[ { "id": 250896, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-080 - Sir Robinson - 1861 [1-3]", "page_number": 457, "title": "CO129-080 - Sir Robinson - 1861 [1-3]", "content_text": "حرینی \n\nI think it cond. be \n\nquite worth white \n\nCh.25. \n\nThey probably tomon but little about howton, but there is \n\nSo harm t \n\nTwyn \n\n35- \n\n(Copy) \n\nTable of the direction and Force of the Wind as observed on board the Peninsula and Oriental Steam Navigation Company's Receiving ship Fort William\" From 1st May to 31st October 1860 (moored in mid channel between Hongkong & Kowloon (sd (s. 9.C.) \n\n \n Date\n May\n Description\n Force of Wind\n General Nature of the Weather.\n \n \n 17\n \n NE\n Light\n Fine\n \n \n 18\n \n ENE\n Moderate\n Fine\n \n \n 19\n In Dercules Robinson\n E\n Light\n Very fine.\n \n \n 20\n The Duke of Newenstle\n \n \n 4 Inclosures. Received.\n \n \n \n Regiont of the Kowloon land\n \n \n Conveying observations on the\n \n \n \n Committer\n \n \n \n \n \n 21\n \n NE\n Moderate\n Fine\n \n \n 22\n \n \n Moderate slight Rain\n Rain & variable\n \n \n 23\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 24\n \n SE\n Light\n Fine\n \n \n 25\n \n Variable\n \n Rain and Thunder\n \n \n 27\n \n S.W.\n Moderate\n \n \n \n 28\n \n S. W.\n \n \n \n \n 29\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 30\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 31\n \n \n \n \n \n \n June\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 1\n \n Variable\n Light\n Fine\n \n \n 2\n \n \n Fresh\n do\n \n\nLee also 4543 \n\nFun. 2 Roger \n\n74576 \n\nFund about a \n\nof 4543 \n\nacchy of thes \n\n4. the War Offic \n\nwith afuence to pacirous \n\nconcrfendures on the \n\nprofored conference. \n\nMuut Cowloon. \n\nAnd a \n\n448 \n\nmy H \n\nTypingy in of 44573 \n\nAdneraller \n\nWhy \n\n1004 \n\nEnfail \n\n-7", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-080 - Sir Robinson - 1861 [1-3].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 263958, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-109 - Public Offices - 1865", "page_number": 232, "title": "CO129-109 - Public Offices - 1865", "content_text": "## 085\n\nI decline following it. I said it was a matter in which I felt much delicacy in giving an opinion, and that I could only repeat it mattered little to me personally what he did. He then stated his objections fully in the third paragraph of the despatch as given me.\n\nSubsequently, in the case of the Opium case above referred to, the Viceroy sent me a sealed Despatch for the Acting Governor of Hong Kong in reply to the one he had received with the man I sent as Interpreter to him. I told him that really I must decline to be the medium of transmitting closed Despatches, and that he had better send it himself direct to Hong Kong, as I had no desire to interfere between him and the Acting Governor. J. E. replied that he was altogether averse to communicating in any way direct with the Hong Kong Authorities with whom, he said, it would be impossible to transact business independently of his Consul, without needlessly coming to a difficulty. In any difference he now had the advantage of personal conference and advice, and the greater portion of the business transacted is that requiring, sooner or later, the judicial action of the Consul, so that he plainly saw the necessity of adhering to the old system. In the present case the Despatch was a complimentary one, but for the future all communications between himself and Hongkong should be through... \n\nPage 230 \n\n...the usual channel. Through...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-109 - Public Offices - 1865.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 271525, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-126 - Sir MacDonnell - 1867 [11-12]", "page_number": 85, "title": "CO129-126 - Sir MacDonnell - 1867 [11-12]", "content_text": "# Containing suggestions \n## 1 \n## 000 \nto the revision of the Treaty of Tientsin \n\n## I \n\nCopies of the Recher have been sent to ...\n\n## 76. \n\nI Am Le \n\nTo His Excellency \nSir Richard Graves MacDonnell, C.B. \n\n**MAY IT PLEASE YOUR EXCELLENCY** \n\nGovernor of Hongkong, &c., &c., &c. \n\nThe chief seat of the business which our firm carries on in China being, and since the first erection of the Colony having been, located in Hongkong, we respectfully solicit Your Excellency's good offices to assist us in bringing before Her Majesty's Government this exposition of our views as to the forthcoming revision of the Treaty of Tientsin. \n\n2. We find our first duty in entering upon this most important subject, to be predication that the Treaty of Tientsin has proved itself an instrument which does great honour to those who originally framed it. Its results show it to have sprung from a sagacious and statesmanlike prevision of the necessities of commerce; and, aside from the discussion of mere details, the fact is borne home to us that in addressing Your Excellency, as we have the honour to do now, our care should be to advocate extension of the views indicated by the Treaty itself, together with liberality, advertence, and consideration towards foreign interests on the part of the functionaries entrusted with its conduct and administration, rather than to suggest any radical alterations in its terms or policy. We shall, in the course of this communication, find it necessary to animadvert upon the arbitrary manner in which certain privileges—notably, that of residence in the interior of China—conferred by Treaty upon British subjects, are construed and withheld by the Queen's Ministers and Representatives; we shall feel ourselves, in the interests of trade and commerce, urgently called upon to recommend certain alterations in practice which our experience leads us to believe are imperatively required; but our main object throughout will be to impress upon Her Majesty's Government our conviction that during the forthcoming revision of the Treaty, their efforts should be directed more to the general development of that instrument's original intentions, than to the further acquisition from the Chinese of minor exemptions and immunities, which would neither advance British national interests, nor be gracefully conceded by the Emperor's advisers. We hold firmly that a defective treaty, rigidly insisted on, is of greater value than one in which no flaw is to be detected, but whose beneficial enactments are nevertheless set aside or ignored, either of design or of neglect. In the one case disappointment is never entailed upon those who may adventure their means upon the faith of the document's provisions; but in the other, hopes are constantly excited only to be defeated, and ruin may speedily accrue from too implicit a reliance upon stipulations unfulfilled. Under the latter category should the Treaty of Tientsin, we believe, be classed. Its conception displayed masterly skill, and it has already bestowed great benefits upon commerce; yet these benefits are but as shadows when compared with those which might have been reaped from it, had the rights which it confers been insisted upon in their integrity. We know well the honourable and prudential motives which have actuated Her Majesty's Government in this matter, and we acknowledge the dignified patience which they have displayed towards China under the trying ordeal upon which she entered in 1860; but forbearance is now costing England more than it brings in, and we anxiously trust that the opportunity afforded by the approaching revision will be used as much to impress upon the Chinese that in the future treaty rights and obligations shall be sternly exacted from them, as to obtain from them additional advantages and privileges. \n\n3. Having promised thus much as to the general scope of our views upon this subject, we should state that our suggestions as to the points to be most prominently borne in mind by British diplomatists at the coming conference, range themselves under four heads; namely, the right of residence up-country, inclusive both of the privilege of navigating, from the ports of entry already established, the Inland waters of China by means of foreign-built craft of a certain small size, and of the suppression of all extra-covenanted taxes and exactions; the better, more equitable, and certain administration of justice between foreigners and Chinese; the rightful application and the possible reduction of Tonnage dues; together with the revision of the Tariff, inclusive of the addition of the commodity, Salt, to its list of Imports, of the rescission of that \"Rule of Trade\" which renders Articles IX and XXVIII of the Treaty inapplicable to Opium, and of extension of the time allowed for claiming Drawback of Duty upon goods re-exported. \n\n4. To commence with the first, and, perhaps, the most important, of all these desiderata—that is to say, the right of residence in the interior of China, with its corollaries as above set forth. It is not, we humbly conceive, to be denied, that by Article XII of the Treaty of Tientsin, the right of residence at \"other places\" than the ports was conceded to British subjects by China, contrary interpretation hitherto on the part of our own Government notwithstanding. We attach the highest importance to this right, which has, nevertheless, been ever since its concession studiously denied to us. England can achieve the reward deserved by the sacrifices which she has made in this Empire; we see in this right the only means whereby the sole method by which Western civilization can be extended; the single channel through which is to be attained that abundant trade upon the confines of which we hover, and which would prove so greatly fraught with benefit to our manufacturing masses, as well as redound so much to the advantage of the Inland population of China. We ask, therefore, that our right of residence up-country be no longer withheld from us, but that British subjects be permitted to settle in the interior, to hire, own, and erect suitable dwellings and places of business, and to navigate the Inland waters of China, from the ports already opened, by means of foreign-built craft, to be registered, or licensed, or obliged to carry sailing-letters, and not to exceed a certain size, whether propelled by steam or otherwise. The first benefit, and one of the utmost importance, which would result from such enlightened and liberal policy, if pursued, would be the abolition at one fell blow of the illegal, because renounced by Treaty, imposts and exactions persistently laid from place to place by local authority upon all foreign manufactures and upon produce destined for foreign use. It is not necessary that we should furnish here details of the nature of these imposts and exactions; the fact of their existence and the shapes they take are as well known to Her Majesty's Government as to ourselves, and their amount in the aggregate far exceeds that of the legitimate Import and Export duties; they are the deadly foes of the English ... \n\n## 84", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-126 - Sir MacDonnell - 1867 [11-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 300639, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-178 - Governor Hennessy - 1877 [6-8]", "page_number": 381, "title": "CO129-178 - Governor Hennessy - 1877 [6-8]", "content_text": "377\n\nConcession\n\nlearnt that before any concession of the kind can be obtained it will be necessary for the Government of this\n\nthe\n\nColony to notify its desire to\n\njoin the Convention through the Diplomatic Channel to the Russian Government, which will then give notice of the fact to all the adhering States. I should add that this has to be done through the Russian Government because the last conference was held in the Capital of that state. It took place at St. Petersburg in July of the year 1875; and was attended by representatives\n\nof the Indian and almost all the\n\nGovernment Telegraph Administrations in Europe and Asia.\n\nFor the purpose of inducing\n\nYour\n\nGovernment to\n\njoin\n\nthe St.\n\nPetersburg Convention, I am instructed\n\nby my Directors to point out to you\n\nthat at present the Government charges an additional rate on all Telegrams passing through India from Countries not adhering to the Convention. As Netherlands India and Cochin China adhere, they pass messages to or from Saigon at a less rate than\n\nthey do those from this Colony, and\n\nwhen we remonstrated, we were told that it was because Hongkong was a non-adherent.\n\nAs\n\nyour\n\nGovernment possesses\n\nNo Telegraph lines to which the International\n\nConvention", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-178 - Governor Hennessy - 1877 [6-8].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 307744, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-191 - Public Offices & Others - 1880", "page_number": 322, "title": "CO129-191 - Public Offices & Others - 1880", "content_text": "MINUTE PAPER.\n\nW1.0 6432 Hang Kung\n\n28 Mar 19.. (illegible) the Channel Leveling of bing Rag.\n\nAfter a week's absence, it happens that a staff of the dips 11874 of the Conference Ingeon at the Sanitary Inspector's office of the Chinese fact of the towns, and Leaving that we have to for (Account Aw...) called upon ...mag... us his ...14) to cats has but is to for persed in to meatie. shivred\n\nThis report seems there the Authorities, as to have paved was purpose, for you 318", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-191 - Public Offices & Others - 1880.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 340462, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-243 - Public Offices & Others - 1889", "page_number": 191, "title": "CO129-243 - Public Offices & Others - 1889", "content_text": "## \nin which the Lt Governor states that so far as the Two Colonies of the Straits & Singapore are concerned The Channel of the Exchange between them & the Government of India is through the Government of Bengal. \n\nIn War a \n\nThe Secretary of State for the Colonies confirms armour... \n\nLaird seafood in \n\nat an understanding upon the amounts \n\nof contribution to be raised in the next three or four years. \n\nConcurs \n\nThis \n\nAgrees with Lord Lytton's recollection \n\nof what passed at the Conference. \n\nHe is therefore prepared to \n\nagree \n\nby \n\nthat the Grant from the Colony of \n\n£40,000 a \n\na year should be demanded \n\ncommencing from the 1st Jan? 1859 Premature \n\nfor less than the five years, \n\nby the Committee & \n\naccepted by \n\nthe Conference on the 3rd of June. \n\n3. As \n\nregards \n\nthe Barracks his Lordship is inquiring from the War Office \n\nwhether a definite Estimate \n\nSubject \n\nto the cost \n\nof July 1888 or 1889 has been prepared. The \n\nCommittee made this \n\nby Barlow's \n\nfurther Comment in their letter \n\nThis passage is found: \n\na \n\nchange. If \n\n25 April 1863 from Mr. Elliott referring \n\nto \n\nthe Reports of the Select Committee of 1861 \n\non Colonial Military Expenditure and Annex thereto instituted \"To inquire \n\n& report whether \n\n* Alterations \n\nMay \n\nbe advantageously \n\n* Adopted in regard to the Defence of this British Dependency & the proportions \n\nof Cost of such \n\nas have \n\nhitherto been \"defrayed from Imperial Colonial Funds respectively\". It does not appear what the Committee, as stated in the 3rd Paragraph of their letter, was directed \"to inquire whether the \n\ngreat resulting or important Colonial \n\nmight not with due regard to Justice & to its own interests, defray \n\na larger proportion of the costs of their \n\nown Military defence than up \n\nto this date they have been called upon to do\". This department in England, summarising the \n\nNotion of the Engineer \n\nMI... = time have been laid to their charge.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-243 - Public Offices & Others - 1889.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 386654, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-314 - Public Offices - 1902", "page_number": 109, "title": "CO129-314 - Public Offices - 1902", "content_text": "**Confidential** \n\nM 1558 \n\nNo. 7 Carteret Street, \nWestminster, S.W. \n108 \n1st December 1902. \n\n**CROWN AGENTS** \n**RECEIVED** \n-3 DEC 1902 \nFOR THE COLONIES, \nRE APPOINTMENT OF \nASSISTANT DIRECTOR OF PUBLIC WORKS, \nHONG KONG. \n\n-----00000-- \n\nTo the Crown Agents for the Colonies, \nDowning Street, S.W. \nGentlemen, \n\n(1) In reply to your letter of 14th November 1902, I have the honour to report as follows. \n\n(2) It appears that Mr. E.G. Baxter was recommended by Mr. Hawkshaw, M. Inst. C.E., for the appointment of Assistant Engineer P.W.D. Demerara. I have had an interview with Mr. Hawkshaw, from which it appears that he had no previous acquaintance with Mr. Baxter, but that he made his recommendation on the basis of testimonials and enquiry in the usual manner.\n\n(3) After a conference with Mr. Hawkshaw, I have arrived at the following opinion. Mr. Baxter, though he has no doubt full qualifications for the post of an Assistant Engineer, or even of an Executive Engineer, has not ever had any opportunity of showing himself fit for the more responsible post of Assistant Director of Public Works, Hong Kong. \n\n(4) The Assistant Director of Public Works is, as I understand, the immediate personal representative and assistant of the Director. He is in daily communication with his chief, discusses matters with him, and is the channel of communication.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-314 - Public Offices - 1902.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 429667, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910", "page_number": 404, "title": "CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910", "content_text": "# 18\n\nEffect on the Navigation of the River.\n\n96. In order to ascertain as far as practicable the general opinion of those principally concerned in the improvement of the Wangpoo, Messrs. Wilson and Matthews, when at Shanghai, interviewed several gentlemen interested in the shipping and general trade of the river, who courteously afforded them valuable information.\n\n97. Amongst these gentlemen were Mr. Merrill, Commissioner of Customs, and one of the members of the Wangpoo Conservancy Board; Mr. Landale, chairman of the Shanghai Municipal Council, and local manager of Messrs. Jardine, Matheson, and Co.; Mr. Marshall, agent of the P. and O. Company and chairman of the Shipping Conference; Mr. Wright, deputy chairman of the Chamber of Commerce, of Messrs. Butterfield and Swire; M. Michelau, of Messrs. Melchors, agents for the North German Lloyd and Hamburg-America Shipping Companies; M. de Thuy, agent for the Messageries maritimes; and Captain Schellhoss, technical attaché to the German consulates in China.\n\n98. In addition to the gentlemen above named, Messrs. Wilson and Matthews had several interviews with Captain Carlson, the harbour-master, who at all times readily furnished such information as was desired from him, also ship-masters and pilots of the P. and O., Norddeutscher Lloyd, Messageries maritimes, Ocean Steamship, and other companies. It is gratifying that the agents and pilots of the Norddeutscher Lloyd and Messageries maritimes companies were good enough to furnish such information on the spot, seeing that, as already remarked in paragraph 3 we have unfortunately not been successful in meeting the representatives of these companies in London.\n\n99. Although it is not necessary to follow in detail the opinions expressed by these gentlemen, we may state that, with regard to the broad question at issue, they were practically unanimous in the opinion that the Astrea Channel is greatly superior for navigation purposes to the old Ship Channel, both on account of its straighter course and its greater width of dead water. They also earnestly hoped that the works in progress would be fully completed. Whilst putting forward the foregoing views and opinions, we should also remark that M. de Rijke's scheme has on other grounds been the subject of much adverse criticism, to which reference will be made hereafter in section XI.\n\nX. THE COST OF THE UNDERTAKING.\n\nWork Fund.\n\n100. As already described (paragraph 25) the cost of the whole of the works had, by the convention of 1905, to be borne by the Chinese Government, the amount being estimated at twenty annual instalments of 460,000 Haikwan taels, or a total of 9,200,000 Haikwan taels. This sum may therefore be taken here as the work fund.\n\n101. In order to prosecute vigorously the two main portions of the undertaking, viz., the Woosung Jetty Works and the opening of the Junk Channel, it became necessary at the commencement of the undertaking to arrange for a fund of 4,500,000 Haikwan taels for immediate contracts.\n\n102. There was, however, as already pointed out, a reservation in the convention that if a greater sum of 460,000 Haikwan taels was required in any one year, China might obtain a loan for the same, interests being defrayed out of the capital sum of 9,200,000 Haikwan taels. The result thus came about that a loan was obtained for 2,998,235 Haikwan taels, being fixed as representing the total interest to be paid on the same. The effective sum forming the work fund was thus reduced to 6,201,764 Haikwan taels. This last-named amount has, however, since been augmented by the addition of 300,000 Shanghai taels, specially granted last year. This total work fund, therefore, stands as follows:-\n\nOriginal capital sum9,200,000\nLess interest on loan2,998,235\nTotal net sum6,201,764\nSpecial grant300,000\nTotal net work fund7,208,765\n\n19\n\nContract Work.\n\n103. Contract No. 1, for the construction of the Woosung jetty and contingent works, amounted to 1,997,798 Shanghai taels, to which must be added a sum of 23,326 Shanghai taels for extra work, making a total of 2,028,124 Shanghai taels. Contract No. 2, for dredging in the Junk Channel, amounted to 2,000,000 Shanghai taels, to which must be added 7,614 Shanghai taels for extra work, making a total of 2,007,014 Shanghai taels. Contract No. 3, for further dredging in Astræa Channel, amounted to 264,000 Shanghai taels. These three contracts therefore necessitated a total expenditure of 4,292,738 Shanghai taels.\n\n\"Own Administration\" Work.\n\n104. The sum expended on \"own administration\" work (i.e., work carried out departmentally by the board under M. de Rijke) amounted at the 31st December, 1909, to 2,132,833 Shanghai taels.\n\nTotal Expenditure on Works.\n\n105. It will be seen from the foregoing that at the end of last year, including both “contract\" and \"own administration\" works, a total sum of 6,425,571 Shanghai taels has been expended, leaving an available balance of only 783,194 Shanghai taels out of the total net \"work fund\" of 7,208,765 Shanghai taels referred to in paragraph 102.\n\n106. Our information regarding the financial aspect of the works was obtained through Mr. A. G. H. Carruthers, secretary to the Whangpoo Conservancy.\n\nXI-CRITICISMS OF THE WORKS WHICH HAVE BEEN CARRIED OUT.\n\n107. Whilst at Shanghai Messrs. Wilson and Matthews obtained, as far as it was practicable to do so, particulars of the grounds on which the criticisms of M. de Rijke's scheme and the operations in connection therewith were based, and in many cases had the advantage of bearing the objections directly from their originators.\n\n108. They were fortunate in having several interviews with M. Michelau, whose firm, as already mentioned, are agents for the North German Lloyd and Hamburg-America Shipping Companies, and also with Captain Schellhoss. These gentlemen courteously received them, and afforded the fullest information as to the objections raised by the German community and the reasons for the same.\n\n109. In the first place, M. de Rijke was severely criticised for having commenced the works in 1907 on lines practically corresponding with those which he had laid down in 1895, notwithstanding that in the meantime great alterations had taken place in the river; this in particular reference to the selection of Junk Channel for improvement rather than Ship Channel.\n\nMemorandum of the \"Deutsche Vereinigung.\"\n\n110. In November 1907, some months after the present works were commenced, we understand, a copy of a memorandum, addressed to the German Imperial consul-general and supported by the German Association (\"Deutsche Vereinigung\") of Shanghai, was forwarded by that association to the chairman of the Shanghai Chamber of Commerce, with a letter dated the 5th November, 1907.\n\n111. The memorandum supported the contention that Ship Channel should be adhered to as the permanent navigation route, and stated that, although at the date of M. de Rijke's report of 1898 the Ship Channel was shoaling, in 1907, when the works were about to be commenced, the same channel was again deepening and the Junk Channel shoaling.\n\n112. In support of the latter statement the memorandum quotes the following from M. de Rijke's quarterly report, dated the 26th January, 1907:\n\n\"The depth of water in the river generally has greatly increased, owing to the heavy rain washing out the channel (Ship Channel), and consequently defence work has proved more difficult. Gough Island Reach, where some of the largest works have to be made, has grown much deeper, and the shoaling of Ship Channel will be much more expensive than at first estimated.\"\n\nPage 403", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 435811, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-385 - Public Offices - 1911", "page_number": 21, "title": "CO129-385 - Public Offices - 1911", "content_text": "[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]\n\nOPTUM.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\n[36695]\n\nNo. 1.\n\n-20\n\n[September 19.]\n\nSECTION\n\n2749\n\nof 9 OCT 1\n\nMr. Bryce to Sir Edward Grey.-(Received September 19.) (No. 231. Confidential.) Sir,\n\nSealharbour, Maine, September 8, 1911.\n\nHAVE the honour to report that on the 6th instant Dr. Hamilton Wright, one of the American representatives to the proposed opium conference at The Hague, called on me here with a letter from the Acting Secretary of State (copy of which enclose herein), having travelled to this place in order to see me.\n\nThe object of Dr. Wright's visit was to ask me to telegraph to you suggesting that it would be desirable for His Majesty's Government to intimate officially, as soon as possible, to the Netherlands Government their willingness to send representatives at an early and definite date to the proposed International Opium Congress.\n\nI enquired what were the special reasons for which the United States Government desired that this expression of their wish should be conveyed through me instead of through the American Ambassador in London, who had been in charge of the negotiations throughout. Mr. Wright informed me that instructions had been sent in this sense to Mr. Reid, who reported that he had been unable to communicate them personally to you owing to your absence from London, to which I naturally replied that the matter could have been presented to, and dealt with by, the Under-Secretary of State in charge.\n\nAfter some further conversation Mr. Wright practically admitted that it was thought that the matter might be advanced by being also treated through another channel, and that in the interests of humanity at large, and from the desire of the United States Government to accelerate progress with the matter, it was their belief that additional representations, transmitted through this embassy, would have further weight, and convey more fully their anxiety to see something done. He was rather vague in his way of putting this, but one could see what he meant. He observed that he understood that His Majesty's Government might feel that the United States Government were unduly pressing the matter, but at the same time he was desirous that, without incurring the suspicion that they had any ulterior motive in this, it should be known that the Department of State were becoming anxious to put the matter through. They had latterly left it to the Dutch Government, but the slow action of the latter was now obliging them to take it up themselves. He eventually showed me a confidential report from Mr. Beaupré, United States Minister at The Hague, in which the latter stated his own personal suspicions, based, it would seem, on conversations with persons in the Dutch Foreign Office, that His Majesty's Government were, for some reason or other, by no means eager that the conference should meet in the near future. Mr. Wright went on to say that he personally did not think Mr. Beaupré's views entitled to much weight, and that both he and the Department of State entirely disclaimed any such suspicions, and were convinced that His Majesty's Government were altogether sincere in the wish they had expressed for the meeting and success of the conference. Proof of this had been given by their action in India. I replied that it was the fact, and the correspondence communicated to me by you showed it. His Majesty's Government were equally desirous with the United States Government that the conference should meet as soon as it properly could, and that their only anxiety was that the representatives of the different Powers interested should be in full possession of the necessary facts and figures, not only respecting opium, but as regards morphine and cocaine also, before the meeting, in order that their deliberations might cover all the subjects involved, and might handle them so effectively as to avoid the necessity of calling a further conference at a later date, when interest in the matter might possibly have begun to evaporate.\n\nMr. Wright then informed me confidentially that it was in his view not inconceivable that the delay in the matter came from the Netherlands Government, who perhaps attempted to conceal their own lack of zeal by attributing such lack to His Majesty's Government. The Dutch, he remarked, were the nation who would incur the greatest loss by the total suppression of the traffic in opium, which was largely grown in Java; and he further alleged, without, however, dwelling on the suggestion, that reasons of economy\n\n[2182 t-1]", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-385 - Public Offices - 1911.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 440383, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-395 - Public Offices - 1912", "page_number": 276, "title": "CO129-395 - Public Offices - 1912", "content_text": "4 \n\nbe subsequently explained) this difficulty was met in another way by providing that, before the convention drawn up by the conference is ratified, the non-participating Powers of Europe and America should be invited to give their signatures to it, and thus place themselves on the same footing as the original signatory Powers.\n\n16 \n\n12. Definitions of the terms raw, prepared,\" and \"medicinal\" opium, which had been submitted by the Programme Committee, after a report by the Technical Committee, were then accepted. These definitions were those which now find place at the head of chapters 1, 2, and 3 of the convention; but there was a further paragraph in the definition of raw opium which extended its application to what is known commercially as powdered and granulated opium. This latter paragraph, as submitted by the Programme Committee, departed from the terms drawn up by the Technical Committee, and, inasmuch as in this altered form it appeared to include under \"raw opium\" what were in effect medicinal or officinal substances, this paragraph was subsequently struck out, leaving the definition of raw opium as it now stands. The result is that, as indicated in our telegram to you of the 8th January, 1912, powdered or granulated opium would only be \"raw opium\" if it did not fall under one of the other definitions, i.e., in so far as it was merely the raw product of the poppy simply powdered or granulated. To render this point quite clear, and in accordance with instructions received from you, we made a specific declaration to this effect (which is reproduced in our despatch No. 13 of the 20th January) at the twenty-first session (17th January). After some discussion it was then decided to ask the Technical Committee to report whether any further alteration of the definition of raw opium was desirable. The committee held that the declaration made on behalf of the British delegation might be deemed sufficient, or else that some maximum percentage of morphine would have to be introduced; the former alternative was endorsed by the conference as a whole at the twenty-third session.\n\nIt may be added that, apart from this particular point, the definitions as they now stand follow the broad lines between opium eaten and opium smoked, which have always been adopted in India. Opium which is eaten is \"raw\" opium, while smoking preparations are \"prepared\" opium.\n\n13. At the third session approval was also given to the heads of discussion which the Programme Committee had thought suitable in respect to raw and prepared opium; and a resolution that the participating Governments ought to enact effective laws and regulations for the control of the production and distribution of raw opium was proposed by the British delegation.\n\n14. At the fourth session (8th December) the consideration of this resolution was continued, and included some discussion on the information which had been communicated by Sir William Meyer in the first of his reports above mentioned (Appendix I), including the statement on behalf of the Indian Government that their restrictions on the consumption of raw opium could not be pushed to the extent of forbidding its use save for strictly medical purposes.\n\nFinally the resolution was carried unanimously, and forms the basis of article 1 of the present convention, the concluding proviso, \"à moins que des lois ou des règlements existants n'aient déjà réglé la matière,\" having been added here as in some other articles.\n\n15. The British delegation then presented a resolution to the effect that each participating Government should strictly limit the number of places through which raw opium may be exported or imported. The German delegation opposed this proposal on the ground that while it might be suitable for countries with a limited number of seaports, and where opium was received or sent out in bulk, it could not be applied to Germany, with its extended land frontiers and its network of railways, where, moreover, opium was often sent in small quantities in the same package with other chemicals. On a division the resolution was carried, the only actively opposing vote being that of Germany. We felt, however, that, in view of the difficulties we should probably have with the Germans when we came to the discussion of morphia and cocaine, it would be inadvisable to place them in an attitude of open opposition to us at the outset of the conference, and we accordingly entered into private negotiations with the German delegation as to an amendment of the resolution which it might propose and the conference accept. We came to a satisfactory agreement on this point, and were consequently able, at the fifth session (11th December) to accept the German amendment, which made the resolution run thus: \"That every Government participating in the conference shall limit, as far as is consistent with its own trade conditions, the number of places through which the exportation or importation of raw opium shall be allowed.\"\n\nThe resolution as thus amended was carried unanimously, and forms the basis of article 2 of the convention.\n\n5 \n\n273 \n\n16. At this (fifth) session the British delegation moved a resolution to the effect that the participating Governments should adopt measures—\n\n(1.) To prevent the export of raw opium to countries that had prohibited its entry; and\n\n(2.) Similarly to control the export of raw opium to countries which restricted its import.\n\nThe Portuguese delegation proposed the insertion of the words \"by special agreement or otherwise\" after the words \"adopt measures,\" appealing to the precedent afforded by the negotiations between Great Britain and China on the subject of Indian opium. Their object was throughout to prevent material loss to the trade of their colony, Macao. The Chinese delegation demurred to this amendment on the ground that the circumstances in regard to Indian opium were special, and that there was no reason why a similar procedure should be followed with reference to other Powers whose territories did not produce opium on a large scale.\n\nAs Mr. Max Müller pointed out in the course of the debate, the real point at issue was the observance by Portugal, along with the other treaty Powers, of the Anglo-Chinese agreement of the 8th May, 1911, for in that case the Portuguese could only deal with Indian opium \"certificated\" for export to China, and from the Chinese point of view it did not matter through what precise channel such opium came into China. We, therefore, accepted the Portuguese amendment, which we considered to be also of practical utility as making it clear that China could not use the article arising from the resolution in question as a pretext for denunciation of existing treaties. Thus amended, the resolution was carried, though China, the United States, and Persia reserved their votes.\n\nThe Chinese suspected throughout, and we think with ample grounds, that the Portuguese desired to use Macao as a dumping ground for contraband opium, and to maintain smoking establishments there.\n\n17. Later (at the twenty-first and twenty-second sessions), on the second reading of article 3 of the convention, which reproduced the terms of the resolution, the Chinese moved the omission of the words \"by special agreement or otherwise\" (par convention spéciale ou autrement), and in view of the emphatic declaration they then made that, so amended, the article would not be used to affect existing treaties, we supported their amendment, which was carried, with a dissent by Portugal, subsequently withdrawn at the twenty-fourth session.\n\n18. The Persian delegate, however, moved (also at the twenty-second session) to re-insert these words in clause (a) of article 3 (they had previously appeared in the preamble), but the proposal was rejected, the Portuguese delegation being the only one to support it, and in signing the convention the Persian delegate made a reservation in regard to this clause.\n\nHe suggested at the twenty-fourth session that this reservation might be avoided if, after the word \"empêcher\" in clause (a) of article 3, the conference would insert the words \"aussitôt que possible\"; but an amendment he brought forward to this effect was defeated.\n\n19. To revert to the fifth session, the Netherlands delegation then proposed the enactment of a special convention which would have made wholesale dealings in opium a Government monopoly in the countries taking part in the conference, producing countries exporting only to the Governments of the States which adhered to this convention. The object was, as M. Cremer explained, to afford an additional check against contraband trade. This project, the text of which, with an explanatory memorandum, will be found in the minutes of the eighth session, was criticised by the German delegation as going beyond the limits of the original programme for the conference as set forth by the United States Government, and later on (at the eighth session) it was withdrawn on the ground that the State monopoly system advocated would not find general favour.\n\n20. The British delegation then proposed a resolution to the effect that each participating Government should notify all consignments of raw opium to such other participating Governments as might desire the information, but after some criticism this was withdrawn as impossible of general application.\n\n21. The next resolution we moved was that every package containing raw opium intended for export should be so marked as to indicate its contents, and this was accepted with a German amendment that it should only apply to packages exceeding 5 kilogrammes in weight, the Germans explaining that they could not so deal with smaller packages.\n\n[373]\n\nC\n\nuly", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-395 - Public Offices - 1912.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 440410, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-395 - Public Offices - 1912", "page_number": 333, "title": "CO129-395 - Public Offices - 1912", "content_text": "5\n\n329\n\n4\n\nbe subsequently explained) this difficulty was met in another way by providing that, before the convention drawn up by the conference is ratified, the non-participating Powers of Europe and America should be invited to give their signatures to it, and thus place themselves on the same footing\n\n12. Definitions of the terms \"raw,\"\n\nas the original signatory Powers. had been submitted by the Programme Committee, after a report by the Technical Committee, were then accepted. These definitions were those which now find place at the head of chapters 1, 2, and 3 of the convention; but there was a further paragraph in the definition of raw opium which extended its application to what is known commercially as powdered and granulated opium. This latter paragraph, as submitted by the Programme Committee, departed from the terms drawn up by the Technical Committee, and, inasmuch as in this altered form it appeared to include under “raw opium\" what were in effect medicinal or officinal substances, this paragraph was subsequently struck out, leaving the definition of raw opium as it now stands. The result is that, as indicated in our telegram to you of the 8th January, 1912, powdered or granulated opium would only be \"raw opium\" if it did not fall under one of the other definitions, i.e., in so far as it was merely the raw product of the poppy simply powdered or granulated. To render this point quite clear, and in accordance with instructions received from you, we made a specific declaration to this effect (which is reproduced in our despatch No. 13 of the 20th January) at the twenty-first session (17th January). After some discussion it was then decided to ask the Technical Committee to report whether any further alteration of the definition of raw opium was desirable. The committee held that the declaration made on behalf of the British delegation might be deemed sufficient, or else that some maximum percentage of morphine would have to be introduced; the former alternative was endorsed by the conference as a whole at the twenty-third session.\n\nThe\n\nIt may be added that, apart from this particular point, the definitions as they now stand follow the broad lines between opium eaten and opium smoked, which has always been adopted in India. Opium which is eaten is \"raw\" opium, while smoking preparations are \"prepared\" opium.\n\n13. At the third session approval was also given to the heads of discussion which the Programme Committee had thought suitable in respect to raw and prepared opium; and a resolution that the participating Governments ought to enact effective laws and regulations for the control of the production and distribution of raw opium was proposed by the British delegation.\n\n14. At the fourth session (8th December) the consideration of this resolution was continued, and included some discussion on the information which had been communicated by Sir William Meyer in the first of his reports above mentioned (Appendix I), including the statement on behalf of the Indian Government that their restrictions on the consumption of raw opium could not be pushed to the extent of forbidding its use save for strictly medical purposes.\n\nFinally the resolution was carried unanimously, and forms the basis of article I of the present convention, the concluding proviso, à moins que des lois ou des règlements existants n'aient déjà réglé la matière, having been added here as in some other articles.\n\n15. The British delegation then presented a resolution to the effect that each participating Government should strictly limit the number of places through which raw opium may be exported or imported. The German delegation opposed this proposal on the ground that while it might be suitable for countries with a limited number of seaports, and where opium was received or sent out in bulk, it could not be applied to Germany, with its extended land frontiers and its network of railways, where, moreover, opium was often sent in small quantities in the same package with other chemicals. On a division the resolution was carried, the only actively opposing vote being that of Germany. We felt, however, that, in view of the difficulties we should probably have with the Germans when we came to the discussion of morphine and cocaine, it would be inadvisable to place them in an attitude of open opposition to us at the outset of the conference, and we accordingly entered into private negotiations with the German delegation as to an amendment of the resolution which it might propose and the conference accept. We came to a satisfactory agreement on this point, and were consequently able, at the fifth session (11th December) to accept the German amendment, which made the resolution run thus: \"That every Government participating in the conference shall limit, as far as is consistent with its own trade conditions, the number of places through which the exportation or importation of raw opium shall be allowed.\" The resolution as thus amended was carried unanimously, and forms the basis of article 2 of the convention.\n\n16. At this (fifth) session the British delegation moved a resolution to the effect that the participating Governments should adopt measures—\n\n(1.) To prevent the export of raw opium to countries that had prohibited its entry; and\n\n(2.) Similarly to control the export of raw opium to countries which restricted its import.\n\nThe Portuguese delegation proposed the insertion of the words \"by special agreement or otherwise\" after the words \"adopt measures,\" appealing to the precedent afforded by the negotiations between Great Britain and China on the subject of Indian opium. Their object was throughout to prevent material loss to the trade of their colony, Macao. The Chinese delegation demurred to this amendment on the ground that the circumstances in regard to Indian opium were special, and that there was no reason why a similar procedure should be followed with reference to other Powers whose territories did not produce opium on a large scale.\n\nAs Mr. Max Müller pointed out in the course of the debate, the real point at issue was the observance by Portugal, along with the other treaty Powers, of the Anglo-Chinese agreement of the 8th May, 1911, for in that case the Portuguese could only deal with Indian opium \"certificated\" for export to China, and from the Chinese point of view it did not matter through what precise channel such opium came into China. We, therefore, accepted the Portuguese amendment, which we considered to be also of practical utility as making it clear that China could not use the article arising from the resolution in question as a pretext for denunciation of existing treaties. Thus amended, the resolution was carried, though China, the United States, and Persia reserved their votes.\n\nThe Chinese suspected throughout, and we think with ample grounds, that the Portuguese desired to use Macao as a dumping ground for contraband opium, and to maintain smoking establishments there.\n\n17. Later (at the twenty-first and twenty-second sessions), on the second reading of article 8 of the convention, which reproduced the terms of the resolution, the Chinese moved the omission of the words \"by special agreement or otherwise\" (par convention spéciale ou autrement), and in view of the emphatic declaration they then made that, so amended, the article would not be used to affect existing treaties, we supported their amendment, which was carried, with a dissent by Portugal, subsequently withdrawn at the twenty-fourth session.\n\n18. The Persian delegate, however, moved (also at the twenty-second session) to re-insert these words in clause (a) of article 3 (they had previously appeared in the preamble), but the proposal was rejected, the Portuguese delegation being the only one to support it, and in signing the convention the Persian delegate made a reservation in regard to this clause.\n\nHe suggested at the twenty-fourth session that this reservation might be avoided if, after the word empêcher in clause (a) of article 3, the conference would insert the words aussitôt que possible; but an amendment he brought forward to this effect was defeated.\n\n19. To revert to the fifth session, the Netherlands delegation then proposed the enactment of a special convention which would have made wholesale dealings in opium a Government monopoly in the countries taking part in the conference, producing countries exporting only to the Governments of the States which adhered to this convention. The object was, as M. Cremer explained, to afford an additional check against contraband trade. This project, the text of which, with an explanatory memorandum, will be found in the minutes of the eighth session, was criticised by the German delegation as going beyond the limits of the original programme for the conference as set forth by the United States Government, and later on (at the eighth session) it was withdrawn on the ground that the State monopoly system advocated would not find general favour.\n\n20. The British delegation then proposed a resolution to the effect that each participating Government should notify all consignments of raw opium to such other participating Governments as might desire the information, but after some criticism this was withdrawn as impossible of general application.\n\n21. The next resolution we moved was that every package containing raw opium intended for export should be so marked as to indicate its contents, and this was accepted with a German amendment that it should only apply to packages exceeding 5 kilos in weight, the Germans explaining that they could not so deal with smaller", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-395 - Public Offices - 1912.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 440925, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-396 - Public Offices - 1912", "page_number": 261, "title": "CO129-396 - Public Offices - 1912", "content_text": "## THE OPIUM EVIL.\n\n258\n\n## PERSIA.\n\nMirza Mahmoud Khan, secretary of the Persian legation at The Hague, delegate plenipotentiary.\n\n## PORTUGAL.\n\nHis Excellency Mr. Antonio Maria Bartholomeu Ferreira, envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary at The Hague, delegate plenipotentiary.\nMr. Oscar George Potier, consul general of the first class, delegate of the ministry for foreign affairs, delegate.\nMr. A. Sanches de Miranda, captain of artillery, former governor of the colonies, delegate of the ministry for the colonies, delegate.\n\n## RUSSIA.\nHis Excellency Mr. Alexandre Savinsky, minister of ceremonies, present counselor of state, envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary at Stockholm, delegate plenipotentiary.\nMr. Chapiroff, honorary physician of the court of His Majesty the Emperor, medical inspector of the Corps of Frontier Guards, delegate.\n\n## SIAM.\nHis Excellency Phya Akharaj Varadhara, envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary at London, The Hague, and Brussels, delegate plenipotentiary.\nMr. William J. Archer, C. M. G., counselor of legation, delegate plenipotentiary.\n\nIn a series of meetings held from the 1st of December, 1911, to the 23d of January, 1912, the conference determined upon the text of convention hereto annexed:\n\nThe conference has further expressed the following wishes:\n\nI. The conference is of the opinion that there is reason to draw the attention of the Universal Postal Union:\n(1) To the urgency of regulating the transmission by post of raw opium.\n(2) To the necessity of regulating, so far as possible, the transmission by post of morphine and cocaine and their respective salts, and of the other substances contemplated by article 14 of the convention.\n(3) To the necessity of prohibiting the transmission of prepared opium by the post.\n\nII. The conference is of the opinion that it is advisable to study the question of Indian hemp from the statistical and scientific standpoint, with a view to regulating its misuse, should the necessity therefor make itself felt, by domestic legislation or by an international agreement.\n\nIn testimony whereof the plenipotentiaries have affixed their signatures to the present protocol.\n\nDone at The Hague the 23d day of January, 1912, in a single copy, which shall remain deposited in the archives of the Government of the Netherlands, and copies of which, certified and conforming thereto, shall be delivered through the diplomatic channel to all the powers represented at the conference.\n\nFor Germany:\nF. DE MÜLLER. DELBRÜCK. GRUNENWALD.\n\nFor the United States of America:\nCHARLES H. BRENT. HAMILTON WRIGHT. HENRY J. FINGER.\n\nFor China:\nLIANG CHENG.\n\nFor France:\nH. BRENIER.\n\nFor Great Britain:\nW. S. MEYER. W. G. MAX MÜLLER. WILLIAM JOB COLLINS.\n\nFor Italy:\nG. DE LA TOUR CALVELLO.\n\nFor Japan:\nAIMARO SATO. TOMOE TAKAGI, KOTARO NISHIZAKI,\n\nFor the Netherlands:\nJ. T. CREMER. C. TH. VAN DEVENTER. A. A. DE JONGH, J. G. SCHEURER.\n\nFor Persia:\nMIRZA MAHMOUD KHAN.\n\nFor Portugal:\nANTONIO MARIA BARTHOLOMEU FERREIRA.\n\nFor Russia:\nA. SAVINSKY,\n\nFor Siam:\nWM. J. ARCHER.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-396 - Public Offices - 1912.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 440930, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-396 - Public Offices - 1912", "page_number": 266, "title": "CO129-396 - Public Offices - 1912", "content_text": "# 263 \n\n4 \n\n13. At the third session, approval was also given to the heads of discussion which the Programme Committee had thought suitable in respect to raw and prepared opium; and a resolution that the participating Governments ought to enact effective laws and regulations for the control of the production and distribution of raw opium was proposed by the British delegation.\n\n14. At the fourth session (8th December), the consideration of this resolution was continued, and included some discussion on the information contained in the first of the reports above mentioned (Appendix). Finally, the resolution was carried unanimously, and forms the basis of article 1 of the present convention, the concluding proviso, à moins des lois ou des règlements existants n'aient déjà réglé la matière, having been added here as in some other articles.\n\n15. The British delegation then presented a resolution to the effect that each participating Government should strictly limit the number of places through which raw opium may be exported or imported. The German delegation opposed this proposal on the ground that while it might be suitable for countries with a limited number of seaports, and where opium was received or sent out in bulk, it could not be applied to Germany, with its extended land frontiers and its network of railways, where, moreover, opium was often sent in small quantities in the same package with other chemicals. At the fifth session (11th December), therefore, they proposed an amendment, which made the resolution run thus: \"That every Government participating in the conference shall limit, as far as is consistent with its own trade conditions, the number of places through which the exportation or importation of raw opium shall be allowed.\" The resolution as thus amended was carried unanimously, and forms the basis of article 2 of the convention.\n\n16. At this (fifth) session, the British delegation moved a resolution to the effect that the participating Governments should adopt measures:\n- (1.) To prevent the export of raw opium to countries that had prohibited its entry; and\n- (2.) Similarly to control the export of raw opium to countries which restricted its import.\n\nThe Portuguese delegation proposed the insertion of the words \"by special agreement or otherwise\" after the words \"adopt measures,\" appealing to the precedent afforded by the negotiations between Great Britain and China on the subject of Indian opium. The Chinese delegation demurred to this amendment on the ground that the circumstances in regard to Indian opium were special, and that there was no reason why a similar procedure should be followed with reference to other Powers—whose territories did not produce opium on a large scale.\n\nAs we pointed out in the course of the debate, the real point at issue was the observance by Portugal, along with the other treaty Powers, of the Anglo-Chinese agreement of the 8th May, 1911, for in that case the Portuguese could only deal with Indian opium \"certificated\" for export to China, and from the Chinese point of view, it did not matter through what precise channel such opium came into China. We, therefore, accepted the Portuguese amendment, and thus amended, the resolution was carried, though China, the United States, and Persia reserved their votes.\n\n17. Later (at the twenty-first and twenty-second sessions), on the second reading of article 3 of the convention, which reproduced the terms of the resolution, the Chinese moved the omission of the words \"by special agreement or otherwise\" (par convention spéciale ou autrement), and in view of the emphatic declaration they then made that, so amended, the article would not be used to affect existing treaties, we supported their amendment, which was carried, with a dissent by Portugal, subsequently withdrawn at the twenty-fourth session.\n\n18. To revert to the fifth session, the British delegation next proposed a resolution to the effect that each participating Government should notify all consignments of raw opium to such other participating Governments as might desire the information, but after some criticism, this was withdrawn as impossible of general application.\n\n19. The next resolution we moved was that every package containing raw opium intended for export should be so marked as to indicate its contents, and this was accepted with a German amendment that it should only apply to packages exceeding 5 kilog. in weight, the Germans explaining that they could not deal with smaller packages, the bulk of whose contents often consisted of other matters besides opium. The resolution as finally passed forms the basis of article 4 of the convention.\n\n20. The British delegation then proposed a resolution that each participating Government should prohibit the export and import of raw opium save through the agency of specially authorised persons, and this was passed with an amendment duly suggested by the German delegation substituting the word \"duly\" for \"specially.\" The resolution as thus amended forms the basis of article 5 of the convention.\n\n21. The last resolution we proposed on this subject was that measures should be taken by the Universal Postal Union for regulating the transmission of raw opium through the post. This was carried, but does not find place in the articles of the convention, on the ground that the conference had no power to bind the Postal Union. It figures, therefore, as an expression of opinion (vœu) in clause (1) of the final protocol.\n\n22. The report of the Programme Committee on the matters to be discussed under the head of medicinal opium, morphine, and cocaine, &c., was then approved, and some discussion took place in regard to the fourth section of their proposed agenda, which simply specified anti-opium remedies without mentioning points which might be discussed thereunder. The action subsequently taken in regard to this matter will be found stated in paragraph 47, and was in accord with a suggestion made by us at this stage.\n\n23. At the sixth session (the 12th December), the conference took up the subject of prepared opium, and the Netherlands delegation moved a resolution that the participating Powers should prohibit, as a general rule, the importation and exportation of this species of opium, subject to a proviso that, in certain circumstances, it might be allowed on board ship for the personal use of the crew during the voyage. On discussion, this proviso was withdrawn, and the original resolution was passed with one negative vote in the following form: Les Gouvernements participants à la conférence s'engagent à prohiber l'importation et l'exportation d'opium préparé. The resolution forms the basis of the first part of article 7 of the convention.\n\n24. The American delegation then brought forward a series of further resolutions on the subject of prepared opium. Dr. Hamilton Wright had previously declared that these would not be put if the main part of the Dutch resolution above referred to was passed unanimously; but as one vote had been given against it, he held himself at liberty to proceed with his resolutions. The first of these was to the effect that such of the participating Powers as had not already prohibited the exportation of prepared opium should do so, or else should restrict the number of places through which prepared opium might be exported. After some amendments moved by ourselves and the Chinese delegation with the object of eliminating Portuguese opposition, the resolution was unanimously passed in the following terms: \"Il est convenu que les pays représentés qui ne sont pas encore prêts à prohiber l'exportation de l'opium préparé la prohiberont aussitôt que possible, et restreindront en attendant le nombre de localités par lesquelles l'opium préparé pourra être exporté.” This resolution now figures in the convention, partly in article 7 and partly as clause (a) of article 8.\n\n25. The next American resolution was that the Governments represented should forbid the exportation of prepared opium to such countries as may forbid its entry, and that no prepared opium should be shipped to a country which wishes to restrict the entry of the drug unless in accordance with the regulations of the receiving country. This resolution was carried unanimously and forms the basis of clauses (b) and (c) of article 8 of the convention.\n\n26. Two further resolutions of the American delegation were carried without opposition, and laid down (1) that any prepared opium which might be exported from one of the participating countries should bear a special mark of identification, and (2) that the export of prepared opium should only be allowed to specially authorised persons. These resolutions form the basis of clauses (d) and (e) of article 8 of the convention.\n\n27. The concluding American resolution, brought forward at this session, was that the Universal Postal Union should prohibit the transmission of prepared opium through the post. It was, however, pointed out that the conference had no power to bind the Postal Union in this manner, and the resolution was consequently carried in the following form: Qu'il est à désirer que des mesures soient adoptées par l'Union postale universelle pour réglementer la transmission de l'opium préparé par la poste. It now finds place, like the similar resolution on the subject of raw opium, as a vœu in the final protocol, clause 1 (3).\n\n5", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-396 - Public Offices - 1912.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 448265, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-411 - Governor Sir May - 1914 [5-7]", "page_number": 484, "title": "CO129-411 - Governor Sir May - 1914 [5-7]", "content_text": "473\n\n: ont test bus atsod ni vĹžnatunoo troda antvom bus obods\n\nantirewoq to boneɑeną niert TO STAWAM redźle stew atopa{[ty\n\nFædd timerit tortons revisament fostorą nadd sтom ob of\n\nto wiemną odź jambea di,tom ene ajalt saert\n\nezomwo setпsade doly to jud jel·l verd dołtw naon ae\"affiv eð\n\nbert STs anotaviživo -ledT .040e\" bee motmed rå paivir\n\n003 Vino ene odw‚E:Alo tuorooq bne tɛewol edt to Brimodal\n\nNOŽBENE OF azebuetam saødt etelitomos mas vert ti Ivinadt\n\nIsem sort a matt daoo\n\ndeario est to shuttede eft Xnift I efort ert no\n\nDISK SNJ nerw omit a ni „boltijauj, et inloq aint no steal170\n\n-DOXO VI iwe naam of effølt et airs beareoli to notnananoq\n\nBiroja cozalltv Istpt(votiga tad bernagio ad of jon el 31,25lt\n\n-Ittwe avotto tand 10 diviert griezeg tostory of Berfezradi mis\n\n-mørt æene![ly oft mort astetiq oɗt quod of moldoændte trato\n\n.edvica\n\nemda mi jet noimigo to me I skit omes et SA\n\n-netzi paerit to stotesitant toonib odd erTA 9078[liv oft er:35\n\nof wovicarer · toa vodat tost mt jed) ¡õi ̃^s** Kałw soon812t\n\n.redt BODEsq taxt onladyrove mor\" [[o]\n\n#orot buy new ad? Bft Ndiw Gras erit pidator al alt\n\n(adrado Belt mo na lep boltan} ma' BED .otte edo prow\" CLBX\n\n*now* *s* fa−bo z'rovi\" eft of suolo str[[ły ostal try a at\n\n. (højdete teha) erleoggo erode ent of wavly emer oft að þeND\n\nmacore\" ) \"star\" [good\" 12 bernan taod brein s si STOʻT\n\nbicq bas archum mwo sioďt mor? anslit▼ edt yď betteroOT BUTAIS\n\nTo Digong end dart avelled exotararić donaro I\n\ntood yonevznero\" and to moltmetab silt to encwe don etów naw 9:2\n\nsnow vaca ti rand no enefity or to abray, berbaud wet a nirishw\n\ndiw ombel at jon snow bre zosmię to consaeng edit to smere\n\nno .net bestoætis even portob Moɑ mi tom Birow yedd\n\ntu\" out to abser et tot met RED TË HOOI Bivore I visitnoɔ dift\n\n*eetaniq \"-moll I =** bra \"ano'T\n\n&rore h\n\nAlthough he was not prepared to accept our\n\nposition with regard to the villages, Mr. Ts'oi stated that\n\nvigorous measures were being taken to make this waterway safe\n\nagain. He said that several hundred troops and a number of\n\ndetectives had been sent into the district and that the water-\n\npatrols had been strengthened by the addition of four armed\n\nvessels. It was also, he said, proposed to erect block-houses\n\nat intervals along the lonely parts of the channel.\n\nThese block-houses would be 20 to 30 feet high and large enough to\n\naccommodate 40 soldiers. They would each be supplied with a\n\nfast canoe of the \"dragon boat\" type which would enable the\n\ngarrison rapidly to reach any threatened spot.\n\nEach block-house would be in sight of that on either side of it.\n\nIt was hoped that this chain of look-outs raised\n\nabove the level of the surrounding country would put a stop to\n\nthe device by which many pirates now avoid detection, namely that\n\nof retreating into the mulberries on the appearance of troops,\n\nhiding their arms and claiming to be peaceful cultivators.\n\nMr. Ts'oi complained, not without reason, that\n\nthe pirated junks had never attempted to make their plight known\n\nto the patrol launches and it was suggested that each junk should\n\nbe furnished with a special \"Help\" flag and a flare for night use.\n\nNeither side, however, placed much confidence in this device as\n\nit seemed very improbable that the junkmen would have the courage\n\nto use either if the pirates were near at hand.\n\nIt was also proposed that the Conservancy Junks\n\nshould always travel in parties under escort. We may be\n\nobliged to adopt this as a last resort, but it will mean\n\nconsiderable outlay on the part of the Contractors.\n\nAfter the conference was ended, both ships proceeded\n\nup the Sha Wan (Sai Wan) Channel. All the places at\n\nwhich interference had occurred were pointed out to Commander\n\nDixon and myself by the junkmaster and by us to the Officers\n\nin the \"Kong Hon\". The latter also pointed out to us several\n\nlaunches.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-411 - Governor Sir May - 1914 [5-7].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 457129, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-426 - Public Offices - 1915", "page_number": 445, "title": "CO129-426 - Public Offices - 1915", "content_text": "440\n\n30\n\nArticle 24.\n\nThe present Convention shall go into effect three months after the date mentioned in the Netherlands Government's notification, as indicated in the last paragraph of the preceding article.\n\nWith regard to the laws, regulations and other measures provided for by the present Convention, it is agreed that the drafts necessary to this end shall be drawn up not later than six months after the going into effect of the Convention. With regard to the laws, these shall also be proposed by the Governments to their parliaments or legislative bodies within this same period of six months, and in any case at the first session which shall follow the expiration of this period.\n\nThe date from which these laws, regulations, or measures shall go into effect shall be the subject of an agreement between the signatory Powers, at the instance of the Netherlands Government.\n\nIn case questions shall arise relative to the ratification of the present Convention, or relative to the going into effect of the Convention, or of the laws, regulations and measures which such Convention involves, the Netherlands Government, if these questions cannot be decided by other means, shall invite all the Signatory Powers to designate delegates who shall assemble at The Hague to come to an immediate agreement on these questions.\n\nArticle 25.\n\nIf it should happen that one of the Contracting Powers should wish to denounce the present Convention, such denunciation shall be notified in writing to the Netherlands Government, who shall immediately communicate a certified copy in conformity with such notification to all the other Powers, informing them at the same time as to the date on which it received such notification.\n\nThe denunciation shall have no effect except with respect to the Power who shall have given notice thereof and one year after such notice shall have reached the Netherlands Government.\n\nIn witness whereof, the Plenipotentiaries have affixed their signatures to the present Convention.\n\nDone at The Hague, January 23, 1912, in one single copy, which shall remain deposited in the archives of the Government of the Netherlands and copies of which, certified in conformity, shall be delivered through diplomatic channels to all the Powers represented at the Conference.\n\n[Here follow signatures.]\n\n[Translation.]\n\nPROTOCOLE DE CLÔTURE OF THE INTERNATIONAL OPIUM CONFERENCE.\n\nThe International Opium Conference, proposed by the Government of the United States of America and convoked by the Government of the Netherlands, assembled at The Hague in the Palace of the Knights, December 1, 1911.\n\nThe Governments, the enumeration of which follows, have taken part in the Conference, to which they had designated the Delegates hereafter named.\n\n[Here follow names of Governments and Delegates.]\n\n31\n\nIn a series of meetings held from the 1st of December, 1911, to the 23rd of January, 1912, the Conference determined upon the text of Convention hereto annexed:\n\nThe Conference has further expressed the following wishes:\n\nI. The Conference is of the opinion that there is reason to draw the attention of the Universal Postal Union:\n\n1° to the urgency of regulating the transmission by post of raw Opium;\n\n2° to the necessity of regulating, so far as possible, the transmission by post of Morphine and Cocaine and their respective salts, and of the other substances contemplated by Article 14 of the Convention;\n\n3° to the necessity of prohibiting the transmission of prepared Opium by the post.\n\nII. The Conference is of the opinion that it is advisable to study the question of Indian Hemp from the statistical and scientific standpoint, with a view to regulating its misuse, should the necessity therefor make itself felt, by domestic legislation or by an international agreement.\n\nIn testimony whereof, the Plenipotentiaries have affixed their signatures to the present Protocol.\n\nDone at The Hague, the 23rd day of January, 1912, in a single copy, which shall remain deposited in the Archives of the Government of the Netherlands, and copies of which, certified and conforming thereto, shall be delivered through the diplomatic channel to all the Powers represented at the Conference.\n\n[Here follow signatures.]\n\n[Translation.]\n\nFINAL PROTOCOL OF THE SECOND INTERNATIONAL OPIUM CONFERENCE-1918.\n\nThe Second International Opium Conference, convoked by Government of the Netherlands in virtue of Article 23 of the International Opium Convention, met at The Hague, in the Palace of the Counts, July 1, 1913.\n\nThe Governments enumerated below took part in the Conference, for which they had designated the following-named delegates.\n\n[Here follow names of Governments and delegates.]\n\nIn a series of meetings held from the 1st to the 9th the conference after examination of the question put before it by paragraph 2 of Article 23 of the International Opium Convention of January 23, 1912-\n\nI. Decided that ratifications may be deposited from this moment.\n\nII. Unanimously adopted the following resolution:\n\nRESOLUTION.\n\nDesirous of following up in the path opened by the international commission of Shanghai of 1909 and the first conference of 1912 at The Hague, the progressive suppression of the abuse of opium, morphine, cocaine, as well as of drugs prepared with or derived from those substances, and deeming it more than ever necessary and mutually advantageous to have an international agreement on that point, the Second International Conference-\n\n1. Utters a wish that the Government of the Netherlands be pleased to call to the attention of the Governments of Austria-Hungary, Norway, and Sweden the fact that the signature, ratification, drawing up of legislative measures, and putting the convention into force constitute four distinct stages which permit of those powers giving their supplemental signatures even now.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-426 - Public Offices - 1915.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 457130, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-426 - Public Offices - 1915", "page_number": 446, "title": "CO129-426 - Public Offices - 1915", "content_text": "32\n\nIndeed, it is seen from articles 23 and 24 that a period of six months is allowed to run between the going into effect of the convention and the drawing up of the bill, regulations, and other measures contemplated in the convention. Furthermore, the third paragraph of article 24 gives the contracting powers the liberty to reach agreement, after ratification, upon the date on which the said legislative measures shall go into effect. Besides, we cannot refrain from remarking that the difficulties foreseen by Austria-Hungary, Norway, and Sweden with respect to their legislation were not unknown to the delegates of the signatory powers and were subjected to thorough consideration on the part of the twelve contracting powers. Nearly all the signatory powers are in the same situation as the above-mentioned Governments and have not yet elaborated all the bills contemplated by the convention.\n\n2. Utters the wish that the Government of the Netherlands be pleased to communicate to the Governments of Bulgaria, Greece, Montenegro, Peru, Roumania, Servia, Turkey, and Uruguay the following resolution:\n\n\"The conference regrets that some Governments have refused or neglected to sign the convention as yet. The conference is of opinion that the abstention of three powers would prove a most serious obstruction to the humane purposes aimed at by the convention. The conference expresses its firm hope that those powers will desist from their negative or dilatory attitude.\"\n\n3. Utters the wish that the Government of the Netherlands be pleased to point out to the Helvetic Government its error in deeming its cooperation to be of hardly any value. Contrary to what is said in the Federal Council's letter of October 25, 1912, the conference holds that Switzerland's cooperation would be most serviceable in its effect, whereas her abstention would jeopardize the results of the convention. As to the question raised by the Federal Council concerning the respective powers of the Federal and Canton Legislatures, it is to be noted that similar difficulties were already considered by the first conference, which took them into account in wording the convention.\n\n4. Requests the signatory Governments to instruct their representatives abroad to uphold the above-indicated action of their Netherland colleagues.\n\nIII. Utters the wish that in case the signature of all the powers invited by virtue of paragraph I of article 23 shall not have been secured by the 31st of December, 1913, the Government of the Netherlands will immediately invite the signatory powers on that date to designate delegates to take up the question whether it is possible to put the International Opium Convention of January 23, 1912, into operation.\n\nIn faith whereof the delegates have affixed their signatures to the present protocol.\n\nDone at The Hague, the ninth of July, one thousand nine hundred and thirteen, in one copy that shall remain deposited in the archive of the Government of the Netherlands and certified copies of which shall be delivered through the diplomatic channel to all the powers, whether or not signatory.\n\n[Here follow signatures.]\n\nPage 70\n\nForeign\n\n1915\n\n18th May\n\nLast previous Paper.\n\n70\n\n20987\n\nHONG KONG\n\n23005\n\n441\n\n15005\n\nREC\n\nREGE 18 MAY 15\n\ntreatment of Fernand children\n\nLendo copy aste les amb explaining\n\nYou may the tree. The 7.0. attitute in itmelly hardening.\n\nIn maynlighten seew\n\nT.CH. Jas 20/5/15.\n\n19/01/20\n\nAr\n\nAva\n\nno\n\n4-12-\n\nNext subsequent Paper\n\n7.029732\n\n(88,195). Wt.21,086-13. 46,000. 12/13. A.&E.W. (107,039) 91,997-51. 45,000. 11/14.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-426 - Public Offices - 1915.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 458176, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-428 - Public Offices - 1915", "page_number": 269, "title": "CO129-428 - Public Offices - 1915", "content_text": "I C, D. ! 265 18th Deck DRAFT, Star Cafl Eu May MINUTE hr Walls ref to my GsTiby Carf dose of the 80 Dec? Ehave re to Mr. It Mela 112110~ 17/12 Mr. Wohnwan Mr. Collis Sir G. Fiddes. Sir H. Just. Sir J. Anderson. Mr. Steel-Maitland. Mr. Bonar Law. For further minute. (3 copies) ? R. after despatch yes Ase transmit three copies of the Channel Conference's Owh 1810, rear ya me or Forward buf...on Copies to the ...sting Restiar & Ambanis.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-428 - Public Offices - 1915.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 489344, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-470 - Public Offices - 1921", "page_number": 492, "title": "CO129-470 - Public Offices - 1921", "content_text": "# CONCESSION QUESTIONS AT HANKOW AND TIEN-TSIN\n\n## Report on the Work of the Chibli River Commission\n\nThe commission has been forced to withdraw survey parties from the field for a period of two months. Further, no useful results in regard to discharges of rivers could be obtained owing to the almost complete failure of the rains.\n\nAs regards actual work accomplished up to date, the commission has been instrumental in getting the following works executed in or around Tien-tsin:-\n\n1. The cathedral cutting of the Hai Ho.\n2. The improvement of the Hsin Hai Ho and construction of flood sluices.\n3. The improvement of the entrance of the Grand Canal to the Hai Ho.\n4. The construction of a flood dyke round Tien-tsin.\n5. The construction of a new outlet channel to the Machang Canal (now on hand).\n\nExcept for item (5), the civil authorities and the local gentry have provided a considerable portion of the funds necessary to carry out these works, all of which benefit Tien-tsin as regards flood protection.\n\nThe commission has also approved a project for the reversion of the Pei Yun Ho, giving it a new flood channel towards the sea, which if constructed and properly maintained should prevent inundations from that river. It hopes further to be in a position to submit proposals for improving the Yung Ting Ho within the next few months. These two projects deal with the problem of the rivers north of Tien-tsin, and thereafter attention will be focussed on the river system on the south of that city.\n\nAs regards financial arrangements, the commission is at present in receipt of a monthly grant of 30,000 dollars to cover the cost of administration, surveys, hydrographic and topographical work. This grant was obtained by arrangement with the Finance Minister and Foreign Legations in May last, with the promise that it should last until the surveys were completed. Lately, however, a suggestion has been thrown out by the Ministry of the Interior that the commission might conveniently be dissolved as soon as the plans for the Nin Mu Tun Cutting have been worked out. This, as a matter of fact, has been done in connection with the Pei Yun Ho reversion, so the proposal amounts to dissolving the commission almost at once. It is scarcely necessary to point out the folly of dissolving the commission with the surveys still unfinished. If the commission is to do the work it was intended it should do, viz., to work out a scheme for the improvement of the whole river system of Chibli, it must necessarily remain in existence until surveys have been completed and schemes have been formulated after a study of the results obtained from these surveys.\n\nThe crux of the whole matter would seem to lie in the necessary financial support being forthcoming. It would be a thousand pities if the commission should be dissolved before it has completed the survey work. It should also be pointed out too that when surveys are completed, any improvement schemes which are advocated should be carried out with the least possible delay if the surveys made are to prove valuable. I need hardly remind you, gentlemen, that owing to the changing nature of the rivers of North China, surveys made at the present time may be quite incorrect ten or fifteen years hence. As far as Tien-tsin is concerned, the project which most nearly concerns us is the improvement of the Yung Ting Ho. This is the silt-laden river which makes constant dredging necessary to keep the Pei Ho in a navigable condition. Were this menace removed, the amount of dredging that would be required in the Pei Ho, year by year, would be considerably lessened, and would consequently involve the expenditure of a much smaller sum than is now required. The Hai Ho Conservancy Board, which is concerned with the keeping in order and the improvement of the rivers in the near vicinity of Tien-tsin, has an adequate and assured income. The Chibli Commission depends entirely for its income on grants that have been made or may be made in the future; there is no assured source of supply. It is highly important that this income should be guaranteed until the work is completed or at any rate until sufficient has been done to make the results really valuable.\n\n## CONCESSION QUESTIONS AT HANKOW AND TIEN-TSIN\n\nIt was unanimously agreed:-\n\nThat this conference views with grave concern the attitude of the Chinese Government, which, in assuming control of areas formerly under foreign jurisdiction, has deprived treaty Power nationals of their rights in regard to the ownership of land and municipal representation. This conference accordingly urges upon His Majesty's Government the supreme importance of safeguarding to the fullest extent the treaty rights of British subjects residing and doing business in China, and of resisting every encroachment upon these rights. It further urges upon His Majesty's Government the absolute necessity of arriving at a satisfactory understanding with the Chinese Government as to the future administration of these areas on such terms as will ensure that the interests of British property-owners and residents shall be in no way prejudiced and the peace and good order of the other concessions fully safeguarded.”\n\nIn moving this resolution, Mr. Mounsey, on behalf of the Tien-tsin Chamber, said in part:-\n\nLast year this conference passed a resolution that whilst sympathising with the desire of the Chinese to see extraterritoriality abolished, it considered certain preliminaries essential, amongst which was a satisfactory code of laws and satisfactory arrangements for the administration of such laws. It needs no words from me to show how China has advanced towards those ends during the last twelve months, or how much nearer she has reached to a consummation of her desire to abolish extraterritorial jurisdiction.\n\nAll the evidence of administration in the case of such opportunities as have come to her is against her.\n\nThe administration of her own affairs is in a hopeless muddle. Confusion is becoming worse confounded. Each province is under the autocratic control of a military chief, owing at the best only shadowy allegiance to Peking, and, at the worst, none at all. Where the control of the Peking Government might be expected to be effective, law and order are almost non-existent: brigands roam the countryside at their own sweet will, ravaging and looting with practical impunity, and neither life nor property is secure. And when in the midst of all this chaos she assumes control of ex-enemy concessions and other foreign areas in a foreign treaty port, what sense of confidence or security is it possible for foreigners to feel!\n\n\"I am not so much concerned for the moment with the actual administration of the ex-German and ex-Austrian concessions except to use them as illustrations of what may be expected if abolition of extraterritoriality were to become an accomplished fact, and would proceed therefrom to the contemplation of the creation of an alternative situation acceptable both to foreigners and Chinese alike, and one which might have the effect of ensuring safety against encroachment on those privileges which foreigners in China now enjoy.\n\nAlmost the first thing the Chinese Government did when it assumed control of the enemy concessions was to abolish all vestige of municipal control formerly enjoyed by foreigners living in those concessions, and had not strenuous protests been made at once, the same policy was threatened in the case of the recent assumption of control of the Russian concession.\n\nIn the enemy concessions, foreign ratepayers had the right of suffrage and of election to the municipal councils of those areas. They had the power to tax themselves and the right of control of all their monies for the benefit of the areas in which they resided. Full municipal control also existed in the Russian concession, and thanks to agitation on all sides exists to-day, though possibly a continued existence of that state is somewhat precarious.\n\nTo take the ex-German concession as an example. When the Germans functioned there, taxation was not excessive, the area was laid out on a sound basis, and the taxes honestly applied towards its up-keep on progressive lines. To-day the Chinese Government is attempting to impose on all and sundry fees amounting to per cent. of the value of the land and buildings when transferred, in addition to the municipal taxes levied by the Germans, and there is no guarantee that those fees or indeed the municipal taxes also will not be arbitrarily increased at any time, or that they will be applied to the area from which they are taken. Foreigners who purchased land in the German area prior to the Chinese occupation did so with knowledge of the conditions; have spent money in improvements and development, and have had a voice in municipal affairs conducted on lines with which they are familiar.\n\nBy the action of the Chinese, the rights of treaty Power nationals in respect to land transfers have been interfered with. Those landowners are still entitled to the maintenance of their treaty rights in this respect as in others, and to have... \n\nPage 489", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-470 - Public Offices - 1921.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 489352, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-470 - Public Offices - 1921", "page_number": 500, "title": "CO129-470 - Public Offices - 1921", "content_text": "497 \n\n22 \n\nJapan is acting in a manner inimical to our interests to tell her so. We should be false both to her and to ourselves if we did not. And on the Tsingtao question, in regard to Mr. Shaw, and in the matter of obstructive regulations, we think that our criticisms have been justified.\" (Applause.) \n\nCOPYRIGHT IN CHINA \n\n## The Berne Convention \n\nIt was unanimously agreed: \n\nThat in connection with the resolution passed at the last conference urging the advisability of instituting copyright laws in China, this conference now desires to express the opinion that further representations should be addressed to the Chinese Government with a view to securing its adhesion to the Union for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works created under the convention signed at Berne on the 9th September, 1886, by the Governments of Great Britain, Belgium, France, Germany, Hayti, Italy, Liberia, Spain, Switzerland and Tunis. \n\nIn moving the above resolution on behalf of Shanghai, Mr. F. J. Norbury said: \n\nBefore moving the resolution it will doubtless be of interest to this conference to learn to what extent the proposal for China to join the Berne Convention would operate in British interests, and to that end I have taken extracts from the articles under which the parties to the convention bind themselves to protect the copyright properties of other nationals. \n\nIn 1886 the signatories to the convention were Great Britain, Germany, France, Belgium, Hayti, Italy, Liberia, Spain, Switzerland and Tunis and with the exception of Liberia, the signatures of the plenipotentiaries to that convention were in due course ratified. \n\nIn 1896 the terms of the convention were amended, and by that time Luxemburg, Monaco and Montenegro had also become parties thereto. \n\nExtracts from the convention are as follows: \n\n| Article | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| 1 | The contracting States are constituted into a union for the protection of the rights of authors over their literary and artistic works. |\n| 2 | Authors of any of the countries of the union, or their lawful representatives, shall enjoy in the other countries for their works, whether published in one of these countries or unpublished, the rights which the respective laws do now or may hereafter grant to natives. |\n| | **The enjoyment of these rights is subject to the accomplishment of the conditions and formalities prescribed by law in the country of origin of the work, and cannot exceed in the other countries the term of protection granted in the said country of origin.** |\n| 4 | The expression \"literary and artistic works\" comprehends books, pamphlets, and all other writings; dramatic or dramatico-musical works, musical compositions with or without words; works of design, painting, sculpture, and engraving, lithographs, illustrations, geographical charts; plans, sketches, and plastic works relative to geography, topography, architecture, or science in general; in fact, every production whatsoever in the literary, scientific, or artistic domain which can be published by any mode of impression or reproduction. |\n| 5 | Authors of any of the countries of the union, or their lawful representatives, shall enjoy in the other countries the exclusive right of making or authorising the translation of their works until the expiration of ten years from the publication of the original work in one of the countries of the union. |\n| 6 | It is nevertheless agreed that the tribunals may, if necessary, require the production of a certificate from the competent authority, to the effect that the formalities prescribed by law in the country of origin have been accomplished, as contemplated in article 2. |\n\nIt will be noted that the United States of America and China are not included in the list of nations becoming parties to the Berne Convention. \n\n23 \n\nChina has, however, a somewhat crude enactment whereby her own nationals may register their copyrights with the Minister of the Interior, but this does not appear to specifically state that it will afford protection to foreign copyright holders. America and England both entered into treaties with China to give reciprocal protection to copyright owners but the regulations proved to be vague and unsatisfactory and quickly fell into disuse. \n\nIt should also be borne in mind that by the Shanghai Treaty of 1902 China specifically undertook to provide protection to trade marks and copyrights, by enacting laws to that end. \n\nIt is, therefore, considered to be a feasible and proper step to ask the Chinese Government to fulfil her undertaking by securing to British authors, artists and publishers the same amount of security they enjoy at home, by becoming parties to the Berne Convention of 1886 and as amended in 1896. \n\n## YANG-TSZE Conservancy \n\n### Necessity for a Technical Commission \n\nIt was unanimously agreed: \n\n\"That as a preliminary to the appointment by the Chinese Government of a Conservancy Board to improve the navigation of the Yang-tsze, as recommended in the resolution passed at last year's conference, this conference would strongly urge the nomination of a technical commission to make a preliminary study of the whole question with a view to formulating general proposals as to the lines on which this work should be taken in hand.\" \n\nShanghai (Mr. Humphrys)—The mover of last year's resolution on this subject calculated that it would occupy him the full four days of the conference to enumerate the many important cities and the varied interests involved in the conservancy of the Yang-tze. \"I am therefore sure you will approve if I dismiss very briefly and in very general terms the objects to be achieved. \n\nThese may be stated as follows: \n\n* Firstly. To prevent any material diversion of the river from its present normal course, such diversion for instance as might result in the complete isolation of a treaty port and the destruction of a large area of country. \n* Secondly. To maintain a constant channel throughout the year for vessels of more than 9 to 10 foot draft. \n* Thirdly. To maintain adequate deep water frontage at treaty ports and at all present or future important ports of call. \n* Fourthly. To prevent or at least restrict the effect of destructive floods. \n* Fifthly. To convert large areas from what are now water-logged wastes into fertile agricultural land. \n* Sixthly. To create canals and improve irrigation where necessary. \n\nThis modest programme—which I do not suggest is exhaustive—is likely to involve engineering works of some difficulty and great cost: but the interests at stake are almost incalculable. \n\nWe have not yet arrived at a stage when we can indicate except in the very general terms already mentioned either what improvements are required or where they are required, by what methods they are to be attained or how they can be financed. \n\nThe present state of mind of most of us on this subject can best be described as one of almost complete ignorance: but we cannot afford to remain in ignorance: the future of the Yang-tsze is too important—to vital to Chinese and foreign interests alike. \n\nThe object of the present resolution then is to start nearer the beginning than our proposals of last year, and to take the initial step towards remedying our ignorance. We want to get some idea as to what tricks the Yang-tsze is likely to play on us within the next five or ten years if she is allowed to pursue her impetuous career unchaperoned and unchecked: we want some indication as to what restraints should be imposed on her and where and how they should be imposed and we want to distinguish between the more urgent requirements of the present and the probable requirements of the future.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-470 - Public Offices - 1921.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 493316, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-477 - Public Offices - 1922", "page_number": 224, "title": "CO129-477 - Public Offices - 1922", "content_text": "224\n\n÷\n\n2\n\n9. The question came up again on the 1st February, when Mr. Hanihara defined the position of his Delegation. Ever since the Peking Resolution of 1919, Japan had loyally carried out her obligations, and had succeeded, not without great difficulty, in restraining her nationals from carrying out certain contracts signed before that date. But the Japanese Government could not reasonably be expected to hold these contracts back if Italian nationals for their part were to have full liberty to proceed with similar contracts. The Japanese Government warmly supported the policy embodied in the Resolution, now before the Committee, which they believed to be the right one; but in the circumstances their inability to adhere was not unjustifiable.\n\n10. It was evident that matters had thus come to a complete deadlock; and when Signor Schanzer produced and read the instructions of his Government, showing that he had no option but to reaffirm the Italian reservation, it became obvious that no useful purpose was to be served by continuing the debate. I accordingly briefly summed up the situation and suggested that the Conference, having failed to reach unanimity, no course was open to me but to withdraw the Resolution and leave the matter over for negotiations between the various Governments through the ordinary, if less expeditious, channel of diplomatic correspondence at the various capitals. To this course Signor Schanzer, who, I think, realised the somewhat poor figure which his Government's instructions forced him to cut, at once agreed, whilst expressing the belief that the present difficulty would speedily be disposed of if the matter were dealt with as I had suggested.\n\n11. Before letting the matter drop, both Mr. Hughes and I intimated that our respective Governments could hardly be expected to acquiesce in a state of affairs under which, under the guise of existing contracts, the nationals of one Power might be indulging in the lucrative arms trade whilst our nationals were debarred from participating by our legislation.\n\n12. The matter thus stands as follows: The Resolution which I originally tabled on the 24th January, and amended to meet the Netherlands point of view on the 31st January, has been definitely withdrawn; the Japanese have announced that they cannot continue to hold their nationals in check so long as the Italian Government maintain their reservation. Both Mr. Hughes and I have left no doubt that our respective Governments share this point of view, and finally, at Mr. Hughes' suggestion, it has been left to the Italian Delegation to file their contracts with the Secretariat-General of the Conference, and make out the best case they can to justify their reservation, which, if the circumstances reported by His Majesty's Minister at Peking are correct, they may not find it altogether easy to accomplish.\n\n13. The results are thus purely negative. Nevertheless, they appear to me to have justified my action and to be more satisfactory than the present intolerable situation.\n\nI am, &c.\n\nmanufacture, and to prohibit such exportation from their territories or territories under their control until the establishment of a Government whose authority is recognised throughout the whole of China.\n\n2. Each of the above Powers will forthwith take such additional steps as may be necessary to make the above restrictions immediately binding.\n\n3. The scope of this Resolution includes all Concessions and Settlements in China.\n\n4. The United States of America will invite the adherence to this Resolution of the other Powers in treaty relations with China.\n\nEnclosure 3 in No. 1.\n\nRESOLVED by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, that whenever the President finds that in any American country, or in any country in which the United States exercises extra-territorial jurisdiction, conditions of domestic violence exist, which are or may be promoted by the use of arms or munitions of war procured from the United States, and makes proclamation thereof, it shall be unlawful to export, except under such limitations and exceptions as the President prescribes, any arms or munitions of war from any place in the United States to such country until otherwise ordered by the President or by Congress.\n\nDear Mr. Balfour,\n\nEnclosure 4 in No. 1.\n\nM. Beelaerts van Blokland to Mr. Balfour.\n\nNetherlands Delegation, Washington Conference,\n\nJanuary 30, 1922.\n\nI FEEL especially gratified in informing you that I have just been authorised by my Government to accept your draft resolution relating to the exportation of arms, &c., to China, as amended by yourself in the course of the last meeting of the Committee on Pacific and Far Eastern Questions.\n\nWith highest regards,\n\nSincerely yours,\n\nBEELAERTS VAN BLOKLAND.\n\nARTHUR JAMES BALFOUR.\n\n(Confidential.)\n\nEnclosure 1 in No. 1.\n\nArms Embargo.\n\nTHE attached draft Resolution may possibly come up for discussion at the meeting of the Committee on Pacific and Far Eastern Questions, to be held at 3-30 this afternoon.\n\nL. C. CHRISTIE, Secretary,\n\nBritish Empire Delegation.\n\nFranklin Square Hotel, Washington, D.C.,\n\nJanuary 27, 1922.\n\nEnclosure 2 in No. 1.\n\nARMS EMBARGO.\n\nDraft Resolution.\n\nTHE United States of America, Belgium, the British Empire, France, Italy, Japan, the Netherlands and Portugal affirm their intention to refrain from exporting to China arms or munitions of war, or material destined exclusively for their\n\nEnclosure 5 in No. 1.\n\nARMS EMBARGO.\n\nDraft Resolution.\n\nTHE United States of America, Belgium, the British Empire, France, Italy, Japan, the Netherlands and Portugal affirm their intention to refrain from exporting to China arms or munitions of war, whether complete or in parts, and to prohibit such exportation from their territories or territories under their control until the establishment of a Government whose authority is recognised throughout the whole of China.\n\n2. Each of the above Powers will forthwith take such additional steps as may be necessary to make the above restrictions immediately binding.\n\n3. The scope of this Resolution includes all Concessions and Settlements in China.\n\n4. The United States of America will invite the adherence to this Resolution of the other Powers in treaty relations with China.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-477 - Public Offices - 1922.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 493944, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-478 - Public Offices & Others - 1922", "page_number": 335, "title": "CO129-478 - Public Offices & Others - 1922", "content_text": "5\n\ncollected and paid to the banks, and their retransfer to the purpose for which they were assigned is only a matter of a book entry. These revenues will, moreover, probably be increased precisely in 1922 by the raising of the customs dues to make them yield an effective 5 per cent. (at present they yield less).\n\nAs regards the other Powers, their financial difficulties may make them less inclined to be unnecessarily generous than they would have been in 1919, when the impoverishment caused by the war was still largely obscured by inflation. There are reasons which cannot be quoted here for thinking that the Japanese Government are not anxious to forgo their share of the indemnity, and are afraid of being forced into doing so by concessions to China on the part of His Majesty's Government. The attitude of the United States Government, whose share is, in any case, comparatively small, may be more largely swayed by sentimental and idealistic considerations than that of the other Powers, who may therefore decide upon a common attitude, irrespective of whether they are joined in it by the United States Government.\n\nA telegram from His Majesty's Minister at Peking of the 4th August, 1921, suggests that the remission of the indemnity might be considered for educational purposes under proper guarantees, but Sir B. Alston is of opinion that if the matter is raised at the Washington Conference we should be prepared to make it clear to the Chinese delegation at the outset that the question of remitting the indemnity can only be usefully discussed with representatives of a united and stable Government which is ready to accept the degree of foreign assistance which recent events have proved to be essential. The existing Chinese Government have shown themselves too utterly incompetent and insincere in dealing with the financial situation, opium and the question of the disbandment of troops to be allowed any increased power without proper control. It appears, therefore, that Sir B. Alston is opposed to the remission of the indemnity as a gift, but thinks it might be considered as part of a bargain in which we should secure the education of Chinese on British lines and a greater degree of efficiency in Chinese administration.\n\nForeign Office, October 10, 1921.\n\nF 1408/179/10\n\nAPPENDIX I.\n\nMemorandum on the Control of Chinese Maritime Customs Funds by the Diplomatic Body at Peking and Payment of the Boxer Indemnity Service.\n\nSINCE 1912 the revenue derived by China from her Maritime Customs has been under the control of the foreign Powers, acting through their representatives at Peking. The reasons for this apparently anomalous state of affairs will be shown later, but, before going further, some account of the origin of the Chinese Maritime Customs may be useful, and some explanation of the circumstances in which that service came to be administered by foreign nationals serving under the Chinese Government.\n\nOrigin of the Chinese Maritime Customs.\n\n2. British trade with China may be said to date from 1670, when the British East India Company established a footing at Amoy and in Formosa. In 1685 an Imperial edict was issued, opening all the ports of China to foreign trade, but this was rescinded in 1757, when another Imperial edict appeared, confining all foreign trade to Canton.\n\n3. In 1702 a Chinese official, known as the \"Hoppo,\" was appointed to act as the sole channel through whom the foreign merchants must conduct their trade. Under him was established, a few years later, an institution known as the \"Co-hong,\" composed of a body of thirteen Chinese merchants enjoying a monopoly of all trade with foreign firms.\n\n4. The foreigners at Canton were confined to so-called \"factories\" (thirteen in number), and all their dealings with China had to pass through the \"Co-hong.\" They were subject to a system of irritating regulations and restrictions; for instance, any arms of any kind must be brought to the factories, foreign traders must not engage Chinese servants, they must not row for pleasure on the river, &c.\n\n5. There ensued continual friction between the foreign community and the local Chinese officials, and eventually conditions reached breaking-point. With the appointment as Imperial High Commissioner at Canton of the high-handed Lin Tse-su, in December 1839, matters came to a head. The ostensible cause of dispute was the opium trade, in which Lin, after only eight days in office, prohibited all foreigners from indulging under severe penalties. But the real cause of the war that broke out was not the opium question, but the intolerable position of foreign merchants under the existing régime.\n\n6. The war ended in the Treaty of Nanking (1842), which opened Canton, Amoy, Foochow, Ningpo and Shanghai to foreign trade and residence, abolished the monopoly of the \"Co-hong\" and did away with other irritating restrictions; it also stipulated for a published customs tariff. This was the first step toward the formation of a recognised Chinese Maritime Customs service.\n\nIntroduction of Foreigners into Maritime Customs Service.\n\n7. During the Taiping rebellion the city of Shanghai fell into the hands of the rebels, and though the neutrality of the foreign settlement was declared and maintained, the Chinese Government, having lost control, were unable themselves to enforce collection of the customs duties to which they were now entitled by treaty. There had, moreover, been the inevitable difficulties inseparable from any attempt by native customs officials to enforce tariff regulations upon foreign traders unaccustomed to comply with Chinese official requirements. The upshot of all these difficulties was a proposal by the consuls of the countries concerned of a modus vivendi in 1854, under which the foreign element was first introduced into the Chinese Maritime Customs. On the nomination of the Consuls—British, French and American—three foreign inspectors of customs were appointed at Shanghai by the Tao-tai. They were M. Arthur Smith (French), Mr. Lewis Carr (American) and Mr. (later Sir Thomas) Wade (British). Each inspector received a salary from the Chinese Government of 6,000 dollars.\n\n8. The success of the new institution was immediate, in spite of a certain friction that arose from time to time with the foreign merchants, and the desire was soon general to extend the system to the other treaty ports.\n\nPage 330", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-478 - Public Offices & Others - 1922.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 502959, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-493 - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [6-8]", "page_number": 34, "title": "CO129-493 - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [6-8]", "content_text": "Hong Kong strike and will appoint for the purpose three delegates with plenipotentiary powers. The Canton\n\n33\n\nGovernment believes that your Government will consider it advisable to follow a like course and for the purpose of negotiations appoint an equal number of delegates with similar powers.\n\n#4\n\nThe proper channel of communication between Canton and Hong Kong is the Consul General (see Foreign Office letter 24th July 1911 No.26864 and Colonial Office Confidential despatch 10th August 1911) and I propose to reply/direct but through Consul General.\n\nThat the Consul General should be present at the discussions is in my opinion essential. Further, in order that the anti-British trouble throughout Kwangtung may be settled in one conference, I consider it very desirable that he should be authorised to participate in the discussions as a negotiator. I realise of course that as matter now stands the views expressed by His Majesty's Minister Peking prevent him from taking this course but I hope that these views will be reconsidered and the necessary instructions given to the Consul General. Subject to the approval by His Majesty's Government of this procedure I propose to despatch to the Consul General two letters in the following sense.\n\n(1) First letter a copy of which should be sent to Chen by Consul General. For text see my immediately following telegram.\n\n(2) Second letter the substance of which will be communicated verbally to Chen by Consul General. Latter will add that His Majesty's Government has sent him directions to attend and participate (it is hoped that he will receive such instructions from Peking). The text of this letter is contained in a separate telegram which follows after (1) above.\n\nDelay", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-493 - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [6-8].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 504640, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-495 - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [11-12]", "page_number": 509, "title": "CO129-495 - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [11-12]", "content_text": "An independent step, therefore, which His Majesty's Government may take at Canton will at once affect not only the rest of China but our relations with other Powers having interests in the Far East. The provocative attitude of the group of Extremists now in control at Canton may be deliberately calculated to provoke retaliatory measures whereby they hope to gain in popularity in their own country and to single out Great Britain as the oppressor of China. Such a development would be specially unfortunate at the present moment, when the Tariff Conference is about to meet at Peking and solidarity among the Powers and conviction of our good intentions on the part of the Chinese people are particularly necessary. Mr. Chamberlain will not hesitate to recommend strong action if and when it is considered that the situation would be permanently improved thereby. But he would prefer to take such action in concert with the other Powers whose treaty rights are equally at stake, and whom, as explained above, we are under an obligation to consult. He would be most reluctant to act alone except in circumstances where it would be clear to unprejudiced opinion that he had no reasonable alternative (letter to Colonial Office of the 5th September).\n\nAs regards Sir J. Jamieson's proposal for a blockade of the Canton River, Sir Cecil Hurst wrote in a minute on F3890 (the 20th August, 1925) as follows:-\n\n\"I assume that the Communist Government at Canton has not been recognised in any way as a Government by His Majesty's Government, and also that the proposed blockade of Canton is not intended as an act of war, but merely as a method of applying coercion in order to oblige the Canton authorities to desist from their illegal action in attempting to interfere with the liberty of foreign steam vessels to exercise their treaty rights of trade at Canton. Action such as is proposed by Sir J. Jamieson in his telegram No. 10 can be taken by His Majesty's Government without prior application to the League; but if such action is taken, any member of the League, including China herself, will be entitled to bring the matter before the Council under article 11 (see paragraph 2 of the article). If the action taken at Canton were a joint action with one or more of the other Great Powers, there would be the advantage that it would lessen the risk of trouble in the Council. It would diminish the chance of any attempt being made to isolate His Majesty's Government. All the Great Powers would be bound to stick together. If time allows, it might be well to call the attention of the Peking Government to these unjustifiable regulations which have been issued at Canton in breach of the treaty rights of the Powers, and warn it that unless it can secure their withdrawal within a specified time limit, the Powers would be obliged to take forcible measures. It would be difficult for the Government at Peking to protest to the Council at such action being taken by the Powers at Canton when it was rendered necessary by the failure of that Government to put an end to illegal action in its own territory.\"\n\nOther methods of dealing with Canton suggested at that time were:—\n\n Immediate examination of measures to be taken in order to permit the French and British consuls to face the situation created in Kwangtung by the recent actions of the Communist Government (French Ambassador's note of the 13th August): \"A naval demonstration\" (French Ambassador's note of the 15th August). We replied to M. de Fleuriau, on the 7th September, that it did not appear as though, at the present time, there were an immediate danger to the persons and property of foreigners in Canton, and that the Navigation Rules had been disavowed, but that if the position becomes suddenly worse, or if it appears to be drifting in a definitely dangerous direction, we might have to consult further with his Government.\n On the 21st August, in a telegram to the Admiralty, the Commander-in-chief suggested strong local action, involving an ultimatum to the Canton Government that if normal trade conditions were not resumed within a short and definite period, the Bocca Tigris and Whampoa Forts, and also the Whampoa Military College would be bombed and destroyed. The Admiralty informed us that from a technical point of view the action proposed was quite practicable and, indeed, an easy measure. But we rejected it, as we considered that if there were objections to a blockade, the same objections existed in much greater force to a bombing expedition.\n Interception of vessels obeying strike committees' regulations. This was proposed in a concrete instance by Sir J. Jamieson on the 19th August. The proposal was put up to us at 48 hours' notice, and, especially as it involved cargo belonging to a French firm, it was not approved.\n The reference of the Canton incident to the League of Nations. This was suggested by His Majesty's Chargé d'Affaires, Peking, to His Majesty's consul-general, Canton (see Peking telegram No. 322 of the 20th August), who replied once more that, though the League of Nations might determine the facts, a stage had been reached when nothing short of abrogation of treaties would placate the local Government or end the strike.\n A contribution not exceeding 1 million dollars, to be made from Hong Kong funds towards a scheme to support anti-Bolshevik parties in Canton (Colonial Office letter of the 22nd August). We have always strongly opposed the financing of Chinese parties, and we informed the Colonial Office that we could not approve of this proposal.\n\nOn the 24th August, Sir J. Jamieson telegraphed that there were signs of collapse of the Extremist Government at Canton. He had been approached through a foreign channel as to how the deadlock might be ended. He had suggested that the five demands made by the Canton Government after the incident of the 3rd June should be referred to Peking and that the \"Navigation Rules\" should be disclaimed, thus allowing resumption of traffic between Hong Kong and Canton; this better outlook was confirmed by Peking on the 25th August. On the 26th August, the Canton Government informed Sir J. Jamieson that they had neither published nor approved the \"Navigation Rules\"; he accordingly suggested that a river steamship should be sent from Hong Kong to Canton as a test.\n\nAt the end of August, therefore, there was sufficient reason to be optimistic, although, as yet, there were no very definite signs of improvement. But about this time occurred the first of those obscure political moves in Canton city itself, which resulted in the overthrow of more moderate counsels, and an end of our hopes. On the 30th August, His Majesty's consul-general telegraphed that the military cadets and the strike committee had complete charge of the city; opposition to them was gathering, but that it was doubtful whether their (i.e., anti-Communists') men would stand up against artillery and grenades.\n\nOn the 5th September, His Majesty's Chargé d'Affaires at Peking telegraphed (Peking telegram No. 357) as follows:-\n\n(1) The current of Chinese popular feeling is setting against Soviet intrigues in Canton and elsewhere. It is, therefore, quite possible that the Canton Government may soon fall without our intervention.\n\n(2) Revulsion of feeling would probably take place in favour of Canton if attacked from outside. I feel that Peking Government might well regard a blockade as violation of China's sovereign rights and also protest as a recognition by foreign Powers of independence of Canton; and as one of the contracting Powers, China seems to me clearly entitled to prior consultation under article 7 of the Washington Treaty.\n\n(3) I am strongly of opinion that preliminary consultation with Japanese, American, and French Governments would be preferable to immediate application to Washington Powers. I would suggest consultation with Italian Government, also, as they have ships here.\n\nOn the 6th September, Peking (in telegram No. 359) forwarded the following message from His Majesty's consul-general, Canton:\n\n\"The city is in the hands of cadets, labour and strike unions, and Russians, and is controlled by a Chinese triumvirate, whom it would be difficult to dislodge. A saner Chinese element would appreciate intervention, but I personally deprecate it as it would leave a legacy of hatred for the future. On the other hand, continuance of present state of things will bankrupt Hong Kong.\"\n\nSir J. Jamieson's memorandum on the boycott (dated the 11th September) will be found in Annex XI. It indicates that the triumvirate consisted of Chiang Kai-shek (Cadet army), Wang Ching-wei (Labour Unions), and Hsu Chung-chi (Cantonese military). The first two are Extremists; the last belongs to the less extreme Kuomintang, and his influence has consequently been waning.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-495 - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [11-12].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 504734, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-495N - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [11-12", "page_number": 2, "title": "CO129-495N - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [11-12", "content_text": "Cleans and Disinfects in One Operation. REMEMBER\n\nNO SOAP, NO STRONG CAUSTICS.\n\nNO DANGEROUS DISINFECTANTS\n\nARZ WANTED THE \"CARBOLACENE\n\nREGULARLY\n\nWALKER\n\nREGO CARBOLACENE\n\nFRAGRANT\n\nCLEANSER DISINFECTANT\n\nAn Active Disinfectant and Cleanser for use in Hotels, Institutions and in the Home,\n\nUsed by the British & Foreign Governments.\n\nSole Makers for -\n\nW. & F. WALKER, LTD., Liverpool, England.\n\nSole Agents- ANDERSON & ASHED.\n\nQue's Buildings.\n\nINSURE\n\nFOUR\n\nMOTOR\n\nCAR\n\nWITH\n\nGILMANS.\n\nTHE\n\n\"OCEAN COMPREHENSIVE POLICY\n\nhousehold.\n\n[24\n\nA Welcome Visitor\n\nat any\n\ntime in\n\nevery\n\nEvery\n\nBug, Flea, Beetle, Moth, Fly, etc., dies once it has come into proper contact with\n\nKEATING'S\n\nMARTIN'S\n\nAPIOL & STEEL Sure and certain for all Female complaints. Every lady should keep a box in the house.\n\nChemists and Stores sell them throughout the world. Proprietors MARTIN, Chisholm, Southampton Row.\n\nUNCLAIMED TELEGRAMS.\n\nAT THE GREAT NORTHERN TELEGRAPH CO.\n\nFROM\n\nADURYS ED Petrovitch, 32, Nathan Rd. Shanghai\n\nfragoon Sheinm\n\nTokyo Shouzhai Shanghai\n\nKisty Simpson\n\nBorghie Cassic\n\nBang\n\n-hal\n\nJAR\n\nMercery...\n\nAndrew Tr\n\nJonicbole\n\nL\n\nAbig Amay Totolas Chicago, Ulincin\n\nAT THE EASTERN EXTENSION, AUSTRALASIA AND CHINA TELEGRAPH CO.\n\nADDRESSED\n\nHeatley Rinorez Yardley Celly\n\nFrom\n\nLender\n\nDaina\n\nSu Franciaco\n\nTHE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, FRIDAY,\n\nTHE BUDGET PASSED (CONTD.).\n\nyaw open he deducted from the total\n\nwould place Hongkong in und danger of a water famine for fleen gewes\n\nLust of the Department is will be seen reset. Yet, won ave years of the that the department costs only about $200,000 per un to run, apart from the salaries of use we cadet others in the department and on or two metibars\n\nstedssful construction of that reservoir Hongkong was agus confromed ly water shortage sa ne costred also in the earlier pars if this year, i think the\n\nof the cleries) stali which are provided jeovision is inevituste Lant Dere is for leewhow. y Honous la friend by Nature herself the\n\nNOVEMBER\n\n5FR.\n\nBOGUS DIPLOMAT.\n\nFREL MOTOR-CAR TOUR.\n\nACTING FOR PRINCE OF WALES,”\n\nPARI\n\nÁn dadarions series of frauds by a minu\n\n1926.\n\nFOOTBALL.\n\nCLUR DE RECREIO Is XI.\n\nS.C.A.4. 1st XI.\n\nTeams representing these Caly will et in tegne match at the Regrou's who represented himself as a member afgrond, King's Park, tomonow, kick-off the staff of the British Embassy clituged\n\nand a special mission ou half at the The Reevein's team is as follows:-M Prince of Wales, a nursed by the Per M. da Silva. W t\n\npiguen prependant of the Bha de taptain), CF iteraedius. A Atlas\n\nRUGBY,\n\nFL.R.F.C. * ENGINERE ARTIFICERS.\n\nThere will be a catch between these teams at the Royal Navy ground, King's Pack, Kowloon, to-morras. Kick-off. 4\n\nP.201\n\nThe following have been selected to play for the Chi Laotiert, Liatr\n\nBlairisgley and Trages; Morrison, Ler\n\nPuree Using the are of Lord Remedios, A. V. Remedios, 12. P. Xavier, i aui Miline (cnplain), Póster, M. Smith,\n\ntrientales, upon the Sensor for the Depertinent, and japon Colonel Blachere, military erminander of the region, stat ing that he had been instapeter to par-\n\nClub de Racrei ad XI. r. 8.0.\n\nAlhalic Association,\n\nis referising reels to the cost of the case saputorial on position is loux searching stab and corridors that too kung land. Endell, wuite apart from must is spent in searching steamers for the wase; supp's question, the cablu, the inutividani in question call-id. P. Fuertes, A. Losang. J. M. da ours and list grugs I would emorye box of the vatani sets very strict iuits the Prefect of die Pens | Siha, and A. J. Brown, than relive service is absolutely to the practicability of hoana babita neentary in a port of this slae and in\n\nnon. There art, moreover, engout re portiure, closely insted his in to a\n\nSoge #gatus, maxing the islami dependan foreign contry. Search has to on made for its water apon the maidand. There for exciele and antialle articles and fore, akhough. I fear that we shall never for prohibited imports. We have also be able to dispense with rider auine certain interjunal obligations in these the flan, het web doubties will utiere, cod shine ang sourched on operate as encouragement to add matter of routine. It is quive itaposiole tonal population to settle in Kaulugu questions raised by y Honourable duty to exannine all j Friend. The fact thar, 4,30 pounds of water storage on the sand itself, and which be made an ratensive four of the Accumpeau.\n\nThie match will be payed on the Re-1 chaec a villa on the Côte Vermeille Forreio's groun, Kiug's Park, Lo-earrow, the Peince of Wales.\n\nkick-not at 245 pudar.\n\nA pram of noble boating, speaking\n\nThe Secret team wall be:--L. M.\n\ncat, Hankey, Light Weish. Sergt Steyer, Seval Bruno. Beveridge and Mefatyre.\n\nHOCKEY.\n\nTODAY'S GAMES.\n\nThe following will represent the Univer\n\nhis story opted without the east susen, J. Lira captu). C. Figueiredo, de Recio coday at 5.15 p.n on the Treinb and English perivetly, he found Perunades, L. A. Gomes, C. d'Assmagsity is hockey match against Ch\n\nthe cal authorities. whu Bonce, A. F. Carvalho. Ruza Pereira, University football groundA. A. Ariz 19 pisin Pion in\n\nto give oxset Agaces in answer to the rather itan is Hongalisios of father lend this disposal a motor car. in A. J. Mauris L. A. da Roche, and B. fraptains, Dr. F. X. Ashton, Lim Pon\n\noptain 4 fire seine anal 45,000 rounds of these pastilities are now being in damagnitions. 57,000 contraband cigavestigated. reites 3,500 gallons of spirits and 6,600 ons of danger, dings were seized during is shows the need for an eða tive piramontina utait. Moreover the pre- ventive staff deals wis the investigation officiell optare divans which one volves a very large arent of work on a careful consiferation of the facts think my Honourable end will agree that the tatt is not sxessive for the work which hay to be dozn\n\n3u puticular one pateabai marceir hệ un perivased ospunity or gan pillinn gations has been located and it is al euiated that the wat of wenst vetag i would be a greater than the cost of the pepe linn under the harbour ae designed by the Consulting Engineers Weght also to devise ones como sing our tresh water supplies in Hongkong by asing mắt water on the low towels for Bntly, chets wi no doubt have\n\nsabinge, streef-cleaning, fire-aging and generally for non-potable perposes, Coticed one very serious mission from his rasite is likewise under lige Toy remarks, his ouission is intentional ice and I trust that before long 1 may ae Your Havelienes has informed me thassle to lay the table of this you will senrself deal with the very im vertant question of the waer supply for\n\nVeure a sossinust paver giving foli in forms for on every aspecs of der water\n\n} \n\n$100.\n\nthe Calous and with the remarks of hon, I supply bien. 21 furnishing all the etubers on that subject. One more data secessary for foenutatley our leture should like\n\nto thank\n\ngfficul collenges for their veys flattering rewound he premature to take a tal desi poliny in this respect. Until then it marks on the way the budget was intro- dowed and for the very restrained tona of their reasonable criticism and, espe einily, for their generous appreciation of the services of the virions Government departmente.\n\n1. THE GOVERNOR SUMS UP.\n\nEducation.\n\nOn the subject of euation I wil only already sail that, situated add to what the Colonis Sourctary has\n\nA.E. TA GOTUPNO id: My cordial thanks ne both to the atheist and to the uncial arembers of this Council; for ne ne ant eare which they have: devoted the consideration of the the whole world and the initiation of the budget. My dead is greatest to the spinally Buxlish loy-serot and gir gode Colonial Secretary, who has had no ingredients wing mar oy There shows pains in preparing in expouedag and in\n\nthat in ufucational matters a vitalizing\n\nHongong, woney spent by ss u odana. rice is of the etenst value to British 24 terests in China. Tug is en dra of ad- yertisement and propagands. Partin not good at advartizu artelves and; ly or unfortunately, we, as people, are we are very under propagands. But the public schools sad the aniversities of the United Kingdom are the additating ar\n\ndefending the apply Bill, and whes, sales stil goes out from England 1 am so the whole Council will agree, amly believe that, it we can savesstuhy has discharged a dilbicult task with cun. geois ability thun seo auch the spirit of the British patule saboris and alvidare ete Horakung something of Indented te the cat members vereittes, we shall de more for dish their helpfat criticism and to ihove official interesis in Chica yłem ten possibly be pembery who have taken part in the relieved in any other war Eduentib Rebate for repping to this aritivist, of couraz, le padneted en sourd tuly t bare is Strie Jek Joy me to lines and a political propaganda Gust excluded ont euz adura- on which I propone la rough, parents thus tional i Colony's water supply and the subject of education\n\na. There arŋ, in fet, only two poists !.bs natuiiishraeus. Tsui, subirer to\n\nColony's Water Supply. Ever since I that loow Henging, woes The quarter of a century go, the in sutticiuc of the Colony's water supp has been a cause for anxiety, can weit remember the days when tied r\n\nsheet prozigos, am convinced list the moncy we spend on advention is a very good arstiteat, and I are glad ir los from the speech of the Senior Chinese Miscber that he and his colleague In\n\nut grutee it.\n\nI now own to the Cancil the motion,\n\nwhich has aireury hem mover and\n\ntonement house iu o ting Forgatseaded, tant de supply Bill be read a\n\ncime of note water shortage and hud, segond time.\n\nto setu my zerranis with backets dow\n\nto Praga, where they\n\nsterd in a\n\nqueue to get water iron lots which brought it across the bay bots from Wai Lamb uns cu the malaland.\n\ntherefore with every apathy for the Glumus mau ibnet the levels\n\nflo. Bir Husa Peursex: May I spea MD Arun of the pointe which have been i red.\n\nILE. THE Veason: I am afraid go Caszob allow it.\n\nThe Standing Onies do aut\n\nHongkong and with invaderiar•Ung Hon. Sa Hay PoiLock has been\n\nof dieir male a ruladatos doring & the ecco in this Council to ready to water facing the 2 have studied tre matters raised in the outs of rhodit. proposal to ask the island dependantcussion.\n\nthe miniland for much of its water\n\nR.E. THE GRENOU. The Bavel may\n\nonce on the second reading of a Bill Conado has a right to mene more tran\n\nYna y pesk us say then you ke\n\nthe Committee stage.\n\ncools. Let me, however, fest consider as the edit to reply. No member of this matter from the point of new of kowison. I am convinse the years come, awing paully to the limitatione which Natone has rapused on Hory- Rong a partly to the advantages which\n\nThe Hill was icy read a second time, Naturn hus bektared upon Konon, Tue\n\nComan went in sanilia to on- grcatat portion of the Cabay'a popun Bon will hats the uainland ather then sider the Oil viure la dise and Ha The wows-planning shoe Hey Fobock then raised a center of and the Farlane development sideme for\n\nquestions which were unsered by H Kowloon Invs then prepared vety wizely The Govezo nd other ricmbers of\n\non a generava scale and 36 s mrahornell. No amenduents were made to able that in future yes the norther the Bin Custee and opon Couteil alores of our barbour wil e jahached rowing,\n\nay & population ci Feiller JROTH The Cowaru SeCESTARY Moved the Chinese ani thar there will be residences third reading.\n\na aing the slopes of the Kowie The BOLONIAL Turns seconded and ange, and especially as its castern end, the Bii was read rd time and sumers as in the Peak Distric.passed.\n\nThe populata of the Colony has in the E. Tap overrun thurk hour. Pas crease at a phenomenat rate andante buombers very airvurely for the there is n voron why it should not evi-\n\nVision they have made for best year.\n\ntinue to do so in the fetare. I bax Courel and adjourned zinc đen,\n\ndoabled during the past ten years Now\n\nwe are a present only completing the\n\nfast plage of the Sheng Mun rabicy ivatar corts scheme. Hat when that\n\nsebeme has heretter been developed to\n\nla y capacity\n\nthe water supply\n\nREGULATIONS IN MASSES.\"\n\nBefore the 18s of Wight Bench, when\n\nfrom it will, so t are told, caly uffice for a tener was summoned for a bicach or bition soule te arison must be the regulations quic under the deplete considered the shore of the weds of the tion of Animal Aet by failing to ghiuping of this great port, which shoul\n\nfor six days a pedigeen belt brough\n\nhe supplied entheis from the metuland. from the Channel Islausts, the saticito Therefore in my pins the progressive for the defence ploaded genovace of the\n\ncveiremeal of the Stang Mun scherplations\n\nformed of each regulations, and had to to\n\nand back at the unisces posted up. The\n\nstage by atage it probably do no more the clerk of the juices (Mr John than zopple the growing needs of the Parte!) said be and others who had Inerther side of the Daibuer, especially studied the law all their lives were nos in\n\nif, La Bonn 26ay be the case, the supply to Kowloom is hy meter all over the pensule and rider mains are not ineist Fod opens. Eventually there would be nothing luppare fomi Sheng Mus for the and and, a pipe tine were new inid under the barbour, the real would\n\nhe said, was the evi of legislating y\n\nden rizical regulations. Everyone who\n\nhad anything to do with the law Joy\n\nbez statutes were pood, but under\n\nsome statutes power was given to the\n\ny be to compel the cousienrtion of Government departments to make regula\n\nthe second, third and further stages of signs which had to be inid on the table the Sheng Mne schein at an order date of the House of Commons, and it ne and hasten the day rhen water supplies objected to them within a certain perina additional to these in the Sheng Mung oras law. Those regulations ce valley would have to be frusted for the in auch masses that chose concerned entila waland. This is no erent of a wild not innke lisensices quainted wit imagination. My bontrahie bend. Mr.\n\nthen quickly.\n\nBird. has reminded us of the confident The chainman said the dnienian, wodd hopes entertained in 1938 that the con- a nod to simply ny a warning to straction of the Tyram-k reservoir avhers.\n\ni \n\nColei Binchors and asked for a loss Department He then called apon\n\njoi meney, but the eulonel Shought be re-i\n\ngold in the supposed Lord Sahton a pan whom he had seen being marched bebwa twn gendannen in the occupid feratfury, and concranitext his sus pitions to the Prefect, who advised the palier the poster, quick to rule that he was being closely watched, took taxicab to Ehe and there bed an express bound for Paris.\n\nCRICKET.\n\n0.8 40. \"A\". FONGKONG UNIVERSITY\n\nThe A. Salteran, K. T. Loke, A. Baker,\n\nThen, V. Enok, Hernani,\n\nThe following will present the Hong- og Rocker Clan in a wareh with the Horas Selitery on the Marina grand at geday: T. W. Suuthan, W. A. Nowra, Lord, Rankly,\n\n1. Wheeler, 1. Middleton Smith, L. &. R. Dunes, W.. Newman, and Nicbails. the\n\nON SALE,\n\nThis match w take pines tomorrow. I. Savaderson tenpr), White, 2. G\n\nthe Bongtong taiversity ground be sinning at 3.13 p.m.\n\nThe following will repavicur ¡C.8.C.C. A team:-J. H. N Palier inquiries show, however, that, (enplain), E. J. Harper, R. 8. W PA disapointed in one quarter, he runced on, T. W. Carr, C. Nara, T. 12. M ed in another, for during the train Pendered, R. C. Witchsti. R. G. Rober journey between Elne and Narbonne ke son, C. R. Sitey, T. Wastlake, and succeeded in borrowing on from a\n\nP. J. Neill Spanish priest who travested in the same\n\nCape W. Saters. o apartment. The mean is believed to be Bean, of whom the palies have\n\ndetailed des ription.\n\nFue match arranged for to-coorrow be-j tweea C.S.CC tat Team Hongkong Ist. Toast a decu cantalleù.\n\nBOEND VOLUMES of the HONGKONG WEEKLY PRESS, January to June,\n\nWith Isna, Price-$7.50.\n\n1995.\n\nOn male at the Hongkong Dresly Press Office,\n\nThink of \"Johnnie Walker\"\n\nwhen you think of whisky. Then you'll ask for 'Johnnie Walker' and get real whisky. a drop of it\n\nThere's not\n\nthat isn't guaranteed pure\n\nand mature.\n\nJOHNNIE WALKER\n\nGuaranteed the same quality throughout the world.\n\nBORN 1820-STILL GOING STRONG!\n\nAGENTS\n\nCALDBECK, MACGREGOR & Co. Ltd.\n\nSHANGHAI\n\nHONG KONG\n\nTIENTSIN\n\nJOHN WALZER & SONS, LTD., SCOTCH WHISKY DISTILLERS, KILMARNOCK, SCOTLAND.\n\nNORTHERN SITUATION.\n\nHANKOW THREATENED BY YAWG SEN.\n\nTHE COAL DISPUTE.\n\nTHE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, FRIDAY, NOVEMBER STA\n\nFAILINE OF FORLORN HOPES.\n\nIMPERIAL CONFERENCE.\n\nRIFORTS OF COMMITTEES TO BE\n\nCONSIDEREU\n\nBIG FORCES ADVANCING ON\n\nMOVING TOWARDS PEAGE.\n\nSHITISH WIRALESS SERVICE.)\n\nFULL SESSION TO-DAY.\n\nSRITIRO WIRELESS SERVICE. }\n\nBuasy, November 3rd.\n\nSOUTHERNERS.\n\nITHROTGE AR?!TEETH MOENCY.\n\nThe conference of delegatos, represent ing 3,000,000 members of Trailes' Cuions,\n\nRissy, November tvd.\n\nTo emble Ether progress to be medis\n\nRUSSIAN COMMUNIST\n\nCONFERENCE.\n\nTREND TOWARDS SOCIAL DEMO CRACY DENOUNCED.\n\n¡TERIZON REUTER'A AGENCY.]\n\nMoscow, November 4th,\n\nSeco Ordjoni Kidze los ben appoint. Led Chairman of the Contrshing Comain\n\n193.\n\nTERRIBLE MINE DISASTER IN AMERICA.\n\nSURFACE DROPS 809 FEET.\n\nFORTY LIVES LOST.\n\n[enerina's APERICAN SERVICE}\n\nHUANGHAL, November 4th.\n\nLeonsidered to-day he request of the with the work of the various cammirteesi sion of the Covinat Party teplacing i bois lves lo a large routine right suites According to Star Chuan Fang's local Mines Federation fe fusosial assist the taperiat Conternen will not meet in Kalbyahef\n\nheadquarters, General Yang Sex 18 making rapid wegiese tonnvés flankum with a lores el 90, Fr is reported that re has reached an understanding with the military corianders of Heh\n\nThe comlined strength of the various trongs advancing against the Raemiatang amin forena ia catiupted at 20,000\n\nThe Situation on the Yangisse. According to musaoge from Kiukiang, though the Allied tips drove the\n\nance by News of a compulsory jerk,\n\nMe J. H. Thorous, ex-Minister and\n\n30\n\n7\n\nCHINESE ASPIRATIONS.\n\nAN ATTEMPT TO DEFINE THEM.\n\nBRITISH POLICY.\n\nFa a letter to The Times, a writer, who signe himwility Years of Caikas,\"\n\nWhat, seus time to ask, are \"tha legitimer asjárations of the Chinese Isamuse, Michigan, Nov 4th.\n\n¦ people' of which pro hour so much and Vorry mlaers are believed to have beat often, and which, sweeling to a re\n\nsoluzioa paared sareena terring of the Trades Trion Congress, curIn- sway as a rendi of a cove in. A sectionering policy? is supposed to obstruer\n\nt. is possible to answer this question of the sune lice, onsdag of worriedly a coisery but the great mess in! sessing and Friday morning, when\n\nThe Pan Russian Commemat Conier-\n\nground top fear by mi feil 600 feet to of me Cheese page. Their sole aspisa made of the National Tadon of Railway for representation will be considered\n\nsuch emporte of committees as are ready unce opelnded with wanimous resul\n\nthe fat level with an eerie sucking thed | tion certainty legs the cHEAT- men, declared that a compulsory levy was\n\ntrot, wenotneing the oppositiona and the watch was beant les arand. Shaeon of the ferville suderings y hue Considerable progress was made so-day drift towards a Social Demersey, and and mud and varer Sueded the entire euynes ter tin past hve years or\n\ncauteed at the landa of their \"Teltow ona of the question. He pointed out the boys sinaveial burden which the cos\n\nin the exambation of the intricate preemplaatsing its detonation to preserve level, and B. is feared that all mace of mine. A catalogue of these, could it be doppage had placed on this Railwayman's atity by the comsister interested with\n\nblens cotueruing questions vi matice-party unity and u erosh attempus to escape han born a så gi\n\nand other enjeun. The appeal by Mr. A. J. Cook and that subjen, and at the meeting of the\n\nwoher authors' leaders for a compulsory\n\nkonomie Committee matters moder von.\n\nlevy fo on mmpathetic cars and, in weluded taxation of so- Cantonese invaders into Kiangsi. they eventually, an acceptable compromise was through agente or Erwaches and the\n\nresidens trading in the Dovdivos | also have suffered heavily, pan wifound in a revolution which was moved tiability of the State enterprises to of the report regarding the Chrkiang by the Speetary of\n\nthe Instributive\n\nvoi. the Allied Comunnacle parpesny Workers' Coinus. This proposed that the 1xation.\n\nmade his men conontrate slong the Nas werber of the Dales' Unions, who are i chang-Kinking railway lin, for fene that they might be threatened with out-\n\nThe General Counnil of the Trades' Tuiee Congress afterwards issued a state-\n\neffort to achizibute. Ject asking monists to make a special\n\nThe Committes of Price Micleers\n\nEGYPT-INDIA AIR SERVICE.\n\nAVCCESSZOR DEMONSTRATION\n\nFLIGHTS.\n\nworking, should contribute volastalls further considered the problem of inter-\n\nImpovial inlations, and the diessaloni side agitation. Dostest of letting his 15 tkun cae penny per day for the\n\nsupport or the nicer. The Diebusive will be tuned at a meeting of the xroups chats the enemy, Marshal Sun is Workers Tao offered to start a volum\n\nCommiting tomorrow. only devoting hiwait to restoring enay Bud with a motributivo of £9,000; munications, cornogrcial, tepking and how its own resourses This compromise other organisation to their origiasi proposed was adopted. stales, as to win pazar laveur. On the other land. the mein Lady of the Aobwei ang under General Chew Ting Fnce, armbeslag some 12.000 strong she Wero maioned on the left bank of the tho river Yangiar, in co-operaion with aste 1,000 traps belonging in General Yeh Ka Hsin's Hunua seny, are in pures of the Cantores rongs who are provide stuetking over one shilling per by the Imperial Airways for this service\n\ntreating Hinge Mr. Chiang Tor Kus, penes delegate Irum Chokizug,\n\nchouid te in experimental operation be- it appears that at to day's weeting tween London Paris. in dimussing pace torus wile Levers felisy was distinty revealed 10\n\nThe Helca in the rac British pas Chiang Kai Sick, upon his retur debit if micers severe foucis center rachine specially designed for Kinklang, 4 is expedid that Marshal han will decide whether to continue Aghting or arckage for pracc.\n\nA LONDON COMMENT\n\n3. Pontley witing to The\n\nSupy day Word stude\n\nI am ready in confess bay of late bave given up reading about China, and mi the power lime have hot the foun ides what is happening there.\n\nI am quite willing to belive dat is hades of fellow creatures are going Lhrough crisis, and the the fie of the whole world as be found up with the present history of Chies\n\nDay there are so many replicated prises, with which the fate of the world is bend up, so they alces we proted ourselves sonelow we shall never bove\n\nCent's peace of mind\n\neroato sectional strife\n\n...wix.com\n\nTRAGIC DISCOVERY.\n\nMR. A. BRUNNER AND WIFE FOUND DEAD.\n\nLONDON. FOrember sth.\n\n127\n\nU.S. ELECTIONS.\n\n-----\n\nNew York. November pad, TheWols are grea\n\nheartoned with the means of the New York State referentem where a 110,500 resjority Mr. Rogens Brunner, ex Chairman of ze seca State to determine what per | tavoured u request but Congress Jobaran\n\nBrunner, Mond and Company, surt bis centan of alcohol is inensleting. An wife have been found shot dead in their almost idential proposal augears to have house at Korbampton.\n\nbeco prased by Mhaois bg a large sunjos ity, walio Wis.outin favoured 2.75 per FRENCH PLEA FOK US. MURDERERS.\n\nplashed wade generally known, woulé sertainlysingi humanity, a qu k is by no means to the credit of those who must have been til along well acquainted with the farts that He or nothing has been heard of them.\n\nThe aspirations of the merchants and Puell trades-a very large clasanay condently be used as jenna good govemment Lowever detained is the ehvoistances savely a legitimate. leylan, aspiration.\n\nThe aspirations of the principal actors of the tragedy that is being presented to the world by China and of the ioul vefeed chans the hoids the front of the stage, composed of politicians, diplomatists.\n\ncent, aner by two to one. The isa at 2, and audents, are de complex, always so dear in ather Stales and define them here. The most and no attempt car he made io sort theni Bunty voting on the medicationincere au rend various to be lumi the law showed a wet trend. Tropin this class pld, however, it demo repeat the present State laws enter having their aspirations seamed up A norcher of distinguished mebers of prohibition were apparently carried in the vertsnational dependenes\n\nPARIS, Noriber 4th.\n\nto\n\nTile\n\nRetar, November th A series of darmonstration Aights by a An experienced į De Havilland Hevents three-engines air- un on layder patiated that even if a thead which will operate on the new six her bare cameź the right to tive hy working unionista quatribaled one penny cute from Egypt to India were carried fiving rails fuas of execation for five per lay only th0,000 per week weidi bejut yesterday. By the end of new years, aviiside for the miners. This wou week The first of five machines ordered\n\nTHE PLOT AGAINST SPAIN,\n\nTRAISE FOR FRENCH POLICE,\n\nNO BRITISHERS INVOLVED.\n\nLeros, November 3rd. A furiber essage from Perpignan, exklatance from other unions they muallack in the trapies, nad a noticeable that alloguer Sparish and Italian mostly the former have begu - be prepared to accept the ambition of the fextare is the special arra gements Gade rested onion in connertion with coal dispute as suggested 15 the Prades for the comfest of poesengers. Not only\n\nthe Spanish plat. Con Congress as representing those is the cnbir waliloted at a greater exure British, e was at Erst stated,\n\nElection earle 264 Sone of those arrested suggested\n\nthe Paris bar bare signed an appeat to California ad Mouting wile Favela\n\noverwhelmingly voted for a resolation only, & legitinute in a very laudable the United States against the expertos encumeing de present federal law and\n\ncbject of aspiration.\n\nPossibly the T.L.C. and a great, any of Sacco and Vanzetti, They point out deadede e apendress of\n\nother persons as well wit be surprised Cantul Sterns Constirution regards to less that the national independence thek even the Americas judges are int ernhibition Missouri al Colorado ap\n\nof the Chinese people bus from the very sure of their gul, and even guilty.pear to have led down measures in first been one fine principal objeers of\n\n2 the morifiration of the State law.\n\nBibel policy, and that the so called LATER. \"uceque beates of 1801-models of Belated election retains indieste a re- moderation and good will-wore bamed dacties of six and 13 respectively in the carefully to interfece as ele as possible Republican ajrity in the Redste aval with China's covereign rights and to ca House of Representatives. alay sents courage bei ndicals and people to tread are still in the ballot and i the Deaerata be one wh that could pensione less hu capture a few core the western Repub-indeperasuste. Buevey, is the ba Bean urgents, ied by the Wiannokin coutrageglible Int, to be verbied by any grow of which the late Sepstor La Lane who takes the trouble to glady who Folette was leader, will undoubtedly be history of our relations with China. in a strong strategic position, by holding Unfortunately, it gestas to hyve been the balance busween the Demorats autorgattan not by Chinese statesmen and the orthodox Repu>Ticana\n\ndelunatists alone that sovereignty\" Latest Figures.\n\nCalot be confereed by a magician's wand, or ever by u Washington Conier New York. November 4 ence is our state to be enjoyed, but a\n\navailable show fandtion to the expreised. Mercins, Dai the next Serace be composed of deed, mamed it only to the Wise and #7 Detrocrats, one of the Parser Labore | Benevolent Water! Turky, 48 Repathesne, whereof eight are\n\ninsurgents, ad bence thorns To the i The French podion are being honored dech of the Amulsation Six sela\n\nweek for each wirer sad on strike.\n\nthe\n\nunions Disforöuation was expressed to tent than usoni, bor a special sir scoopi belp the wires to preing an unpreât is provided which Altera sir for din adio struggle. Ja London in 15 generally catatan: Marwughout the lateries.\n\nbelieved that the Conference will be con-\n\nCredit for Polica.\n\n| \n\nPn. November d\n\n| wills credit. Für fromvating lous of the is the Honee are duabital bat hitherto most entermined punish evolutionary the Replicas bure a more tears than\n\nand for their teed until\n\nsiderably tolesced by the failure of the EARL. BEATTY'S RESIGNATION 618 For hutched on French territory the Doucurals,\n\nforlorn hopes of the miners leaders,\n\nnuts, regarding the crcburgo ou servign i\n\nPOSTPONED,\n\nBrgey, November 4th.\n\nthe itapliunted non more salely within\n\nthe Le The conspiracy is attributed\n\nin a Cnts ex-Dopyty named Macia.\n\ncost and the compulsory lexy and by the East Beauty who has been Fiza Sawhoy however, caped. The arrested men plain weaking at to-day's craterence. 1\n\nLoud of the Advising and Chief of concertedly attempted 10 sayape when im\n\nInfantry was dented in to mount guard.\n\nis arassidered highly probauls that Winore Nasal Staf siree November, 151, has tied in Phun trap dalyahaw of Our dirilisation has produced so any\n\nFoxerulivo will senk authority to connivade | expreazeri kis desire to be allowed to le Similar Senegade Tailleurs wHIS TO disorders, from weleer to courtoiss which these its \"ery existence that, a settlement on the bush forms that can sign office on complaing a period of\n\nnidecod, baffed, wise to see the uhtalked in districts with the safe - civilization for the Bandos, we hostin\n\ngeintioned at\", Parpagena to control thep imprisona) there, who were revolt\n\nSOUTH AFRICA-INDIAN\n\nCHINA AND THE TREATICS.\n\nNAKIPO THE MOST OF GENEVA,\n\nThe Geneve\n\nthe Forrespondent of Hugging Fest states that Belgiumie ap- per to the Hugue Court against China's quilatere donandiation of the nuequal Customs Fronty daỡng bon 139 wil m no way jafurice Pekang's decision tu maka ben action cortive from Velour 27th at prevent the denunciation of the Spanish and fortuguese treaties later in the year and other une jou treaties as saur as the six wonths' denunciation\n\nto me by Wang King Ky, the Chinese Minister In Bruznets.\n\nEurocan cRITER'S AGENCI\n\nTHE NEW BETTING TAX-\n\nBOYCOTT BY BOOKMAKERS.\n\nPICKET SYSTEM THREAT.\n\nLONDON, November 3rd. There was practically no business in Weating so day, and consequently it was impossible to turn any starting prices. According to Wang, Chien wil: javuke\n\nis is understood that this was due to\n\na boycost of Belgia gucds it themsets the fat that buckmbuers are unable toetuse lo sgiate Customs at and agree ang themselves haw Die betting reciprocat inri fronties along the lines\n\nA geais ated in the reynolic asing on the greani of the unsuitability of Tattoreult's Ming as the Windsor Rave Perise aries. This net was unle Glen shrug our shoulden, out of sheer self-guarding provision lec national privriples. the maximan ing which an officer will the food. Defence\n\nThis, adiy, is for antlement angested in rescined on the Board of the Ad- If we parties in shrugging everything out of dar attention, we shall en bis the Trades Brion Congress. The miraty except a sprint elryumstances. withous abonlines to ghrag, but some granding of auch authorisation by The bay however commented, so the request things, such as (for me) Clška, must be iamisted in the riot of staying we\n\nPolagate tonference woul se an inport of the l'inst Lord, a defer bia vesigns. that we call the world.\n\nant intve towards prese. GENERAL CHIANG KAI SHEK.\n\nDEATH AGAIN REPORTED.\n\nLatest Developments.\n\ntion.\n\nNATIONAL FINANCE, SPRCIAL COMMUNTRE'S FINDINGS.\n\nCose\n\nof treaties already noncladed\" with Gor many and Autria. The British treaties anies be denom.sed legally for eight years, bat Wang believes that credm.\n\nThe\n\nthar\n\nThe incidence of existing tesañon with special aminion conferees at the luneseen. The bet the police piloted him to safety with of the world.\"]\n\nCOAL STOPPAGE AND LIFE ASSURANCE.\n\nACTION BY THE PRUDENTIAL.\n\nPROBLEM.\n\ntax Redd be applied. The altitude of PROSPECTS OF GETELEMENT.\n\n[başkaskers vulndning from oftering prices was gonerally condemned, and ibe Lenox, Novemùre Srd.\n\nopinion was freely expingsed that their We need have no fear of those difi-ion is making the strangest posible tamee wilt serant of abregation before enities or evenally befog antiled to GY, November 4th.\n\nFor the Satroad jau the satisfaction of the one to the other.\n\nterafiarto, Considerable innvortance attacles to\n\nGeneral Herzog, speaking at lun-\n\nMeaza hile. A is evident that Chinese the Miners Delegais Conferemer in holly\n\nWe Want the Wato.\" Seen in Lendos go-üny giver By the Br\n\najataşıman one seaking the most of their SHANODAL, Necember 4th. dou -day and strong hops, restrained Marshal San Chusn Farer's form head-only by the manory of pue disappoiti\n\nBrors, Novezier 4th. uish fudian Buion in the Indian de\n\nL352. ajestien og the Leagur Council. They will quarters have received a faspatch from mente, entertained hot at Set the British system of National furco has Margas of Bouding persided.\n\nAn exhuastive examination of the gates of the Imperial Coulrease. The There is a grong disposition as the vas ienova js a publicity centre, vuiting\n\nmoment, aming the booktankers in Putter į the azue unday Article is of the Core Marahel stafing that the Superin way all be clenged for a puzon effort, tendent of the Aurican Mission les The main out for decision is the date the chainauship of Lord Colwyn The\n\nDuw been coaj leted by a committes urner The function was notable, as being calle Ring to stay away pliogether from ant. mai dertzog's first appearance at i now Windsay Jomorrow. Using the stone | According to dis article of the Coven- pital at Changsha resta essure to the gates will free their exentive finance Caiutee was t Amican Copen at Nanking on October ariesiona and power in to proused in\n\noc by Mr. Philip South African function, while his queeri steps of the staed as a rostrum sproval at the Assemby may from the to Snowder, who was then Chancellby of was noteworthy we the test subiely aggrieved bookmakers halangued the time use the reconeidéention to mera- S to the affect thay General Ching sonich of a sectieraons along the lives the exliegues to February 1994 and its indication feren anyone inside the red and from bets by drifted to burs of the League of treaties which have Fai Shek had died from wounds.\n\nangusted by the Frado Union Congress, terms of incedenes were to rotate and Conference of the faanly froling strong | polities with violens petsons on Mr. Win become inapplicable, and the considere. There is no question of the Conference report on the National Debt and the the conferens,\n\nFurthermore, General sing Churchill. One man who shouted ties of antineliopal conditions where BRITISH PROPERTY DESTROYED\n\nwing specifig patce temps.\n\n\"We Esans to be decried is whether the excreference to their egg on brade, indus\n\nHerring was the sole representative of the Fe want the Tote \"jut a roug's sime dispostimages wight endanger the peace IN HUNAN.\n\nshat Le Sudorised in by for a try, oplosment, and National credis.arquis of Reading, in a speech, wanbly no hum done. AP.C. BUILDING BURNED DOWN.tries, and whether such autherias. It is undergo that the cum titles med Gotural Herizon\n\nfun. if garsed, shall be conditional\n\nBookmakers' Organise Bogenot. dindings are embodied in too reports entirely wrihout restriction.\n\nGeneral Hortzog's Speech, LATRA. which will shortly be handed to the A division of opinion is hely but the Choreitor of the bandoquer,\n\nGeneral Fartzog, regtrias, canplssied It is now resised that the action of deleges are bed with the knowledge The newapapers state that the majority\n\nthol vryne of clase contact in ravoving the hackmakes at Windsor, which thew that any attempt to renew the demand report deals with the gezocal ducis (endersienbuch, presie and hicker the whole carration of holding in a for calling out the safety me or for system in a way that is in nerd witheria) Cuntrance, lure the delegaces to organisal boyants, and acom of there\n\nvandstill throughout the county, was The Prudential Assurance Company ings. That was why he ngareciated the widge\n\nnorances that, \"Bubject to certain easy and secusly accepted pripsiplex, and Sark rentact giving the uneasy or threatened that his would be costumed conditions, policy holdiers au have the thet veldrags Gatsibutions of trade commends unly minor alterations and\n\nnoisy will not alone exabin the dis-djustments the existing methods GẼ deurs and anderstanding. He added to the end of the dat soon wates the arrears of preuvame the base accuupa-\n\nBIAA South Afries and die were try- froth to be cenzused with any hopes of textian 14 minted that the fluding ing to come into closer contact. They is exported at Tattersall's at Winter to-\n\nBax is favouerbiy altered. No okiakerated during unemployment resulting success. Yesterday nearly ons roure by the majority will not, in the existing had had considerable diferences in the grow, while it 24 uuderstool one on their industrial branch policies, from the coal dispune deducted from the dus went back to work, the biggest freinstances, reveamend the inposi-past, but he was convinced that with, single day heat for some tion, and there ton of a capital lovy, but will declare better fual understanding they would publie not to eate thongs Heel of the payments already mute, or suffer, picket system will be organised to induce fustend of heving, forfeit horsfé THE ILL-FATED \"KIANGYUNG.ed with 256,000 a week ago, and 16.000 taxation. is success, however, must de\n\nnow in the pits over 2,000 corpur- that it is a practicat ethed of seducing he appared to mel oue Juncher's re-me en helt or will be held as a reduction in the capital amount of anouth o The miners employed\n\naaghout the entry, appending for read largely or its general acceptance General Hering was boudly cheered today,\n\nfor the etion of the Windsor Before the dispute numbered 1,and evő by the Nation, mat as a potiosi creed when he made the remark noted at\n\nIn a fasacial expedia.\n\nbeginning. He concluded la hoping that\n\nOBITUARY.\n\ndiving the sermainder of their library ARMISTICE DAY IN LONDON.\n\nthey would contine u the happy spiri in which M. Baldwin and the Dominion} Gelegentes had been getting oa at the Con- ferenze, Whers they looked one another face to face and had not been afraid in connection with the anniversay in say what they wanted in\n\nsay Aristine Play next Thursday, which, as\n\n(Applause.) Ja former years will be celebrated roughout 12 fixpire y religious ser. Mr. A. J. Cock has nude the state- vices and the observance of two minots!\n\nSHANOR November 4th. A message received her From Changsh states that the Asiatic Petroɔlepa Com- pany's property at Packing has been brut dewn Also that Messrs. Butter- feld And Swim's property at Changra\n\nve been deatroyed,\" and that soms Wesleyan mizzinecies at Linyang have\n\nem faced to deadpate\n\nAll the awna mentioned chore are in the occupation of Southero troops.\n\nCOMPENSATIOS DEMANDED\n\nw! bo Funile,\n\nABOHAN RECTER'S AGENCY. piy boatsion is AvoidaÄ\n\nJDON, November 3rd.\n\nMarshal Son Chaan Prag is the re ripient of telegrama Tozs the Chis Merchants' Secor Navigation Compeny asking comprenantion for She loss of their\n\n6 appears that the Unions decided vessel, the Kinoguey, which went, done will: 12 hops af Kinking After only to permend and not to ingor Longon coinde n momiantion, she was in levy, because the non-payment of s comptiary by would eutui penalties energing, explored).\n\nLATAR.\n\nHron, November 4th. the last erremony in Whitehall, Louien, Avrangements are now coupleted for\n\nThe angry was coemendered in the stripe of the dis-affiliation of the Ly Suo's troops and the steamship you. Taions not felting the instruction.\n\nas officials requear him to inquire into the actual uning of the futafity. There was a crew of 118 men on road of whichment that the Mind Executive bussenes Accerpanied by the Prince of only were resoned and the company never diesed the question of district Wales, the Duke pants arch starked for the torped of settlements, which thes the remaining se who are believed Josongor honis. and proper wapensation made to the vie is families. They also requnal, in the telegram, th your other of their hips, comorandzerest by Mitula troops,\n\nreipt:S],\n\nhe\n\ngubamunpre\n\ninsur the re-emering employment the policy- holders will. azider the scheme, have his Reggars reduced to four weeks, and wil only have to meet the regular weekly payments; the outstanding balance will BISHOP OF ST, DAYIDE.\n\nbe covered by a suitable deduction to be (made when à clain ansee In the rase The death is announced of the Bishop of a with profit policy this deduction will of St. David's, the Right Rev. John made, noi frain the sum assured, but Usen\n\nGum the bons thereon, and no the huit The Right Rev. John Owen, M.A., bad of the insurances isped by the Pradentind bear Bistry of St. huvida ei.co 1867. me of this description, the vane of the He was born in 1854. And was thus 72 coomon cannot, it is oicially stated, years of age. He was an Oxford scholar. be over-estimated. The deduction can He was ordained Desuon in 1879, Priest, be vanilovi by a silabic payment at 16; Walsh Professor and Classica Loe any time before a claim arises. turer at St. David's College. Lampeter, It pointed on that most of those 1679 Warder and Headmaster of affected by the coal drupate will ron Llandovery College, 1985 $8; Dean of St. work under a heavy burden of kahffity, 4pl, 185 68; racial of St David'sant that lets of the Pedential will College, Lamuser; Cason of 6. Asaph, rethze that the way has been made\n\neasy for them to maintain their policies. i loze.\n\nTHE ATTACK ON MUSSOLINI.\n\nWAS WRONG MAN LYNCHED: York and other wen meutered the Royal Family; the King will\n\nPants, November ul. lng a wreath at the Cenotaph and wil be\n\nA vemarkable statement is mache in present daring the brief service that will\n\na tieuna telagenas to the Paria Widi that be endented there. Surrounding the the boy Zumboni was not the real asi Menotaph will be representative detachant of Msanii but that he was yached\n\ntents of the Eighting services, Mercantile when he was frightened by the aid of 1999-97; when he was mised to th Slatine, and ex-Servicemen,\n\nthe shot and trier to Ben.\n\nBishopvie. I\n\nNearly 800,00 Miners at Work,\n\noxnoy, November 3rd.\n\nA total of 290,67 ders am working, I to-day.\n\nTHE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 5FR, 1926\n\nTHE BUDGET PASSED (CONTD.).\n\nTHE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 5th, 1926\nTHE BUDGET PASSED (CONTD).\nPage 3\n\nyaw open he deducted from the total\n\nwould place Hongkong in und danger of a water famine for fleen gewes\n\nLust of the Department is will be seen reset. Yet, won ave years of the that the department costs only about $200,000 per un to run, apart from the salaries of use we cadet others in the department and on or two metibars\n\nsuccessful construction of that reservoir Hongkong was agus confromed ly water shortage sa ne costred also in the earlier pars if this year, i think the\n\nof the cleries) stali which are provided jeovision is inevituste Lant Dere is for leewhow. y Honous la friend by Nature herself the\n\nBOGUS DIPLOMAT.\nFREL MOTOR-CAR TOUR.\nACTING FOR PRINCE OF WALES,”\nPARI\n\nÁn dadarions series of frauds by a minu\n\n1926.\n\nFOOTBALL.\nCLUR DE RECREIO Is XI.\nS.C.A.4. 1st XI.\nTeams representing these Caly will et in tegne match at the Regrou's who represented himself as a member afgrond, King's Park, tomonow, kick-off the staff of the British Embassy clituged\n\nand a special mission ou half at the The Reevein's team is as follows:-M Prince of Wales, a nursed by the Per M. da Silva. W t\n\npiguen prependant of the Bha de taptain), CF iteraedius. A Atlas\n\nRUGBY,\nFL.R.F.C. * ENGINERE ARTIFICERS.\nThere will be a catch between these teams at the Royal Navy ground, King's Pack, Kowloon, to-morras. Kick-off. 4\n\nP.201\n\nThe following have been selected to play for the Chi Laotiert, Liatr\n\nBlairisgley and Trages; Morrison, Ler\n\nPuree Using the are of Lord Remedios, A. V. Remedios, 12. P. Xavier, i aui Miline (cnplain), Póster, M. Smith,\n\nHOCKEY.\nTODAY'S GAMES.\nPage 4\n\nThe following will represent the Univer\n\nhis story opted without the east susen, J. Lira captu). C. Figueiredo, de Recio coday at 5.15 p.n on the Treinb and English perivetly, he found Perunades, L. A. Gomes, C. d'Assmagsity is hockey match against Ch\n\nthe cal authorities. whu Bonce, A. F. Carvalho. Ruza Pereira, University football groundA. A. Ariz 19 pisin Pion in\n\nto give oxset Agaces in answer to the rather itan is Hongalisios of father lend this disposal a motor car. in A. J. Mauris L. A. da Roche, and B. fraptains, Dr. F. X. Ashton, Lim Pon\n\noptain 4 fire seine anal 45,000 rounds of these pastilities are now being in damagnitions. 57,000 contraband cigavestigated. reites 3,500 gallons of spirits and 6,600 ons of danger, dings were seized during is shows the need for an eða tive piramontina utait. Moreover the pre- ventive staff deals wis the investigation officiell optare divans which one volves a very large arent of work on a careful consiferation of the facts think my Honourable end will agree that the tatt is not sxessive for the work which hay to be dozn\n\n3u puticular one pateabai marceir hệ un perivased ospunity or gan pillinn gations has been located and it is al euiated that the wat of wenst vetag i would be a greater than the cost of the pepe linn under the harbour ae designed by the Consulting Engineers Weght also to devise ones como sing our tresh water supplies in Hongkong by asing mắt water on the low towels for Bntly, chets wi no doubt have\n\nsabinge, streef-cleaning, fire-aging and generally for non-potable perposes, Coticed one very serious mission from his rasite is likewise under lige Toy remarks, his ouission is intentional ice and I trust that before long 1 may ae Your Havelienes has informed me thassle to lay the table of this you will senrself deal with the very im vertant question of the waer supply for\n\nVeure a sossinust paver giving foli in forms for on every aspecs of der water\n\nTHE BUDGET PASSED\n1. THE GOVERNOR SUMS UP.\nEducation.\nOn the subject of euation I wil only already sail that, situated add to what the Colonis Sourctary has\n\nA.E. TA GOTUPNO id: My cordial thanks ne both to the atheist and to the uncial arembers of this Council; for ne ne ant eare which they have: devoted the consideration of the the whole world and the initiation of the budget. My dead is greatest to the spinally Buxlish loy-serot and gir gode Colonial Secretary, who has had no ingredients wing mar oy There shows pains in preparing in expouedag and in\n\nthat in ufucational matters a vitalizing\n\nHongong, woney spent by ss u odana. rice is of the etenst value to British 24 terests in China. Tug is en dra of ad- yertisement and propagands. Partin not good at advartizu artelves and; ly or unfortunately, we, as people, are we are very under propagands. But the public schools sad the aniversities of the United Kingdom are the additating ar\n\ndefending the apply Bill, and whes, sales stil goes out from England 1 am so the whole Council will agree, amly believe that, it we can savesstuhy has discharged a dilbicult task with cun. geois ability thun seo auch the spirit of the British patule saboris and alvidare ete Horakung something of Indented te the cat members vereittes, we shall de more for dish their helpfat criticism and to ihove official interesis in Chica yłem ten possibly be pembery who have taken part in the relieved in any other war Eduentib Rebate for repping to this aritivist, of couraz, le padneted en sourd tuly t bare is Strie Jek Joy me to lines and a political propaganda Gust excluded ont euz adura- on which I propone la rough, parents thus tional i Colony's water supply and the subject of education\n\na. There arŋ, in fet, only two poists !.bs natuiiishraeus. Tsui, subirer to\n\nColony's Water Supply.\nEver since I that loow Henging, woes The quarter of a century go, the in sutticiuc of the Colony's water supp has been a cause for anxiety, can weit remember the days when tied r\n\nsheet prozigos, am convinced list the moncy we spend on advention is a very good arstiteat, and I are glad ir los from the speech of the Senior Chinese Miscber that he and his colleague In\n\nut grutee it.\n\nI now own to the Cancil the motion,\n\nwhich has aireury hem mover and\n\ntonement house iu o ting Forgatseaded, tant de supply Bill be read a\n\ncime of note water shortage and hud, segond time.\n\nto setu my zerranis with backets dow\n\nto Praga, where they\n\nsterd in a\n\nqueue to get water iron lots which brought it across the bay bots from Wai Lamb uns cu the malaland.\n\ntherefore with every apathy for the Glumus mau ibnet the levels\n\nflo. Bir Husa Peursex: May I spea MD Arun of the pointe which have been i red.\n\nILE. THE Veason: I am afraid go Caszob allow it.\n\nThe Standing Onies do aut\n\nHongkong and with invaderiar•Ung Hon. Sa Hay PoiLock has been\n\nof dieir male a ruladatos doring & the ecco in this Council to ready to water facing the 2 have studied tre matters raised in the outs of rhodit. proposal to ask the island dependantcussion.\n\nthe miniland for much of its water\n\nR.E. THE GRENOU. The Bavel may\n\nonce on the second reading of a Bill Conado has a right to mene more tran\n\nYna y pesk us say then you ke\n\nthe Committee stage.\n\ncools. Let me, however, fest consider as the edit to reply. No member of this matter from the point of new of kowison. I am convinse the years come, awing paully to the limitatione which Natone has rapused on Hory- Rong a partly to the advantages which\n\nThe Hill was icy read a second time, Naturn hus bektared upon Konon, Tue\n\nComan went in sanilia to on- grcatat portion of the Cabay'a popun Bon will hats the uainland ather then sider the Oil viure la dise and Ha The wows-planning shoe Hey Fobock then raised a center of and the Farlane development sideme for\n\nquestions which were unsered by H Kowloon Invs then prepared vety wizely The Govezo nd other ricmbers of\n\non a generava scale and 36 s mrahornell. No amenduents were made to able that in future yes the norther the Bin Custee and opon Couteil alores of our barbour wil e jahached rowing,\n\nay & population ci Feiller JROTH The Cowaru SeCESTARY Moved the Chinese ani thar there will be residences third reading.\n\na aing the slopes of the Kowie The BOLONIAL Turns seconded and ange, and especially as its castern end, the Bii was read rd time and sumers as in the Peak Distric.passed.\n\nThe populata of the Colony has in the E. Tap overrun thurk hour. Pas crease at a phenomenat rate andante buombers very airvurely for the there is n voron why it should not evi-\n\nVision they have made for best year.\n\ntinue to do so in the fetare. I bax Courel and adjourned zinc đen,\n\ndoabled during the past ten years Now\n\nwe are a present only completing the\n\nfast plage of the Sheng Mun rabicy ivatar corts scheme. Hat when that\n\nsebeme has heretter been developed to\n\nla y capacity\n\nthe water supply\n\nREGULATIONS IN MASSES.\"\nBefore the 18s of Wight Bench, when\n\nfrom it will, so t are told, caly uffice for a tener was summoned for a bicach or bition soule te arison must be the regulations quic under the deplete considered the shore of the weds of the tion of Animal Aet by failing to ghiuping of this great port, which shoul\n\nfor six days a pedigeen belt brough\n\nhe supplied entheis from the metuland. from the Channel Islausts, the saticito Therefore in my pins the progressive for the defence ploaded genovace of the\n\ncveiremeal of the Stang Mun scherplations\n\nformed of each regulations, and had to to\n\nand back at the unisces posted up. The\n\nstage by atage it probably do no more the clerk of the juices (Mr John than zopple the growing needs of the Parte!) said be and others who had Inerther side of the Daibuer, especially studied the law all their lives were nos in\n\nif, La Bonn 26ay be the case, the supply to Kowloom is hy meter all over the pensule and rider mains are not ineist Fod opens. Eventually there would be nothing luppare fomi Sheng Mus for the and and, a pipe tine were new inid under the barbour, the real would\n\nhe said, was the evi of legislating y\n\nden rizical regulations. Everyone who\n\nhad anything to do with the law Joy\n\nbez statutes were pood, but under\n\nsome statutes power was given to the\n\ny be to compel the cousienrtion of Government departments to make regula\n\nthe second, third and further stages of signs which had to be inid on the table the Sheng Mne schein at an order date of the House of Commons, and it ne and hasten the day rhen water supplies objected to them within a certain perina additional to these in the Sheng Mung oras law. Those regulations ce valley would have to be frusted for the in auch masses that chose concerned entila waland. This is no erent of a wild not innke lisensices quainted wit imagination. My bontrahie bend. Mr.\n\nthen quickly.\n\nBird. has reminded us of the confident The chainman said the dnienian, wodd hopes entertained in 1938 that the con- a nod to simply ny a warning to straction of the Tyram-k reservoir avhers.\n\ni \n\nColei Binchors and asked for a loss Department He then called apon\n\njoi meney, but the eulonel Shought be re-i\n\ngold in the supposed Lord Sahton a pan whom he had seen being marched bebwa twn gendannen in the occupid feratfury, and concranitext his sus pitions to the Prefect, who advised the palier the poster, quick to rule that he was being closely watched, took taxicab to Ehe and there bed an express bound for Paris.\n\nCRICKET.\nCRICKET.\n0.8 40. \"A\". FONGKONG UNIVERSITY\n\nThe A. Salteran, K. T. Loke, A. Baker,\n\nThen, V. Enok, Hernani,\n\nThe following will present the Hong- og Rocker Clan in a wareh with the Horas Selitery on the Marina grand at geday: T. W. Suuthan, W. A. Nowra, Lord, Rankly,\n\n1. Wheeler, 1. Middleton Smith, L. &. R. Dunes, W.. Newman, and Nicbails. the\n\nON SALE,\n\nThis match w take pines tomorrow. I. Savaderson tenpr), White, 2. G\n\nthe Bongtong taiversity ground be sinning at 3.13 p.m.\n\nThe following will repavicur ¡C.8.C.C. A team:-J. H. N Palier inquiries show, however, that, (enplain), E. J. Harper, R. 8. W PA disapointed in one quarter, he runced on, T. W. Carr, C. Nara, T. 12. M ed in another, for during the train Pendered, R. C. Witchsti. R. G. Rober journey between Elne and Narbonne ke son, C. R. Sitey, T. Wastlake, and succeeded in borrowing on from a\n\nP. J. Neill Spanish priest who travested in the same\n\nCape W. Saters. o apartment. The mean is believed to be Bean, of whom the palies have\n\ndetailed des ription.\n\nFue match arranged for to-coorrow be-j tweea C.S.CC tat Team Hongkong Ist. Toast a decu cantalleù.\n\nBOEND VOLUMES of the HONGKONG WEEKLY PRESS, January to June,\nWith Isna, Price-$7.50.\n\n1995.\n\nOn male at the Hongkong Dresly Press Office,\n\nThink of \"Johnnie Walker\"\nwhen you think of whisky. Then you'll ask for 'Johnnie Walker' and get real whisky. a drop of it\n\nThere's not\n\nthat isn't guaranteed pure\n\nand mature.\n\nJOHNNIE WALKER\n\nGuaranteed the same quality throughout the world.\n\nBORN 1820-STILL GOING STRONG!\n\nAGENTS\n\nCALDBECK, MACGREGOR & Co. Ltd.\n\nSHANGHAI\n\nHONG KONG\n\nTIENTSIN\n\nJOHN WALZER & SONS, LTD., SCOTCH WHISKY DISTILLERS, KILMARNOCK, SCOTLAND.\n\nNORTHERN SITUATION.\nHANKOW THREATENED BY YAWG SEN.\nTHE COAL DISPUTE.\nTHE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, FRIDAY, NOVEMBER STA\n\nFAILINE OF FORLORN HOPES.\nIMPERIAL CONFERENCE.\nRIFORTS OF COMMITTEES TO BE\nCONSIDEREU\n\nBIG FORCES ADVANCING ON\nMOVING TOWARDS PEAGE.\nSHITISH WIRALESS SERVICE.)\n\nFULL SESSION TO-DAY.\n\nSRITIRO WIRELESS SERVICE. }\n\nBuasy, November 3rd.\n\nSOUTHERNERS.\nITHROTGE AR?!TEETH MOENCY.\nThe conference of delegatos, represent ing 3,000,000 members of Trailes' Cuions,\n\nRissy, November tvd.\n\nTo emble Ether progress to be medis\n\nRUSSIAN COMMUNIST\nCONFERENCE.\nTREND TOWARDS SOCIAL DEMO CRACY DENOUNCED.\n¡TERIZON REUTER'A AGENCY.]\n\nMoscow, November 4th,\n\nSeco Ordjoni Kidze los ben appoint. Led Chairman of the Contrshing Comain\n\n193.\n\nTERRIBLE MINE DISASTER IN AMERICA.\nSURFACE DROPS 809 FEET.\nFORTY LIVES LOST.\n[enerina's APERICAN SERVICE}\n\nHUANGHAL, November 4th.\n\nLeonsidered to-day he request of the with the work of the various cammirteesi sion of the Covinat Party teplacing i bois lves lo a large routine right suites According to Star Chuan Fang's local Mines Federation fe fusosial assist the taperiat Conternen will not meet in Kalbyahef\n\nheadquarters, General Yang Sex 18 making rapid wegiese tonnvés flankum with a lores el 90, Fr is reported that re has reached an understanding with the military corianders of Heh\n\nThe comlined strength of the various trongs advancing against the Raemiatang amin forena ia catiupted at 20,000\n\nThe Situation on the Yangisse.\nAccording to musaoge from Kiukiang, though the Allied tips drove the\n\nance by News of a compulsory jerk,\n\nMe J. H. Thorous, ex-Minister and\n\n30\n\n7\n\nCHINESE ASPIRATIONS.\nAN ATTEMPT TO DEFINE THEM.\nBRITISH POLICY.\nFa a letter to The Times, a writer, who signe himwility Years of Caikas,\"\n\nWhat, seus time to ask, are \"tha legitimer asjárations of the Chinese Isamuse, Michigan, Nov 4th.\n\n¦ people' of which pro hour so much and Vorry mlaers are believed to have beat often, and which, sweeling to a re\n\nsoluzioa paared sareena terring of the Trades Trion Congress, curIn- sway as a rendi of a cove in. A sectionering policy? is supposed to obstruer\n\nt. is possible to answer this question of the sune lice, onsdag of worriedly a coisery but the great mess in! sessing and Friday morning, when\n\nThe Pan Russian Commemat Conier-\n\nground top fear by mi feil 600 feet to of me Cheese page. Their sole aspisa made of the National Tadon of Railway for representation will be considered\n\nsuch emporte of committees as are ready unce opelnded with wanimous resul\n\nthe fat level with an eerie sucking thed | tion certainty legs the cHEAT- men, declared that a compulsory levy was\n\ntrot, wenotneing the oppositiona and the watch was beant les arand. Shaeon of the ferville suderings y hue Considerable progress was made so-day drift towards a Social Demersey, and and mud and varer Sueded the entire euynes ter tin past hve years or\n\ncauteed at the landa of their \"Teltow ona of the question. He pointed out the boys sinaveial burden which the cos\n\nin the exambation of the intricate preemplaatsing its detonation to preserve level, and B. is feared that all mace of mine. A catalogue of these, could it be doppage had placed on this Railwayman's atity by the comsister interested with\n\nblens cotueruing questions vi matice-party unity and u erosh attempus to escape han born a så gi\n\nand other enjeun. The appeal by Mr. A. J. Cook and that subjen, and at the meeting of the\n\nwoher authors' leaders for a compulsory\n\nkonomie Committee matters moder von.\n\nlevy fo on mmpathetic cars and, in weluded taxation of so- Cantonese invaders into Kiangsi. they eventually, an acceptable compromise was through agente or Erwaches and the\n\nresidens trading in the Dovdivos | also have suffered heavily, pan wifound in a revolution which was moved tiability of the State enterprises to of the report regarding the Chrkiang by the Speetary of\n\nthe Instributive\n\nvoi. the Allied Comunnacle parpesny Workers' Coinus. This proposed that the 1xation.\n\nmade his men conontrate slong the Nas werber of the Dales' Unions, who are i chang-Kinking railway lin, for fene that they might be threatened with out-\n\nThe General Counnil of the Trades' Tuiee Congress afterwards issued a state-\n\neffort to achizibute. Ject asking monists to make a special\n\nThe Committes of Price Micleers\n\nEGYPT-INDIA AIR SERVICE.\nAVCCESSZOR DEMONSTRATION\nFLIGHTS.\nworking, should contribute volastalls further considered the problem of inter-\n\nImpovial inlations, and the diessaloni side agitation. Dostest of letting his 15 tkun cae penny per day for the\n\nsupport or the nicer. The Diebusive will be tuned at a meeting of the xroups chats the enemy, Marshal Sun is Workers Tao offered to start a volum\n\nCommiting tomorrow. only devoting hiwait to restoring enay Bud with a motributivo of £9,000; munications, cornogrcial, tepking and how its own resourses This compromise other organisation to their origiasi proposed was adopted. stales, as to win pazar laveur. On the other land. the mein Lady of the Aobwei ang under General Chew Ting Fnce, armbeslag some 12.000 strong she Wero maioned on the left bank of the tho river Yangiar, in co-operaion with aste 1,000 traps belonging in General Yeh Ka Hsin's Hunua seny, are in pures of the Cantores rongs who are provide stuetking over one shilling per by the Imperial Airways for this service\n\ntreating Hinge Mr. Chiang Tor Kus, penes delegate Irum Chokizug,\n\nchouid te in experimental operation be- it appears that at to day's weeting tween London Paris. in dimussing pace torus wile Levers felisy was distinty revealed 10\n\nThe Helca in the rac British pas Chiang Kai Sick, upon his retur debit if micers severe foucis center rachine specially designed for Kinklang, 4 is expedid that Marshal han will decide whether to continue Aghting or arckage for pracc.\n\nA LONDON COMMENT\n3. Pontley witing to The\n\nSupy day Word stude\n\nI am ready in confess bay of late bave given up reading about China, and mi the power lime have hot the foun ides what is happening there.\n\nI am quite willing to belive dat is hades of fellow creatures are going Lhrough crisis, and the the fie of the whole world as be found up with the present history of Chies\n\nDay there are so many replicated prises, with which the fate of the world is bend up, so they alces we proted ourselves sonelow we shall never bove\n\nCent's peace of mind\n\neroato sectional strife\n\n...wix.com\n\nTRAGIC DISCOVERY.\nMR. A. BRUNNER AND WIFE FOUND DEAD.\nLONDON. FOrember sth.\n\n127\n\nU.S. ELECTIONS.\n-----\n\nNew York. November pad, TheWols are grea\n\nheartoned with the means of the New York State referentem where a 110,500 resjority Mr. Rogens Brunner, ex Chairman of ze seca State to determine what per | tavoured u request but Congress Jobaran\n\nBrunner, Mond and Company, surt bis centan of alcohol is inensleting. An wife have been found shot dead in their almost idential proposal augears to have house at Korbampton.\n\nbeco prased by Mhaois bg a large sunjos ity, walio Wis.outin favoured 2.75 per FRENCH PLEA FOK US. MURDERERS.\n\nplashed wade generally known, woulé sertainlysingi humanity, a qu k is by no means to the credit of those who must have been til along well acquainted with the farts that He or nothing has been heard of them.\n\nThe aspirations of the merchants and Puell trades-a very large clasanay condently be used as jenna good govemment Lowever detained is the ehvoistances savely a legitimate. leylan, aspiration.\n\nThe aspirations of the principal actors of the tragedy that is being presented to the world by China and of the ioul vefeed chans the hoids the front of the stage, composed of politicians, diplomatists.\n\ncent, aner by two to one. The isa at 2, and audents, are de complex, always so dear in ather Stales and define them here. The most and no attempt car he made io sort theni Bunty voting on the medicationincere au rend various to be lumi the law showed a wet trend. Tropin this class pld, however, it demo repeat the present", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-495N - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [11-12.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 504985, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-496 - Public Offices - 1926", "page_number": 250, "title": "CO129-496 - Public Offices - 1926", "content_text": "(b.) I prefer letter to be addressed by Chen to Brenan stating that Cantonese delegation, which will be invested with full power to negotiate as principals, and which will be composed, as Chen suggests, of Chen himself, Chung Kung Pok and Sung Tszman, will be prepared to meet Brenan, Kemp and Hallifax for the purpose of negotiating a settlement of the anti-British trouble throughout Kwangtung.\n\n(c.) I should be willing for reply accepting proposal to be addressed to Minister for Foreign Affairs, &c., as Chen desires.\n\n(No. 203.)\n\n(6.)\n\nSir R. Macleay to Sir Austen Chamberlain,—(Received June 7.)\n\n(Telegraphic.)\n\nShanghai [sic: Canton] telegram No. 23.\n\nPeking, June 7, 1926.\n\nMy immediately preceding [sic: following] telegrams are repetitions of messages from acting consul-general at Canton and Governor of Hong Kong, in regard to which I would submit the following observations:—\n\nThe recently reconstructed Government in Canton, which would appear to be in the nature of a military dictatorship, supported by Soviet agents and supplied with Soviet arms and ammunition, seems to me, in view of the expulsion of the more moderate elements, to have less claim than ever to be recognised as a Nationalist Government, or even as representative of the city or province of Canton.\n\nWhile I naturally do not wish to stand in the way of reopening of negotiations for settlement of boycott, I do feel that at a moment when this Canton Government is actively preparing a military expedition against adherents of Wu Pei-fu, who is one of the principal members of coalition formed to suppress Feng's army and to establish a more conservative and anti-Bolshevik Government in Peking, it would be unwise to take any step which might encourage extreme Canton faction in the belief that His Majesty's Government are prepared to recognise them as an independent Government, or which might be so interpreted by their opponents.\n\nI therefore consider the more prudent course would be to treat the boycott in Kuangtung Province as a purely local question between Hong Kong and Canton to be settled by negotiators appointed by Hong Kong Government and de facto Government in Canton without intervention of acting consul-general as \"Imperial representative\"; in fact, I would recommend the adoption of course (a) in Mr. Brenan's telegram in preference to (b).\n\nIf Mr. Eugene Chen (whom, incidentally, and in spite of his apparently friendly gesture, I regard with grave suspicion as a dangerous and unscrupulous adventurer) chooses to address a communication to the Governor of Hong Kong, suggesting the reopening of negotiations and describing himself as Minister for Foreign Affairs of Nationalist Government of Canton, I see no reason why acting consul-general should not forward it to the Governor or why the latter in his reply should not give Mr. Chen the title he has assumed, as this would not, I presume, commit His Majesty's Government to recognition either of Mr. Chen's right to such a title or of independence of Canton Government.\n\nAs an additional precaution against possible misunderstanding and misrepresentation of attitude of His Majesty's Government, and in order to give them a handle in the event of failure of negotiations and prolongation of present intolerable situation, I would suggest that Mr. Brenan should only act as intermediary for exchange of communications between the parties and that he should take no part in negotiations.\n\nI agree with the Governor of Hong Kong in thinking that question whether claims of British subjects for losses incurred in the province should be demanded of Canton Government is one which should be left to the discretion of Hong Kong negotiators and which must depend on the course of the negotiations and the nature of the claims put in by the other side.\n\n(Repeated to Hong Kong and Canton.)\n\n(7.)\n\nSir R. Macleay to Sir Austen Chamberlain. (Received June 7.)\n\n(No. 205.) (Telegraphic.)\n\nMy telegram No. 203.\n\nPeking, June 7, 1926.\n\nFollowing received from Hong Kong, 7th June, unnumbered :-\n\nTelegram from His Majesty's consul-general at Canton 4th June. \"This Government is ready to reopen negotiations with Canton as soon as possible. Should prefer letter addressed to yourself by Minister for Foreign Affairs. Letter should state that Cantonese delegation as described in your telegram, with full powers to negotiate as principals, will be prepared to meet yourself, Kemp and Hallifax to negotiate settlement of anti-British trouble throughout Kuangtung. I would be willing that reply should be addressed to Minister for Foreign Affairs of Nationalist Government [of Canton] accepting this proposal. As regards claims against Canton, full instructions will be given to our delegates, who will be able to discuss the matter with you.'\n\n(8.)\n\nGovernor of Hong Kong to the Secretary of State for the Colonies. (Received Colonial Office, June 10, 1926.)\n\n(Telegraphic.) P.\n\nThe following has been repeated to Peking with reference to Sir R. Macleay's\n\nHong Kong, June 10, 1926. telegram No. 203 to Foreign Office :-\n\nThe consular body has just been notified by the Canton Minister for Foreign Affairs that in future the Minister for Foreign Affairs will deal directly with the consular body, since steps have been taken to abolish the provincial post of Commissioner for Foreign Affairs, which was formerly the channel of communication between the consuls and the Canton Government. The source of my information is Brenan, who is at present in Hong Kong. As there is no one else with whom to communicate the consuls will have no alternative but to address their letters to the Minister for Foreign Affairs, Canton,\" and if, as Macleay suggests, Brenan is to act as intermediary for the Hong Kong Government, he will have to follow this procedure. Canton is not, however, out for de jure recognition as an independent Government and the point does not seem to me to be of serious importance.\n\nOn the 5th June I received a letter from Eugene Chen, who had evidently written to me without waiting for reply from Brenan. The letter was in the following terms —\n\nThe Canton Government is prepared to open negotiations with your Government regarding the Canton-Hong Kong strike and will appoint for the purpose three delegates with plenipotentiary powers. The Canton Government believes that your Government will consider it advisable to follow a like course and for the purpose of negotiations appoint an equal number of delegates with similar powers.\"\n\nThe proper channel of communication between Canton and Hong Kong is the consul-general (see Foreign Office letter, the 24th July, 1911, No. 26864, and Colonial Office confidential despatch, the 10th August, 1911), and I propose to reply not direct but through consul-general.\n\nThat the consul-general should be present at the discussions is, in my opinion, essential. Further, in order that the anti-British trouble throughout Kwangtung may be settled in one conference, I consider it very desirable that he should be authorised to participate in the discussions as a negotiator. I realise, of course, that, as the matter now stands, the views expressed by His Majesty's Minister, Peking, prevent Brenan from taking this course, but I hope that these views will\n\n[14831]\n\nC\n\n248\n\nFre", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-496 - Public Offices - 1926.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 506896, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-499-3 Canton situation- governor's despatches 12-2-1927 - 10-3-1927", "page_number": 38, "title": "CO129-499-3 Canton situation- governor's despatches 12-2-1927 - 10-3-1927", "content_text": "## Enclo. No. 4.\n(d) Four extracts from the Man Kwok Yat Po, Canton, of the 24th January, three dealing with the events at Hankow, and the fourth purporting to give the text of a letter from the Head of Kansu Province to the Canton Government notifying the adhesion of that Province to the Kuomintang.\n\n## Enclo. No. 5.\nAn extract from the Man Kwok Yat Po of the 25th January, 1927, containing the report of the President of the Nationalist Government to the 3rd Representative Conference of the Kuomintang held in Kiangsi. General T'ong mentioned in this document is T'ong Shang-chi, an old adherent of General T'am Yin-hoi, the President in question, formerly Military Governor of Hunan. General Tong contrived to maintain himself in Southern Hunan when his chief was expelled from the province by Marshal Wu P'ei-fu, and maintained through this channel his connection with Dr. Sun Yat-sen and the Kuomintang. When Canton organized the Northern Expedition, General T'ong took a prominent part in the recapture of Hunan from his old enemy General Chiu Hang-tik. General T'am Yin-hoi, who became acting Chairman of the Canton Soviet last year after the expulsion of Mr. Wong Tseng-wai, is the son of a former Viceroy of the Liang Kuang provinces.\n\n## Enclo. No. 6.\n(f) An extract from the Man Kwok Yat Po, Canton, of the 30th January, containing a rejoinder to the British memorandum on Chinese policy, treating the proposals made therein as a cloak for giving, or rather continuing, assistance to the enemies of Chinese Nationalism, and rejoicing in the international discord which it is held...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-499-3 Canton situation- governor's despatches 12-2-1927 - 10-3-1927.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 516450, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-512-2 Political situation in China- and Canton 31-5-1929 - 13-11-1929", "page_number": 6, "title": "CO129-512-2 Political situation in China- and Canton 31-5-1929 - 13-11-1929", "content_text": "## 4.0. 40. Gov. Decret on subject 6 \n13-11-29\n\nIt was copy corros: from M. Albert Thomas, Chinese Seamen's Union, a signed letter to him. \n\nFor Sir C. Clementi's letter seems a sufficient reply. The only question is that of the channel of communication. It was scarcely harder for M. Thomas to write to the Governor this way; but there is no objection to sending the reply direct.\n\n? send off Sir C. Clementi's letter (keeping a copy) saying the Gov's letter has been forwarded to M. Thomas.\n\n**Action**\n| Task | Details |\n| --- | --- |\n| Send copy | to `30001 C` |\n| Send copy | desh e enchs (by letter to 17/Lab het dift for any Sorom,) marking of the questions & mentioned in M. Thomas' letters were raised at the International Maritime Labour Conference in 1927 desh which he refers. |\n| Hold copy | this letter being sent to FO |\n\nCopy this letter also ends to FO to inform.\n\nRef. (42) to `30001 C/27`\n\n1.17. Martin 21.12.29", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-512-2 Political situation in China- and Canton 31-5-1929 - 13-11-1929.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 517744, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-514-2 Mui Tsai system- suggested regulations and possible abolition 9-1-1929 - 16-5-1929", "page_number": 145, "title": "CO129-514-2 Mui Tsai system- suggested regulations and possible abolition 9-1-1929 - 16-5-1929", "content_text": "# THE TIMES, FRIDAY, MARCH 8, 1929\n\n## COURT PROCEEDINGS\n\n'This is my garage.' \n\nThe witness said nothing. \n\n## CHILD LABOUR IN THE EAST\n\nLORD LYTTON, who presided, said the work of the International Labour Organization of the League of Nations was helping the peoples of the world to realize their responsibilities for the conditions under which manufactures and foodstuffs were produced. The history of Britain's factory legislation had shown what abuses could arise in the early industrial organization of a country and how even parents might connive at the enslavement of their children. Generally speaking, in all the industrial countries of Europe legislation had been introduced for the protection of women and children, and in those countries conditions of their employment were approximating to something like a general standard. In countries in the East which had become industrialized, and in others which were in course of becoming industrialized, conditions existed analogous to those which had passed in the West. Voluntary societies were keeping alive public opinion on the question, with the advantage of the experience of the countries of the West to guide them. Though Japan had not ratified the Forty-eight Hours Convention, restricting the hours of employment of women and children, that country had introduced many reforms.\n\nLADY CHATTERJEE, wife of the High Commissioner for India, said that under the stimulus of industrial developments conditions were changing rapidly in certain areas in India. Overcrowding in tenements was one of the results, with a consequent high death-rate. The infantile death-rate under one year for Bombay was 316 per 1,000 births, but in certain wards it was between 300 and 500 per 1,000 births. The infantile death-rate for 1927 was 326 per 1,000 in Calcutta. Improvement trusts in both Calcutta and Bombay had improved housing conditions very considerably for industrial workers, and recent legislation, largely influenced by international labour conferences, had improved very considerably the lot of women and children by restricting the working hours and age of employment. Two difficulties that hindered the further expansion of industry were lack of imagination and the ignorance and apathy of the workers themselves. To overcome the illiteracy of the workers meant making primary education compulsory throughout India. What was needed was realization of the fact that the problems of industry were not the concern only of the organizers of industry or Government, but of the nation as a whole.\n\nDAME ADELAIDE ANDERSON, dealing with women and child labour in China, mentioned that the new draft legislation of the Nanking Government for factories provided for the establishment of a factory inspectorate, which alone marked the proposed legislation as a more serious plan than that of the defunct Peking Government. She described the existence of a world-wide system of slavery so far as women were concerned. In many parts of the world women were still regarded as property, and it was time that women were given equal representation on all committees of the League of Nations to deal with such problems.\n\n## LABOUR SYSTEMS ANALOGOUS TO SLAVERY\n\nMR. E. BATESON, a former Judge of the Egyptian Mixed Courts, presided at the afternoon session during a discussion on \"Labour Systems Analogous to Slavery.\" \n\nMR. W. BENSON, member of the Diplomatic Division of the International Labour Organization at Geneva, stated that it was expected that next year the International Labour Conference would adopt a series of international agreements relating to forced labour, but the ratification of any convention by national Parliaments would depend on the public opinion aroused in the countries represented.\n\nMR. CHARLES ROBERTS said he thought that through the channel open to them at Geneva people of good will in all countries had a lever in their hands to raise industrial conditions throughout the world.\n\nMR. JOHN H. HARRIS, Secretary of the Anti-Slavery and Aborigines' Protection Society, declared that there were three outstanding instances of slavery to-day—the natives around Lake Chad, the pearl divers of the Persian Gulf, and the \"mui tsai\" of China. Among systems analogous to slavery he mentioned the prevalence of \"pawning\" in Liberia and Sierra Leone, where a person could put a relative in pawn for a period in return for a sum of money. An officer whose duty it was to deal with a certain form of slave traffic, which involved the sale every year of some 5,000 boys and girls, had suggested to him that one of the best preventive measures would be for the Powers to fix a limit of ages for pilgrims who should be allowed to go to Mecca. This, the officer thought, would stop parents from India, the East Indies, and Africa taking their children to Mecca for sale.\n\n## AUTOMATIC TRAIN CONTROL\n\nColonel A. C. Trench, in his report to the Ministry of Transport on the accident at London Bridge Station on December 27, when a steam train from New Cross Gate to London Bridge came into sidelong collision with an electric train, stated that responsibility rested with the driver of the steam train, who made a mistake in reading the signal in error for an adjoining one.\n\nThe Inspector stated that the support of one of the girder structures for overhead electric wires was displaced and a portion of a girder fell on to the roof of another electric train. Some of the parapet wall of the viaduct was thrown into the street. Four trains were involved, but owing to the officials' prompt action none of the succession of accidents was serious.\n\nHe thought that a possible cause of the driver's error might have been that for a moment he forgot on which line he was travelling. He could only describe it as a serious case of careless driving, which fortunately was unattended by graver results.\n\nThe accident provided a strong case in favour of automatic train control in congested areas with dense traffic. Up-to-date installation of colour light signalling was particularly conspicuous. If an experienced driver carelessly permitted himself to misread such indications, owing to momentary mental aberration, and if disciplinary measures failed to have the necessary deterrent effect, it seemed difficult to provide against failure of the human element other than by automatic means.\n\n## DOMESTIC SLAVERY IN CHINA\n\nThe REV. W. W. CLAYSON, a missionary, dealt with the question of domestic slavery in China. He described in particular the \"mui tsai\" system, by which poor parents, under economic stress, sold their children into domestic slavery. The best Chinese opinion was opposed to the system, and the Nationalist Government's programme provided for its abolition.\n\nMR. CHARLES ROBERTS, president of the Anti-Slavery and Aborigines' Protection Society, stated that seven years ago Mr. Churchill gave a pledge on behalf of the Government to abolish the “mui tsai” system in Hong Kong, but his society had discovered quite recently that it was still in force. He appreciated the Government's difficulties in dealing with the private households of Chinese in Hong Kong, but he thought it was fair to expect the redemption of the pledge and the removal of the scandal.\n\n## HOUSE PURCHASE SWINDLER SENTENCED\n\nSentence of 12 months' imprisonment, in the second division, was passed by the Common Serjeant (Sir Henry Dickens, K.C.) at the Central Criminal Court on Wednesday on ARTHUR LEAF, 41, an estate agent, formerly in business at Southend, who was found Guilty of fraudulently converting to his own use £375 and £450 entrusted to him for the purpose of purchasing houses at Southend. He pleaded \"Not Guilty.\" Mr. Tindal Atkinson prosecuted; Mr. Claude Grundy and Mr. P. M. Beecheno defended.\n\nIt was stated by Detective-sergeant Fletcher that Leaf was unemployed for some time at Southend, and he acted as chairman and spokesman of the local unemployed. Later he carried on various small agencies.\n\nThe COMMON SERJEANT directed that £200 found in Leaf's possession on his arrest at Grimsby, should be divided equally between the two complainants.\n\n## LONDON POLICE COURT\n\nTwo youths, a 10-year-old page boy and an 18-year-old porter, appeared at London Police Court charged with stealing by finding a gold ring stated to be worth £45. They said they picked it up in Glasgow. They came to London to get work, and the police, no owner having come forward to claim the ring, numbers of people having inquired about it, and in fact, Glasgow people seemed to have given it up (Laughter.), the youths were bound over in the sum of £5 on condition that they left London.\n\nMRS. PETHICK-LAWRENCE, Women's Freedom League, said that underneath all questions of forced labour and contract labour there was... \n\nPage 148", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-514-2 Mui Tsai system- suggested regulations and possible abolition 9-1-1929 - 16-5-1929.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 547961, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-553-10 Urban Council- re-organisation of the medical and sanitary services 8-3-1935 - 31-7-1935", "page_number": 18, "title": "CO129-553-10 Urban Council- re-organisation of the medical and sanitary services 8-3-1935 - 31-7-1935", "content_text": "- 3 -\n\n18\n\n(5) in\n\n82752\n\nThe\n\nhealth systems of other places which he had studied. Analogy with Malaya cannot be complete as there are sound reasons against the introduction into this Colony of anything in the nature of a real municipality. At the same time, the local community looks with peculiar affection on the Sanitary Board as one of the few quasi-representative and democratic institutions in Hong Kong.\n\nOne of the first results when the fact became known that an organisation on a large scale was in contemplation, was an anxious enquiry from that body as to its own future. In this connection reference is invited to His Excellency's Confidential telegram No. 175 of 29th April, 1932 (14.5-32).\n\nAt a conference convened by His Excellency to discuss the position of the Sanitary Board the conclusions embraced the following:-\n\n\"That bodies such as the Sanitary Board serve a useful purpose in stimulating local interest, in promoting self-help, and in acting as a channel of communication between the public and the authorities.\"\n\nAs the methods of the Sanitary Department, which have been justified in practice in Hong Kong, touch very closely on Chinese domestic life, it is particularly desirable that a vehicle should exist whereby those intimately concerned may express their views on such questions and guide the administrative service. His Excellency therefore noted on 1st August, 1930, that of the two possible lines of reorganisation, to extend the powers of the so-called Sanitary Department and make it more in the nature of a municipality, while still retaining it as a Government department with an advisory council, or to transfer much of the work now done by the", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-553-10 Urban Council- re-organisation of the medical and sanitary services 8-3-1935 - 31-7-1935.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 550318, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-556-14 Chinese Seamen's Union- activities 1-7-1936 - 16-2-1937", "page_number": 26, "title": "CO129-556-14 Chinese Seamen's Union- activities 1-7-1936 - 16-2-1937", "content_text": "26\n\n13\n\n750\n\nTHE HONG KONG WEEKLY PRESS & LOCAL SEAMEN\n\nNovember 6, 1936\n\n\"RESTLESS\"\n\nRevelations Of Job Control\n\n\"OUTBREAK WITHIN SIX MONTHS\"\n\n\"SQUEEZE\" SYSTEM CONDEMNED\n\nAccusations against employers regarding their treatment of seamen aboard ships in local waters, which were made by Mr. Chao Pan-fu at the Geneva International Labour Conference contained such startling charges that we instituted investigations in Hong Kong shipping circles to ascertain the true position.\n\nThe results, as our report discloses, are calculated to make every reasonable member of the community feel extremely dissatisfied with the existing state of affairs.\n\nWe were informed by the reporter who carried out this investigation that whilst the majority of executives of shipping companies were very generous in their help, but in at least two instances discourtesy and antagonism in an unusual degree were displayed. We would remind those executives of a sound Scottish saying, \"Guilty folk always lose their tempers.\"\n\nTo those other executives—happily the majority—we express our appreciation, and for obvious reasons, observe strictly their requests that their identities might not be disclosed.—Editor \"H.K.D.P.\"\n\nwhatever rate of interest may be demanded, and therefore, part of his wages have to be set aside to pay the interest.\n\nInformation of a pessimistic nature was obtained on Oct. 28 from a section of the local shipping community, following inquiries which were made regarding a statement by Mr. Chao Pan-fu, the Chinese delegate to the maritime session of the International Labour Conference at Geneva, which was recently published in the Shanghai \"North China Daily News\", revealing a feeling of unrest among local Chinese seamen.\n\nMr. Chao was reported to have said that the Chinese seamen were fighting for equal treatment, but the foreign firms were taking advantage of the low wages and the facility of commercial transportation with China. The result of the strike in 1922 had been an \"honourable victory\" on the seamen's part but it turned out to be the seamen's disappointment for the employers not only failed to keep their promise, but made conditions even more harsh for the sufferers. Their mode of employment is still confined to the illegal contractor-system instead of through the legal channel of the Chinese Seamen's Union in 1927 the Hong Kong branch of the Chinese Seamen's Union. \"It is to be noted,\" he said, \"that the Seamen's Union is a legal organization recognized by all the civilized nations for the protection of the interests of the seamen.\n\nI wonder whether any democratic government in this world would ever prohibit any legal organization of such a sort, and whether the present Labour Conference would stand such unreasonable measures,\" Mr. Chao remarked.\n\nMr. Chao stated that the highest wage of an experienced seaman was only $44 and the lowest only $8, and queried how any seaman could live on such meagre income.\n\n\"DEPLORABLE SITUATION\"\n\nContinuing Mr. Chao said it was obvious that the employers would benefit by this \"deplorable situation\" and they would, of course, employ workers who were subjected to lower standards of treatment in order to facilitate their competition for private gain. And the employers, he argued, in taking advantage of this, could easily cheat their own national workers by denying the fact of unjust treatment and make the Chinese workers the scapegoat for all evils. They can easily condemn the question of unemployment as due to the practice of Chinese seamen taking up the occupations which would otherwise be assigned for their nationals. \"The result is that the Chinese seamen, having suffered from the oppression of their employers and the unfair treatment of the authorities of the concerned countries, have to face the misunderstanding of their own rank and class and the consequent hatred of races,\" he declared.\n\nSeamen are deprived of their choice of ships nor have they any voice in the conditions of the contract of employment.\n\nGUARANTEES DEMANDED\n\nContinuing, Mr. Chao is reported to have maintained that besides employing the feudal method of employment, the foreign shipping companies in China require the payment from each seaman of a deposit of $300 to $700 on his accepting employment. The distressed seaman has to raise such a big amount by means of loans at whatever rate of interest may be demanded...\n\nPOSITION IN HONG KONG\n\nIn conclusion, Mr. Chao alleged that the Hong Kong authorities, under the pretext of apprehension of Communist activities, closed...\n\nGUILTY OF EXAGGERATION\n\nThe foregoing sums up Mr. Chao Pan-fu's remarks anent what he termed \"the Chinese seamen's fight for equal treatment.\" On the other hand, from enquiries made locally at authoritative sources, it was revealed that the entire statement of Mr. Chao Pan-fu was in the nature of propaganda.\n\n\"Mr. Chao is guilty of exaggeration,\" one local manager declared after he had read the article in question.\n\n\"FEUDAL SYSTEM\" EXPLAINED\n\nRegarding the feudal method of employment by the contractor-system, it was pointed out by an executive of a Hong Kong shipping office that a bond of security was required from the No. 1's of each department on the ship, namely the bo'sun, the steward and the head fireman, as an insurance for the Company against its being charged with fines ranging from $1,000 to $5,000 resulting from the discovery of contraband on their vessels.\n\nPage 27\n\n...\n\nPage 27", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-556-14 Chinese Seamen's Union- activities 1-7-1936 - 16-2-1937.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 578791, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-592-10 Future Policy in Hong Kong- Port Administration 10-4-1946 - 15-4-1947", "page_number": 185, "title": "CO129-592-10 Future Policy in Hong Kong- Port Administration 10-4-1946 - 15-4-1947", "content_text": "183\n\n184\n\nCLYDE ESTUARY COMMITTEE\n\nTo The Right Hon. ALFRED BARNES, M.P.,\n\nSIR,\n\nMinister of War Transport.\n\n(1) We were appointed by your predecessor, after consultation with the then Secretary of State for Scotland, on 2nd August, 1944, with the following Terms of Remit:—\n\nTo enquire into the present arrangements for the provision and administration of navigational facilities and of docks and harbours of the River and Firth of Clyde and the lochs leading from them, and to report what modifications, if any, in those arrangements are desirable for the promotion of the trade of the estuary and the public interest.\"\n\n(2) We devoted ourselves in the first instance to the study of the mass of information and statistics bearing upon the subject of our investigation contained in numerous official and unofficial records and publications, and we also carried out inspections on the River and Estuary. Thereafter we addressed a questionnaire to a large number of authorities, bodies and individuals interested in different aspects of the problem, and later extended our requests for information and criticism in the light of our growing experience. The main sources from which we have received representations or evidence are detailed in Appendix A; and we desire to express our grateful acknowledgements for the courtesy and promptitude with which so many elaborate and carefully thought out memoranda have been placed at our disposal, and for the ready assistance which we have received. In taking oral evidence we deliberately avoided formal judicial methods or public sessions, our view being that better results would be achieved by private and informal discussion around a conference table upon the crucial issues in controversy.\n\nBy these methods, and by establishing contact with various other bodies simultaneously engaged in the study of related problems, we have spared no effort to draw upon every accessible source of responsible and instructed opinion on the subject of our remit; and it has only been after prolonged consideration of the numerous, and by no means unanimous, views presented to us that we have reached the conclusions embodied in this Report.\n\n(3) The Report is presented in two Parts. In Part I we have summarised the main facts of the present position and our estimate of the probable trend of requirements in the predictable future. In Part II we have stated and endeavoured to justify the recommendations and proposals which we submit for your consideration.\n\n3\n\nPART I.\n\nGENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE RIVER AND FIRTH.\n\n(4) The main features of the Estuary and River must already be so familiar to all likely to read this Report that we confine ourselves to a brief summary of the main facts bearing upon the provision of navigational facilities. We append an outline sketch plan.\n\nIn its wider sense the Firth of Clyde may be said to cover everything above a line between the Mull of Kintyre and Corsewall Point. But this wider area naturally divides itself at the Cumbraes into two parts—the lower estuary, and the upper estuary and river.\n\nThe lower estuary consists of an oblong area of virtually open sea, roughly 40 miles in length by 30 in width, divided into two unequal parts by the island of Arran. The smaller or western half, consisting of Kilbrennan Sound, is little used except for fishing or minor coastwise traffic; and it is to the larger or eastern half that the name Firth of Clyde is normally applied.\n\nThe upper estuary and river, though also about 40 miles in length from Glasgow to the Cumbraes, has a maximum width of only about 10 miles, narrowing in the upper 20 miles of its length to the few hundred feet of the river and dredged channel. The upper estuary consists in maritime parlance partially \"smooth water,\" and includes the well-known anchorage at the Tail of the Bank, with the adjoining landlocked water areas of Loch Long, the Gareloch, Holy Loch and Loch Goil.\n\n(5) From the standpoint of port administration and navigational facilities interest centres very largely upon the upper estuary and river. In the lower estuary there are situated only the Ayrshire ports of Ardrossan, Irvine, Troon and Ayr, the ports in Loch Ryan, and the port of Campbeltown; with in addition a large number of small harbours, piers and jetties of local significance. But with these exceptions it is within the upper estuary and river that all the considerable dock facilities are to be found, and it is there that the vast bulk of the shipping trade is conducted. The only river tributaries of the Clyde which need be mentioned are the Cart in Renfrewshire and the Leven in Dunbartonshire.\n\n(6) The depth of water varies from a minimum of about 18 feet L.W.O.S.T. in the river, to nearly 100 fathoms at various points in the lower estuary, the tidal range being 10 to 12 feet at average spring tides.\n\n(7) Even if Ardrossan, Ayr and Troon are included, the major Clyde ports lie within a circle of 20 miles radius, and they constitute a group apart amongst British ports, for the steaming distance from Glasgow to Belfast is 135 miles, to Liverpool 212 miles, and to Bristol nearly 400 miles.\n\nTHE EXISTING ADMINISTRATIVE LAY-OUT.\n\n(8) The present administrative position is the end-product of a long series of independent enterprises initiated in the course of the last two hundred years, during which the centre of gravity has shifted up the river from the Ayrshire coast, first to Port Glasgow, and finally to Glasgow itself. The history of these enterprises has often been told and cannot be repeated here; but it has left a broad mark upon the present administrative scheme. That scheme\n\n47051\n\nA 2", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-592-10 Future Policy in Hong Kong- Port Administration 10-4-1946 - 15-4-1947.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 582831, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-596-3 Hong Kong University- recognition of wartime training of medical students 24-1-1946 - 10-3-1949", "page_number": 60, "title": "CO129-596-3 Hong Kong University- recognition of wartime training of medical students 24-1-1946 - 10-3-1949", "content_text": "# ESCAPE FROM HONG KONG PEACE CONFERENCES\n\n(Continued from Page 3)\n\nAfter this I had no idea where I was to go, but as my escort boarded one of the buses I got on at the other off. At last we began to breathe freely but, to my disappointment, my escort got off and we only sailed across Three Fathoms Cove to another village called Sam Chung. Here we stayed for two days and nights and, as it was only one more day to Chinese New Year, we almost gave up hope of reaching Free China. Late in the afternoon of the sixth day after the start of my journey, however, we proceeded as far as Tong, and when my escort alighted I started to sail down Tolo Channel.\n\nNear the mouth of the Channel we anchored at about 10 p.m. We were then spent about the most uncomfortable night that I can ever remember. There were 17 people, with luggage, crammed into the small well at the stern of the junk. The floor space was approximately 36 square feet, so there was little more than 2 square feet per person. I think very few of us slept more than a few moments that night.\n\nAt the crack of dawn we were off again, and soon came in sight of the pretty islands at the mouth of Tolo Channel. At last we sighted Tap Mun, the island home of my mythical patient. Fortunately, I never had occasion to produce the letter summoning me to visit a hypothetical patient on Tap Mun island, and I started off in the wake of my guide who took the road which led towards Kai Tak airport.\n\nThe guide, who had been twice over the road, had already ascertained at what points Japanese sentries were posted, and at what times they changed guard. The guards at the entrance to the airport changed duty at 8 a.m. and it was planned that we should pass by at that time, when presumably the soldiers would be somewhat less intent on scrutinising the passers-by.\n\nThe plan worked perfectly, and the incoming guard marched past us a few moments before we reached the entrance to the airport. I was instructed, in a note handed to me by my second guide, to send a message to my friends after passing the island of Tap Mun in safety. I scribbled the following message on a piece of paper: \"Patient on island is well. Anticipate satisfactory progress.\" The star (*) was a pre-arranged signal indicating my name and continued safety. I handed the note to my guide, and over a year later learned that the message had been safely delivered.\n\nFrom Tap Mun we steered north-east across Mirs Bay towards Peng Chau Island and then almost due north to Sha U Chung. I carried a small watch-chain compass in my waist-coat pocket and, sewn into my inside parts, I had a map of the whole area, extending as far north as Kukong, which I had cut out of a Postal Atlas. These two things were of the utmost value during the rest of the journey, and I still count them among my most treasured possessions.\n\nLater we picked up a small sailing boat and made somewhat quicker progress. Two days before reaching Lulong I was able to send a telegram to the British Ambassador in Chungking telling him of my escape and asking him to inform my family in Australia, and at the same time to request my wife to cable out some much-needed money. On the way up we ran into two or three parties of men who had escaped from North Point and Shamshuipo camps and were delighted to make their acquaintance and to hear their stories. Some of them, I am glad to say, are back in Hong Kong again at the present moment.\n\nAfter reaching Lulong we felt, for the first time, that all risk was over. We had reached a point where motor transport was available and there was a well-made road leading to our immediate destination of Kukong.\n\nAt Lulong, we parted company. Marsman, Lavrov, and their remaining Chinese friend had an opportunity of travelling by private car to Kukong, so they went ahead. I proceeded by the somewhat more tedious transportation offered by a salt truck. It was my first experience of the devious methods necessary for obtaining the privilege of joining the crowded mass of humanity on one of these trucks, and I shall always be grateful to a young student of Lingnam University who initiated me into the technique.\n\n## Journey To Kukong\n\nOn the journey to Kukong was the inevitable breakdown of the boat and made somewhat quicker progress. Two days before reaching Lulong I was able to send a telegram to the British Ambassador in Chungking. The weather was extremely cold and there was actual snow on the hills above Sha U Chung. I felt very glad that I had sewn an old goatskin into my raincoat.\n\nWe passed through beautiful country, and some of it reminded me forcibly of parts of Surrey. If it had not been for the circumstances of our journey we could have imagined ourselves on somewhat strenuous walking tour.\n\nThe hospitality of the villagers was amazing. We met with nothing but the utmost kindness, courtesy, and generosity at their hands. We were robbed by a lone bandit, who robbed us each in turn of wrist watches, fountain pens, and money. I only lost my fountain pen; I had no money and my Rolex wrist watch was pushed above my elbow and covered by a bandage over skin painted with mercurochrome.\n\nMy time has already gone and I shall not attempt to tell the story of the Hong Kong University students in China, as that has already been told in full elsewhere. But I think there is no time to tell the story of the rest of my experience in ex-China.\n\n## Guide Turns Up\n\nOn the following morning my permanent guide turned up. I recognised him at once by the fact that he was carrying my suitcase and a bundle containing my Jaeger sleeping bag. For the rest of the journey, about 4 p.m. on the afternoon of the fourth day, there was a great commotion in the village. Villagers dashed about excitedly and soon gunboats had apparently come up from Hong Kong, and at last I was able to get into touch with friends whom I knew.\n\n## Reach Wai Chow\n\nWe reached Wai Chow after five strenuous days of walking and on the third day after leaving Lulong. It had taken me twenty days to complete the journey from Hong Kong.\n\n## Future of University\n\nUltimately some 346 Hong Kong University students, out of a total student body of about 600, made their way into Free China, of whom no fewer than 319 continued their studies at 17 different Chinese Universities.\n\nIn Chungking I went to see the British Ambassador, Sir Horace Seymour, and Mr Han Lih-wu, of the Sino-British Cultural Association. As a result of conversations with them, and with the Chinese Minister of Education, I returned almost immediately to Kukong, via Kweilin, carrying relief money for the students from British Government funds.\n\nThe addition of Marsman and his friends made the party six, and my plans had all been made on the assumption that a party of two could make good speed and would attract little attention. However, as things turned out, we had a very unpleasant experience during the second night. The guerillas and the crew of the junk slept on shore, leaving only the five of us who were refugees to sleep on the boat.\n\nAbout 3 a.m. I was awakened by the blinding light of an electric torch shining in my face and the barrel of a revolver pointed straight at my head. It was the first time I had been confronted with this particular type of situation and I must say one feels in rather a weak and essential position to be suddenly awakened out of a confused sleep to face such circumstances flat on one's back!\n\nThe lonely robber then dropped from the side of our junk into a waiting boat and was rowed away into the darkness.\n\nAt the Hosai Hospital I could literally say that I was penniless. I shall never forget the warmth of the welcome I received, nor the luxury of lying on a real bed again after sleeping for three weeks on bare boards, boat decks, and stone floors.\n\nAfter three hours I was taken up to the school on the hill and here, to my surprise, was ushered into a room where Messrs Marsman and Lavrov and two of their Chinese colleagues were waiting.\n\n\"No Impossible Problems In Pacific\"\n\n## FRASER IN AMERICA\n\nMr Fraser said he wanted such a conference immediately to follow the Paris Conference which would draft the peace treaty for the war in Europe.\n\n## SWORD SURRENDERED\n\nJapanese Commander At Malaya Ceremony\n\n### SERVICE CHIEFS PRESENT\n\nWashington, Feb. 25.\n\nOne of the highest-ranking Japanese officers in South-east Asia General Itakgaki, Commander of the 7th Area Army, embracing Malaya, Java, Sumatra, the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, and parts of Siam and Borneo, has formally surrendered to the General Officer Commanding in Chief, Malaya Command, General Messervy, at a ceremony at the Command Headquarters in Kuala Lumpur, witnessed by a large gathering of Service chiefs.\n\nBe-ribboned, greying Itakgaki, at the head of a line of his staff officers, was marched onto the parade ground and halted between the lines of British and Indian guards to come to attention as General Messervy took up his position at a flag-draped table and called on him in a loud voice to surrender his sword.\n\nAt a slow, halting pace, the Japanese commander advanced to the table bearing his sword, encased in a colourful cloth bag tied with purple ribbon, and offered the sword across the Union Jack, after which General Messervy announced that the remaining 12 senior Japanese officers, headed by General Itakgaki, would hand over their swords to Brigadier C. P. Jones, C.B.E., M.C., the General's Staff Brigadier, at Malaya Command.\n\nMr Fraser foresaw \"no impossible problems in the Pacific. There will be problems, naturally. China has her many problems. There are other problems of organising the so-called trusteeships. There are also the economic and political problems concerning the stability of all Asia.\"\n\n## DANISH KING BETTER\n\nCopenhagen, Feb. 26.\n\nIt was officially announced today that King Christian's condition has improved.-United Press.\n\nPage 60\nPage 61", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-596-3 Hong Kong University- recognition of wartime training of medical students 24-1-1946 - 10-3-1949.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 } ]