.\n\n(g) Gough Island Dyke and Store Places.-The new dyke from one end of the island to the other is now complete to its full height of 17 feet above low water. At the upper end of the island, inside the new dyke, a space of ground, occupying an area of about 15 mow, has been raised from 8 ft. 5 in. to 15 feet above low water for storing materials. The large bamboo shed and materials in store near Telegraph Creek have been brought here and new supplies of brush-wood landed. At the lower end of the island a much smaller space has been raised for similar purposes. Great difficulty is experienced in the Gough Island reach in landing and storing materials on account of the shoals, and because the land lying so low is flooded by high tides. No materials that float can be stored on the Pootung side of the island till the land is raised. Four culverts were built underneath the dyke in order not to interfere with the drainage of the cultivated land on Gough Island.\n\n6. **Houses, &c.**-The dwelling-house and office near the Woosung forts will probably be ready by the end of July. The Messageries Maritimes Company having granted us permission to build on their property near Woosung Station, as well as giving us a new lease for five years on very liberal terms, estimates have been made, and a contract drawn up for building a large house for the staff on this side.\n\nIn this connection it may be mentioned that the Shanghae-Nanking Railway Directors have kindly consented to establish a flag station at this junction instead of the present station, which is, we understand, to be done away with.\n\n7. **Plant.**-Two more pontoons have been built and fitted for dumping gabbionis, so that we have now five pontoons regularly at work. Two launches, the \"Chun Pao\" and a hired one, are daily in use transporting materials and coolies and towing \"zinkstuks\" to where they are sunk. The small launch \"Lee Chi\" is steadily at survey work. Eight hired cargo boats were at work in April, twelve in May, and sixteen in June, besides sampans.\n\n8. **Survey Work.** A new survey of junk channel, lately commenced, will soon be ready and mapped out, but from the soundings it is clear that the stream along junk channel, especially during the flood, has increased, but not in the desired direction between the normal lines, where, on the contrary, more silting is perceptible. As no dredgers are yet available, all that can be done to remedy this is to dump gabbioni in the dyke end crib work, where, as noted above, three pontoons are daily at this work.\n\nMr. Muller's quarterly survey report states the survey of the river has been completed from the arsenal to 3,400 feet above Lung Hua Pagoda Creek, a distance of 2 miles. The shore line from Pheasant Point to Fisherman's Cross remeasured and sounding lines run 400 feet apart from Pheasant Point to Kajow Creek.\n\nThe zeros of all tide gauges (15) have been fixed to permanent marks on shore. Two lots of land outside Woosung Lighthouse and two between signal station and limit beacon have been remeasured. The normal line has been marked outside the Mitsui Bussan Kaisha property below Yangking Creek. The Ocean Steam-ship Company and China Navigation Company properties above Yangking Creek were measured to ascertain the area of reclaimed land to be gained by building out to 50 feet inside the normal line.\n\nThe land between the native waterworks and French waterworks was measured and levelled.\n\nTwo sounding lines were run three times between the cribs outside the dyke end station (junk channel) to learn the effect laying gabbioni has had. A survey of the land between Woosung Lighthouse and Woosung Fort was completed and plotted. The large scale (1:500) maps of the whole survey-Woosung outer bar to above Lang Hua Pagoda Creek, a distance of 19 miles--have been reduced to a scale of 1:16,000, and can now be printed.\n\n9. **Detail of Works.**-Workmen employed during the quarter-coolies, boatmen, watchmen, fascine workers, &c.--represented :-\n\n| Month | Days' Wages |\n| --- | --- |\n| April | 4,997 |\n| May | 5,476 |\n| June | 7,217 |\n| Total | 17,690 |",
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        "title": "CO129-345 - Public Offices & Foreign Office - 1907",
        "content_text": "# \nof the officers of the Grand Council says that important changes are impending, the situation is growing increasingly delicate, and the Ministers are full of anxiety.\n\nThe above extracts, I should add, are merely newspaper reports, but they are worthy of reproduction as a reflection of the popular unrest.\n\n## Hangchow\n\nTowards the end of July a state of considerable disquiet prevailed in this Consular district, especially at Kinhua, where, however, the local authorities appear to have acted with considerable promptitude, and to have prevented any serious outbreak by capturing and beheading a number of alleged ringleaders at an early stage. Troops were sent from Hangchow to Kinhua, but the Governor, finding that matters there were assuming a less serious aspect, diverted them, while en route, to Shaoshing, where their presence was required to repress any trouble that might arise from the arrest of the family of the assassin of the late Governor of Anhui. Officials at Hangchow assert that everything is quiet in the Kinhua district, and a lady missionary says that the prompt action taken by the officials has certainly had the desired effect of outwardly suppressing the rebels. The ringleaders of the troubles appear to be educated people and to be connected with other Societies. A Magistrate states that one of the men captured was a member of the Triad Society, and had documents of an anti-dynastic nature on his person, and this is confirmed by the number of placards posted about saying that the Societies are going to put down the present dynasty.\n\n## Chekiang Provincial Railway\n\nThe track of the first section of this line has been completed, and trains have been running daily since the 25th July. These at present only carry merchandise, which, so far, seems to have been practically confined to the Company's railway materials. Passengers are not yet carried owing to the non-arrival of the necessary cars. These are expected during September, when it is proposed to open the line to passenger traffic. An inauguration ceremony is then to be held.\n\n## Hangchow\n\nReporting early in August, His Majesty's Acting Consul states that, according to missionaries in touch with Kinhua district, matters there are settling down owing to the activity of the officials in pursuing the so-called rebels, of whom they seem to have beheaded a very large number.\n\nThe Governor is said to have resigned his post on account of the popular feeling against him over the Shaoshing affair. The Prefect of that place is still vigorously searching the schools there in order to find incriminating documents which will justify his summary execution of Madame Chiu Chin; the manner in which he is doing it is giving great offence. The suggestion against Madame Chiu Chin is that she was the ringleader in an anti-dynastic conspiracy; that she had partisans in the Tatong school; that she was in league with rioters at Kinhua and elsewhere, with whom she had arranged for a rising to take place in Shaoshing. The fact that the Tatung school was founded by Hsu Hsi-lin lent colour to the suspicion that Madame Chin was in league with the assassin.\n\n## Shanghae\n\nThe assassination of the Governor of Anhui and the circumstances attending the subsequent execution of the assassin have aroused a great deal of comment in the Shanghae native papers. One of them in a leading article points out how sedition and particularly anti-Manchu sentiment might be disposed of; the means suggested being the introduction of a Constitution and the grant of equal opportunities of official advancement and influence for Chinese and Manchus alike.\n\nThe news of the execution of the woman teacher Chiu Chin in Chekiang provoked an outburst of protest in the native press against the officials and gentry of that province. One article, entitled \"**Barbarous Execution**\", enlarged upon the illegality of the proceedings, which, it said, were irregular, in that no proper charge was formulated. It remarked upon the entire ignorance which prevailed upon the nature of the case against her. The article concludes as follows: \"I do not write this in support of secret societies, or specially to cry out against the injustice to Chiu Chin, but to point out \nthat the implication of so many in the crime of Hsu Hsi-lin and the execution without proper conviction of a helpless woman will create a general feeling of insecurity, and drive people to desperate undertakings in increasing numbers, and to expression of their feelings in deeds of violence difficult to guard against, and this will be attributable to the severity of the Viceroy and Governor and the weakness of the gentry of Chekiang, who, by this death of Chiu Chin, have together with the officials become utterly discredited.\"\n\nThis is typical of the productions of a large section of the native press, a section which must have a considerable influence upon opinion among the news-reading classes. Political subjects of this kind are treated unreservedly, sometimes illustrated by caricatures in which obnoxious officials and other persons, and sometimes the Central Government, are held up to ridicule.\n\n## Pakhoi\n\nHis Majesty's Acting Consul reported on the 19th July that, in spite of the unusual accumulation of Government troops in various centres, the state of the country cannot be described as satisfactory, and that there seems to exist everywhere in the district an electric feeling of dissatisfaction and expectation. Local robberies have been more prevalent than ever before. There is little doubt that exorbitant taxation and disregard of the feelings of the people were the immediate cause of the Sanna disturbances.\n\n## Nanking\n\nThe news of the assassination of the Manchu Governor of Anhui produced a profound impression on the Viceroy Tuan Fang, who was afraid that the next attempt of this kind would be upon his own life. The Viceroy does not move about so freely as he used to, and is constantly accompanied by a special bodyguard, who are said to follow him closely, even within the precincts of his yamên. There is increased activity in the police force, a special force of detectives having been organized with orders to arrest suspicious characters found in tea-houses and such resorts. A similar force has also been organized from among the military gendarmerie to watch for and check any signs of disaffection among the troops. Extra police protection is given to the arsenal, powder factory, and powder magazines, in addition to that afforded by the usual military sentries. All these may be natural and proper precautions, but stories are current implying that the Viceroy is panic-stricken.\n\n## Character of Tuan\n\nThere is a widespread belief that his Excellency has not the resolution and strength of character required for his high position. However, it is only fair to quote at the same time the opinion recently expressed by the Treasurer of the Shanghae Famine Relief Committee, namely, that the business of relief could not have been effected without the intelligent co-operation of the present Viceroy, and that if his predecessor Chou Fu had been in office the efforts of the Committee would probably have been frustrated.\n\nPage 335",
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        "document_key": "CO129-351 - Public Offices - 1908",
        "page_number": 171,
        "title": "CO129-351 - Public Offices - 1908",
        "content_text": "6\n\na suspicious manner or any one wanted could often be got, or his movements and doings kept under closest observation.\n\nBeing himself in Chinese military service and known to many of the yamên people, the informant's presence here and contact with foreigners would cause him to run a great chance of being noticed.\n\nThe most curious statement, however, was that even more to be feared than native spies were the Japanese, who, the agent states, come in considerable numbers to Hong Kong, and there assume many rôles and disguises. That being in intimate touch with the people, and besides their own observation employing many Chinese for purposes of general espionage, they would probably have their suspicions aroused, and would be likely to give information to the officials.\n\nThe man stated that the Japanese who assume disguises generally profess to be natives of northern provinces, as it would be very difficult for them to pass as Cantonese, their command of that dialect not being so perfect as is their grasp of \"Mandarin.\" Several, he says, are located in more remote villages here, whence they carry on their work of what he called \"measuring the land,\" by which I took him to mean made surveys.\n\nAll this is given for what it is worth, and it must be remembered that the Chinese have an intense fear of Japanese actions and intentions, thus giving full rein to their imagination and characteristic invention. Again, this man comes from Fukien, where he is serving, and there, undoubtedly, is accustomed to see very great numbers of Japanese coming and going, making surveys, and generally exercising the functions of what is probably the most perfect and well-organized secret service in the world. Here, as at Foochow, it seems futile to attempt to prove to the Chinese that the Japanese, like ourselves, are pledged to preserve the integrity of China, and least of all would be likely to do anything hostile to or in British territory. When a Chinese believes a thing he does not hesitate to manufacture circumstances, or assert as facts what often is only the lively effects of a preconceived line of thought. All this may have given rise to the state of fear or suspicion that appears to actuate my informant and many other natives with whom I have come in contact; but the condition and reports emanating from it are possibly sufficiently interesting, and so may be thought to justify my mentioning same as an item of information not out of place in a general intelligence Memorandum such as this purports to be.\n\nW. WYKEHAM MYERS.\n\nDecember 1907.\n\n(Confidential.)\n\nSir,\n\n(Signed)\n\nInclosure 4 in No. 1.\n\nLieutenant-Commander Vaughan to Admiral Sir A. Moore.\n\n\"Moorhen,\" at Samshui, January 1, 1908.\n\nIN accordance with your Confidential Memorandum of 6th December, I have the honour to make the following Report, as a month to all intents and purposes has elapsed since the establishment of the augmented patrol.\n\nIt is my opinion that the Viceroy did not for one moment believe that you were going to place any additional vessels on the river and when the patrol was established, it is also my belief that he did not accept as true your statement that the vessels were sent up solely on patrol duties, but gained the impression probably that the British contemplated the annexation of the two Kwang Provinces.\n\n7\n\nThe Viceroy has, I expect by now, learnt one of the lessons of his life, and must feel rather at sea after coming into contact with an officer who speaks the truth, and uses none of the methods adopted by the ordinary Mandarin of China in their diplomatic dealings, where the truth is handled craftily, and a broken promise is a matter of every-day life.\n\nSo nervous was the Viceroy on the arrival of our vessels that for the first fortnight our ships were shadowed everywhere, and whenever one came into contact with any officials they were ill at ease in their demeanour, but withal inquisitive, and I have before reported on the offers to protect me.\n\nOn the arrival of Admiral Li Chun about the middle of the month he did much to assure the Viceroy that our pressure did not indicate territorial acquisition, and he has from the very start endeavoured to show things in their true light.\n\nHe has been from Canton to Wuchau with six gun-boats and a motor-boat, and returned to Canton yesterday, and this cruise has been attended with great activity in military circles, and with much of the banging of gongs and firing of guns so dear to the heart of a Chinaman.\n\nThe guard-boats are being replaced rapidly and under revised conditions; they are frequently to be seen on the move, and the old order is altered. Previously a guard-boat having been appointed to a certain station, proceeded there and picked out the snuggest spot to lie in. They then fenced in some land close to their boat, cultivated it with cabbages, and comfortably settled down to enjoy life.\n\nThe attention of the Chinese seems to be principally occupied in increasing the patrol from Wuchau to Chu Tau San, as was outlined in the Viceroy's scheme, and they have not done much in the creeks. I cannot understand why they attach so much importance to this stretch of main waterway, 160 miles in length.\n\nIt looks rather as if the Chinese considered that the main trade route claimed all attention for the protecting of steamers, and that out-of-the-way launch routes were of small account.\n\nThe small gun-boats are continually on the move, and, what with our own vessels incessantly patrolling, trade in the West River is enjoying a sense of security that it has whether or not never felt before since the opening of the river to foreign commerce.\n\nThe Chinese will continue their praiseworthy activity when our vessels are removed it is difficult to forecast, but the reform under the energetic Admiral Li Chun is organized on such thoroughly different lines to the old methods that one has every reason to hope that it will not turn out to be pro tem, only.\n\nThe Chinese are taking to themselves credit for the fact that no piracy has occurred since the 10th November, but this is not due entirely to Chinese activity, and as long as our patrol is continued in its present strength the highway robbery will certainly be kept in check; to wipe it out perpetually is not to be expected.\n\nThe Chinese press have, of course, done a lot of harm with their inflammatory articles conveying false impressions. That, however, was to be expected, and no one imagined that we could put a strong patrol on the river without some one being inconvenienced and many being annoyed.\n\nChina is not the only country that suffers from an antagonistic and bombastic press; we had some experience of this in our South African war and in India.\n\nThe bad feeling, if it really deeply exists, is entirely against torpedo-boats, and the regular river gun-boats seem to escape any animosity that one would expect to be shown against all foreign vessels for the sake of four.\n\nI cannot notice any difference in the demeanour of the natives, but, as I say, no one objects to our three regular gun-boats.\n\nOne heard a lot of British launches hauling down the British flag and flying the yellow dragon, but during the month only three have been struck off the British list, viz., the \"Chin Hung,\" \"Kai Lee,\" and \"Lee Yik\" (the two former are owned by Tavares, a Parsee, the other by Mr. Fisher), and four building are shortly to be added to the list.\n\nA Chinaman is no patriot where his purse is concerned, and the benefits that are gained by British registration are too good to be thrown away for a matter of national sentiment. It is even worth while enduring the unpleasantness of continual scrutiny by British men-of-war.\n\nWhilst so much protest is in the air it is pleasing to know that some of the merchants have a good word to say for us, and I have been told that they welcome a strict British patrol, as China without coercion will watch peaceful traders being robbed day by day without taking any preventive action, and they hope that now the Government are at last waking up to their responsibilities.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed)\n\nROBERT E. VAUGHAN,\n\nLieutenant and Commander, Senior Officer, West River.\n\nInclosure 5 in No. 1.\n\nAgreement signed at Canton, January 4, 1908, by Consul-General Mansfield and Two of the Viceroy's Secretaries.\n\nIT is hereby agreed that his Excellency the Viceroy of the two Kwang will pay to His Britannic Majesty's Consul-General the sums of 6,000l. and 17,790 taels, being the sum allowed as compensation to the sufferers by the piracy of the British steam-ship \"Sainam\" on the 13th July, 1906.\n\n168",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-351 - Public Offices - 1908",
        "page_number": 184,
        "title": "CO129-351 - Public Offices - 1908",
        "content_text": "The former Tantai Ts'ai, recognizing this, called upon the Chamber of Commerce in the 6th moon of this year to invite its members to take up shares, to draw up Regulations for the taking over of the opium and to themselves sell it. This was called the \"Boiled Opium Government Bureau, managed by the Newchwang Merchants.\" This arrangement was duly sanctioned by the Governor-General and Governor, and permission to open was given. In my opinion, the meaning of the words \"Newchwang Merchants\" contained in the name adopted clearly demonstrates that it is not a Government concern. The presence of the character \"official\" in the name is explained by the fact that an official is deputed to inquire into the figures of the boiled opium sold. Any loss or gain falls upon the merchants, and has nothing to do with the Government. This arrangement is very different from the Government Bureau for the sale of boiled opium established at Nanking, in which latter the capital is contributed, and the opium sold by the Government. These two establishments cannot thus be compared. Moreover, the words \"managed by the merchants\" mean that the local merchants have subscribed to shares and have taken over the management, a proceeding which is quite clear.\n\nThe sale of boiled opium is now effected in two places in the same way as it was formerly done in the eighteen shops. If you object to the words \"sole sale,\" the eighteen shops did the same, and I have never before heard this objected to, and only to-day is there mention of the words being contrary to Treaty.\n\nSince the inauguration of the Bureau, the sale of foreign opium has not been restricted in favour of the native drug. Granted, then, that the quantity sold is less than formerly, this is explained by the fact that more Chinese give up smoking opium, and of course buy less of the drug. This, however, has nothing to do with the Bureau.\n\nAfter you called to discuss the question with me the other day, I instructed the Bureau to report upon the matter, as already mentioned to you. On receipt of your despatch, I again weighed the matter.\n\nThe reason the former Taotai, Ts'ai, proposed the establishment of the Bureau for the sale of boiled opium by the merchants was to bring together for better control the scattered localities of sale. This does not resemble a trade monopoly, nor does it interfere with the sale of foreign opium. I cannot therefore suddenly order the closure of the Bureau, to the detriment of the scheme of opium restriction.\n\nShould you, however, fear that there will be no market for imported foreign opium, you could take the average of the imports of the last three years and calculate figures, annually decreased, which quantity the Opium Bureau could yearly take over for sale. Then if there is a monopoly or not, it would not affect the foreign opium sales. This would be an exceptional arrangement which would be very equitable. However we arrive at this end, it will redound to the advantage of both sides.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nIn submitting this answer, I hope soon to be honoured with a favourable reply.\n\n(Seal of Taotai.)\n\nPage 181\n\nInclosure 4 in No. 1.\n\nProclamation issued by the Feng-Chin-Shankuikwan (Newchwang) Taotai Ts'ai Shau-chi, August 22, 1907. (Translation.)\n\nWHEREAS the opium habit is a great evil in the lives of the people, and Edicts have repeatedly been promulgated ordering its strict prohibition so as to remove a chronic disease;\n\nAnd whereas the opium dens in Newchwang have already been closed, and as malpractices will be rampant if the sale of opium is not under control, and no real advance will be made in the endeavour to yearly decrease its consumption;\n\nAnd whereas I have received the sanction of the Governor-General and Governor for the establishment at Newchwang of a Government Opium Bureau, to be managed by the Chamber of Commerce; and as the Chamber have petitioned, in reply, their difficulty in doing so; to which I replied that the prohibition of opium was intended to remove an evil from the people, that the Chamber of Commerce had a public duty to fulfil which it should do to its utmost, and that the Chamber could not shirk its responsibilities, but must obey the commands received and devise Regulations and submit them for approval, and appoint a day for the inauguration of the Bureau, as well as get the opium shops to report their capital and present stock to be exchanged for shares, in which there should be no remissness; and should the shops not like to take up shares they must close up, and should there be illicit sale of opium the shop so doing shall be closed and the goods confiscated;\n\nAnd whereas every province is about to establish Government Opium Bureaux, with the sincere object of stopping the evil root and branch by arranging that the number of smokers and the quantity of opium sold should decrease and not increase, so as to show real progress;\n\nAnd whereas the local Bureau will be opened in a few days, and the Chairman of the Chamber of Commerce, P'an Ta Ch'iu, and others have been instructed to manage the Bureau;\n\nAnd whereas, as ignorant persons may perversely create obstructions, the District Magistrate, the Police Department, and the military authorities have all been ordered to see to the carrying out of these instructions:\n\nNow this Proclamation is hereby issued to inform you opium merchants that the Chamber of Commerce will now take over control of boiled opium under Government supervision and with the sanction of the Governor-General and Governor, and that the scheme will have to be carried out. You are, however, hereby authorized to exchange your capital and present stock of opium for shares in the Bureau, so that you shall suffer no loss. This is showing unusual benevolence to you, and if you should have no self-respect and intend to seek evasion you shall be severely punished. I therefore trust you will obey the above injunctions and not again show remissness and cause obstruction, and thus lay yourselves open to punishment, as there will be no mercy shown.\n\nYou must tremblingly obey and not evade this important Proclamation.\n\nInclosure 5 in No. 1.\n\nOpium Regulations.\n\nTHE Newchwang Chamber of Commerce herewith humbly submits for sanction the following carefully considered experimental Regulations for the establishment of a Government Opium Bureau for the special sale of boiled opium, to be managed by this Chamber in accordance with instructions received, namely:-\n\n1. The Bureau requests the Taotai to daily send a deputy to the Bureau to check the purchase of raw opium and the sale of boiled opium; to examine the illicit opium; to issue the licences, so as to avoid malpractices; and to report on the management of the Bureau.\n\n2. The Bureau is to be authorized to depute four persons to search out illicit opium and unlicensed smokers, so as to stop secret sales and advance the object of the prohibition.\n\n3. The fee for each licence shall, for the time being, amount to 30 cents, of which 20 cents go to the Government and 10 cents to the Bureau, so as to be equitable.\n\n4. Although the original Regulations call on the Taotai's guard, the soldiers, and the police to apprehend illicit sellers of raw or boiled opium as well as unlicensed smokers, yet the runners of the District Magistrate should also be instructed to do the same, so as to stop evasion.\n\n5. Of the seized raw or boiled opium, one-fourth of the value is to go to the Government, one-fourth to the Bureau, and one-half to the apprehending policeman, so as to encourage searches.\n\n6-(a.) The raw opium is purchased or kept by the eighteen licensed shops, and has already been taken over at a full and equitable valuation.\n\n(b.) Should other towns or people in the interior desire to purchase raw opium from the Bureau to take out of the port, they shall receive a permit from the Bureau.\n\n(c) All visitors at the port who have opium shall have it checked by an official.\n\n(d) All opium which arrives after this, and which has not been bought by the Bureau, shall, if sold to the interior or to another port, receive a permit from the Bureau as proof of due examination and so as to enable it to be transported.\n\n7. All licensed smokers shall daily purchase their allowance of opium at the Bureau. Those living at some distance from the Bureau are requested to buy their total allowance every ten days in accordance with the figures on their licences.\n\n8. The Newchwang merchants have been instructed by the Government to jointly manage the Government Opium Bureau, but there will be difficulties in the beginning. The raw and boiled opium in the former shops has been purchased for a large sum, owing to the large quantity on hand. In addition, the sales will be small and the stock...",
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        "id": 416193,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-351 - Public Offices - 1908",
        "page_number": 358,
        "title": "CO129-351 - Public Offices - 1908",
        "content_text": "353\n\n2\n\nestablishment of regular steam communication between Ichang and Chungking would thus once more be indefinitely postponed.\n\nWhile fully sympathizing with Captain Plant's point of view, I felt convinced that the Chinese, once they had made up their minds to carry the project through, would never consent to wait two years for its fulfilment, and I felt sure that if we refused our assistance they would apply elsewhere, to Japan or Germany most probably, for what they wanted.\n\nIt seemed to me of the utmost importance that this undertaking, small at present, but big with possibilities in the future, should be started under British auspices. I therefore called on Mr. Chou, explained to him Captain Plant's position, and suggested that, if he were disinclined to postpone operations as Captain Plant proposed, he should at once secure that gentleman's co-operation by offering him the post of Marine Superintendent of the Company as soon as his services became available, and in the meantime arrange with Messrs. Yarrow and Co. for the construction of the vessels. I said Captain Plant's employment on the French gun-boat was of an intermittent nature—he sometimes remained four months at a time in Chungking—and that the French authorities would doubtless be willing to lend him to the new Company when the time came for the first tug-boat to proceed up river; if they demurred, well, perhaps the Viceroy might use his influence in the matter.\n\nMr. Chou accepted the suggestion with alacrity, and said he would at once instruct the Company to draw up a contract with Captain Plant. The latter, agreeing to this arrangement, sent up his plans and specifications on the 28th November.\n\nThe tug-boat is to be built of galvanized steel, the hull divided into ten water-tight compartments. She will have twin screws working in raised tunnels, Yarrow's patent. Length over all, 100 feet; beam, 14 feet; draught with steam up and twenty-four hours' coal on board, 2 ft. 6 in. The engines will be triple expansion with water-tube boilers developing 400-H.P., giving a speed of 14 knots in smooth water; towing flat, with 60 tons dead weight against a 6-knot current; speed, 11 knots, i.e., 5 knots over the ground. She will be fitted with powerful steam capstan and steel hausers for hauling over rapids, and will have two steel derrick masts and improved towing gear. Price, complete, £5,750 approximately.\n\nThe flat will also be of steel, 100 feet in length, 16 feet beam; carrying capacity, 60 tons dead weight, 150 tons measurement. She will have accommodation for twelve saloon passengers and fifty-two in steerage. Cost, complete, £2,500 approximately.\n\nI made a rough Chinese translation of the specifications and, with the plans, sent them into the Viceroy. On the 14th December Mr. Chou called on me and said the Viceroy approved of the plans, and desired that I would at once forward them to Messrs. Yarrow and Co., asking them if they would undertake the order on certain conditions, a list of which Mr. Chou handed to me. If they agreed, he was anxious, in order to save time, to have a reply by wire; and if the reply was satisfactory, Mr. Chou, acting on behalf of the Company, would confirm the order by cable.\n\nI have the honour to inclose copy of my letter to Messrs Yarrow, together with a Memorandum by Captain Plant on steam navigation on the Upper Yang-tsze, which I have forwarded to the firm.\n\nThe only condition that seems likely to present any difficulty is that providing for the handing over of the vessels in Shanghai. It is a point to which the Chinese attach some importance—their experience with the deputies appointed to take over the machinery for the Chungking Mint and the new Chengtu Arsenal having been particularly unfortunate—and I am in hopes Messrs. Yarrow will see their way to obliging them in the matter.\n\nThe question of gun-boats is for the moment in abeyance, but I have reason to believe that the Chinese authorities will order one or more of these vessels if the tug-boat proves a success, and in that case we may hope with some confidence that the order will go to England.\n\nI sent duplicates of the plans received in reply to my application to Mr. H. H. Fox, British Acting Consul-General at Chengtu, who succeeded in interesting the Provincial Government to such purpose that a special officer was deputed to take a trip on one of His Majesty's gun-boats.\n\nIn the meantime, by circulating the plans among the merchants of this port, I had succeeded in bringing about the discussion of a scheme for establishing a system of tug-boats between Ichang and Chungking. On the arrival of the above-mentioned officer, therefore, matters were ripe for a successful issue. This is described in the inclosure herewith. It only remains now to secure the Viceroy's approval both for the tug-boat scheme and the purchase of gun-boats.\n\nChou Taotai, the above-mentioned officer, will, if the scheme is sanctioned, place the order for tugs with Messrs. Yarrow and Co. through Mr. S. C. Plant of this port, who should be authorized to act for the firm. The order for gun-boats will in all probability be placed with the same firm, the type approved being Yarrow's No. 531A, but with speed of 15 knots. His Majesty's ship \"Widgeon's\" recent successful navigation of the gorges at high water has largely conduced to the favourable attitude of the Chinese officials and merchants.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed)\n\nH. H. BRISTOW.\n\nInclosure 3 in No. 1.\n\nSteam Navigation on the Upper Yang-tsze.\n\nAT the Chungking Chamber of Commerce on the 24th October, 1907, Chou Taotai, appointed by the Viceroy of Szechuan to inquire into the practicability of a steam navigation on the Upper Yang-tsze, addressed the meeting as follows: He alluded to the wreck of the \"Suisiang\" above Ichang and the check thereby given to mercantile enterprise in this direction; but now that three British gun-boats, one French, and one German had passed up and down many times without accident, it was time that the matter was reconsidered. If strangers dared these dangers, should our own people be backward? Besides a French Company was seeking a Concession for establishing tugs on the Upper Yang-tsze. Should not the Szechuanese be first in the field and secure the profits for themselves? In order to assist them the Provincial Government was willing to advance a sum equal to that raised by shares. Germany and England were both anxious to lend their assistance, as their trade would ultimately benefit by improved means of communication. The Taotai had himself been taken for a trip on His Majesty's ship \"Woodlark\" in company with the British Consul, and had seen for himself that steam navigation in these waters was not very different from that on the lower river. Mr. Yang Chun Ching, who had accompanied him on the trip, would give them further details.\n\nMessrs. Chang and Chao opposed the idea of official aid. Chou Taotai said that he did not wish to force assistance upon them, but it would be at their disposal when required.\n\nMr. Yang Chun Ching then explained details of engines and expenses. Merchant-ships would naturally be less expense than gun-boats.\n\nMr. Li, a banker, then proposed that those now present who refused to buy shares should never be permitted to do so; that the shareholders should have preference in shipping goods according to the amount of their shares. It was finally decided to consult the various guilds and lay their opinions before Chou Taotai. Capital of Company was fixed at 100,000 dollars in 10,000 shares of 10 taels each, 10 taels paid up.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed)\n\nHARRY H. FOX,\n\nInclosure 2 in No. 1.\n\nVice-Consul Bristow to Board of Trade,\n\nChungking, October 25, 1907.\n\nIT will be remembered that my despatch of the 19th November, 1906, called for estimates for river gun-boats suitable for these waters.\n\nGentlemen,\n\nInclosure 4 in No. 1.\n\nActing Consul-General Fox to Messrs. Yarrow and Co.\n\nChengtu, December 17, 1907.\n\nTHE Commercial Intelligence Department of the Board of Trade have doubtless communicated to you a letter from His Majesty's Consul in Chungking reporting the formation of a semi-official Chinese Company with the object of placing shallow-draft steam tugs and lighters on the Upper Yang-tsze between Ichang and Chungking.\n\n[2895 g-2]\n\nB 2",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-351 - Public Offices - 1908",
        "page_number": 452,
        "title": "CO129-351 - Public Offices - 1908",
        "content_text": "3\n\n445\n\nof the province. Bishop Cassels says: \"There is a very remarkable decrease in the amount of land placed under opium cultivation this autumn. This is, I think, not the result of any fresh official action, but is due to the fear that impending heavy taxation will render opium growing unprofitable.\"\n\nDr. Smith, of the Canadian Methodist Mission, Yung Hsien, states: \"In this district I am sure that not more than one-third of the total area has been planted with poppy this autumn. Yung Hsien is an important opium-growing district, and formerly quite two-thirds of the whole area was under cultivation.\"\n\nDr. J. R. Cox, of the same mission, writes of the Jen Shou district: \"I notice a marked decrease in the area under cultivation this year.\"\n\nWith regard to my second impression, I quote Mr. Faers, of the China Inland Mission at Suifu, an old resident and keen observer. He says: \"There is certainly less land under poppy this year. I attribute this entirely to the vigorous action taken by our new District Magistrate.\" Dr. Parker, of the London Mission at Chungking, informs me that the Pa Hsien Magistrate has \"practically stamped out the poppy in the Chungking district.\" This is confirmed by Mr. Bristow in his Report No. 12 of the 5th December last: \"I was surprised to find no trace of poppy cultivation on the right bank of the river (i.e., in the neighbourhood of Chungking), where last year the greater proportion of the available land was producing opium.\"\n\nOn the other hand, at Kuan Hsien, where the local official is an opium smoker, the missionary reports that no attention has been paid to the Proclamation ordering a reduction of cultivation.\n\nIn support of my third impression, namely, that a decrease of cultivation in one district may mean an increase in another, I again quote Mr. Faers. He writes, after referring to the reduction in the neighbourhood of Suifu: \"I must admit that between Tzu Chou and Chengtu (on the road from Suifu to the capital) the poppy was universal.\" And Mr. Davey, who recently visited Chiang Ching Hsien, a district adjoining the Pa Hsien above referred to, tells me that opium is being cultivated in that district in increased quantities this year.\n\nTurning now to the restrictions placed by the Chinese authorities on opium smoking, I have to state that, to the best of my knowledge, these exist at the present time only in name and not in reality. The preparation of opium has been made a Government monopoly, effective in Chengtu and the larger cities, only partially so in the smaller towns and country places; otherwise the opium smoker can obtain the drug as easily and almost as cheaply now as he could a year ago. To take Chengtu as an example: there is no registration of opium smokers; any one may go into an official opium divan and obtain as much opium as he requires; police control of these establishments appears to be purely nominal; opium is provided as heretofore in the inns, restaurants, and houses of ill fame; opium ash is still hawked about the streets, not so openly as formerly, but quite as generally; the opium refuges established in various parts of the city stand empty.\n\nReports from missionaries in the interior indicate a similar state of affairs. Opium dens reopened, no official supervision, no registration of smokers, prices slightly raised owing to taxes imposed on dens and boiling shops, is the tale most of my correspondents have to tell. Mr. Crabtree, of the Church Missionary Society, who recently made a tour in North-Western Szechuan, writes: \"In no single case could I find the slightest attempt being made to check opium smoking. At Maochou (on the Chengtu-Sungpan road) dens are all closed, but opium can be freely bought and smoked in the inns. In many places I asked smokers if they had their opium licences, but in every case the answer was in the negative.\"\n\nOne is therefore forced to the conclusion that the local officials, as a body, are doing little or nothing to assist the movement for the eradication of the use of opium in this province. They doubtless take their cue from the Viceroy and his advisers in Chengtu, who, as their term of office will shortly expire on the arrival of the new Viceroy, are naturally disinclined to take any drastic measures, possibly involving a collision with agricultural interests, at the present juncture. The approaching change of Administration may also account for the fact that the Acting Viceroy appears to have made no serious attempt to weed out the many notorious opium-smoking officials holding office in the province. While opium smokers are debarred from teaching in schools or holding commands in the new army and police force, territorial officials, more especially District Magistrates, who are known to be habitual opium smokers are retained at their posts and even receive promotion. I select two examples from several that have come under my notice. Mao Yu Lin, the notorious opium-smoking Prefect of Suifu, more than once referred to in my reports, who should long ago have been cashiered for his inability to break off the opium habit—he has, I am informed, endeavoured to cure himself and is in consequence little better than a mental and physical wreck—has recently been appointed Director of the new arsenal at Chengtu. At Wei Yuan Hsien the Magistrate is unable to attend to the duties of his office because of the opium habit; in the adjoining sub-district of Kung Ching, the Assistant Magistrate in charge, also a heavy smoker, has recently been appointed District Magistrate and transferred to a more lucrative post.\n\nThere is happily a brighter side to the picture. The movement against opium among all classes of the people of this province is undoubtedly slowly but surely growing. There is a consensus of opinion on the part of those, both native and foreign, who are best qualified to judge that opium smoking is on the decrease. This applies more particularly to Chengtu and Chungking, cities where an enlightened public opinion is able to make itself felt in a more forcible manner than elsewhere.\n\nIn 1904 Sir Alexander Hosie, in his Report on the Province of Szechuan, estimated the number of male opium smokers in this city at 50 per cent. of the adult male population. Replies that I have received to inquiries on this point agree in fixing the proportion at the present time at not more than one in four, or 25 per cent. The proportion of women smokers is estimated at from 10 to 12 per cent., as compared with Sir Alexander Hosie's former estimate of 20 per cent.\n\nMore than one recent traveller has mentioned to me the growing demand for opium \"remedies to cure the drug habit.\" Mr. Crabtree, above referred to, writes: \"I am constantly being asked for medicine.\" Another missionary mentions that opium pills are in great demand among the country people at his station, and Dr. Smith, of Yung Hsien, tells me that on a recent occasion thirty people from one village came in and asked him to cure them of opium smoking. They were, as is usually the case, disinclined to undergo treatment, and greatly disappointed when the doctor told them that he had no sovereign remedy for opium in the shape of pill or powder.\n\nA Delegate from Chiating, an opium-ridden city, informed the Conference that his Mission had offered to assist the local authorities by opening opium refuges under foreign medical superintendence, but that the offer had been politely but firmly declined. One or two other Delegates related similar experiences. This confirms my opinion, expressed in a former report, that the Chinese do not want, and will not accept, foreign assistance in this matter. It would be well if some of the more enthusiastic but less experienced members of the Protestant missionary body in Szechuan would realize this fact and devote less time and attention to the furtherance of what they term the \"anti-opium crusade.\"\n\nI have, &c. (Signed)\n\nHARRY FOX.\n\nInclosure 2 in No. 1.\n\nPrécis of Reports respecting the Opium Movement.\n\nChefoo.\n\nTOWARDS the close of 1907 an official Prepared-opium Bureau was opened, which consisted of a body of merchants intrusted not only with the opium trade generally in and around Chefoo, but who were also accorded the exclusive right or monopoly to manufacture and sell prepared opium.\n\nThe Bureau thus became practically the depository of all opium, raw and prepared, in Chefoo, having the right to take over all opium it required at a fair market price.\n\nAs a result of representations in the matter, the Taotai has promised to alter the Regulations so as to exclude foreign opium.\n\nChinkiang.\n\nThe opium dens in the British Concession have, as already reported, been closed. In regard to the opium shops in the Concession, the 1908 licences are revocable at any moment should circumstances render such action necessary, and will not be renewed for 1909.\n\nIn the Provinces of Hupei, Hunan, Shensi, Shansi, and Kansu Proclamations continue to be issued at intervals, without producing much effect, and the general...",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-351 - Public Offices - 1908",
        "page_number": 803,
        "title": "CO129-351 - Public Offices - 1908",
        "content_text": "796\n\n2\n\nsuggest that either Taotai's deeds be issued for these lots, in which case Bowern will be very careful in future land transactions, and will not use the name of Pao T'ai Chi any more, as it seems to give rise to misunderstanding, or that the Chinese authorities take back the land, refunding to Bowern all out-of-pocket expenses for land which he still holds in his own name, and refunding the sale price to those foreigners to whom he has transferred lots,\n\n\"But in a very good letter, in which, I am bound to confess he has the best of the argument, the Taotai adheres to his original demand, and matters are at present at a deadlock.\"\n\nBankow.\n\nIn the course of investigations into troubles which arose in December last between the China Inland Mission and the Roman Catholic Mission at Tang Hsien in Honan, it has been brought to light that the latter mission has a body of armed men whose uniform badges describe them as \"Volunteers of the Roman Catholic Church at Liu Pin Chiao.\" His Majesty's Consul-General addressed a despatch to the Governor calling attention to the serious danger of such missionary guards, but he has received no reply. It is asserted that the local Brigadier asked the mission to keep this body of men as a protection. The native priest, however, told an English missionary, in the presence of the Prefect, that these men had all become Roman Catholics on their dismissal by the Police Bureau, in whose employment they had been, in consequence of certain disturbances with the native Protestant converts.\n\nFurther evidence as to the lack of brotherly love existing between adherents of the various Christian missions is to be found in the Report of an English missionary, who, on visiting P'u-ch'i, saw a mob of Roman Catholic converts engaged in hanging up an American convert by his thumbs. The American and Roman Catholic missions in that city have only been able to settle serious troubles, which arose between them lately, thanks to the mediation of the Taotai. This Magistrate, however, confesses himself unable to keep the peace between the various missionary sects.\n\nPakhoi.\n\nOn the 15th March this year a slight disturbance broke out in the Kaochou district east of Pakhoi. Three hundred troops were hurriedly dispatched; with their arrival the rebels went quietly back to their fields, and all is now reported safe. In Pakhoi itself there is nothing to show the unsettled state of the surrounding districts. There are about 200 soldiers there. A number of these have been told off as a guard to the foreign community; they are distributed in mat-sheds round the foreign houses. They do not, however, inspire much confidence; little better than a ragged crowd of undisciplined coolies, it is not at all certain that they could be relied upon in an emergency. The Vice-Consul for France, M. Guibert, has been endeavouring for some time past to secure that a Chinese war-vessel shall be permanently stationed there. The Viceroy has so far yielded to his representations as to promise that a gun-boat shall visit the port twice a-month, and that in the event of a serious outbreak it shall remain close at hand until quiet has been restored. As things are at present there would seem to be no necessity for any more elaborate precautions.\n\nVessels arriving at Pakhoi are from time to time boarded by the local Deputy for Foreign Affairs and his detectives to search for rebels. In the case of British vessels a letter is sent, on the steamer's arrival in port, to the captain from His Majesty's Consulate, instructing him to give the Deputy every assistance in his search. He is at the same time warned that in the event of the Chinese authorities wishing to arrest any one he must at once communicate with the Consulate, and must not allow the person to be taken out of the ship before the Consul or his representative has inquired into the matter, and satisfied himself that the accused is implicated in a criminal offence and is a fit subject to be given up. So far no arrests have been made on British ships.\n\nAccording to reports received from His Majesty's Consulate, the French are leaving no stone unturned to increase their influence in the south-west provinces. They are not, however, popular with the Chinese, and a wholesome dread of everything French is, Mr. Harding states, a noticeable feature of the local mind. Rumours are abroad that the Tonkin authorities, to ingratiate themselves with the Chinese Government, and in exchange for certain Railway Concessions in South China, have secretly agreed to surrender to the Chinese authorities all political refugees in Tonkin and Annam. These rumours are, however, emphatically denied by the French papers, which explain that, while so-called Chinese reformers will be kept under surveillance, they will not, if deported, be sent back to China. It is a significant fact, however, that recently a Chinese prisoner—believed to be a revolutionist—was sent from Haiphong to Pakhoi to be handed over to the Chinese authorities. The prisoner arrived in charge of an Annamite soldier, but succeeded in effecting his escape shortly after landing.\n\n3\n\nThe French claim a right, based on the Kuangchow Wan Agreement of 1898, to participate in the building of any railway at Pakhoi. In the present state of Chinese feeling the suggestion of French co-operation is in itself quite enough to give the death-blow to any Chinese ambitions in this respect. It is equally certain that, without the assistance of foreign capital and foreign engineers, it is impossible to hope, at any rate for the present, to see a purely Chinese scheme of railway development come to fruition in these parts. It has also to be remembered that the existence of a railway at Pakhoi would bring the latter once more into competition with the neighbouring French port of Haiphong for the trade of the Yunnan market. This is now practically a dead letter as far as Pakhoi is concerned.\n\nYunnan tin was at one time a most valuable article of export. Now it does not appear in the returns at all, and Yunnan produce finds its way more cheaply and expeditiously to the sea via the French railway to Haiphong, even in spite of the heavy incidence of taxation to which it is subjected en route by the French Customs officials. Participation, therefore, is the least quid pro quo the French will take for the diminution which the building of the railway at Pakhoi would probably cause in the Haiphong trade returns. In view, however, of the strong aversion of the Chinese to French—or in fact any foreign—assistance, it does not seem possible that a Franco-Chinese railway can become an accomplished fact.\n\nThere is a French Government school in Pakhoi founded by the Tonkin Administration. The Director, M. Obl, told Mr. Harding that when he arrived here a little over a year ago, there were only nineteen scholars. He now claims over 100, This is probably an exaggerated figure, but there would seem to be no doubt that the school derives a considerable amount of popularity with the Chinese from the fact that instruction is entirely secular. Prospects of employment in minor posts under the Tonkin Administration are also held out to the most successful pupils.\n\nThat gun-running exists on the Tonkinese border is proved by recent notices in the French press, which, besides giving many rumours of seizures, reports the actual capture of a Greek who was smuggling revolvers and ammunition. During the past quarter also several junks have been detained by the Pakhoi Customs for clandestinely landing arms.\n\nPiracies continue to occur in Pakhoi waters with regular precision. Sometimes it is a junk, at others a village which is looted. Little or nothing is being done by the authorities to check it, their attention being wholly occupied with the greater question of the rebellion.\n\nWuhu.\n\nAnhui Railway.-Chou Hsueh Hsi, a son of Chou Fu, the late Viceroy of Canton, has been elected President of the Anhui Railway Company, and his appointment has been confirmed by the Throne.\n\nDuring the past three months work on the line, so far as can be learnt, has been suspended, but there are signs that the filling-in and bunding of the Company's lot in the General Foreign Settlement, on which is to be situated the river terminus of the line to Kuang-te-chou, are to be undertaken at an early date.\n\nInclosure 2 in No. 1.\n\nExtracts from the Chinese Press.\n\nTHE following extracts from the native press are of interest :-\n\n\"New German Railway in Shantung.-The German-Chinese Company at present developing coal mines in Yi Hsien have decided to construct a line for the transport of their coal from the mines to T'ai Erh Chuang. A contract for the construction of the line and the supply of rolling-stock has been made with Arnold Karberg and Carlowitz and Co., the cost being estimated at 1,600,000 marks. German engineers are to be engaged.\"\n\n\"Measures adopted against River Pirates in Kiangsu and Chekiang.-The Provincial Treasurer Jui has organized a force to patrol the lakes and canals of Chekiang and\n\n[1819 -3]\n\nB 2",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908",
        "page_number": 67,
        "title": "CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908",
        "content_text": "C.0.\n\n65\n\nThis Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.\n\n2\n\n110,000l. per annum) due to this Government from the Viceroy of Wuchang, should he desire to devote this money to the construction of the line. The loan by this Colony is fully secured, and the interest at 4 per cent. is regularly paid.\n\nThe postponement of the payments due this year (and, if need be, next year) could be made on the application of the Viceroy, based on a plea that it was inconvenient to meet the obligation at present, with a private understanding that the money, which is entirely Chinese money raised by local taxation, would be applied to pushing on construction. It may be that if the French group find that the Chinese are obdurate, and that they are themselves finding money for the work, they may recede from the position which has caused this impasse. In this connection I would invite your Lordship's attention to Mr. Just's letter of the 24th August, 1907, to the Foreign Office, and to the previous correspondence to which it referred.\n\n5. Sir John Jordan, I think, concurred that this would be a means, and the only visible means, of getting out of the difficulty unless either the French or Chang-chi-tung should give way, but he appeared to think that it would be necessary to inform the French of the fact that I had allowed postponement of the Viceroy's payments. I can hardly see the necessity for this myself, it being purely a matter between this Colony and the Viceroy how and when the loan he has contracted shall be repaid, but Sir John Jordan is in a better position to judge than I am.\n\n6. If at the time this despatch reaches your Lordship's hands the impasse still continues, and you are disposed to concur in my suggestion, I shall be glad to receive your Lordship's instructions by telegram.\n\n7. I am forwarding a copy of this despatch to Sir John Jordan.\n\n(Confidential.) Sir,\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(Signed) F. D. LUGARD.\n\n*\n\nInclosure 2 in No. 1.\n\nThe Earl of Crewe to Governor Sir F. Lugard.\n\nDowning Street, June 12, 1908.\n\nI HAVE the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your Confidential despatch of the 10th April and your telegram of the 12th May with regard to the Canton-Hankow Railway, and to transmit to you, for your information, the inclosed copies of correspondence with the Foreign Office regarding the contemplated Anglo-French arrangement.**\n\n2. As at present advised, I am not disposed to favour the suggestion put forward in the fourth paragraph of your despatch, that the instalment due from the Viceroy of Wuchang might be postponed for this year.\n\nI have, &c. (Signed)\n\n* To Foreign Office, May 19; Foreign Office, May 26, 1908.\n\nCREWE.\n\nCHINA RAILWAYS.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\n(21172]\n\n[June 20th JUL 08\n\nSECTION 1.\n\nNo. 1.\n\nSir J. Jordan to Sir Edward Grey.-(Received June 20.)\n\n(No. 224.) Sir,\n\nPeking, May 25, 1908. THE appointment of Mr. R. St. George Moore as engineer of the Wuchang-Yochou section of the Hankow-Canton Railway, which was referred to in my despatch No. 207 of the 11th May, was definitely made on the 30th April, under an Agreement, copy of which is inclosed herewith. The terms of this Agreement, which was negotiated by Mr. Moore with the Hupei authorities directly, and without the direct intervention of His Majesty's Consul-General, are, I believe, not such as would be generally acceptable to British engineers in Chinese employ, but Mr. Moore\n\nappears to be specially agreeable to the Chinese, and the Agreement may work well in his case.\n\nOn the 21st May Mr. Bland handed me a Memorandum (copy inclosed)* upon his negotiations regarding a construction loan for the Hupei-Hunan section of the railway, from which it seemed likely that Chang Chih-tung's delay in resuming the discussion after the appointment of the new Viceroy at Hankow might be due to objections lodged by the Belgian Minister at the Wai-wu Pu.\n\nIn conversation with my French colleague on the morning of the 22nd May, I ascertained that Baron de Grenier had told him that representations of the nature described in my despatch No. 207 had been made at the Wai-wu Pu in opposition to an Anglo-French loan, and M. Bapst was disposed to attribute this opposition to the fact that the Belgian group interested in the financial undertakings of the British and Chinese Corporation was different from and antagonistic to the Belgian group at present controlling the Peking-Hankow Railway. M. Bapst further said that he had mentioned the subject at the Wai-wu Pu, but was given no information regarding the Belgian objections, which, in any case, he did not seem disposed to combat actively.\n\nThe preferential rights secured to us under Chang Chih-tung's letter of the 9th September, 1905, to Mr. Fraser, appeared to me to require that serious notice should be taken of the Belgian Minister's action, and, in an interview at the Wai-wu Pu on the afternoon of the 22nd, I discussed the whole question with his Excellency Liang Tun-yen. I reminded him of the principal steps in the negotiations which are recapitulated in Mr. Bland's Memorandum, and stated that, as far as I could understand, these negotiations were held in check by certain claims of the Belgian Minister which were based on Sheng's letter of the 26th June, 1898, and on the unredeemed bonds. I expressed a hope that the Belgian contentions, which had no rational basis, would not be listened to, and warned his Excellency that if they were seriously entertained by the Chinese Government I should be compelled to protest vigorously. I produced a copy of Chang Chih-tung's letter of the 9th September, 1905, which his Excellency knew of but had not read, and he readily acknowledged that it gave us clear preferential rights. According to him, the Wai-wu Pu did not admit the Belgian claims, but the Belgian Representative had been told that there was nothing to prevent his people from quoting terms for the loan. To this I said there was no objection, provided that the conditions of Chang's engagement were borne in mind and the British financiers given the preference if their terms were equally favourable.\n\nHis Excellency told me he understood that Chang had really felt his way blocked by the Belgian intervention, and had thought of deferring the loan for the Hankow-Canton line and concluding one for the Hankow-Ichang Railway instead. It was, he said, very desirable that the southern trunk line should be completed quickly, but he did not see how Chang could make any further move except at the instance of the Hankow Viceroy. No doubt, if the latter applied for a loan, Chang would support him. His Excellency promised to try and see Chang, but appeared to favour direct representations by Mr. Bland to the Viceroy.\n\nI objected that on previous occasions Messrs. Bland and Hillier had spent a long time at Hankow in negotiations which were made fruitless by the Central Government...",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "title": "CO129-352 - Public Offices - 1908",
        "content_text": "2\n\nhensible how a civilized race like the Japanese can be indifferent to such a national degradation. On more than one occasion I have seen Chinese coolies treating them with a contemptuous familiarity they would not display to their own women.\n\nNorth of Mukden the Japanese are of course much in evidence at all the railway stations. At Tieh-ling they have an exceptionally large and apparently flourishing Settlement, covering the ground between the station and the city, but away from the railway they are not much in evidence, except at Kirin.\n\nGoing west-north-west from Ssu-p'ing-chieh station I did not see any till I reached Chêng-chia-t'un, where, not counting a party of Japanese surveyors, there is a Japanese shop, in which I bought a tin of biscuits, with the well-known pattern and the side notice of \"Hundley and Palmier's Superior Reading Biscuits.\" At K'u-lun-chieh two Japanese merchants from Hsin-min Fu have recently been investigating the conditions of trade. At Fa-k'u-men there are two Japanese doctors who—with a race addicted to medicine like the Chinese—are able to carry on a thriving trade, besides several low-class shop-keepers. I did not see any more Japanese till I reached Hsin-min Fu, where the Japanese have a Consulate and gambling dens.\n\nWherever I went in Manchuria, I was told trade was in a bad way. In Fa-k'u-men many firms, affected by the big failure of a Chinese bank at Newchwang last year, had come to grief, whilst in Kirin Province the native banks, who are under no Government supervision, had issued too many notes. The country people, owing to lack of funds, were making no purchases, and business was generally at a standstill. The Japanese were therefore suffering by the general depression of trade.\n\n3. Robbers in China. The Hung-hu-tzu are generally armed with modern rifles. At K'uan-ch'eng-tzu the Mitsui Bussan Kaisha sells rifles to the Chinese farmers, much against the wishes of the Chinese officials, and many of these rifles find their way into the hands of the robbers. The Hung-hu-tzu, who are indiscriminately Chinese, Manchu, or Mongolian (in the west), are often old soldiers, and generally belong to the farmer class. Often a family elects to send one member to join a neighbouring band, so as to enjoy the benefits of its protection. Wherever I travelled in Feng-tien Province the country was reported to be tranquil, but I was informed that small parties of robbers were still giving trouble some 12 or 15 miles north of Feng-hua Hsien, and that Mongol mounted bandits had been raiding the country to the west of K'u-lun-chieh earlier in the year. In Kirin Province, which is more thinly populated, I heard they were still giving some trouble in the hills, 80 or 100 miles to the south of Kirin.\n\nGenerally when Chinese soldiers are sent out against robbers, they complain very little, and the Chinese often secure repose by promoting the robber chiefs to official rank and taking their bands into their service. Thus the Hung-hu-tzu chief, named Chang-tso-lin, was given the Hsin-min Fu military district last year. To show his zeal he invited a brother chieftain, called Tu-li-san, to a feast, and then treacherously put him to death. He has now been promoted to a red button, and given the command of the Chêng-chia-t'un district. Feng-ling-kê, well known before the war as the great robber chief of Liao-yang, was captured by the Russians and sent to Saghalien, whence he escaped, and worked for the Japanese during the war. He is now commanding the district of Chang-wu Hsien, to the west of Fa-k'u-men. Unfortunately, he was absent from the city when I passed through. Many of the soldiers of the provincial armies of Manchuria (viz., Feng-chün, Chi-chün, and Ch'i-chün) have been Hung-hu-tzu, who have now changed sides with their chiefs, and settled down to the reposeful life of a Chinese soldier. As the soldiers of the Lu Chün are Manchus of the cities, or Chinese from other provinces, there are probably no ex-Hung-hu-tzu amongst them. A soldier told me that the reason why they were recruiting only Manchu soldiers for the local Lu-chün at Kirin and Mukden was because if a Chinese deserted he could probably escape, but the Manchu could not desert so easily. This is probably partly the case,\n\nAnother difficulty in Manchuria is that the Chinese police themselves often rob and squeeze the inhabitants.\n\nDuring the Manchurian campaign, the Hung-hu-tzu were of considerable use to the Japanese. The Russians used to have large supplies of cattle, &c., sent across Mongolia to them, and the Hung-hu-tzu were employed to waylay these convoys and divert them to the Japanese.\n\nI do not think that Japanese officers would do well in command of Chinese soldiers, as they would be too harsh and unsympathetic, whilst the Chinese have the old prejudice against the Japanese, whom they always looked upon as inferior to themselves till they were partially disillusioned fourteen years ago. On the other hand, I believe that the mounted bandits of Western Manchuria, if trained and led by European officers, who knew their language, could be made very useful in guerilla warfare.\n\n1\n\n3\n\n4. The Chinese in Manchuria.—The population is mostly composed of Chinese, who have emigrated from Shantung and Chih-li Provinces during the last 200 or 300 years. Some have been settled so long that they call themselves natives of Manchuria, so they can always tell how long it is since their families emigrated. The Manchus are principally found in the big cities like Mukden and Kirin.\n\nAs the population of Shantung and Chih-li increases, the necessity for emigration grows greater, and this overflow finds an outlet in Manchuria or Mongolia. In the past, the population of China has often been kept in check by wholesale massacres, such as the appalling destruction of the Tai-ping rebellion, the Mahommedan rebellions in Yunnan and Kan-su, and the more recent disturbances in Kuang-si, also by great famines and the inundations of the Yellow River; but as civilization increases, railways are built, and European methods of engineering adopted, these evils should be reduced, and the population will increase more rapidly than at present. The colonization of Manchuria is still in its infancy. Taking a line roughly from Tieh-ling to Fa-k'u-men in the south, I was struck by the smallness of the villages and the scantiness of the population as I proceeded north. In Kirin Province, this was still more apparent. On the main road between Kirin and K'uan-ch'eng-tzu, the two principal towns of the province, a distance of 77 miles, there are only 3 villages with over 40 or 50 houses, viz., one with 250, another with 100, and another with 60 houses. Sungari, between the railway and Kirin, the country is even more thinly populated.\n\nMeanwhile, the Chinese are gradually pushing forward the boundaries of Chih-li to the north, and of Manchuria to the north and west, buying land from the Mongol Princes, and pressing the Mongols back. Within the last twenty years, a great tract of land on the western side of Manchuria, called the Shu-lu-huang, or Imperial grazing ground, has been thrown open to colonists, and the land is now mostly given up to cultivation. Towns, as they become of sufficient importance, are granted official status, and Chinese Magistrates are sent to govern these budding colonies.\n\nOn the\n\nWhilst natives come and go in Manchuria with much noise, drawing the attention of the whole world upon themselves, the Chinese peasants quietly push on unnoticed, armed only with the primitive agricultural implements used in the time of Abraham; but they have arrived with the full determination to stay, until necessity compels their descendants to push on still further ahead and carry on the silent and real invasion of Manchuria. The Mongols are a very different race from the Chinese, and are stupid and indolent, readily offering themselves as victims to Chinese cunning and craft.\n\n5. The disputed Territory of Ch'ien-tao.—I was unable to visit this region. The Japanese Consul at Kirin told me the Chinese had already sent four battalions of infantry of the Lu Chün (about 2,000 men) to the neighbourhood of Yen-chi Ting, and that they proposed sending the rest of the Kirin Lu Chün brigade (another 2,000 men) there this autumn.\n\nIn addition to the Lu Chün, the Chinese have one part of their Kirin provincial troops (Chi-chün Chien-lu), nominally 1,566 officers and men, stationed in the district. The latter are really untrained constabulary, employed for service against the Hung-hu-tzu, and unorganized for war, whilst of the Lu Chün 3,000 out of the 4,000 belong to the Kirin Brigade, which only started training last spring. The remaining 1,000 men belong, apparently, to the 3rd Lu Chün Division, which is scattered around K'uan-ch'eng-tzu, Kirin, and Ch'ang-t'u Fu, and is commanded by a very inefficient Major-General, Ts'ao-k'un. The division, when it was at Pao-ting Fu two years ago, shared with the 1st Manchu Division the honour of being the best division in the Chinese army, but it has deteriorated very much since it was sent to Manchuria.\n\nG. PEREIRA, Lieutenant-Colonel,\n\nGrenadier Guards, Military Attaché.\n\n(Signed)\n\nPeking, July 4, 1908.\n\n553",
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        "title": "CO129-353 - Public Offices - 1908",
        "content_text": "## 697 \n\n### 14 \n\ntaxation, uprooted the young plants, a reassuring Proclamation was issued. Registration of poppy land is described as a farce. It is said that many people have voluntarily given up the opium habit.\n\nIn the K'ai Hsien and Wan Hsien districts of K'uai-chou Prefecture, also in the east of the province, nothing whatever has been done to check use or cultivation, and although Proclamations have been issued in the O-mei district, in the Chia-ting Prefecture, south and west of the provincial capital, announcing official control of opium, nothing has been done to enforce obedience. Some of the gentry and scholars have abandoned the habit, but there is no reduction in cultivation.\n\nPoppy cultivation has been practically abandoned in the districts of Pa Hsien and Chi-chiang Hsien, lying between the port of Chungking and the frontier of the Province of Kueichow. One traveller states that, with some very few exceptions, he saw nothing in this part of the province but wheat, beans, &c., where last year opium grew in profusion. In the Pa Hsien district, opium growers are all registered, and in spring, many fields of poppy were summarily destroyed by their owners to avoid being found out by yamen runners sent out with a deputy on a tour of inspection. In these districts, opium houses have been reduced in most instances from ten or more in a market town to two or three. Food-stuffs were cheaper than for many years, owing to their larger production.\n\nIt is at the district city of Sui-ning, in the Prefecture of Tung-chuan Fu, which lies between the Prefectures of Pao-ning and Chengtu, that experiments are being made with the Malay opium cure already referred to. Reference has also been made to the orders given by the Governor-General for curtailment of cultivation in future, and to the special deputies appointed to report on the areas under poppy. In Szechuan, the poppy seed is sown during the present month (November), so that it is yet too soon to say what measure of success will attend the instructions enjoining curtailment.\n\nKueichow—In last Report, it was mentioned that a genuine attempt was being made in this province to stamp out the evil. This may be applicable to Kuei-yang, the provincial capital, and the immediate neighbourhood; but Reports recently received from other prefectures tell quite a different story. Of the Prefecture of An-shun Fu, in the west of the province, it is stated that Proclamations were issued last year and this year, but no action has been taken locally in pursuance of them. No steps have been taken to restrict the area under cultivation. Nearly all the available land is given over to poppy growing, and very little wheat is cultivated. In the beginning, the officials made a pretence of closing the opium houses and shops, and the signboards were taken down, but now both houses and shops are in full swing again, and no inspection is carried out. The only step taken to cure the smokers has been to open a temple as a place for dispensing medicines to help in the cure.\n\nWriting from the Prefecture of Chen-yuen Fu, in the east of the province, a correspondent says that a Proclamation was issued last March warning residents of a certain locality that the Opium Regulations were still in force, and that planting of poppy was a violation thereof, but no official action has been taken.\n\nLast year's anxiety on the subject has quite disappeared, and none of the officials are really giving up the habit. One Magistrate near Chen-yuen sent deputies to destroy the poppy fields, but appeal was made to the Governor, and he was made to pay heavy restitution. There are no restrictions on smokers in this district, nor are any medicines being given out by the officials.\n\nAnother report states that in the Tsung-yi Prefecture, in the north of the province, nearly 85 per cent. of the fields in the writer's district are under poppy, and that more opium is being bought than last year. No fresh Proclamations have been issued, and the opium houses and shops are neither closed nor inspected, and there are no restrictions on smokers.\n\nThe above is rather a black picture, but Kueichow is probably the most opium-sodden province of the Empire, and eradication of the evil will take time.\n\nYünnan.—I have already referred to the energy displayed by the Governor-General of Yünnan and Kueichow, and to his determination to eradicate opium from the former province during the present Chinese year. The following is the gist of the Proclamation which he issued on the 21st July: Those who have contracted the opium craving must free themselves of it during the year; all fields hitherto under poppy must be sown with beans and wheat, and the cultivation of poppy must cease; and all stocks of raw and prepared opium in shops and godowns must be speedily removed out of the province. All who still smoke after the 21st January, 1909, will be prosecuted and severely punished; all who cultivate the poppy after that date will have their crops uprooted, and the land will be confiscated for the public benefit; all prepared opium shops and godowns for the storage of the raw drug must be closed and their business cease; and any daring to have secret stocks of either the raw or prepared drug will have the same confiscated and be themselves punished.\n\nThe Governor-General has taken the further step of telegraphing to the provincial authorities ordering them to prevent the passage of opium through any Customs or li-kin barriers within their jurisdiction on and after the 21st September. If these instructions are carried out, opium in Yünnan will cease to have a marketable value. He has had secret agents at work in the province inquiring into the poppy areas and watching the measures being taken for suppression.\n\nReports speak of crops having been uprooted in the neighbourhood of the provincial capital, and of areas being reduced in some districts from a fourth to a third with a consequent lowering of the price of food-stuffs; but as a whole, and taking into consideration the steps that have been taken in the matter, they cast some doubt on the ability of the Governor-General to eradicate opium within his time limit. They also point out the great difficulty that will be experienced in dealing with cultivation in the mountainous country in the west of the province inhabited by Lolos, Kachins, Shans, and others, as well as by Chinese, where control is somewhat weak, but here, as everywhere else in China, success must largely depend on the energy and good faith of the local authorities.\n\n### 15 \n\nIn condensing these reports, which are necessarily fragmentary dealing as they do with only parts of provinces, I have endeavoured to extract and present the most salient points bearing on the carrying out of the task which China has imposed upon herself. They reveal a curious mixture of energy and apathy; but it must be admitted that through the former considerable progress is being made, especially in curtailment of production. As regards smoking, the closing of opium houses, if here and there somewhat lax, has placed a stigma on the habit, and a public opinion strongly adverse to the drug is discernible in several important centres. The registration and licensing of opium shops and smokers is gradually being enforced, but, although some provinces lag behind others in this respect, time has been insufficient to carry out what has only been completed in the metropolis less than a month ago. There is evidence that smokers are voluntarily breaking off the habit, but the information regarding the cures affected by anti-opium medicines is somewhat indefinite, and it is to be feared that in many cases opium and morphia eating is taking the place of opium smoking.\n\nThere are two questions calling for some attention in connection with the suppression of opium in China. They are—\n\n1. What can be grown in place of the poppy?\n2. How is the revenue hitherto derived from opium to be made good?\n\nThe time of opium harvesting differs with the provinces, but in general terms, it may be said that in Western and South-Western China, where the great bulk of the drug is produced, the poppy occupies the ground from November to the middle of April, and in Manchuria and North China from March to July. In the West, wheat, rape, beans, and peas are cultivated during the poppy season; and in the North, where the rigorous winter stops all cultivation, the poppy shares the ground with the usual summer crops. The advantage of opium production, in addition to the higher value of the harvest per acre, is the portability of the drug in a country where lack of means of communication bars access to a market. One man can carry a load of opium for hundreds of miles over atrocious roads to a market without unduly raising its cost, whereas grain or other produce of the same value could not be moved many miles and yield a profit; and it is to the development of railways that the Chinese cultivator must look to enable him to grow and dispose of the crops best suited to climate and soil. Where communication is easy and cheap, the farmer will lose little by abandoning the poppy.\n\nIt is a much more difficult matter to say whence China will derive the revenue which the suppression of opium (native and foreign) will necessarily cut off. Although China considers the abandonment of that revenue of no account in comparison with the eradication of the evil, the sacrifice is a heavy one. Certain steps have, however, already been taken to make good the loss. Increased taxation of land under poppy is only a temporary relief, and will cease with the suppression of cultivation; but in Szechuan, the Provincial Government, under instructions from the Board of Finance, has imposed a tax of 3 cash a catty on the salt production of that province, and an additional tax of 5 cash per catty on salt exported from Szechuan to Hupei. The",
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        "title": "CO129-360 - Public Offices - 1909",
        "content_text": "## 412\n\nblanket. I saw the accused shake a man by the shoulder. He sat up in a dazed manner and when his ticket was demanded he, after some delay, tendered 50 cents and it was handed to me. I looked at the man and he appeared to me to be dazed with opium. I remarked this as I passed on. We finished collecting tickets about 25 minutes past 11 p.m. There was no disturbance or noise of any kind while I was on deck. There were 666 passengers on the lower deck. The lower deck is fairly well lit with electric light. If a passenger is asleep he is usually shaken up by his shoulders. I have never seen any member of the crew kick a passenger to wake him up. It is usually opium smokers who have to be wakened by shaking. With 600 passengers on the lower deck it would be impossible to walk across the deck without touching some of them. The accused went round with me to collect the tickets. We sometimes have to shake a man more than once.\n\nChan Kim Cho, Compradore, was called and said: I went down with the captain after some passengers had told me that a man had been kicked to death. It was about 12:30 a.m. I do not know any of the men who spoke to me on the lower deck.\n\n## THE DECISION\n\nDecember\n\nCANTON\n\nTHE HONGKONG WEEKLY PRESS\n\nand the Japanese Doctor of the Reform Army, one English Doctor, and one Doctor of the Canton Ambulance Society. It is reported that the Chinese insist that another trial should be held, this time at the Portuguese Consular Court.\n\nNovember. A dispatch to that effect is said to have been sent by the Viceroy to the Portuguese Consul-General. A boycott of the steamer is also on the programme at the instigation of the Self-Government Association.\n\nH.E. Viceroy Chang has notified General and Military officials of all ranks in the Kwangtung Province that they must not attend strictly to their duties out of the State mourning in accordance with the law. All officials are requested to remain in their respective Bureaux and no leave of absence be granted.\n\nThe 72 Guild Tress comments on the decision of the Court as follows:\n\nIn reviewing the case in which the deceased was wounded by a kick he received near the heart from the foot of the accused, and also a blow given with the hand, both of which were causes of the man's death, it should be said that in both instances there were marks of injuries and there was the clear evidence of numerous persons proving it beyond doubt. Therefore it was impossible for the accused to be excused or held blameless. In reviewing the evidence given by the fellow passengers of the steamer, one of them not only said that the accused did not beat the man to death but that he did not beat anybody at all. The passenger died because he was ill when he went on board the steamer and he died a natural death. They actually hushed up a case of such grave importance. This can only be described as arbitrary, and treating the Chinese people with contempt. The evidence was false and trumped up and there were many contradictions.\n\nAt the conclusion of the enquiry, the British Consul-General said: The proceedings at this preliminary enquiry are not altogether regular, for two reasons: firstly, no definite charge has been framed against the watchman, Noronha, of having caused the death of this passenger. The Viceroy's letter simply states that a Chinese passenger on the Fatshan has been murdered by a foreigner; no further details are given. However, as I learnt from other sources that the watchman Noronha was accused of having done this thing, and as he voluntarily came to this Consulate-General and offered himself for investigation into the truth of the allegations against him, I decided to hold the enquiry.\n\nIn the second place, Noronha is a Portuguese subject and as such, if a serious charge of this nature is preferred against him, he should be tried by his own Consul. But I decided, in consultation with my Portuguese colleague, M. de Moraes, that, in view of the fact that the alleged criminal offence had been committed on board a British steamer by a person on that steamer's articles, and in view of the popular excitement prevailing in regard to this case, it would be expedient that I should first hold a preliminary inquiry into the circumstances attending the death of this passenger on the Fatshan. This I have done in as public and thorough a manner as possible. A deputy from the Viceroy has been present at the hearing, taking notes and cross-examining the witnesses. The public, including members of the Chinese press, have been allowed to be present and the Portuguese Consul-General has occupied a seat in Court.\n\nI have come to the conclusion, after carefully considering all the evidence that has been brought forward yesterday and to-day, that there is not sufficient evidence to justify me in handing over the accused to his Consul on a charge of having caused the death of this passenger. Of the 600 odd passengers on the Fatshan that night, only two came forward to testify that they had seen the accused assault the deceased, and their evidence, for reasons which I have mentioned before, I am bound to regard with grave suspicion. On the other hand, Dr. Davenport's evidence, given in the clearest and most explicit manner, goes to show that the deceased died a natural death. Under these circumstances, the accused, as far as the Court is concerned, is discharged. It is open to the Chinese Authorities, should they consider the result of this enquiry unsatisfactory, to charge the accused in the Portuguese Consular Court, where, I am sure, all charges made against him will receive an impartial and fair hearing. I will ask Mr. Greaves, Messrs. Butterfield and Swire's Agent, to hold himself responsible for Noronha's appearance when called upon.\n\nMr. Greaves gave the necessary assurance.\n\n## CHINESE COMMENTS ON THE CASE\n\nThe local Press is still publishing hostile articles concerning the matter, and a petition has been sent to the Viceroy praying that the body of the deceased may be exhumed and a fresh post-mortem examination held by three doctors, viz.\n\n## EXCITEMENT AT CANTON\n\nThere is great excitement in the City (writes our Canton correspondent) over the decision re the s.s. Fatshan incident. A boycott of the Sternhaut Company's entire fleet appears to be threatening.\n\nI have no doubt the excitement would soon fizzle out if the local authorities were to issue a proclamation explaining clearly to the public the facts of the inquiry or if the proceedings at the inquiry and the evidence of both foreign and Chinese witnesses were translated and published in the leading local papers.\n\nBelow is a translation of a circular issued by the Self-Government Association, which I give is apparently the first step towards a boycott movement:\n\nWe beg respectfully to inform the public that on the night of the 6th day of this moon (29th Nov.), a Chinaman was kicked to death by a foreigner on board the s.s. Fatshan. The following patriotic and eminent persons, viz., Yeong Wo Kai, Cheong Lau Ki, Tung Chun Kwan, and Tam Show Po, were strangers to the deceased, yet they possessed such patriotic and honourable feelings as to come forward as witnesses to give evidence in the case and petitioned the Authorities to obtain redress on behalf of the deceased. This really shows the sincerity of their feelings and ardent love of their country and their brethren.\n\nFrom inquiries made, we learn that all these patriots are business men. For several days they have wasted their precious time and toilsome labour. Those who are regarded as our brothers must really respect them. We have decided to invite these patriots to come to the Association on the 10th day of this moon (3rd instant) for the purpose of taking their photographs, which we will carefully preserve as a remembrance. We therefore invite all our brothers to attend at the Association on that day to pay their respects to them.\n\n## ENCOURAGING NATIVE INDUSTRY\n\nIn a dispatch sent to the Viceroy, the Board of Agriculture, Labour, and Commerce in the Kiang-su Province has stated that the cotton cloth manufactured in the above province is strong, fine, white, and its quality is far superior to that manufactured in Bombay. Hitherto, its consumption has been confined to several southern and eastern provinces, but of late years, this cloth has found its way into those provinces and has been ousting the native cloth. Recently, the Board has received several Imperial Edicts commanding them to encourage native manufactures.\n\nThe Board requests the Viceroy to give instructions to all Military and Police Departments and the Directors of Schools and Colleges in the Province of Kwangtung to purchase the native cloth manufactured in Kiang-su for the use of the military, police, and students. The Viceroy has issued an order to that effect.\n\n## BLACKMAIL\n\nThe International Banking Corporation has again received a letter demanding $100,000 blackmail to be paid within five days on account of a certain Shek Loong junk.\n\n## CANTON-HANKOW RAILWAY\n\nThe total sum of money due on the instalment of the shares of the Canton-Hankow Railway Company amounts to over $1,600,000, out of which about $1,300,000 has been collected by the Company up to the 30th day of the 10th moon (23rd instant). From this amount, the sum of $200,000 has been paid into the Company in drafts or promissory notes to be collected on the date.\n\n## THE FATSHAN LINE\n\nIt is reported that recently complaints have been made by many passengers of the Fatshan Railway of articles missing from the luggage cars.\n\nOwing to the recent increase of railway traffic, many steam launches have been placed on the Canton-Fatshan run, and, if stern measures are not taken to put a check to the pilfering, it is causing great annoyance to travellers, and the bulk of the passenger trade will fall into the hands of the steam launch owners.\n\n## OBJECTION TO A KEROSINE DEPOT\n\nA British firm purchased a piece of land at Samshui for the purpose of building a kerosine depot. The gentry there objected to a kerosine depot and applied to the Sam-shui Magistrate to issue an injunction restraining the firm from erecting the depot on the ground that \"kerosine is dangerous goods.\" The Magistrate reported the matter to the Viceroy, who directed the Provincial Treasurer to investigate and settle the question.\n\n## THE ENTHRONEMENT OF THE NEW EMPEROR\n\nThe Viceroy has received cables from Peking to notify the officials and people of the Kwangtung Province of the enthronement of the young Emperor, which will take place on the 1st day of the 1st moon, and that the Grand Council has decided that the two characters \"Shuen Tung\" shall be the title of the reign of the new Emperor. As it is customary in many lines of trade to use the title of the reigning Emperor on the goods manufactured, the cablegram expressly instructs His Excellency to issue proclamations to the public that all articles and goods now being manufactured for the forthcoming year must bear the title of the new Emperor.\n\n## NEW COINS\n\nThe Viceroy is also in receipt of instructions from the Board of Revenue...\n\n`Mr. Fox's dispatch No. 71 of December 9th, 1909`\n\n343\n\n`Mr. Fox to Viceroy Chang. (JAP 20 1909)`\n\nCanton, December 16th, 1909\n\nYour Excellency,\n\nI have the honour to acknowledge the receipt of Y.E.'s dispatch dated the 10th instant, in which you informed me that a Chinese passenger on the British steamer \"Fatshan\" had been kicked to death by a foreigner.\n\nOn receipt of this dispatch, I at once deputed Vice-Consul Porter to proceed to the Wharf, and in company with Deputy Haish and the Samshui Magistrate, hold an inquest on the body. Dr. Davenport, who had already made an examination that morning, went again to the \"Fatshan\" at the request of the Chinese Authorities and made a second examination in the presence of the officials...\n\nIn the meantime, I had summoned the Portuguese watchman Noronha, who was accused of having caused this passenger's death, and I fixed the following day at 10...",
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        "title": "CO129-361 - Public Offices - 1909",
        "content_text": "## \nof delegates, who are vested with power to deal with all local questions of public interest.\n\nThe actual executive power, however, rests with a committee or municipal council of six persons, three of whom are elected from amongst its own members by the assembly of delegates, two nominated by the director of railway and the president of the Chiao Shi Chu (or Provincial Board of Foreign Affairs), while the president of the committee is also a nominee of the assembly of delegates. The Chinese Government and the railway company have thus each their representative on the municipal council, but their powers do not stop there for the president of the Chiao Shi Chu and the director of the railway are, by articles 13 and 14 of the agreement, given a general right of control and personal supervision over the doings of the assemblies of delegates and can veto all decisions of the municipal committees, subject, however, to these decisions being sent back to the assemblies for further consideration and being made effective if adopted by a majority of three-fourths of the members.\n\nEven these official safeguards are not considered sufficient, and a still further check upon popular government is introduced into the 10th article, which stipulates, with what seems to be almost superfluous caution, that important questions having reference to public interest or the finances of the municipalities shall, after discussion by the assemblies of delegates, be referred for consideration and approval of the Chinese president of the railway company and the head office of the company at St. Petersburgh.\n\nSeeing that article 10 empowers the assemblies to deal with all local questions of public utility, it is at first sight hard to see how \"important questions of public interest\" can, consistently with that provision, be referred to the decision of another and higher body.\n\nThe explanation given to me by the Russian Minister is that article 15 is intended more especially to apply to municipal loans which it was not thought wise to entrust to interested people on the spot.\n\nIt should be remembered in passing that no Chinese president of the railway company at present exists, the 1st article of the 1896 agreement having fallen into desuetude. The idea in reviving the appointment is apparently to provide an equipoise on the Chinese side to the influence exercised by the head office of the railway at St. Petersburgh.\n\nArticle 16 limits the administration of the railway company to the properties specially set apart for railway purposes, and may thus be taken to define authoritatively the extent of \"le droit absolu exclusif de l'administration de ses terrains,\" which the company claimed under the 6th article of the original agreement of 1896.\n\n## \nArticle 17 is far the most important of all, and forms, together with the exchange of notes, the one essential safeguard for the protection of the treaty rights of other Powers. Much will depend upon the nature of the \"detailed regulations which it is proposed to elaborate, and, as they will deal with police organisation and taxation, it is to be presumed that they will be drawn up in consultation with the representatives of other Powers, or, at all events, be subject to their approval. Otherwise, as I have informed the Russian Minister, they will not be enforceable on the subjects of other nations through our consular courts.\n\nIt seems to me almost impracticable to graft upon the present agreement any rules which will give these municipal bodies a truly international character, but it may perhaps be possible to devise some means whereby other foreigners may be able to live and trade with a tolerable degree of freedom and comfort under a species of Chinese and Russian condominium, tempered with a certain amount of self-government.\n\nThe Russian Minister here realises that other Powers will expect to have a voice in the framing of the \"detailed regulations,\" and, in view of all the interests at stake, it seems important that the American and British Ministers in particular should be authorised to watch the negotiations, and do what is possible to protect the Treaty rights of their nationals.\n\nIt is important to note that, pending the framing of \"detailed rules,\" the existing municipal regulations, to which such serious exception has been taken, are to remain in force, subject to certain modifications provided for in article 18 of the present agreement. Considering the difficulties which are likely to be experienced in framing the \"detailed rules,\" this provisional arrangement may last for some time, and its working will be required to be carefully watched.\n\nThe recognition of Chinese sovereign rights over the railway territory, which is so positively affirmed in this agreement, is, I understand, viewed with considerable concern by the Japanese Minister, who foresees the possibility of the extension of the principle to the Japanese settlements on the South Manchurian Railway.\n\nAs China succeeded in obliging Japan to accept the terms of her arrangement with Russia for telegraphs in Manchuria, so she doubtless hopes by the same means to secure the adhesion of Japan to this modified interpretation of the 1896 railway agreement. But the task will be a much more difficult one, as the Japanese communities have taken firm root on the soil of China, and Japan has always shown a marked disinclination to join in any form of international settlement wherever her people could find a way of living apart under their own institutions. Politically, too, she will probably see strong objections to recognising China as the paramount lord of the railway territory.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n## Inclosure 1 in No. 1.\n\nJ. N. JORDAN,\n\n**Preliminary Agreement, signed at Peking, May 10, 1909.**\n\nDES divergences d'opinion s'étant produites dans l'interprétation du contrat pour la construction et l'exploitation du Chemin de Fer de l'Est de la 22° année de Kuang Hsu, 8 lune, 2o jour (27 août, 1896), les Gouvernements de Chine et de Russie ont arrêté, au sujet de l'organisation des municipalités sur les terrains du dit chemin de fer, les dispositions générales suivantes :-----\n\n1. Comme principe fondamental, les droits souverains de la Chine sont reconnus sur les terrains du chemin de fer; aucun préjudice ne peut leur être porté.\n\n2. La Chine prend toutes mesures émanant de ses droits souverains sur les terrains du chemin de fer, et la direction du chemin de fer ou les municipalités ne peuvent sous aucun prétexte s'opposer à ces mesures tant que les dites mesures ne sont pas contraires aux contrats conclus avec la Société du Chemin de Fer chinois de l'Est.\n\n3. Les contrats du Chemin de Fer chinois de l'Est actuellement existants demeurent en pleine vigueur.\n\n4. Les lois ou ordonnances et les mesures législatives résultant des droits souverains de la Chine sont rédigées et publiées par les fonctionnaires chinois sous forme de proclamation.\n\n5. Les hauts fonctionnaires chinois et agents officiels visitant les terrains du chemin de fer seront accueillis par la direction de chemin de fer et les municipalités avec tous les égards et la déférence de rigueur.\n\n6. Des organisations municipales sont établies dans les centres commerciaux d'une certaine importance situés sur les terrains du chemin de fer. Les habitants de ces centres commerciaux, suivant l'importance des localités et le nombre des habitants, nomment par voie d'élection des délégués qui choisissent un comité exécutif; ou bien, les habitants eux-mêmes participent aux affaires municipales et un représentant est élu parmi eux, lequel se charge d'exécuter les résolutions prises par l'assemblée de tous les habitants.\n\n7. Il n'est fait aucune différence sur les terrains du chemin de fer entre la population chinoise et celle des autres nationalités; tous les habitants jouissent des mêmes droits et sont soumis aux mêmes obligations.\n\n8. Le droit d'électeur appartient à tout membre de la communauté qui est propriétaire d'un immeuble d'une valeur fixe ou qui paye un loyer et une taxe annuels déterminés.\n\n9. Le président est élu par l'assemblée des délégués et choisi parmi eux, sans distinction de nationalité.\n\n10. Toutes les questions locales d'utilité publique sont de la compétence de l'assemblée des délégués. Les institutions qui n'intéressent qu'une partie des habitants, telles qu'églises, chambres de commerce, écoles, établissements de charité, etc., sont entretenues par cette partie des habitants, au moyen de cotisations.\n\n11. L'assemblée des délégués choisit dans son milieu et sans distinction de nationalité les membres chargés de la gestion des affaires municipales; leur nombre ...",
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        "content_text": "# \n24 \n\nretinue. Business with China is carried on viâ Schönn mu, said to be four days' riding to the south (and within the Wall). In spite of its proximity to China we had the greatest difficulty in finding any one who spoke Chinese. Leaving the Yamen we struck south-west, and three hours later reached the lama temple of Kandshur with a population of fifty. Close by is a small stream abounding in geese, fish-hawks, and mandarin duck. The ground all the way was heavy with alkaline salt, which often gave to the country the deceptive appearance of a lake. We slept the night at the Mongol farm of Iloloi, one and a-half hours beyond Kandshur; here I was attacked, when on foot, by five fierce dogs, which got between me and the caravan, and was forced to shoot one in order to save my life.\n\nMay 6.--The dust and the bitterly cold wind ceased and were succeeded by great heat. The land became soft and good in places with a small amount of water; it would seem therefore, capable of supporting a much larger population. A group of six trees in a hollow show that trees will grow if given the opportunity.\n\nDuring the morning we passed the Gurdun temple with a population of only six lamas. Just before reaching the temple a small stream is crossed in a depression, the water winding its way through red sands to join the Ulan Muran. The temple stands among some fine trees. Two hours and a-half later we reached the residence of the Prince of Djussak which is situated on a slight eminence and is visible from some distance. The residence resembles those of the other Princes. The Prince had not up to then been to the Wataishan but was expected to go shortly to see the Dalai Lama. We halted for the night at the tribal temple, two hours west of the Princely residence. There are some hundred lamas there, of whom some are said to belong to the monasteries of Wutaishan.\n\nMay 7.--We went in a south-westerly direction keeping a conspicuous obo and white temple below it to our right and ascended a ridge on the top of which among some trees we passed the ruins of a temple, attacked, looted, and burnt by robbers forty years ago. To our left lay the small lake of Baga noor. The country is rough and wholly uncultivated even round the few Mongol cabins scattered about; sandy soil everywhere and at times all vegetation ceases and huge sand hillocks are passed among or over which the track winds. Water can be found at intervals. We stopped for the night close to the small lake of Chagan noor; the country is white with saline efflorescence. During the morning we passed two temples, those of Onkar and Togoru, both well furnished as regards shrines, scrolls, and temple musical instruments. En route we passed a Chinese itinerant merchant, the first caravan we have met in the Ordos. He had come from Wutaishan and was travelling slowly in a south-westerly direction selling pots, pans, beads, trinkets, tobacco, and general supplies to the Mongols. He had eight camels and as many ponies.\n\nAt Chagan noor we slept at the house of a Chinaman, a native of Shensi, who has been here six years and is employed in making salt bricks. These he sends by camel to Kweihuacheng and Peking. His business arose out of the Boxer troubles. For the damage wrought to the Belgian Mission stations in 1900, the Princes of Djassak, Wushin, and Ottok were ordered by the Central Government to pay 250,000 taels as indemnity; the Princes were to pay 70,000, 80,000 and 100,000 taels respectively. They could only raise 190,000 taels altogether; the Shensi merchants came to their assistance and lent the remaining 60,000 taels receiving in return this salt concession for twenty-seven years. They then placed this man in charge of the work. There seems to have been some trouble with the Mongols when he first arrived which necessitated the presence of soldiers, but all ill-feeling is said to have died away. The salt is taken in the winter time when the lake is frozen, the layer of salt and dust being taken from the top, boiled and the pure salt obtained. Nine huge pans are used, each pan being able to turn out five bricks a day. (See `Industries`.)\n\nMay 8.--We left in a westerly direction across a plain covered with brushwood, some of the ground being so marshy that the camels sank deep into it and could not rise until their loads had been removed. Vast stretches of saline efflorescence at times. In the afternoon the ground began to rise steadily and the sands recommenced. We completely lost our way looking for the residence of the Prince of Washin and had the utmost difficulty in finding a night's shelter. Eventually a very poor yourt called Shi wa was discovered in a coppice. We had great difficulty here in getting a reply to our questions as to distances. What can the traveller make of the answer, \"Ride pony twice run\"? The distance was short, a morning's ride, but can the stranger guess that?\n\nMay 9.--After four hours' marching to the west we reached the Wushin tribal temple standing among some magnificent trees. The number of lamas cannot be less than 400 here. They were exceedingly unfriendly and almost troublesome. We found we had come out of our way again but the lamas refused to show us the right road to the Prince's residence and professed ignorance of what we wanted. They hustled us in short from the temple. We subsequently learnt that the Prince was actually on a visit to the temple and was living in one of the buildings.\n\nRetracing our steps somewhat we found ourselves on the road to Yulinfu, and turned south over hills resembling a Surrey heath. In the late evening we sighted a well-to-do farm to our left called Ba la be-be su; here we halted and were received with the utmost friendliness. We found that we had been quite close last night to the old residence (Chiu se fu) of the Washin Prince, but that His Highness has recently moved southwards.\n\nMay 10.--Leaving early, we rejoined the high road and kept southward. Occasional waterholes by the roadside show that water is obtained by caravans by digging, but that it is scarce. Travelling slowly through the loose sand we ascended to a conspicuous obo on the top of a ridge, and here turned off from the track towards the south-west and came through a narrow marshy strip to the residence of the Wushin Prince after an eight hours' march. The buildings stand on open ground, close to, and slightly above, an old lake bed, a portion of which is still marshy. The buildings, courtyard, and temple, are surrounded by a low brick wall. The population only amounted to three souls, one of whom was an aged lama, another the Prince's nephew, and the third a distant relative. The Prince is boycotted by his subjects because he has surrendered the land of the tribe to the Chinese Government; they refuse to do any work for His Highness, and the yamên has had to be closed. In spite of the absence of the Prince at the tribal temple (he is said to be supervising some rebuilding there) we pitched our tents in the courtyard, much to the annoyance of His Highness's pet monkey which made itself a great nuisance.\n\nBoth yesterday and to-day we passed great quantities of carcases and bones of horses, sheep and cattle lying about. It appears there has been a plague and great mortality amongst the beasts in the districts. The Mongols know of no remedy, and do nothing to check such a plague; the animals just die and the plague stops when it likes.\n\nMay 11.--The present given not being considered sufficient, the Prince's nephew tried to be disagreeable and asked for our passports. As the camels were already loaded, and in view of the real cause of the request, I did not consider it necessary to satisfy a belated curiosity. Leaving in a south-westerly direction, we came in the afternoon into a well-defined road leading to Ninghsiafu. The country was covered with hills of driftsand and a great quantity of brushwood. No water was visible, though this could doubtless be obtained by digging; the track was unusually difficult owing to the sand. Antelope were sighted twice during the day; they had also been seen yesterday close to the Princely residence. We had great difficulty in finding water in the evening, but after a long search discovered a brackish pool hidden away among the hills to our left.\n\nMay 12.--The heat during the day is already very great and uncomfortable unless a breeze blows; the brushwood is rapidly putting out green, and the wild apricot trees in blossom; the wild flowers, such as crocuses, irises, dandelions, and violets, are also coming out. The track to the south-west is some 18 feet wide and unmistakable. It is entirely covered with driftsand, so that travelling is very slow. In the early afternoon we left the sandy hillocks and came on to a wide plain, at the end of which we sighted the Temple of Haliutai on a slight eminence, beyond which the ground slopes down again at once to cross the small stream of the Wutingho which flows south-east to the Hoangho. The temple contains over 300 lamas; we had been warned against them as being unfriendly, but we did not stay long enough for them to show any dislike. The temple is said to be in the happy position of belonging neither to the Chinese Government nor to any of the Princes--to be wholly independent in fact with a small amount of land round it. I do not imagine, however, that this so-called independence is of any account. Crossing the Wutingho we turned off, 25 minutes later, to two Mongol cabins to the left, where we stayed the night. The name of the cabins is also Haliutai.\n\nMay 13.--After three hours marching we passed Shine Sume \"New Temple,\" a regular village of huts round the temple housing some 150 lamas. There are some fine trees round the buildings. Two hours and a half later we came to the foot of a steep ridge, on the top of which we kept for a couple of hours, descending then to cross the Naringol, a stream some 30 feet wide and several inches in depth. It winds over marshy ground to the south and is a home for the Mandarin duck. We stayed the night at a ...\n\n25 \n## \n[2155 6-1]",
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        "content_text": "## Kiangpei\nA \"tsung kuan kao tien\" was opened in the city the year before last; its representatives in the market towns were the local headmen. The competition of the smuggled drug was too strong, and the present stock in the \"tien\" is 100,000 oz.\n\n## Question 10 - What taxes is it proposed to introduce to replace the revenue derived from opium and opium dens?\n\n### Replies\n\nLiangshan.--No new taxes have been suggested on land apart from that levied for railway construction, which is half as much as the original land tax. In addition to this, taxes have been levied on the paper industry, which has given rise to considerable friction. Salt has also been more heavily taxed at the source of supply.\n\nTung Hsiang.--No information.\n\nK'ui Hsien--I have not heard of any suggestions.\n\nWan Hsien.--No other taxation has been proposed as yet, but heavier tax on opium consumed has so far resulted in a large increase to the authorities.\n\nFengtu.--No arrangements made for substituting other taxes.\n\nFuchou.--Official idea is to increase li-kin, e.g., an addition of 4 cash per catty on salt. If taxation assessed as follows were imposed: i.e., 300 cash per \"tso\" of wine, 200 cash per \"cha\" of oil, with 3 to 4 cash per \"tso\" and \"cha\" for petty expenses and 500 cash per pig, and the whole were handed over to Government, it should be possible to make up the opium revenue.\n\nChungchou.--Possible substitutes for opium revenue are taxes on boats, houses, and land.\n\nShih Chu Ting--The country south of Shih Chu Ting produces very good tea, and the Viceroy has ordered increased cultivation; the mulberry does well and can also be extended. Officials look to taxation on these two products to make up loss of opium revenue.\n\nNan Chuan--Suggests taxation on wine, oil, pigs, paper, tea, iron, and coal as follows: 400 cash per \"tso\" of wine, 200 cash per \"cha\" of oil, with an allowance per \"tso\" and \"cha\" combined of 800 to 400 cash for petty expenses, 500 cash per pig, 48 cash per picul of paper, 750 cash per picul of tea, 10 cash per picul of iron, and 7 cash per picul of coal. An additional li-kin of 100 cash per head of cattle, 100 cash per pig, and 200 cash per head on water buffaloes might also be introduced, and the combined total derived from all the items mentioned should slightly exceed the opium revenue, provided the whole were handed over to Government.\n\nPa Hsien Suggestions.--Increased taxation on sugar, oil, and salt, and, if this should be insufficient, the addition of a house tax and a levy on prostitutes. For the people, it is suggested that they should improve their methods of agriculture, and experiment with sericulture, forestry, and tea planting.\n\nKiangpei.--Suggests increase of land tax, and, if that should not be sufficient, addition to the taxation on oil, pigs, and salt.\n\n## Remarks on the above\n\nIt is my intention to offer below some personal and general observations on the whole question of opium reform in this province; but it will be desirable, in the first instance, to invite attention to certain matters having special reference to the information of my correspondents above given. They are:\n\n1. **Sources of Information**.--The details in regard Liangshan, Tung Hsiang, K'ai Hsien, and Wan Hsien were kindly furnished me by members of the China Inland Mission; while the information as to Fengtu, Fuchou, Chungchou, Shih Chu Ting, Nan Chuan, Pa Hsien, and Kiangpei comes from Chinese through the agency, in the case of the first five places named, of a member of the London Mission.\n\n2. **Area under Opium Cultivation**.--Opium is grown in all parts of Szechuan, but the most renowned districts are--\n   | District | Description |\n   | --- | --- |\n   | (a) | The Hsi Ting (Suiting) Prefecture, which includes Tung Hsiang, Taiping, K'ai Hsien, and Wan Hsien. |\n   | (b) | The Chungchou Sub-Prefecture, including Fengtu, Tien Chiang, and Liangshan. |\n   | (c) | The Fuchou Sub-Prefecture. |\n   | (d) | Yung Ch'uan Hsien. |\n   | (e) | The Chien Chou Sub-Prefecture, which is not under the Ch'uan Tung taotai. |\n   |  | The Hsu Ting Prefecture. |\n\nIn amplification of the information already given in regard to various places in this prefecture, I should mention that the informant to whom I am indebted for the particulars obtained as to Liangshan states in the body of his letter as follows:-\n\"In your postscript, you also ask for information from Tung Hsiang and Taiping. I regret to say that my knowledge of these two districts is very superficial, having merely gathered in the course of conversation with the worker stationed in Tung Hsiang that little or nothing was being done to stop the sale or growth in these two hsiens.\" This seems to be generally true of all the large opium-growing districts in this part of the province. K'ai Hsien and Tien Chiang, with whom we join borders, rank with the above two 'hsiens' in being the main sources of the opium supply. To say that little or nothing is being done to restrict the growth or sale of the drug is to repeat the common report of those who trade or journey in these parts, and not to give first-hand information arrived at by personal observation and enquiry.\n\nAnother correspondent from Hsi Ting, quoting from information supplied, mentions a very slight reduction in Ta Hsien, Tung Hsiang, Ch'ü Hsien, and Taiping, and a distinct reduction in Hsin Ning Hsien, Ta Chu Hsien, and Cheng K'ou Ting, all of which places are in the prefecture. The information as regards Tung Hsiang, however, does not agree with the statement of the missionary gentlemen working in that district.\n\nYung Chuan--Reports from various sources are to the effect that the poppy was very extensively grown in this district, and that there was a considerable increase over the previous year.\n\nConsidering only the places the particulars as to which form a preface to this report, it will be noted that in three of them alone is there any mention of a decrease, namely, Fengtu, Chungchou, and Shih Chu Ting, the last having the same area under cultivation as in the season of 1907.\n\n3. **Comparison of Estimated Profits on Opium and other Crops**.--The estimates of different informants vary, but a rough average makes the profits on opium three to four times as great as on pulse and cereals.\n\n## Observations\n\nI pass now to a general consideration of the opium question in Szechuan, and the remarks thereon will conveniently fall under the following heads:\n\n* Measures for prevention of opium smoking.\n* Area under opium cultivation.\n* Taxation in substitution of opium revenue.\n* The position of the Szechuan farmers.\n* The effect of opium eradication on the economic conditions of Szechuan.\n* Difficulties and prospects.\n\n1. **Measures for Prevention of Opium Smoking**.--The particulars with which this report opens do not encourage the hope that much has been done in Ch'uan Tung to exert a real check upon indulgence in the drug. Indeed, if Chungking may be taken as an example, I know of no better criticism on the steps taken than the Chinese aphorism, \"Yu ming wu shih,\" i.e., the measures adopted have had effect in name, but not in fact.\n\nChungking has had its \"tu hang,\" or raw opium depôt, under official control, a head official prepared opium store (\"tsung kuan kao tien\"), four branch stores (\"fen kuan kao tien\"), licensed opium dens, and \"pi fa tian.\" There remain at present the raw opium depôt and the head prepared opium store, and this is the net result: the smoker has been, and is, able to get all the opium he wants without application to any official institution, the city is honeycombed with secret dens, and the head prepared opium store has a large stock in hand of which it has been unable to dispose for some months. The doings of the deputy in charge of this store have been similar to those of his confrères at Chengtu. The drug was offered for sale at ...",
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        "title": "CO129-363 - Public Offices & Others - 1909",
        "content_text": "10 \n\nIndian yarn; while it is evident that the poorer the people the smaller their taxable capacity.\n\n6. Difficulties and Prospects.-The difficulties in the way of opium reform in Szechuan have been mostly indicated when considering the preventive smoking measures, the position of the farmer, the question of taxation, and the effect which total prohibition will have on commercial and fiscal arrangements generally. Hence the existence of secret opium dens and other conditions entirely at variance with official proclamations and protestations. As things now stand, proclamations and regulations are of little solid account. The important point is whether the total prohibition of cultivation is, at the present time, a practicable possibility. There is room for very considerable doubt, and it is the irony of fate that complete suppression will fall most heavily on the three distant provinces of Szechuan, Kweichow, and Yunnan. The communications in all are bad and difficult, and the two latter are in their present undeveloped state poor provinces, each receiving a large annual contribution from Szechuan.\n\nFollowing in the footsteps of Hsi Liang, the last Viceroy of Yunnan, the Viceroy of Szechuan has sent forth a fiat ordering that no poppy shall be planted this autumn in the province under his jurisdiction. A viceregal proclamation, dated the 4th August, and posted in Chungking, threatens that the poppy will be trampled down, and that land-owner, tenant, and headman will all be fined and punished. It does not, however, carry a threat of confiscation of the land as does a proclamation recently issued by the Pa Hsien, which also asserts that guarantees have been furnished by the headmen of the various localities undertaking to prevent cultivation. Time alone will show to what extent these commands have been obeyed; but it may be mentioned that the Pa Hsien is shortly to vacate his post, and it is not of good augury that in Ch'uan Tung the progress made towards the restriction of cultivation the season before last was sacrificed in 1909, and that no effective steps have been taken to check indulgence in the drug.\n\nA somewhat more hopeful story is told by Mr. Smith's correspondence in his thirteenth opium report, and a considerable improvement is noted at Shih Ch'uan, Ngan Hsien, Paoning, Kuan Hsien, Tzu Chou, and Mien Chu. All these places, however, are in the silk district, while Tzu Chou has sugar and Kuan Hsien medicines. Important, perhaps, still is the fact that, with the exception of Paoning, they are all in the circuit of the Cheng-Mien-Lung-Mao taotai, which office is now associated with the taotaiship of industries, the incumbent being resident at Ch'engtu under the eye of the Viceroy. I am told also that none of these districts are considered to be large opium-producing centres, and the same is said of Suifu, Luchow, and Fushun. The two former report a largely reduced area under cultivation, and Fushun no poppy at all. It may be here permitted to allude to one of these anomalies which ever beset the path of enquiry into things Chinese, namely, that at Suifu, which is at the junction of the land and water route to and from Kweichow and Yunnan, most of the opium consumed comes from the former provinces. In fact, in Szechuan generally the well-to-do classes prefer the Yunnan drug, which, though more expensive, is superior in quality to the local article.\n\nA factor which cannot be neglected in considering the difficulties in the way of the opium reform movement in Szechuan is the will of the people. Mr. Phillips in his report on the subject for November and December last, instances the case of Yung Ch'uan Hsien, where a newly arrived magistrate showed himself over-zealous, and had to be removed to appease the populace. The Chinese up to a certain point, and within somewhat extended limits, are a patient race; but the degree to which they will tolerate the increased taxation rendered necessary by opium and other reforms is a cause of some anxiety. Leaving aside the addition of 3 cash a catty on salt, three new taxes have been introduced at Chungking since my arrival in April last. The first, a tax on pigs of 100 cash per head, was imposed for the benefit of the self-government assembly; the second, a charge on tea-shops of 10 cash per table per diem, was necessitated by the loss of revenue attendant upon the closing of the opium dens, and is levied for the purpose of the new police force; the third is the further levy of 200 cash on pigs for remittance to the Board of Finance. A fourth impost is that reported by my predecessor in his intelligence report for the December quarter 1908, and is in form somewhat similar to a graduated income tax, the proceeds to go to the self-government assembly. What do the people get in return for these imposts? Opium, their most valuable crop, is threatened with extinction, and for the rest, allowing that something has been done for the beggars, vagabonds, and needy poor, and in the matter of street-lighting, the city of Chungking is, as stated in my intelligence report to which reference has already been made, as dirty and malodorous as it was five years ago, while the new police have sadly degenerated.\n\n11 \n\nThe question as to what is to take the place of opium has already received some attention, and the ideas of various correspondents have been stated. Silk is the staple industry of Szechuan, and that it is capable of expansion would seem to be beyond doubt. Sir Alexander Hosie, in his report on the province (“China,” No. 5, 1904), which was written before the question of opium suppression had arisen, expressed the opinion that \"the present number of trees could be quadrupled without injury to the usual crops, and the silk production correspondingly increased.\" In another place, speaking of the methods of reeling, he says: \"It seems to me that foreign reeling plant might be introduced into the province with advantage to home engineering establishments and the natives engaged in the silk industry.\" Chinese authorities would appear not to be in ignorance of the possibility of further development, and some steps have been taken, in the shape of schools, for instructing the uncultured in the methods of sericulture. Private enterprise, too, has not been wanting. It would, however, be unwise to be optimistic. The radical change in the commercial and fiscal conditions of Szechuan which I have shown will result from the abolition of opium is a serious matter, and capitalists and markets are not found in a day. In so far as Ch'uan Tung is concerned, there is, as has been previously stated, every reason to think that, should the poppy not be allowed, its place in the near future must mainly be taken by the customary winter crops of pulse, cereals, and rape.\n\nIn the light of all that has been said, it will be easy to realise that the task which the Chinese authorities have set themselves to perform in Szechuan is one of exceeding difficulty. We know that the order has been given that no poppy shall be planted this autumn, and can only wait upon events. Personally I do not consider that total prohibition is possible, and the opinion of a Chinaman who has given some thought to the matter is that the cause of opium reform in this province rests very largely on the adequacy or otherwise of the measures now taken. He holds that total prohibition of cultivation is the only effective measure, and that, if the area under poppy is reduced 70 or 80 per cent. during the coming winter, and if there is no relaxation thereafter, success will be attained, but that if there is to be further vacillation and laxity on the part of the officials failure will threaten.\n\nIn conclusion I may state that, the report of impending total prohibition having reached the south, orders were recently received from Kuangtung, Kuangsi, and elsewhere for supplies of opium to the value of 700,000 taels or more.\n\nH. E. SLY.\n\nChungking, September 18, 1909.\n\n249",
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        "content_text": "## Step 1\nThe task requires proofreading OCR output of historical records relating to Hong Kong. The first step is to analyze the given text and identify the necessary corrections.\n\n## Step 2\nThe given text appears to be a jumbled collection of words and phrases, likely resulting from OCR errors. The task is to reconstruct sentences and paragraphs while preserving the original content and structure.\n\n## Step 3\nUpon closer inspection, it becomes clear that the text is heavily fragmented and contains a mix of languages, including English and Chinese, as well as some nonsensical characters.\n\n## Step 4\nTo begin proofreading, we need to identify and correct obvious errors, such as misspelled words, incorrect spacing, and garbled characters.\n\n## Step 5\nHowever, given the highly fragmented and corrupted nature of the input text, it's challenging to reconstruct coherent sentences or paragraphs without more context.\n\n## Step 6\nSince the input text is too corrupted and doesn't form coherent sentences or paragraphs, we will directly provide the output in Markdown format as per the instructions.\n\n\n479 \n\nMoha worthy possess result (e con hút, completion for the La Leaving its great reluctance \"from whom always feet Le dock Zhe ability nigh themselves & the Joh Butt to worth in any specially where a Kaneper to government Chi maumbert are add it on al mhachadh, and ally wha information is required. deports, I contine mit to you though most regretfully to have \n\nImage Imatah Love. Veledules. would not be Lu Todafer plan (as giving pull the results to both undes, That work completed Hongkong with an aja affective & independant check. would for could turn a fach In case careful persons for some conant & compli formly wis touches simple enough \n\n...",
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        "document_key": "CO129-366 - Governor Sir Lugard Acting Governor May - 1910 [4-5]",
        "page_number": 311,
        "title": "CO129-366 - Governor Sir Lugard Acting Governor May - 1910 [4-5]",
        "content_text": "# 308\n\n## M\n\n2 oder? rejenom A si vd her Bii! Al Khorr \n\nfakeabesnih on fa es (2081,20 TRWA INDES to dog qaeb* 6 Oro 16sual efs TUK LATİSARKAVÍA” *** II: a do odz \n\nmola MobiZHOU TO\" SwartkwO NAİNNAD ed Earl hipon \n\n,\"yvelan #Diablovem: Bra możnatonih vrsntellenų for \n\n## 14 \n\nIOSRED [ \n\n* \n\nF \n\ncat-0 reletof eta 87 odkveeh #mi ** I\" -15.OT SU \n\nngi el a oux ma oto: I WIND geef or beloqotę smic eno\" rezovalo laga! : *o a«l-Dusheth zardymofob ass MÌ* \n\nJutem não p \n\n.hoirs bist aw nalot bra banova zni” \n\n. \n\noo herrene 4 DA. Yesito 14 marvo nesving a to* :01% Joello\" ot walt b route ut et ji s \n\n### 03 \n\n1 An \n\nteen,snāro most grefo \n\nou à her to ytl encog\" \n\nhoom gel. uh Two mi atm not ari ne: Talhada nenju \n\nable of moktosipo end \n\nont amint or be cide\" \n\nGulf 10 UNENİ YİTan o't priori i to kurth eile cau eresbos \n\n10% Tat*:0 poris to functo0 miz Meh se doves de 2200* \n\nbob, and \n\n# \n\nVi \n\nD \n\n(@asking to \n\nRENTOT Tovnað era font tasiMO NELLA \n\n9.f. ,heautogge as. duet Telusco) the iw so zojnegeri* \n\nする \n\n-to bsTINOTOS M3 1 San¿bevores ad obrow y#!ual?*lb\" \n\njoɔkanutni no emusia zu penso pár duda envonih zimi * ansedeti down to sorozat 1 o7stvdo aurlz bus' \n\nDexi \n\nʊ :o? no coo[wol\" waerisa ki hfed ad Jars Tenter ** 00* \"eoitām vi\" Ib gld-1sQUINÉ aoris : & I dolly w** \n\nTheno¶v og met I er mitto Isinolob est \n\n60row and gert wled. ‚¿PEI (\"POST, \n\n-8zeblamos er \"ot moijmennira »'monsnsdofl . 27 second flowe ovisno le me \" ng von scorno de 20 noir- HASUJ ERGĖScnetdo sdr mont sort „Ivizena moo su blwow◄ \n\n\"ymodel «ˆt nå ivanuh sestigo 4 to sue oniouqs mifý denkeys\" \n\nSuno (NT 7.0* SI I \n\n.bu qt Mauer \n\n## Inclosure \n\n2 in No. 11 \n\nSir B. Robertson reported to Sir T. Wade on the 18th January, 1876, that he was \"still \n\n## Inclosure \n\n2 in No.12 \n\nof opinion that the remedy will be found in the appointment of a European Chinese Consul or Vice-Consul, whose duty it would be to check the cargoes of Junks and report thereon to the Customs Authorities at Canton. This would at least be a legitimate plan and such as practised by the U. S. Consul in cases of vessels arriving from and clearing for America\". \n\nOn the 8th February, 1876, Mr. P. Ryrie, the Chairman of the Hongkong General Chamber of Commerce, wrote to the Earl of Carnarvon, with reference to the proposed establishment of a branch of the Foreign Customs Inspectorate in Hongkong, that the Chamber earnestly hoped that the proposal would never receive the consent of His Majesty's Government. \"Such an establishment\" he added, \"would not attain the object in view, that of freeing merchandise after leaving this Colony from further impositions; it would divest the Colony of every vestige of its pretensions to a free port and, which is a still more serious objection, would involve a loss of dignity to the Crown, subvert the Royal authority among the native population of the colony, lower the respect in which the British Government is now held, and render of no avail the protection which it extends to the thousands of Chinese located here\". \n\nMeanwhile, it was discovered by the investigations of Sir B. Robertson that the native trade between Hongkong and the mainland of China was subjected to the payment of double duty, that is to say, the Foreign Tariff Duties imposed under the Treaty of Tientsin on the trade carried on with China by British subjects, in addition to the \"nei ti shu\" (內地稅) or native ...",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-371 - Public Offices - 1910",
        "page_number": 562,
        "title": "CO129-371 - Public Offices - 1910",
        "content_text": "Enclosure 4 in No. 1.\n\nMr. Herts to Mr. Carey.\n\nJanuary 17, 1910.\n\nPLEASE refer to my demi-official letter dated the 28th August, 1909. Wilson has sent a Lashi named Chawm Tung Bawm, of Lungbang, on the Upper Ngawchang Kha, with a letter addressed to Rose, which I am forwarding to you original under a separate registered cover. The letter is written in Chinese on a piece of board, and purports to be a petition from the inhabitants of five villages on the above-named stream, complaining that the headman of Tengkeng, situated on the Salween in China, has burnt the village of Upper (or West) Hpimaw and threatens to destroy their villages. The names in Lashi of the five villages are Hpimaw (East), Kalam (East and West), Htantung and Lamyaw. As is not usual the Chinese names of the villages are different from the local Yawyin or Lashi names.\n\nA copy of the statement made by the messenger to Mr. Wilson, which is substantially the same as he has stated to me here, is also forwarded.\n\nThe elders of the five villages are said to have met at the village of Iltumshing and there to have got two Chinese traders, Ton San Ye and Chu Laopan, to write the letter.\n\nThe burning of Hpimaw appears to have taken place more than a month ago. After the destruction of the village the headman (or chief) of Tengkeng returned to China, but his men, some hundreds of them in all, it is said, are still in Lower Hpimaw and Hpawdi. The messenger took nine days to come here.\n\nIt is evident, if the above is true (and I have no doubt that it is substantially so), that we cannot permit the Chinese to remain in occupation of the Ngawchang Valley, for if we do, we shall not be able to make good our claim to the Irrawady-Salween Divide as the boundary between the two Empires. I can see no course open to us, therefore, but to dispatch a column without delay to compel the Chinese to return to their country, and to place beyond possibility of future question that the whole of the basin of the Irrawady belongs to us.\n\nI leave it to you to communicate with Rose on the subject of this letter, if you consider it necessary to do so.\n\nThe villages of Tengkeng, Tangtung, Lungpang (Langbang) and Hpimaw are shown in the map attached to the red book on the joint survey of the Burmah-Yunnan boundary by British and Chinese officials in 1905, in which book the claim of the Tengkeng headman to the Upper Ngawchang Valley and the advantages of the above-named boundary are discussed at length. From the opinion of the British officials who took part in the joint survey that the adoption of any other frontier will be highly detrimental to the interests of Burmah, I do not think that anyone will dissent.\n\nA translation of the Chinese letter is attached.\n\nEnclosure 5 in No. 1.\n\nTranslation of Chinese letter addressed to Acting Consul Rose.\n\nTHE humble petition of the elders of villages situated on the upper waters of the Hsiao Chiang (small river, i.e., the Ngawchang Kha) addressed to the British consul at Tengyuch.\n\nAbout the 15th day of the 9th month the headman of Tengkeng, named Twanhwe, collecting a force of 300 Yawyins and 200 of his own people, came and attacked our villages, He set fire to and entirely destroyed one village which consists of houses with thatch roofs. We are in great danger and our people have been scattered by this inroad into our country. He has also killed all our domestic animals such as pigs, fowls, and dogs, and taken our provisions. We therefore petition to your Honour to pity us, and to restore peace and order in our unhappy valley. Our villages lie within British territory and we humbly request that you will be kind enough to pay them a visit. We do not know why the Tengkeng headman is oppressing us by raiding our villages. We have no intercourse with his villages nor is there any feud between us. Our territory lies within the Kaoliang Pass Pillar and is watered by the Hsiao Chiang (Ngawchang Kha). We are unable to resist his attacks, so we petition your Honour to be kind enough to visit our country, which is in a very disturbed state, and to help us.\n\nThe headman in question is also said to have threatened the people living on the other side of the river (Ngawchang Kha). Our country does not belong to him, so we request you to come to us.\n\nWe are the elders and villagers of Tumaw, Kwankwan, Shanglaw, Kachi, and Shijang.\n\nDated the 1st year, 10th month, 26th day of the reign of Sein Ton.\n\nEnclosure 6 in No. 1.\n\nStatement made to Mr. Wilson, Assistant Superintendent, Sadon, by Chawm Tung Baum, of Lungbang.\n\nLABAU NU, Duwa of Lajawng, has brought in a Lashi named Chawm Tung Bawm, of Lungbang, a village near Hpimaw, to the British consul at Tengyuch. I have questioned Labau Nu and Chawm Tung Bawn carefully, and they furnish the following information:\n\n\"As the Lashis of Hpimaw and some fourteen or fifteen villages have not paid tribute for the last three or four years the Tengkeng fuyi about two months ago got together 500 men (Chinese, Black Lisu, Maru, and Lashi) and threatened to burn down the villages which refused to pay tribute. The Lashis on our side of the frontier got information of the fuyi's intentions from their friends and relations who live on the Chinese side, and some fifty or sixty of them, armed with guns and bows and arrows, awaited the approach of the fuyi and his following. A fight took place on the frontier and the Hpimaw men and their friends are said to have killed seven of the fuyi's men, and to have wounded a few more. The Hpimaw men had no casualties, but, as they were outnumbered, they retreated, and the fuyi and his men then sacked and burnt Upper Hpimaw.\n\n\"The fuyi is said to have stationed at the present time 300 men at Lower Hpimaw and 200 at the Lisu village of Hpawte. The detachment at Hpimaw is composed of transfrontier Chinese, Black Lisus, Marus, and Lashis, and the men are quartered in four or five Chinese houses which are built of sun-dried bricks. The men who are stationed at Hpawte are mostly from the Chinese side, but several Black Lisus who belong to Hpawte took part in the sacking and burning of Upper Hpimaw.\n\n\"No Chinese soldiers or men from the frontier levy are said to have been engaged, and the fuyi's followers are armed with cap-guns, flint-locks, and Kachin check guns.\"\n\nThe following information obtained from the messenger may also be of interest:\n\n\"There is a tree which grows on both banks of the Ngawchang Kha, the timber of which is much prized by the Chinese for making coffins. The Chingpaw name for the tree is 'shau hipun,' the Lashi name 'shau sik,' and the Chinese name 'sha mu.' The Tengkeng fuyi formerly levied a tax of 1 rupee to 1 rupee 8a. on every four planks extracted from the forests near Hpimaw, but during the last three years he has taken two planks out of every four in lieu of the money tax. Two well-to-do Chinese traders, named Chu Lauban, of Mingkuang, and Ton Sanye, of Kutung Pa, who deal largely in these planks, are said to have complained to the Chinese official at Yung-chang Fu about the Tengkeng fuyi's conduct. They were informed that Hpimaw was in the British sphere of influence, and were referred to the Tengyuch ting, who is said to have warned the Tengkeng fuyi to discontinue levying taxes, as Hpimaw was not in Chinese territory.\n\n\"Some three years ago a Yawyin (Black Lisu) discovered a couple of salt springs near two streams which flow into the Ngawchang Kha. He took samples from each spring to the Tengkeng fuyi, who boiled them down, and found that one produced excellent salt, while the other produced inferior stuff. The fuyi is said thereupon to have declared that both springs are in his jurisdiction, and to have prohibited their being worked without his permission.\n\n\"The writer of this letter is Ton Sanye, one of the Chinese traders referred to.”\n\nPage 559",
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        "id": 428722,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-372 - Public Offices - 1910",
        "page_number": 63,
        "title": "CO129-372 - Public Offices - 1910",
        "content_text": "12\n\nrich or poor, must attend at their superintending police-station or tithing room, and fill in a form showing their names, ages, addresses, and daily consumption of opium. This form will be registered, and a return must be made before the 11th January, 1910, of the number on the registers of (a) towns (b) country districts, and of the amount of prepared opium required. As each person abandons the habit, his permit (\"yen-p'ai\") must be recovered for cancellation. The monthly returns are to give totals, not names; they are needed to check the monthly decrease, and to compile the yearly report to the Board. So if, as heretofore, local officials trifle, procrastinate, or neglect to report, those officials will be punished as in section 7.\n\n10. Persons employed in the registrar's district, but having their homes in another district, must not be registered twice over. If they cease to be employed and return to their homes, they may report their change of domicile.\n\nChapter IV.--Permits to Smoke.\n\n11. Section 2 of the regulations issued by the Reform Council (\"cheng-wu-ch'u\") required a printed permit, duly sealed, to be taken out by each smoker. Anyone smoking or buying opium without a permit would be punished, and after the first inspection no permits will be issued. In Szechuan permits of the \"A\" and \"B\" classes were prepared, but no readiness was shown in applying for them. This laxity must cease, and, ten days after receipt of the present regulations, a return must be made of the old \"A\" and \"B\" permits, and the fees must be sent in. When the intendant receives the list of smokers, then, in addition to the \"A\" and \"B\" permits earlier issued, supplementary permits will be granted to smokers unprovided with these certificates. These supplementary permits will be issued through the local authorities to the police or the tithing-wards and filled in. Each smoker will receive his permit and pay his fee, as a condition precedent to buying and smoking. When this new issue is completed, the smokers' list will be closed, and no further permits granted.\n\n12. The new permits, whether for residents or travellers, will be good for two months. His daily allowance will be noted on each permit. Wherever the holder may be, he must change his permit at the end of the two months, otherwise he will be treated as an illicit purchaser of opium.\n\n13. Permits are only good within the bounds of the province. When changed at a town other than that of issue, the permit must be surrendered at that town and fees paid there. A return is to be made of those fees, and they are to be forwarded, together with those paid by residents, to the intendant.\n\n14. Visitors from other provinces, on arrival in Szechuan, must apply for permits through the landlord of their inn, and conform to the regulations.\n\n15. Holders of the old \"A\" permits were allowed three years within which to abandon smoking. The present supplementary permits (\"pu-fa-chih pai\") give one year only.\n\n\"B\" permits remain at three months, counting from the day of issue.\n\n16. New permits must be dated, and entries written in full, not in figures.\n\n17. New \"A\" and \"B\" permits, and all renewals, pay a fee of 100 cash. The total receipts are to be sent quarterly to the intendant in silver to cover printing, paper, and wages, the balance going to the Chengtu Opium Refuge (\"chieh-yen tsung-hui\").\n\nChapter V.--Penalties.\n\n18. Establishments storing raw opium (\"tun-t'u-chih chia\"), whatever the quantity, must report purchases and sales in towns to the police, and in the country to the tithing ward, who in their turn will report to the head office. All must be sold before the 10th July, 1910. If this cannot be done, then application must be made to the head office to buy. Sales to outsiders will not be allowed. If the date is overpassed, or the head office is not informed, or if the quantity is understated, then the whole stock will be confiscated, its value going towards the expenses of local Government.\n\n19. Szechuan raw opium cannot be exported after the 7th July. If after that date persons are, by the frontier stations (\"yen-pien chu\"), found in possession of it, these will be fined one-tenth of its value for every ten days. The balances will be sent with its owner by the station to the place whence it was derived, and will be purchased there by the head office. If found after three months have expired (that is after the 6th October), the whole will be confiscated, one-half going to the informer and one-half sent by the preventive service (\"ch'a-chi ssu-t'u chu\") to Chengtu.\n\n13\n\n20. Private persons boiling opium either for their own use or for sale will be punished by confiscation of the drug, 30 per cent. going to the informer and 70 per cent. towards local Government.\n\n21. The duty of looking out for contraband opium, raw or prepared, devolves in towns on the police, and in the country on the tithing ward; no others may intermeddle. No domiciliary visits will be allowed before the 7th July.\n\nChapter VI.--Addendum.\n\n22. Endeavours must be made to get everyone in Szechuan to abandon the habit before the limit of time fixed by decree. When the smokers' lists are complete, and the amount of prepared opium required has been estimated, a date will be proposed by the intendant.\n\nTranslated March 1, 1910.\n\nW. H. WILKINSON.\n\n61",
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    {
        "id": 429067,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-372 - Public Offices - 1910",
        "page_number": 408,
        "title": "CO129-372 - Public Offices - 1910",
        "content_text": "405\n\n12\n\nEnclosure 8 in No. 1.\n\nNotes by Mr. Davey on Mr. Little's Memorandum.\n\nI HAVE read Mr. Little's report through very carefully, and as far as it concerns this locality I cannot take any exception whatever to it. During the past few weeks I have not had time to visit certain friends to obtain reliable information, but the following remarks are based upon observations of earlier date :-\n\nPartition. This idea was very much talked about a few months ago, when several well-to-do and officially-connected friends asked if it were true; and the impression left upon me was that they were convinced that foreigners intended to partition the country.\n\nStudents as Volunteers.--Last year the students requested to be supplied with arms to practice, &c., but the Governor-General thought his own skin might be endangered thereby.\n\nAnti-foreign Placards.----These are so recent here that they do not call for comment. Though not done so openly now I am convinced the ferment still exists. The students have their meeting days.\n\n(Confidential.)\n\nSome time ago I mentioned that the Governor-General had received information that an attempt was to be made upon his life, and how he had surrounded himself with a bodyguard of forty men, who are not to leave him day nor night. This information was imparted to me confidentially by a brother of the superintendent of the river police, through whom I believe the information reached the Governor-General.\n\nPeculation has been fruitful. Railway Loans.-The same antagonism exists here.\n\nI have every reason to believe that the late staff of accountants did everything in their power to get the Tungshih Chu (Board of Directors) to state their accounts were correct, and thus throw the onus upon their predecessors. They have a new set now, who will be no better than their predecessors in peculations.\n\nSubsidise a paper, and it will never speak evil of you. Recent publications in this city will prove it.\n\nDevils are Comet. Many superstitious rumours are now in vogue around us. flying everywhere around us, and many affirm that they have heard them running over the roofs.\n\nFinances are bad.---The banks demand high rates of interest; in my opinion not a true sign of real prosperity.\n\nTreasury is said to be all but empty here.\n\nThe Provincial Assembly.--Also anti-foreign.\n\nEnclosure 9 in No. 1.\n\nW. J. DAVEY.\n\nNotes by Mr. Hamilton on Mr. Little's Memorandum,\n\nIT is quite apparent that there is some unrest among the Chinese at this time. Especially so may this be said of Chengtu: rumours of various kinds, mostly of a depraved nature, are freely circulated, and these bear fruit in scornful and supercilious glances from the people, especially the semi-educated people, that one daily meets on the streets. These rumours are not quite recent: even last summer the opening of graves, and the stealing of bones-especially the frontal bone-for the purpose of being used in the manufacture of smokeless powder, was very rife. Rumour is always busy in China: how can it be otherwise with a people having little to do, little else to discuss, and mentally drawn to all that is curious, strange, and depraved? But again, they die, especially if the powers that be take steps to contradict and punish the rumour-spreader.\n\nOne feels the seriousness of being asked to make any remarks on this question; and again things differ so tremendously, but so far as I can form a judgment on this matter, I should say that there is small likelihood of anything very serious happening. Time after time, especially since the Emperor Kuang-hsu's death and before, it was said that there would be serious, very serious, troubles, and yet events have proved otherwise, especially in this part of Szechuan. Personally, I think there are a good number of Chinese who would delight in a row, but they know, and the powers that be know, that such a game cannot be played yet. In fact, over and over again, men in responsible positions have affirmed that another trouble like the Boxer trouble means a partitioned China, and so such tendencies to destroy, to exterminate the foreigner, have to be kept in check, and in the meanwhile we can only hope that constant intercourse that becomes intimate destroys this feeling of antipathy to the foreigner and his ways.\n\nE. A. HAMILTON.\n\nSir,\n\nEnclosure 10 in No. 1.\n\nRev. J. Vale to Consul-General Wilkinson,\n\n[Undated.]\n\nIN reply to your request for some notes on the present condition of things in this province, I beg to present the following as being as near as I can judge a fair presentation of the case :-\n\n1st. The Carved Melon Scare.--During the whole of my journey through the province from Hupeh to Chengtu I never heard a word about this, though I mixed freely with all classes.\n\n2nd. Railway Loans.-I should judge from what I heard that the feeling is still strong against contracting any loan for the Szechuan-Hankow line. I gathered, though, that many would favour the employment of foreign engineers to build the line.\n\n3rd. Newspapers.-The following from \"Chinese Recorder,\" March 1910, by the editor of the \"Ta-t'ung Pao\" (Rev. W. A. Cornaby), fairly represents the newspaper attitude-\n\n\"But now (after having reviewed the past anti-foreign crusade) one has to report with pleasure that, yielding to various influences and appeals, the Shanghai papers for the whole of January onwards, and the provincial press in many parts from the middle of January, has been wonderfully mild and moderate as regards foreign policy, and even the Chinchow-Aigun Railway loan scheme (23rd January) evoked no word of criticism, though set forth in the teeth of numerous articles of the previous year, written at white heat ....; a new era of journalistic sanity seems to have dawned.\"\n\nThe Szechuan press has no power in forming public opinion, and the effect of the changed attitude above referred to seems to be that newspaper agitation was ceased.\n\n4th. Officials-anti-Foreign.-This is nothing new; a certain class of these officials always has been, and apparently always will be, anti-foreign, but the majority know too well that to stir up anti-foreign feeling amongst the people is to endanger their own positions and lives. I have heard of no such thing in this province. Many officials are exceedingly pro-Chinese, and sometimes go too far in this line, but because they are pro-Chinese, that does not prove that they are plotting to repeat the Boxer movement again.\n\n5th. Voluntary Subscriptions.-The movement seems to have died out.\n\n6th. The Comet.--I have heard no rumours regarding this.\n\n7th. Provincial Assemblies.-These bodies will doubtless be strongly pro-Chinese, and doubtless they will soon come in conflict with the Government.\n\n8th. Loyalty of the Troops.-Herein is, to my mind, the great danger. I have heard of nothing to give one the idea that the troops in this province are in any way disaffected, but the whole army is so under the control of secret society men, that It is almost certain that any movement, whether anti-foreign or anti-dynastic, that showed signs of success, would see the whole army joining its ranks.\n\nFinally, rumours and local uprisings are the usual spring crop of troubles in this province. Anything that has arisen is nothing more than in ordinary years. We have, however, to add this, that undoubtedly there is a strong anti-dynastic movement under the surface of things, and also a desire to use any anti-foreign feeling in the country to get things \"moving,\" in order to further this anti-dynastic movement.\n\nWe also must add that the people are almost at the limit of their endurance of taxation, which will, sooner or later, end in a rising. Further, a deep-rooted hatred is growing against the officials, who are openly spoken of as \"robbers of the people.\"",
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        "document_key": "CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910",
        "page_number": 240,
        "title": "CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910",
        "content_text": "[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]\n\nAFFAIRS OF CHINA.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\n[September 19.]\n\nSECTION 3.\n\n239\n\n[33919]\n\n(No. 260.) Sir,\n\nNo. 1.\n\nMr. Max Müller to Sir Edward Grey.--(Received September 19.)\n\nPeking, August 2, 1910.\n\nWITH reference to Sir John Jordan's despatches Nos. 323 and 475 of the 8th September and 20th December of last year, I have the honour to forward herewith copy of a report by His Majesty's consul at Harbin on the Chientao and Hunchun districts.\n\nThe region in question was ceded to China by the Sino-Japanese convention of the 4th September last, but it appears that the Japanese have not ceased to take an active interest in the country, and Mr. Sly in his report calls attention to the increasing number of Coreans who are settling in the open marts, and to the belief that this influx of settlers is being encouraged by the Japanese Government with a view to having a ground for interference should an opportunity occur.\n\nI have sent copies of this despatch and enclosure to His Majesty's Ambassador at Tokyo.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n(In the absence of His Majesty's chargé d'affaires), ERNEST SCOTT.\n\nEnclosure in No. 1.\n\nActing Consul Sly to Mr. Max Müller.\n\n(No. 19. Confidential.) Sir,\n\nHarbin, July 24, 1910.\n\nI HAVE the honour to report to you concerning affairs in the Chientao and Hunchun districts. The information has been supplied to me by gentlemen who are personally acquainted with the localities, and, though probably not free from inaccuracy in every respect, should be substantially correct. Reliable maps of the country are at present not obtainable; but I hope to be able to check the particulars given me in regard to the position of the various places mentioned.\n\nAs stated in my despatch No. 11 of the 11th May last on the subject of the formation of a Russo-Japanese society at Harbin, Japanese consular representatives have been sent to each of the four open ports, namely, a vice-consul to Chu Tzu Chieh or Yen Chi Kang, Tou Tao Kou, and Pai Ts'ao Kou, and a consul-general to Long Ching Ts'un or Liu Tao Kou. A vice-consul was also installed last month at Hunchun.\n\nThe Japanese on the spot openly tell the Chinese that the Chientao question, despite previous agreements, is not yet settled, and have in Lung Ching Tsun or Liu Tao Kou, where there are some seventy Japanese gendarmes, given offence to the Chinese by affixing Japanese names and numbers to streets and houses.\n\nA deputy commissioner of the Imperial Maritime Customs resides at Hunchun, and the Yen Chi branch office is, as notified to you by the Wai-wu Pu in their note of the 16th December last, established at Lung Ching Tsun, which is about 40 li to the south of Yen Chi itself. Yen Chi luxuriates in some nine different names, and is variously called Yen Chi Kang, Yen Chi Fu, Yen Chi Ting, Chu Tzu Chieh, &c. It is now a \"fu\" or prefectural city. Pai Ts'ao Kou is roughly 120 li north of Yen Chi Kang, and is distant about 240 li from Hunchun; the same distance, approximately, separates the latter place from Yen Chi Kang; while Tou Tao Kou lies about 40 li to the west of Lung Ching Ts'un. Both the Tiumen and Hung Chi Rivers are unnavigable for ordinary craft, but small dug-outs ascend the former from Shih Pa Ta Ti, to which point goods are brought overland from Ungi, a new port on the Corean coast, which has a small harbour favoured with deep water and is visited by nine Japanese steamers a month. The construction of a light railway from Ungi to Shih Pa Ta Ti has been authorised by the Japanese authorities. The venture is a\n\n[288 1-3]\n\nPage 240\n\nPage 241",
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        "id": 429505,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910",
        "page_number": 242,
        "title": "CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910",
        "content_text": "241\n\n2\n\nNewchwang, Corea, and Vladivostock in search of work. Riots took place in the east of the province at Laiyang and Haiyang, as reported in despatch No. 250 of the 29th July. The autumn crops in this province, and indeed in most parts of China, promise well, and thus one of the main causes of unrest is likely to be removed for a time.\n\nSouth of the Yang-tsze unrest has been prevalent during the past quarter all over the province of Chekiang, where His Majesty's consular officers at Hangchow and Ningpo report there were riots in early spring at a dozen places besides those at Hangchow itself above referred to. The causes of trouble at the various places have been dear rice, school taxes, the taking of the census, the suppression of poppy cultivation, li-kin exactions, the tyranny of minor officials, and anti-foreign agitation.\n\nReports from the southern ports of Amoy, Swatow, Canton, Pakhoi, and Kiungehow show that the rice crops were ruined by drought. His Majesty's consul-general at Canton states that considerable anxiety was felt during the quarter lest famine should visit Kuangtung, and some 400,000 taels' worth of rice was bought from Siam and Saigon by official and charitable institutions and sold at low prices in and around Canton, the inferior quality of the rice saving the institutions from loss. For twenty years the rainfall has never been so low for the first six months of the year at Pakhoi, and it is the third bad harvest in succession reported from Kiungehow. Both Kiungehow and Pakhoi were visited by plague in April, which created a panic. The ports were declared plague infected at Singapore, and that, combined with the flight of merchants, contributed to the stagnation of trade. No steps were taken to check the outbreak in Pakhoi, and the people fled and spread the disease in the surrounding district. It is estimated that there were over 1,000 deaths at Pakhoi alone out of a population of 15,000. His Majesty's consul for these two ports states that there has been the usual outbreaks of Loi tribes and abortive punitive expeditions of Chinese troops to Hainan, and that the country round Pakhoi is in a serious state of unrest. In the Kaochan prefecture the drought was very severe, and a large part of the population fled on the approach of plague. Robber bands have not missed their opportunity, and have joined forces with the Kuanghsi banditti, with whom they have commenced pillaging and killing. Troops have been sent from Lien Chou, but they are likely to have considerable difficulty in subduing the brigands. His Majesty's consul at Wuchow reports a rising 40 miles below Nanning on the West River on account of a small additional tax on wine, sugar, and oil. Several people were killed, and eventually the Nanning taotai and commander-in-chief of Kuanghsi took the field, with the result that sixty men were killed and forty made prisoners. A secret society known as the Chien Tzu Hui is becoming notorious. It is a kind of robber guild, and appears to organise bands. His Majesty's consul at Swatow reports numerous cases of piracy on the inland waters, even official boats having been the object of attacks. Apart from the agrarian aspect of the situation, the outlook in the south is not devoid of political dangers. His Majesty's consul-general at Canton reports the existence of a strong and widely prevalent revolutionary movement of an anti-dynastic kind. The strongholds of the revolutionaries are in the district of Yingtê, on the North River, and Canton city. There is no doubt that sedition is rampant, and the Manchus in Canton are uneasy, as in the event of trouble they would be the first to suffer. In April the Viceroy issued orders prohibiting the admission and circulation in the province of Kuangtung of all Chinese newspapers published in Hong Kong, on the ground that their tone was seditious and revolutionary.\n\nWriting from Yunnan at the end of April, His Majesty's consul-general reported that the price of food had been rising since the beginning of the year, and owing to a census and heavy taxation, disturbances began in March in the Chaotung prefecture. European missionaries fled from the fury of the people to Chaotung, where they were efficiently protected. The officials behaved with commendable energy, and by the middle of April the rising was suppressed and most of the ringleaders captured, but the provincial Government desired that missionaries should not travel until the hostility of the rural population against foreigners had subsided. Towards the end of March, Mr. W. F. Collins, a British mining engineer, and one of the directors of the \"Syndicat du Yüunan,\" arrived at Yunnan-fu, and negotiated an agreement for the Anglo-French Company with the provincial Government, and proceeded to carry out prospecting operations. Towards the end of July rumours were abroad of an impending anti-foreign rising, and the French Minister made representations to the Wai-wu Pu. Mr. O'Brien Butler reported that at a theatrical performance held at the Yunnan military school, in the presence of the Commissioner of Education and some foreigners, a rickshaw appeared on the stage drawn by an exhausted Annamite coolie under the blows of an irate French passenger, and Indian native troops were also represented being maltreated by British officers.\n\nHis Majesty's consul-general at Chengtu gives a more satisfactory account of Szechuan. Rumours which were rife in April and May have now disappeared, and missionary reports from different parts of the province agree that, though a couple of months earlier the mind of the populace was very unsettled, everything is now tranquil.\n\nEarly in July reports were received from His Majesty's consul at Kashgar that, owing to the prohibition of opium cultivation, serious disturbances had arisen at Kucheng, in the Zungarian region of Sinkiang. The Urumchia magistrate, who had beheaded five rebels, was said to be besieged in Kucheng, and was subsequently reported shot by rebels. On the 24th August Mr. Macartney reported that Kucheng was apparently quiet, but that the regular troops had made a disturbance in Urumchia on the 10th August, and burned over a hundred houses.\n\n2. Provincial Assemblies.\n\nAs was the case in the last summary of events, few of the quarterly reports from the provinces mention the provincial assemblies. An extraordinary session of the Kuangtung Provincial Assembly was convened in May, and a vote of censure was passed on the late director of the Canton-Kowloon Railway, Liang Ch'eng, now Minister at Berlin, for having failed to explain how so large a sum had been expended on the railway with so little result. The assembly also reiterated its last year's opinion that, whether funds could or could not be found to supplement the deficit in revenue, gambling should be abolished forthwith. An indication that the assembly takes itself seriously was given by the adverse criticism passed on the absence of the Governor-General and other high officials at the opening session, and they apparently admitted the justice of the censure by coming to the next meeting.\n\nThe Hankow press continues to advocate the early opening of a national assembly as the one and only remedy for all the evils of the Empire, and on the 1st July the \"Eastern Times\" published an open letter to the nation lamenting the failure of the prayers of the second deputation to Peking for an early Parliament, and attacking the Regent and his Ministers for thus delaying the salvation of the nation.\n\n3. Anti-Foreign and National Debt Movements.\n\nThere is no progress to report under these headings. Such disorders as have occurred were not dangerous to the lives of foreigners, though there was considerable anti-foreign feeling in Chekiang and Yunnan, and His Majesty's consul at Wuchow mentions that the natives in some way connect the steady rise in the price of grain since the opening of the port with the advent of the foreigners. The agitation against foreigners in Szechuan seems to have died down for the present, but it is to be remembered that the mercantile and agricultural classes are both affected by the suppression of opium cultivation and discontented at the partial treatment of some districts, e.g., Fuchow. It is clear that any internal outbreak owing to excessive taxation or other causes, or any anti-foreign agitations in other parts of China, might bring about disturbances involving danger to foreigners in Szechuan. The agitation in the Hankow native press against foreign loans for railway development has somewhat abated during the quarter.\n\n4. Education and Reforms.\n\nLittle information has been received from the provinces under these headings, but the extra taxation necessary for the establishment and upkeep of new police and new schools has inclined to render innovations unpopular in many parts. His Majesty's consul at Newchwang says the reform movement in his district appears to have had a set-back, and His Majesty's consul at Chinan reports that the education given is a farce. Backward students are pressed on to advanced work which they cannot assimilate, discipline is lax, and moral tone bad. In fact, the new system promises to be a failure. Better accounts are heard of the education given to Chinese at Tsingtau. Extensive school buildings are being erected at Nanchang, in Kiangsi, for the accommodation of 1,000 students of law and civil government. There are at present 300 students there.\n\nB 2\n\n[2893 cc-1]",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-381 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1911 [11-12]",
        "page_number": 205,
        "title": "CO129-381 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1911 [11-12]",
        "content_text": "## Inclosure \n\n196 \n\nProceedings against Ng Hon-chi, publisher of the **Chung Kwok Yat Po** newspaper under Ordinance No. 15 of 1907 for publishing seditious literature. The Chief Justice sentenced him to 2 years hard labour on the 18th of last May.\n\nCanton was reported to be in a state of great tension and to be full of rebels, but nothing further occurred until the 13th August when a bomb was thrown at Admiral Li Chun which killed a number of his attendants and wounded himself. The new Tartar General arrived in Canton on 25th October and was assassinated on his way to his Yamen by a bomb of enormous power which killed a great number of his escort, etc., and shattered the adjoining houses.\n\nWhen the news of the rising at Hankow on the 13th October was received here it was expected that there would be a similar outbreak in Canton, but none took place and it was not till November 6th that any direct action by this Government was fully invoked. On that day, as I have described in a Despatch of the 21st November, I received a request from the Viceroy to suspend the through railway service to Canton from the 7th to the 12th instant, with which I complied. The Chinese Section has not yet been able to re-open.\n\nOn the same day (November 6th) news which later proved untrue was received by the Chinese press that Peking had fallen, and that the Manchus had fled. This was the occasion of the most amazing outburst which has ever been seen and heard in the history of this Colony. I enclose a press account of the occurrence. The entire Chinese population appeared to become temporarily demented with joy. The din of crackers (the usual method of signifying rejoicing) was deafening and accompanied by perpetual cheering and flag-waving, a method of madness most unusual to the Chinese. The cracker-firing was contrary to law but was so spontaneous and absolutely ubiquitous throughout the Colony that it would have been impossible to check...",
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    {
        "id": 435086,
        "series_id": 27,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-383 - Public Offices - 1911",
        "page_number": 500,
        "title": "CO129-383 - Public Offices - 1911",
        "content_text": "## 2\n\nNormal conditions are reported to prevail at Nanking, though from time to time prominent persons receive letters threatening a rising with the object of exterminating the Manchus. The modern troops have all been rearmed and the city is no longer patrolled.\n\nA sign of the emancipation of women which is silently proceeding in China was manifested in a meeting of the \"Women's Association for Fostering National Resources\" which was held in October in the exhibition grounds at Nanking. It was attended by over 1,000 persons of both sexes, and several ladies made speeches advocating extended use of native-made articles and deprecating the partiality of Chinese women for foreign goods, especially jewellery, tobacco, and wines.\n\nAt Chinkiang a disturbance occurred in December owing to the municipality unwisely attempting to disturb ancient custom and oblige native water carriers to draw water at the municipal pump station instead of the river front. The motor pump broke down, and a hostile crowd invaded the concession. Serious consequences were, however, averted by timely reversion to the old system in agreement with the local authorities.\n\nIt was mentioned in the previous summary that parts of northern Kiangsu and Anhui had suffered greatly from floods. Large numbers of starving refugees have begged their way south to Chinkiang, Kiukiang, and Wuhu. The affected regions are that part of Anhui which lies north of the Huai River and the adjoining districts of Kiangsu. The Grand Canal on the east, the Huai and Ko Rivers on the south and on the west approximately mark the boundaries of the worst part of the famine area. In some 7,000 square miles the autumn crops were a total failure, and only about half the usual amount of wheat land could be sown for the spring crops. The population is entirely agricultural and is estimated at 3,000,000. Troops were moved to the distressed region to preserve order and suppress brigandage.\n\nShantung, generally considered a poor province, owing to its arid climate, also suffered from rains far in excess of the average, and all low-lying lands were swamped. In addition to this calamity, the Yellow River burst its banks in the Li Ching district, and caused more damage than has occurred there for the last six years.\n\nHis Majesty's consul at Hangchow reports that the native press has shown less animosity towards foreigners, but the attitude of the officials remains unfriendly. Piracies on junks carrying foreign goods along the coast have occurred repeatedly during the year, and their recurrence at short intervals in the same neighbourhood shows that very little energy is displayed by the officials to check them. In Amoy city robberies increased to such an extent that the question was discussed in the Provincial Assembly and special measures were taken. More police were engaged, and a proclamation was issued that shops were to close at midnight. A proposal to institute water police to be paid for by a tax on passengers on steam launches fell through, as the launch owners asserted that their passengers refused to pay the tax.\n\nThe Kwangtung Provincial Government have experienced difficulties in carrying out the census in outlying districts owing to the suspicions of the ignorant natives, who fear that it foreshadows increased taxation. Several small outbreaks occurred, the most serious being at Lien-Chou, where the mob attacked certain houses and subsequently demolished the schools and houses of foreign missionaries. No lives were lost and no British interests were involved.\n\nSome alarm was occasioned at Macao at the end of November by a trifling military disturbance. The affair was magnified by the Chinese of the adjoining district of Hsiang-shan with a view to inducing the Chinese Government to descend on the Portuguese colony with armed forces under the pretext of protecting Chinese lives and property. Six Chinese gun-boats were rumoured to have entered the harbour and large bodies of Chinese troops to have camped near the frontier, and two British gun-boats were actually dispatched to Macao to safeguard British interests. They found the Chinese gun-boats anchored outside the harbour limits and failed to verify the reported movements of Chinese troops. Nothing occurred, and His Majesty's ships were withdrawn a fortnight later.\n\nHis Majesty's consul at Kiungchow reports that the local Self-Government Society is showing signs of a growing spirit of independence and an increasing disregard of proper authority. A newly arrived and unpopular magistrate was mobbed in the streets of Kiungchow and his chair was broken to pieces. A report from Pakhoi states that the circuit of Ch'in Lien, on the Tonquin border, formerly noted for the depredations of robber bands, has been entirely pacified and the district is being regenerated by a patriotic, intelligent, and energetic official named Taotai Kuo Jen-chang. Draft regulations for the better preservation of order on the frontier, drawn up by the Viceroy of Liang Kuang, the Viceroy of Yunnan, and the Board of Foreign Affairs has been submitted to the French Minister, whose modifications have been sent to the above-mentioned taotai for annotation.\n\nHis Majesty's consul at Wuchow reports the occurrence of no less than ninety cases of robbery and piracy during the quarter. The worst case was the looting of the market, pawnshops, and forty-one houses at Yang-So, in Ping-lo-fu. There were several skirmishes between the soldiers and the robbers, but they eventually effected their escape. His Majesty's consul-general at Yunnan-fu reports the murder of a French missionary, the Rev. Father Mérigot, by Chinese at a place called Ching-yü, in Yung-pei Ting, north of the Yang-tsze. A dispute about land is supposed to have been the cause of the attack.\n\n## Provincial Assemblies and Self-government Societies\n\nThe organisation of local self-government societies was carried on during the quarter in Hupei, but the general public showed no signs of active interest in them. Even the regular sittings of the provincial assembly were rarely attended by more than half its members. The general impression seems to prevail that the assembly is too much concerned with questions of personal interest to its members and to similar bodies in other provinces. One successful motion, however, put an end to the custom of purchasing supplies for yamên use at official rates, a practice that was detrimental to petty market dealers. The assembly lacks a proper sense of the need for economy, and expensive schemes of development of communications, education, famine prevention, &c., are freely advocated.\n\nIn September elections were held for the Nanking Self-Government Society and much dissatisfaction was expressed at the manner in which they were conducted by the two responsible officials. According to the native press many self-government societies have been constituted in the Soochow district and the delegates have met and deliberated upon a variety of matters such as come within the sphere of municipal bodies in England. The Provincial Assembly commented on the progress made in this direction in the Soochow district as compared with the apathy displayed by the officials in the portion of the province administered from Nanking.\n\n## Reforms\n\n### Judicial\n\nThe intelligence reports from His Majesty's consuls indicate that active steps are being taken in several provinces to introduce the new judicial system advocated by the Committee of Constitutional Reform. In the revised programme published in January it is laid down that shenpantings of all grades shall be established in 1912. More or less complete steps towards the new system are reported by the provinces of Kiangsu, Honan, Hupei, Kuangsi, Shantung, Chekiang, Fukien, Szechuan, and Fengtien, and His Majesty's consuls state that courts are being built or new law officers appointed at Chengtu, Chungking, Ichang, Tsinan, Tsinan settlement, Chefoo, Hangchow settlement, Ningpo, Wenchow, and Wuchow.\n\nThe main feature of the new system is the complete separation of the judicial from the administrative and executive powers. It deprives the provincial officials of a great weapon of authority and fertile source of revenue, while it creates a new class of officials under the direct orders of the Board of Justice in Peking and independent of the provincial authorities. The change can only be distasteful to the latter who will be ready to criticise the parallel position of the new law officers as well as their work. The future alone can show whether the people will benefit and whether Chinese justice will be any less venal or more real than it was under the old system.\n\nThe prominent position given in the introduction of judicial reform to the opening of shenpantings in the open ports suggests that one of its main objects is to deal with international cases, and experience of the sheupanting at Tien-tsin shows that foreign interests are likely to be seriously affected. Every effort will probably be made to deny to foreign consular officials their treaty right effectually to watch proceedings in court, sitting as assessors and intervening on behalf of the foreign plaintiff when necessary. From this point of view the new system may be regarded as an attempt to... \n\nPage 495",
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        "document_key": "CO129-384 - Public Offices - 1911",
        "page_number": 149,
        "title": "CO129-384 - Public Offices - 1911",
        "content_text": "## 2\n\nconsist of piece-goods and sundries, including kerosene oil. The Chinese population of Chientao is very small; but there are at least 100,000 Coreans, considerable numbers having entered the district since the Japanese annexation of Corea. The Coreans work as farm labourers for the Chinese landowners, but do not exert themselves to produce more than sufficient to furnish the proportion of the estimated yield due to the owners of the soil and to feed and sustain themselves. In Hunchun the agriculturists are Manchus, and the traders mostly immigrants from Shantung. Last year an attempt was made to introduce into the Hunchun district a colony of Chinese from the Yang-tsze region. The experiment proved a failure. Of 320 men, women, and children who arrived during the summer, 280 left in the autumn. Accustomed to rice, the immigrants found the local food-stuffs, namely, flour and millet, unpalatable and were dissatisfied with conditions generally.\n\nThe present practice in regard to the free zones on the Russo-Chinese frontier in the Hunchun neighbourhood is different from that prevailing elsewhere along the Russo-Manchurian borders. The Russian authorities admit all Chinese goods into the Primorsk free of duty, with the exception of certain specified articles such as native cloth manufactured in Hunchun, of which a test case was made by the Chinese, without, however, inducing any change of procedure. The Imperial Maritime Customs restrict the privilege of exemption from duty to goods emanating from the free zone of one country and destined for the free zone of the other, a proceeding which would seem to be in strict conformity with the wording of article 1 of the regulations for trade by land attached to the treaty of 1881. The position is manifestly not a satisfactory one, and a discussion of new regulations is pending. Objection was raised by the Japanese to a proposal of the Imperial Maritime Customs to establish barriers at a point on the frontier opposite Huining, at Ta Tu Chu'an on the Tiumen, and at a place on the Hunchun-Primorsk border. The object of these proposed barriers was to check the place of origin and destination of goods, and the ground of the Japanese protest was that customs duties can only be levied in the treaty ports or marts, and that duty-collecting barriers are contrary to treaty. It is pertinent to state that Pogranitchnaya (Suifenho), at which duty is charged on goods transported by the Chinese Eastern Railway, is neither a treaty port nor treaty mart.\n\nThe Japanese are making extensive repairs to the Corean roads leading to the Tiumen, and Mr. Eitaki, the Japanese consul-general at Lung Ching Ts'un or Liu Tao Kon, who was for some years consul-general for Japan in Shanghai, now has the title of Excellency. Five thousand Japanese troops—not, it is said, 15,000 as formerly stated—consisting of one regiment of cavalry, one regiment of infantry, and one regiment of artillery (six batteries, each of six guns) are quartered at Ranan, a newly-built town in the vicinity of Cheong-jin. A detachment of these troops, one company, is stationed at Ungi; but the regular frontier guard is composed of gendarmes.\n\nThe Russians have not shown any recent activity on the frontier, but a lot of work is being done on the improvement of the forts and land defences of Vladivostock, and Captain Nadarov, who was formerly employed in the Department of Foreign Relations of the Chinese Eastern Railway, has been selected to establish a consular office—a vice-consulate, it is thought, at Yen Chi Kang. On the 1st January last the privilege formerly enjoyed by Chinese junks of trading between Vladivostock and Hansi, a convenient anchorage close to Possiet, was withdrawn. No sailing-vessel of Chinese type may now trade along the coast of the Primorsk unless the captain, owner, and half the members of the crew are Russian subjects. The Chinese entertain the idea of mitigating the effect of this requirement by employing Coreans who are Russian subjects. General Vernander, who (vide my despatch No. 30 of the 24th September, 1910) was sent last year to devise and superintend the improvement of the forts and land defences of Vladivostock, is stated to hold the opinion that Vladivostock should be reserved entirely for a fortress and naval stronghold, while M. Gondatti, the new Governor-General of the Priamur, is credited with being strongly anti-Chinese. The attitude of the latter in regard to the quarantine regulations for the Sungari, Amur, and Ussuri Rivers received some mention in my despatches Nos. 15 and 17, dated respectively the 18th ultimo and 6th instant, and it is of interest to record that large numbers of Russian labourers—at least, it appears, 2,000 or 3,000—have recently passed through Harbin on their way to Vladivostock to be employed on the work connected with the strengthening of the forts and land defences of that port. The intention—as with the construction of the Amur Railway—is to employ no Chinese labour. Doubt is entertained as to whether this project is feasible. The Russian Minister of War, M. Suhomlinoff, went through Harbin a few days back en route to Vladivostock.\n\n## 3\n\nColonel Willoughby, the military attaché to His Majesty's Legation, has, I think, a map which will show the position of most of the places in the Hunchun and Chientao districts mentioned in this despatch.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n**Enclosure 2 in No. 1**\n\n## Memorandum by Lieutenant-Colonel Willoughby\n\n### H. E. SLY.\n\nAs regards the population (refer to Mr. Sly's report, p. 2) of the region between the Tu-men and the Hai-lang-ho, it was surprising to find how largely it is Corean. The district magistrate of the newly created district of Ho-Lung-hsien (formerly called Ta-La-Tzu) informed me that practically the whole of his rural population were Coreans, the Chinese minority (almost entirely Shantung people) consisting of a sprinkling of small traders, innkeepers, carters, and muleteers, limited practically to the main roads. As regards Corean immigration, I passed a continual stream of Corean refugees, whole families with their household belongings on their backs, in carts, and on pack animals, on the road between Liu Tao Kou and the Tumen, fleeing from Japanese rule. (It was just after the annexation of Corea.)\n\n2 (refer to Mr. Sly's report, p. 2). As regards improvement of communications in and to North-Eastern Corea, the Japanese desire that the easterly continuation of the Chang Ch'un-Kirin Railway shall run, not to Hun-chun, but south from Yen Chi Fu via Liu Tao Kou and Ho-Lung-hsien to the Tumen River, near Ch'i Ch'a Ch'u, and, crossing that river, link up with the future Japanese line from Sei Shin (Chong Jin) to Hui-Ning (Hoi Ryong). The present 18-inch trolley line between the two latter places is 57 miles long, and crosses the \"divide\" between the Tumen valley and the sea coast at the Mo San Ling pass, where the gradient is very steep, and the sharp curves of the present narrow-gauge line necessitate complete realignment for a railway. The work of realignment is now being carried out, large gangs of coolies being at work on it when I passed (last September). At Sei Shin, also, the shore track under the cliffs was being widened by extensive rock-blasting operations. At Yu Cho (8 miles short of Sei Shin) where the trolley line leaves the mountains and enters the maritime plain, another line branches off south, skirting the foot of the hills, to Ranan (Lo-Nan) some 12 miles, a large well-laid-out Japanese cantonment and brigade head-quarters. From Ranan, again, a direct trolley line runs to Sei Shin, across the maritime plain (about 10 miles), joining the Hui-ning-Yu-Cho-Sei Shin line at the foot of the cliffs about 1 mile west of Sei Shin. From Ranan a short branch runs south-east to Tok Chin. Ranan itself is invisible from the sea, being in a basin surrounded by hills.\n\nAll along the mountain section of the trolley line, also, detachments of the pioneer battalion, stationed at Hui-Ning (Hoi Ryong) (\"Kwai Nei\" in Japanese) were at work repairing it and repairing the timber trestle bridges washed away by the recent heavy floods.\n\nThe trolley line is in a dangerous state of dilapidation, the timber culverts in many places quite rotten, and here and there broken through, and the very light rails twisted and irregular, causing frequent derailments. (I myself was derailed no less than six times between Hoi Ryong and Sei Shin, once when travelling fast down an incline.)\n\n3. The rumours I had heard in Peking of Russian encroachment along the Hunchun border, and of detachments being actually located at points on the Chinese side of the frontier, I found to be devoid of foundation. There was not a single Russian soldier across that frontier, the nearest troops being a small post of mounted frontier guards at the Russian customs barrier on the Hun-chun-Novo Kievsk road, 5 miles on the Russian side of the frontier.\n\nWedged in as Hunchun is between Russian and Japanese territory, I was surprised to note the meagreness of the Chinese military forces in that region, which lies absolutely at Russia's mercy, as there is a strong force of all arms at Novo Kievsk, and troops can be poured into Possiet in a few hours from Vladivostock. It would seem as though China recognises that her only safety in this remote corner of her Empire lies in the mutual jealousy of Russia and Japan.\n\nThe Chinese regulars of the 23rd (Kirin) division are scattered along the frontier in small detachments, policing the country-side in conjunction with detachments of the \"front district\" of the \"Hsun Fang-tui\" (provincial troops), the only \"district that has been left as such, the remaining four—viz., \"centre,\" \"right,\" \"left,\" and ...",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-384 - Public Offices - 1911.txt",
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        "id": 436808,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-387 - Individuals - 1911",
        "page_number": 198,
        "title": "CO129-387 - Individuals - 1911",
        "content_text": "Trunte direct, ging which be\n\nthe\n\npound, upon was condemned in this amount\n\n1\n\nThe long history\n\nas to the changes\n\n& ask\n\nfor\n\nwill\n\nall\n\nin stiff cannot be verified here that Bit with regard to four 9, you from 23340/0) that Iir F bistinct reprimand for\n\ncare\n\n11943\n\n7 Mr Guterres,\n\nM\n\nhis co\n\nthe\n\n& it is possible\n\nthat the antifathy & the Harbour Master Dift which is constantly enflamed by strong language have actually existed And secondly\n\nminutes\n\nCray\n\nM\n\nuras\n\nwith\n\nby\n\nCar Taylor my\n\nthe\n\nto a large degree.\n\nregard\n\nto far 10.\n\nGov 28581 show that Mr dumped into the Harbour Masters Office because of his incapacity. (3) I\n\nI do not think Cdr Taylor exculpates himself entirely in the account he gives of it, although I must\n\nsay\n\nThe give,\n\ninclined to sympathise with his plea\n\nthat he could hardly be expected to check fervously the details of accounting\n\ngeneral trustworthiness of\n\nthe\n\nhis\n\nstaff\n\nI would have made this essential\n\nif all possibility of frankness was to be prevented\n\nregret that the ground on which Cdr Taylor\n\n3. Send off to H.K.\n\nwas condemned\n\n$750\n\nwhy were not\n\ncommunicated to him, southe\n\ntheir obvious\n\nSuomo Inf. Cole T\n\non this letter\n\nthat we\n\nTaylor\n\nhave sent his letter & H.K. for\n\nCons\n\nCha\n\n191\n\nRow\n\n7/6.\n\nAs to (1), the Stang Kong fat did write to Cammit Taylor, be seen enclosure\n\nThe fact that he\n\nfirst intimation\n\nfrom c.a. is prostate, due this\n\nhaving spent sometime\n\nContinent\n\nthe\n\nO\n\nhome\n\nwithin\n\nthe result that he didn't have be expected.\n\nhis letters\n\nso each\n\n(2.) of\n\na\n\nMA_QM\n\n4. insufficient,\n\nthere\n\nmight\n\nt\n\ntumes his staff\n\nall\n\nthe more\n\nfor exercising strict control\n\nI do not believe that there is\n\nanything\n\nexcept tim\n\nthe charges of prejudice.\n\nthat Sir K\n\nfirst-rate office\n\nSir H. may\n\ndo\n\nis\n\na\n\nman & does not understand people who, like\n\nCaut Taylor.\n\nare not. He is consequently inclined to think thats a man\n\nWho\n\nis not good at office work is a\n\nthe\n\n\"slacker\". & prone to be rather\n\nDown\n\non\n\nhim. This is the Sentiment\n\npart of vices, which it is rather hard,\n\navoid.\n\n(3) I cannot find that the",
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    {
        "id": 437222,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-388 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1912 [1-2]",
        "page_number": 275,
        "title": "CO129-388 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1912 [1-2]",
        "content_text": "Hon. Colonial Secretary,\n\n.(3) 2 .8% and spadniesi sin 10 Tocitu, ode nedy dand oned and strunook ee Iroideamolni and Jie Yamin bebitung and ed, yonoga na od dieiv –\n\nCeol elu yo drejt að of beilyque .. ods squeJ2 to Jawonis adj bodbeno non si ots aquati o deil soT .gnok,nol, fee. HÜMNA eld of qu be oelo at: awweet boe sdgiooen ond\n\nE\n\nL\n\ndooda and Jig beonine med ete asomalej ødt nan no i animare\n\nunagi add to abrau end ni daso una lovb 84 104 bediviv meedu evsil eeio. 8p. testal ef\n\nnia si bne vodi:...‚øgaik es dowe seiorel Telia a aut\n\nowout ni dad notnigo me to ma I Jud ylamem boðiziv med de\n\nVllawr wordo bejleiv ed i Iveria me is regà els || at bebulozi ovn. I to Isu Jjneniero end aa .(8) 0.8) ayarla and doine 21\" to eartgong laisitte yu ni aoko neyt, and to dig che To:evod sid pinel leozi ail! to Isrotege bre moijona end having Ieneral and to toJibøl and nl .Iersion)-rotikus low mellantquot a sid Jibus nd (Lanneoon med nad vi ajnwesoд (300xynoH) noite da ni bebuíoci adnuoma add amid Tsay. ylzijas japim I Jard o# edilen\n\n‚JDSTIOD #18v Képzocol eoi110 J#oï fessel\n\n-boxă ak.. to mijocne aid mim,seoqong I\n\nWohnst. Las ogumili,ingranž ja seivrajá end japo\n\nTocterod eid\n\nmead doc ever oggnil bra weins. .9jab yItse na da hedisiv su Veilboot bra yo3⁄4ÂĦOJANG .amsey Tim a bra od od and Juoda not legjel Jedab pinze an da bedair ad osia ku\n\nInver and stay đu q ni na dand mamenq I\n\nsoil10 Jaoi Ieram) and yú borɑII» »d Iiv\n\n„Jibua voregi no gnil lavený ruoli ‚eqilant.8.8 (.58)\n\n.todibuk\n\n+\n\nDo nadelad\n\nえる\n\n„SIEI,yısırıdet\n\n2.\n\n5.\n\nEnclosure 2.\n\n16773\n\n270\n\nAs regards Mr. King's letter\n\nRead 4 MAX 12) Financial information as to revenue and expenditure for years 1908, 1909, 1910, is given here with as far as possible. (Statement C). Accounts have been kept separately since January, 1911.\n\nAs regards audit of Agency accounts the Local Auditor ceased auditing them from lat. January, 1911. Previously the Auditor or his Assistant used to visit Shanghai and the principal Agencies yearly and the small agencies about once in two year At present there is no proper check by periodical inspection of balance of Cash and Stamps &c. The Agencies accounts are checked as far as possible at Hongkong by the Post Office it-self.\n\n6.\n\nStatement attached (A).\n\n7.\n\nStatement attached (B). The valuation was made by the various Postal Agents, they were instructed to value furniture etc., with due regard to depreciation.\n\nMemorandum A.\n\nStatement given) (C).\n\nStatement given)\n\nMemorandum B.\n\nInformation given\n\n(D).\n\nCharacter and Capacity of Postmaster and Chief Clerk.\n\nAs regards Mr. Solly, the Postmaster, he is an energetic and hard working officer, with full knowledge of all postal work required for a branch office. He started in the Police Force at Hongkong, and was in the subordinate service in Hongkong. The Postal Agents at the majority of the Agencies are Vice-Consuls and Consular assistants belonging to the Consular Service. It would be doubtful if Mr. Solly could exercise supervision over gentlemen in the Consular Service. Similar difficulties would occur, and have occurred, if he had",
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    {
        "id": 440430,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-395 - Public Offices - 1912",
        "page_number": 353,
        "title": "CO129-395 - Public Offices - 1912",
        "content_text": "349\n\n44\n\n11. Though the smuggling trade still constitutes a grave danger, against which the utmost precautions are necessary, and though, in spite of these precautions, it is believed that there is still a considerable smuggling trade between India proper and Burmah, the fact remains that the special measures which I have described, the vigilance of the excise staff, and the frequent seizures they make have produced a very salutary effect. Thus I find from the last Excise Administration Report of Burmah that the enquiries of the preventive staff lead to the conclusion that the price of illicit opium at Rangoon, the chief entrepôt of the smuggling trade from India, which was 75 or 80 rupees per seer in the early part of 1909, had risen to 125 rupees per seer in 1911, and this immense increase in price clearly indicates a materially diminished source of supply. And, as in the case of India proper, every diminution of the area under poppy cultivation there, consequent on the shutting down of the trade with China, must diminish the sources from which this contraband traffic is supplied. I further mention that while the consumption of licit opium in Burmah was about 83,000 seers seven years ago, it had shrunk to 52,000 seers in 1910-11.\n\nmay\n\n12. I now turn to the further measures which the Government of India have been considering since the Shanghai Commission reported. In the first place, as has been already pointed out, the number of Burmans specially permitted to consume opium forms a factor which is progressively diminishing to total extinction.\n\nAs regards the non-Burman consumers, the Government of India have carefully considered whether the time has come for the absolute prohibition of the use of opium, except for medical purposes, throughout Burmah, but have had to reply to the question in the negative in the light of present-day conditions. We consulted, to use their own words, \"the Government of Burmah, which after a thorough enquiry has come to the conclusion that the proposal is impracticable at present. The present sources of the supply of opium to Burmah are India, the trans-border provinces of China, and the difficult country of the semi-barbarous tribes—the Shans, Kachins, and Wa—within the British sphere. The licit supply from India could be stopped at once, but our local officers report that the production of opium in Chinese territory just across the border of Burmah has not yet been successfully stopped. There will also be difficulty in enforcing the prohibition of opium in the tribal country, and much discontent will inevitably be caused by the attempt. Unless these supplies are cut off there will be the strongest stimulus given to smuggling, under which even the present protection given to Burmans will be rendered nugatory. There is considerable smuggling of opium already from India into Burmah on account of the very high prices ruling in Burmah relatively to India, and this will be enormously increased if the licit supply is cut off, unless the preventive staff is strengthened to an extent altogether beyond the resources of the Provincial Government. Further, the only method by which a total prohibition against non-Burman races in Burmah could be enacted with any hope of success would be by a system of registration (of persons already addicted to the habit) similar to the registration of Burman opium consumers in Lower Burmah. The non-Burman population, however, consists of a large floating population of Indians and of Chinese from the Straits Settlements, who are not settled in Burmah, but come there as coolies, sepoys (Sikhs), merchants, clerks, domestic servants, or in pursuit of other professions. It would be impossible to introduce registration once for all among such a migratory population, and a proposal which ignored new-comers who are opium consumers would most certainly fail. The hill tribes of northern Burmah would have to be excepted in any case. And the danger of more deleterious drugs, such as morphia, cocaine, and the derivatives of hemp, taking the place of opium is greater in Burmah than in other provinces,\" owing to the greater wealth and relatively luxurious habits of the population there.\n\nIt should be noted, however, as evidence that everything is being done short of prohibition which existing circumstances permit that, as the Government of India observe, \"the Government of Burmah has, as lately as 1910, completely recast its opium rules in the direction of greater stringency as regards the possession and sale of opium. Again, under the Burmah Opium Law (Amendment) Act (Burmah Act VII of 1909), persons who are believed to earn a livelihood in whole or in part by lawfully trafficking in opium or by abetting such traffic can be dealt with in a similar manner to that provided for under section 110 of the Criminal Procedure Code. That section empowers magistrates to require security from habitual thieves, burglars, and other criminals, and in default of security to send them to prison. Under the same Burmah Act the powers of excise and other officers to arrest and search for opium have been enhanced,\" while it may be mentioned that a similar attempt is being made to strengthen the law in respect of cocaine and other intoxicating drugs which show a tendency to take the place of opium with every increase in the stringency of the opium regulations. Further, the Government of Burmah along with the other Provincial Governments is about to reduce the limit of private possession of smoking preparations.\n\n45\n\n13. In short, while the Government of India consider that circumstances as yet preclude total prohibition in Burmah, since this would drive traffic at present checked and limited by very severe restrictions into the subterranean channels of contraband, and would leave the way open to more deleterious drugs, they are doing everything in their power, by preventive and fiscal checks, to reduce consumption to a minimum. And if, as the result of this conference, international measures be taken which will check the smuggling of morphia and cocaine into countries which desire to exclude them—when, again, Chinese production on our borders shall have permanently disappeared—the time will have come once more to consider the possibility of a still more drastic anti-opium policy in Burmah.\n\nAppendix III.\n\nW. S. MEYER.\n\nAdministration of the Traffic in Opium, and in Morphia and other Drugs, in British Colonies since the Meeting of the Shanghai Opium Commission in February 1909.\n\nBy far the greater part of the traffic is carried on in the British Colonies and protected States in the Far East, and the questions involved are of little importance elsewhere. It is accordingly considered best to dispose first of the few changes which have been made in the legislation of other British dominions since the meeting of the Shanghai Commission and then to state the alterations of the system of control in the Far Eastern possessions.\n\nI.\n\nThe Government of New Zealand, which prohibited by law the importation of opium in any form suitable for smoking, added a further restriction by statute No. 30 of 1910, which enacts that opium in any form which, though not suitable for smoking, may yet be made suitable, may only be imported by permit issued by the Minister of Customs.\n\nIn the Transvaal the importation of opium was prohibited by law in 1909, except under permits issued only to chemists and druggists.\n\nII.—Far Eastern Territories.\n\nThe legislation as to opium and as to Morphia and other drugs in these colonies and protected States, although connected, are best considered separately.\n\n(a.) Opium.\n\nThe regulation of the opium traffic, by which is meant trade in opium, whether prepared for consumption or not, depends on the possibility of the adoption of stringent measures of repression. In Wei-hai-Wei and Ceylon, where the number of opium consumers is small and the population more or less stable, it has been found possible to institute a system of registration which will gradually abolish opium consumption, whereas in Hong Kong and the Malay peninsula, where the Chinese population fluctuates and fresh immigrants are constantly arriving, registration is considered to be impracticable.\n\nThe steps taken in Wei-hai-Wei and Ceylon to abolish the use of opium may be stated as follows:—\n\nIn 1909 the commissioner of Wei-hai-Wei, under the instructions of His Majesty's Government promulgated an ordinance regulating the traffic. By its provisions no person may import, possess, sell, or buy any opium, whether prepared or raw, unless he is either a qualified medical man or chemist (in which case he is permitted to deal in opium for bona fide medicinal purposes), or a person who is licensed by a Government medical officer to smoke or otherwise use opium, on the ground that deprivation of the\n\nN [2458 -2]",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-395 - Public Offices - 1912.txt",
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    {
        "id": 441080,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-396 - Public Offices - 1912",
        "page_number": 416,
        "title": "CO129-396 - Public Offices - 1912",
        "content_text": "## \n\nAt 4 instant, my enquiry having been completed by my obtaining the transit certificates covering all the opium seized, some twenty-five in all, and the tutu showing no intention of calling.\n\nAt 1 P.M. on the 9th the tutu's note, copy and translation enclosed, was delivered on board. The wording was less offensive than in previous notes, but he took on himself to fix the time.\n\n\"I replied that, as my investigation was completed, I did not feel justified in delaying our sailing, and I expressed regret that indisposition had not only prevented his co-operating in my enquiry, but had also delayed his performance of the usual courtesy of returning my call.\n\nAt midnight came another note pressing me to await his call before starting, and, as your telegram repeating your message to the admiral arrived soon after, agreed to the delay.\n\nAbout 9:30 A.M. on the 10th instant Mr. Pai came on board with several officers. He told me that the matter was beyond his province, and he had therefore sent a full report to his Government, whose instructions, whatever might be their tenor, he would carry out scrupulously.\n\nThis decision appeared to me not without cleverness, since if Peking should direct him to reverse his previous policy, he could tell his provincial assembly and the native public that his well-meant efforts to eradicate the vice had been thwarted by his superiors at the bidding of Great Britain, whereas if he yielded to my representations he would have to confess that he had acted ill-advisedly.\n\nThe immediate effect of this declaration was, of course, to preclude any local negotiations, and confirmed the advisability of withdrawing to await developments.\n\nI replied, therefore, that you had been fully informed of the situation, and that, my original instructions having been carried out, I should proceed down river, but I might return if found further orders awaiting me at Nanking.\n\nMr. Pai then said that he desired me to tell you the facts as to some points in the case.\n\nThe Wai-chiao Pu had told him that His Majesty's consul at Wuhu accused him of establishing a monopoly for the sale of boiled opium. This was not true. He had stopped all sale and dealing in the drug. I showed him his own proclamation (`Enclosure 5`), which seemed to me to justify Mr. Pearson's complaint. His only answer was to murmur that he had issued very many proclamations.\n\nNext he asserted that the seven chests burned had been found on shore, and only after seizure returned to the hulk. I suggested that he could not be sure of this of his own knowledge, and he replied, \"Of course not; he was informed of it by the head of police, Mr. Ch'i,\" as I said. My answer was that not only did the story sound improbable in view of mercantile practice, which I explained to him, who manifested much surprise at and interest in the care taken over cargo, but it did not tally with Mr. Ch'i's letters to the hulk, of which I had copies.\n\nThis answer threw the whole party into evident consternation, but Mr. Pai excused himself on the plea that the chests were derelict, as no one produced the proper papers and the consignees ran away.\n\nThe chests had been left on the hulk for many days - six or seven at least. I found it natural for the owners to abscond in fear lest they be shot like the poppy growers. It was quite usual for cargo to be left on hulk or in godown for weeks or months, until it suited the consignee to take delivery. I could not understand the need for hasty destruction of cargo safe in the responsible custody of the hulk-keeper, unless it were desired to destroy any chance of establishing its accordance with the transit certificates - also in my possession - and the bills of lading.\n\nThe tutu hastened on to his last point, which was that, so far from his action prejudicing our opium trade in other provinces, it had not even checked the business in the nearest port, Wuhu. I replied that that was not my information, and in any case the point was not very material.\n\nMr. Pai, who had throughout the visit exhibited a very chastened spirit, then left, after offering to answer any queries I might send him in writing - an offer of not much value, after the proof just given of the untrustworthiness of his information.\n\nAt both interviews it seemed expedient that our officers should know all that passed, so I used the tutu's interpreter (Dr. Hung), whose translations I had occasionally to check.\n\nMy impressions and views during our visit at Anking have been recorded in my semi-official letters of 6th, 7th, 9th, and 10th October. Further consideration confirms my belief that Mr. Pai is a genuine fanatic on the subject of opium, inexperienced in government administration and ignorant of the treaty stipulations, and, owing probably to his sojourn at a military college in Japan, imbued with the belief that China has been the victim of foreign aggression, from which it is a patriot's duty to free her. The native newspapers, especially the organs of the Tungneng Hui, have doubtless persuaded him that the mutual jealousy of the Powers assures the success of the popular policy of recovering the sovereign rights invaded under an effete dynasty, and such sciolists as his foreign secretary, Pi Wei, have encouraged him to interpret the wording of treaties in the sense that suits this policy. For the attitude of Mr. Pai and the other tutus there is, unfortunately, the excuse that certain foreign anti-opium enthusiasts and some foreign papers do not hesitate to preach the morality of defying the solemn agreements of China which interfere with their zeal for the immediate stoppage of all traffic in Indian opium. These advocates of dishonesty seem blinded to the danger of the precedent they seek to set up being later turned against treaty rights which very nearly affect their own interests; and meanwhile they proclaim that support of the opium trade is devoid of the sympathy of our people and our Parliament. Mr. Pai's telegram to Mr. Pearson shows that he relied on the truth of these representations in his policy.\n\nMr. McCarthy has trusty informants throughout the province who assure him that the last crop of native opium was abnormally large, that public works are neglected, schools vacant, and the revenue very scanty. The 7,000 or 8,000 troops in the province are at least three months in arrear with their pay, and exist by forced credit with the rice and other shops. The people pray for the return of the former governor, Chu Chia-pao, whose elaborate dykes are already falling into decay under the new governor, Mr. Pai, whose supporters are few if noisy, and drawn solely from the half-educated classes.\n\nIt speaks well for the inhabitants of the province that they pursue their usual avocations peacefully on the whole, under officers with neither training nor knowledge; but this quiet is probably due for the most part to the absence of any systematic attempt to exact the regular taxes, the absolute needs of the exchequer being met by borrowing from the merchant and shopkeeping classes. The execution of the tutu's threat to send troops to shoot the poppy growers would, there is little doubt, be met by violent resistance.\n\nUnder these circumstances I venture to maintain my belief that it would conduce, not only to the due course of the opium trade, but also to the peace of the province, if Mr. Pai were summoned to Peking to explain his conduct. His visit, I am sure, would dispel any doubt as to his unfitness for a post that involves the observance of international obligations, while such a summons must serve as a beneficial warning to other tutus as ignorant and as self-confident. Even were he under pressure from Peking to pay compensation for the results of his illegal destruction and detention of Indian opium at various places and to refund the fine of 1,200 dollars exacted by his magistrate at Tatung, and also to issue a satisfactory proclamation reversing his previous declarations, I fear he would make no effort to enforce the terms of our agreement, even if his anti-opium zeal did not lead him to work against the enforcement.\n\nThe appearance of His Majesty's ship \"Flora\" undoubtedly had a good effect on the tutu and all classes, and one of our messengers who visited the opium dealers' hongs was told that an emissary from Mr. Pai had come and asked if they would withdraw all complaints in return for compensation at the rate of 3,000 taels a chest. As there was no security that the money, if ever forthcoming, would not be withdrawn on some pretext later on, the hongs professed that the matter had passed out of their hands. I understand their heads had come to Shanghai for safety before we arrived.\n\nAfter the tutu's reluctance to call had been overcome there seemed no reason to prolong our visit. He would certainly render no assistance, and any statements made by him were not likely to be trustworthy. He had appealed to Peking, and meanwhile could not, without loss of prestige, alter his policy. We had obtained unexpectedly complete documentary evidence of his conduct in the case to be investigated, and to remain idly at anchor while the tutu professed to be indisposed could only lessen the impression produced by our visit, and familiarity with our presence might encourage Mr. Pai and his secretary to even more drastic measures against smokers, which we could have done nothing to prevent. Even if we had instructions to use force we had not the means to hold the city.\n\nFor these reasons I preferred to withdraw, with an intimation that my present commission was fulfilled, but that I might be ordered to revisit Anking under a fresh set of instructions. As a gun-boat, His Majesty's ship \"Thistle,\" is at Wuhu, ready to drop down the 50 miles to meet me at Nanking, distant six hours by train, I ventured to return to my post to await further orders. To have transhipped to a smaller vessel...",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-402 - Governor Sir May - 1913 [7-8]",
        "page_number": 277,
        "title": "CO129-402 - Governor Sir May - 1913 [7-8]",
        "content_text": "# \nAmong \nthe Chinese, & in matters political \n**4 Commercial.** \n10 \nexplains \nthat deportation could not \nbe resorted to, if people implicated. \nMy despatch to the number \nomits \nC \nthat in the present \nthe Chinese \nupheld \na \nAct would have \neffect upon \nstatute which in certain disallowance of the \nMovement denying \nthe posting of \n269 \narticles \n4 \ninciting to boycott. to my para 7 \nThe \nshould \nheed to stop the attention of \nnotices inciting \nFat Shan case upheld \nthe dangers to be apprehended from \"declaring besetting to be practiced without restriction. Mr Ord would probably \nhave been ineffective, \nthough \nprinting of the fact. \na \nIn case \nfor \nk \n13 shows the \nCha \ngood \nyouth \nresults which have \nflowed from the Order. \nI certainly \nmake out \nthink that that offending \nexecution legislation, \nspecial \nlaw is \nbreaker. If \n# \nthe boycott was well-deserved \npresent continuance, it does not \nintolerable, it does not follow that it would \nnot \nthe \nopinion \nevery \nnet \nup \ninformability was accepted ( \nbe justified \n4 : \nRough the communal \nOrd 10 \nof 1910, \nwhich \nhad been used with much hesitation \nthere to wilfully \nthin \nA \nfood \nCare \ninjurious to risk that \n# \nthe provisions of \nno. \nwith regard \nkind is a \nis a greater \nthey might \nunsatisfactory \nthe Old are necessarily are, \nwithout serious ill-aspects, \nallowed to stand, without serious \nA \n• far \nthey what simply \nto the \n* offence \nprohibition a prevention of \"inciting to boycott (= mireiting to boycott)\". \"The jo \nin protary light \nin Kinking that deportation \nwould not have sufficed to stop the \ntrouble. Though he might well have tried \nthe experiment \npara 5.17. \n; \nit is fair clear for \nthat some \nfor the \ncheck kan \n\"that previous legislation \nWay \ntitolitant kan then \ntown, within arrangements \n* \nof solidarity among \nComm. to in \nar \nnecessarily \ndevice which can \npractice, it is not \"properly applies to Hong Kong itself. \nlog 1910 provide for \n101 \nsemi. \nAb.. \nv. judicial \nA rate. \npractic \nK \nexamine upon imposition of \nsame train, Rough in \nAt the same \nTak should have to infer, it cannot be said that the provision for it \nin unprecedented (sec \nespecially 518 (3) of the Prevention of Crime (Ireland) Act of 1882). I hit t",
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    {
        "id": 444277,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-403 - Governor Sir May Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1913 [8-10]",
        "page_number": 274,
        "title": "CO129-403 - Governor Sir May Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1913 [8-10]",
        "content_text": "# COPY.\n\n## 10-grams. 8.30.\n33, 35, 38, 42, 273\n\nConsul-General Jamieson to H. M. Chargé d'Affaires, Peking.\n\n**C.O. No. 33. 32192**\n\nH. B. M. Consulate-General,  \n**RECE Rect 15 SEP 13**  \nCanton, August 19, 1913.\n\nSir,\n\nIn continuation of my despatch No. 29 of the 19th ultimo and amplifying the telegrams noted in the margin, I have the honour to report as follows on the events in Canton during the past month.\n\nChen Tu Tu's official declaration of the independence of Kuangtung on July 18th followed a lengthy visit which he paid the previous day to the Japanese Consul, who, with his colleague from Hongkong, appears to have persuaded him to cast in his lot with the rebel provinces. The Declaration was welcomed neither by the troops nor by the Cantonese generally. The merchant class was entirely unsympathetic and the Provincial Assembly ratified it only under coercion. A Presidential Mandate deposed Ch'en from the office of Tu Tu and appointed General Lung Chi-kuang Pacification Commissioner.\n\nThere is no doubt that, as head of the Kuo Min Tang in Kuangtung, Ch'en was compelled to declare his position and to support Li Liah-chun and the other leaders of the party in their dispute with the President. But from the start his cause was a hopeless one, more especially as he was totally unaware of the extent to which the regular forces of the province were being seduced from allegiance to himself by agents of President Yuan. Half-heartedly he commenced preparation for a punitive expedition against Yuan, but he found himself helpless from lack of funds. Provincial notes stood at a discount of 70% and when he sought a loan of four million dollars from the Chamber of Commerce, that body immediately dissolved itself. He was harassed also by a threatened invasion from Kuanghsi under Lung Chi-kuang and obliged to divert part of his embryonic expedition to check Lung's advance down the West River. He had placed much confidence in the local influence of the",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-403 - Governor Sir May Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1913 [8-10].txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 445463,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-405 - Public Offices - 1913",
        "page_number": 537,
        "title": "CO129-405 - Public Offices - 1913",
        "content_text": "## Page 2\n\nThe months of October and November last. Suppressive measures had been vigorously conducted within the last two months and much of the crop had been destroyed. He is of opinion that there are still some patches of poppy cultivation here and there in outlying parts of the prefecture.\n\nHis Majesty's consul-general at Shanghai forwarded on the 15th March the copy of a report compiled by Mr. Ezra, who had sent two Chinese for the special purpose of investigating the conditions of opium cultivation in the province. These men left Shanghai on the 19th February and returned on the 11th March. According to their report, poppy was being grown in no great abundance in the Chinkiang prefecture. The neighbourhood of Haimen (50 miles north of Shanghai) and Tungchow (60 miles north-west of Shanghai) was full of poppy, and large fields were under cultivation. The villagers at the latter place had stated that the senior of their local headmen owned two fields, and had twice uprooted a few plants in order to show his zeal in the anti-opium campaign. In the unfrequented districts around Nanking miles upon miles of poppy-fields had been seen, and there was an area of 30 miles under cultivation in the Kiang-ning prefecture. This does not appear, however, to be borne out by the statements of His Majesty's consul at Nanking, given above. According to the two Chinese, poppy was also being grown to some extent in hundreds of places along the Kiangsu-Honan and Kiangsu-Shantung borders, and the neighbourhood of Haichow was covered with the fields for a distance of 50 miles. The report states that \"the foreign missionaries resident in the city [Haichow] confirm the fact that no attempt has yet been made by the local officials to restrict the growth.\" This is to some extent confirmed by the information furnished by His Majesty's consul at Chinkiang. In the northern district of Su-chien the poppy is reported by Mr. Ezra's two investigators to be cultivated extensively, and the supply in this district alone is declared to be adequate for the needs of thousands of smokers.\n\nHonan.\n\nThe \"Central China Post\" of the 21st March published a report on the authority of a missionary that the poppy was being grown on fields belonging to the President, Yuan Shih-kai, as well as on those belonging to his relations. The Peking \"Daily News\" of the 17th March stated that strict orders had been telegraphed to the Governor to investigate the district concerned, and to carry out prompt measures of suppression at all costs.\n\nHupeh.\n\nHis Majesty's consul at Ichang reported on the 27th February that the prefect had gone on a special tour, and had found large areas under opium cultivation in the north-west. According to information received from the Belgian missionaries, the cultivation had increased greatly in the south-west district of Li-chuan. His Majesty's consul reported that apparently poppy was not being grown elsewhere in his consular district.\n\nSzechuan.\n\nThe acting consul-general at Chengtu reported on the 2nd March that he had received information from missionaries that greatly increased cultivation had taken place in the Chien-chang Valley, in the south of the province, during the past year—more especially in the tribal territories beyond Chinese control. The poppy area in this region embraced the prefecture of Ning-yuan, and the districts of Hui-li and Yen-yuan, together with the intervening territory of the independent Lolos. Three good crops had been harvested in quick rotation. Feeble and ill-directed official efforts had been made to destroy these crops but without success. In Western Szechuan a general recrudescence had taken place in the prefecture of Ya-chou since the revolution, but the area under cultivation was less than in former years. The crop had been grown for the greater part in out-of-the-way places, and in the country under the jurisdiction of the native chieftain of Mupin and the tribal lands in the district of Fu-lin. Renewed instructions to suppress cultivation had been issued recently, but the area is difficult of control, a great part being mountainous. In Northern Szechuan there was an inconsiderable amount of cultivation in the prefecture of Pao-ning and the district of Chien-chou. A large amount was being grown in the districts of Kuang-yuan and Chao-hua. Little or no attempt at concealment was made, and the plants flourished in close proximity to the high roads. In the prefecture of Lung-an the enforcement of suppressive measures against the large crops had given rise to local disturbances. In Eastern Szechuan no effort had been made to check the cultivation around Kai-hsien. The acting consul-general also reported that, in addition to the localities mentioned above, small crops were being undoubtedly raised in the more remote places throughout the province. He added that reports from many districts showed an apparently complete suppression of cultivation, and that the cultivation did not appear to have reached really serious dimensions anywhere but in the Chien-chang Valley, where a condition resembling anarchy prevails.\n\n## Page 3\n\nThe acting consul at Chungking reported on the 3rd March that, with the exception of some districts close to the Kueichow border, opium cultivation had been effectively suppressed through Eastern Szechuan. The authorities, he stated, had been actively enforcing the removal of all poppies from these districts. The information from Chungking is not confirmed by the acting consul-general so far as Kai-hsien is concerned. A consular officer has also received information from a trustworthy source, based on observations made during a tour in the neighbourhood of Wan-hsien (25 miles south of Kai-hsien) to the effect that the poppy is growing there freely in all directions.\n\nYünnan.\n\nHis Majesty's consul-general at Yunnan-fu has forwarded information, dated the end of January, from missionaries in Northern and Eastern Yunnan, which shows a large amount of cultivation in those parts. In the Prefecture of Chao-tung the quantity under cultivation was larger than last year, and in the adjoining Prefecture of Tung-Ch'uan the poppy had been freely planted. In the Prefecture of Wu-ting the poppy, especially in remote districts, flourished probably in larger quantities than last year. Prohibitory proclamations had been issued, but little or nothing had been done to check the cultivation among the non-Chinese tribes. In the eastern Prefecture of Ch'ü-ching, the missionary had been on a recent tour, and had noticed a considerable quantity of poppy in fields along the high road. He was informed on good authority that it had also been planted in greater abundance in the hill country away from the main roads. The planting was more extensive than last year, but a large amount had been lately destroyed by soldiers, so that he estimated the local crop this spring at one-half of that of last year. Speaking generally, he considered that the officials in that prefecture were doing very little to prevent cultivation. In a later despatch His Majesty's consul-general reported, from a Chinese source, that the poppy had been sown this year in the districts of Tengyueh, Lung-ling, Yung-ping, Wei-hsi, and Chung-tien, in the west; in Szemao, Chen-pien, and Yung-kang, in the south; in Lo-ping, Chan-yi, Yung-shan, Ta-kuan, and Lu-tien in the east; in Yuan-mow and Lu-chuan in the north. He estimated, on the authority of a Chinese in touch with the local opium dealers, that the yield this season is expected to be three-quarters of the amount last year. The consul-general has received information from a native source that the tutu is doing his best to stop opium cultivation, and is constantly issuing orders to that effect. In the neighbourhood of large towns, the local officials, aided by the military, are able to prevent the planting of the poppy, but in more remote districts—especially in those inhabited by the tribes—they are quite helpless. Several have offered to resign sooner than attempt to interfere with the people's poppy fields, and the soldiers told off for the destruction are beginning to complain that they are laying up trouble for themselves when they leave the army. The tribesmen in the districts bordering on Tonkin and Burma have threatened to emigrate if they are prevented from growing opium.\n\nKueichow.\n\nHis Majesty's consul-general at Yunnan-fu has forwarded information, dated the 27th January, from a missionary at An-shun, 50 miles south-west of the provincial capital, to the effect that the poppy had been planted in greater quantities than in any season during the last six years. The local officials, however, had begun to take energetic measures for suppression, and, as a consequence, the farmers had begun to plough up the poppy and sow beans. A missionary informant writing from Kuei-yang, the provincial capital, on the 1st February, stated that the poppy was widely planted, certainly in larger quantities than before the revolution. He continued that it was reported that in some districts the officials were taking strong measures to suppress cultivation, but that they seemed helpless in the district of the provincial capital itself. In a later despatch the consul-general reported, on trustworthy information based on a recent tour, that the poppy had been seen \"growing everywhere in several districts in the Prefecture of An-shun, and also in the southern Prefecture of Hsing-yi.\n\n## Page 536",
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    {
        "id": 450601,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-416 - Public Offices - 1914",
        "page_number": 183,
        "title": "CO129-416 - Public Offices - 1914",
        "content_text": "[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]\n\nOPIUM.\n\n(CONFIDENTIAL)\n\n[8393]\n\nNo. 1.\n\n[February 25.]\n\nSECTION 1.\n\nSir,\n\nColonial Office to Foreign Office.-(Received February 25.)\n\nDowning Street, February 24, 1914.\n\nI AM directed by the Secretary of State for the Colonies to transmit to you, with reference to letter to the Colonial Office of the 12th February, 1914, copy of a despatch from the Governor of the Straits Settlements on the subject of the opium traffic of Kwangchauwan.\n\nEnclosure in No. 1.\n\nI am, &c.\n\nJOHN ANDERSON.\n\n180\n\n(Confidential.)\n\nSir,\n\nGovernor of Straits Settlements to Mr. Harcourt.\n\nSingapore, January 22, 1914. I HAVE the honour to inform you that there is reason to suspect that large quantities of opium are being shipped to Kwong Chau Wan, doubtless with a view to their being smuggled into China.\n\n2. The annual requirements of Kwong Chau Wan were estimated (in a telegram addressed to you by the Governor of Hong Kong on the 1st August, 1911) at thirty-six chests a year.\n\n3. On the 26th September, 1913, a Chinese named Leong Chak Sun, who said he was the opium farmer at Kwong Chau Wan, called on the Superintendent, Government Monopolies, with a view to the purchase of opium. He stated that the amount needed for local consumption was 100 chests a year, but admitted that in 1913 no less than 491 chests had been imported into Kwong Chau Wan. He said he did not know what became of the chests not needed for the place itself.\n\n4. There is no direct communication with Kwong Chau Wan. Opium for that port is shipped to Haiphong for transhipment thence. From the official records of the Bengal Government and from his own record, the Superintendent, Government Monopolies, has traced the shipment of no less than 466 chests to Haiphong in 1913.\n\n5. It is fairly evident that Kwong Chau Wan is replacing Macao as a base for smuggling uncertificated opium into China. It may be possible to limit this importation by international agreement, but the only real check on opium smuggling is what I have always advocated—the limitation of the sale of opium to Governments and the prevention of its passing into private hands.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nARTHUR YOUNG.\n\n[2053 bb-1]",
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    {
        "id": 451095,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-417 - Public Offices - 1914",
        "page_number": 22,
        "title": "CO129-417 - Public Offices - 1914",
        "content_text": "## Enclosure 2 in No. 1\n\n### Government of Burma to Government of India\n\nAugust 20, 1913\n\nI am directed to submit the preliminary report asked for in your letter of the 29th July, 1913, on the subject of the alleged cultivation of opium on the Burma-Yünnan frontier and the smuggling of the drug from Burma into Yünnan.\n\n2. With your letter of the 2nd April, 1913, you forwarded a copy of a letter, dated the 14th January, 1913, from the Wai-chiao Pu to His Majesty's Minister at Peking, complaining that, despite the 1st and 3rd articles of the International Convention signed at The Hague in 1912, whereby the contracting Powers bound themselves to enact effective laws or regulations for the control of the production and distribution of raw opium, and to take measures to prevent the export of raw opium into countries which shall have prohibited its entry, and despite also article 11 of the convention of 1894 between Great Britain and China in relation to Burma, which prohibits the import and export of opium across the frontier, the Burma Government has made no attempt to check the cultivation of opium in the frontier districts which march with Yunnan, and that, in consequence of this neglect, Chinese subjects flock across the frontier and carry on the cultivation of opium in British territory, and thence smuggle the drug into China, thereby in a great measure nullifying the attempt to suppress the consumption of the drug in that country, which was represented to be progressing in a highly satisfactory manner towards complete success. In his reply of the 22nd January, 1913, to the Wai-chiao Pu, His Majesty's Minister challenged the accuracy of the statements made in their letter, and denied that there had been any lack of harmony on the part of Government in assisting China in the suppression of opium. He further called attention to the reports that the cultivation of poppy in the province of Yunnan was scarcely less general than before the prohibition, and referred to the fact that the Yünnan Government had actually sent agents into Burma to buy opium. In his letter of the 23rd January, 1913, forwarding copies of the correspondence to the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, Sir John Jordan presumed that it was not unlikely that, under the \"trans-frontier cultivation,\" Chinese subjects living on the Yunnan side of the frontier own and cultivate fields of poppy within the territories of Burma, and he suggested that the Government of India should be moved to take effective measures for the suppression of such cultivation and to furnish materials for a reply to the memorandum from the Wai-chiao Pu. In your letter of the 2nd April, 1913, the Government of India asked this Government to report on the subject, and requested that if the statements made by the Chinese authorities are correct, proposals may be put forward with the object of prohibiting and checking (1) poppy cultivation in the regions in question, or (2) the smuggling of the drug into Chinese territory. Your letter further goes on to say that, whatever interpretation may have been placed on the Burma-China Convention of 1894 in the past, it appears to the Government of India that it is now necessary to take action in accordance with the provisions of The Hague Convention. In conclusion, it invites a reference to the correspondence printed on pp. 1 to 6 of this Government's Separate Revenue Proceedings for November 1912 regarding the alleged extension of poppy cultivation in the Shan States.\n\n3. The correspondence in this Government's Separate Revenue Department Proceedings of 1912 arose out of certain statements printed on p. 7 of the Provincial Report on the Administration of the Excise Department for the year 1910-1911, where, inter alia, it was stated that many of the displaced opium growers from Yunnan are reported to have moved over from Yunnan proper into the Chinese and British Shan States and into unadministered territory. Prior to this, however, on the 26th March, 1910, a despatch was addressed by the Administrator of Foreign Affairs to the British consul-general, Yünnan-fu, regarding the clandestine importation of opium from Kokang in Burma into Yungkang in China. A translation of this despatch was received from His Majesty's consul-general, and as a result of the ensuing correspondence, the Lieutenant-Governor instructed the superintendent of the Northern Shan States to convey through the Sawbwa of North Elsenwi and the Heng of Kokang a formal warning to traders and cultivators that any person who exports opium into China does so at his own risk. Copies of the correspondence were submitted to the Government of India in the Foreign Department with Mr. Rice's letter of the 31st May, 1910. Mention is made on p. 81 of the Report on the Administration of the Shan and Karenni States for the year ended 30th June, 1912, that the prohibition of the drug has led to a great increase in the area under the drug in British territory. Prior to the issue of orders prohibiting the cultivation of opium in Yunnan, there was, despite the prohibition in the convention of 1894 referred to by the Wai-chiao Pu, a large export of the drug from Yunnan into Burma. These exports of opium from Yunnan were in great measure used to pay for imports of merchandise, and they were regularly recorded in the statistics of trans-frontier trade. The Report on the Trans-frontier Trade of Burma and the adjoining foreign countries during the year 1910-1911 and the triennial period ending the 31st March, 1911, commenting on a large decrease in the exports of opium, remarks that the last three years had been a period of transition in Western China, the cultivation of the poppy being restricted and the purchasing power of the people being temporarily impaired, while a substitute for the opium crop was being found. The history of the import of opium from Yunnan into Burma is dealt with in paragraphs 5, 8, and 9 of Mr. Rice's letter of the 19th October, 1909, to the Government of India in the Foreign Department. As an outcome of the correspondence which was based on that letter, this Government has regarded it as a guiding principle that while the transport of opium across the Burma-China frontier is prohibited by the convention of 1894, it rests with each Government to take such measures, if any, in its own territory as it may desire to enforce the prohibition, but that it is not incumbent on either Government to prevent exportation from or importation into its own territory. For this reason, the Lieutenant-Governor concluded in Mr. Rice's letter of the 16th January, 1913, to your address, that there was nothing in the convention of 1894 to cause exception to be taken by this Government to the action of Yunnan in purchasing opium in the Northern Shan States and in transporting it across the frontier into Yünnan. The Hague Convention of 1912 was not referred to.\n\n4. The Lieutenant-Governor concurs in the view of the Government of India, expressed in paragraph 2 of your letter of the 2nd April, 1913, that whatever interpretation may have been placed on the Burma-China Convention of 1894 in the past, it is now necessary to take action in accordance with the provisions of The Hague Convention. He has, therefore, called for a report and proposals in the terms of your letter, on the ground that the complaints of the Wai-chiao Pu regarding the opium cultivation in the Shan States appear to be justified by facts so far as they are known. The Opium Act of 1878 is not in force in the Shan States, with the exception of certain headquarters stations, the Myelat, and the lands occupied by the Mandalay-Lashio and Southern Shan States Railways. The cultivation of opium is carried on, it is believed, to a considerable extent in the more remote parts of the States, and it is at present subject to no control by any Government officer. The Financial Commissioner has promised a report by the end of September, but it is highly improbable that the superintendents of the Shan States will be able to get any reliable information regarding the extent of cultivation. The superintendent, Northern Shan States, was directed in 1910 to make it widely known among those persons within his jurisdiction who are interested in the opium trade with China that the transport of opium across the frontier was prohibited, and that any person who exported opium into China would do so at his own risk, and would not be protected by this Government from any lawful penalties which may be inflicted on him by the Chinese authorities. So far as the charges brought against this Government by the Wai-chiao Pu are concerned, the Lieutenant-Governor is disposed to believe that they are true, and he is not yet prepared to say what measures it will be possible to take to prevent the exportation of opium across the frontier. So long as cultivation is allowed within the Shan States, the prohibition against exportation would be very difficult, if not impossible, to enforce, and it will have to be considered whether it is possible to prohibit opium cultivation,",
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    {
        "id": 465074,
        "series_id": 27,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-437 - Public Offices - 1916",
        "page_number": 634,
        "title": "CO129-437 - Public Offices - 1916",
        "content_text": "## 1\n\n632\n\nBanks exist, the Chiang Chuns, Lieutenant Governors and Governors shall order the legal officials concerned to station adequate troops and police at the branch Banks to see that this order be not violated by the said branch Banks secretly exchanging notes or paying money to depositors. They should also exercise control to prevent disturbances.\n\nAny official, merchant, soldier or civilian refusing to accept the notes of these Banks or to handle the same or who shall dispose of the same at rates below the face value will be promptly punished in accordance with Article 9 of the Currency Law.\n\nAt the same time the co-operation of the Chambers of Commerce should be secured with the view that united efforts may be maintained. The two banks are hereby ordered to submit immediately to the Ministry of Finance a detailed statement showing the number and value of the notes of each denomination already in circulation in order to check any excessive issue of the same. Let all strictly obey this order.\n\nMay 12th 1916\n\n(signed)\n\nTuan Chi-jui \n\nSecretary of State",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-437 - Public Offices - 1916.txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 469431,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-445 - Public Offices - 1917",
        "page_number": 305,
        "title": "CO129-445 - Public Offices - 1917",
        "content_text": "destination, Shanyao, for scarcely was my camp pitched when a terrific thunderstorm burst over our heads, and its intermittent fury lasted till 10 A.M. the next morning,\n\nWe were now back again in the Têngch'ung district, and three more days, the first two of which descended the undulating paddy-plains flanking the Shweli, brought our tour to a close on the 11th June.\n\nThe sixteen days' continuous travel from Tali via Yunlung to Tengyueh constituted by far the most strenuous section of the whole tour; it included the crossing of five mountain ranges, three of them well over 10,000 feet high, and the other two only a few hundred feet below that level, and the season of its accomplishment was that of the rains. By extraordinary good fortune, on all but two days these refrained from descending until after we had arrived at our halting places for the night, and consequently at all but the highest altitudes, when we were actually in the clouds, we enjoyed the most extensive and glorious views over the surrounding mountains and valleys. Whether owing to the lateness of the season or to the thoroughness of the opium-suppression campaigns, this section of our tour likewise disclosed no trace whatever of poppy cultivation.\n\nThe total period occupied by my tour was seventy-six days, all but seven of which were travelling days; my estimate of the total distance covered is 888 miles, of which I accomplished fully ninety per cent. on foot. The route followed traversed some portion at least of eighteen separate districts, and while it cannot, of course, claim to be in any way exhaustive—the start was far too late to admit of such a possibility—it served, in my opinion, to establish the fact that along considerable stretches of country in both the western and southern circuits of Yunnan the Chinese have undoubtedly made genuine efforts to stamp out, for the time being at any rate, the cultivation of opium. This effort must have cost the province a very large sum of money, estimated by the Tengyueh Taoyin at not less than half a million dollars. As an instance of the heavy expenditure incurred, he assured me that between the months of November and March last his bill for official telegrams on the subject of opium alone, at 6 cents per word, came to over 2,000 dollars.\n\nIt is, of course, too much to hope that the past season's strenuous efforts in the matter of opium suppression, made as they are for a special purpose, will be maintained, and time alone will show whether the Yunnan authorities are relapsing into their normal venal laxity in this matter. If in the course of the next few years it should be thought necessary to despatch similar missions to investigate into the actual state of affairs, I would venture most strongly to recommend that the system of joint enquiry should be definitely abandoned, if possible. The principle of joint enquiry necessarily implies, to my mind, mutual distrust of the officers deputed by both sides to carry out the inspection, and while it is notorious that it would be almost impossible to find throughout the country a Chinese official who could be trusted implicitly to travel unaccompanied and give a true account of conditions along his route, it seems to me unfortunate that British officers should be subjected to the indignity of the company of a Chinese detective to check the accuracy of their observations and report. If, however, it should be found impracticable to depart from the policy crystallised in the Opium Agreement, it should at least, in my opinion, be insisted that the Chinese delegate deputed to accompany the British official should be neither a native of, nor an office-holder in, the region to be traversed.\n\nI have the honour to append herewith an itinerary of the journey, together with a rough sketch map showing the various places passed en route.\n\nI cannot close this report without adding a few words to express my high appreciation of the very great assistance willingly and cheerfully rendered throughout the tour by the consulate writer, Mr. Chang-Po-tuan, in obtaining accurate information from day to day regarding both the route I desired to follow and the facts in relation to opium cultivation in the adjoining territory.\n\nHis Britannic Majesty's Consulate, Tengyueh June, 1917.\n\nA. E. EASTES.\n\n(No. 23.) Sir,\n\nPage 11\n\nEnclosure 3 in No. 1.\n\nConsul Tours to Mr. Alston.\n\n301\n\nIchang, July 20, 1917. IN accordance with the instructions contained in your despatch of the 10th March last, addressed to me at Chungking, I have inspected the eastern portion of the province of Yunnan, for opium-poppy cultivation; and I now have the honour to enclose herewith my report thereon.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nB. G. TOURS,\n\nReport of an Inspection of the Eastern Part of the Province of Yunnan, to learn the Amount of Cultivation of Opium Poppy. May, 1917\n\nUNDER instructions from His Majesty's Chargé d'Affaires at Peking, I had left Ichang on the 10th March, 1917, in order to proceed to the province of Kueichow to inspect that province for opium cultivation. I reached Chungking on 27th March, and there I found awaiting me further instructions from His Majesty's Chargé d'Affaires, ordering me to continue my journey when I had traversed the province of Kueichow, and to make a similar journey of inspection through the eastern part of Yunnan province. I completed my journey through Kueichow province on the 1st May, on which day I arrived at Chiang-ti, a small village on the Ching Ho or Ching-fei Ho, a river which forms the boundary-line between the two provinces of Kueichow and Yunnan at that point. The Chinese official delegates from the provincial capital of Yünnan were awaiting me in a village on the Yunnan side of the river; and having crossed the river into Yünnan at 7:30 on the morning of the 2nd May, I was received by them, and after a brief conference and farewells to the Kueichow delegates who had accompanied me across the river, we proceeded on our journey in Yünnan.\n\nThe Yunnan delegates were two: the senior was Mr. Chan Ping-chung, the head of the Bureau des Renseignements, at Yünnan-fu, a secret service department, and the assistant delegate was a Mr. Yang, a clerk from one of the Yünnan-fu yamêns. I was most unfavourably impressed with the Yünnan delegates. Mr. Chan's manner to me was off-hand and brusque to the point of rudeness; he addressed me as \"ni,\" and in many similar little ways was at some pains to show his disapproval of the expedition. Mr. Yang was a nonentity of an inferior type; I gathered that he owed his appointment as delegate to his knowledge of English, but my efforts to plumb the depths of his knowledge of the English language succeeded in only extracting one English sentence from him, and that he used as answer to every question. It was \"I do not know.\"\n\nPage 13\n\nMr. Sheu Chi, the senior Kueichow delegate, who had accompanied me across the Ching-fei Ho, was evidently of my opinion regarding the Yunnan delegates, for he took me aside and said that if I wished he would make arrangements for Mr. Chien Chih-wan, the assistant Kueichow delegate, to accompany me through Yünnan. I thanked him for the kind suggestion, but told him that I could not think of withdrawing Mr. Chien from his own duties which were awaiting his return to Kueiyang. I resolved, however, to take steps to report Mr. Chan to his superiors if he continued his objectionable attitude. He very soon afforded me the opportunity, for on our departure from Chiang-ti he got into his chair and started off with the escort and the assistant delegate, leaving me to follow by myself. I took the first opportunity of reporting to His Majesty's Consul-General at Yunnan-fu on Mr. Chan's behaviour, and the result was that the Taoyin of Kengtzu received instructions to meet me—and to accompany the expedition for the remainder of the journey as senior Chinese delegate, Mr. Chan being relegated to assistant delegate.\n\nMany changes were noticeable on passing from Kueichow to Yunnan, besides the alteration from courtesy to discourtesy of the Chinese official attitude. The aspect of the country took on a change for the worse, characterised by comparative barrenness and bleakness; and the Yunnan native was of a poorer class and of an inferior type than his Kueichow brother. The general deterioration was visible also in the crops,",
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        "document_key": "CO129-445 - Public Offices - 1917",
        "page_number": 312,
        "title": "CO129-445 - Public Offices - 1917",
        "content_text": "24\n\n25\n\n308\n\nmatter to persuade porters to carry for us. hospitable manner.\n\nBoth sides welcomed me in u most\n\nActivity of Secret Societies.\n\nThe Triad Secret Society has long been active in Southern Kiangsi, but of late there has arisen a new society commonly known as the Chi T'an Hui, although it is probable that it flourishes under other local names. This society is growing in strength in the south and south-west particularly among the agricultural population. Temples have been built and members initiated in increasing numbers and charms of invincibility and of protection against malign influences are sold and exhibited in the country places.\n\nA curious rumour has arisen among the Chinese to the effect that the new society has some secret connection with Li Lieh-chun and Dr. Sun Yat-sen. The explanation given is that Li and Sun fear a future return to the monarchial régime, and that they hope to use the members of the Chi Tan Hui as the nucleus of a Republican army. I understand also that many young men from Kiangsi have been given good positions in Kuangtung by Li Lieh-chun in order that they may acquire experience in anticipation of the time of trouble. If it be true that Dr. Sun Yat-sen is connected in some way with the Chi Tan Hui, he may reasonably have had some ground for alluding to the possibility of a second Boxer trouble in his telegram to Mr. Lloyd George.\n\nThe officials in general deny the existence of the society. The Garrison Commissioner at Kan Hsien, however, admitted that it had existed in the Kan Nan circuit two years before, but that orders had been issued to the magistrates for its suppression. No proclamations against secret societies were seen by me anywhere on my journey in the interior.\n\nIn any case the gentry are behind the Chi Tan Hui, and its progress merits close attention. The society advocates the return to the primitive faith of the lani, or, in other words, devil worship, a doctrine which appeals peculiarly to the people of these parts, and claims to have the direct protection of Heaven. The general tendency of the movement is therefore anti-missionary, but the resistance is so far passive and inappreciable. That the movement may hereafter develop a more serious aspect is shown by the following extracts from the correspondence of missionaries in the interior:\n\nMr. Hall, of the China Inland Mission at Lung Ch'uan, writes:-\n\nIf\n\nThe Chi-tan is if anything in a more flourishing state than ever throughout the whole Hsien of Lung Chuan, and some of the church members and enquirers are having a hard time of it. If something is not done soon to check it, sooner or later there is certain to be serious trouble. We hear that Wang Chih Shih received a proclamation to put out against it, but yielded to the entreaties of the gentry not to do so. As far as we know, the only places in Wanan Hsien where they dare to carry on the Chi-tan are on the borders of Lung Ch'uan.\"\n\nMr. Horne, of the China Inland Mission at Nanchang, writes:-\n\n\"At our provincial conference from the 4th to 10th April, many of the missionaries testified to the prevalence of this sect in their districts, and were at a loss to know how best to meet it. It certainly is a rapidly growing and serious menace to foreigners and mission work. It is to be hoped that they may soon overstep themselves and meet with repressive measures before any great harm is done.\"\n\nI have requested the missionaries throughout the province to furnish me with information as to the development of this society, and propose to take action as soon as a concrete case is brought to my notice.\n\nGeneral Trade Conditions.\n\nJapanese goods, mainly soap, scent, trinkets, thread, medicines, and toys figure conspicuously in most of the shops in the area visited where Japanese agents are also actively engaged in the collection of camphor, tea, oil, &c. In the two cities untaken by the Taipings, Nanchang and Kan Hsien, British and general foreign goods were found in considerable quantities. In general, the speed at which we were forced to travel prevented me from making extensive enquiries as to trade conditions. For the most part the towns visited had not recovered from the devastation of the Taiping rebellion. In the Wanan district and to the south and east of Kan Hsien ruthless deforestation now results in periodical floods of a severe nature which are a serious handicap to the local trade. In 1915 every house in Wanan district city was destroyed by water, and other cities have suffered in varying degree from the same cause.\n\nItinerary and State of Roads.\n\nMarch 19-Kiukiang to Nanchang (by rail)\n\n21-28.-Nanchang to Wanan (by water). 29-30.-Wanan to Kan Hsien (by road)\n\n73\n\nApril 1-2.-Kan Hsien to Yu Tu\n\nLi\n\n275\n\n644\n\n218\n\n170\n\nH\n\n3-5.-Yu Tu to Ningtu\n\n... \n\n240\n\n7-10.-Ningtu to Ihwang\n\n21\n\n} \n\n280\n\n+1\n\n11-12.-Ihuang to Lin Ch'uan (\n\n17\n\n>... \n\n120\n\n13-15.-Lin Chuan to Tu Chia Po (by water).\n\n310\n\nH↑\n\n\"\n\n16.-Tu Chi Po to Pai Ch'a (by road)\n\n50\n\nF\n\n\"\n\nELT\n\n17.-Pai Ch'a to Hsia Ping, Mei Ling, and Ch'uan Shan Chiu (by road) 18-19 Ch'uan Shan Chiu to Pung Hsin (by road)\n\n71\n\n114\n\nTH\n\n++\n\n\"\n\n20-Feng Hsin to Kao An (by road)\n\n60\n\n11\n\n21-22.—Kao An to Nanchang (by water) ...\n\n190\n\n2,748\n\n150\n\n2,898\n\nVisits in mountain regions away from main road (say)\n\nTotal Li\n\n-\n\nI have\n\nRoads. The roads by which our party travelled consist in the main of narrow tracks across a series of mountain ranges and valleys where rivers wandering in sandy channels are crossed on the flimsiest and most insecure of bridges. Planks or thin tree trunks of a total width of from 1 to 4 feet supported on rickety scaffolding extend from bank to bank across a space of from 20 to 1,000 and more feet. I crossed one of 85 spans of 20 feet. The crossing of such bridges on a wet dark night is a strain on the nerves and endurance of the hardiest person, and ten or more of these bridges may be encountered in a single day's journey. There is no vestige of a handrail and one is forced to make one's way across them as best one can. Travel in these parts is arduous, particularly in the spring which is the rainy season in Kiangsi province. To be carried across rough mountain-roads by amateur chair-bearers is an experience that must be felt to be truly appreciated. Better roads of course exist, but they did not serve the purpose of opium-poppy investigation.\n\nThe li are in general longer than in other parts of China, 2 and not 3 li being frequently the equivalent of 1 English mile, so that the actual mileage traversed by our party exceeded 1,000 miles.\n\nSir,\n\nHis Britannic Majesty's Consulate, Kiukiang,\n\nMay 4, 1917.\n\nEnclosure 9 in No. 1.\n\nConsul Smith to Mr. Alston.\n\nW. RUSSELL BROWN.\n\nSwatow, April 16, 1917. I HAVE the honour to report that, in accordance with the instructions contained in your despatch of the 5th ultimo, I left Swatow on the 19th ultimo, in company with the Chinese delegates, on a journey of investigation into the cultivation of the opium-poppy in Kwangtung, and returned to Swatow yesterday. All preparations for the journey had been completed several days beforehand in Swatow, but no start was possible until after the arrival of the delegates from Canton. The time at our disposal for the journey was only about a month, as the poppy harvest is practically over by the middle of April.\n\nThe Chinese officials who accompanied me were: Mr. Lam Hi Chow, the chief secretary to the Chao Hsün Taoyin, who was the representative of the Ch'ao Hsün Taoyin, the principal Chinese delegate Mr. Kum Yung Fan, the secretary to, and delegate of, the Opium Suppression Bureau, Canton; and two interpreters, Mr. Hoang Tsou Yn, English and French interpreter to the civil Governor, Canton; and Mr. Lau Wai Chi, English interpreter to the Chao Hsün Taoyin.\n\n[2729-\n\n1]\n\nI}",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-450 - Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1918 [10-12]",
        "page_number": 409,
        "title": "CO129-450 - Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1918 [10-12]",
        "content_text": "## Kam Tin\nThe sum of $200 already expanded in the purchase of a site. Roof it all for to make a front of the land purchased, free of premium, at the nominal Crown Rent of $1 pa.\n\n(Blue) WILNER  \n出 Levern 1918  \n19 dec. HIT RONG 8963  \nTheft of bus Money  \n\nThe Reports by Leung Kane Fong, 8963 RECE R. TR 19 403 a 549 Bade Pay Laat previous Paper. Check in Kowloon. Canton kly lost of lose will be made food by PO. 9. Fund. Proposes to write off balance. Has decided to abolish tours for & A substitut 4% hade Shroff, melius fi Indicates other ste to obviate future che Sowell Andere H.K. cose of a dark absconding with font: money.\n\nWith regard to the writing off of the balance of $1334.15 A otter course seems Jorseth. Ansa Teb. 14th Feb 19. personall The afft of a 4th Grade Shroff, with a peach secunts of $4000, would seem to be a santreffactory arragement; Jou mane the order securities demanded from the H.K. Kowloon stationmades Shroff are Next anbsequent Paper,  (14174-15.) Wt. 5426-16. 50m, 11/17 justified ? D&S. G 122/41.\n\nin the cros Affrore I batt - 27.0. 12/2/19  \n1 the 3rd frande At once Ale 12.2",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-450 - Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1918 [10-12].txt",
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        "series_id": 27,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-454 - Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1919 [4-6]",
        "page_number": 450,
        "title": "CO129-454 - Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1919 [4-6]",
        "content_text": "the past year, and although there has been a wide range of fluctuations in price, the trading has been generally profitable for both merchants and dealers.\n\nAmerican Cotton in Liverpool was priced at 23.20 pence per lb. at the beginning of the year, and at 29.20 at the close. The highest point reached was 25.94 in September.\n\nThe year opened with Exchange at 3/- T/T. It rose as high as 3/8 in September and closed at 3/4¼.\n\nThe quantity of Yarn (as of all merchandise) coming to the Colony has been considerably below that of former years, but statistics based on values, however, would probably not reveal this conclusively, owing to the high cost of raw materials, freight, insurance, and other charges, which of course swell the value figures as compared with those of quantity.\n\nThe off-take by Southern China has been curtailed owing to the high prices now required for most goods, and to the decreased purchasing power due to war conditions adversely affecting China's export trade.\n\nTrade has suffered by the political chaos that exists in China and there has been a lack of confidence in native circles caused by many of the usual trade routes being infested by pirates and bandits recruited from the disbanded but unpaid soldiery, which has served to check the free flow of goods and money.\n\nThe statistical position of trade in most goods however is sound, and granted settled conditions the prospects of business are encouraging.\n\n## Rope Making\nThe demand for Manila cordage was not so good and the total turnover showed a falling off from that of the previous twelve months. The high cost of raw materials and increased rates of freight were maintained throughout the year and these together with the high exchange greatly affected business with gold standard countries. Not only this but the consumption of rope was naturally affected by war conditions and the demand for cordage especially towards the end of the year fell off considerably.\n\n## Cement Making\nThe demand continued good during the year although there were still difficulties in obtaining freight room and the high exchange interfered to a large extent with exports to gold standard countries. It was necessary to raise selling prices during the year owing to the high cost of coal but on the whole the turnover compares favourably with the last two years.\n\n## Tin\nBusiness in this commodity remained about the same as in 1917. Imports from Yunnan during the year amounted to about 12,500 tons and from Kwangsi to about 200 tons as against 11,000 tons and 200 tons respectively in 1917. From Java 500 tons were imported.\n\nDuring the year about 400 tons were exported to Japan, 1,200 tons to Shanghai and other China Coasts Ports, and 10,700 tons to Europe, Canada, and the United States of America.\n\n## Various Commodities\n| Commodity | Change in Business |\n| --- | --- |\n| Rattan and Fibre Furniture | Declined to $10,000 from $200,000 |\n| Rattan Canes | Export value about $1,600,000 (was $1,500,000) |\n| Grass and Reed | Export value about $230,000 (was $130,000) |\n| Native Tobacco | About the same as in 1917 |\n| Tinned Goods | About the same as in 1917 |\n| Samsu | About the same as in 1917 |\n| Vinegar | About the same as in 1917 |\n| Knitted Vests and Socks | Declined by 20 per cent., prices up 15 per cent. |\n| Leather and Hides | Decrease of over 30 per cent. |\n| Ginger and Preserves | Bad year due to absence of orders from Europe and America |\n| Soy | 400 casks exported (was 950 casks) |\n| Paper | Same level as 1917, prices up 30 per cent. |\n| Vermilion | Business amounted to about $700,000 (was $600,000) |\n| Lard | Declined by 50 per cent. |\n\n## (c) Fisheries\nA considerable proportion of the boat population of Hongkong supports itself by deep-sea fishing, in which pursuit a large number of junks are engaged. The villages of Aberdeen, Stanley, Shaukiwan, and also many in the New Territories, are largely dependent upon this industry for their prosperity. Fresh water fish is imported from Canton and the West River. There are oyster beds of considerable value in Deep Bay.\n\n## (d) Forestry, Agriculture, and Botany\nAbout 35,000 pine tree seedlings were planted on the hills in the vicinity of the Fanling Golf Course, over 8,000 in the Cheungshawan catchment area and 1,000 on Cheung Chau Island.\n\nOn the hills east of the Fanling Golf Course, pine tree seeds were sown in situ from which about 105,000 trees have been raised. At Aberdeen nearly 9,000 pine trees were raised from seeds sown in situ.\n\nPage 446\nPage 450\nPage 451",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-455 - Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1919 [7-9]",
        "page_number": 352,
        "title": "CO129-455 - Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1919 [7-9]",
        "content_text": "# HONGKONG LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL\n\n## 347\n\n## 59\n\nAnd whereas such objections have been duly considered.\n\nIt is hereby resolved by the Council that the above-mentioned site and the erection thereat of a Public Latrine and Urinals be and the same are hereby approved.\n\nHe said: It will be seen that the notice for the erection of a public latrine in Duddell Street has been duly gazetted, and that certain owners and occupiers of property in the vicinity have objected. The objectors are the owner of the lot on which the Carlton Hotel stands and Messrs. W. G. Humphreys & Co. The objections raised can hardly be taken seriously in view of the fact that the Director of Public Works reports that a bucket latrine in the open lane at the rear of the Carlton Hotel, which is apparently used by the coolies working in this vicinity, is one of the principal reasons for the construction of the proposed water-flushed closet and urinal. This existing latrine abuts directly on the main wall of the hotel. It is extremely primitive in construction and usually very offensive. Many more hotel windows open over it than would be the case as regards the proposed convenience, which would, moreover, be further away from the hotel than the existing one and at least 20 feet below the level of the ground floor of the hotel. Considering the case of Messrs. Humphreys' premises, the intention of the Government is to do away with the very insanitary conditions which prevail in the network of small alleyways which lie on the west side of Duddell Street. The objections made were referred back to the Sanitary Board. They have considered the matter and have replied that they adhere to their previous decision. I now beg to move the resolution standing in my name.\n\n**THE ATTORNEY-GENERAL** - I beg to second it.\n\nThe resolution was carried.\n\n## Questions and Answers\n\nHon. Mr. C. G. ALABASTER asked the following questions, the answer in each case being read by the Colonial Secretary.\n\nQ - In order to lessen the loss of life in typhoons and to obviate as far as possible the exploitation of poor sampan people by excessive launch towage charges, will the Government arrange with the owners of powerful tugs and launches to render gratuitous towage service to sampans and other craft in difficulties whenever the black signals are hoisted during a flood tide?\n\nA - The question will be referred to the Chamber of Commerce. It has been considered on former occasions in connection with the loss of life in typhoons. Launch owners will not, as a rule, risk their vessels at sea in typhoon weather unless with the prospect of substantial remuneration; and it is hardly practicable to resort to any form of compulsion, as the longer a launch is out of shelter, the greater is the risk to itself, and the more difficult it finds it eventually to enter the typhoon shelter, which has in the meantime been rapidly filling up. The powerful tugs are owned by concerns having under their charge valuable property for the protection of which the tugs are necessary in typhoon weather.\n\nQ - Does the Observatory take into consideration the state of the tide in calculating the period of warning they give in the case of approaching typhoons? If not, will they give longer warning on a flood tide than on an ebb tide?\n\nA - The Observatory does not take into account the state of the tide in deciding when to hoist storm signals. As explained in the Local Storm Signal Code, the Observatory endeavours to give 24 hours (or two tides) notice of a possible gale. As soon as it becomes tolerably certain that a gale will occur, a black signal (or its equivalent signal at night) is hoisted.\n\nQ - When will telephonic communication with Cheung Chau be restored?\n\nA - It is hoped to restore telephonic communication with Cheung Chau before the end of this week, provided that the weather conditions will permit. The fault has been located and is in the cable lent by the Military Authorities, about 700 yards from the shore of the mainland side of the crossing to Lantao. This cable is an old one. The permanent cable, which is on order, has not yet been delivered. Until this new cable is laid, telephonic communication will be liable to interruption.\n\nQ - Can the Government give any information with reference to the suggested establishment of a Chinese Government aerodrome in Hongkong, mentioned in the North-China Daily News of the 19th August and the Hongkong Daily Press of the 25th August?\n\n## 60\n\nA - The Government has no information regarding this. Any aerodrome which may be established in Hongkong will presumably be controlled either by His Majesty's Government or by the Chinese Government.\n\n## THE INDICTMENTS ORDINANCE, 1919\n\n**THE ATTORNEY-GENERAL** moved the first reading of a Bill intituled, \"An Ordinance to amend the Law relating to Indictments in Criminal Cases, and matters incidental or similar thereto.\"\n\n**THE COLONIAL SECRETARY** seconded, and the Bill was read a first time.\n\nThe Objects and Reasons state:--\n\n1. The object of this Bill is to introduce into the Colony, with the necessary modifications, the provisions of the English Act of 1915, 5 and 6 Geo. V., c. 90, with the object of simplifying indictments and the rules relating to the forms thereof.\n\n2. It has not been thought necessary to enact here the provision of section 5 of the Home Act as to the costs of defective or redundant indictments; nor the provisions of section 7, as we have not adopted in this Colony the Vexatious Indictments Acts.\n\n3. Rules 1 and 2 of the First Schedule have not been adopted, as we have no Grand Jury in this Colony, and it seemed unnecessary to adopt rule 3, as it is practically enacted in the body of the Bill by clause 5.\n\n4. Rule 12 has not been adopted, as we have no Ordinance corresponding with the Children's Act, 1908, in force in this Colony.\n\n5. Rule 13 seems unnecessary, as it has always been the practice to serve a copy of the indictment on the accused.\n\n6. With regard to the Appendix to the Rules, it has been found necessary to alter the numbers of the sections in the headings in accordance with our local laws.\n\n7. In regard to the Second Schedule, many of the Acts in the Second Schedule to the Indictments Act, 1915, are not only inapplicable to this Colony, but have had no corresponding provisions to them enacted here, and consequently it has been found possible to make the Second Schedule to the local Ordinance much shorter than the Second Schedule to the Home Act.\n\n## RICE ORDINANCE, 1919\n\n**THE COLONIAL SECRETARY** moved the first reading of a Bill intituled, \"An Ordinance for the acquisition and disposal of rice by the Hongkong Government, and validating acts previously done.\" In doing so, he said: The purpose of this Bill is to make provision in as simple a manner as possible for the efficient working of the Government's scheme of rice sales. Certain acts, which have already been done under powers conferred by Order in Council, are validated, and specific authority is given to the Governor to use the powers given by the Order - whether in time of peace or in time of war, to use the words of the Ordinance - for this specific purpose of rice requisition. The Government has no control over sources of supply, except as regards rice grown in the New Territories. Under Section 6 of this Ordinance, the export of rice from the Northern District of the New Territories is prohibited except under licence, and prices have been fixed which are substantially below the prices obtaining in Hongkong, but, at the same time, sufficiently above the prices ruling over the border to check any inclination to smuggle into China. Smuggling into Hongkong we can prevent, and public opinion in the New Territories is acting as a very useful deterrent. It is not proposed to legislate for the islands in the Southern district, as the amount of rice grown there is insignificant, and it is hardly practicable adequately to supervise the movement of rice from one small island to the other. It is the intention of the Government that the New Territories shall be self-supporting; it is hoped that with the year's good harvest, there will be a surplus, and it is the Government's intention to purchase any such surplus and to use it for sale in Hongkong. The Government has already, out of the very excellent first crop this season, bought 7,500 piculs.\n\nThe Government has been blamed because it has not prohibited the export of rice, generally, from the Colony. In the year 1918, something over one million tons were imported into Hongkong, and nearly this quantity exported. It requires some effort of the imagination to understand what these figures mean to the Port - the number of...",
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        "document_key": "CO129-455 - Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1919 [7-9]",
        "page_number": 358,
        "title": "CO129-455 - Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1919 [7-9]",
        "content_text": "# HONGKONG LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL\n\nAnd whereas such objections have been duly considered.\n\nIt is hereby resolved by the Council that the above-mentioned site and the erection thereon of a Public Latrine and Urinals be and the same are hereby approved.\n\n## Questions and Answers\n\nHon. Mr. C. G. ALABASTER asked the following questions, the answer in each case being read by the Colonial Secretary.\n\nQ: In order to lessen the loss of life in typhoons and to obviate as far as possible the exploitation of poor sampan people by excessive launch towage charges, will the Government arrange with the owners of powerful tugs and launches to render gratuitous towage service to sampans and other craft in difficulties whenever the black signals are hoisted during a flood tide?\n\nA: The question will be referred to the Chamber of Commerce. It has been considered on former occasions in connection with the loss of life in typhoons. Launch owners will not, as a rule, risk their vessels at sea in typhoon weather unless with the prospect of substantial remuneration; and it is hardly practicable to resort to any form of compulsion as the longer a launch is out of shelter, the greater is the risk to itself, and the more difficult it finds it eventually to enter the typhoon shelter which has in the meantime been rapidly filling up. The powerful tugs are owned by concerns having under their charge valuable property for the protection of which the tugs are necessary in typhoon weather.\n\nQ: Does the Observatory take into consideration the state of the tide in calculating the period of warning they give in the case of approaching typhoons? If not, will they give longer warning on a flood tide than on an ebb tide?\n\nA: The Observatory does not take into account the state of the tide in deciding when to hoist storm signals. As explained in the Local Storm Signal Code, the Observatory endeavours to give 24 hours (or two tides) notice of a possible gale. As soon as it becomes tolerably certain that a gale will occur, a black signal (or its equivalent signal at night) is hoisted.\n\nQ: When will telephonic communication with Cheung Chau be restored?\n\nA: It is hoped to restore telephonic communication with Cheung Chau before the end of this week, provided that the weather conditions will permit. The fault has been located and is in the cable lent by the Military Authorities, about 500 yards from the shore of the mainland side of the crossing to Lantao. This cable is an old one. The permanent cable, which is on order, has not yet been delivered. Until this new cable is laid, telephonic communication will be liable to interruption.\n\nQ: Can the Government give any information with reference to the suggested establishment of a Chinese Government aerodrome in Hongkong, mentioned in the North-China Daily News of the 19th August and the Hongkong Daily Press of the 25th August?\n\nA: The Government has no information regarding this. Any aerodrome which may be established in Hongkong will presumably be controlled either by His Majesty's Government or by this Government.\n\n## Legislative Proceedings\n\nTHE ATTORNEY-GENERAL moved the first reading of a Bill intituled, An Ordinance to amend the Law relating to Indictments in Criminal Cases, and matters incidental or similar thereto.\n\nTHE COLONIAL SECRETARY seconded, and the Bill was read a first time.\n\n### The Objects and Reasons\n\n1. The object of this Bill is to introduce into the Colony, with the necessary modifications, the provisions of the English Act of 1915, 5 and 6 Geo. V., c. 90, with the object of simplifying indictments and the rules relating to the forms thereof.\n\n2. It has not been thought necessary to enact here the provisions of section 4 of the Home Act as to the costs of defective or redundant indictments; nor the provisions of section 7 as we have not adopted in this Colony the Vexatious Indictments Acts.\n\n3. Rules 1 and 2 of the First Schedule have not been adopted as we have no Grand Jury in this Colony, and it seemed unnecessary to adopt rule 3 as it is practically enacted in the body of the Bill by clause 5.\n\n4. Rule 19 has not been adopted as we have no Ordinance corresponding with the Children's Act, 1908, in force in this Colony.\n\n5. Rule 13 seems unnecessary as it has always been the practice to serve a copy of the indictment on the accused.\n\n6. With regard to the Appendix to the Rules, it has been found necessary to alter the numbers of the sections in the headings in accordance with our local laws.\n\n7. In regard to the Second Schedule, any of the Acts in the Second Schedule to the Indictments Act, 1915, are not only inapplicable to this Colony but have no corresponding provisions to them enacted here, and consequently, it has been found possible to make the Second Schedule to the local Ordinance much shorter than the Second Schedule to the Home Act.\n\n## Rice Ordinance, 1919\n\nTHE COLONIAL SECRETARY moved the first reading of a Bill intituled, An Ordinance to make provision for the acquisition and disposal of rice by the Hongkong Government, and validating acts previously done.\n\nIn doing so, he said: The purpose of this Bill is to make provision in as simple a manner as possible for the efficient working of the Government's scheme of rice sales. Certain acts, which have already been done under powers conferred by Order in Council, are validated, and specific authority is given to the Governor to use the powers given by the Order \"whether in time of peace or in time of war,\" to specific purpose of rice requisition.\n\nThe Government has no control over sources of supply except as regards rice grown in the New Territories. Under Section 6 of this Ordinance, the export of rice from the Northern District of the New Territories is prohibited except under licence, and prices have been fixed which are substantially below the prices obtaining in Hongkong, but, at the same time, sufficiently above the prices ruling over the border to check any inclination to smuggle into China. Smuggling into Hongkong we can prevent, and public opinion in the New Territories is acting as a very useful deterrent.\n\nIt is not proposed to legislate for the islands in the Southern district as the amount of rice grown there is insignificant, and it is hardly practicable adequately to supervise the movement of rice from one small island to the other.\n\nIt is the intention of the Government that the New Territories shall be self-supporting; it is hoped that with the year's good harvest, there will be a surplus, and it is the Government's intention to purchase any such surplus and to use it for sale in Hongkong. The Government has already, out of the very excellent first crop this season, bought 7,500 piculs.\n\nThe Government has been blamed because it has not prohibited the export of rice generally from the Colony. In the year 1918, some... \n\nPage 60",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-468 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1921 [6-8]",
        "page_number": 457,
        "title": "CO129-468 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1921 [6-8]",
        "content_text": "# HONGKONG LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL\n\nWhen I last spoke on this subject, I stated that the Government would not allow the situation to be exploited, and I thought the landlords would be wise enough to take that as a hint and confine their proposals for increased rents to reasonable limits. They have not done so; they choose to throw down the gauntlet in this way, and I am perfectly prepared to take it up. A situation of this kind cannot be tolerated, and I ask you to advise me, gentlemen, as to the steps that should be taken to deal with the situation. I desire the matter to be fully considered and propose, therefore, to appoint a committee of this Council to consider and advise what steps should be taken to protect the tenants of domestic tenements from unreasonable increases in rental and from arbitrary termination of their tenancies. I propose that the Committee shall consist of the Attorney-General, the Colonial Treasurer, the Hon. Mr. Pollock, the Hon. Mr. Lau Chu Pak, and the Hon. Mr. Holyoak. I do not wish in any way to fetter the deliberations of the Committee, but I should like to say what, in my opinion, is a possible course, one which would enable us to deal with this situation without making the position so unsafe for landlords that they will not invest their money in building further houses. I would suggest that the soundest course would be to consider what, in view of the fall in the value of money, is now equivalent to the rents which were in existence, say, in 1914 and 1915, and what percentage on rents it would be necessary to add to meet that fall. Having done that, I would further propose that in future no rent should be raised to a greater percentage without the consent of some body appointed for the purpose, and I would go further and say that if rents have been raised beyond that percentage, they should be reduced as from the beginning of next month. In order to deal with the situation of people who are given notice to leave, I would suggest that no such notices should be allowed to take effect for a period of six months—that would probably be long enough to carry us over the period of pressure caused by the influx of refugees from China, and by that time a certain number of additional houses will be ready for occupation. I am merely throwing out these suggestions for the consideration of the Committee. This does not touch houses built since 1914; their case would need to be very carefully considered. There is, as I suggested before, a danger that interference with rents may check the readiness of landlords to build houses, but I think that can be got over, to some extent at least, by making the law of restricted operation by making it for one year only and requiring it to be re-voted annually if necessary. If that is done, I consider that the situation will be materially improved.\n\nIt is with great regret that I feel compelled to ask the Council to interfere with business matters in this way. It is undesirable to interfere with economic laws, but if these laws are not allowed to work smoothly, and the landlord takes the opportunity of rack-renting by virtue of his monopoly, or makes a corner in housing accommodation, it is necessary to abandon precedents and general principles. The landlords have chosen to defy the Government and the public, and I must ask you, gentlemen, to assist me to deal with them.\n\n## HON. MR. HOLYOAK\n\nI regret to say, sir, that, on health grounds, I must decline to serve. I have been strictly forbidden, by my Doctors, to undertake any extra work for several months. I am afraid this will be a somewhat heavy task, and I must not undertake it under the circumstances.\n\n## HIS EXCELLENCY\n\nI am sure I am expressing the regret of the Council at Mr. Holyoak's decision and the reasons for it.\n\nHis Excellency enquired if the Hon. Mr. Bird would be prepared to serve on the Committee. The hon. member signified his willingness, and his name was accordingly substituted for that of the Hon. Mr. Holyoak.\n\n## Liquor Duties\n\n**THE COLONIAL SECRETARY** moved the following Resolution under the provisions of Section 41 (1) of the Liquors Consolidation Ordinance, 1911, `Ordinance No. 9 of 1911`:\n\nResolved that the Resolution made by the Legislative Council under the provisions of Section 41 (1) of the Liquors Consolidation Ordinance, 1911, on the 7th day of April, 1921, and published in the Gazette of the 7th day of April, 1921, as `Government Notification No. 139` be amended by cancelling the clauses thereof marked (f) and (2) respectively and substituting therefor the following clauses:\n\n| Clause | Amendment |\n| --- | --- |\n| (f) | $0.20 cents per gallon on all native liquor distilled in the New Territories, not including New Kowloon, for consumption in the said Territories. |\n| (2) | Stills in the New Territories, not including New Kowloon, shall be prohibited from sending liquor produced in these stills to Hongkong or to New Kowloon, provided that any licensee of a distillery who desires to send such liquor to Hongkong or to New Kowloon may be granted a permit to do so, upon payment of the duties charged in Hongkong and New Kowloon. |\n\n**THE COLONIAL SECRETARY** said---The effect of this resolution is to place the island of Cheung Chau on the same footing as the remainder of the New Territories (excluding New Kowloon) as regards native liquors distilled there. Representations have been made by those who distil native liquors that the existing regulation is having the effect of driving customers—chiefly those of the fishing fleet—to other places, and there appeared to be no reason why the Island of Cheung Chau should stand in a different position to other parts of the New Territory. The Government has decided that their representations are justified, and this resolution is the result.\n\n**THE COLONIAL TREASURER** seconded the motion, and it was agreed to.\n\n## Facilities to Contractors\n\n**HON. MR. H. W. BIRD**, in accordance with notice previously given, asked the following question:\n\n\"Will the Government instruct the Police to afford facilities to Contractors for the temporary storage of building materials on the Praya during transit from the lighters or junks in which they arrive?\"\n\n**THE COLONIAL SECRETARY** replied—This is a difficult subject which the Government has had under consideration for some time. It is proposed to provide permanent stages for the deposit of building material. Pending their construction, efforts will be made to introduce temporary arrangements which will meet the case so far as is possible without undue interference with traffic.\n\n## Cheung Chau\n\n**HON. MR. H. E. POLLOCK, K.C.**, in accordance with notice previously given, asked:—\n\n1. Has the new Telephone Cable from the Island of Hongkong to Cheung Chau, which was referred to by the Colonial Secretary in this Council on September 18th, 1910, been laid?\n2. Is it the fact that an European Sergeant is the only European Police Officer stationed at Cheung Chau, and is he constantly, in the course of his duty, absent from that Island?\n\n**THE COLONIAL SECRETARY** said---The telephone cable referred to is in two portions, the first from the mainland to Lantao near Ma Wan and the second from Lantao to Cheung Chau. These cables were laid in February, 1920, and have been working ever since, except for the period from 14th to 19th of May when the land line on Lantao was interrupted owing to heavy storms.\n\n2. The Acting Sub-Inspector in Charge is the only European Police Officer stationed at Cheung Chau. He is at times, but not constantly, absent from the Island. During the months of March, April, and May, he was absent from the Island 16 times in all for a period exceeding four hours. These absences are necessitated by visits to adjacent islands and part of the southern coast of Lantao, which are in Cheung Chau police district.",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-469 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1921 [9-12]",
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        "title": "CO129-469 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1921 [9-12]",
        "content_text": "# 103 \n\n**HONGKONG LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL** \n\n...out and bind the hands of the Government to exempt from rates for a longer period of years than three years. I understand, sir, that my honourable colleagues on the Council are in favour of this resolution, and I will now ask my honourable friend, the senior Chinese unofficial member, to second it. \n\nHON. MR. LAU CHI-PAK - Sir, I beg to second this resolution, and in doing so desire to endorse the remarks of the senior unofficial member. Whenever there was land to be developed on the mainland of China, whether for agricultural or dwelling purposes, remission of taxes of every description was granted. I believe this practice is still in force on the mainland. Personally, I have several plots of land in Chinese territory exempted from taxation of any kind for 15 years. This resolution, sir, if accepted by the Government, as it should be, would serve as some inducement to people to build new houses in view of the fact that new houses would very often take a long time to build, particularly in New Kowloon and in outlying districts such as Shaukiwan and Aberdeen, where land is waiting to be built upon. \n\nThe houses would have to wait at least two or three years before they can all be let out. After completion, one flat here and another flat there may be taken up at once. Then rates had to be paid on the whole house and even for those which remained vacant, although in the latter case the rates would be refunded should the house still be occupied after the quarter for which the rates have been paid. Meanwhile, investors have to put up with considerable loss in interest on capital and wages for caretakers. For this reason, sir, I submit that the resolution should be favourably entertained by the Government. \n\n...that I believe it will help to increase confidence in the investment of money on the erection of houses which are so necessary, I support this resolution. \n\nSir, \n\n## 18 \n\nTHE COLONIAL SECRETARY - When I saw this resolution placed upon the paper, I was surprised to think that any incentive was required to people to build houses in this Colony, in view of the fact that whenever a new building is going up, it is occupied. I think it is common knowledge that in the case of practically every single house that has been put up in this Colony for some years past, there have been tenants almost before a brick has been laid, and I cannot imagine that anything that has happened recently in the way of legislation is going to put any check on the demand for new houses being erected in this Colony. The amount of building that is going on at present for office accommodation and domestic tenements in the Colony is quite unprecedented, although during the nine or ten years I have been here, the building that has taken place has been in excess of anything since the Colony was founded. That being the case, I cannot imagine how an exemption from the payment of rates amounting to 13 per cent. of the annual value of the house is going to either encourage or stop the building which is proceeding or which is contemplated. The building which is contemplated is enormous, as is shown by the next resolution which is coming before you. Plans that have been forwarded to the Building Office are such that it is almost impossible to keep pace with them. The staff of the Building Office is working much overtime. We are increasing it, but even with the increases we contemplate, there are bound to be some delays. \n\nTo say that any encouragement is needed for the construction of new houses is extraordinary - I would almost say, ridiculous. The only case which has come before us of the development of any urban district being in any way checked was in the case of 30 houses which it was proposed to erect in a central position. The Government was told that some of the promoters of the project were nervous that legislation might be brought about which would interfere in some way with the economic problem of supply and demand, and the Government were asked to give an assurance that nothing that they would do would interfere with that position. Government replied at once that there was no legislation in contemplation which would affect those who wished to build new buildings, and it would only be by some extraordinary emergency, where the public interests were very seriously prejudiced, that the Government would ever think of interfering. It seems to me that there is no case made out for this at all. \n\nHON. MR. HOLYOAK - Sir, I rise to support this resolution because I think that it is common knowledge to us all that the passing of the recent Rents Ordinance has, for the time being, very badly shaken the confidence of the investing Chinese public, and anything that can be done to restore that confidence will be a step in the right direction. The Rents Ordinance was necessary, and we therefore passed it as a measure which we regarded as a temporary one, and the sooner it can be definitely announced by the Government that it is a temporary one and will cease at the end of the year, the better. For the reason that I believe it will help to increase confidence in the investment of money on the erection of houses which are so necessary, I support this resolution. \n\n## 104 \n\nTHE COLONIAL SECRETARY - ...it is difficult to believe that any landlord will refrain from building because if he builds, the tenants will have to pay 13 per cent. more rent. The hon. senior Chinese member rather startled me by saying that it was the common practice for premises to remain vacant for a year or two after they are completed. That does not quite agree with what we heard of the shortage of housing accommodation. As he himself pointed out, the rates are refunded on buildings which are left vacant, so that the only loss to the landlord is that he is out of the interest on an extremely exiguous sum for a short period, possibly not more than a month, during which houses remain uninhabited. As I say, if I were sure people, however illogically, would be encouraged to increase the number of buildings in the Colony by the fact that their tenants would be exempt from rates, I would sympathise with the resolution, but it would be very difficult to discover whether this encouragement had been given or not. It might be possible to get a line by considering what is the average number of new buildings and seeing whether, if such a resolution as this were to be enforced temporarily, the number of houses increased over the average, allowing for the natural growth of population. It is possible that the excess of the houses so constructed over the average of previous years might give some indication of the amount of encouragement being given by the exemption of rates, and it might, I think, be worth while to try something of that kind. I should in any case hesitate to suggest that we should pass an Ordinance making this a permanent factor. \n\nSupposing we agree to exempt them for three years, what will be the result? Does the landlord exempt the tenants from all rent? Does he say, \"I am going to charge you 13 per cent. less than I would have charged you\"? Not a bit of it. He will simply take the whole of the rent and pay no rates. I think the mover and seconder and hon. members who have brought this motion have a wonderful idea of the altruistic motives of the landlord, if they think this exemption of rates is going to make any difference, except that it will reduce the revenue the Government should receive, and possibly further taxation will be proposed later to make up for it. We do not say that it will, but still it is the logical result if this resolution is passed. I am afraid the Government is unable to accept the resolution as it stands. \n\nHON. MR. POLLOCK - To all of them.\n\nTHE COLONIAL SECRETARY - Supposing we say that new buildings will be exempted from rates for three years after their construction? I presume this motion applies to both business premises and domestic tenements. Is that so?\n\nHON. MR. POLLOCK - To all of them.\n\nTHE COLONIAL SECRETARY - ...the period of three years is much too long. What I should be inclined to contemplate would be something of a more experimental nature, say, that in the case of houses, the plans of which are handed in within a certain period, they will be exempted from rates for one year. I think that would afford considerable encouragement, if encouragement is needed, and it would prevent such an Ordinance remaining permanently on the Statute Book with the concomitant sacrifice of revenue which the Colony needs now and will need more in the future. \n\nH.E. THE GOVERNOR - I am afraid I must express my agreement with my hon. friend in saying that the Government cannot accept the motion. But I do not feel so entirely unsympathetic as my hon. friend. If I were quite sure the effect of some such measure would be to encourage the construction of new houses, I would be inclined to go some way to meet hon. members. I must confess that at present I am extremely doubtful on the point. As the Colonial Secretary pointed out, it is a very small thing indeed, and it is a case where the Government would be making a sacrifice of revenue which the Colony needs now and will need more in the future. I do not make this as an actual proposition, but I should like to consider...",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-469 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1921 [9-12]",
        "page_number": 514,
        "title": "CO129-469 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1921 [9-12]",
        "content_text": "## REPORT\n\n### Rents (Amendment) Bill, 1921\n\n4. that all appeals from the original jurisdiction, except interlocutory appeals, must be to the full court of three judges. Sub-clause (3) of clause 2 of the bill proposes to apply the provisions of the Full Court Ordinance, 1912, to any action transferred under sub-clause (1) of clause 2. The objection to making the appeal in such a transferred action lie to the full court of two judges is that it would in that case be necessary to provide that the appeal in any original jurisdiction action consolidated with the transferred action should also lie with the full court of two judges. It is certainly an objection to sub-clause (3) of clause 2 of the bill that an appeal to the full court of three judges places additional delay in the way of the determination of a class of cases which ought to be heard speedily, especially as the Ordinance is only a temporary one, but the consideration mentioned above seems to outweigh this objection.\n\n6. Clause 5 of the bill is intended to check the practice of issuing distress warrants for amounts in excess of the standard rent, apparently in the hope, often well founded, that the tenant will have neither the means nor the knowledge to resist such an illegal distress by means of ordinary civil proceedings, with their attendant expense and technicality.\n\n7. Clause 6 makes it a criminal offence, punishable with a fine of $1,000, for any person to do any act mala fide in order to induce a tenant to quit. This clause has been inserted because of complaints that certain landlords have been removing windows and even staircases in order to drive their tenants out.\n\n8. Clause 7 provides that a notice to quit given under section 4(1)(f) of the principal Ordinance shall not be valid unless given or confirmed by leave of the court. It also provides that, even if leave is given, the lessee may apply at any time for damages if he can prove that the notice was not bona fide. Section 4(1) of the principal Ordinance deals with cases where the lessor gives notice to quit on the ground that he intends to pull down or re-construct the domestic tenement. Clause 7 has been inserted in the bill because it appears that certain landlords are using this provision mala fide, i.e., in cases where they have no real intention of reconstruction and are prepared to abandon their alleged intention to re-construct provided that the tenant is prepared to pay an increased rent.\n\n9. Clause 8 provides that a notice to quit given by a lessee is not to affect any sub-lessee, unless the latter concurs with the notice.\n\n10. Clause 9 provides that an ejectment order against a lessee is not to affect any sub-lessee. This provision is taken from the English Act.\n\n11. Clause 10 provides that upon the determination of the interest of a lessee, any sub-lessee becomes a statutory tenant of the head landlord on the same terms as he would have held from his immediate landlord if the latter's tenancy continued, but at the standard rent. This is also taken from the English Act.\n\n**J. H. KEMP, Attorney General.**\n\n19th October, 1921.\n\n## No. 1. REPORT OF PROCEEDINGS OF THE STANDING LAW COMMITTEE, AT A MEETING HELD ON THE 28TH OCTOBER, 1921.\n\n**PRESENT:**\n\n* The Honourable the Attorney General, (JOSEPH Horsford KEMP, K.C., C.B.E.)\n* the Colonial Treasurer, (CHARLES MCILVAINE MESSER, O.B.E.)\n* Mr. HENRY EDWARD POLLOCK, K.C.\n* Mr. LAU CHU-PAK.\n\n**ABSENT:**\n\n* Mr. PERCY HOBSON HOLYOAK.\n\n**RENTS AMENDMENT BILL.-**The Committee considered the bill intituled An Ordinance to amend the Rents Ordinance, 1921. They also considered certain suggestions forwarded by the Hongkong Law Society to the Attorney General under cover of letter dated the 27th October, 1921, certain criticisms put forward on behalf of the landlords, a suggestion to provide for the case of bankruptcy, and three additional draft clauses submitted by the Attorney General.\n\nThe Committee unanimously agreed to recommend that clauses 7, 8, 9, and 10 of the bill should be omitted, and that the three draft clauses submitted by the Attorney General should be inserted in the bill.\n\nThe three clauses in question are as follows:\n\n### Notice to quit to bind sub-lessees in certain cases\n\n7. Notwithstanding anything contained in the principal Ordinance or in this Ordinance, any bona fide notice to quit duly given by a lessor to a lessee in reliance on the provisions of paragraph (f) of subsection (1) of section 4 of the principal Ordinance, as amended by section 2 of this Ordinance, or in reliance on such provisions and on the provisions of section 8 of this Ordinance, and given in accordance with the provisions of the said paragraph, so amended, shall operate so as to bind all sub-lessees deriving title directly or indirectly from the lessee to whom such notice shall have been given.\n\n### Notice to quit given by vendor to lessee for benefit of purchaser in certain cases\n\n8. If the owner of any domestic tenement agrees to sell such domestic tenement to a purchaser who bona fide intends forthwith to pull down such domestic tenement or to reconstruct such domestic tenement to such an extent as to make such domestic tenement a new building within the meaning of the Public Health and Buildings Ordinance, 1903, and if such owner agrees with such purchaser to give the necessary notices to quit, any notice to quit given by such owner in pursuance of such agreement shall enure for the benefit of such purchaser as if such purchaser had been the owner at the time when such notice to quit was given and had given such notice to quit, provided that nothing in this section shall relieve such owner from the obligation to state in writing at the time of giving such notice to quit whether such purchaser intends to pull down such...",
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    {
        "id": 492292,
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        "document_key": "CO129-475 - Governor Sir Stubbs & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1922 [5-7]",
        "page_number": 222,
        "title": "CO129-475 - Governor Sir Stubbs & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1922 [5-7]",
        "content_text": "September 3rd, 1921.]\n\nanything by way of facilitating the building of new houses in this Colony, and it is with the view of removing that reproach from the Government that this resolution is brought forward. I do not think, however, there can be any question that new developments in this Colony are very urgently required. The recent preliminary census has shown us that probably the normal increase of the Colony's population is about 20,000 a year, and we also know that any disturbances which take place from time to time in the neighbouring provinces are liable to bring an influx from the mainland of China.\n\nAs regards the principle of exempting from liability to any rates any new buildings, I believe such a principle is adopted in some of the States of America, and, as your Excellency is aware, the Home Government—though I do not know that it has adopted that principle—has adopted the principle of raising loans for building houses in order that money may be advanced at a moderate rate to those desiring to build new houses. That principle has been adopted at Home and the other principle has been adopted, I think, in the United States of America.\n\nI think, sir, that this principle of exemption from rates would be, in view of the present state of our finances, perhaps the easiest way of granting facilities for the erection of new buildings. I think the term of three years after completion, which I have suggested, is quite a moderate term. I was anxious, I may say, to make the term moderate because, embarking upon what is a new experiment, one's tendency is rather to be conservative than to launch out and bind the hands of the Government to exempt from rates for a longer period of years than three years.\n\nI understand, sir, that my honourable colleagues on the Council are in favour of this resolution, and I will now ask my honourable friend, the senior Chinese unofficial member, to second it.\n\nCHINA OVERLAND TRADE REPORT\n\nsooner it can be definitely announced by the Government that it is a temporary one and will cease at the end of the year, the better. For the reason that I believe it will help to increase confidence in the investment of money on the erection of houses which are so necessary, I support this resolution.\n\nThe Hon. COLONIAL SECRETARY: Sir, when I saw this resolution placed upon the paper I was surprised to think that any incentive was required to people to build houses in this Colony in view of the rush there is whenever a new building is going up to occupy them. I think it is common knowledge that in every block of buildings every single house that has been put up in this Colony for some years past there have been tenants almost before a brick has been laid, and I cannot imagine that anything that has happened recently in the way of legislation is going to put any check on the demand for new houses being erected in this Colony.\n\nThe amount of building that is going on at present for office accommodation and domestic tenements in the Colony is quite unprecedented, although during the nine or ten years I have been here the building that has taken place has been in excess of anything since the Colony was founded. That being the case, I cannot imagine how an exemption from the payment of rates amounting to 13 per cent. of the annual value of the house is going to either encourage or to stop the building which is proceeding or which is contemplated.\n\nThe building, which is contemplated is enormous as is shown by the next resolution which is coming before you. Plans that have been forwarded to the building office are such that it is almost impossible to keep pace with them. The staff of the building office is working much overtime. We are increasing it, but even with the increases we contemplate there are bound to be some delays.\n\nTo say that any encouragement is needed for the construction of new houses is extraordinary—I would almost say, ridiculous.\n\nThe only case which has come before us being in any way checked was in the case of 30 houses which it was proposed to erect in a central position. The Government was told that some of the promoters of the project were nervous that legislation might be brought about which would interfere in some way with the economic problem of supply and demand, and the Government were asked to give an assurance that nothing that they would do would interfere with that position. The Government replied at once that there was no legislation in contemplation which would interfere with that position.\n\n221\n\ncharged you? Not a bit of it. He will simply take the whole of the rent and pay no rates. I think the mover and seconder and hon. members who have brought this motion have a wonderful idea of the altruistic motives of the landlord. If they think this exemption of rates is going to make any difference except that it will reduce the revenue the Government will receive, and possibly further taxation will be proposed later to make up for it. I do not say that it will, but still it is the logical result if this resolution is passed. I am afraid the Government is unable to accept the resolution as it stands.\n\nH.E. THE GOVERNOR: I am afraid I must express my agreement with my hon. friend in saying that the Government cannot accept the motion. But I do not feel so entirely unsympathetic as my hon. friend. If I were quite sure the effect of some such measure would be to encourage the construction of new houses I would be inclined to go some way to meet hon. members. I must confess that at present I am extremely doubtful on the point.\n\nAs the Colonial Secretary pointed out, it is a very small thing indeed and it is a little difficult to believe that any landlord will refrain from building because if he builds the tenants will have to pay 13 per cent. more rent.\n\nThe hon. senior Chinese member rather startled me by saying that it was the common practice for premises to remain vacant for a year or two after they are completed. That does not quite agree with what we heard of the shortage of housing accommodation. As he himself pointed out, the rates are refunded on the exiguous sum of a short period, possibly not more than a month, during which houses remain uninhabited. As I say, the only loss to the landlord is that he is out of the interest on an extremely small sum.\n\nIf I were sure people, however illogically, would be encouraged to increase the number of buildings in the Colony by the fact that their tenants would be exempt from rates I would sympathise with the resolution. It would be very difficult to discover whether this encouragement had been given, or might be given, by considering what is the average number of new buildings and seeing whether, if such a resolution as this were to be enforced temporarily, the number of houses constructed over the average previous natural growth of population.\n\nThe Hon. Mr. LAU CHU-PAK: Sir, I beg to second this resolution, and in doing so desire to endorse the remarks of the senior unofficial member. Whenever there was land to be developed on the mainland of China, whether for agricultural or dwelling purposes, remission of taxes of every description was granted. I believe this practice is still in force on the mainland. Personally, I have several plots of land in Chinese territory exempted from taxation of any kind for 15 years.\n\nThis resolution, sir, if accepted by the Government, as it should be, would serve as some inducement to people to build new houses in view of the fact that new houses would very often take a long time to build, particularly in New Kowloon and in outlying districts such as Shaukiwan and Aberdeen, where land is waiting to be built upon.\n\nThe houses would have to wait at least two or three years before they can all be let out. After completion, one flat here and another flat there may be taken up at once. Then rates had to be paid on the whole house and even for those which remained vacant, although in the latter case the rates would be refunded should the house still remain unoccupied after the quarter for which the rates have been paid. Meanwhile, investors have to put up with considerable loss in interest on capital and wages for caretakers. For this reason, sir, I submit that the resolution should be favourably entertained by the Government.\n\nThe Hon. Mr. HOLYOAK: Sir, I rise to support this resolution because I think that it is common knowledge to us all that the passing of the recent Rents Ordinance has for the time being very badly shaken the confidence of the investing Chinese public; and anything that can be done to restore that confidence will be a step in the right direction.\n\nThe Rents Ordinance was necessary, and we therefore passed it as a measure which we regarded as a temporary one. The exemption of rates, and it might, I think, be worth while to try something of that kind.\n\nI should in any case hesitate to suggest that we should pass an Ordinance making this a permanent factor. We trust that this shortage of accommodation is not going to be permanent, and I think a further period of three years in any case is much too long.\n\nLook at the rates in this Colony—13 per cent. If you were to ask any householder in the United Kingdom what his rates are, he would tell you they were about 75 per cent., and I happen to be one who knows that there is hardly any urban district in England where the rates are less than 50 per cent. 13 per cent., and I think that so far as houses are concerned, is the lowest rate existing in any large city in any British territory.\n\nI cannot see what the object of the motion is. Supposing we do say that new buildings will be exempted from rates for three years after their construction? I presume this motion applies to both business premises and domestic tenements. Is that so?\n\nThe Hon. Mr. POLLOCK: To all of them.\n\nThe Hon. COLONIAL SECRETARY: Supposing we agree to exempt them for three years, what will be the result? Does the landlord exempt the tenants from all rent? Does he say I am going to charge you 13 per cent. less than I would have charged you?\n\nIt seems to me that there is no case made out for this at all. I should be inclined to contemplate something of a more experimental nature, in saying, that in the case of houses, the plans of which are handed in within a certain period, they will be exempted from rates for one year.\n\nI think that would afford considerable encouragement, if encouragement is needed, and it would prevent such an Ordinance remaining permanently on the Statute Book with the concomitant sacrifice of revenue which the Colony needs now and will need more in the future.\n\nI do not make this as an actual proposition, but I should like to consider the matter. I should not like to commit myself at the present moment. I am afraid I cannot agree with the hon. member's motion as it stands.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-475 - Governor Sir Stubbs & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1922 [5-7].txt",
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    {
        "id": 492978,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-476 - Acting Governor Claud Severn & Governor Sir Stubbs - 1922 [8-12]",
        "page_number": 331,
        "title": "CO129-476 - Acting Governor Claud Severn & Governor Sir Stubbs - 1922 [8-12]",
        "content_text": "AMERICAN EXPRESS COMPANY.\n\nBANKING DEPARTMENT: Current Savings and Time Deposits in Local Currency, U.S. Dollars and Pounds Sterling; Issuance of Commercial and Travelers Letters of Credit; Collection of Drafts, Bills, Notes or Deposits Sale of Money Orders, Drafts, Cable and Mail Payments; Foreign Money Bought and Sold; Liberty Bonds Cashed; American Express Company Travellers Cheques.\n\nSHIPPING DEPARTMENT: Forwarding of Import and Export Shipments, Parcels, Baggage, Bullion, and Securities; Freight and Express Consignments in large or small lots between all parts of the world; Marine Insurance; American Express Company Through Bills of Lading.\n\nTRAVEL DEPARTMENT:\n\nTHE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH.\n\nSATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 30, 1922.\n\nBANKS.\n\nSHIPPING NEWS\n\nThe following local shipping and mail intelligence has been corrected to noon to-day-\n\nVessel Pres. Wilson Dover M. Indien Kueichow Morioka M.\n\nMylie Kaiping Szechuan Hangsang Laibang Georgii Westfalen\n\nfor\n\nVessel Mohon\n\nReliable information planning trips, Tours or Cruises anywhere; Sale of Steamship, Railway, Sight Seeing Guide Tickets at regular Tariff rates; Baggage Insurance; Hotel Reservations.\n\nA COMPLETE WORLD-WIDE BANKING, SHIPPING AND TRAVEL SERVICE.\n\nDevorongis Yue Ying Wa Shizunka M. Shape Alabama M. Morioka M. Kiungchow Triseng Poolee\n\nYat Shing Kaijo M. Victoria Hangsang Dzufac\n\nVessels Arrived.\n\nAgents Pacific Mail Dodwell John Manners 8 & 8 NYK Moller & Co. Sing Kee B & S JH & Co. Wo Fat Sing Arnhold Bros.\n\nAgents Yue Woo OSK Yuan Seng Fat Chrong Bat NYK B & S OSK NYK B & S J M & Co. Hung Shun J M & Co. OSK\n\nFrom 8. Frisco via Manila Chinwantao Shanghai Canton Taikoo Dock Kow. Whf.\n\nASIA BANKING CORPORATION.\n\n(An American Bank for trade with the Far East.)\n\nOwned by group of American Banks and under the control of the New York State Banking Department and the Federal Reserve Bank.\n\nComplete banking facilities incident to foreign trade. Travellers Checks of the American Bankers' Association and the Guaranty Trust Company of New York, negotiable throughout the world, for Sale and Encashment with us.\n\nHEAD OFFICE:\n\nMooring Eow. Whf B 55 ▲ 52 Yokohamaa via Moji Saison C 36 Haiphong via Pukhoi Canton C 39 B. 19 C 35 Calcutta via S'pore Canton Kow. Whf. C 16 Bolt's Whf. Shanghai\n\nBRANCHES Canton Tientsin Hankow Peking Bremen via S'pore\n\nClearances.\n\nVessel\n\nWhere Bound\n\nDeparture. Sept.\n\nTerrane Yokohama vis S'hai Canton Hoihow hi Besttla via Keely Shanghai via Amoy Tacoma via Dairen Calcutta Amoy via Swatow Saigon Fort Bayard \" 6'hai via Swatow 1st Oct. Keelung Melbourne via Sandakan J M & UG. Tongtro via Swatow \" Bangkok via Swatow China Aut.\n\nImpending Departures.\n\n(Compiled from our Shipping Advertisements.)\n\nJ M Co. Destination Tientsin Singapore Sailing Date 1st Oct. let New York\n\nBRANCH: San Francisco. HEAD OFFICE FOR THE ORIENT: THE CHINA SPECIE BANK LTD.\n\nHEAD OFFICE: Manila Singapore D. M. BIGGAR, Manager.\n\nTHE BANK OF CHINA.\n\nTHE HONGKONG AND SHANGHAI BANKING CORPORATION. HEAD OFFICE HONGKONG. Paid-up Capital Reserve Funde:- Sterling ... Silver $20,000,00 £4,500,000 $23,500,000\n\nkocezve Limbliday of Proprionezu § 29.800,000.0\n\nDODAT OF DIRECTURE G. M. Dodwall, Eng.-Obama. Hon. Mr. A. O. Lang-Deputy ChairmN. DG. K. Borzard goa, Mr. B. V. D. Parz A. M. Bower Smith, Eng W. L. Pattonden. Be G.T.K. Edkins, B. B. P. Waits. Be P. E. Holyoak . Cute! Manny): A. G. STITHES, Reg Manager: Abazyba! ——9, B. Mun Bes\n\nLONDON BANK: LONDON COUNTY WESTMINATION PARK'S BANK, LIMITED\n\nCurrens aconas opened is Leeal Barret and Fixed Depoaths recorved far on your i borter perioda a Losal Ourrapay and Òsterling na termi which will be quoted on appliest)00\n\nHongkong, 20th February, 1922 (Specially authorized by Pres- idential Mandate of the Republic HONGKONO SAVINGS BANK St. George's Building, Hongkong. of China on the 22nd of Novem- ber, 1917.)\n\nChairman of Board of Directors Mr. Wong Shiu Ham Chief Manager... Mr. L.S. Holum Asst. Manager... Mr. K. T. Wong Hongkong Manager. Mr. I. P. Allen Foreign exchange and general hanking business transacted.\n\nCurrent, Savings, and Fixed deposits bear interests at rates 2% 4% and 5% per annum re- spectively.\n\nL. S. HOLUM.\n\nChief Manager Hongkong, 2nd October. 1920\n\nNEDERLANDSCHE HANDEL MAATSCHAPPIJ.\n\n'KITHERLANDE TRADING SQUINTY,)\n\nBablished 1834 100,000, 8,333,333\n\nPaid-up Capital1:19 446,200 £1,620.433 Reserve Fund....... ....................... Spacial Laser F1.22 650,000 21,889,333\n\nHead Offer:—Amsterdam' Branches at The Hague Botterdam - Brad Agency :--Batąpia BRANCHES Pekalongan Tebing Ting RearijeraİD Knokeres Bandoent Bombay Medan Padang Bingapura Boerabal Borzakarta Caloutta Palemban (Boin) Due Hongkong Cheribon Djember Prong (Dell) lot Oct. Djokjakarta Pontiana Int Kobe Rangooz Telok Betong 2nd Rota-Radja Bamarang Tjilatjup Shanghai 2nd örd 7th\n\nVessel Agents Stanley Benmohr Alps Maru Westfalen Free Claims Goods Storage to be Stored Expires In by A L Kowloon Sept. 29 Oct. 24 GL & Co. Kowloon Oct. 4 Oct. 18 Oct 4 OSK Kowloon Oct. 4 Oct, 8 Wed. & Saturday RD Co. Holt' Oct. 6 Oct. 19 Oct. 5\n\nExamina tion Date Sept 28\n\nSteamers' Movements.\n\nLaomedon for London. Rotterdam and Hamburg. left Shanghai ou 27th inst for this port, dne here on 30th p m and will be despatched at 4 pm. un 2nd October Protesilaus from Pacific Porte. arrived at Yokohama 28th instant. Mentor arrived at London on 27th September.\n\n!Ange Weltevreden Correspondents at Colombo, Madras Pondi oberry, Bangkok. Baigon, Haiphong, Hanoi. Amoy, Yokohama, Belbourne, Sydney, New Tork, San Francisco, ets,, ete.\n\nLondon Bankers: The National Provimajai, and Union Bank of England, Limited.\n\nThe Bank bays and sells and receive for collection Bills of Ezcbenge, issum tottera <1 credit on a Branches and correspondents the East, the Continent, in Great Britain. America and Australia and transsets banking business of every description.\n\nW. B, GRONKAMP.\n\nAgent.\n\nBANQUE DE L'INDO-CHINE (FRENCH BANK.)\n\nHead Onos: 96 Boulevard Hausamana, Pazin, Ginyo M. arrived at Yokohama on September 20th., and sails October 2nd for Capital - Honolulu, San Francisco and South Americk.\n\nMilan, Sept. 29. A hundred and forty-four bodies of victims have been recover- ed from the Spezzia explosion. More fatalities are feared. The rupted.\n\nInjured total six hundred.\n\nPOST OFFICE NOTICES.\n\nHongkong Kengtze Noumes Papeets Peking Paom-Pent Pondicherry\n\nBANKERS.\n\nBhaure Tientsin Tour Do Vladivostook Yuankolo\n\nReserves Frabos 45,000,000 50,000,000\n\nBRANCHEA AND AGENGJES.\n\nBangkok Bairon\n\nTelegraphic Communications with Gap Rock and Waglen Lighthouses are inter-\n\nINWARD MAILS.\n\nambang Djibout! Haiphong Jankow Надоб\n\nFrom Per Duo Haiphong Azay Le Rideau ..30th Sept. Shanghai.. Kanchow ...30th\n\nRESTRICTION OF RUBBER OUTPUT.\n\nLondon, Sept. 29. A supplementary report of the Colonial Office Rubber mittee is to be issued shortly. It is anticipated it will restriction of output in British overses possessions.\n\nEurope via Suez (Letters only, London Shanghai... favour Jupan 31st Aug.) Com-Australia & Manila\n\nLaisang ...30th Taiyuan lat Oct. Suiyang + 2nd Arafura Sicilia President Grant F ... 2nd 3rd\n\nOUTWARD MAILS.\n\nPer\n\nMOORISH BRIGAND SURRENDERS.\n\nSan Sebastian, Sept. 27,\n\nThe Minister for Foreign Affairs announces the surrender of the brigand Raisuli, who has caused considerable trouble for\n\nEurope via Buen (Papers only, London 31st Aug) Canada, U.S.A, Japan & Shanghai\n\nPor Swatow. Amoy & Kestung...\n\nmany years.\n\nIRISH POSTAL STRIKE SETTLED.\n\nLondon, Sept. 29.\n\nThe Irish postal strike, which has been in operation for several weeks, was settled yesterday.\n\nTO KEEP WELL IN\n\nGAMBLING WITH THE DOLE.\n\nTwo men out of number before the Durham\n\nTHE HEAT\n\ndaily regularity\n\nthe charged first importance, and to ensure\n\nCounty magistrates with gaming\n\nja\n\nof\n\nthis Pinkettes are perfection. These gentle little\n\nthe\n\nShanghai, N. China & Dairen Switow & Bangkok | Weikaiwei, Chefno & Tientsin\n\nShanghai & N. China... Saigon Samahur & Wnehow Straits & Egypt ... Japan\n\nSwatow ..\n\n---\n\nPhilippine Is Philippine Is. Shanghai, N. China, Japan, Honolulu, Canada, U.B. A., C. & S. America, & *Europe via San Francisco...\n\n+++\n\nadmitted that they had been swatow, Amoy & Foochow receiving laxatives\n\nunemployment Straits & Calcutta \"dole,\" as well as Poor Law relief Shanghai & N. China. The chairman said it was a dis Haiphong, Saigon, Straits, Ceylon, Mauritius Marques, S. Africa, grace that people should in this.\n\nIndia via Dhanuskhodi. Aden, Egypt & Europe via Marseilles...\n\nPINKETTES\n\nway waste money received from- the Government for the upkeep\n\ndispel constipation, regulate the of themselves and family. In\n\nKaijo M.... Arabia M. Kiangau ... Kueichow Szechnen... Haiyang.. Kochow ... Laomedon\n\nLaisang ... 17th\n\nDate :OCTOBER: -\n\n| IN FRANCE: Comptoir National d'Emom! de Paris Credit Lyonnais; Banqu de Paris et dra Pays-Bas; Credit Industrial et Commercial Boiacte Generale.\n\nIN LONDON: The National Provinais sad Union Bank of England Ltd., Comp toir National d'Escompte de Paris; Credit Lyonnais.\n\nIN NEW YORʦ J. P. Bogna 3 M\n\nInterest allowed on Current Accounts and Fixed Deposita scuording to arrangement.\n\nEvery description of banking and exchange business transacted\n\n7. MARSOT,\n\nAoking Manager.\n\n...Sun., 1 inst., 9 a m. Hongkong, October 21st, 1918. ...Sun.. 1 inst., 9 a.m ...Sun.. inst., 9am. ...San 1 inst., 9 a.m. ...Sun., 1 inat, 9am. ...Mon., 1 inst., 9 a m. ... Sun.. 1 inst. 10 a.m. .Mon., 2 inst. 10 30 a m\n\nTHE MERCANTILE BANK OF\n\n.. Mon., 2 inst.. ? 30 p.m Hydrangos......Man.. 2 inat. 3.30 pm.\n\n......Mon, 2 inst., 5 pm Slavic Prince ...Tues., 3 inst., 9 a m\n\nTyndareos\n\nPresident Wilson... Tnes, Jinat..\n\nRegistration 9.15 a.m. Letters 10 a m (Due San Francisco 25th Oct)\n\n...Tues., 3 inst., noon.\n\n..Tuee, 3 inst\n\n1. PD ...Tuse., 3 inst, 2 p.m\n\nHaifong Kutsang Kanchow\n\n---\n\nAngkor...\n\nliver, cuce bilious attacks, sick future the magistrates thought Bangkok... headaches, bad breath, costed that all similar cases should be\n\nPhilippine Islands Iloilo, Sandakan. tongue, clear the skin of pimples taken under the Vagrancy Act, and blotches. Of chemists, or so that offenders could be sent to post free, 60 cents the vial, trom prison for three months. Fines Dr. Williams' Medicine Co., 96 were imposed ranging from £2 to Szechuen Road, Shanghai. 1£5.\n\n---\n\n..1nen. 3 inat\n\nINDIA, LIMITED.\n\nSend Offna 11, Ornenshurst\n\n#treat. Lozdon, 8. 0 1.\n\nAuthorised (apita) Aubearibed Capital Paid Up Capital Reveres Fund\n\n£3,000,000\n\n-\n\n-\n\n1,000,000 2.860,000 1.150,000\n\nDAVIERS\n\nThe Bank of Haglund The London Jolat City & Midlang Bank, Lad BS.ANCHE:- Bombay Calcutta Colombo Dalbi Galle Яoogkons Howend Kandy\n\nRegistration 145 pm. Port Louis (nurtsins)\n\nLettera 230 pm. (Due Marseilles 7th Nov) Doen Samud...Tues., 3itat, 4.30 pm\n\nKarachil Kota Bhere Kuala Lump Madra New Yorl Perang Kangoon Bbanghe\n\nBingapore HONGKONG BRANCH Every deseription of Banking and brabange business transmoked.\n\nInterest allowed on Current Accounts at 8 per vent per annum on Daily Balanses, and on Fized Deposits at rates which may ba asceptained application.\n\nN. C. WILSON, Aoting pagar,\n\nAustralia & New Zealand via Thura- day Islands\n\nArafura...\n\n---\n\n*Correspondance hearing vansel's name only.\n\n... Wed 4 inst.. Registration 8 15 a.m. Letter's ga.m (Due Thursday Islands 19 Oct.)\n\n1, Queen's Road Central. Hongbong, 17th, January, 1822\n\nAuthorized Capital..$60,000,000.00 Paid up Capital...... 18,278,600.00 Reserve Funds...... 9,629,425.24\n\nHEAD OFFICE PEKING Hongkong Branch: 4 Queen's Road, Central.\n\nBranches and Bub-branches all over China other parts of the world\n\nThe business of the above hana ɔs soudbase by the HONGKONG AND SHANGHA! BANKIN CORPORATION.\n\nAndes may be obtained an appurasi-D INTEREST on inwe\n\nCorporation, on th\n\nMinimum monthly balanges at $34 rer aona\n\nFor the Honghong sad wager Barbra\n\nA. H. BARLOW, Acting Chief Manage\n\nand Correspondenta in Kurope, America, and THE CHARTERED BANK OF\n\nINDIA, AUSTRALIA AND\n\nLondos Bankera:-The National Provincial and Calon Bank of England, Ltd The Guaranty Trust Company of New York. New Tork Bankers:-The Irving National Banka. The Puitable Trust Company of New Yor]\n\nCHINA.\n\nIzaorporated by Boval Chan 12\n\nInterest allowed on Current Accounts and Fixed Deposits. Terms on application Evary description of Banking Business traD RESERVE LIABILITY OF\n\nnoted\n\nLosas granted on approved neuritics Special failities for Home Exobangs.\n\nTSUYEE PEI\n\nManager.\n\nPAID-UP CAPITAL_ RESERVE FUND PROPRIETORE\n\n£1,700,00\n\n43.000.\n\nFOREIGN PICHANG) and Beneral hol\n\ning bugle transacted,\n\nCURRENT ACCOUNTS +paned and PIN DEPOSITO rapeived for 1 year or sborist person atste which will be quoted on naplisation\n\nJ. LICROCKATT.\n\nManage).\n\nTHE BANK OF EAST ASIA, Hongkong, 1st January, 1914.\n\nLIMITED.\n\nHEAD OFFICE No. 10 Des Voeux Road Central, Established 1919.\n\nAUTHORISED CAPITAL 1. CAPITAL.\n\n20,908.00% 00\n\nRESERTS FUND) mátti várnak meg§- 300,000.00\n\nDIRECTORS:\n\n2. Pong Way Ting, ChaIEDAS\n\nHOL. Mr. Chow Shan Son. Mr. Kan Ying Pu\n\nM Loon Chua,\n\nMr Fox Play Bhas\n\nMY P. K. Kwok,\n\n*. Thang Linh\n\nMr. Buyab Tal\n\nMr. Mck Ching Kong.\n\nMr. Wong Yun Tong, Mr. Cha Ching dhok, Mr. Kan Obiz Nam.\n\nDale Manager Mr. Kon Tong Pn. Loss. Manager, Mr. Li Tu Pong\n\nBRANCHES & AGENCIES:- NEW YORK LONDON PARIS SHANGHAI XOBE NAGASAKI SINGAPOR TIENTSIN MANILA\n\nSAMARANG CALCUTTA SAN FRANCISCO YOKOHAMA SAIGON PENANG HANKOW BATAVIA SOURABAYA BOMBAY CANTON\n\nLinden Backers: ---The London Joins Ühty and Midland Bank, Ltd.\n\nEvery description of Banking and Exchange business transacted. Loans granted on approved securities.\n\nInterest allowed on Current Deposit Account at the rate of Two per oost. per annum on Bav Ingi Asanunt Four per deni, por ananu, sad on Fixed Deponiis at the following ratan:-\n\nFor a month at the rate of 3% per annum For montbe at the rate of 4% por ana Foz 10 mostbe the rate of 6% per\n\nIAN TONG PO.\n\nBongbong, Marab Mh. 1991\n\nÜbiof Mangor.\n\nTHE FUTIEN BANK,\n\n2. Connaught Road, Central\n\nGeneral Banking and Exobange Business Transacted, Losas Granted O Approved Becurities\n\nInterest of Fixed Deposits— For 12 months... For\n\nmontbe .....\n\nFor 3 months.\n\n--% per annum,\n\n3% per annum.\n\n2% per aIELD,\n\nUn Demand Current Avvounts :-\n\n2% per annum on the Daily Credit Balakene of over $100, )\n\nLA CHEE YA.\n\nManager\n\nTHE INDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL BANK, LTD.\n\nNo, 6. Des Voeux Road HONGKONG.\n\nBANK OF CANTON\n\nLIMITED\n\nHEAD OFFICE, HONGKONG\n\nFOREIGN EXCHANGE D General Banking BURIDAR Transacted.\n\nINTEREST ON PIXEI DEPOSITS.\n\nFor 12 Months 5% per annum, For 6 Months 4% per annum For 3 Months 3% per annum. On Demand 2% per annum\n\nCURRENT ACCOUNTS\n\n2% per annum on the daií credit balances of over $100.00\n\nLOOK POON SHAN,\n\nChief Manager.\n\nTHE YOKOHAMA SPECIE BANKELT)\n\nBataulinand 1800 Cupita) (fully paid ny) — Reserve Fund\n\nBatavia Y 200.000 - 2. $.000.00\n\nBRAD OPPION, TOKORAMA Brushes and agensis N Bombay Buenos A7zm Calcutta Changchun Dairen (Dalny)\n\nKai Ines Tube Loydas Los Angeles Mantin Lyons Fengties Makdan Nagasaki\n\nHamburg Hankow Honolul Tokyo Harbin Nagoy Newchwang Draks\n\nZARZDOR Bo de Jaarl Bnerabeys Baigos Ban Fransi Beattie bangbal Bingapor Bbtmomon\n\nSydney New York Tienki TUBANIA\n\nPeking Vladivoston Thington\n\nInterest silowed on Current Asconais, Deposits received for hyed period\n\nba obtained on application.\n\n2. KIDHYAMA\n\nMasajul,\n\nBongo. 11th September 1922.\n\nINTERNATIONAL BANKING CORPORATION.\n\nU. $18,000, DEN U. B 5,458,15 G. B. I D80, 11\n\nCAPITAL AND SURPLUS: CNDIVIDED PROFITS: RESERVE FOR DIVIDENDS: (Owned by the National City Bank of New York)\n\nHOAD OPPION; 60 Wall Stroms. NEW YORK BRANOMES. LONDON: 36 Bishopsgas, L. C. LYONS: 37 Pisos Tolosas BAN FRANCISCO; 232 Montgomery Struer CHINA: Canton, Bankow, Harbin, Hongkong\n\nPeking Bbanghai, TrenseLD, DOMINICAN REPUBLIO: Kurrió Plana Sez Pedro de Macoria, Banobus Baguays Banto Domingo, Karamona, San Fran eino de Mooris Chatar INDIA: Bombay, Calausts, Rangoon\n\nTHE INDUSTRIAL & COMMERCIAL BANK, LIMITED\n\nHead Offee-York Building, Boad, Hongkong.\n\nBranches :--\n\nit hanghai and Hankow. Correspondents in all qummerajai denizen\n\n■China and abroad JAPAN: Kobe, Yokohama. BAVA: Batavia, BouraonYN PANAMA: Colon, PanaIDE. PHILIPPINE 18LANDS: Onbu, Malin. of SPAIN: Barcelona, Madrid,\n\nSTRAITH SETTLEMENTS : Singapore,\n\nBRANCHEM OF THE NATIONAL STY BANK OF NEW YORK, ARGENTINA: Buenos Altos, koenzie- BELGIUM: Antwerp, brassek,\n\nPrompt Service. Attractive rates för all kinds of DepoHILD, Inquiries are welcoma,\n\nS. Y. HSUEH,\n\nManager.\n\nTHE CHINESE MERCHANTS BANK. LTD.,\n\n醬精飓有行账\n\nLO\n\nAlexandra Bulld'ap1. Chster Boad\n\nDozera and Exebunga busimon\n\ntronasutad.\n\n| HEa2kl. Paranobus, form Amen. Bao Janeiro, Bancos, Ban Panic\n\nCHILE: Bantingu, Valparaino\n\nCUBA Bavana sod 22 səsinə in Cuba. ENGLAND: adaa.\n\nITALY:\n\nPERU: L\n\nPORTO 100: Pobus, dan Juna.\n\nRUSSIA: Mosenw, Forzigrad, (emporarily closed).\n\nURUGUAY: Mosterides VENEZULLA. Luznomi\n\nDADZIDO Pinshine tras\n\nAll descriptione di autod. Loans granted on approved suvarities.\n\nInterest allowed on surrent and satis Current Accounts opraad sad Fixed Deposits accounts and fixed deposita in joom va foreigi rseeived a rator which may be assortaimed ourrondins al raïme to be kerurteaned on applièw on application.\n\nThe Ban als conduct a Bavings Depart\n\nmeni.\n\nC. LAD. Chief Manaдет\n\n1105,\n\nGLURGY BOGG\n\nMaunger.\n\nHorford September, 30th. 1,22",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-476 - Acting Governor Claud Severn & Governor Sir Stubbs - 1922 [8-12].txt",
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        "id": 494821,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-479 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1923 [1-3]",
        "page_number": 366,
        "title": "CO129-479 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1923 [1-3]",
        "content_text": "Page 361\n\nStatement showing in detail the staff of the Police Accounts Office and the duties of each member of it.\n\nThe staff of the Police Accounts Office is as follows:-\n\nAccountant - Mr. A. J. C. Taylor\n\nAssistant Accountant & Store Supervisor - Mr. W. F. Stone\n\nGrade II Clerk - Mr. Ip Kam Kwong\n\nGrade IV Clerk - Mr. Kwok Sze Fan\n\nGrade VI Clerk - Mr. Cheung Chu Wai\n\nGrade II Clerk - Mr. Ku Chik Fu\n\nShroff Grade VI - Mr. Chen Sze Cho\n\nAccountant's Duties.\n\nRevenue. He is responsible to the Captain Superintendent of Police for all Public Money collected by the Police Department for Licences Etc.\n\nTo see that the licences are correctly issued and to supervise the issue of licences.\n\nTo see that all bills are promptly rendered and that the amounts due are collected.\n\nExpenditure. To check all vouchers for expenditure before they are submitted to the Captain Superintendent of Police for signature. To verify that all accounts passed for payment are in accordance with the orders and contracts and that they are debited against the correct votes.\n\nTo make out all personal emolument paylists for the Fire Brigade.\n\nTo make out all cheques for the payment of the Police and Fire Brigade salaries and other charges.\n\nImprest Account. To make all advances authorised by the Captain Superintendent of Police and to see that amounts so expended are recovered.\n\nSubsidiary Accounts. Deportee Account.\n\nAdvances are drawn from the Treasury for these accounts and the Accountant is responsible that all payments made are recovered from the various Governments and firms. He makes out the vouchers for\n\nPage 361\n\n361",
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    {
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        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-481 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1923 [8-12]",
        "page_number": 364,
        "title": "CO129-481 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1923 [8-12]",
        "content_text": "55\n\n# HONGKONG LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL\n\non\n\nI got the Building Ordinance Officer's report on various properties. Though he says that these premises are \"old\" he does not put the \"cross\" against them which denotes dilapidation.\n\nI am sure the Chinese members will agree—I say that in the hot weather a very large proportion of the people living in Chinese tenements prefer to live in the streets, because of the heat within doors. In threatening weather you may see them with little tents over their heads. Sleeping in the streets has no connection whatever with this housing question.\n\nHON. MR. KOTEWALL - My Chinese colleague and I would like to bear out the comment just made by the Colonial Secretary. It struck me whilst the Senior Unofficial Member was speaking that his remarks were somewhat overstated.\n\nany\n\nH.E. THE GOVERNOR - I will defer remarks I propose to make until we come to consider individual amendments in committee. There are only two things I should like to say at this stage: the first is I sincerely trust that this will be the last time the Council will be called upon to extend the operation of the Rents Ordinance; the other is that I should like the Council to understand the immense amount of work which the Colonial Secretary has been personally putting into this matter for weeks past. --Applause).\n\nThe second reading was then carried, and on the motion of the ATTORNEY GENERAL the Council went into Committee to consider the Bill clause by clause.\n\nIn moving the proposed new clause of which he had spoken, HON. MR. POLLOCK said-I should like to say with regard to what has fallen from the Acting Colonial Secretary that, first of all, I am satisfied that it is desirable to have some body which can be referred to as a committee in this question of reconstruction, and that for the reasons I have given in my speech on the second reading. I quite appreciate the extraordinary efforts of the Colonial Secretary for the re-housing of tenants, but it is desirable that it should come before a regularly constituted body and that there should be a body which has a certain legal status. The Colonial Secretary, in his position, carries a great deal of prestige and influence, but I think it is desirable that there should be some body which by law has power to put a certain check on reconstruction, until satisfactory measures have been taken for the re-housing of tenants. That is the reason I press for this cause. With regard to Belilios ...\n\n|\n\nThe suggestion\n\nH.E. THE GOVERNOR-I should like to say at this stage that I propose to leave it to the unfettered discretion of the Council to adopt this amendment if they wish. If I had to vote I should vote against it for two reasons. In the first place I desire once more to emphasize that I hope this Ordinance is about to come to an end at the end of twelve months from now, and I think it is a mistake to tinker with a temporary Ordinance, and thus lead people to believe it is more likely to be renewed than is the case. The second reason is that I feel that however unreasonable it may be the adoption of the clause may tend to prevent people reconstructing in cases where it is manifestly desirable that reconstruction should take place. When a man is just wavering on the point whether he shall or shall not destroy insanitary premises—really insanitary I mean and not only legally so he may be determined not to do so by this clause. He will not wish to submit all his plans to the consideration of two bodies. The Building Authority is a very hard-worked department and unquestionably requires a little time to examine plans. The suggested Committee might be another body of busy men and the time devoted to the examination of plans would be naturally increased. Government departments are blamed for delay and it is possible that the virus of the delay would spread from the Government body to the new committee. If reconstruction, where it is desirable, is checked, I think we shall be making a very serious error. At the present time we are getting a large amount of desirable reconstruction done at the expense of the landlord. If it is not done by him it is probably only a question of time before it is necessary to do it at public expense. Now, everybody seems to have money to spare: they are ready to spend it in reconstructing buildings because, owing to various circumstances, including revolutions in China, remunerative employment of capital in China is difficult to find. When that condition of affairs passes away and people have other uses for their money it is unlikely they will be content with the six or seven per cent. they can get out of reconstructed tenements. When that time comes they will put off the reconstruction as long as their houses will hold together.\n\nPage 66\n\nH.E. THE GOVERNOR-In case there was any misunderstanding. I hope no official member considered that anything I said bound him to vote in any other way than his own judgment dictated.\n\nHON. MR. POLLOCK was understood to say that His Excellency expressed a strong opinion and it was only to be expected that it would influence the voting of the Official Members.\n\nH.E. THE GOVERNOR - I should be sorry to suppose that members of the Public Service were quite so invertebrate.\n\nHON. MR. POLLOCK, who was still very indistinctly heard, made a remark to the effect that the result was bound to follow.\"\n\nI must confess I should be reluctant to be a member of the proposed committee unless I was an architect or an engineer, because if the committee refused permission to reconstruct and there was a serious disaster - supposing Belilios Terrace to collapse upon its inmates I feel that the committee which refused to allow it to be reconstructed would find their consciences and their reputations suffer as the result. However, as I say, if the Council considers that this clause should form part of the Ordinance, I am perfectly content to leave it to their decision. There is one other point. It is proposed that the committee should have discretion to postpone reconstruction for as long as eighteen months. If the Ordinance is only to last twelve months it is undesirable to have a longer period named in the measure itself. The position would be that the committee would have power to exercise jurisdiction under the Ordinance six months after the Ordinance had expired. I suggest the substitution of the figures 12 for 18 in the amendment.\n\nH.E. THE GOVERNOR—I must really dissent and object to the phrase used. If anybody considers that I am endeavouring to jockey the unofficial members into the belief that I have influenced the official members when I have not, I beg to repudiate the suggestion most heartily, I consider that the official members have the right to express their opinion and to hold the opinions they express. Unless they are directly instructed by me that a measure is a Government one which they must support they are free to vote in accordance with their own convictions. I must confess, Mr. Pollock, that I am amazed that you should suggest that I should be responsible for a manoeuvre as you have described it.\n\nHON. MR. POLLOCK accepted the suggestion and the amendment was then put.\n\nH.E. THE GOVERNOR - I think the \"No's\" have it.\n\nHON. MR. POLLOCK called for division, and the votes were recorded as follows:\n\nFor:- Hon. Mr. H. E. Pollock, Hon. Mr. P. H. Holyoak, Hon. Mr. A. G. Stephen, Hon. Mr. R. H. Kotewall, Hon. Mr. Chau Siu Ki. Against- Hon. Mr. A. O. Lang, Officer Commanding the Troops, the Colonial Secretary, the Attorney-General, the Colonial Treasurer, the Secretary for Chinese Affairs, the Director of Education, the Director of Public Works.\n\nThe amendment was, therefore, lost by eight votes to five.\n\nT'e-\n\nHON. MR. POLLOCK made a remark not clearly heard at the Press table to the effect that the unofficial members would obviously not vote in favour of the amendment after the very strong expression of opinion which H.E. the Governor had given against it. It did not amount to free voting but was a manoeuvre to defeat the unofficial minority, and he did not consider it fair.\n\nam\n\nHON. MR. POLLOCK - All I wished to say was that putting it to the vote of the officials after Your Excellency has expressed yourself strongly in a certain direction is not really leaving it to the unfettered decision on the Council.\n\nH.E. THE GOVERNOR - Council will proceed with the discussion of the Ordinance.\n\nHON. MR. POLLOCK mentioned an amendment to Clause 7 suggested by the Tenants' Association. It was to the effect that \"the Magistrate may order the lessor to allow the lessee possession of such domestic tenement.\n\nTHE ATTORNEY-GENERAL commented that after a house had been rebuilt it might be difficult for a former tenant to find ...\n\n357",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-481 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1923 [8-12].txt",
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    {
        "id": 500966,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-489N - Governor Sir Stubbs & Sir Clementi - 1925 [8-12]",
        "page_number": 1,
        "title": "CO129-489N - Governor Sir Stubbs & Sir Clementi - 1925 [8-12]",
        "content_text": "Pearl Theatre \n\n(Opposite DUTCH FOLLY, THE BUND.) \n\nPROGRAMME FOR \n\nTuesday to Thursday Aug: 11 to 13 1925 At 1.30, 6.45 and 9.15 P.M. \n\nMARION DAVIES \n\n→ STE -- \n\n\"The Restless Sex\" \n\n7 KEELS \n\n--AND- \n\nEDNA MARIAN \n\n-IN- \n\n\"Her Daily Dozen\" \n\n(Comedy in 2 parts) \n\nThe Sun Roof Garden. \n\nCinematograph, Different kinds of Chinese & Foreign plays. Amusements are shown Day and Night. \n\nAdmittance 35 Cents. \n\nExtra charges for Tom, refreshments, Talossops Observation, \n\nExhibitions of Transtigaration. Special Vinoma \n\nRear Seats \n\nnt \n\nTHE CANTON GAZETTE, WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 13, 1925. \n\nSoviet Mercantile Fleet \n\nThe \n\n\"Sovtorgflot\" \n\n\"MONGUGA\" $74 \"PAMIAT LENINA\" \n\nwill leave Canton for Swatow and Shanghai and Vladivostok on or about 18th August. \n\nFor further particulars apply to \n\nPetroleum Office of Trade Mission of U.S.S.R. in China at Canton \n\n(Agents of Soviet Mercantile Fleet \"Berfo glat\") \n\n2nd floor, Central Bank of China Buildings, The Bund. \n\n行銀央中 \n\nTHE CENTRAL BANK OF CHINA \n\nEstablished by Government Mandate of 7th August, 1921 \n\nOfficial Government Depositary \n\nGENERAL BANKING BUSINESS TRANSACTED \n\nTelephone: Central 199, 444, 777. \n\nTelegraph Address: \"CENTRAL\" \n\nTSE VUNG SOONG \n\nChief Manager \n\n東 \n\nThe Bank of East Asia, Ltd. \n\n(CANTON BRANCH) \n\nSAPSAM HONG STREET, CANTON. \n\nHead Office-HONGKONG. \n\nCable Address---**FASTA BANK” \n\nSHAMKEN, \n\nTelephone No.-1876 West. \n\nAuthorized Capital $10,000,000.00: $5,000,000.00 \n\nPaid-up \n\nReserve Fund \n\nBRANCHES & AGENCIES throughout the World. \n\nEvery kind of banking facilities:- \n\nGranting loans on approved securities. \n\nSelling drafts and buying bills on Foreign agencies, \n\nTHE ORIENTAL HOTEL \n\nAND \n\nRESTAURANT \n\nTHE BUND \n\nFACING THE PEARL RIVER \n\nWith the Whole View of Canton City \n\nFrom the Roof Garden \n\nModern Accommodation and Comfortable Equipments \n\nHot and Cold Baths \n\nServe best Foreign and Chinese Meals \n\nWe prepare party dinners \n\nThe Sincere Co., Ltd. \n\nUniversal Providers. \n\nThe Bund, Canton \n\nNew Arrivals Of Tinned Goods And Silks \n\nOur Own Manufacturers:-- \n\nAERATED WATERS, PERFUME, GLASS WARE, METAL WARE, RATTAN WARE, FURNITURE, &C, SOAP, \n\nOUR ROOF-GARDEN:- \n\nCinema and a Variety of Chinese & Foreign Plays \n\nAdult 35 Cents, \n\nAre shown DAY & NIGHT.-- Admission \n\nSavings Department. Concessions to small depositors with current accounts interest \n\nTHE SUN CINEMA. \n\nPROGRAMME FOR \n\nAugust 12th to 0th, 1925 \n\nTRIANGLE PLAYS \n\nPRESENTS \n\nDOROTHY DALTON \n\n \n\nThe Far Eastern Trust and \n\nSavings Bank, Ltd. \n\n34, SECOND MALOO \n\nWEST BUND, CANTON. \n\nHONAM-SUB \n\nCABLE ADDRESS \"BANKTRUST\" \n\nBRANCH \n\nTA KEE TOW \n\nAll descriptions of Banking Business transacted, \n\nInterest allowed on Current and Savings Accounts and \n\nLoans granted on approved securities. \n\nIN \n\nFIXED DEPOSITS. \n\n\"The Dark Road” \n\nIN FIVE BIG REELS \n\n$1,80 \n\nVarious Comedies \n\n \n\n \n\nTHE \n\nChina Development \n\nCommercial \n\n& Savings Bank, Ltd. \n\nTelone (9-tra] 792 \n\nAditing, West Bugend B'. \n\nCroston \n\nTHE SUN Co., Ltd. \n\nUNIVERSAL PROVIDERS \n\nWEST BUND; & WAI OI STREET, OLD CITY. CANTON, \n\nfe in to join advantage to visit our Wholesale and Retail Departments. All kinds of China silk piece goods, boots and shoes, hats, outfitting, etc. \n\nPROFESSIONAL QUALITY \n\n7 out of 10 cases of \n\nHEADACHE \n\ncan be cured from eyestrain. If you were a victim of this trouble, you should have your eyes examined soon. \n\nDO IT AT THE SUN CO. \n\nDr. K. K. Yang, who takes charge of our Optical Department, \n\nhas specialized on Ophthalmology and Optometry. \n\nJET \n\nSuits for our third floor, well-stocked for \n\nDR. KÜNK, \n\nA modern Banking and up-to-date... All manner of interest rates allowed for all kinds of deposits. \n\nLoans granted on approved securities \n\nBANK OF CANTON LIMITED, \n\nHEAD OFFICE, HONGKONG, \n\nINTEREST ON FIXED OR WITH \n\nCURRENT ACCOUNTS \n\nFor 12 Months 5% per annum, \n\nFor 6 Months 4 per annum, \n\nFor 3 Months & per annum on the daily credit \n\nbalance of over $100.00, \n\nOn demand \n\n2% per annum \n\nChief Manager \n\nLABOR AND PEASANT MOVEMENT. \n\nTHE CANTON \n\nGAZETTE \n\nWEDNESDAY, AUGUST 12, 1925. \n\nCommerce Leaders On Trade Permits. \n\n(Continued from Page 1) \n\nPeanut Oil Shipments \n\nDiplomatic Commission's Report On Shanghai \n\nShootings \n\nNo Enthusiasm For Judicial Inquiry--Chinese Rights Recovery \n\nMovement. \n\nPeasants Movement. With The Strikers. \n\n„Outing to the best product of elibe th Workers infinging the vari joik being insul? cirat far the preda Government Devises Means To \n\nMeeting Of Peasants Union OffThe \n\nSow bad but all good to be the people, to saul rely Aid The Workers On Strike. 1st Division Of Pun Yu District. \n\ntransporth a sie abject to ajan skipun ka the hum A present the movement for the inspection, and this shows that the Taingear wind beachwang Bia the (YBOX QUE YEASANT CORRESPONDENT) \n\nand Nationalist Revolution \n\nthe authorities \n\not oflented buke massage, shipping bus bort tilf After the establishment of the Nations emancipation has \n\nuniformily is the internal affairs, tied up, and regular supplies of oil only the faulted brake from Shock Of French Minister's Split. Diplomatie turpe have ap \n\nPeasants Union of the 1st division \n\nprogressive, Rod towardɛ the actio Mr. Long Ton Hing said the Geotou lava imen impossible Paris sud Teky, is generally) \n\nfelt tore that thpt of the parently reanvered from the sbank Pon Yo! Fongebuan) f \n\nof the rains wochers on ekrike, Commit-ones Buty land taken up tuns causing a ries in the murkor \n\nConniving to Shanghai should be of the Fench Minister'e rezigna District great soccer das fillorect \n\nthe Governmel has led its be the maler with His strikers, adde \n\nThe Cute Balta Unkel liebed bioause it participeter, in att pablico give them advice and estistuuon, the Butte Cermitte died rent Mr. \n\nSo for very little Tadication for I was told to day that the vacancy thas create on the Uɔra- activities. This is the third soul goes the Atrike a garrist into Lai Torg Fo to the Come Shaughst kan spesially pirates; meeting for skation of Commit fot, the Gavermout has red Department to deal conjully wished a forge consignawel of pear on glee by the Legatione contain would most probanly as Members. Everyone attended the} \n\ndevire no efforte to \n\nen forit. so said that this in simply full from Tsingtao, for shipment turning its esetents, but the Chinese led in the course of a few days. \n\nIt is nateraled that the moment are thornghiy convinced that it) After the recting with interess. \n\nmaintaining the livelihood of the matter the part of the Pickete Caston to meri leoni nada. misssacre of the bite Persillut. Me-trikers, and \n\nA gram bas bra rectly contains wittesuls cond-matia of the Walebicoupe agres to limit the ital diturions to the Shangbai 1 taken further sed it can be iti u the met Lum Pub-abus, the prepa krew steps to plan for this organizing held by the rite it from Shanghai stating that the Shanghai. In the encantas, affair and disttangle it entirely well that in neder to gata fedemtion of a fre Labor Employment Boday. \n\nwas shipped to Caxton per 8.8 therefore, the excuse of the Legather fauce, the L-gations will \n\nHua Tan1 \" Yang\" to tins that pubility would be a fester inte formal negations. they should be crited. \n\nTwo Problems, \n\ndesirable në the prcent time would \n\nThere does aut seam to be ruah \n\narrive within a few days. It is an \n\nipated that the price of oil on the \n\nt seem to be tenable, for the bope that this will secar for some \n\nreport on the progress sẽ chlá i \n\nwill drup \n\nBurns:iudings of the Commiration canuettes how ver, for pessimistio views \n\nUnion during the past half year. \n\nhe said Agency, and will be \n\nJone of them saying to-day, \"Every \n\nof esucer ions to the Chinese side of thing is right up is the st.\" \n\nthe \n\nasket \n\nMr. Wis Chung Tong said that \n\ndisending the question Specia! Porrults, there are two lar] (2) Reading a report from the viraduced to work at the taaleries porte: & niste which require dia. cedially the oil spot w salt. contain anything like the number \n\nare the rais sung the Diplomate, Provincial Prasanta Bulou giving of the Qovernment, Organized curiou pervious to other points;- \n\nbio of gel permits, hai 1.vfile care silaged in Chines circles. The Judicial Inquiry particulare of the Sbike and Pelili | Bodies or private onneeros. \n\nnal conditions, \n\nSOLUTIONS: \n\n(1) A 1 I'm perleliete Sad Erbed sny tinta to \n\noverthrew our revisionary \n\nmeet, we take it that this preval. ni \n\nwamacre is no opportunity for \n\nnational revelation to come lo touch with the Imperialists, \n\nReports are to be made by a \n\n(1) I The Hous of Special Permits \n\nFly \n\nwiched to know what slegs are to be \n\nthe factorior together with the \n\nHere shali-hed? of names of Camic workers, and & \n\nStill the authorities are \n\ny \n\nI have tried to obtain official \n\ntaker in case of an IGLESINE colnetant, even to discus3 be repropilen on the Shanghai suggestion \n\n(3) be in revani juchfying And detention of gcle after the they say that it is tharugbly of judicial inquiry me a prelunicary moso to Diplomatic nogatíations. at tinn of Sucis! Permits, and understand abrand bath \n\nthe question skoold content and in spirit. One fois! be British Legation refuse to cros heronghi sussidered and prep tuld me to-day that the Commission rant on this or any other anggen ensures adopted in safeguard the cted an the eyes and curs of the tine and other Legation are not nthusiastic, the g-coral opinion Diplomatic Corps and that their findings were intended merely being that the bat way out of the \n\nMr. Chow Tie bong said that \n\nbeats for the Tegations in their present imposan is to concentrate on wh the Chinese the task of commiting the Chinata \n\n\"It's setrue tovernment to a conferences \n\nfuture. \n\native-vuot \n\nto be cent mostly to the shove the fame of puniat Purists, but mentioned raployment Agency. | there permite abon'd be perfine₫ 1 giving paritenters of the retire-goode which necessarily seqnies \n\nIt should be sorate and appointments of workers.aponia! permission. The workers who are now set of pheduled as to what sort of good#] () As the Torpaciaklata do do! | employtcut will shen he introduced are specially emitted and what] like na to have any protest in Recording to their order of registra-sort of goods can be transported thought glat per missing is zorgulations \n\nfreely. There are send goods. thesarily quired for \n\ngads and native tate, ned that \"ggest that the report evatuise \n\ned to ma sa. Who will you appiat parahase of which in weessary le \n\nwholesale condemnation,\" he said. \n\nWhen asked the nature of the judgest Who in to suggest a meet demands, but which are for special permission should only he list of goods to he boycotsed \n\nobtained when its cecessarily peers autarquently extended judicisi inquiry? Whose respost- the Commission, this official replied bility is F It was felt that the regaired for the gonde. \n\nwwa entirety outside the Mr. Lee The Ting said that he \n\nthat they wers iustimated to tey to \n\nmatter \n\nGnd basia of onderstanding with nommatenae of the Diplomatin Corps quite agreed with the option the Chinese delegates. This agro Chinese \"Obstacles\" Mr. Le Long Yo \n\nthat the qualienment, bait it been sirived at, wond \n\n(2) The atrikers are not striving for their own privilegra but striving \n\nfor national freedom \n\nChild 15 Cents, \n\nHOTEL \"ASIA.\" \n\nWEST BUND, CANTON. \n\n亞洲大酒店 \n\n廣州市西 \n\nDOW \n\n49 \n\nBeveral questions were propound- \n\nBuoi pinion is that, as long \n\nthe Shanghai Comantasion' \n\net e they axercise their finsreini \n\ntun, to work at these fmolorice influence to purabase tools such as \n\nwhich will be only allowed to tak Chang Teo-lin, He Yao-nan, ou the workere from the Emply Chen Chiong-ming, Tavg Punjab ment Agency first before they are and other anti-revolutionarists to allowed to employ outridle workers. \n\nMr. Chiu Riang Yo said that опросе аль \n\nBerides the above Agency, Lonsidera at the isang of each Workers Reception House will alan Special \"ermits and he put into be retablished to norept the workers forer, for it is within the power of \n\nunemployed. Their \n\ndaily the authorities to dreide whether of adapting proper meastires to if have been used by the Diplomatie) \n\ngoard the future stoukk he Carpa to gain a complete ander (4) Strike is the only wesJOG \n\nexpenses will ho fixed ecording to Special permission is to be given o \n\nby naslona to try to persuade the that we have to fight against the \n\ntheir profusion while \n\nthe But, bat en har part we should considered, but that a list of the standing with the Chinese Cover report serasina a pstery, it would echinit the case to Daperiliis, therefore if our strike responelbility of using the fandsgather to publie epioion sequods abcold be made unt first 1nment. He wisked to emphasize that: \n\nthe much discussed document could blese to complication anj that: is successful the Government is also so reset those ux penina will be whotter suob Squaint Permita should \n\nnot be made public for the reasor judicial inquiry, they being fully ancetesful but if is fails the Gov shouldered by both the Government be enforced or nut- \n\nHodded at preclamation should be issued for that it containert confidential vinced that the report contatos an indiętoget of Shanghai. In information which was intended for theen streamatseen the ChiansO thero 6:0 gonta wbich requiro \n\nMr. Chiu Kiang Ya said that re the sole use of the Diplomata in Jonger exist. \n\nA Worker Training Rehoal will special permistion and these are (a) Wo pensaate living i \n\nhe instituted within the aboy goods belarging to the nations with tentatives should be nominated their negotiations with the Chines glowy villeges provive ile dame Reption Hopen lo benel the whieh perange of Huseietconnee Jay this Chimeran Deperiment in Govornicent. \n\nthe vare Delicate Position \n\nMerever it has always bron dea cacemic and political oppressional workers \n\ntid comparatively stan has been difend, and it is \n\n[vidared in Peking that the Chinese from the Io perinata as the people valushie Parsing in the the art nucess to spunify in detail ni \n\nLater meeting of the maider themselves the judger on of all claeren presise. Therefore agro-ding to their usual profession. these grode. \n\nDiplomatie Corps 1983 held the Shanghai affair. They always morning. No statement refer to the British as the culprits efter was Kiven out, A British and will not approach the problem report Legation officiel saying that the to the alightest spirit of vara pre- \n\nposition we so delicate that nothing mias \n\ntriñera. \n\nwe must also do cur bit to help tho The neurre in this soholi will b \n\nfor grjually inorvused in faturs \n\nELECTION. Mr. Wong Hung Ploihe aake of promoting the estu \n\nwas cleabed as the Priest, and \n\nof trokers, \n\nvold \n\nLeonjunction with \n\n：： Khambers of Commerça \n\nPestigate and to decide what sui \n\nwill Jequire Spei \n\nin \n\nE \n\nthut \n\nMr Chow Chin Sheen Fald that of goods In considers the enfora meal of the Permissing, \n\n» Special Permite quite thorough investigation a Impossible breaust of the \n\nMr. Puo Kam Hong said that event of Specis! Perrite sheold \n\nVice President. Mesers Yi Ram Cheaper Fire-wood For difficulty and tesuits in derling \n\nMr. Ta Yang was elected as the \n\nHot, So Ku and Chong Xu more \n\n堤 \n\ncheted sa members of the milte and Massrs Lon Sek And Wong Yon, Tow Pa elected as judge \n\nL'o- Mus wore \n\nDESTRUCTION OF PEASANTS UNION AT HAI LU FONG. \n\nLEADING HOTEL IN SOUTH CHINA \n\nFirst Class Accommodation, Hot and Cold Water Service Throughout, Electric Lights, Fans and Elevators. Perfect Sanitary Arrangements. Spien- did Dining Room, Meals a la Carte, Excel'ent Cuisine. Public Bar. First Class Billiard Room. \n\nRoof Gardue \n\nBanquets, \n\nSplendid Views of Canton City and Pearl River Hairdressing Saloon. Moderate Rates. \n\nUNDER THE MANAGEMENT OF \n\nTHE SUN CO, LTJ, CANTON. \n\nHIGH-GRADE \n\nJob Printing \n\nEXECUTED WITH \n\nPROMPTITUDE \n\nAND \n\nACCURACY \n\nAT LOW COST \n\nTHE CANTON GAZETTE \n\nPRINTERS & PUBLISHERS \n\nCanton. \n\nwith such permits and on secourt: \n\nof the time for shipping the goods being a shot. \n\nskuld be made. \n\nFald \n\nuld say: \"Now that the first port is unfavourabls, you want 'armiker liquiry.\" \n\nKuomintang Leadership. \n\ncould be issued in the Press. Thie attigial \n\nthat your \n\nThe underlying fant of the pre- permitted reappondent might b ho temporarily auspended and that \n\nthat the Carpa End madent situation is that the Shang- the Cinmei Dë Depurament bebeen idle in three lost for weeke, affair been completely in istenes on Scoing that firemund is a daily \n\nMr. Le Tie Ping euid that, in requ zied to form in juration but that the usture of the diecur near sha inged by \n\n{with Commercial circles, theBious must remain sceret peril aceh recovery of perige rights. The cessity for the people, the Gay \n\nbie opiblor, the eve of Special \n\ntime on it was opportune to make slagan. \"Abolish Unequal Treating\" lab ur glass Me, an \"Association of ennen? gave special orders to the \n\nby the l'ems for the \n\nany aument to the waiting warld.sted to ba mnapilize} parpore of deltae simics at tho Esat, West \n\nFrons efter gaatters Fundor Rusintang, bat sowadays oven Meericua in miting the importation of foreign investigation for the parate of \n\nluvestigating into the question. jstand thas the Waichinupa has at the most gamervative Chinese, wha and Forth Rivera veling that they should preveu gods that the products of our \n\nyot acerpted tire Legational thru months ago would have con The Chairman, having laid the exhortion of the easiled prut clius | country \n\nongiortation \n\nflow battled befa any ditens wild mees are reacting themselves the side of the rights rayhty sins take pluca ch other matters, made This is the argument Low bez movement.--Peking Correspondent \n\ncarried on by theu Juiling, the of the N. C. Dally News \n\nfor \n\nA telegram from the Peasants fees on all junts carrying fir foreign eruntries are not fer, and hove proprenis before the membe- iw point beat the Shanghai case-moedach rail as th Faik \n\nUnica of Hai Fung, \n\nrends: \"A \n\nveer 500 \n\nhan:1 Roldiers \n\nthat be thinks that free transporta- \n\nfor the \n\nFangwood Ea Cartan, sed should give \n\nwas Amendment tebel them every proficios Instead. \n\nThese orders hayo bee heya ton of goods from one place to ing commented by Lo Yet \n\nYoung by the various defrate armice, and another in an ew couster should passed by the musetingi- Tange Chok Moy, Yoce Viu Chong in the past few days the varius a permitted, but the distinction Pass Resolution \n\nChore, are fireword junka at 660 different was kind of grods should be stated. Seng Bad Chung being assisted by Cheng Bon Nemecticus have been able to arrive at \n\nIn added thek tice su and other uti-resolutiousrists and Canton in perfect safety without! \n\nthe nemaity of paying the prate Capitalists and nailed to one group. They are being careled by the re- \n\nb- General Trb. Their le sia \n\nle to rain the pensant of Flai anri \n\ntion fera en-erate? \n\nKeon the extention of Pea mach \n\nprein Permits may perhaps \n\npexible with regard to trade with \n\n“That be spesixi permits will be \n\nquired the goods which are Dok; the gods of the romy vations. The The va i us Chemibres \n\n& reign compris, but it is absolute for Commerce for \n\nng there junk by the lunal hundits | ly impossible d'or interne! trade, \n\nLu Fang. The Prasanta Uniors bse not \n\nof Hai Lu Fang and Chin Tongeving \n\nنا \n\nbeen a heavy \n\nbefor \n\ntho protection of the \n\nwere destroyed by the rehols, and armies: hesos the great deep in the the Preddent of the Executive price of fireword on the inseket. \n\nJu edditio: 47 the Committed Mr. Sit Aam Yito wai \n\nkidnapped. \n\nAs the \n\nthey \n\nbruke inty \n\nMr. \n\nChoy Tel \n\nCommittee of that division and \n\n+x-Presilent of the Executive Traine, amely:- \n\nCheck on \"Enemy\" Goods. \n\nAmmittor \n\nHow British Oppress the \n\nChinese Seamen in \n\nHongkong. \n\ncurtain \n\nChinese TOS\", \n\nif \n\nstrikera in \n\nCanton wre facing starvation and that they อวน!! strike Bod return to Canton they would meet the same fate. \n\nThe seamos replied that they \n\nconjointly with the Authorities, to avsetigate to what ark of godle named Chan bau, who had been wall strika even though they \n\narrasted and detained by Hongkong Government for seizetize) \n\nMr. Pan Kam Blong said that | og enemy auflon gunde.\" \n\nWork \n\nthered to ₫ nth. \n\nthe particular reason of iasing The suggestion of Mr. sheve such profel Permits to do Kok Sbing to winate the Proud was recently expelled from \n\nbaye veranen of financial commction; \n\nChinese \n\nseamen \n\nAgain Ho Baiskwong threstened \n\n•hem by saying that if they do ant \n\nbe \n\nĮsomply with his order, they would \n\nhe \n\nsubject to arresŠ. The seamen \n\na that they would prefer to be \n\nlime large shipments of fireworks! the house of also arrived from the North River with certain foreige patiune. ad Bid-st of the four Chamb-tot Hongkong is connection with \n\nverzner only applies Commerce as representatives to see strike, has come up in Cantos and the Beation by the Ynot-Han Railway that the Low, \n\nto genie \n\nof the Britial and the cho Commissioner of Commerce related how the British Imperialists imprisoned than to continue thir \n\nwith fe added that and \n\nin employ. consult \n\ntim oppresg Japanese patious. \n\nHearing this, its halfcaste the Commerce Department should ainut the procedure, was passed Hongkong. \n\nby \n\nand Messrs the meeting, be reqeated to prepare a list of \n\nWhoo the bitsking\" re-ompradora, He Sawong, beame ordered #greatly enraged and gnode of these nations with signs Chow Tin Hong of the Cneral turned to Hangkang from Tinstein the Bettiah palice to \n\norented great disturbanes and \n\nthe first! tulsbery. loners of division received the same treat ment. This band of rebels compos ed of over 2000 had arrived at Lui Wo Cheng cu the 6th inetant, \n\ndare not disarm that Turing Those few days the Generals of Chen Oblog-ming were trying to Sorada \n\nHN and and rent their \n\nMonday Ear cara \n\nTuesday six cars \n\nWednesday four cars \n\nThursday night on \n\n(including night train) \n\nFriday eleven CATA \n\n(including night traio) \n\nSaturday four ears \n\nto \n\nfor identification and mark out Chamber of Commeros, Liang-toug \n\nSunday four cars \n\nEach of the above cara contained \n\nabout ten thousad catties of fire-goods \n\nof Commerce \n\nAriest and \n\nThe seamen were sentenced to \n\nthe which are far que daily to the City Chamber, Ya Hu-om the 7th alt, the British, realis ake them to the Harbour Master quirements and of which purchase of the Union of Merebant, anding that the Chinees we mew on for trial. is necessary, and then for the trova Trung Shau-dek of the Cooperative board the said vessel u uld join the \n\nware wriks, ordered the reveal to be two weeks' imprisonment if they portation of snch goods Special Chamber \n\nbat taninateri « representatives to monerd at Leesamman. for frure still insisted to strike. The seamen Permite will be innuit, \n\nThen they were permasted refused and so wera imprisoned. not belonging to ourg with Mr. Liang Tan-hing,shere. \n\nWhen the term of imprisonment prices of which have enemy natius should not require representatives of the Commerce sot to join the strike by one of the \n\nDepartment, \n\nGate | Louis of British Imperialism. Com-woe sarved, they were expelled from overtbrow the therefore greatly dropped day by such permite. \n\npradoro Ito Sui-kwang who threakon Hongkong and come up to Cantou Mr. Ire Long Yu said that he missioner Soneg. Our day, as there is already so over. Government, \n\nstriker, adding that is weekend. The meeting ended at 5.30 p.m. the has miroudly studied the question of \n\nspies to Hai Lu Fong to raise up wood, the \n\nap \n\nNationalist \n\nto \n\nGovernment must take note of this, stock \n\nand \n\n200",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-489N - Governor Sir Stubbs & Sir Clementi - 1925 [8-12].txt",
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    {
        "id": 503324,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-493 - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [6-8]",
        "page_number": 399,
        "title": "CO129-493 - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [6-8]",
        "content_text": "396\n\nIsrlural yd boðæsteb need bar ido-gnant gre'T Istenet Tearoo edð aðal nevlıb gnied erew bats alamaneg a'ul edt __01-wodo-gosil to Jams=iltuos «sontvong namuil to Mori mi „erožaradi zaam Jalvoč modasd sdt tot dogítvo obam bar oder Aada-LaX grumɗld as os atom add vårgård mam, se iurze yud-gasul edt to omiasklarenteg Meaniṁ bats alstoneg eðalbrodua aid yď yarolasį, ditu beirurgen .y‡layoi thadi moqu ylar ton blwos .dmere11ib pisy aď od momen yaboð notðisoq adr\n\ndibw nwo sði getbiod at déron sát në muudo-nkm¬oux adT -prise¶ gainetesuit [lita at beta somadaknas nainaufi usjenty bas Ito Jadt beakstolen gools Ils avad ode szoft of gasde bas off alacartell oss nadt min od pleiki ezom sIA -1908 Tiedt ni beiiiðaut mon conallia eldaja ni enidmoo .mioli nistałam od asumiórico grat=m3u'do muß Lasiatră\n\nync sắm IIb on Jadt eldadorquè el di bas y‡llendoen of dolche avontyozq evli odł to soqelah al Sqeoxa istom -idna zo aðalvaria[of meriterte sword on Ikdms „alostnoo JA Jolyurija Juwaong sild ni Ilave'sq Ifkw aðalvedis(08 mori niariar of sable dłoď gektrotlus si si Fresnom geð drednoo eď of Heamisi,azmoqqa bas ragnol yas gaktifzli gra*T [aronet,salmi se dalda qqanina doku odt ili kw aziwa ban aqoond a'ul Iadazali betɛeteb won «ef ido-gradë siquooo sad sH .sontvorg mamuli to two midi movkzh ovať að\n\nezatgnet edd no vodo-of bedoaət ylénezaqqa bus ade-grarl cove at eredi .conivory and to deas-ɗtion snertze edð al «ylul diTS ødt no has ;woánni moqu soneyba na to won List Iztened natanud odd yď bekrampocos dedo-Lax spped) Lazemeð\n\nto Joutdo bewova sdd ddbw dnort add rol\\J\\»I«‡m[[μÐ dolib,\"noitibeqzə əviðinuq arteritzen\" edt 10 brianwoo geilað „grad) beta til aladurali to noitsiliimma ed♪ da mula art tebroď misdaow aði no wi sontvorq meruil\n\nBeontvom\n\nprovinces of Kuei-chou and Saŭ-ch'uan and I attach translation\n\nFielo No. 1of an extract from the Tsun Wan Yat Po of the 24th July,\n\nwhich states that the Sau-ch'uan and Kuei-chou Frontier Defence Army has marched into western Human to join the northern expedition for the punishment of Marshal Wu\". The same article appears also to show that the troops of Kuang-hsi province under General Wong Shiu-hung are actively assisting in this campaign. I have no recent news as to what General T'ang Chi-yao of Yunnan is doing, but he would appear to have contented himself for the present with his proclamation against Bolshevism and not to be taking military action.\n\nOn the other hand there are two items of news, one from Kiang-si province and the other from Fukien province which seem likely to affect Marshal Sun Ch'uan-fang.\n\n5.\n\n(a) In the Teun Wan Yat Po of the 24th July, it is stated that the army under General T'ang Shang-chi occupied Ping-hsiang (*) in Kiang-si on the 18th July. This town is the terminus of the railway branching off from the Canton-Hankow line at Chu-chou in Hunan. I attach a translation of the article in question as well as of a further article\n\nelo No.3. from the Tai Kwong Po of the 30th July.\n\nclo.\n\n(b) I enclose translation of an article in the Tai Kwong Po of the 23rd July which appears to indicate that there has been fighting at the point where the provinces of Kuang-tung, Kiang-si and Fukien meet. Here General Ho Ying-yam (k) is in command of the Cantonese troops and is subordinate to General Cheung Kai-shek, while Chau-Yam-yan (A) and T'ang Yu-teuk (k), the military governors of Fukien and Kiang-si respectively, are subordinate to Marshal Sun Ch'uan-fang. It seems as if these two military governors were concerting measures to hold General Ho Ying-yam in check",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-493 - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [6-8].txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 503882,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-494 - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [9-10]",
        "page_number": 378,
        "title": "CO129-494 - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [9-10]",
        "content_text": "Enclosure 3.\n\nExtract from South China Morning Post dated October 4, 1926\n\nCANTON IN DANGER?\n\nChan Kwing-ming's Troops' Success.\n\nREPORTED CAPTURE OF WAICHOW.\n\nTOWARDS SHEKLUNG.\n\nAccording to a reliable report received from Canton yesterday, a part of the former Chan Kwing-ming army with other nomad troops and some East River bandits captured Waichow city some days ago. General Ching-chien's army had left Waichow a few days previously to assist the Kuomintang forces in Kiangsi and the only forces guarding the city were a number of armed strike pickets.\n\nThose commanding this band of mixed troops are said to be Generals Lau Chik-luk and Yeung Kwan-yui. They are stated to be advancing towards Sheklung. Should they reach this place unchecked it is considered likely that they will endeavour to force their way through to Canton along the railway line.\n\nOwing to Li Fuk-lum's troops having been sent to Kiangsi and the Whampoa Cadets to Swatow the number of troops in Canton available to repel any attack from this determined force is somewhat small. A regiment has been withdrawn from Shuikwan by the Government and has been sent to Sheklung to check the advance of the Chan troops. As it is, the Government long ago lost control of large districts round Sheklung because of the few troops they have been able to send to enforce order in the country.\n\nAnti-Reds Active.\n\nThe same report states that on September 29 Shekki, the capital of the Heungshan district, was captured by a band of 3,000 bandits under Ngai Bong-ping, leader of the newly organised Anti-Red Alliance. It is thought possible that he will attack Canton from the South. Attached to these troops of Ngai Bong-ping's are reported to be several gunboats and armed launches.\n\nWidespread Activity.\n\nAnother report, dated October 2, states that according to news received from Heungshan, bandits there under Yuan Tai and Chan Wing-un, who are taking orders from General Ngai Bong-ping, made an attack on Shekki, capital of Heungshan, on September 28. As there were only one company (100 men) of troops defending the town the bandits succeeded in capturing it in the evening of the 29th. The district magistrate and other officers together with the Government troops retreated to Siulam. When the report reached Canton, the military authorities immediately ordered the 11th division in Kongmoon to suppress the uprising. The 58th regiment was despatched to Heungshan, together with several gunboats of the local naval squadron.\n\nIt is reported that the bandits after taking Shekki have sent some of their men to Chinshan, on the Macao border, and driven the garrisons therefrom.\n\nTheir main force is advancing on Siulam, of the Shuntak district, which is very near Kongmoon. Their plan apparently is to join the bandits in Shuntak, and then start an attack on Kongmoon.\n\nBandit gangs under Yuan Ha-kau and Pai Sau-chung, together with former troops of Chan Kwing-ming, under the direction of Yuen Kwan-yu and Lau Chi-lok, are at present very active on the East River. Chan Kwing-ming is reported to have formally assumed his office as Commander-in-Chief of the Anti-Red Cantonese Army. The Government is despatching troops to have these forces suppressed.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-494 - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [9-10].txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 504073,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-494 - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [9-10]",
        "page_number": 569,
        "title": "CO129-494 - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [9-10]",
        "content_text": "STA 546\n\n: Zakarpaq So mai:\n\nhave provided an efficient check against fraud or embezzlement.\n\n11. Crown Solicitor's Office. Kwan Shek, 4th Grade Clerk, Defalcation by Wại\n\nThe circumstances of this embezzlement, on a cursory examination, may appear to be incomprehensible, but one has to have some understanding of the mentality of the Chinese to realise the difficulties of safeguarding against such occurrences. In the first place, Yu Cheuk Nam paid the money to the clerk, Wai Kwan Shek, although there is a proper place where payment should be made in the Crown Solicitor's Office. There is no evidence to show, as far as I am aware, whether the Shroff was in the office at the time the payment was made. Moreover, it should be observed that between the 4th January and the 19th March, Yu Cheuk Nam was apparently content with the evasive replies to his enquiries for a receipt, and failed to bring the matter to the notice of the Crown Solicitor until the 19th March.\n\n12. Crown Solicitor's Office. Cheung Tak Yan, Shroff. Defalcation of\n\nThe circumstances of this defalcation are similar to the defalcations of the Treasury Shroff, Chau Lam. I have come to the conclusion that it is necessary to consider whether adequate provision was made for carrying out of the financial operations of this department. In normal times no doubt the financial arrangements could be adequately supervised by the Crown Solicitor, but in view of the mass of legal work entailed in connection with the large increase of defaulters, I am of opinion that more adequate arrangements to meet the requirements of Colonial Regulation No.218 should have been",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-494 - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [9-10].txt",
        "external_url": "",
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    },
    {
        "id": 505417,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-497 - Public Offices - 1926",
        "page_number": 139,
        "title": "CO129-497 - Public Offices - 1926",
        "content_text": "136 \n\n10 \n\n28. Memorial services held in commemoration of the death of Koo Tsung Hung, the formulation to the Japanese mill owners of certain demands by the strikers, a threat to cut off the water and electric supply of the foreign settlement, the distribution of inflammatory pamphlets and handbills urging the farmers and labourers of China to unite, the ill-treatment of Chinese suspected of Japanese sympathies or of holding counsels of moderation are illustrations of the methods used in order to work up the feelings of an excitable and credulous Oriental mob and so inevitably to bring about a dangerous anti-foreign outbreak.\n\n29. The first hint received by the authorities of the International Settlement as to what might occur may be said to have been conveyed by the attitude of the meeting convened by the Shanghai Students Union on the 27th May in the Tung Tuh Medical School to discuss ways and means to oppose the proposal of the Shanghai Municipal Council to enact new bye-laws relative to printed matter and an increase in wharfage dues. Yuin Dai-ying, a well-known Chinese Communist, who is a teacher in the Shanghai University, stated at this meeting that, apart from the efforts of the Municipal Council to enact new, obnoxious bye-laws, which should be strenuously opposed, the existence of unjust bias in favour of oppression among the members of that body had been illustrated recently in the arrest by the police of students and others who were endeavouring to help the Chinese victims of the brutality of the Japanese capitalist cotton-mill owners. Amongst the resolutions then discussed and passed was one that measures be taken to secure the release of the students at present in custody in case they are not at liberty by the 30th May.\n\n30. On the 28th and 29th May the officials of the student organisations and of the labour unions were very active, in the Chinese districts situated outside the settlement limits strike pay being distributed, intimidation being resorted to and a flood of pamphlets and cartoons broadcasted. Resolutions, more particularly anti-Japanese, were passed at numerous meetings. On the 30th May some forty students belonging to the Vung Chi University and others from the South China University called at the Labour Union and stated that they would make open-air speeches everywhere in order to call people's attention to the cruelty displayed by Japanese in the recent trouble and to the necessity of boycotting their goods.\n\n31. The proceedings of the Mixed Court on the morning of Saturday, the 30th May, were probably largely responsible for the suddenness and violence of the rioting later in the day. It should be remembered that some half-dozen students had been held in custody for having participated in the mill riots, and the fact of their having been detained instead of released on bail, which they were unable to find, was apparently the first spark which set alight the anger of their comrades. When the six students appeared in court on the 30th May before a Japanese assessor and a Chinese magistrate, a large crowd of students assembled outside the court to await the result. The accused were again remanded and were each allowed $100 bail; but, being unable to provide this sum, they had perforce to remain in custody. Their removal to Louza police station, which is situated about one mile from the Mixed Court building, was the occasion for the outburst which had such unfortunate results: for when the accused were removed from the court, many of the students outside followed on foot to the Louza police station, apparently with the intention of rescuing their comrades.\n\n32. At 12:15 P.M., the Commissioner of Police, Mr. McEuen, who was about to leave police headquarters on his way to the club, heard by telephone that a procession of students was being formed outside the international boundary, probably with a view to demonstrating in the settlement, but he did not regard this as anything more than an ordinary student demonstration, so that at 1:15 he drove out to the Kiangwan racecourse, about five miles away, and returned to the Shanghai racecourse in the middle of the town at 2:30 P.M. At 1:55 P.M. a report was received at Louza police station that students were making speeches of an anti-Japanese nature and carrying flags with anti-foreign inscriptions at various points on the Nanking Road, and refused to move on or disperse when ordered to do so by the police. Inspector Everson in charge of Louza police station, and a party of European constables, proceeded to investigate and arrested three men, one of whom was actually making a speech to a crowd about 50 yards west of the station, with two others standing by waving flags. On arrival at the station, followed by a crowd of about 150, these students were placed in the charge room and admitted that the speeches were anti-Japanese and that they had arranged with students of other colleges to hold meetings at various points in the settlement to protest about the killing of a Chinese workman by Japanese. The three men arrested were charged and the crowd told to leave the station. This they refused to do, and they were therefore locked up. A few minutes later Inspector Everson proceeded to Tibet Road, where similar meetings were in progress, and arrested another student carrying an anti-Japanese banner. On being arrested one of these students stated that he did not know that he was forbidden to make anti-foreign speeches in the foreign settlement. On their arrest a large crowd again followed to the station, refused to leave and were taken into custody. At this stage it appears that Mr. McEuen, who was in the Shanghai racecourse, hearing that there was a large student demonstration, telephoned to Inspector Everson to enquire if he wanted any assistance and was informed in reply that Inspector Everson considered that he had sufficient force at his disposal to cope with the situation. This was about 2:30 P.M. At 2:45 the first act of violence occurred on Tibet Road, Police-Constable Stevens being knocked down by the crowd. The ring-leaders were arrested, and on arrival at the station many of those following forced their way into the charge room, that is to say, the crowd pushed their way down a cul-de-sac, about 60 yards long and 8 yards wide, leading from Nanking Road itself into the centre of Louza police station. There was a considerable hubbub going on. Inspector Everson estimated that there were at least 100 in the charge room and 300 outside between the charge room and Nanking Road. Orders were given to clear the police station, in which were stored some 2,000 rounds of ammunition and a quantity of police arms, automatic pistols and carbines, these being in an open room immediately opposite the charge room. In the confusion the men charged with the assault against Police-Constable Stevens escaped. There were about thirty available policemen, composed of Chinese, Sikhs and Europeans, in the station at the time. With this force the charge room was cleared and the crowd pushed down the alley as far as the entrance of the Nanking Road. Inspector Everson, with about fifteen policemen, then continued slowly to push the crowd further away down the Nanking Road, the police meanwhile urging them to disperse, while he left some twenty police officers as a reserve inside the lane (cul-de-sac) leading to the police station itself. The police succeeded in pushing the crowd about 100 yards to the corner of Kwangsi Road, on which stands the town hall. Here, apparently, tramcars were blocked at the corner and the crowd made a stand, refusing to go back any further. The crowd was very menacing and for the first time shouted: \"Down with the foreigners!\" \"Kill the foreigners!\" Thinking they might turn at any moment, Inspector Everson stood up on the running-board of a near-by motor-car in order to see over the top of the crowd, and as a result of his bird's eye view of the situation he determined to retreat to the police station. The crowd was now beyond control and the European constables were being very severely handled. The police were still using batons and sticks freely, and Inspector Everson himself was still only armed with a stick. At this stage Inspector Everson observed a large procession of more students, which he estimated at about 2,000, bearing down on the rear of the 300 or so students which he was holding in check. The crowd now developed a very ugly spirit and advanced on the police in an attempt to wrest the firearms in the possession of the foreign members of the force. Everson and his small party of police, which had already been very roughly handled, was gradually driven back to the entrance of the alley which leads to the Louza police station, off the Nanking Road; fearing that the mob might succeed in rushing his police station and loot the arms which it contained and liberate the prisoners, he felt that the time had come when extreme measures must be taken. He therefore called out the twenty policemen in reserve and formed a half-circle round the entrance of the alley. Then, grasping a carbine from one of the policemen, he called out in Chinese to the crowd, \"Stop, or I fire\"; at the same time indicating by gestures that the police were about to fire. Approximately ten seconds elapsed and the inspector gave the order to fire. This occurred at 3:37 P.M. As a result, four of the crowd were killed outright, five subsequently succumbed to their wounds and fourteen were wounded, all being Chinese. The mob immediately dispersed.\n\n33. The next day found Shanghai an armed camp. The volunteers were mobilised and naval reinforcements were on their way to protect the interests of the different foreign nationals dwelling in the International Settlement as well as in the neighbouring French Concession which, it should be noted, remained unaffected throughout this crisis.\n\n34. The Chinese Chamber of Commerce declared a general strike, and it began generally to be realised that the disturbances of the 30th May had by now completely lost their original character of a mere student demonstration and were ...\n\n11",
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        "page_number": 495,
        "title": "CO129-497 - Public Offices - 1926",
        "content_text": "viii\n\nIt must, therefore, have been fired from one of the buildings on Shakee Street, which were slightly above his level. As he fell eight other bullets struck him in the side. Mons. Pasquier was killed, and a Japanese in Victoria Hotel was wounded, before Shameen opened fire. Subsequently, Mr. Edwards, the Commissioner of Customs, Mr. Murrell, belonging to one of the foreign firms, and Petty Officer Chalmers of the Royal Navy were wounded, and also two Frenchmen and two Japanese.\n\nIt is necessary to examine briefly the evidence put forward by the Commissioners for their statement that Shameen fired first. Most of the testimony comes from students who, according to their own showing, had already passed the West (British) bridge and were therefore well ahead of the soldiers. The soldiers halted opposite Victoria Hotel, 50 yards or more from the British bridge, when they began the attack, and extended eastwards towards the French bridge. Hence it was only the tail end of the student section that might have seen, and then imperfectly, something of what happened. Most of the testimony is to the effect that after the testifier had passed the West bridge \"shooting suddenly began\" or was heard.\" Without any valid reason - at least none has been recorded in the proceedings of the Commission - the Shameen defenders were accused of being the offenders. One man, Li Shiet Hwa, heard a shot after he had passed the West bridge, and was sure it came from Shameen - sure, because at that time I was not much frightened.\" The impressions of these witnesses were formed during a period of tense excitement and not unnaturally took on some of the colouring of the day. And there were those who made it their business to see that the passing of time did not soften the tones. Li Shiet Hwa's statement is a fair sample of the indefinite declarations generally made before the Commission. Yet all this evidence, founded on lies and\n\nix\n\nbuilt up on rumour, is taken as fact; and the China Christian Union for National Salvation, who acknowledge the existence of “conflicting reports,\" base their indictment of the British in Shameen on this presumptive evidence and feel that it is their \"duty to make known these facts to our missionary friends in China and through them to the Christian people all over the world.\"\n\nThere is one point on which agreement is reached between both sides. One shot followed quickly by two others was the signal for the firing to commence. The Chinese attribute the first shot to a foreigner in Victoria Hotel. Sham Sung, Chief Inspector of the 9th Police Station, describes the culprit as a long-headed and short-haired foreigner in civilian dress.\" Chau Check Chi, a student, observed that this foreigner was dressed in a white coat and yellow trousers and had a fierce look.\" He fired one shot at the procession and then Chau heard \"two more shots from the east side of Shameen.\" That was where the Chinese troops were. This tallies with the British version. It is an interesting fact that a few months ago a Lettish soldier bearing the Russian name of Ivanhoff, acknowledged to another Lett, a civilian, in Sincere's Restaurant at Canton, that he and a comrade had been bribed by Borodin to fire the preliminary shots, and that he had actually fired the first of the three. He was piqued because he had to wait some time for his money. Now, Ivanhoff certainly was not in the Victoria Hotel or any other part of Shameen.\n\nThe Commissioners' official report gives full particulars of 52 persons killed and 117 wounded. Of the 52 killed, one (a boy scout) was trampled to death and the cause of death in 7 cases is not known. The balance of 44 is made up by 22 soldiers, 4 students, 8 merchants, 3 labourers, 1 apprentice, 7 pedlars and 5 unidentified bodies. In the list of 117\n\n486",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-497 - Public Offices - 1926",
        "page_number": 520,
        "title": "CO129-497 - Public Offices - 1926",
        "content_text": "(44)\n\n3. We, Sung Chien-loong and Jui Tsui-fah, beg to announce still further that from November 18 we have formally agreed to mutual friendship.\n\nIn other words, Miss Yang Tze-hua, a notorious woman Bolshevik who was very active under Russian auspices during the Shanghai riots last May, officially discards one lover, Sung Chien-loong, and accepts another, Jui Tsui-fah, and the men declare that there is no ill-feeling between them. This is an example of Russian principles put into effect. Others can be given.\n\nZINOVIEV'S PRAISE.\n\nChou Tsu-shou, a virulent supporter of the Russian Soviet, while Commissioner of Education in this province, abolished the moral precepts which were displayed on the walls of school-rooms and substituted a Sovietised version which declared: \"Of all the vices in the world filial piety is the worst, and of the many virtues human desire stands highest.\"\n\nSo thoroughly does Chou Tsu-shou support the tenets of the Soviet political creed that Zinoviev (late Apfelbaum) wrote to him several months ago, congratulating him upon the success of the Japanese mill strike (which led to rioting and widespread disorder), and informing him that he had specially remitted 5,000,000 roubles gold from the Soviet current budget for further \"expenses\" in Shanghai.\n\nCITY WITHOUT PASSPORTS.\n\nProof exists that the strikes here were directly instigated from Moscow, and that Zinoviev was in constant personal communication with well-known Chinese Communists in Shanghai. He sent a \"first payment\" of about £1,200,000 for the organisation of this industrial rising. At the height of\n\n(45)\n\nthe trouble wide publicity was given in the Red native Press to Zinoviev's declaration on June 7, that \"much more blood would have to be shed in Shanghai before the foreigners were expelled from China.\"\n\nShanghai is peculiarly adapted for the spread of Bolshevik propaganda, for there is no check whatever upon the activities of agitators, either native or foreign. The city is ruled by an International administration. All nationalities go and come freely. Passports simply do not exist.\n\nUnder Russian influence, Chinese Bolsheviks have been trained in the so-called \"Shanghai University,\" which flourished in Seymour Road until the building was requisitioned by naval forces landed during the strike. Some twenty Moscow-trained Russian-speaking Chinese lectured on the principles of Bolshevism. There are, at a conservative estimate, 1,000 paid Russian Red agitators in and around Shanghai, concerned solely with the unification and Bolshevisation of the numerous Chinese trade guilds and labour unions.\n\n£1,000 BRIBE.\n\nMoney is plentiful for this purpose, as shown by the fact that the Soviet Consulate-General was prepared to spend £1,000 in bribing a White Russian in the hope that he would secure the liberation of Dosser, the imprisoned agitator sent to Hongkong, by perjuring himself.\n\nA fact of great significance in connection with the Russian organization in China is that the supreme head of the propaganda movement is not Karakhan, Soviet Ambassador at Peking, but Jacob Borodin, who is at present directing the Southern Red agitation from Canton. Borodin is senior to Karakhan. He works direct with Moscow. He played an\n\n511",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-505-12 Estimates of expenditure 1928 1-9-1927 - 12-1-1928",
        "page_number": 53,
        "title": "CO129-505-12 Estimates of expenditure 1928 1-9-1927 - 12-1-1928",
        "content_text": "Enclosure No. 5.\n\nHONG KONG.\n\nNo.\n\n8 1927\n\nREPORT OF COMMITTEE OF THE BOARD OF EDUCATION ON SCHOOL FEES REVISION: APPROVED BY BOARD OF EDUCATION ON 4TH MAY, 1927.\n\nA. Brief historical memorandum.\n\n1. In 1908, Queen's College fees were $3.50 for the Upper School and $2.00 for the Lower.\n\nIn 1909, the fee was raised to a uniform $4.00 and in 1910 to a uniform $5.00.\n\nThe increase to $4.00 does not appear from the Headmaster's report for 1909 to have been responsible for a diminution in numbers, but in the 1910 \"Report of the Director of Education\" he stated \"The average attendance is 642 as against 805 last year and 911 in 1909. As already stated, this large reduction is the result of the deliberate policy of the Government in reducing the size of classes. It is also due to two further causes. The increased fees caused a number of boys to leave earlier than they would otherwise have done, and an act of indiscipline towards the end of the year resulted in the expulsion of a considerable number of boys\".\n\n2. The fees at the District Schools (Sai Ying Pun, Wantsai, Yaumati) were $2.00 in 1908, $3.00 for new boys in 1909, in 1910 all $3.00 except Sai Ying Pun new boys who paid $4.00, and from 1911 all a uniform $3.00.\n\nThe Director of Education in his 1909 report wrote that the increase had no apparent effect on the numbers seeking admission. In his 1910 report he wrote \"Experience has shown that the fee of $3.00 per mensem is not too much. But the further increase of $4.00 at Sai Ying Pun has proved a check on attendance and it has been decided to make the fee at that school the same as at the other two\".\n\nEllis Kadoorie School was taken over by Government in 1915, and took rank as a District School at the same fee, $3.00 a month.\n\n3. Belilios Public School in 1909 paid three different fees according to classification of pupils, 50 cts., $1.00, and $1.50.\n\nIn 1910 a uniform fee of $1.00 was charged, and from 1913 this was raised to a uniform $2.00, \"with no ill effect upon the attendance\".\n\n4. The Indian School monthly fee was $1.00 until 1917, when it was raised to $2.00, without any decrease in numbers.\n\n5. Gap Road School, which in 1922 took the place of Praya East School, continued to pay $2.00, and that figure has not been raised.\n\n6. The Country Schools (Tai Po, Cheung Chau, Un Long) all paid 50 cents till 1923, when Taipo only was raised to $1.00. Mr. Mould was then in charge and Mrs. Mould also taught in the school.\n\nSince Mr. Mould's departure attendance has decreased.\n\n7. The Vernacular Middle School inaugurated in 1926, and the Vernacular Normal School for Women pay $2.00.\n\n5%",
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    {
        "id": 517879,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-514-3 Mui Tsai system- correspondence 27-8-1929 - 21-11-1929",
        "page_number": 62,
        "title": "CO129-514-3 Mui Tsai system- correspondence 27-8-1929 - 21-11-1929",
        "content_text": "65 \n\n66 \n\n## REPORT BY THE COLONIAL SECRETARY\n\ndix A. \n\nThe surroundings rather than risk a change to new work. It is possible, however, that in addition to any mui-tsais who may desire to leave their present homes there will be others whose employers are unable or unwilling to retain their services if they have to pay them wages. It will be necessary to provide for such cases but in the absence of any indication of what the number is likely to be it is difficult to know what provision to make. \n\nI cannot recommend at present the establishment of an Industrial Home such as the Committee suggest. Very heavy expense would be involved and very likely without due cause the number of girls who may need to be provided for may be only a few dozen at the most. For disciplinary reasons, it would be necessary to run the institution on lines similar to those of a reformatory and to restrict the liberty of the inmates: it would therefore be unpopular and no girl would enter it if she could find any alternative work. \n\nMoreover, such an institution could scarcely be built and ready for occupation in less than two years at the earliest by which time it may be hoped that any need for it would practically have ceased to exist. \n\nI think that it is reasonable to anticipate that the number of cases to be provided for will not be larger than can be dealt with adequately with the assistance of the Po Leung Kuk and other charitable institutions or by arrangements with individual employers of labour and I advise that the matter should be left in that state for the present. If a detailed scheme has to be worked out to deal with contingencies that will very probably never arise there will be indefinite delay before a start is made with the abolition of the mui-tsai system. \n\n## Enclosure in No. 7\n\nI have, etc., \n\n**R. E. STUBBS** \n\n## REPORT BY A JOINT COMMITTEE OF THE SOCIETY FOR PROTECTION OF MUI-TSAI AND THE ANTI-MUI-TSAI SOCIETY\n\nThe Honourable, \n\nSir, \n\nThe Secretary for Chinese Affairs, \n\nPresent. \n\nHong Kong, 29th May, 1922, \n\nIn compliance with your verbal request made on 11th March, 1922, that the Society for Protection of Mui-tsai and the Anti-Mui-tsai Society should co-operate to devise a scheme for the abolition of the mui-tsai system for submission to the Hong Kong Government, we, the members of the Joint Committee separately elected by these two societies for this purpose, have the honour to communicate our conclusions. In our deliberations, we bear in mind that the number of mui-tsais is in the neighbourhood of ten thousand and that it may be beyond the resources of the Government to provide maintenance for all of them. Moreover, we realize that mui-tsai-keeping is a very old practice and that the interests of the owner cannot be entirely ignored, and, consequently, we are inclined to adopt the expedient of treating the purchase price of a mui-tsai as money advanced to her parent. For this consideration, the mui-tsai has to remain to work for her owner for a certain number of years before she regains her freedom. Only on this foundation can we hope to build up an adequate organization for effecting abolition. \n\n### Legislation\n\nTo our mind, the first step lies in promulgating the necessary legislation, particulars of which are suggested in `Appendix A`. Registration of mui-tsai is absolutely necessary to effect abolition: the form recommended is not so irksome that opposition from the public has to be met. Moreover, registration is necessary in order to check the importation of mui-tsai, which, after the passing of the necessary ordinance, is to be a punishable offence. Although ordinances have to be rigidly enforced, we beg to point out that undue interference by the Police and Excise Officers with arrivals in the Colony accompanied by their natural or adopted daughters cannot be too strongly deprecated. It is recommended that the fullest publicity is to be given to the provisions of the ordinance, which should be available to the public at all the police-stations, markets, river and coastal steamers and trains, and a copy of which should be served on every householder whose name appears in the latest Census as the owner of one or more mui-tsais. \n\n### Employment Bureau\n\nAs will be seen from `Appendix A`, mui-tsais over the age of 20 years (according to Chinese reckoning) regain their liberty. Although it is expected that the majority of them will remain with their present owners as servants on monthly wages, provision for the absorption of those who fail to make this arrangement has to be made. Hence the necessity for an employment bureau, which will be extremely useful in the event of the accommodation in the proposed Industrial Home being insufficient for the purposes for which it is designed. In such an eventuality, it will be permissible for this bureau to let out to respectable householders on wages the services of those mui-tsais over ten years of age who have to rely upon the Government for support. Applications for the service of these girls must be accompanied by a chop guarantee that the girls will be properly fed, clothed and treated. \n\n### Industrial Home\n\nFull particulars and estimates of the proposed home are given in `Appendix B`. It will be recalled that the \"Commission to enquire into the Conditions of the Industrial Employment of Children in Hong Kong\", in its report to the Government, has recommended the institution of such an establishment to solve the child labour problem and that the \"League of Fellowship and Service\" has, on its programme, the same object in view. In short, there is already a strong public opinion in favour of the establishment of such a home, in which seri-culture, the promotion and improvement of which is one of the recommendations of the Economic Resources Committee, should form the chief industry. The estimates and particulars are furnished to us by Mrs. A. O'Ben (Mrs. Au Bun), who, during the past three years has been conducting, at her own expense, a home on similar lines in Shanghai for the benefit of orphans of both sexes, and who, if requested by the Government, may agree to assist. We beg to state that increase of accommodation in the proposed home can be effected at small extra cost by the erection of wooden tenements with fire-proof roofs. \n\nIn conclusion, we have to add that as the scheme for abolition is urgently required, the time at our disposal prevents us from going further into details. However, we shall be glad to supply information or suggestions to the Government on any point that may require elucidation or explanation. \n\n## Enclosures\n\n- `Appendix A`\n- `Appendix B`\n\nWe remain, \n\nYours faithfully, \n\n* CHAU TSUN NIN\n* TSE KA PO\n* WONG KWONG TIN\n* M. K. LO\n* C. G. ANDERSON\n* T. F. HUNG\n* NGAN KWAN YUE\n* J. M. WONG\n* T. P. WOO\n* CHAU WAI CHEUNG",
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    {
        "id": 520257,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-519-1 Estimates for 1930 5-9-1929 - 14-11-1929",
        "page_number": 101,
        "title": "CO129-519-1 Estimates for 1930 5-9-1929 - 14-11-1929",
        "content_text": "## \nMeanwhile, further storage reservoirs were also being built on Hong Kong island in the Tytam valley. The Tytam Byewash reservoir, with a capacity of 22,370,000 gallons, was completed in 1904; and the so-called Intermediate Reservoir in Tytam valley, with a capacity of 195,914,000 gallons, was completed in 1907. Work on the Tytam-tuk scheme began in 1913 and was completed on the 22nd October, 1917. These works comprise a storage reservoir, practically at sea-level, with a capacity of 1,419 million gallons, a pumping-station capable of raising 9 million gallons a day to Tytam Tunnel, two suction mains of 18\" diameter and half a mile in length, and three rising mains of 18\" diameter and 1.93 miles in length. Three more small schemes must be mentioned for the sake of completeness. In 1914, a service reservoir and two filter-beds were constructed to supply the Shau-ki-wan district with water collected from intakes in streams on the eastern slopes of Mount Parker. A supply of about 200,000 gallons a day is obtained from this source.\n\nIn 1922, a balance tank was built and a 3\" pipe-line, capable of yielding 75,000 gallons a day, was laid from Wong-nai-ch'ung reservoir to serve the new development in Repulse Bay. Finally, this year, a similar pipe-line and balance tank have been built connecting the Stanley peninsula with the Tytam supply and capable of yielding nearly 100,000 gallons a day.\n\nNo further storage reservoirs have as yet been constructed in Hong Kong, and the total capacity of the six storage reservoirs built by Government on the island—namely, Pok-fu-lam, Wong-nai-ch'ung, Tytam, Tytam Byewash, Tytam Intermediate and Tytam-tuk—is 2,118,414,000 gallons. The population of Hong Kong island cannot now be less than 600,000 souls. Thus the storage, which in 1863 was no more than 16 gallons a head, and in 1899 was only 1,972 gallons a head, is now 3,530 gallons a head.\n\n## \nApart from these six storage reservoirs constructed by the Government, four reservoirs have been built on Hong Kong island by private enterprise. Three of them were constructed by Messrs. Butterfield & Swire in connection with their establishments at Quarry Bay. The first was built in 1884 and has a capacity of 11 million gallons. The second, built in 1893, has a capacity of 30 million gallons; and the third, built in 1895 and situated at the 500-foot level above North Point, has a capacity of 137.7 million gallons. There is also in the Aberdeen valley a storage reservoir constructed in 1890 by the Tai Shing Paper Manufacturing Company. Its capacity, when first built, was 44.2 million gallons. In the years 1899 and 1900, its dam was raised 18 feet to its present level, thus increasing the storage by 47.8 million gallons to a total capacity of 92 million gallons. From this reservoir, the Company is required by the terms of its Crown lease to supply the Aberdeen and Ap-li-chau villages with 60,000 gallons a day; and, in order to improve this supply, the Government in 1897 constructed a small covered service reservoir and three filter-beds. The Company's own reservoir was, however, resumed by the Hong Kong Government in March last, as an initial step towards the extension of the waterworks in Aberdeen valley, a matter to which I shall revert later on. Ap-li-chau supply was obtained by waterboats until 1928, when a 2″ pipe-line was laid across the bed of Aberdeen harbour to give this small island a direct service.\n\n## \nI now pass from the subject of water storage to that of water distribution. On the mainland, where storage of water has fortunately hitherto kept pace with the growth of the population, it is now the policy of Government to give all premises a metered supply through the mains. But on the island, where in times of drought the water storage has often been insufficient to supply the needs of the resident population, a more complicated system of distribution grew up. Under the legislation of the years 1895 to 1898, the system of supply was as follows:--\n\n|  |  |\n| --- | --- |\n| (a) | Within the City of Victoria, water for domestic purposes was supplied without check or restraint of any kind through services laid on to the houses. Any house could have its service. Meters were fixed only in the case of supplies for trade or non-domestic purposes. |\n| (b) | Outside the City of Victoria, the supply of water to Chinese houses was entirely by means of public fountains. Services for the supply of water for domestic purposes were permitted to European houses only, and in the case of all services, meters had to be fixed. |\n| (c) | A uniform rate, both inside and outside the city, of 2% per annum on the rating valuation was charged on account of water. In the case of all metered supplies, the water consumed was charged for at the rate of 25 cents per thousand gallons, a rebate of 14% per annum on the rating valuation being made from the accounts. |\n\nYou will see that under the old ordinances there were strange anomalies. A European house inside the city boundaries obtained an unlimited supply of water through the mains without payment, except in the form of rates; but a similar house outside the city boundaries was metered and had to pay for all it consumed, only a portion of the amount paid as water rate being refunded. A Chinese house inside the city boundaries also obtained an unlimited supply of water from the mains without payment, except in the form of rates; but a similar house outside the city boundaries had to obtain its supply from street-fountains, whilst paying the same water rate as a house inside the city.\n\nDrought and insufficient storage made it frequently necessary to resort to a system of intermittent supply upon the island. Indeed, from 1889, the date of the completion of the original Tytam scheme, down to 1902, it had only been found possible to maintain the full supply in four years. The trouble came to a head during the exceptional drought of 1901-2, which extended over the whole of South China and resulted in a water famine on Hong Kong island.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-519-1 Estimates for 1930 5-9-1929 - 14-11-1929.txt",
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    {
        "id": 522271,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-521-13 Chinese Customs- proposed agreement with Hong Kong 27-8-1930 - 16-10-1930",
        "page_number": 432,
        "title": "CO129-521-13 Chinese Customs- proposed agreement with Hong Kong 27-8-1930 - 16-10-1930",
        "content_text": "441\n\nProposed Customs agreement with Hongkong: 1911 draft.\n\n(14)\n\nChina's opportunity. Through the Kowloon Commissioner, Mr. A. H. Harris, who succeeded Mr. Parr, the Hongkong Government towards the close of 1909 requested the help of the Chinese Customs in organising and getting into working order a scheme for the checking of imports of alcohol and spirits brought into Hongkong by native craft, as well as a system of bonding spirituous liquors to be controlled by the Hongkong Office of Imports and Exports. In this the Inspector General acquiesced, and Mr. D. Percebois, an officer of the In-door Staff, was seconded for service with the Hongkong Government. Mr. Percebois's work brought him into very close touch not only with the Imports and Exports Office but also with the Junk Office of the Hongkong Harbour Department, and by this he was able to make practical suggestions for the simplification and strengthening of the Colony's control of junk shipping, a control to which the Chinese Customs contributed by its system of junk pass books. This laid the basis for a policy of co-operation in the control of junks, the Hongkong licence books to be viséd by the Chinese Customs at their stations and the Hongkong Government reciprocating by a similar check in Hongkong waters of the junk pass books issued by the Chinese Customs.\n\n§ 12 Yet another illustration of the improved relations at this time between the Colonial authorities and the Customs will be found in the friendly reception given by the Hongkong Government to proposals made by Mr. Harris that a fuller measure of co-operation, of benefit both to Hongkong and to China, would be obtained by an agreement or convention dealing simply and solely with Customs matters. The Government was ready for the suggestion, the way having been prepared, partly by numerous private conversations on this subject between Mr. Harris and some of the leading officials of the Colony, and partly by a memorandum submitted by Mr. A. G. M. Fletcher, who during the opening months of 1909 held the post of Acting Assistant Colonial Secretary, and who in the course of an inquiry into a case of infraction of the territorial rights of the Colony, arising out of a salt-smuggling affair in Deep Bay, had come to realise the impossible nature of the Colony's land boundary from the point of view of China's preventive service. Accordingly, in January 1910 Mr. Harris, with the approval of the Inspector General, submitted to the Hongkong Government the draft of a proposed Customs agreement and suggested that a small confidential committee should be appointed to go thoroughly into the question. The result of this committee's discussions with Mr. Harris was agreement in April 1910 on a tentative draft, which was passed confidentially through the Hongkong Legislature, was forwarded to London on the 30th of that month, and received the British Government's general approval both of it and of the principles involved. By February 1911 the convention was in such shape that the Commissioner then considered the moment opportune to prepare and submit a Chinese version to the Canton Viceroy Chang Ming-chi (*G), and at the same time to lay the whole matter officially before the authorities in Peking. That this convention did not then become more than a draft, though a live one, was chiefly due to the delay on the part of the Canton Viceroy in taking it up, who had been misled as to its nature by some of his subordinates, and subsequently to the outbreak of the Revolution in November 1911. One of its articles, however, namely Article XIII, dealing with Chinese Customs control of traffic on the Kowloon-Canton Railway, opened on\n\n* Vide Appendix H.\n\n(15)\n\n4th October 1911, was incorporated as Schedule D in the Canton-Kowloon Railway Working Chinese Customs Agreement of 1911, and under its terms the Chinese Customs administration examines goods and collects duty, both import and export, in buildings provided by the Railway at the Kowloon railway terminus. This was a long step forward in practical co-operation, the Hongkong Government conceding, for the first time, to the Chinese Customs the privilege of examining goods and collecting Chinese duties on British Colonial territory, and the Chinese Government reciprocating by waiving its right to stop all inward and outward bound trains at the frontier for the carrying out of all necessary Customs formalities. The arrangement was obviously one of great convenience to merchants and the travelling public generally.\n\n§ 13. Four years later (that is, early in 1916) Sir Francis May, then Governor of Hongkong, who from the very outset had taken a warm interest in the agreement, mooted unofficially through Mr. E. G. Lowder, at that time Kowloon Commissioner, the reopening of negotiations for ratification of the convention. The Governor, however, suggested that the basis of the proposed agreement might be broadened and made similar to the Kiaochow Customs Agreement, by which, in return for freedom to operate in Colonial territory, the Chinese Customs paid 20 per cent of the import duties collected there to the Colonial Government. In effect, the Governor's suggestion was that the Hongkong Government would be willing to undertake the collection of all duties on cargo leaving the Colony for import into China in return for a commission on the revenue so collected. Mr. Lowder, after a careful statistical investigation, had no difficulty in proving to the Governor that such a proposal would not be acceptable to China, and further discussion of it was dropped. In April of that year (1916) Mr. Harris was reappointed to Kowloon, and the Hongkong Government immediately took up with him the question of revising the 1911 draft of the convention and getting it put into effect. Revision was necessary, as the Colonial Government intended to tax salt, wished to have a definition of \"non-open port\" inserted, and proposed to give punitive powers to the Commissioner. A draft embodying these alterations and certain verbal changes was submitted to the Inspector General in the early autumn of 1916, and he in his turn forwarded it to the Chinese Government. It came in for criticism in several particulars, especially Article II, which dealt with the proposed arrangements for the control of salt. Early in 1917 Sir Richard Dane, Associate Chief Inspector of the Chinese Government Salt Revenue Administration, visited Hongkong, and on his representations several amendments were introduced into Article II in order to bring it into line with the recognised procedure of the Chinese Salt Inspectorate. These changes were accepted by the Hongkong Government, and a revised printed draft of the convention was forwarded by Mr. Harris to the Inspector General in April 1917. At the same time Sir Richard Dane submitted the revised salt article to the Chinese Government, and in the autumn of that year the latter Government sent to the Inspector General its approved version of the convention in Chinese. This version, along with an unauthorised English translation of it, was inadvertently published in the Peking Gazette for 19th-21st September 1917. The British Legation now appeared on the scene, with the result that correspondence ensued between the Legation and the Peking Wai-chiao Pu (#), more particularly on the proposed addition of a postal clause, and between the Legation and the Hongkong Government. On comparing the Chinese",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-521-13 Chinese Customs- proposed agreement with Hong Kong 27-8-1930 - 16-10-1930.txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 531647,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-536-1 Estimates- 1932 3-9-1931 - 16-6-1933",
        "page_number": 139,
        "title": "CO129-536-1 Estimates- 1932 3-9-1931 - 16-6-1933",
        "content_text": "166\n\nTHE BLUE FUNNEL LINE\n\nREGULAR AND FAST \"PASSENGER SERVICES FREIGHT AND LONDON SERVICE\n\nBLUE FUNNEL LINE\n\nLIVERPOOL SERVICE CRUHLUS\n\nFor part fail, blueponi, Karm, T'kam & Hamborg Par Port Nauč, Tärnepool & blavzi\n\nNEW YORK SERVICE\n\nCICKOJ\n\ntutor\n\n» York & Nemeč\n\nsta Pilipponen langen\n\nPACIFIC SERVICE\n\nTM Robe mod. Takohem)\n\nFRITHILA ON IRION\n\n**411\n\nINWARD SERVICE\n\nPie Faria, Van'rre à Monani\n\nBet Finans. Van'vor & Selle\n\nKEENEA D\n\nrahu, Kobu & Tokohama\n\nOLTRES Dus der For Mangiai, Kobe & Yekekrana\n\nLik megy Manman artą landed pestskapar segon macalarn\n\nspomaly rudsand furni\n\nPar fright, manage ena nad mačkemaluan apply sa tạo waedne.\n\n4:1 karkiam per abjani, tu så peersings of the Compania 'a\n\nBul al Coding\n\nBUTTERFIELD & SWIRE\n\nJEPA\n\nBARBER-WILHELMSEN LINE.\n\nTHE PREMIER ALL WATER ROUTE 10 NEW YORK and other U.S. Atlantic Purta via Pam\n\nAli Vessels call at SAN FRANCISCO and L.OS ANGELES route\n\nPassengers desiring to travel, by this interesting Route will Nad the accommodation provider! well to to their nicpeovations, up at a cost TRDNÍ reasonable\n\nPar Passenger and Freight information pinnas apply —\n\nDODWELL & CO., LTD.\n\nQuan Blingy\n\nAge\n\nTelephone 2002:\n\nNY.K.\n\nLINE\n\nREDUCED THROTONTEES TO COLORE VIL VIA\n\nVAITING PRON JETA 10 ZIMO-ON BALE\n\nMAN VILAMÓCA vu Bhanghai, Japan Porte à Bouvindo\n\nWednesday, 28th Chalobar Cheboku Hagu\n\nWednesday, 11th Nov.\n\nPaula Maru\n\nBATTLE, FANCHEVET TA Mazgirt à Japon Potte\n\nHiye Mucu\n\nHan Mar\n\n...\n\nTuesday, November\n\nTue, 10% Kovanciar\n\nDAMBAN, MARSHOLES, ANTWERP & COTTURkkar via Bergspare.\n\nno & Semi\n\nKabar\n\nKe Mau\n\nSaturday, 30th Coleber\n\nSaturday, 14th November\n\nSTONET & MELBAUENI Can Kamila à Marse\n\nKamu Maru\n\nKado Mar\n\nBang, 24th October\n\nSaturday, 21st Novačakar\n\nDAWNĀTOS Mincipars. Fotang Daimle\n\nMam Mar\n\nToki HA\n\nr\n\nSunday, Schaber\n\nFriday, 10th Cetaker\n\nBANE ARBOGA. – Tan Ömat) Tin Japan. Hapalulu Gora je spadea,\n\nProda\n\nOTO Mar\n\nNEW YORK & Benson via Panama\n\nTAUT Haru\n\nTueday, 30th November\n\nWednesday, 11th Nov.\n\nLIMPERIAL na Pars zinad. Binnekami «Canolamiragley, 4 frames de\n\nToyok Mare\n\nFriday, 14th November\n\nCALCUTTA A Sumpspoes, Pmany 4 Koljone\n\nMalers Maru\n\n+Macera M\n\nSHANKKI, KAR & YOKURASA\n\n*me Maru.\n\nYe Men\n\nha Maru\n\n12\n\n1\n\nBaturday, 7th Novembar\n\nThursday 2 Peter\n\nMAP October\n\nVeda, 5 th Chekkur\n\nYOUTH CHINA MORNING POST. FRIDAY, OCTOBER 23, 1931.\n\nRIVETLESS SHIPS.\n\nWelding Processes at Olympia.\n\nSTRIKING EXHIHITA\n\nSeveral sinking exhibita si Thư Exhibém, ut Olympia, den: with\n\nKADING QUERIES.\n\nHarbour Master Gives Full Details.\n\nWORK IN TYPHOON.\n\ncomathe\n\nreldme sal show how the woman Harbor Master zero fall detalla an The Strat, wolded ming the Zyllgur, Phim 34 mmững kết Legislative\n\nakk han kom made pratīb\n\npertise with Kosen, T. in d. Berki ris and Hala Hania to be renamed | Shika by Du Brunk Colombia Co\n\nPue further (afvenation apply to—XIPPON TUSEN KABHA\n\nPlana bella (Peivave sachange be all Degin)\n\nmenu Ch. of Victoria. She has had\n\n• few accidenta, bent no hall Jenk\n\nRegister agrees to a ten-ysing a Med at an annual verity. Than A - it roi ma by the\n\nLa Manasa ndition to CAN CA\n\nakar mal the ing on the day in die Thịthe serenor of Mr. Tonies. The graphing were, saker en jou behalf, by the Bank Str. 8. W. Tu\n\n1931.\n\nSOVIET BOYCOTTED.\n\nGerman Owners Decide to Send No More Ships\n\nSTRIKES PERMITTED.\n\nBari, Qet, It\n\nto\n\nThe German Ship-owners' Asunc|4- sslystig barerell ngulmet the Soviel sad decided not to send ship Soviet Russia in the ground chas the murikin which harta kökurred cantly\n\nGerman skipa parkiet by the Soviet amikoritas Den and Galenus war wit wly but even supported by the\n\nAt the prime moment, the crewe ur 43 Guests visuale lying la. Han Thor karbours sex mirskiing IN SYMPANY\n\nwith the kṣaven's maziem vāch' they reft we doelwit\n\nbullets to hava benken met lej vazala the bid fastenber\n\nparty of Germany, The German nag- RE DE Kaming frame-(a) WA\n\nRigtig Ponderand have Taubered t\n\nLA VILAs med ia taka proseed- Inga kënnt shem for mutiny. Valon-\n\ntar wat all the Khaninger\n\nI, I'sw mu rơi Trên Merc\n\ntyka Tha Arm has one of the ad for Enzweer Offen fer, anlatanca” Informative, welding stande ko khai char passo on to the Kanday? thu camibiting hi sera mander 10 ha, a these mig prora af ketina - Per at wilding vela and several of\n\nthe taal pingen an view papriest the\n\nWhich Lloyd's Router\n\nBruk forpočutien pano keir Approval for welded by mana' Hà. -\n\nActual Coperation. Two lena than 15\n\n* \n\nThe\n\nmay be applied to marke Notinoble spally azn the axleb\n\n¦ \n\n|| \n\nTruch bark the Grepen proseka.\n\npaliaty repertoir Portal Ligt same\n\nKabina Janka had book Wreaked mm\n\nThe Lema Talange in plaase Trai wasy. Uwing in a temporary delvet\n\nin Kansing's wirekes selegraph it was\n\npeynd improbavit to get a moD-AACO through bé bet and Du Naval Authori M.A Vary kindly\n\nFlak a fact that the Kaming Anchored in Kowloon Bay sharing aftersama at til Sostenker when Pak woon vonk in various pazia Di uchet de Hackerel 12 in, between what\n\nMuch Haval analatanes_m-cloud_vy_ the Naval Authorslin the NË\n\nfe \n\nBritish Oxygen Co., Ltd, Surat Tikka Une Processes, Ld, the Trampen\n\nSturmelend in ourzy wet – Lie rasense of takartak M Wing, after the 1790NT CONDE DEL\n\nThere are en lí types of myth 2. 14 Are the bative of the Priding and WXy-pentylane, making Kuualle during the patentada vampestada en Que stand of the Bellah – tyskeren in Du Celery!\n\nAl-Litovidgr. Lal), and\n\nran da açan in the shoud be actual, or dong the Master ket na bin iuttle\n\nHive!\n\nMaren Weltor Procent, lik|15 ta the Kooning esly intended to Kina daplay very posesont émet kalp Tanja vaakain at may alas of that work. This fem imetrymates | requiring amul\n\n110. What act of quariamen Alley Waldine. Praenza, 104, and\n\nThe Men Cdr. Bole zepřed\n\nThuar have ve výew at the exhibition = | 1yphons at the 204 September 2 including the Inkarl slemen of stor Deletions are generator w elven dally in the vớt of their psein? victrade, and include the welding at variom vindalada acaria And Alleys on The market\n\nkitt\n\ndil\n\nTWO trading, Jordan, A third towed seina Gaine Sal the tangkan escher parked my was CUG. | The Jafar in sumpseted bronne the Kawat teer At very low Abecher striking mand, with a Ho the rank people complain SEAL Tsawa (on fait, Á V TH sland made the Kaina je Phalkek, zerials farther notable de thee ja fourth june but withough volemme le Brak wolkig werk, CHENG,a ni made feat. (3) Mana ker rangu beats. Approach\n\n10 le pegnized by Brides Belated | kids by Bruning, mere found in vend KARATAN THE 14 salomatic ball\n\n| welder introduced some SOUTH 189, AN\n\n mote well vstablished in mak branchen of anginaaring, TE IN WAR IN That\n\n4. Po from Island where two small andma wyan offered ansistance\n\nIm. Tiku mlecznam tenky\n\n| yard for wekking Hanges du bë piga mano v Du\n\nwagle rette of all the scriptions.\n\nBy maing ane sling maablont 1 wʻqaimed that up to bò per eat, in\n\nStormċjail to larostirnin. Árling an A ZDIEL Opalvol Irsat the Shie\n\nHarbour Magar seat VAI TRA kuang 48 104 magang si September i ta CRETS PEL - Tantanga akech. Th PRng arrived baca IN THE OVARIE having Innensa 12 persons. No repočí kam kean rubVAR KE ANy masalty karing weary on Lammin läiked.\n\n7.\n\nTrpha Ozitza.\n\nA copy at the volens for the\n\n| denwa, up in July 1ướ by the fourrura Mater Lider Harbour [Ukakama†, J. Sutherland, Esquece, 1. N. Ikan, kajuite, raprasasting the Cinare Chament at ĻOBLEMON, | Lajtad 1. 2. Muta, ka ZADACIA- Ca. 166, Lapagim 1. Erika, Kansa\n\nWaaronger, nigkong and Kawam Yaari and Godena Vas in Savel\n\nThe Master pruria under the pener baltkatika\n\nL\n\nBahar Olsa Ezo posed to him sa\n\nThe Earbour Master účĩa khi gangg mingilega from the Katheer MASAT\n\ndesi mačke bit to cha patantivi nad Judgment of the messer who in the\n\nsa Jaden Lie ospatukone of the ha\n\nCung In One winskar somalizima_slan\n\nin na alle.\n\n1. All ců), megardene of the\n\nthe Xevieon Gadows Compeer | alone gevonder và THE SEVERE, NE MOR\n\nle the knez la bow some igraci\n\nB. Thu + Đmorpgd by Em Apr\n\nel of rhw marial may free of Kambour Wharf to Thumati in quantión 1. with ern spong conta Ime machining.\n\nredelana\n\nTxa praped to Kayang\n\n- man Ünkan as there m\n\nAchanak Teken moldin bad pound to be we funger to Un-Tr ter wh rentage, it le paly in receść zamia Duất jagat then testam has been paint 10 AM mandkod mechai et production\n\nLA MA MD mer beim Wanted so tha joining tagalber of mariale in cerpen\n\nen with some athar promo, más se blind soaking, Wite drawing, timmati work we in the handgere ledsaker, hit now in a large number af maven 14 in sand for joining machined parta to !cow which personly, wady saked * the sewal mechanical methods at PETANCAT Expense.\n\nSHANGHAI SEARCH.\n\nKusor\n\nthem\n\nwww.ime.\n\n3 regami wka zuenivad fr\n\npng to Luwee kg\n\nPo Yamal Ad by Kaung had precended La La Li end of the harbour 16 WAL vedere se les reprenanties that pers\n\nAlba won having had Qur saaneity be le samed to sing it Saat la back in cook the Kawsang team - 20 and so deprime BAT cuft n the Bart, who might be in wood lakkór, at their upper- tatuit, la mareal, townge. The request vas ins passed to Khadkng.\n\nCel A report was received that some : ehters belonging to Bablerbeda and 5wiem were in trouble\n\nAs the Kang ked Batons plewçunded to the Ext for the panami ke set Cart\n\n07.\n\nCONSIGNEES' NOTICE.\n\nHAMBURG ANKOIA LIVIR\n\nThe Metacramel,\n\nRAMSES-\n\nbering weervol Demognem of Cago kee karaby metaled that their precis Las Mong Sasam and pissed at the Thik in The Baghyng and Ho Whalf and Orari CompTRY'S DA Appena al kamjone, whom deltary zam he abschonë se the menda kou JAKÉNT\n\nCybiškai vaga will be inGOS, KR- Jana\" Matiče ka jaus given prisë sa Beemer s karval.\n\nEngineer Jumps Overboard art weet med lathe Kings Gouda kave left the Undemia an\n\nOf Woosung.\n\nAn I'd uk, Grupert was received From the Green Gland Cement Co. Saat moun laukters more in diatreon of Hak Your Region Bay). Thit mogę www popond to Kuning Un riyal ké dák Thon kung sa bad member, rondle the Master decided that k\n\nOBSYED AN IMPULSE.\n\nHangkal police warn laat most Jooksum fer á fecoigner, who, it was believed, was comming Wessang renda,\n\nThe expian để she mammer Dalero be an ardua risk to take the\n\nMain Imported sa tha, karbon master's son shortly after ka arrival from being this pac af kla ungimo Sammad vrachaard si Wevelg. Tha\n\nrarily A\n\nKuning to Lo Qia lighters & dimension with Wheck the Bubou Xiater rura\n\nPOT A Tapart was received that a bale wenn sie king inaade Källeti TalÊN. Thai Muangt visa paanud va Kuumugo\n\n10Wemen Dan Marine Woman On smaller Kellele faland en sign\n\nThe exscale deal. Taken this fellow | Bich funk could\n\ncamda tinning from his quarters wage Hamm di net aanich knalde Kabeli\n\nNo will be nakled after\n\nkit perda remaining vadadvend dur the 28th October, 1931, will be subject\n\nAll broken, chafod, and damaged Gaola ara sa be left in the Gelerta when they will be staminad en meth Gaber, 1931 na 16 mm by our San veporn, Masara. Goddard mad. Dongma\n\nAll Flame must reach me hoćeni sku Ende zeroeder, 1931, je vezan na\n\nHe Israe\n\nVVACATION\n\n18\n\nPHILIPPENSES\n\nLADO-CHINA\n\nTEAM\n\nNAVIGATION CO., LTD.\n\nHAFLINGEN SCHURF VEERATION.\n\nSOUTH CHINA MORNING POST. FRIDAY, OCTOBER 23, 1931.\n\nCONSIGNEES NOTICES.\n\nTHE WEATHER.\n\nYesterday's Advices and Evening Forecast.\n\nGLOYD TRIESTINO SAY CO.\n\nProM TRIESTE, VENICE, BLINDI, PORT HARD, ADER.\n\nBOMBAY, COLOMBO\n\nSINGAPOR\n\nThe Steamer.\n\n\"PILSNAT\n\nCONSIGNEES' NOTICE CHINA\n\nNORDDEUTSCHER LLOYD, BREMEN.\n\nThe Acamer\n\n\"DREFFLINGK\"\n\n23\n\nNAVIGATION COMPANY, LIMITED.\n\n...\n\nSZECHUEN\n\nS\n\nOok. 25, 10 m ........KWANGCHOW Det, 25ch, 20m.m.\n\nBOOCHOW\n\nUm 271, 10 m\n\nOn 26th, 5p.k.\n\nFor\n\nHous En, Pam à HAIBONG... KINGYUANTO-DAY, 3 bp-m Aany HwAMAL\n\nTAIYUAN ...I-LAY. haring and from Broman, Bam Swami Shamanął\n\n↓ P. XITSOCHOW..ah Bià, la berg, and peči, romignese if enegs | Amor, Swatum & bixmarama |ma|kunky_peille Mat their mi Swazow, Biciscanu à Tauro Langyċude of Hongkong, 114′′ 17′′ 17′′\n\nAls lesbig landed it their rự Labida Hongkong, 12' 1\" Coalguem of Curse see hereby in- Komikoa Wharf and Godown Chu Lag SWATO, SASA & Tins\n\nthe godown at The Smaking sal\n\nHwarow a Basuvok firmed that sil Good as being, Kawings, wheece delvery Shaxandi, Nowenwang lonzed at thole Tini. Hits the Onde chiame of the Hanging and Xylem Whart Noom Dether 994. 18%, AskThe anti Godow Company, at Kww-the -Dentha watow, Wangen, Charou\n\nAmor & FrapoRAI Gonnesara ser further pačißel that cyclone i now central, wona Paking it, whonen sadise from the velarves at Hambre Bemm through and in spranding east-north-amat! delivers may be illained,\n\n* Opcional parts will not be sanded ka. \"Ovtar Jarl,\" na \"Gencer, SWATIN, Haanama & Tu BRANTUNG NOT pago lay hanghang o sa “Bignit\" H&K There are inflation of a typkanı – Jara, malena metien kan han geran, METAISM\" un \"ka. \"Herewe\" from\n\nbours prior sa vaderl's wife), but hey, Eregea sai Wang,\n\nAWATON & Hamaros N.W. NOW. Yania warsing. 29, DA, DAS-TY- Mead part or will to which is optics after the zich af October, 1931, wil - Hwaton, Shanukala TRING\n\nFoto, Passon & Hairloge... Na Piza Inweer will be efcand|| Framw, Hassanan & TeproTAO\n\nSwamwe. Wouwką. Charno\n\nway.\n\nTHE\n\nD\n\nT⚫ TSINGTAU vin SWATOW\n\n* SHANGHAI\n\nTO SINGAPORE, PENANG\n\n4 CALCUTTA\n\nTO OSAKA TI AMOY, SHAI.\n\nNORE\n\nKlekomers\n\nFailing DAVIKEN Hum, 264) Beta. KWAIBANG Wəl.. 2013 CHILL, HOTELANGE\n\nJet Kay.. YAISHING Wed, tih Nov.. YVENSANG MƐun. 206k Del KUMSANO Fn.. Mi Nor.. BUIBANG Fri., Nov.,\n\nRak 104 Det\n\nWed, 15th Nov.,\n\nTu DRAMA win AMOY & KOBE HOSANO Fo. 37 Now\n\nFINBASO TO KANDAKAN\n\nPr. Cel KAUBANG Wed.. Lith Nov, CHIPSNIO Trum, 295 Cek..\n\nA\n\nTIM\n\n7LM. 74.m\n\nSOUTH 4 NOT KUTANO\n\n& p.m.\n\nTam\n\n74.2.\n\nTA.M.\n\nNoon-\n\nmarine N.N.W. Bod. The P. DE 3p.. Skangkat warning. 114, 306. 1a) Tynkoen nú vażkown intona ly with-\n\nHompitong kabufall einen January 14, 24 85 Juden, muRTRAG AN AYUTART of 7 inches.\n\nbefore the 7th Neved 19 (len priodolog to the mid-ra\n\nwill not be recognised,\n\nS.S. \"PRES. CLEVELAND\"\n\nMANILA\n\nH\n\n6.00 p.m.\n\nKENDAT, OC 13.\n\nDOLLAR STEAMSHIP LINES AMERICAN MAIL LINE\n\nNORD\n\nDEUTSCHER\n\nLLOYD\n\nFAR EASTERN PAILENDER & FATIGHT SEVICE.\n\nThema HoskinJA AR London Cabin Clase only. Tarragh kontunya sa AMERIÇA ca Budd1⁄2 and baKUROPE vs AMARICA\n\nNEXT SAILING TO EUROPE\n\n+-\n\nPASS AN\n\nFre\n\nPAY\n\nHATA\"\n\nSEEFLIYER\" - KALBARLICKAN\n\nKLEN\n\nbeparveen ich 2 member\n\ndag/km 124 December\n\n- 2pm, 200g\n\n*Contem\n\n* Culting me Lubern. Passager dearen emang re Monita med Pond Glava Battainde,\n\nAlberta. Betgandam, Handbourg und Bremen\n\nAmsterdam Betuwdim, Hepburg und Bruma.\n\nNEXT ARRIVALS FROM EUROPE:\n\nBAILINGS TO SHANGILA I & II SRL ISSZA MARUY\n\nFreight 18 19\n\nZAM 16 ORA AMOR ÜLEKEN PASS, SACOBLENZ\"\n\nZuzkare Bar Upsalag\n\nder het With Kovember\n\nHoge Hak 1-anambar\n\nHONGKONG-NEW GUINEA.\n\nNext BABAUL ad Porin.\n\n4.E, HAREMBAN (VEN” on or shout ded penamber 1981.\n\nMELCHERS & CO..\n\nAgusta, Manglong\n\nBill of Lading will be conntersign- ed by the unde\n\nJINSIN & Co.\n\nAgesta Hongkong, Th Chelaber, Luca,\n\nTelephone 162,\n\nCanon Again'\n\nJBSEN & CO.\n\nShameez, 8.0.\n\nAT A TER DORT Fer un padrone, Joped as there werent water CAPT. T. G. PURVIS\n\nHERALD THe how at the sang, Jing, der sata mariquile at the Kew-\n\nclared back at the hedge for a mai\n\nspot, and then proceeded to unbučiam\n\nkan slicked, while in perched en te nag as stated\n\ne taken in contained in the leg.\n\n***We hellered at \" me the ones of noth the Check Low and\n\ncaptain. \"hat, ka, wou'd pay w\n\nLestion, Ho Jimt kapt nufumiening the -\n\nWire Telegraph Log are produced.\n\n4A large number at Job\n\nMARINA ARTIs.\n\nSahlbiter, Repul Svciety of\n\nArtista and Reyni Hibernia Jandarmy\n\nif you require un 40 se Water\n\nColor Painting of Stammer,\n\nalicker. Piried toward the force basta matinated at show 100 Yacht, Sailing Salp or any of were lying lengide the proyek, ko mocha come sour Kim, ka Likew of 1 shame. Each sway we won the die Clippers, (Önnuk ar\n\n| wwed end of the hous, but bufera Bag\n\nTelephone 17867.\n\nim slicker a leaped over the klant ten van Same mat deemed sveću | Amen).\n\nAccording to the emplata, the wipe, Į Įgenstad, the siter. No TECIDÍ, THE maiken were ordered dressed at dete i pl. Az order has now been immund\n\n|ka weld coming the men with the\n\nPapelar\n\nrag under the water, Une tik buat\n\nup hope of mammitting\n\nPLANETARE of the Daly\n\nMüller dechend\" \"A sampa\n\nMIL\n\nwho had born looking on with Mr-\n\nBhat auth a verset with be kept in\n\nPraya Wall Donger.\n\nThe Kamwing dee_la_wanther\n\n+ \n\nKowloo Bà 1 AL 100 ya anchor was weighed but at 6-10 pay the Ex\n\nent, came when the mean: behar. | gnezda mother was again tramped wmil\n\nKuning remained at anchor\n\nwat\n\nWe had driftas down-ram when the weather modeling\n\nteam, but, seeing the gineer was hesin pat under way.\n\npału, we ristled in Ut elverline kitch\n\nand preceeded ja Shanghai.\n\nhave been made by Pe\n\nMost of the crab wank or broken\n\non Parkas Dja penyu wall met thri\n\nTate bmtween the piers to the west at\n\nThe Harbour Diler katmer: 234 pm\n\nAnd 430 pm. Had the Kaming Been Sadat alễ khône piers the mould\n\nLorrie koma cando Piran ta | Masa boom unable to jen kan kan them\n\nBeth Elmer of kinecovery of\n\nThe Peter P\n\n110 Pa\n\nPERTE DA SE MUa kesä kam rumNE\n\nja grove Haly of booming katanut ai\n\ndegree 50 N. 7 Wat, amit ca.\n\n199 paront bal gran bir 2-rk, 25\n\nDegrees At West. The blanda\n\nsaid to len very dangerous for shipping.\n\n...\n\nEn Repumber 3 w Che\n\nNg Mai being empleyst AMITY-\n\nand the Ger\n\nRAN\n\nD7\n\nTILAGE\n\nGO\n\nFONGKONG\n\nPRINCE LINE\n\nFRBODENT SERVICE\n\ntu\n\nBOSTON AND\n\nNEW YORK\n\nCALLING AT NAPLES\n\n\"CINGALESE PRINCE\"\n\n· JAVANESE PIINJE\"\n\n5th November\n\n1st Dober\n\nEnna leak Jegginsaciation for a limited number of Passer park s\n\nusadeemia a\n\nFare-Hongkong to Naples... £50\n\nFor other Pazarge mitos, Freight, eto,, apply to :—\n\nFIRNESS (FAR EAST) LIMITED.\n\nTO TIENTSIN via S'TW,\n\nFLUCHOW A CHE DO CHEONGSHIKU Sun, Nov., 7am.\n\nBut longba un passage apply s\n\nJARDINE MATHESON & CO., ITD.\n\nTalpmed.\n\nĶnopen) Měnangetu\n\nGLEN LINE\n\nPARES HONGZONG TO LONDON.\n\n10 June/ Harber\n\nLift Degenber/31 May\n\nALDEAK\n\nTO LONDON. ROTTERDAM & HANBULE VIR STRAITS & COLONNO.\n\n9tomer-b.p\n\nPULEN|FFER\"\n\nTO SHANGHAI, KÖNÉ, YOKOHAMA & YLÄPIYOSTOCK.\n\nMeter Vonal (GLENOGLE”\n\nMotor Vonne\n\nGLENBEG\"\n\nMoker Vignani “'IEBNAPP\n\nTEINAN.... Cel seth, Spa\n\nA TANTON BUCHOW.....Ol. 20, N\n\nKWEIYANG\n\nabout. 200 mľne nerik of Yaji mer varied so from pect to port to the AA rende remaining modelirana | Bananai, Nekelwang & DALY CEFERAN\n\nA 2, m\n\nما امام بن\n\nNy thêm yê hy sinha Altar Che (inch hem left the End then i say one whatever. 19th October, 1892, will k\n\nrumclnlng undzivala sather tha | Dunaren pachagua must be Jud's in thjort to the godown for excɔination by the |consignem, and the Company\",\"be matvejen, Ne Anderson and Alle shay - 1932\n\n• 10 .. the led el Dobokar, Ka dalam bell be adult star All broken, ekataga Lamangai. The gunda kawa left the puddies pa Goods are to be left bị lập Cambodia, al dimana senat de pensantal W where they will be we pled on the two wooks, of the chip's arrival het, The Ulegram quoted below was p. 29th October 1951, at 15 2 by our | khan which date Pasy wil met be her\n\nandred Truthe Manila Obwalory survogars Stari ting eller and anguinot, at the Amarisan Commulate Gensen! | Douglas,\n\nMaxila Yarulog.\n\nCraiguen nece requested to man No Fire Insurance her baan ollastad, render Dale Men of Lading to the Billo of Laglegg will be sousarviga, unattalgiai čec countersignatur.\n\n130°, Lang. E, AS IT FALK, alky moving NW,\n\nBrembur BarkBol\n\nOut. 21, 6 –The typhoon for patt then 200 selles N. of Yap, ENNE M.W.\n\nThe anti-ggelama sa sentral she the\n\nworth of Korea,\n\nDODWELL & CO., LTU\n\nÄgenu\n\nBRITISH INDIA SN, DO, ITU From CALCUTTA RANDBOOM. PENANG KINGAPORE\n\nLatal forectal-E winds, fraki | The Simm TALNA\"\n\nMETEOROLOGICAL.\n\n20h Nervesaba\n\nBir tebe\n\n5th November\n\n10th November\n\n4th December\n\nBagland DearYLINE), VİNE DAker\n\nJay\n\n201\n\nPre Pretti, pomaga und freiber parkiaulien spjoj bo\n\nJARDINE, MATHESON GO., LTD.\n\nAEP THE GLEN LIKE, LTD\n\nTRAVEL A.-O. LINE.\n\nENTRALIA, Calling så Mamiễn (P. l.). Thursday L..\n\nCharna, Tawpavilla, Beshana, Bydony and Malbearna. BUTIK STEAMERE CHANGTE-TAIPING (...) PARTEFT MORT TE TO DATE STEAMERS IN THE SERVICE KLECTRIC LAL MORY, BARBER SHOP, BUMATON U\n\nFELWARDEN OKK\n\nD\n\nM\n\nr\n\nJun\n\nн\n\nJ\n\nhatine arrived from the shoes par Kamagra of Corps me hanby j formed that Chetr Guade 120 bring the Hongkong und Kowlem. When and Gedown Oomane's Galewno al —\n\n14h hay H chained de soju ja\n\nGrodkar Thöded\n\n1231, will be subjekt 1. rent.\n\nNice vil se ofonbed\n\nby the jah hay man whatever.\n\nTamegri Parkagen must be left in\n\nF\n\n\"\n\n1\n\ncha Getaman tur 2men by the\n\n·\n\nmuaj nga me Zemperaboen van de kan je\n\nat 10 ham on Masdays and TheDENJE. home Man to presented with-\n\n1. The days of the espapa's merival ¦herr, after why mat\n\nbe repemand\n\nMELORERS & CO.\n\nAgwia Norddeuwcher Laaye, Bing Hongkong, Th Ortaber, 1921.\n\nNOTICE\n\nPROF. I. KETO'S, Massage staklenogors moved from 1. Queer's Head, G\n\nU. Hamer Load, Maschall\n\nTelephine 220SE (Pacing Orient Building..\n\nASAHI BEER\n\nBal Agents\n\nITSUI\n\nBUSSAN\n\nKAISHA\n\nLTD.,\n\nHAUKINNON MAUL, 202 & Co.\n\nHONGKONG\n\nAgrsta\n\n--\n\nHONGKONG TIDE TABLE.\n\nTAINL GERANG TE.. The 11th Der k TAIPING\n\nJan. 17\n\nIng 15th\n\nNow 201\n\n1 Dee Bab\n\nMb Fab. d\n\n15w\n\nFor MIT KING\n\nvha ♬\n\nEnjoy Your Sher! Laany in Australia and Nave Loviand. Hong Kong Sydney 19 Daya. FIRST VLABS FARE TO AYONET, 276 METUUN\n\nLONDON 194 Australia; from 11:36:13\n\nqur lekese Taira l'hora Lacuna donna. Dea Beypa\n\nOBANCTE\n\n10\n\nAUSĪGALIAN- ORIENT L LIKE LIMITED BUCKSIDE MONTILE. Again HOND INDI\n\nO. S. K.\n\nANTHON BANDWID\n\nAND ANTWERP DEL Bog\n\nJANELİNİ KANTES R IRENES ALEKS\n\n-7\n\nMULIACENE VILISANE SARMAY\n\nTÄCCKLAND & WELLINGTON\n\nMar\n\nmanda AY\n\nMOMBASA ZANZIBAR. PANTS SALAAN. APIRA 19URANCE KARATES, BLAIAN PORT EL. ZABETH & CAFETERN 1 chên 121 BX JANRING BANTING J BUENAS AIRES\n\nmen\n\nCALAUTTA VIAMonpapan, Kalymns\n\nDe Bang\n\nNEW YOK, in Japan pod l\n\nAngelie a Panama Call Trimetal Bom Phila alge in d. Maltalk. JAPAN PORTS (Prequent Harved |\n\nKAIPHONG Som Top & Fakha\n\nCEILING L Batam ad\n\n(day 1\n\nTATAI V Sundew and Away.\n\nTetaphily (10\n\nW\n\nMonada Moru\n\nblue sky, imelendz, d=dziugļu, ==folghtning, ist, The Lionde hai jadi ing (odpora Gravelcard, perpasaling showera, equatio, so, sathunder.\n\nALIURATHA\n\nkt: ne\n\nthn\n\nS\n\n: !!!\n\nFr\n\nT'h Ker\n\nTues Non\n\nWed\n\n1st Nat\n\nToda Mari\n\nFr\n\nShed Cri\n\nMito\n\nThu, 29th Chel\n\nB 25 Öel\n\nThum, 5th No\n\nsalon M\n\nTh∙li har..\n\nFor further particulars please apply to:-\n\nOSAKA SHOSEN KAISHA.\n\nTel.\n\nTHE EAST ASIATIC CO., LTD., COPENHAGEN.\n\nThe M.S. \"SIAM\"\n\non or about 24th October\n\nIne\n\nPORT SAID, HAVRE, MARSEILLES, ANTWERS ROTTERDAM, AMSTERDAM BAMBURG COPENHAGPS & OTHER RCANDINAVIAN & BALTIC POS\n\n1.\n\nPAWA\n\nMIATA\n\nANNA JU\n\nMAILING LIT\n\nthe f\n\nDet\n\nThe 3 of Lolk er um from the na GW Ila ka baba zaporini.\n\n\"GLEN\" LINE (DIFTED.\n\n7 Motory AAA,\n\nPELENOGI I And fre Cumerenees of mange b;\n\nint that\n\nTar Ind me ther risk tr\n\n-\n\nwer extre bargado,\n\nDen Bmekan\n\nH Kiedmans\n\nwe por\n\n¡ MTC Ping\n\nhaxard\n\nGodmen at Toon What\n\nlimited\n\nmp and a fewn the whačem, de\n\nAng may kaszaimed\n\nASAHI\n\n1971, at 10\n\nin th\n\nLAGER\n\nALE PONgg Inrindag these\n\npolice by Mr G. 1. Ger, the provvind, and muit ako se rabattil seand beer, who lakimakes that the day of meriv... elhel weapon mas handed in the Chinese, they will not be redigini il martermastar to theum on October 1, No Flee Intard wat be effeted;\n\nwas dismissed at Switem, Sa\n\nBit of Lang wiD He\n\nmapected að karlng inken. Che revolver of l\n\nThe what discover: JARDINE, MATHESON & CO., LTD notil the ship'n gemak was checked saarival in Hongkong.\n\nweek, the Dutybar, IM1.\n\nExport\n\nCOM\n\nBANK LINE LTD.\n\nAGENTS FOR\n\nELLERMAN & BUCKNALL 5.8.\n\nCO., LTD.\n\nKATLINGS. STIRJEST TO ALTERATION WITHOLT FOTICE. UNITED KINGDOM & CONTINENT\n\n8.6. \"ITY OF WINDSOR\"\n\n8.8. \"CITY OF HOUBAL\"\n\nFAST\n\nOD\n\nLITY\n\nELLER WAN LINE.\n\nLondon, Katteplam, Bamburg & Glasgow.. Havre, London, Rotterdam & Hamburg\n\nH p + Tith Yember\n\nNEW YORK, BOSTON & BALTIMORE AMERICAN & MANCHURIAN LINE.\n\nALSO WOINTI POR\n\nANDREW\n\nWEIR & CO.\n\nHER FACT tho\n\nAMERICAN & ORIENTAL LINE.\n\nMV. \"IRIKBANK\"\n\nat Now\n\nI'\n\nBeaton. Now Yark & Baltimaa MY POYLEBANK\" Boston, New York & Ballimato MAGRITIUS & SOUTH AFRICA\n\nSTINEOW-\n\n\"ob Jam 14'?\n\nBANGXING BANGVON SKILICE MAPITAINED BY THE FAST BATON RESSAL V.\n\nPINTANDO\n\nW\n\nKnee Booting.\n\nTriophene 2505,\n\nIelegram. \"Fumanc-e\n\nThiepveno 14871.\n\n;\n\n\"\n\nLer\n\nES OUTÖRER. 1951.\n\npirate apple te JOHN MANKENS & CA LH.\n\n...\n\nBehaven.*.\n\nich Navebuv\n\nORIENTAL AFRICAN LINE.\n\na dlak Chak ber Ma \"etla.. Kantan, Prologoa day. Exat 1-8d – Ak Day Fort Mnet àlay, anzi Capriona Through Hub of Jamag mind to Bary, quicus me. To Peet Atverk. Mozambique, Code. Ixhaminas, Zanabar. Monsassa, Kundra, Id Nagok, Tum Bay, Wade Pay apd Hedagow.\n\nfraight phanage on xay of the abera lisel\n\nMeranie Bank Baldin.\n\nTelephone 7.\n\nTHE BANK LINE, Ltd.\n\n10\n\n...\n\nNOT\n\nI 10.\n\nKAYIKO SUITANG\n\n„Kov. Si, Ap\n\nKey E EUROCHOW Now, Hà. 110 p. BUNNING\n\n*,, Nov. 8th, LUPA. TISTS XOXICROW Nov 19th 10m 10.\n\n* Caling at Away for Pasoengues only\n\nBalinge Bunjach to Alteration\n\nFor Fregul or Fanvagn apply to—BUTTERFIELD & SWIRE\n\nTalophon 3)\n\nAgrate\n\nChers and keppage san lor Enement at ima Ullared Vottarhald\n\nHAMBURG-AMERIKA LINIE\n\nYAPPEL.\n\nFAR EASTER MAIL-FREIGHT- = PARBENGER SERVICE between. JAPAN, CHINA, BOSALONG, PAI LIPPINES, STRAITS SETTLEHENIS. COLOMBO and BUROPE.\n\nSAILINGS 10 UROPE.\n\nMIT KHADELAND\"\n\nMT\n\nKANGRA\n\nAV-LEVERS FEN\"\n\n39\n\nRAARLAND\n\nDEITINATION.\n\nTees, Kastırdım i\n\n(3) Oman, Mattosklen, Kostarda\n\nLEAVING\n\nING\n\nHamburg Ni Novencher\n\nBird Nesebar\n\nGia Dovember\n\nBreedtem, Mosterdam\n\n+ Hamburg\n\n(1) Gam, Matsuším, Recordem\n\n4 Balang\n\nmikku ja varapova 1NI JEUNG JA Goj arīkoj\n\nARNIVALS FROM EUROPE,\n\n· LEVERKUSEN\n\nNYELMELLAND'\n\nTh\n\nBAJOČNOM ME\n\nD\n\nMY\n\nKM SAARLAND\"\n\n176\n\nBjects ratios tulkost. Nolum (T) Exellent Acunmodation fur Passenger, Qualiħad Burgwom\n\norczled.\n\n25 Limited Passenger Abgommedaliva, Qulided Surgeca saznION (3) Cargo Brat\n\nFaraghodig in Semon from £70.0.0. Par (tylko particulars please apply to diguda ——\n\nJEBSEN & CO.,\n\n37. Poddar ásamt, Hongkong.\n\nAGJENTA\n\nTad iz\n\nLLOYD TRIESTINO\n\nPertuightly Pasangan and Freight Hervice for\n\nBRINDISI, VENICE & TRIESTE\n\nris Žagapers, Columbs, Bombay, Jules, Bam, and Port Bald.\n\nTak Curges through Hilla of Lading to Fitaner, Gans, Al HallAN,\n\nAdelaide, Liries, Blask doa sud Dumbo Parla\n\nFamasgera to LONDON (Overh\n\nNEXT BAILINGS FROM HONGKONG\n\nB.B. MONCALIEKI (Cargo boek, NN, CARIONANO (Carga bouti\n\n5.8. PILNA\n\n8. GANG\n\n(Pamerogor mos\n\n[Passenger boat)\n\n5.8 VENEZIA L (Pam & enzym konto\n\nMV. BILDA\n\n(Large boat)\n\n8.8. CRACOVIA || Passenger busty\n\n* Ünļmayıl vayaju se Kamples vały.\n\nthad Sut\n\n315 Ok\n\n2012 Del\n\nInh Em .. Bộ GT\n\n18th Mar\n\n2003 Hea\n\n14 Der 17th Jan> \n\nLa The\n\nLariamlar Attentam in called in shaka “GARGET MAANA MAI Makhu thu veg zân Hongkong/Hade em 30 days, than sibering passengers to nuk benda\n\n♫k duya ən koma for the Chelatarna Heli dogr Badung Duam vekjes së akomadian pikkeni merusa\n\nFor Fartendere, simae sapit ka v\n\nQueen's Belshing\n\nPol Speci\n\nDODWELL & CO., LTD.\n\nAgenu\n\nKLAVENESS LINE\n\nPACIFIC\n\nCUAST ASIATI\n\nSERVICE,,\n\n..EGI LAR TRANS-PACIFIC SERVICE\n\nPALEOAL est for LOS ANGELES,\n\nSAR FRAMASCŲ, PORTLAND INEGON, PREET SOUND BATTLE TACOMA\n\n3BNFVILLE\n\nBaling ni Kar\n\nm. Lần making paper::: 'I: ANUKLA64 by Herat nypornAMŲ SOUTH BOUND\n\nYL1E\" dow Hlong lịch minh lên th Adressing cargo, la MINDAPURA AJAYA PORTA\n\nLantagh Funnger Amummaanting kallakka bar Fragma Paangs Haim and all sikar tabernet\n\npe\n\nTHORESEN & CO. LTD.\n\nkam v Benám.\n\nAparta\n\nTN\n\nMES.\n\n. Lop đưa\n\n147\n\nE",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-536-1 Estimates- 1932 3-9-1931 - 16-6-1933.txt",
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    {
        "id": 531651,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-536-1 Estimates- 1932 3-9-1931 - 16-6-1933",
        "page_number": 143,
        "title": "CO129-536-1 Estimates- 1932 3-9-1931 - 16-6-1933",
        "content_text": "SOUTH CHINA MORNING POST, FRIDAY, OCTOBER 2, 1931\n\nTO-DAY\nQUEEN'S THEATRE\n\nIX\n\nTHEYES OF THE WORLD\n\nA'vored drumna uf the age old baits bitrans good and arli, lors and bate.\n\n——\n\nJOSEPH SCHENCK-pros DOLORES DEL RIO BAD ONE EDME JOWN GEORGE FRIZMAURICE PRODUCTION\n\nSERVING MOODCEA.\n\nJOIN WE CONSIDINE JK ALBITED AUNTY, PICTURE\n\nTO-DAY & TO-MORROW\n\nWilliam STAR HAINES A Helen-Goldwyn-Mayer Producten\n\nat 2.30, 5.10, ||| 7.15 9.20.\n\n= 2,801, 3.20, 7.20 9.20.\n\nTHE WORLD SPORT\nCURRENT COMMENT\nThe Last Four in the Open Bowl Championship.\n\nONE TITLE HOLDER.\n\nSTATOR.MI Kanta Chamke hadap that parate talk\n\nLOCAL FOOTBALL\n\nServices Beat Malayan 'hinese Team,\n\nYESTERDAYS GAME.\n\nRUNAWAY VICTORY.\n\nE. M. Umar Shows Good Form in Bowl Game.\n\nE LAPSLEY BEATEN.\n\nPlaying on the K-WAL yesterday afternoon, L. CLC. atwn! Omar, the Laponing of the Kawinan Dank by fi akata la 7 km the last số the third round MALENA AC Ca Opan Lavy Bondi Campanelly,\n\nSPORTS FIXTURES\nProgramme of Forthcoming Hongkong Evenia.\n\nHNKEY MATCH.\n\nKackey-gang Hockey Club ATV KDPA. (king's Park).\n\nSaturday, Del 24\n\nPicket Interport Trink Hang- kang 005; Pink Dvdaka, India\n\nY. RAS.C val Engineer SAM (L);\n\nThe Happy Valley plaque ita semi- My Navy LII IC thì bay tự ti t and Irumii the beginning has the bather of win Opponent Alter taking the war wɛGE a that on the Courth head, Plaan 19- crossed his névantaen at slutat marg kanal trail the 16th, when be qualiBal Lament N. Drummand by sangyong a ent of them. Örnen.\n\nKEY QUIT 'a Thaen went a pink allminang al the Garrison growid yesterday to wha Sang Dhe nacer match hormoon, the | Heati | Malaya Kencing saam sal A CHAN\n\nWalk El Các Loài Cá Địa Jana Cal. Comena. The Servren wom\n\npod pine by T, cool, ta,\n\nThe Sirvious tonic The Band withkans\n\nThe Argylle, “hy Lamma Hiding PEL AS wc\n\nLo the J w down 1-10 Jul Kumala 3 do melaber amochur Kay-Lew Thin-chan:\n\nom diski that the¦ Choukrik, And Then Aktik; Te Tuban B dusserad his Tou-kent, Jeka. Then and Way Bew ATRANA NAJAN HAD NO alat ketang. Chất Hees. Goon_Kek-zing. un posted. Elena ly the and and ass - Taong Shutower, Foong York-long\n\nPOLNO KING KERRANANA performance | Servies--Bryan (25); Make katha member her de vie plurinn, (5.1.3) and Dion (2656); Marzan a forde prof LANK Klangh to her and Zyme (573) Ele\n\nHe had on native la\n\nComment from whatsan Devanand Ja The célják ·4 J. R. Santone who procket den A. M. Holland med\n\nRafieną, Mr. Alan LN,\n\nMalayk, wòn the lose and Langmead started the game. The Beckong at The other munte 2., uses attackal Lam Ting from Čaute van akne Žan 1. Cullen med | Davian Hazeli formad a venger an\n\nThe Keeleon placing wall from the ing Bike. Dock ally k na pood at simplen facanda tak place i le parlan ma de la un Media vienationa nad nad Yna kimad the ball in towards\n\nLast year he yu Jenten in the pre-ball into the net open the soari Habary vond U21, Baka by Kane | See the Service what almikor is,\n\nLate Digimon est in and when With Or Da bi se pusterday the Four tackled jabbed the ball in the mos\n\nBei den Tea 17 IT. WAK, J. LAGE, newch, Langmand hosting late the X. Demtemena * U. M, Oh EN MAL Fast named Take the volg ommpačkor\n\nwho has prakije won the ticke\n\nPlay Tw Inak and Sling\n\nSercions incontand their land vehen Diekimasa tuppal the 193, fram a Apresent Amanda on the bar- dag ber and turning quickly, best hour ride page 71 have vines deen | 15 with a FAST HEART BASE. Stammad dan C (Cake. Du veteran, The Servirna went further ahead Med second to 35 palikowanan a par kick. Chenk hendes\n\nMod Kirin meet Ebbed back ment 14 yo by mal in the saened Skiner who into the net, ering the\n\nThe made TV Maher tid\n\nreal chance. Cap On kle Then the\n\nthe five ma\n\nKaya 21 hat agen, these poner\n\nduring the four half but wank ilye on seračal pedaalid,\n\nJELMAYA Made the tray to trea\n\ndungan after the future? Efori\n\nnglewmed to Jack, Army H, Aling the ten pes Skamby nuraag IN LAKE IN A hunt key GP muža na kata kama ana\n\nLOCAL HOCKEY\nInteresting Matches Yesterday.\n\nLADIES SEEN IN ACTION,\n\nTw men's from $5. Aaker's Chil, man\n\nms of in hockey matchas yatandaş,\n\nthe word vielecy and a dryw then feiner shading, der spalle with Pe Kawloon 3.5FRA. MAN U Cha butter handbag the \"mengat\n\nThatch way plast Thor' School, the BE AF drency (hh winning_from_He Fir\n\nbold wear, hat bed to begin math E\n\nCapa mafia – kph core game. A part\n\nYerk gewoandeng \"van albekend.\n\nhave workers dark. Tenha trapped the hall Zesty park And I make me 1, and runding Kullaga mat in a\n\nhot. Bavage made a will. Jšek,\n\nWeber pad het missed and the bill entered the\n\nFor the time they sai Indian Kim Mo Andesh Chub an\n\nS. AFRICAN VISIT.\n\nthen put in s Cricketers Commence Their\n\nAustralian Tour.\n\nM's as escoed pul\n\nBabama. The final goal for the Bees can w the back, and by maand by langeal. Dickier took (Fall well down kid slipped to the (centre, Dingmand, suppri spine\n\nBlse Telu, pane wind sticking in in Bhat shoẽ thực Ube the 1-5 java, the goalie ma phones. The\n\nPerth sin Nary Ren Kay, Oct. 20.\n\nPeeing Meet, pang Por the Chal\n\nIM Women, Oct 2 Morty - Betim, p\n\nEl Call Club (Balm May là te it an\n\nRacing Thoroder fer Γι\n\nEary 5 2\n\nINTERIORT CRICKET.\nSome of Shanghai's Men Already Selected.\n\nSEVEN \"TERTAINTIES\"\n\n-SOINES MEYE Hook-\n\n•liber for TW beam Hader's\n\nLOCAL TRIAL GAME\n\nPlayers For To-morrow's MaLEN án Hongkong C., Ground\n\nEN ! trial math whưk a to be played in Man Bergkong 15\n\nttn following platan ten ham zelegan\n\nTKT (Pam), A Rab4, 1o D. Tomim. A 46 5. 11 kale. D. J. N\n\nspred 14 kr 1. Malaya\n\nF KOWLOON FOOTBALL CLUB\n\nANNA Cunity Taber Chowin\n\nBILLIARDS.\n\nled Team for Tomorrow Afternoon's Games.\n\nThe film — k janna pintam com two well known repérerat Kalos FC. First Flyven\n\nDA, AK Futball St. Patrick's Club Defeat\n\n„The Intent rail from America Ta That In A Patual Spermment planeta were naked fa_wa_hardpen in the Kapakah thaps been the endte Ame\n\nKhan at Kradling\"\n\nmakes mark a meg menerima se\n\nMekalsa Bla Hon Timberlake, Urland, Fanean.\n\nKenze: uttan,\n\nThe following hari kerma fon1:\n\nI'mvaulty's Team\n\nThe 1975ơmẳng hatt ban choothe Hai VOTRE ↑ T'atvaralty ind. XD ngulmet.\n\nthe Titan mema frendly.\n\nPANE AT Can A 5. k. Kyum zni\n\nMercantile Bank.\n\nLume to the Mr Kanka\n\nW P. a. A. 1. This-\n\nVardy v. 35. & K tima na the sale of a mang | repensent Kawlam P.C. Sgrond Flesen Benntnerek, Sat de Bartekin reddies, why non agtually pakke school term the Là vị di Karison themselves the vlekara, bank \"working ther why themseh Parma Cleh grenad ok 2 jam. Như\n\ncolate\" and Apunëve sin at theit - Home day:\n\nAußer 'WA, Gillekent: I OPREM\n\nvalery who hade kameed be my disenberg, Whae, Wh. Als\n\nin London and Traming that\n\nsuht to fazekagera da vialt, padanya Blank Stan Som peking a gott tour ad Barone and ba Cabri\n\n25.\n\nThe following team has been meteen\n\nTáto repeat the fat X1 of\n\nHongkong Presbali Club on Saturday,\n\nMesh agamat Kowloon on the Cik daud\n\n4.30 Happy Valley 1:\n\nM Pila and Strings, M. Kan and Ballwin, RM, Pete Ben F. Strange wind des\n\nW A Lid\n\nJAPAN LOOKS ADEAD.]\n\nHupest of Securing the T Olympic Gamer of 1940.\n\nANOTHER WIN.\n\nThe Following all spement dur CNN a fékros matchi the E. & 3.0 $ in the macpaw\n\nW. E. Ch ingement The\n\nWale Jam at Fou Cakapan, E. G B\n\nSouth Africans Beat the\n\nMidland Counties.\n\n7 The grity to day mange nyt Tür, brikete vere eficed for maka ka the defraded Mingelen, wurmented to do their crow vne pommerns of Da sa, Xn\n\nde shendy apponent of the above | sang, Acrmed plunder that he got 2007 by na Termitesi Oline Men\" tickets from another went bad\n\nká nas imam that they were fabr\n\n-key are predpodle the bk Coustics. Hichem poin\n\nCENTRAL THEATRE\nCOMMENCING TO-DAY\n\nA: 2.30, 3.0, 1.la ở D.20 p\n\nGIRLS! GIRLS! GIRLS!\n\nWHAT WOULD YOU DO If you married a made all his decl slom for him?\n\nVIRTUOUS HUSBAND !\n\nArtech Hotel Zemenki vla Need a land labor male model Bačvangla kockenen\n\nIT'S THE LAUGH HIT OF THE YEAR! HCT T LA BAN 3\n\nNEXT ATTRACTION\n\nSOUTH CHINA MORNING POST. FRIDAY, OCTOBER 21, 1871\nJIM FERRIER.\n\nCHESS NOTES\nBeaton Australian Open Campionship.\n\nCapablanca Still Hopes for Return Match.\n\nA AOUTPUT. ROYAL WITH WORLD CHAMPION, Jim Ferrar MERIT Th\n\nLEY PERPETUAL CHECK:\n\nThe key mero sa laat mpaka pra Problem No. 213 A. J. Mackenze Bark ( plen Whose sa play and mate a\n\nThe detract Vention to last week's Zroblem was reparved fruen \"Anjos,\" | Paka Kadenen, formar world's themales, ka rectly returned be DET METTE ZRvman after an absence DÍ APMENT manaka. Ka exported lu ratura de New York for an rakhallen Love same time in October. The hopes\n\nJatent resect A Plan 13 Sungkai kaj ak prosky, St.\n\nIvy Wikica, A Whetsen in Tha m\n\nDuring three dug 1 24th ier Lig p\n\nThe event wers salsa DNA, the Stat Det led by abans Perrier anestesia d\n\nMAALTY Ot il Amatrulu, I mg 14 D JA%ormed.\n\nAn Australia ser just received 14 WHILLARY ure the mr je je ile bench La serango a retuen match wolle Ale | arrenga\n\nkhina bulaen the end of the year 1 turn la sua in\n\nM. PR la acting sa pobetween yandar, Colemand ka\n\n* negotiation wek Alekkim,\n\nwww cuk ve lhe (limbokalaia that th serpage Back of vergony In Alampura aleatorie sang. Use\n\nmečosdály Khanehad, backing. Lapk Bed Math and Mama Dematte detaan Dr. Bwww.\n\nshe pulplared bear in the heat Hart- - W WILL YONA DE PER Kakaj s w the\n\nNË ME 190 (7 - Tusend KTM ajské oder a cori\n\nKING'S THEATRE\n\nThe Most Comfortabte and The Only Air-Cooled Theatre in Hongkong.\n\n6 THE GAMERAMANT, SE A JOAN JE ZVIRA peitere ku a kizembly better than either Alkine | inde a fatal M or Hageljukan man able to do. Each Karely duľanked Kawa by s\n\nP 1 JUN fet from c Chike youth the b Look Alao Vi over again Like a world's champion AŬ WOMAN in the tournment hole concurrently HOM level kada sana dispari vo—it maritan: Lag Universal\n\nLAST TWO DAYS at 2.30, 5.10, 7.15 & 9.20 p.m.\n\nCYLINDER LOVE\n\nNewspaper Thrill-a-second... Laugh-a-minute with SPENCER TRACY SIDNEY FOX Edward Everett Herton Una Markal zi krendal\n\nBeats by play, 'Elx Oylenia Law? by Willum Jashang McCum Dicked by 140MHTON MEELA, NA\n\nLimousine tastes on a diver income and love bits the bumps, Blow- outs cause blowups in this comedy joy ride. Trade in your cares for a snabby 1931 Laugh model\n\n“You say he toega you...why dwu't he defend you BOW' Now you need him, Waaro he Whole be? Why doesn't he Care come for ward!' Masa kura benchik has retained her | Nothing else bu\n\nThere when fem represives, and Fun Furla dhani har- Emakiki seara sesa 3.\n\nreal Fras Walk-Kalmer, bed but s pedia\n\nThe modern, draw in Dhoby to be a 1 x which detele asc vana, sargknet key – 195 sàng, werkher in The State golf champ. 3.\n\nPATH, WOW a goddamble 30-terday.\n\nIn the mormint, at Katom, he pesondly to the Whorenie spijeme. slurked the bit gro\n\nM one TUM irst\n\nRetailter competition,\n\nCab D AN E then went loan to Many Sk Drakkarunot the\n\nAme- to Australan paper. The same that fallens, champimally the interesting, merely harasse -f the reputations of its costasčanta. Dr. Alkima le the avabalt weck'n chakiviplom. Markdan a the world's meet promising youngst piper. Tha fact that Alisa kiman had, the that Rachian war from kan alati eflding ades, velleni po vitsien after watcher with the netwčas zal compress el a gread master, maka I dowały na Experianced players\n\nse redkar mu Esschertta al wook and para madings probably the\n\ner wwali paraly hava bën veter\n\nchoc iron with it. The Triton về Ferro a round at Ken. single, where a motoring Wester!) andde sett larm «i. Pirull, epecially on the green, WA T Forest Ag med\n\nAll handling of the and COUNTING CHICKENS,\n\nFrance Forgees Meeting with America & Success.\n\nNowa PICTURE\n\nAnd FOX MOVIETONE NEWS presents Through the courtesy of the NATIONAL FLOOD RELIEF COMMISSION, SCENES OF DEVASTATED DISTRICTS between NANKING and HANKOW, photographed personally by Col. Charles A. Lindbergh while making an aerial survey for the National Flood Relief Commission.\n\n·NEXT ATTRACTION. Commencing Sunday, 25th October.\n\nTHE VICE. SQUAD\n\nA Game Sichuan PAUL LUKAS KAY FRANCIS\n\nBUY! BUY! BUY!\n\nUST arrived a new shipment C PEKING CARPETS & RUGS in the last date and bright sid\n\nIF YOU WANT TO BUY YOUR CARPETS & RUGS please don't lose this rare opportunity\n\nH CHUNG HSING & CO.., 17 Wyndham K 74 ed very hard to\n\nEMME WHA QUANT LAMiki. Potikned\n\nNEXT YEAR'S DAYIN CUP.\n\nBlack Kankdan K-K M B-KI 11 EL QE RK P 47 K K Op o the -- -- --\n\nbut the wh Corker and Bruger: (2) Γατο\n\nING.T is. mathemated Victories at Benet, would Cat Whaag now on appeali positional advantage amber fe ha con inal of the contro and 22k's squa Iced M.\n\nXX, XX; 23 152 KB, 2x with a cary win (145) Afar 40 KOCAELIAN 82\n\nRaoul Walsh's OF ALL WOMEN NATIONS with VICTOR McLAGLEN EDMUND LOWE GRETA NISSEN EL BRENDEL\n\nThey love to fight - and fight to love perpetual foes and permanent friends those two cock eyed marines, Vic and Eddie, in a trave laugh of love, kissin' and Nissen. The Famous Stallings ant Andersen characters, Flagg and Qadri en, a new vandage\n\nBOOKING AT THE THEATRE Telephons 25813.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-536-1 Estimates- 1932 3-9-1931 - 16-6-1933.txt",
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    {
        "id": 533213,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-538-2 Hong Kong University 23-6-1932 - 15-3-1933",
        "page_number": 187,
        "title": "CO129-538-2 Hong Kong University 23-6-1932 - 15-3-1933",
        "content_text": "278\n\nNotes Comments\n\n281\n\nORNITHOLOGY.\n\n[280]\n\nNOTES AND COMMENTS.\n\nEASTERN YELLOW WAGTAIL (Motacilla flava taivana).\n\nA female of this species, also known as the Chinese Green Wagtail, was identified on November 12th in the Ping Shan district. It was feeding in a stream-bed near a village in company with a number of White-faced and Streak-eyed Wagtails. This is the first occasion that we have recorded this species in the Colony. Prominent colours, head and back greenish-gray; upper tail coverts more heavily washed green, tail dusky, outer tail feathers white; wings gray; under parts rich yellow; and a prominent yellow eyebrow above a gray eye-streak.\n\nJAPANESE ROBIN FLYCATCHER (Siphia mujimaki).\n\nOn the afternoon of November 12th in the Ping Shan district, several of this species were observed and identified. First a solitary male was observed then later in the afternoon three or four other birds, always solitary, both males and females were noticed. Only once before has this species been recorded from the Colony, on that occasion a solitary male was seen March 19th of this year in the Shum Chun valley, vide H.K.N. III. p. 147.\n\nBIRDS OF PREY.\n\nThe first dates on which the different species visiting the Colony were observed are given below. Sparrow hawks are abundant in the city district and buzzards and kestrels quite common above the hillsides away from the houses.\n\nRough-legged Buzzard, Buted lagopus pallidus, circling over the Peak 22. X. 32.\n\nEastern Sparrow Hawk, Accipiter nisus nisosimilis, University Compound 28. X. 32.\n\nKestrel, Cerchneis tinnunculus, 2. XI. 32. seen from Mount Kellet.\n\nEastern Peregrine Falcon, Falco peregrinus, 2. XI. 32. chasing a buzzard over Mount Pottinger, a pair were reported seen at Kam Tin during the following week.\n\nEastern Marsh Harrier, Circus a. aeruginosus, 12. XI. 32. Two harriers, probably this species, were observed hawking the paddy fields in the Ping Shan district.\n\nEastern Red-legged Falcon, Falco vespertinus amurensis., 19. XI. 32. A female of this species was observed, quite closely, through field glasses at about gunshot range, from a hill-top near Bias Bay. Two kites were hawking the same ground but the falcon did not interfere with them.\n\nThe Hong Kong Naturalist.\n\nBuzzard and Fowl.\n\nOn the morning of 28. XI. 32 a friend was disturbed by a great commotion outside his window. On looking out he saw a large bird fly away and on looking down onto the lawn noticed that it was strewn with feathers. The fowl that had been attacked rushed off to the hen-house and promptly laid an egg! I enquired whether it had thereby established a precedent but this was not the case as it had laid eggs on previous occasions.\n\nGOLDEN-EYE DUCK, Bucephala c. clangula.\n\nA Whistler or Golden-eye duck was shot on 6. XI. 32 in the New Territories and sent to us to check the identification. It was a specimen of this species in eclipse plumage. We have not recorded this species previously from the Colony.\n\nNESTING NOTES.\n\nMr. H. Green, Superintendent of the Botanic Gardens, has kindly sent us a number of observations on nests and eggs of local birds; a selection of these we list below. We are especially grateful for the interest Mr. Green continues to take in this subject.\n\nChinese Magpie, Pica p. seicea.— The first nest was found on 17. III. 32 thirty feet from the ground in a pine tree at Kai Lung Wan. The three young birds it contained appeared to be not less than 14 days old. Other nests were found on 17. III. 32 (one egg) 19. III. 32. (2 eggs). Pines and Persian lilacs were the selected trees.\n\nBlack-eared Kite, Milvus lineatus.— Below Lugard Road, on 18. III. 32, eighteen feet from the ground in an old Litsea tree, nest composed of twigs, rags and an old hemp bag, (1 egg). Below Harlech Road, 18. III. 32, in a pine tree, 25 feet from ground, nest composed of twigs, rags, paper, etc., (3 eggs, faintly marked). At Magazine Gap, 22. III. 32, in a tree, 18 feet from ground a nest of twigs rag and paper, (3 eggs heavily marked, one darkest at blunt end, one sharp end and one evenly spotted).\n\nCollared Crow, Corvus torquatus.— At San Tin, N. T., on 17. III. 32, in a Banian tree, 40 feet from the ground, nest composed of small branches, grass and mud, containing 3 young birds apparently a week old. On 29. III. 32, eighteen feet up in a pine tree at Tin Wan near Aberdeen, nest of small branches and pine needles and lined apparently with cotton wool. (5 eggs).\n\nBlack-faced Laughing Thrush, Dryonastes p. perspicillatus.— Nest, 25 feet up in bamboo near Peak Road, of usual type, pine needles, creeper-stems and bamboo leaves, 1. IV. 32, (3 eggs). Another in Cratoxylon tree 20 feet up at Protestant Cemetery (3 eggs).\n\nChinese Spotted-necked Dove, Streptopelia c. chinensis.- In pine tree, 2. IV. 32, (one egg). In Lung Ngan tree 25 feet from ground, 8. IV. 32, (2 eggs). In a Casuarina equisitifolia tree, Cheung Chau Island, (2 eggs), 19. VI. 32.\n\nDecember 1932.\n\n279",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-538-2 Hong Kong University 23-6-1932 - 15-3-1933.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
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    {
        "id": 535612,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-541-2 Estimates 1931 14-10-1932 - 19-7-1934",
        "page_number": 204,
        "title": "CO129-541-2 Estimates 1931 14-10-1932 - 19-7-1934",
        "content_text": "DEBATE ON THE BUDGET.\n\n(Continued from Page 15.)\n\nHON. MR. T. N. CHAU.\n\nI am jealous of the good name which Kowloon has earned as a place for safe investment and feel strongly that any attempt to besmirch its fair name cannot be condemned in too severe terms.\n\nA tendency has grown up of late towards belittling at least one of our old-established industries and of public utility concern on the other side of the harbour. In both have millions of dollars been invested and to both have the united efforts of zealous directorates, supported by shareholders' money, devoted time and complete concurrence in the views and sentiments expressed on grounds is a necessity that should not be lost sight of.\n\nThe erection of the wireless station at Hunghom for the large transmitter for broadcasting is a step in the right direction. My honourable friend, Mr. Shenton, with his usual thoughtful regard for social service in the Colony, has spoken of the benefits which broadcasting has conferred. His remarks are certain to be accorded the reception which they deserve.\n\nThe same honourable member in his complete competence has dealt with the question of air-mail and passenger services. His remarks cannot fail to arouse general interest. The logical development of our magnificent aerodrome at Kai Tack will hasten the extension of that district eastward. While workshops and offices will be built within the aerodrome itself, a demand for houses for the Europeans having business with the future air service will lead to the neighbouring hills being explored for residences. The road to Ma Yue Tong will facilitate the selection of sites presenting a landscape rivalling even Peak itself.\n\nTransport Fares.\n\nThe Council is still in ignorance of the recommendations of the Road Passenger Transport Committee. The present occasion is opportune for bringing into greater prominence an apparently forgotten statement by the Chairman of the Hongkong Tramways, Ltd., when presiding at the annual meeting of shareholders on 17th February. He said: \"After years of persevering labour, often thwarted by adverse circumstances, the future holds great promise for both these important undertakings; they form part of the Colony's substantial assets; they are very essential factors in the industrial life of Kowloon.\n\n\"Bear\" Tactics.\n\n\"Bear\" tactics that stoop to distortion of facts, deliberate attempts to create a stampede calculated to create among genuine small holders of stock and so to depress certain shares by questionable reprehensible methods regardless of their mischievousness, cannot be too strongly deprecated.\n\nIn these times of world industrial depression, the Colony needs, for the success of its trade and commerce, all the help it can rally around itself. Untruthful statements can do a lot of harm and are discreditable to their authors.\n\nPleads for Society for Protection of Children.\n\nIn expressing this concurrence, I desire to amplify one subject which the Hon. Dr. Kotewall has already dealt with rather fully, namely, the grant to the Society for the Protection of Children. I respectfully urge the request for an increased grant on Your Excellency's sympathetic notice. As Joint Honorary Secretary of the Society, I may add to the information given by the Hon. Dr. Kotewall that in 96 cases in the past ten months, the families concerned were without visible means; and in the whole of the 702 cases dealt with by the Society in that period, the average income worked out at a figure which allowed to each member of the family a monthly income of less than $3 out of which to provide food, clothing, and accommodation. In over 50% of the cases, the family had no means to pay for a single room but occupied only a 'bed-space.'\n\nNot only were the persons concerned miserably poor, but in more than 50% of the cases reported, the children were suffering from disease, and very frequently this was the direct result of insufficient food.\n\nThe figures of infantile mortality among Chinese children are abnormally high, and it must be overwhelmingly apparent to all that poverty with the resultant bad accommodation and insufficient food is a contributory cause.\n\nIf the dissemination of libellous rumours, damaging to the Colony's industries, should be persisted in to the detriment of its welfare, every endeavour should be made to effectively check this form of abuse and put a stop to pernicious actions hurtful to businesses that have cost much money and taken long years of patience and toil to build up and that must be protected.\n\nThe Government, in June last, sanctioned a further increase in fares which was put into force on July 1st, and although our receipts improved, the number of passengers suffered a considerable decline.\n\nIt is clear that the economic limit to which Kowloon fares can be raised has been reached. Although receipts per bus-mile improved by 3.21 cents, the expenses per bus-mile increased by 7.84 cents, of which 5.30 cents represents the increased cost per bus-mile for petrol.\n\nIt is a pertinent question whether the possibility of the introduction of trolley buses for Kowloon has been explored for the economical operation of the passenger transport service. If the question has been gone into by the Transport Committee, will the Government inform the Council what decision has been arrived at?\n\nHON. MR. S. W. T'SO.\n\nCommends the Policy of Caution.\n\nIn the Budget debate last year, I urged the Government to give every encouragement to the farmers in the New Territories to increase their agricultural production.\n\nI am pleased to note that in Your Excellency's speech, I desire to associate myself with the views which have been so fully and ably expressed by the Senior Unofficial Member, Sir Henry Pollock, also by the Senior Chinese Member, the Hon. Dr. Kotewall on the Budget; and to congratulate the Government for presenting to this Council a Budget framed on the basis of safety and caution.\n\nI feel that so long as the value of the dollar is uncertain and while trade depression is still among us, a policy of caution is extremely wise and desirable.\n\nSubordinate Staff Promotions.\n\nMy honourable friend, the Senior Chinese Unofficial Member, whose oratorical fluency is such a feature of the annual debate on the Budget, has adequately commented on the change of Government policy which is about to initiate a system admitting of promotions of a limited number of members of the subordinate staff to a new section of the clerical and accounting staff.\n\nSince I first had the honour of a seat at this Council table, I have consistently and persistently advocated the claims of the local men to promotions and to a just recognition of their merits.\n\nI consider it therefore an economy to encourage these schools. For, every fresh taxation means further burden on trade and increase to the cost of living.\n\nTurning to the estimate under Head No. 25 Education Department, I find that the capitation grants have been increased from $180,000 to $217,500 for the coming year; but no increase has been made on subsidies to Urban Elementary Vernacular Schools in Hongkong.\n\nWhatever may be said of these schools, they do supply an elementary education to thousands of poor children. If the Government were to provide schools for these children, it would cost the Colony an enormous sum of money.\n\nThere should certainly be more dollar-and less sterling-paid posts with corresponding economy to the Colony.\n\nAid to Children.\n\nAs my Hon. Colleagues who spoke before me have already dealt fully with the Budget, there remains little for me to comment on. But I should like to add my voice to the appeal made by the Hon. Mr. Shenton and the Hon. Dr. Kotewall for an increased grant to the Society for the Protection of Children.\n\nThe good work done by this Society and its financial position have been fully set out by the Hon. Dr. Kotewall in his speech. It only remains for me to emphasize its need of financial support and associate myself with the Hon. Members in asking for an increased grant to this deserving institution.\n\nAN EDUCATION MATTER.\n\nRecent letters appearing in the senior morning newspaper suggest the possibility of the introduction of midget taxis into Kowloon.\n\nAs the Estimates under Head No. 28, services, no rickshaws have been licensed for miscellaneous to ply for hire in the Homuntin and Kowloon Tong areas, a cheap labour service such as is contemplated is bound to reduce travelling expenses in the case of those residents whose slender purses do not afford them to permit of the luxury of the ownership of a motor car.\n\nThe Normal School for women is being housed in rented premises which proved to be most unsuitable. The need of a building of its own is very urgent.\n\nThe Hon. the Colonial Secretary has, in his speech, recognized its urgency but building operation is deferred to other more important works.\n\nAs the grant for building is not so large as compared with other large schemes, I urge the Government to keep the matter in sight and sanction building operation at the earliest possible date.\n\nKowloon's Fair Name.\n\nWhen I rose to address the Council this afternoon, I spoke with some enthusiasm on the industrial expansion of Kowloon.\n\nKowloon is looked on by many as a \"Promised Land\" to be jealously guarded and conserved as the precious heritage of pioneer settlers whose descendants have made Kowloon their permanent home in the Colony.\n\n(Applause).",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-541-2 Estimates 1931 14-10-1932 - 19-7-1934.txt",
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    {
        "id": 545498,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-549-12 Annual report of the Social and Economic Progress of the People of Hong Kong- 1933... 8-6-1934 - 11-6-1934",
        "page_number": 54,
        "title": "CO129-549-12 Annual report of the Social and Economic Progress of the People of Hong Kong- 1933... 8-6-1934 - 11-6-1934",
        "content_text": "## Chapter XII \n### PUBLIC WORKS\n\nDuring the year under review the operations of the Public Works Department were carried out under a Head Office Staff by eleven sub-departments. The European Staff comprised 160 officers and the Asiatic Staff 612.\n\n#### 2. Buildings\nThe following works were completed during the year: Crematorium at Kai Lung Wan Cemetery; extension of the offices of the Public Works Department; additions to Kowloon Hospital comprising a new Ward Block and a House for a second European Medical Officer; Venereal Diseases Clinic at Kowloon; new Cattle Lairage at Ma Tau Kok Cattle Depot; Wireless Broadcasting Station at Kowloon; the Lady Ho Tung Infant Welfare Centre at Fanling; extension to the Store at the Central Police Station; provision of tanks for the storage of fish at the Central Market; Quarters for Gardeners at the Government Pavilions; Latrine and Bath House at Hennessy Road; Drill Hall at Kowloon Junior School; alterations at Kowloon Fire Station to provide quarters for Sub-Officers; Quarters and Store for the Botanical and Forestry Department; additions to Tai O Police Station; alteration and additions at the Remand Home for Juvenile Offenders; additions at Tsun Wan Police Station; adaptation of the Sailors' Home and Seamen's Institute for Offices; two Garages at Tai Po and the erection of a Fountain, Shelter and Lavatory in the Botanical Gardens.\n\n31\n\nIn addition the following works were under construction during the year:-Site formation for the New Government Civil Hospital at Pokfulam; new Residence for the Director, Royal Observatory; Government Bungalow at Fanling; Block of Quarters for Nurses at Kowloon Hospital; site preparation for the New Gaol at Stanley; Sextons Quarters at Chai Wan Cemetery; additional Wing containing Laboratory and Class Rooms at the Junior Technical School; Dormitory Block at Lai Chi Kok Gaol.\n\nIn addition to general maintenance, numerous minor alterations and improvements to Government Buildings were also executed during the year.\n\n#### 3. Communications\nThe following works were completed: The Concourse Area at Jubilee Street Vehicular Ferry Pier was surfaced; completed portions of Jaffe & Thomson Roads were kerbed, channelled and surfaced; a new area for burial purposes was formed in the Colonial Cemetery; a further section of Connaught Road West from Eastern Street to Ping On Wharf was strengthened, sandcarpeting and surfacing on a 6\" cement concrete foundation being laid; Kennedy Road-a further section of this road adjoining the Magazine was widened to 30 feet; a retaining wall adjoining IL. 59 section A, Caine Road, was taken down and rebuilt to the new road alignment; dangerous bends on Tai Hang Road were improved; Stubbs Road was regraded between the Peak Hotel and Jardine's Corner; a portion of Prince Edward Road between the Railway Bridge and Leven Road surfaced with 7\" reinforced concrete; Chatham Road between Middle Road and Austin Road laid with bottoming and surfacing; the Concourse Area at Jordan Road Vehicular Ferry Pier laid with bottoming and surfacing; Taipo Road diverted at its junction with Castle Peak Road and laid with bottoming and surfacing; Children's Playground complete with shelter, lavatories and equipment erected at Kowloon Tong; area for Children's Playground formed at Tong Mi Road; area for Children's Playground formed at Shantung Street; the bend on Castle Peak Road opposite the Warders' Quarters widened and improved; the bend at top of Laichikok Hill on Castle Peak Road widened and improved. The strengthening and improvement of road surfaces in the New Territories was continued between 20th and 21st milestones-Castle Peak; between 30th and 35th milestones-Mei Po-Fanling; between Kwanti Race Course and 2nd milestone, Sha Tau Kok Road and at Tsun Wan Hill; also between Tai Wai Level Crossing (8 mile-stone) and 12th mile-stone, Taipo Road. The hilly portions of the Lin Ma Hang-Sha Tau Kok Patrol Path was surfaced.\n\nThe following works were under construction:-The 1st section of new road between Causeway Bay and Ming Yuen Gardens; a new road to Bathing Beaches (S.E. of Repulse Bay); widening of Robinson Road between Peak Road and Glenealy... \n\n30 \n\nThese Bank notes are redeemable in legal tender dollars at the Banks' Offices in Hong Kong, and include fiduciary issues amounting to $12,000,000, the balance being covered in various proportions for the respective banks by silver coin of approved denominations, by bullion, and by securities.\n\n### The weights and measures in use in the Colony are defined in the Schedule to Ordinance No. 2 of 1885. \nThey consist of the standards in use in the United Kingdom and of the following Chinese Weights and Measures:— \n| Unit | Equivalent |\n| --- | --- |\n| 1 fan (candareen) | 0.0183 ounces avoirdupois |\n| 1 tsin (mace) | 0.133 ounces avoirdupois |\n| 1 leung (tael) | 1.33 ounces avoirdupois |\n| 1 kan (catty) | 1.33 pounds avoirdupois |\n| 1 tam (picul) | 133.88 pounds avoirdupois |\n| 1 check (foot) | 14.4 English inches divided into 10 tsün (inches) and each tsun into 10 fan or tenths |",
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    {
        "id": 545952,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-550-1 Estimates 1935 14-9-1934 - 15-9-1934",
        "page_number": 85,
        "title": "CO129-550-1 Estimates 1935 14-9-1934 - 15-9-1934",
        "content_text": "C. S. O.\n\nM.F. 237.)\n\nThe help in the attainment of this object. In memorandum dated the 7th March, 1934, I pleaded strongly for a substantial reduction in the charges for excess water consumption.\n\nThe action of the Government in granting rebate of 15 per cent—though it is by no means an adequate allowance—is in some measure, a contribution towards the restoration of public confidence, and as such is to be welcomed.\n\nThree Proposals.\n\nIn another memorandum dated the 12th May, 1934, as a result of a more comprehensive inquiry conducted by some leading Chinese merchants into the possibilities of ameliorative measures, I submitted three further proposals. These proposals were:-\n\n(1) That the Government should, as far as possible, grant extension of time for the fulfilment of building covenants;\n\n(2) That, in the case of Chinese tenement houses, assessment should be made for each floor instead of for the whole house; and\n\n(3) That, as a temporary measure, the Assessment Tax otherwise known as Rates, be reduced from 17 to 13 per cent.\n\nIn respect of the first of these three proposals—extension of Building Covenants—it is a matter for gratification that the Government has adopted the generous attitude of granting free extensions, with subsequent extensions at reduced rates, in cases of genuine hardship.\n\nIt is my understanding that the other two proposals have been referred to the Trade Commission for examination. I have the greatest confidence in the Commission, whose personnel is such as to encourage hopes that its labours will be productive.\n\nThe matter of assessing Chinese tenement houses by floors was dealt with by my honourable friend Mr. T. N. Chau and by myself at the meeting of this Council held on October, 1933 (Hongkong Hansard 1933, pages 119 & 125).\n\nIt may be useful to repeat here some of the reasonings adduced by the Hon. Mr. T. N. Chau in favour of changing the present system: The economically unsound, for it has the tendency of compelling landlords to close the whole house when there are two or more floors vacant, in order to enable them to obtain refund of Rates.\n\nThis may have the effect of spreading the population, but in these days of extreme economic depression, the sight of entirely empty houses dotting all over the town, does not conduce to a restoration of confidence so essential to recovery.\n\nFurther, the revenue may not suffer substantially by the change, since many of the houses now entirely vacant will be at least partially occupied, and Rates will be payable in respect of such partial occupation.\n\nThe Hon. Colonial Treasurer, Mr. M. J. Breen, in objecting to the proposals at the time, said that to assess floors separately as proposed by us would treble the work of the revenue collection branch of the Treasury, and more than treble the work of the Assessor's Office, as the extra supervision would be increased disproportionately (Hansard 1933, page 130).\n\nMr. Breen went on to say (page 131 of Hongkong Hansard 1933) that to assess each floor separately, and consequently to refund as vacancies occur, would merely encourage landlords to remove the occupants of a partially occupied floor and crowd the remaining ones.\n\nAn Inconsistency.\n\nI know of a case in which two floors became vacant, and the third was occupied by the owner himself. If a mortgage also exists, as it does in many cases in these hard times, the position is still worse, and the owner may be forced by the mortgagee to sell out at a ruinous price.\n\nTo give another illustration. A common type of such three-storey tenement-houses is one in which the ground floor is used as a shop. In this case the rents, when all parts are occupied, may be $100 for the ground-floor, and $40 for each of the two upper floors. If, through slackness of trade, a condition too common to-day, the ground floor is unoccupied, the whole-tenement system of assessment is a proportionately heavier burden upon the owner, and correspondingly more disastrous in its results upon livelihood.\n\nI believe, therefore, that the assessment of Chinese tenement-houses by floors is a measure which would ameliorate the situation by lifting part of the burden now resting upon a large section of the people, and by restoring in some degree the purchasing power on which business activity so largely depends.\n\nThe concession, in my view, would not increase the risk of overcrowding. There would be no inducement towards overcrowding of floors any more than there is with the present system towards overcrowding of houses. At any rate, the matter can easily be regulated by law.\n\nLoss Of $660,000.\n\nIt is computed that the suggestion, if adopted, would involve a loss in revenue of about $660,000. This figure has been arrived at in this way: The vacant floors of Chinese tenement houses are estimated to represent roughly 10 per cent. of all the rate-paying buildings in the Colony.\n\nAccording to the report of the Assessor for 1933-34, the total valuation of the Colony is $38,941,273. Calculated on the above basis of 10 per cent., the decrease in the total valuation is $3,894,127, and the consequential loss to revenue, being 17 per cent. on the latter figure, is about $660,000.\n\nI do not think that to change the advocated system would necessitate the heavy augmentation to staff feared by the Treasury; but even if it would, I submit that it should not stand in the way of the change.\n\nIt is important to bear in mind that the system I advocate has already been applied in the case of what are called \"European-style houses\". Why should there be this inconsistency as between European-style and Chinese-style houses?\n\nIf it be no more than justice in the case of the former that each floor should be assessed separately, it follows that the denial of this concession to the latter must mean injustice, and cannot be defended on any valid principle.\n\nThe proposals which were put forward in the memorandum made no claim to be ultimate solutions; their value lies rather in the claim, which may properly be made for them, that they would tend to check the downward movement of business generally, so that the conditions which have been daily becoming worse may not finally deteriorate to a stage at which recovery, even when the opportunity arises, will be most seriously retarded.\n\nIn short, the measures which I have suggested are measures which, if they are to have any efficacy at all, should be adopted at the earliest possible moment.\n\nAssessment of Taxes.\n\nNow, in regard to my second proposal—a change in the method of assessment—the system which is at present applied to Chinese-style tenement-houses is illogical and inequitable, as I shall show.\n\nThe present method of assessment of Chinese-style houses must, in its results, be an added factor in the present depression. The effects it may produce can be simply illustrated.\n\nTake a three-storey Chinese house. Each floor may be let for a monthly rent of $50. The owner may very commonly occupy one floor himself, and be dependent for his livelihood on the rents received from the remaining two floors, subject, of course, to payment out of such rents for Crown rent, Rates, insurance and repairs.\n\nIf one of the floors is vacant, he receives in rent only $100 a month, but has to pay 17 per cent on the combined rental of the whole tenement, namely, $150.\n\nAdd to this charge the other disbursements mentioned, and it is clear that his income may be reduced to a starvation point.\n\nIn regard to my third and most important recommendation—a reduction in Assessed Taxes by 4 per cent.—I may remind Your Excellency that when this percentage was added in 1930, strong protests were raised by the Chinese community.\n\nAt a meeting of this Council held on the 20th October, 1930, when the Budget for the ensuing year was under consideration, I stated that the proposed increase had caused great concern among the Chinese, and that representations had been made to the Council by public bodies as well as individuals urging that the rate should remain at 13 per cent.\n\nI also said that the opinion had been expressed that in view of the bad times, when cost of living was very high and the volume of trade abnormally low, any increase in the Rates would have an immediate reaction on the prosperity of the Colony (Hongkong Hansard 1930, page 203).\n\nPage 92",
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        "id": 548262,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-553-3 Anti-piracy measures 7-3-1935 - 4-11-1935",
        "page_number": 80,
        "title": "CO129-553-3 Anti-piracy measures 7-3-1935 - 4-11-1935",
        "content_text": "16. On passage to Tsiech Point he expressed his intention to resign his post 3 weeks hence as the work was too hard.\n\n17. He appeared to cherish every hope of marching to Tai Sami from Tsiech Point, being re-embarked there and conveyed back to Autan before dark the same day with the object of meeting Colonel Chen: The military object gained by this plan of campaign appeared to be somewhat obscure. Indeed his plans generally appeared vague in the extreme.\n\n18. Another expressed hope was to be in Hong Kong on 3rd February to meet his brother for Chinese New Year celebrations.\n\n19. At 1230 communication was established with \"WU FUNG\" and Major Ma directed her to proceed to Tai Sami. She reported \"sailing now\".\n\n20. At 1310 \"DECOY\" arrived off the eastern end of the sandy beach opposite the road leading inland (Chart 1962, plan of Goat Island) but the surf being obviously too much to permit the safe disembarkation of Chinese soldiers. I proceeded 2.3 miles westward.\n\n21. The party was landed there safely though they displayed no very evident signs of enthusiasm.\n\n22. Before landing I acquainted Major Ma with the latest information received from \"DEFENDER\" who had visited Tai Sami and he informed me that he would not require my services further.\n\n23. He especially asked me to convey his thanks to the Commodore and expressed deep gratitude for the trouble taken and regrets the trouble imposed by the piracy.\n\n24. At 1502. \"DECOY\" proceeded southward to the traffic route in anticipation of Commodore's approval.\n\n25. \"DEFENDER\" who had joined me from Tai Sami was directed to resume patrol and in doing so was instructed to show herself well inside Hei Chi Chin Bay until dark.\n\n26. This disposition insured the patrol area being adequately guarded until dark.\n\n27. At 1939 when in position 133 deg:, 9.2 miles from Mirs Point \"DEFENDER\" passed to \"DECOY\" a message from S.S. \"SEISTAN\" reporting a steamer standing in towards Mirs Bay looking suspicious.\n\n28. At the same time \"SEISTAN\" was sighted and the above information confirmed by V/3.\n\n29. Course was immediately altered for Mirs Bay and speed increased to 24 knots. Very shortly after this the visibility became greatly reduced and as no fixes were possible speed had to be reduced to slow until land could be observed, which it was at close range. Asdics were beneficial as a check in feeling my way in.\n\n30. Ship established W/T communication with Police Launch No.4 and anchored in Peng Chau Roads at 2010 having observed no ships on passage.\n\n31. In the mist the searchlights proved ineffective for searching the Ha Sha beaches: this was accordingly carried out by an armed motor boat but nothing suspicious was to be found.\n\nPage 80\n\nPage 81",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-553-3 Anti-piracy measures 7-3-1935 - 4-11-1935.txt",
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    {
        "id": 551834,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-558-3 Levy on Salaries- petition from Chinese Civil Servants 3-1-1936 - 19-12-1936",
        "page_number": 195,
        "title": "CO129-558-3 Levy on Salaries- petition from Chinese Civil Servants 3-1-1936 - 19-12-1936",
        "content_text": "| Department | Rank | Signature |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n|  | Clerk | Kwok Ping Kwong |\n|  | Clerk | Hon Shum Kit |\n|  | Clerk | Pun Hon Yin |\n|  | Clerk | Chow Hot Hing |\n|  | Clerk | Kevok Man Dim |\n| Public Works Department | Storekeeper | Whing Wing Man |\n|  | Clerk | Rit Dui Sane |\n|  | Clerk | Wong Chi Pang |\n|  | Surveyor | Cebeng Kauston |\n|  | Surveyor | Liang Much Hai |\n|  | Draughtsman | Yeung Koko Hin |\n|  | Clerk | Zan Ka Zang |\n|  | Surveyor | Chess Leg Fong |\n|  | Draughtsman | Zi Jam Ou |\n|  | Surveyor | Splanking Mefung |\n|  | Surveyor | Long Guthing |\n|  | Draughtsman | Chan Wing Chering |\n|  | Clerk | Fung Han Ye |\n|  | Clerk | King Kai Kwan |\n|  | Clerk | Ho Kam Fue |\n|  | Clerk | La Bulleorg |\n|  | Clerk | Wong Chuna Fuky |\n|  | Clerk | Linus Check |\n|  | Surveyor | Thang In Sui |\n|  |  | Horva Wai-Fong |\n|  |  | Ng Singh |\n|  |  | Chan Ti Sum |\n|  |  | Wough Ho Lai Kung Tze You Lin |\n|  | Clerk | Charle Chan Hai Jack |\n|  | Clerk | Lee Hai Tong |\n|  | Clerk | Elonk |\n|  | Clerk | Chan Chidan |\n|  | Clerk | Li Chimen |\n|  | Clerk | Thin Wong Choke |\n|  | Clerk | Dil Pricia Wrong Isylving |\n|  | Clerk | Yung Pin Ching |\n|  | Clerk | Wong Shu Han |\n|  | Clerk | Lambare |\n|  | Clerk | Long Man Young |\n|  | Clerk | Lepom |\n|  | Clerk | Chau Shun Cha Gove Ho Sum Fane |\n|  | Clerk | Jam Ting Kain |\n|  | Clerk | Chung Kin Fal |\n|  | Clerk | Pan Kwong Lok |\n|  | Clerk | Fring Wing Sill |\n|  | Cashier | Then King Sang |",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-558-3 Levy on Salaries- petition from Chinese Civil Servants 3-1-1936 - 19-12-1936.txt",
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    {
        "id": 551837,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-558-3 Levy on Salaries- petition from Chinese Civil Servants 3-1-1936 - 19-12-1936",
        "page_number": 198,
        "title": "CO129-558-3 Levy on Salaries- petition from Chinese Civil Servants 3-1-1936 - 19-12-1936",
        "content_text": "# \n## Signature \nWilla \nChan Pailan \n(Chan Heifung, 2 \n\n## Department \nPublic Works Department \n\n## Rank \nSignature \nRank \n\n| Name | Rank |\n| --- | --- |\n| Ching Kan Johof | 1st Class Land Surveyor |\n| Chan Chungling | 2nd Class Land Surveyor |\n| Kas bohnen ting |  |\n| My Po Lam |  |\n| Lilving Kwong |  |\n| Sinittablis |  |\n| Ng Ting Cheak |  |\n| Chow Yan thang |  |\n| Tong Chi Tai |  |\n| Leung Wan Henk |  |\n| Pangon ti bhonkhiasany |  |\n| Ng Polini |  |\n| Lay find ang |  |\n| Lich King | 1st Class Land Surveyor's Assistant |\n|  | for Jam Chui |\n| Willing Kwake Ping | 3rd Class |\n|  | For thing quen |\n| Cheong Wing Hong |  |\n| Lo |  |\n| To Ying the |  |\n| Being share fo |  |\n| Ng Tai Lak |  |\n| Jang Chilen |  |\n| Jong Shanting |  |\n| Ny Wing |  |\n| Jong Post su |  |\n| In |  |\n| Lo Hok Kai |  |\n| Lai suing Chan |  |\n| Jamyan Karay bhan | in Jung |\n| Pang Chak Sang | ~ Class insuplemen |\n|  |  |\n| 6th Goode Charle |  |\n| Lung She has | Andreen 3.11. Poor |\n| Cheung Sung to | Tang Yaktin Pun shing Fat. 4th |\n| To You wing |  |\n| To yok Wong |  |\n| mauuun |  |\n| Wong Chun Stung |  |\n| bhan bhaust den |  |\n| You Then Kwai | 4th |\n| Wong Jan tieng | 2nd Class cus |\n| Jan Wali How |  |\n| Cheung Wing I |  |\n| Wing Fun OB | 3rd Class Clerk inted For 4th Class Clerk |\n| Dances Hang | 5th Class Clerk |\n| Leung Yunching | 5th Class Click |\n| Chape to ani |  |\n| wangbok | by 2nd. dass daughter |\n| Dungkan Book | meter reader |\n| Taughwokhang |  |\n|  | Class Click |\n|  | 6B. Class Clerk |\n| Chan Ping to | 6A Class Clock |\n| Jautrke | 68... |\n| Chii Hor |  |\n| Chan Wan thing | ADimee Clark |\n|  | Meter Reader |",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-558-3 Levy on Salaries- petition from Chinese Civil Servants 3-1-1936 - 19-12-1936.txt",
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    {
        "id": 555262,
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        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-563-17 Sino-Japanese War- attacks on shipping. For extracted photographs see CN 3-12 27-9-1937 - 17-1-1938",
        "page_number": 112,
        "title": "CO129-563-17 Sino-Japanese War- attacks on shipping. For extracted photographs see CN 3-12 27-9-1937 - 17-1-1938",
        "content_text": "# THE HONG KONG WEEKLY PRESS & \n## October 29, 1937\n### AMERICA'S NEW CHINA CORONER POLICY ANALYSED\n\n#### Chinese Opinion \n##### Opinion On The Change\n\n(FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT)  \nCANTON, OCTOBER 21.\n\nIN VIEW OF AMERICA'S SUDDEN SWITCH IN FAR EASTERN POLICY AS A RESULT OF PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT'S SPEECH, THE WRITER MADE A CANVASS OF CHINESE OPINION WHICH SHOULD BE OF INTEREST.\n\nA leading Chinese official declared that President Roosevelt's clarion call to the nations of the world to \"make a concerted effort to uphold the laws and principles upon which alone peace can rest secure,\" showed that he is a real friend of China, and also that the school of opinion in the United States which was advocating isolationism at whatever cost was beginning to realize that if the bombings of open towns and massacre of non-combatants continued unchecked, America may not be so safe after all.\n\nAnother Chinese official thought that the first gesture of withdrawal from China was only a feeler to test the real sentiments of the American people on the policy to adopt toward Japan's aggression on an unoffending neighbour. The American wave of protests from citizens in China convinced the State Department that any withdrawal would be highly detrimental to American interests, and so President Roosevelt made his speech in Chicago.\n\n#### READY TO CO-OPERATE\nThe consensus of opinion in official, business, and educational circles in Canton is that the United States and Great Britain had now reached the stage where they were ready to co-operate in the Far East. High hopes were, therefore, entertained over the forthcoming Nine Power Conference at Brussels. \"The Chungshan Daily News\" declared in an editorial that \"the United States and China shared a common responsibility in maintaining the sanctity of international treaties and their mutual co-operation would help to stabilize the balance of power in the Pacific area and restore peace in the Far East.\"\n\nIn view of this consistent friendship, the paper continues, \"the two countries cherish a common ideal and should check the onward march of the violator of world peace in order to realize their common aim. The United States has, of course, perfect freedom of independent action in her handling of international problems, but so far as treaty obligations are concerned, such freedom ought to be limited to a certain extent. It must not be forgotten that the Nine-Power Treaty, the Briand-Kellogg Pact, and the Covenant of the League of Nations were enacted with a definite purpose by the statesmen of the world.\"\n\n\"To solve the problem of international conflicts, Mr. Cordell Hull emphasizes the need of securing peace and calls our attention to it. While we appreciate his desire for peace, it seems that his 14-point proposal is passive in nature, and although it is reported that forty-four states have already adhered to it in principle, they have not yet taken any practical steps to realize this high ideal,\" the paper continues.\n\n#### THE ONLY STEP\nThe paper then says that \"in the face of Japanese armed aggression, China is taking the only appropriate steps in the defence of her territorial sovereignty. It is hoped that President Roosevelt will lend his active support on the side of right and justice, especially when he says that 'America actively engages in the search for peace.'\"\n\n\"The Canton Gazette\" holds the opinion that \"unaided, the United States will not be able to enforce her Monroe Doctrine. She who would leave others alone in their time of need would meet the same fate herself, and there is no reason why any of the Central or South American states should not be the property of one who needed it and had the power to take it.\"\n\nThe journal goes on with an exposition of Britain's difficult role, but adds that the aid of France and Soviet Russia \"is more powerful than any combination that has been or can be made East or West. When necessary, the three can offer sufficient inducements for the United States to throw her weight on their side. Besides, isolationism is no longer possible or practical. Hungry eyes are cast on Central and South America.\"\n\n### PRAISES POLICE\n#### Fine Work In Typhoon Fire\n\nStrong commendatory remarks on the work done by the police and the Fire Brigade in the West Point fire which broke out during the height of the typhoon on September 2, were made by Mr. W. Schofield, Senior Magistrate, at the Central Magistracy on Oct. 20.\n\nMr. Schofield was sitting Coroner at an inquiry held into the circumstances surrounding the death of Tong Cheung, a 76-year-old man residing in a house in Connaught Road West, one of the premises involved in the fire. Assisting him was a jury comprising Messrs. M. Nemazee (foreman), M. V. Neves, and A. J. Hussain.\n\nMr. Schofield said \"The behaviour of the police and the Fire Brigade seems to me to have been most admirable in every way. They were working under difficulties the like of which I have never heard of outside war-time.\"\n\nWithout retiring, the jury returned a verdict of death by misadventure, and the foreman added they did not desire to record a rider.\n\nThe Coroner expressed his sympathy with the relatives of the deceased.\n\n### NAVAL ESCORTS FOR NEW GOVERNOR\nWhen His Excellency the new Governor, Sir Geoffrey Northcote, and Lady Northcote arrive in the Colony on October 28 by the P. and O. liner s.s. Ranchi, the Royal Navy will provide an escort of two Destroyers in H.M.S. Duchess and H.M.S. Thracian, while H.M. Aircraft Carrier Eagle will provide an air escort.\n\nAll His Majesty's warships in harbour and Royal Fleet Auxiliary vessels will be dressed overall.\n\n## CHINA OVERLAND TRADE REPORT\n\n### JUNK-SINKING INQUIRY\n#### SURVIVORS TELL OF ALLEGED JAPANESE SAVAGERY ON HIGH SEAS\n##### FISHING JUNKS SINK IN FULL SIGHT OF MERCILESS ATTACKERS\n\nGraphic descriptions of the merciless sinking of a fleet of fishing junks by a submarine, the crew of which were described by one witness as Japanese, were given by survivors at the Supreme Court on Oct. 18 when the \"Junk-sinking Inquiry\" commenced. The inquiry is being conducted by a Government-appointed Commission comprising His Honour the Chief Justice, Sir Atho. MacGregor, the Harbour Master, the Hon. Commander J. B. Newill, and Mr. Justice J. A. Fraser.\n\nMr. J. C. McDouall is acting as Secretary to the Commission. According to the witnesses, the submarine, which came upon the junks near the Che Long lighthouse on September 22, went up to them one by one and systematically sank them.\n\nAt the outset of the proceedings, Mr. John Whyatt, Assistant Attorney-General, who is assisting the Commission in the marshalling of evidence, said:\n\n\"May it please you, Sir:-I have been asked to appear before the Commission during this enquiry for the purpose of assisting you, as far as I am able, in the task which has been entrusted to you under your terms of reference by His Excellency the Officer Administering the Government of the Colony of Hong Kong.\n\n\"It will be necessary, in order that the true facts relating to the sinking of these fishing junks may be established, that you should have before you witnesses who can give sworn evidence of the material circumstances, and the object of my presence at this inquiry is to call before the Commission all the witnesses who are available whose evidence can be of assistance to the Commission in arriving at its conclusions.\n\n\"I desire to say that in calling this evidence, I shall observe strictly the ordinary rules of evidence, and in no circumstances will any evidence be tendered or any questions be asked which would not be admissible in proceedings conducted in accordance with the practice which prevails in a British Court of Justice.\"\n\n#### ORAL TESTIMONY\n\"I do not propose, before calling the witnesses, to make any comments or to outline in detail the evidence which they will give, because I think it is desirable in an Inquiry of this kind that the material to be placed before the Commission for its consideration should be limited strictly to the oral testimony of the witnesses themselves. It will be sufficient, I think, for your purposes, if I indicate to you as briefly as possible the various classes of witnesses who will be called and the nature of the evidence they will give concerning the matters relevant to this inquiry.\n\n\"In the first place, I shall call before you a number of eye-witnesses who were present on board the fishing junks that we are concerned with, who will describe to you the circumstances in which these vessels were sunk. Altogether, ten fishing junks were sunk, and although many lives were lost, there were fortunately a considerable number of survivors, and of these, fourteen are at present in this Colony and will be called to give evidence. Their evidence will be supplemented to some extent by an officer from the British steamship `Kaying` which picked up some of the survivors. Other survivors were picked up by the German liner `Scharnhorst`, but as she has already sailed for Europe and will not call at the port of Hong Kong again until she returns to the Far East in two months' time, I regret to say it will not be possible to call witnesses from the `Scharnhorst` at this inquiry to tell you what they know concerning this matter.\"\n\n#### EXPERT WITNESS\n\"In addition to the evidence of eye-witnesses, I shall call medical evidence from the Queen Mary Hospital and the Kwong Wah Hospital. The witnesses from these hospitals will be doctors who attended to those survivors who required medical attention when they arrived in Hong Kong, and they will describe to you what they found when they examined these men after their admission to hospital. These witnesses, in addition to giving oral evidence, will produce as exhibits a splinter of metal and a copper bullet which have been removed from the bodies of two of the survivors, and also an X-ray photograph which was taken before an operation was performed on one of these men.\n\n\"I shall also call evidence from the Royal Observatory at Hong Kong as to weather conditions that prevailed on the relevant dates in the vicinity of the place where the junks were sunk. And lastly, I shall call a naval officer who will give evidence as an expert on the question of the distinguishing marks which are carried by certain naval craft with which he is familiar.\"\n\n\"I think perhaps I have now said sufficient in this brief summary to indicate to you the nature of the evidence I intend to put before you, and with your leave, I will now proceed to call the witnesses.\"\n\n#### CONSUL NOT ATTENDING\nMr. Whyatt had also intimated that the Japanese Consul had been informed of the inquiry, and correspondence had been exchanged, the last communication from that office having been received that morning. This stated that the Japanese Consul would not be attending the inquiry, nor would he be represented. The Portuguese Consul had also been informed, as Macao had been mentioned as the home port or port of registry of one or more of the Junks. He was present in Court but desired to take no active part in the proceedings. Messrs. Butterfeld and Swire and the Norddeutscher Lloyd wished to have nothing to do with the inquiry.\n\n### FOR THE POOR\nThe Society of St. Vincent de Paul acknowledges with grateful appreciation and thanks the receipt of the following donations and gifts to the Fete on November 7, 1937.\n\n| Donor | Amount/Donation |\n| --- | --- |\n| Mr. W. B. Finnigan | $25.00 |\n| Hon. Mr. M. K. Lo | $10.00 |\n| Messrs. Kayamally & Co. | $10.00 |\n| Mr. G. P. de Martin | $25.00 |\n| Mrs. V. Sorby | $30.00 |\n| Mr. A. el Arculli | $10.00 |\n| Mr. Ho Kom Tong | $25.00 |\n| Mr. A. C. Wilcox | $25.00 |\n| Anonymous (per Mr. Dixon) | $10.00 |\n| The Grand Dispensary, Ltd. | 24 bottles \"Happy Kid\" Baby Water |",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-563-17 Sino-Japanese War- attacks on shipping. For extracted photographs see CN 3-12 27-9-1937 - 17-1-1938.txt",
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    {
        "id": 567665,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-580-3 Sino-Japanese War- anti-Japanese activities in Hong Kong 23-8-1939 - 30-12-1939",
        "page_number": 31,
        "title": "CO129-580-3 Sino-Japanese War- anti-Japanese activities in Hong Kong 23-8-1939 - 30-12-1939",
        "content_text": "6.\n\n3.\n\n32\n\n(a) \"To frustrate the enemy's sinister plot in buying the editors of newspapers and to check their progress\" $800\n\n(b) \"To form a network of intelligence and to keep in close touch with the members of the Inquiry and Statistical Bureau stationed in Hong Kong\" $1600\n\n(c) \"To prevent the activities of parties other than the Party. The Party should have executive members to fight for the leadership in various movements\" $3000\n\n(d) \"To cultivate the women's leaders in order to replace the elements who show a tendency towards communism\". $200\n\n(e) \"To keep in touch with Hong Kong unions particularly the seamen's union\". $500.\n\nThe total of special expenditure on the objects set out in paragraphs 4 and 5 is variously estimated in two different documents at $27,100 and $28,600. A third document includes $2000 for \"social intercourse expenses for keeping in touch with the Governments of Hong Kong and Macao, such as newspaper censors office, Police Department etc.\"\n\nIt is not clear whether the sums mentioned are in Hong Kong or National currency or whether they represent monthly or total expenses.\n\n7.\n\nA letter from Ko Ting Tsz to Mr. Lau (...) indicates that Ko is an employee of the Ministry of Economics; and a letter to Ko from Chu Chia Hua shows that the Hong Kong Three People's Principles Youth Corps was organized on the instructions of Wu Te-chen.\n\n8.\n\nThe following comments are offered on the items in paragraph 5.\n\n(a)\n\nIn August, 1939, the printers employed by the two papers belonging to Wang Ching Wei walked out. Intimidation was alleged and it was suggested that the strike was instigated by General Wu's organization. The men were replaced and no further trouble occurred.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-580-3 Sino-Japanese War- anti-Japanese activities in Hong Kong 23-8-1939 - 30-12-1939.txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 570501,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-585-1 Sino-Japanese conflict- attacks on shipping 25-1-1940 - 2-10-1940",
        "page_number": 318,
        "title": "CO129-585-1 Sino-Japanese conflict- attacks on shipping 25-1-1940 - 2-10-1940",
        "content_text": "Detective Office,\n\nWater Police Station.\n\n317\n\nSO KOON CHIU. 20 years.\n\nTallyman employed by the HANG FAT Transportation Co., 3rd floor of the Bank of East Asia Building, Born at TONG CHUEN Village, SHUN TAK District, States:-\n\nI have been in Hong Kong for the past 16 months. After my arrival in Hong Kong, I was unemployed. The next 3 months I studied English at the SAN AH School, No.? Nathan Road.\n\nAfter leaving the school, I was unemployed until about one month ago when I got the job as tallyman with the HANG FAT Transportation Co. My father, named SO SAU LIN, resides at 24, Tung Choi Street, ground floor.\n\nI have known CHAN CHOI, the cargo agent, since my employment at the HANG FAT Firm.\n\nMy work consists of checking cargo onto cargo junks in Hong Kong and, on its arrival in Chinese territory, I again make a check to see if the cargo is correct.\n\nBefore leaving Hong Kong with a cargo, a cable is sent by the HANG FAT Co. in Hong Kong to the HANG FAT Co. in Canton, street unknown. I believe the procedure is then for HANG FAT in Canton to send junks loaded with cargo to NAM TAU, where the cargo from Hong Kong is unloaded and the cargo from Canton is taken on board and conveyed to Hong Kong. The receipts in connection with any cargo aboard our junks are handed over to CHAN CHOI. I don't know whether he gets the receipts from the HANG FAT Firm or whether he gets them from the cargo owners.\n\nI don't know the man mentioned, LAM CHUNG, referred to by my foki CHAN CHOI.\n\nAt about 08:30 hours on 22.1.40, I was on board one of the two junks which was being towed by the Steam Launch KWAI HING off CHEK WAN when I heard the siren of the Steam Launch KWAI HING blow two blasts. At the time the siren sounded, I was in the cabin. I came out on deck and saw CHAN CHOI, the",
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    {
        "id": 576801,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-591-12 Military Administration- Civil affairs- directives to force commander and senior officials 24-2-1945 - 13-9-1945",
        "page_number": 26,
        "title": "CO129-591-12 Military Administration- Civil affairs- directives to force commander and senior officials 24-2-1945 - 13-9-1945",
        "content_text": "37\n\nNew Territories.\n\n(24)\n\nments were made for the general demobilization of the Force. This was promulgated under Proclamation No. 14 by which all members of the H.K.V.D.C. were put on demobilization leave. By the 30th January the Corps had been virtually disbanded, but there were many outstanding questions which still required settlement, notably, a final decision on the payment of demobilization benefits and pensions, the precise status of volunteers who were not treated as prisoners of war, and the provision of employment for the large numbers of locally domiciled volunteers whom the commercial life of the Colony was not yet in a position to absorb.\n\n64. A preliminary check of expenditure showed that about HK$20,000,000 was likely to have been spent on family allowances, demobilization pay, rations and general expenses, before the Corps was finally disbanded.\n\n65. The re-occupation of the New Territories was accomplished in three stages: first, the parts of the mainland easily accessible by road; then the outlying parts; and finally the islands. The occupation of Lantau, and of Peng Chau in Mirs Bay, was completed by about the third week in November.\n\n66. The first acts of the Administration were directed at providing immediate relief where it was most urgently required, and, to this end, free food was distributed to the needy throughout the market towns and the outlying villages, agents were appointed for the sale of rice at Government-controlled prices, and a relief fund was inaugurated for the employment of the poorest inhabitants on light work for the public benefit, such as the clearing of the overgrown roads and the cleaning of the streets and open places in the market towns. Dispensaries and health centres were gradually re-established, and surveys were carried out with a view to providing the farmers and market gardeners with such assistance as lay in the Administration's power.\n\n67. It was undoubtedly partly due to these early measures, implemented by the goodwill, initiative and co-operation of the resident military personnel, that the New Territories remained throughout the Military period a predominantly peaceful and prosperous area. High prices for agricultural produce improved the lot of the country people at the expense of the townsmen.\n\n(25)\n\nUnemployment was almost eliminated by such projects as the new aerodrome at Ping Shan, and by the necessity for the speedy rehabilitation of roads, railways, bridges and water-works throughout the territory. By March, the Administration had re-established nearly all the pre-war medical facilities, and when it is realised that, in addition to these, western medical attention was available to the inhabitants at numerous Army and R.A.F. posts, it will be seen that the Territories were probably better equipped medically than in 1941. The extension of the garrison to the most outlying parts, brought with it a considerable improvement in law and order, though the abundance of illicit arms, a significant legacy of the occupation, continued to constitute a standing threat.\n\n68. Transport, however, remained a serious impediment to the prosperity of the country people. Buses were few and unreliable, and, in consequence, lorries were dangerously overloaded. The Railway worked regularly but not up to pre-war frequency. Water transport was inadequate.\n\n69. At the end of March the Ping Shan project was abandoned but the preparatory work already undertaken had involved all the complicated business of resumption, compensation and rehousing. This threatened disturbance in the lives of the country people who were affected, produced evidences of a new self-reliance and a corresponding weakening of family authority and tradition. Under more peaceful conditions this change was evidenced in other areas by the emergence of self-constituted representative bodies of doubtful effectiveness, and at least one officially sponsored experiment which might well prove to be both a standard and an example for future development.\n\n38",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-591-12 Military Administration- Civil affairs- directives to force commander and senior officials 24-2-1945 - 13-9-1945.txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 576815,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-591-12 Military Administration- Civil affairs- directives to force commander and senior officials 24-2-1945 - 13-9-1945",
        "page_number": 40,
        "title": "CO129-591-12 Military Administration- Civil affairs- directives to force commander and senior officials 24-2-1945 - 13-9-1945",
        "content_text": "4.\n\n64\n\n(52)\n\n(d) Suggestions for Improvement\n\n(i)\n\n(ii)\n\nDoctor and small staff at TAP MUN (77221) and SAI KUNG (673106) to look after area East of SAI KUNG. Also a medical detachment in the SHA TIN area.\n\nPermanent dispensary near SHEUNG SHUI village, with good supplies of vitamin and iron tablets.\n\n(iii) Weekly VD clinic at TAI-O (215945) and CHEUNG CHAU (405895) with all necessary equipment. In this area syphilis spreading and congenital syphilis also. At the moment there is no penicillin and very little arsenic and bismuth.\n\n(iv)\n\n(v)\n\nDetachments in the North and East ask for DDT squads and sanitary experts. Also small-pox vaccination at monthly intervals in all areas without an M.O.\n\nM.O. now staying on LAMMA puts in a strong complaint about hospital evacuation. Many hospital cases cannot be dealt with properly owing to shortage of beds.\n\nFood Situation\n\n(a) Government Rice Shops—See Appx. “C”.\n\n(b) Unit Rice Distribution Limited free rice distributed from many points in the New Territories. The supply of free rice in all cases ran out about the end of February.\n\nMethods of issue varied. A laborious but fair method used on LAMMA was to keep a record of the names of all people recommended by village elders. After working out a rice ration scale, the officer in charge distributed rice direct to elders, making them responsible for issue in their own villages. Sample checks afterwards revealed no irregularities.\n\n(53)\n\n(c) Quality of Last Rice Crops—Poor to bad owing to bugs and lack of rain. The crops at TUNG CHUNG (306975) were destroyed by \"locusts\".\n\n(d) Scarcities.\n\n(i) All villagers very scared by the recent cut in Government rice ration.\n\n(ii) Merchants in TAI-O and CHEUNG CHAU complain of difficulties in getting peanut oil and sugar.\n\n(iii) Salt, of which there appears to be a general shortage.\n\n(e) Suggestions—At least one rice shop for the SOKO islands (2785) and South coast of LANTAO—at present families have to visit CHEUNG CHAU (405895) separately to buy rice. Also one on PO TOI (665845) whose people have to visit STANLEY; and one at TAP MUN (772221), which would supply all villages in the area of LONG HARBOUR. An application for a rice shop at TAP MUN (772221) has previously been turned down by C.A.\n\n5.\n\nEducation\n\n(a) Schools now functioning—See Appx. “D”.\n\n(b) Village requesting assistance to open schools—See Appx. \"E\"\n\nIt will be noted that some villages request the opening of a second school where one already exists. In the case of PO TOI a Sergeant has been running the school for children from 6-10 years old with the aid of his interpreter.\n\nIn many of these cases the difficulties are formidable. Buildings need a good deal of repair and in some cases no school house is available yet. Many school teachers left during the Japanese occupation, so the provision of new staff is a second problem.\n\n65\n\nPage 40\n\nPage 41",
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    },
    {
        "id": 578000,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-591-4 Situation in enemy occupied Hong Kong 7-1-1944 - 21-11-1944",
        "page_number": 21,
        "title": "CO129-591-4 Situation in enemy occupied Hong Kong 7-1-1944 - 21-11-1944",
        "content_text": "P.O. Box 272, Victoria, B.C.\n\nFebruary 9th, 1941.\n\n31,\n\nI have the honour to submit the following report in accordance with a request received from Mr. D.K. MacDougall in Montreal on December 23rd, 1943.\n\nAt the outbreak of hostilities I was on patrol duty (Water Police) in Hong Kong harbour. Precisely at 8 am on December 8th, 1941, Japanese planes came over bombing, machine gunning various objectives, and simultaneously attacking our New Territory positions. All New Territory Police Stations were evacuated according to plan, Cheung Chau and Tai O being taken care of by water police.\n\nCruising Launches Nos. 1, 2, 3 and 4, were recalled from territorial waters to the harbour where duties consisted of maintaining patrols, directing shipping, and preventing mass exodus of Chinese from Kowloon to Hong Kong.\n\nFifth Column activity infiltrated everywhere in the Colony, e.g. a check of all fire buckets on Police stations proved them to contain petrol. Later, during hostilities, air raid sirens would sound the \"all clear\" when enemy planes were approaching.\n\nOn Wednesday afternoon, December 10th, I was detailed to proceed to Cha Awo Ling anchorage, which is situated on the Kowloon side opposite Lyemoon Pass, to disable and tow out of the harbour a number of Chinese motor junks anchored there.\n\nHundreds of small craft were endeavouring to cross over to the Island. In reverse to this procedure, I noticed one small sampan crossing from the Island to the Mainland, stopped the craft and searched the two Chinese passengers. The first was wearing a Regulation tin helmet, red arm band with gold crown, and carried a General Service respirator, which was the standard equipment for the many hundreds of Chinese employed in essential service in the Colony. Being questioned he stated he was going to Kowloon to see his father-in-law. He was unable to produce an identification pass, and said his father-in-law was in possession of this, as well as being the owner of the tin helmet. His respirator bore the name and number of a Royal Scots Private later confirmed to have been killed on the Shatin Hills; this, he claimed, also belonged to his father-in-law. In searching his person, I found a detailed plan of the Lyemoon Barracks (Kowloon side) sketched on the back of a cable wireless form. His fellow passenger proved to be the officers' mess boy, Lyemoon Barracks, Hong Kong. Neither was able to give a satisfactory explanation as to their general activities, and, upon evidence produced, they were shot the following day at Police Headquarters.\n\nI mention the above case in order to give an indication as to the general Fifth Column activity, and to point out how impossible it was to check each and every Chinese so equipped as to his proof of office.\n\nMy tour of duty ended at 6 p.m. on December 10th, and I proceeded to my home in Kowloon, having been detailed for duty...",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-591-4 Situation in enemy occupied Hong Kong 7-1-1944 - 21-11-1944.txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 582578,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-595-9 The British Military Administration of Hong Kong- report- 1946 11-7-1946 - 2-9-1946",
        "page_number": 27,
        "title": "CO129-595-9 The British Military Administration of Hong Kong- report- 1946 11-7-1946 - 2-9-1946",
        "content_text": "# \n## New Territories. \n(24)\n\nArrangements were made for the general demobilization of the Force. This was promulgated under Proclamation No. 14, by which all members of the H.K.V.D.C. were put on demobilization leave. By the 30th January, the Corps had been virtually disbanded, but there were many outstanding questions which still required settlement, notably a final decision on the payment of demobilization benefits and pensions, the precise status of volunteers who were not treated as prisoners of war, and the provision of employment for the large numbers of locally domiciled volunteers whom the commercial life of the Colony was not yet in a position to absorb.\n\n64. A preliminary check of expenditure showed that about HK$20,000,000 was likely to have been spent on family allowances, demobilization pay, rations, and general expenses before the Corps was finally disbanded.\n\n65. The re-occupation of the New Territories was accomplished in three stages: first, the parts of the mainland easily accessible by road; then the outlying parts; and finally the islands. The occupation of Lantau and of Peng Chau in Mirs Bay was completed by about the third week in November.\n\n66. The first acts of the Administration were directed at providing immediate relief where it was most urgently required, and, to this end, free food was distributed to the needy throughout the market towns and the outlying villages; agents were appointed for the sale of rice at Government-controlled prices; and a relief fund was inaugurated for the employment of the poorest inhabitants on light work for the public benefit, such as the clearing of the overgrown roads and the cleaning of the streets and open places in the market towns. Dispensaries and health centres were gradually re-established, and surveys were carried out with a view to providing the farmers and market gardeners with such assistance as lay in the Administration's power.\n\n67. It was undoubtedly partly due to these early measures, implemented by the goodwill, initiative, and co-operation of the resident military personnel, that the New Territories remained throughout the Military period a predominantly peaceful and prosperous area. High prices for agricultural produce improved the lot of the country people at the expense of the townsmen.\n\n(25)\n\nUnemployment was almost eliminated by such projects as the new aerodrome at Ping Shan and by the necessity for the speedy rehabilitation of roads, railways, bridges, and waterworks throughout the territory. By March, the Administration had re-established nearly all the pre-war medical facilities, and when it is realised that, in addition to these, western medical attention was available to the inhabitants at numerous Army and R.A.F. posts, it will be seen that the Territories were probably better equipped medically than in 1941. The extension of the garrison to the most outlying parts brought with it a considerable improvement in law and order, though the abundance of illicit arms, a significant legacy of the occupation, continued to constitute a standing threat.\n\n68. Transport, however, remained a serious impediment to the prosperity of the country people. Buses were few and unreliable, and, in consequence, lorries were dangerously overloaded. The Railway worked regularly but not up to pre-war frequency. Water transport was inadequate.\n\n69. At the end of March, the Ping Shan project was abandoned, but the preparatory work already undertaken had involved all the complicated business of resumption, compensation, and rehousing. This threatened disturbance in the lives of the country people who were affected produced evidences of a new self-reliance and a corresponding weakening of family authority and tradition. Under more peaceful conditions, this change was evidenced in other areas by the emergence of self-constituted representative bodies of doubtful effectiveness and at least one officially sponsored experiment which might well prove to be both a standard and an example for future development.\n\n## \n40",
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    {
        "id": 582592,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-595-9 The British Military Administration of Hong Kong- report- 1946 11-7-1946 - 2-9-1946",
        "page_number": 41,
        "title": "CO129-595-9 The British Military Administration of Hong Kong- report- 1946 11-7-1946 - 2-9-1946",
        "content_text": "## 4. \n\n**(d) Suggestions for Improvement** \n\n**(i)** \n**(ii)** \nDoctor and small staff at TAP MUN (77221) and SAI KUNG (673106) to look after area East of SAI KUNG. Also a medical detachment in the SHA TIN area. \n\nPermanent dispensary near SHEUNG SHUI village, with good supplies of vitamin and iron tablets. \n\n**(iii)** Weekly VD clinic at TAI-O (215945) and CHEUNG CHAU (405895) with all necessary equipment. In this area syphilis is spreading and congenital syphilis also. At the moment there is no penicillin and very little arsenic and bismuth, \n\n**(iv)** \n**(v)** \n\nDetachments in the North and East ask for DDT squads and sanitary experts. Also small-pox vaccination at monthly intervals in all areas without an M.O. \n\nM.O. now staying on LAMMA puts in a strong complaint about hospital evacuation. Many hospital cases cannot be dealt with properly owing to shortage of beds. \n\n## Food Situation \n\n**(a)** Government Rice Shops—See Appx. \"C\". \n\n**(b)** Unit Rice Distribution—Limited free rice distributed from many points in the New Territories. The supply of free rice in all cases ran out about the end of February. \n\nMethods of issue varied. A laborious but fair method used on LAMMA was to keep a record of the names of all people recommended by village elders. After working out a rice ration scale, the officer in charge distributed rice direct to elders, making them responsible for issue in their own villages. Sample checks afterwards revealed no irregularities. \n\n**(53)** \n\n**(c)** Quality of Last Rice Crops—Poor to bad owing to bugs and lack of rain. The crops at TUNG CHUNG (306975) were destroyed by \"locusts\". \n\n**(d)** Scarcities. \n\n**(i)** All villagers very scared by the recent cut in Government rice ration. \n\n**(ii)** Merchants in TAI-O and CHEUNG CHAU complain of difficulties in getting peanut oil and sugar. \n\n**(iii)** Salt, of which there appears to be a general shortage. \n\n**(e)** Suggestions—At least one rice shop for the SOKO islands (2785) and South coast of LANTAO—at present families have to visit CHEUNG CHAU (405895) separately to buy rice. Also one on PO TOI (665845) whose people have to visit STANLEY; and one at TAP MUN (772221), which would supply all villages in the area of LONG HARBOUR. An application for a rice shop at TAP MUN (772221) has previously been turned down by C.A. \n\n## 5. \n\n## Education \n\n**(a)** Schools now functioning—See Appx. \"D\". \n\n**(b)** Village requesting assistance to open schools—See Appx. \"E\" \n\nIt will be noted that some villages request the opening of a second school where one already exists. In the case of PO TOI a Sergeant has been running the school for children from 6-10 years old with the aid of his interpreter. \n\nIn many of these cases the difficulties are formidable. Buildings need a good deal of repair and in some cases no school house is available yet. Many school teachers left during the Japanese occupation, so the provision of new staff is a second problem,",
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    {
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-608-7 Future policy- Report on Port Administration by Sir David Owen 24-2-1941 - 24-2-1941",
        "page_number": 142,
        "title": "CO129-608-7 Future policy- Report on Port Administration by Sir David Owen 24-2-1941 - 24-2-1941",
        "content_text": "There is also room for improvement in the system of Immigration. At present considerable time could be saved to vessels either carrying Immigrants to or from the Colony.\n\nI consider that proper wharfage and accommodation facilities should be provided where deck passengers could be taken ashore immediately on a vessel's arrival, and all the necessary immigration formalities be carried out on land thereby allowing the immediate release of the carrying vessel. This method would probably help to check on smuggling as proper searches could be made before the release of the Immigrant.\n\nLikewise the despatch of outward steamers could be speeded up if all deck passengers could be put through the necessary medical and immigration formalities before proceeding on board. This would enable steamers to leave immediately the passengers were allowed on board. I would suggest the site for the Immigration Centre and piers to be in the Lai Chi Kok area.\n\n(a) I consider the establishment of a Port Trust would be the most effective method of co-ordination between Government and interests concerned.\n\n(e) I think a Port Advisory Committee would be somewhat unwieldy and the possible cause of waste of time in decisions. On the other hand a Port Trust in most cases would be in a position to act on the spot on any question that may arise.\n\n(f) No comment.\n\n(g) As recommended in the late Sir David Owen's Report I do think there will be an increasing demand for additional vehicular ferries. Before probing the question I would suggest that new enquiries be made into the feasibility of constructing a harbour tunnel. If workable this would speed up movement of traffic and would do away with the necessity of the new vehicular ferry project from Marsh Road to Gillies Avenue.\n\n147",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-608-7 Future policy- Report on Port Administration by Sir David Owen 24-2-1941 - 24-2-1941.txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 593897,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-616-2 Hong Kong War Memorial Fund (Amendment) Ordinance 1948 6-2-1948 - 16-11-1948",
        "page_number": 59,
        "title": "CO129-616-2 Hong Kong War Memorial Fund (Amendment) Ordinance 1948 6-2-1948 - 16-11-1948",
        "content_text": "## CONTRIBUTIONS TO HONG KONG WAR MEMORIAL FUND.-Continued.\n\n| Name | Amount | Name | Amount | Name | Amount | Name | Amount |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Ho Ga Yu, Mr. & Mrs. | 40.00 | Ho Siu Hong, Mr. | 300.00 | Hongkong St. Andrews Society | $100,000.00 | King Tai Guan | 100.00 |\n| Ho Kum Tong, Mr. & Mrs. | 1,000.00 | Ho Tung, Sir Robert | 10,000.00 | Hongkong Stock Exchange Ltd. | 25.00 | J. R. Jardine, Matheson & Co., Ltd. | 100,000.00 |\n| Ho Nai Tong | 10.00 | Hongkong & Shanghai Banking Corporation | 10,000.00 | King's Store | 25.00 | Jardine, Matheson & Co., Ltd., Staff | 100.00 |\n| Hongkong Bank \"Sun Wah\" | 20.00 | Java-China-Japan Lijn N.V.. | 5,610.00 | Kitty in Memory of Jeff Ko Ho Ning (Macao) | 50.00 | Insurance Staff | 224.70 |\n| Hongkong Telephone Co., Ltd. | 25,000.00 | Java-China-Japan Lijn Staff.. | 50.00 | Ho Wing, Mrs. | 20.00 | Kong Kiu School Staff & Pupils | 1,000.00 |\n| Hongkong Tramways Ltd. | 50,000.00 | Holland China Trading Co. | 50.00 | Hodges, Messrs. H. M. | 400.00 | Hongkong & Swatow Commercial Bank | 145.00 |\n| Hongkong Brewery & Distillery | 1,354.00 | Hongkong Volunteer Association | 3,000.00 | Jehangir, Shirin (Navjote Mubarak, 21/9/47) | 51.00 | H.K.V.D.C'. All ranks | 650.00 |\n| Hongkong Can Co. | 50.00 | Hongkong & Canton Export Co., Ltd. | 100.00 | Jehangir, Pesi (Navjote Mubarak, 21/9/47) | 51.00 | Canadian War Dead H.K.V.D.C. 4th Battery in memory of deceased members and N. C. O's | 51.00 |\n| Hongkong Catholic Centre | 250.00 | Hongkong & Whampoa Dock Co., Ltd. | 25,000.00 | Jehangir & Company (Navjote Mubarak, 21/9/47) | 51.00 | Kowloon Dock Employees Elc. Dept. | 129.00 |\n| Hongkong Chinese Women's Club | 300.00 | Hongkong & Whampoa Dock Co., Ltd. (In Memoriam)... | 925.00 | Jehangir & Family (Navjote Mubarak, 21/9/47) | 51.00 | Kowloon Motor Bus Co. | 5,200.00 |\n| Hongkong Civil Service Chinese Association | 200.00 | Joffee, Mr. & Mrs. | 20.00 | Johannessen, R. | 10,000.00 | Krogh, Moe | 1,000.00 |\n| Hongkong Clays & Kaoling Co., Ltd. | 50.00 | Johnson, Stokes & Master | 2,500.00 | John, James | 50.00 | Kwai Kee Bank | 100.00 |\n| Hongkong Electric Co., Ltd... | 50,000.00 | Jones, Aneurin | 100.00 | Jones, Mr. & Mrs. J. G. | 100.00 | Kwan, Mr. & Mrs. C. Y. | 200.00 |\n| Hongkong Electric Co., Ltd., Staff | 1,017.35 | Jones, J. R. | 50.00 | Jones, Mr. & Mrs. Lloyd | 50.00 | Kwanti Handicap 1941, Balances of a/cs. per Mr. R. E. M. Devaux & Mr. H. E. Phillips | 1,558.00 |\n| Hongkong Electric Co., Ltd., Chinese Staff | 70.00 | Jones & Co. | 100.00 | Joseph, Julia | 1,000.00 | Kwantung Provincial Bank | 200.00 |\n| Hongkong Fire Insurance Co., Ltd. | 50,000.00 | Josephine & Jennie | 10.00 | Hua, Dr. T. Y., O.B.E. | 100.00 | Kwok, Mrs. Alic | 20.00 |\n| Hongkong Football Association | 4,599.32 | Hugh-Jones, Mr. & Mrs. G. S. | 300.00 | Kwok, Mrs. Lambert | 50.00 | \"Jonah\" | 500.00 |\n| Hongkong Football Association via H.K.V.D.C. | 4.599.51 | Hughes, Mr. & Mrs. A. W. | 5,000.00 | Kwok, Mr. & Mrs. L. P. | 200.00 | Hongkong War Effort | 1,899.41 |\n| Hongkong Hotel Garage Ltd. | 2,000.00 | Humphreys Estate & Finance Co., Ltd. | 50,000.00 | Kwok, P. C. | 50.00 | Hongkong & Yaumati Ferry Co., Ltd. | 7,000.00 |\n| Hongkong & Inland Trading Co. | 10.00 | Hung Lee & Co. | 30.00 | Kwok, Mr. & Mrs. P. K. | 100.00 | Kwok, Miss Alice F. | 10.00 |\n| Hongkong Jockey Club | 100,000.00 | Hung On To | 10.00 | Kwok, W. H. | 50.00 | Kwok, Mr. & Mrs. A. Y. | 100.00 |\n| Hongkong Jockey Club, Members | 700.00 | Hutchinson & Co. John D. | 5,000.00 | Kwok Hing Chun, Mrs. | 100.00 | Kwok, Mr. G. S. | 100.00 |\n| Hongkong & Kowloon Pawnshop Association | 100.00 | Hunt. Mr. D. | 20.00 | Kwok Hing Wang | 100.00 | Kwok Hin Wang 2nd donation (Memory of Mrs. Ma Sheng Shi) | 10.00 |\n| Hongkong & Kowloon Wharf & Godown Co., Ltd. | 50,000.00 | Hunt & Co. | 200.00 | K. B. G. C. Raffle | 283.00 | K. C. C. Contributions from Members | 102.30 |\n| Hongkong Land Investment & Agency Co., Ltd. | 25,000.00 | Kadoorie & Sons, Sir Elly | 10,000.00 | Kwan, Mr. & Mrs. C. Y. | 200.00 | Kwong Fat Bank | 200.00 |\n| Hongkong Match Factory | 100.00 | Kan Chiu Nam | 50.00 | Kwong On Bank | 500.00 | Kwong Sun Hong | 100.00 |\n| Hongkong Metal Merchant's Association | 100.00 | Kan Koan Asing & Co. | 200.00 | Kwong Tai, Middle School Students | 285.00 | Kwong Tung Hing Fruit Store | 50.00 |\n| Hongkong Printers Association | 200.00 | Kan Kom Tsing | 500.00 | Kate, Granny | 5.00 | Kourjausky, M. | 25.00 |\n| Hongkong Red Swastika Society | 500.00 | Karanjia Dr. & Mrs. N. P. | 100.00 | Keller & Co., Ed. A. | 2,000.00 | Imperial Chemical Industries. | 16,000.00 |\n| Hongkong Rope Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | 50,000.00 | Keating, Capt. D. | 100.00 | Kemp, G. A. | 50.00 | Incorporated Law Society of Hongkong | 100.00 |\n| Insurance Company of North America | 500.00 | Kennedy Road, Junior School | 100.00 | Kenworth Trading Co. | 25.00 | Indo-China Trading Co. | 500.00 |\n| International Merchandising Co. | 100.00 | Kenniff, Mr. & Mrs., & Miss | 50.00 | Khan, Mr. & Mrs. Y. J. | 5.00 | La Salle College-Staff & Students | 331.75 |\n| Ipekdjian Bros. Ltd. | 100.00 | Kim (N. 0. C. M.) | 1,000.00 | Kim Sing Hong | 100.00 | Labrum, Mr. & Mrs. V. C. | 20.00 |\n| Island Paint Co. | 200.00 | Kincheng Banking Corporation | 500.00 | King Fook Bank | 250.00 | Lai Chack Girls School Branches | 146.75 |\n| King, Professor & Mrs. Gordon | 1,000.00 | King Hing Construction Co.... | 50.00 | Lai Chack Girls School Pupils | 248.25 | Lai Hing | 50.00 |\n| Lamb-Gasper, Mrs. Dorothy... | 300.00 | Lam, F. L. | 500.00 |  |  |  |  |",
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    {
        "id": 594807,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-618-7 Port Adminstation Inquiry Committee- report and minutes of meetings 1-1-1945 - 31-12-1946",
        "page_number": 77,
        "title": "CO129-618-7 Port Adminstation Inquiry Committee- report and minutes of meetings 1-1-1945 - 31-12-1946",
        "content_text": "## 2\n\n2. There is also room for improvement in the system of Immigration. At present considerable time could be saved to vessels either carrying Immigrants to or from the Colony.\n\nI consider that proper wharfage and accommodation facilities should be provided where deck passengers could be taken ashore immediately on a vessel's arrival, and all the necessary immigration formalities be carried out on land thereby allowing the immediate release of the carrying vessel. This method would probably help to check on smuggling as proper searches could be made before the release of the Immigrant.\n\nLikewise, the despatch of outward steamers could be speeded up if all deck passengers could be put through the necessary medical and immigration formalities before proceeding on board. This would enable steamers to leave immediately the passengers were allowed on board. I would suggest the site for the Immigration Centre and piers to be in the Lai Chi Kok area.\n\n(d) I consider the establishment of a Port Trust would be the most effective method of co-ordination between Government and interests concerned.\n\n(e) I think a Port Advisory Committee would be somewhat unwieldy and the possible cause of waste of time in decisions. On the other hand, a Port Trust in most cases would be in a position to act on the spot on any question that may arise.\n\n(f) No comment.\n\n(g) As recommended in the late Sir David Owen's Report, I do think there will be an increasing demand for additional vehicular ferries. Before probing the question, I would suggest that new enquiries be made into the feasibility of constructing a harbour tunnel. If workable, this would speed up movement of traffic and would do away with the necessity of the new vehicular ferry project from Marsh Road to Gillies Avenue.\n\n77",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-618-7 Port Adminstation Inquiry Committee- report and minutes of meetings 1-1-1945 - 31-12-1946.txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 599029,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-626-9 Wholesale vegetable marketing scheme 1-2-1951 - 30-11-1951",
        "page_number": 24,
        "title": "CO129-626-9 Wholesale vegetable marketing scheme 1-2-1951 - 30-11-1951",
        "content_text": "L 4A \n\nLOWE, BINGHAM & MATTHEWS, HONG KONG \n\n3. Trading Stocks $3,366.91 \n\nThe existence of this item was supported by signed inventories, the details of which are as follows \n\nCertified by \n\nKowloon Market $ 887.23 \n\nCastle Peak \n\nTai Po \n\nFan Ling \n\n1,167.47 \n\n499.37 \n\n424.53 \n\nChau Nai Shing \n\nLau Koon Hing \n\nO.C. Fert. Dept. \n\nO.C. Depot \n\nWong Shui Luen \n\n15 \n\n11 \n\n密 \n\n11 \n\n#1 \n\nTsun Wan \n\n388.25 Tsang Lum \n\nAccountant \n\n4. \n\n$3,366.91 \n\nFixed and Wasting Assets $21,511.35 \n\nGeneral Stores and Equipment $2,023.98 \n\nFurniture and Fixtures $12,969.07 \n\nAs reported by us on the 20th August, 1948, we understood that a perpetual inventory of these assets was kept by your Storekeeper and that he was unable to verify the existence of all items by a physical check by the end of March, 1948. On the 31st March, 1949, we are informed, an actual physical inventory was made of all items and those not accounted for, together with a depreciation charge of 20% on all General Stores and Equipment and 10% on Furniture and Fixtures verified, were written off to the Income and Expenditure Account. \n\nDetails of the certified inventories are as follows:- \n\nGeneral Stores and Equipment $2,023.98 \n\nKowloon Market \n\n$1,355.18 \n\nCastle Peak \n\nTai Po \n\nFan Ling \n\nTsun Wan \n\nCertified by \n\nLeung Wing \n\nAsst. Manager \n\n380.00 Lau Koon Hing O.C. Depot \n\n168.80 Wong Shui Luen \n\n警察 \n\n64.00 \n\n#1 \n\n11 \n\n#1 #1 \n\n#f \n\n56.00 Tsang Lum \n\nAccountant \n\n$ 2,023.98 \n\n22",
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