[ { "id": 310729, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-196 - Public Offices & Others - 1881", "page_number": 308, "title": "CO129-196 - Public Offices & Others - 1881", "content_text": "Page 302\n\nGENTLEMEN,\n\nFrom Graham Hastings, Esq., Q.C.\n\n10, OLD SQUARE, LINCOLN'S INN,\n\nDec. 5, 1877.\n\nI understand, that Mr. EDWARD HUME is a candidate for the appointment of Secretary to the Skinners' Company. It would, I think, be scarcely possible to select a gentleman better qualified to discharge the duties of the office in question. To the possession of excellent business habits and a competent knowledge of law, he unites an earnestness in the prosecution of what he undertakes, which promises well for the interests of any Company who may avail themselves of his services. He is a gentleman in the highest sense of the term and one with whom it would be a pleasure to act. I should add that I have known Mr. HUME almost since he left the University of Oxford, and have therefore had ample opportunities for forming an opinion about him.\n\nTo the Master Wardens and Court of Assistants\n\nof the Worshipful Company of Skinners.\n\nI am, GENTLEMEN,\n\nYour obedient servant,\n\nGRAHAM HASTINGS.\n\n302\n\nGENTLEMEN,\n\nFrom Basil Field, Esq., of the Firm of Field, Roscoe & Co.\n\n36, LINCOLN'S INN FIELDS,\n\nLONDON, 4th December, 1877.\n\nMr. EDWARD HUME of the Equity Bar, who is a candidate for your Secretaryship, was for some months in our office. He was chiefly engaged in business connected with the acquisition of the site for the New Law Courts, in which he not only acted as one of the conveyancing staff, but had the care and arrangement of many letters and papers. The careful and methodical way in which he performed the work entrusted to him, and the ability shown then and since in work of a more purely legal nature enable me to say without hesitation, that I consider you will be fortunate, if you secure his services as your Secretary.\n\nTo the Master Wardens and Court of Assistants\n\nof the Worshipful Company of Skinners.\n\nYours obediently,\n\nBASIL FIELD.\n\nPage 303", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-196 - Public Offices & Others - 1881.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 452042, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-418 - Public Offices & Others - 1914", "page_number": 400, "title": "CO129-418 - Public Offices & Others - 1914", "content_text": "## \n\n324 \n\npronounced these our endeavours to be an advantage for the people of this colony. Victoria, besides Stow being the entrance to all our inland-stations, we would be separated from the whole of our Chinese mission field, in case our communication with Hong Kong should be shut up. Your Excellency will be aware what it means for a Society to be out of touch with a staff of 46 missionaries and 38 missionary ladies. Besides, there are 25 children. At the present moment, we do not know to what privations and other hardships they may be exposed. Our Society is partly Swiss and partly German, headquarters being at Basel in Switzerland. Is it too much to expect that a work done for the benefit of Hong Kong will be considered and dealt with in the same manner as international institutions placed under the flag of the \"red cross\"? \n\nI need not assure your Excellency that our missionaries on all occasions have been loyal to the English Government in Hong Kong and tried their best to foster a spirit of loyalty amongst the Christians of our persuasion. \n\nWe beseech your Excellency to relieve our mission stations and our Society from this grave care and to do what is within your power to counter-act the obstruction or ruin of a work including such a large amount of self-sacrifice and pure love. We have experienced the benevolence and help of the British Government on so many occasions that we rest assured also in this time of sore affliction we shall not have vainly appealed to English magnanimity. \n\nMay I assure your Excellency in conclusion that we shall", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-418 - Public Offices & Others - 1914.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 453003, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-420 - Governor Sir May - 1915 [1-2]", "page_number": 359, "title": "CO129-420 - Governor Sir May - 1915 [1-2]", "content_text": "# \n\n356 \n\ncommitted any offence against section 40 of the Army Act. In order \nthat the facts of the case might be on record I asked after the trial for a copy of the depositions in the case, and I received a copy, the reply of which is enclosed. I regret that Mr. Bitzer was tried by a Field Court Martial, and on this point I append a minute by the Crown Solicitor.\n\nI should have liked to learn Mr. Bitzer's explanation of the fact that he sent letters by hand to his Mission Stations outside the Colony. There are many Stations of the Mission in the Kwangtung Province and it is possible that at some there is no Post Office.\n\n4. Mr. Bitzer was sentenced to 4 months imprisonment by the Court Martial, but the General Officer Commanding reduced the sentence to one of 28 days imprisonment, and Mr. Bitzer was released after 5 days detention on the ground of ill-health.\n\n5. I may add that during the presence in Hongkong of the members of the Basel Mission there was no evidence of their engaging in any Anti-British propaganda among the Chinese population.\n\nI have the honour to be, \nSir, \nYour most obedient, \nhumble servant, \n**Mona** \nGovernor, &c.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-420 - Governor Sir May - 1915 [1-2].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 462006, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-433 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [5-6]", "page_number": 639, "title": "CO129-433 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [5-6]", "content_text": "# CANADA AND INDIA \n## Vol. 1.\n\nA Journal of Information and Conciliation.\n\n\"The Strongest of all British Bonds are Knowledge and Sympathy.\" - Poem (Whitman)\n\n### The Unity of Civilization.\n\n#### India \n#### Canada \n#### Great Britain \n\nOCTOBER, 1915\n\nIn this broad Earth of ours, \nAmid the measureless grossness and the slag, \nEnclosed and safe within its central heart \nNestles the seed Perfection. \nBy every life a share, or more or less, \nNone born but it is born—concealed or unconcealed, \nthe seed is waiting. \nOut of the bulk, the morbid and the shallow, \nOut of the bad majority—the varied, countless \nfrauds of men and States, \nElectric, antiseptic yet—cleaving, suffusing all, \nOnly the good is universal. \nAll, all for Immortality! \nLove, like the light, silently wrapping all! \nNature's amelioration blessing all! \nThe blossoms, fruits of ages—orchards divine and \ncertain; \nForms, objects, growths, humanities, to spiritual \nImages ripening. \n—Walt Whitman.\n\n## THE UNITY OF CIVILIZATION.\n\nMr. F. S. Marvin in the Hibbert Journal writes: \"If we assume, as the Stoics assumed, as the Christian Church has always preached, as the greatest modern prophets have foreseen from Pascal and Turgot, from Kant and Goethe to this day, that man is born for ultimate unity and that all real progress consists in an approach to it, then a clear principle appears of which we can understand the roots and by which we may judge the tendency and the validity of all the isolated movements in history. And we shall see that beneath the turmoil of conflict the outbreaks of savagery and the just certainty of heavy retribution there are uniting forces still at work, stronger than ever in the world, and a closer texture of international unity in science, commerce, and the arts of life, which may be torn, but cannot be destroyed.\"\n\nDr. J. Chunder Bose, of Calcutta, speaking of the results of his world-famed scientific experiments in the borderland of physics and physiology, and which have opened up a new field in scientific research and have demonstrated the unity of all matter, says: \"It was when I came upon the mute witness of these self-made records, and perceived in them one plan of a pervading unity that bears within it all things: the mote that quivers in ripples of light, the teeming life upon our earth, and the radiant sun that shines above us—it was then that I understood for the first time a little of that message proclaimed by my ancestors on the banks of the Ganges thirty centuries ago: 'They who see but one in all the changing manifestations of this universe, unto them belongs Eternal Truth—to none else, unto none else.'\"\n\n## No. 2 \n### INDIA, CANADA, AND THE EMPIRE.\n\nThese are days of heart searchings, in spite of the unwonted calls to action. Pulpit, press, and private individuals are alike sifting causes and asking questions. Why are Christian nations plunged into war in this 20th century of the Christian era? Why are their wealth, knowledge of science, power of organization—fruits of human industry and experience which wisely employed might make this world very fair—now turned to the uses of destruction, senseless destruction, of human life and human achievement? How was the point reached when this could happen? Is it not that the teaching and ordinary life were separated, that it was said practically, and often actually, that they must be separated? Thus has been built up the structure which now is crumbling, nay, violently falling, into ruins because its foundations are unequal to the weight imposed. Is there any salvation for the nations but to dig deeper until they have reached that basic principle of the unity of humanity which has been taught by all the great teachers and great religions of the world?\n\n\"All things whatsoever ye would that men should do to you, do ye also the same to them,\" is an injunction of the Christ. Can we call a civilization Christian which ignores it in the general management of its material concerns, which puts in its place the practical dictum of competition, \"Get as much as you can for as little as you can give\"? In the Bhagavad Gita, Krishna also teaches the evil of selfishness in different words: \"The impious who dress food for their own sakes, they verily eat sin.\"\n\nIt is useless to say, as the West has long said, this is religion and not business. If there is one thing which this terrible war is proving, it is that religion—spiritual laws—and the common business of this life cannot be separated without an awful aftermath of suffering and destruction.\n\nThe time is one of self-revelation to individuals and nations. It also holds the glorious opportunity for self-realization along higher and truer lines of thought and action based upon the \"old Wisdom.\"\n\n## INDIA.\n\n### RECIPROCITY WITH THE COLONIES.\n\nReciprocity with the colonies is a topic of paramount importance to which very rightly at the last session of the Indian National Congress considerable attention was devoted. The United Provinces Congress Committee has submitted a representation on the subject to the Government of India. It behoves every Indian citizen to give careful thought to this question.\n\nTheoretically I do not care for the second best. But practical politics mean concessions, and I quite realize that, if the self-governing colonies do not admit freely men from the Mother Country, they are not likely to concede to the Indian an unrestricted right of emigration. It is also easy to understand that, if we agree to send only a limited number of our men under prescribed conditions to these colonies, they may admit them. But will that secure to us all that we are fairly entitled to? What has embittered feelings very much in the past is the differential treatment accorded to the Indian. Other Orientals are treated better. Being a member of...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-433 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [5-6].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 468139, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-442 - Governor Sir May - 1917 [4-6]", "page_number": 443, "title": "CO129-442 - Governor Sir May - 1917 [4-6]", "content_text": "intraed .1 .0 .Jueil .bmS \n\n-de ruð eniroaki beɖorðte) Ifidorosł .M.A \n\n(nois- \n\n„D1.8.ES bøttesoð \n\nbanfredtuë .я \n\n81.0.ES \n\nbedantta) df.si.rs \n\nnorail .0 .Ð \n\n(noidnel Føðnroll \n\n1' H* LATONFLEM \n\n.1inJE.III \n\nTo ac¿tuh ert hodetupatler nottura .1 .1 .0 nindqeð \n\nTot hebпones galed aid no „VIGI,#brek .ritÕI sit no taatu¿bå ndtw 1-0,nidqr0 .0 nietq ban ynold ent shiatuo yjuk yandilkm „Jandujhā hetnłoqqe saw (budordt>) creednulo¥ ef?¿A „Day Bid şnktub sham srov lìatë ont nå sagrado terito di \n\n•Tepito nitoevanī .VI \n\nhetnioqqe arw akdejor4 AV zebrero là .V JA .109 .Jueid \n\n.A nistqɛð soir „dies „rodmevol.dal and ne reoi110 zaidooqeni .ynold edt gaivoni ættri sát no tremigor eams est le [[abbk Teoi110 gaidoeqanl betnieqqe saw yıêmîni Nt81 angroM JA .H rojol VIGI „NOTAM „stic and no sɛbarrel▲ „V .A .500 .Jueil besosus ot „ynofol edt zatvoel mitol est no \n\n• \n\n.aeitpl brou-0 .Y \n\n.0.0. I to brug yĺkeb a bedeicut evad „8 ‚V .X ‚H adT \n\nend da squɗ Testnu[oV .X.H act #kw nɔoor stented in no mm à bas .basiel anecdusenetë no noitetƐ assiOT}W \n\naniniert Iezoreð .IV \n\ngairuh ba yldnew tray oft gniwb bled med evad asb-70% \n\n‚yneqmoð ̧notInddad to guideienoo yĺžnew so int redd new zeloso sold ano itousteni vidozardi „gatttigil donoy-8,[[17] beupë bas moote 19 sometel bạn Youth Binh Ti live \"shi no som thì bao steoquo sad wovrebne obrzaq dose ja vaniniert yıtnotal al owah hisi sa Jnerettih diw qu emit ert ebivik of aldianoq as mi se obou need „Nora 08 TO BEtunim OS to aeoitoeng \n\n.IIV \n\nVII Bayonet Fighting. \n\n440 \n\nThe officers and Sergeants have attended Classes and received \n\nSpecial Instruction from 2 Instructors of the 4th. K. §. I. I. \n\nand have been able to instruct their Platoons at parades. \n\nVIII Field Operations. \n\nField Operations were held in the New Territories in New Kowloon \n\non Sunday the 23rd. January and Sunday the 11th. February 1917 \n\nin accordance with General and Special Ideas previously prepared. \n\nThe Officers being detailed to go over the country previously so as \n\nto gain a knowledge of the ground. Field operations have also \n\nbeen held in the Sookunpoo Valley and neighbourhood on several \n\noccasions. \n\n(XI) Inspections \n\nThe Corps was inspected by His Excellency the General Officer \n\nCommanding on the Polo Ground on the 26th. July 1916. His Excellency \n\nalso inspected the Corps at their various mobilisation stations in \n\nthe Victoria Section and the patrols furnished from Aberdeen to \n\nStanley on the 24th. March 1917. \n\nX Machine Gun Section. \n\nThe Machine Gun Section consists of 1 Officer, 2nd. Lieut. Thornhill \n\nand 13 N. C. Os. and men with 2 Machine guns they have drilled \n\ntwice weekly during the year the Instructor being Sergeant W. Bowles \n\n4th. K. S. L. I. who has now left. All are now qualified Machine gunners. The Section has taken part in all Field Days and Field Exercises with the Corps and have fired Part I of the Machine gun \n\nCourse in 1916 and 1917 and Part II in 1917. It is hoped that more \n\nammunition will be available during the current year for firing \n\npractices. \n\nII Signalling Section \n\nThe Signalling Section consists of 1 Sergeant 1 Lance Sergt. 2 Lance Corporals and 9 Privates in addition to 2 on leave. Practices are held usually 3 times a week. The training has consisted of Visual Signalling (including buzzer) based upon the Signalling Training \n\nManual.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-442 - Governor Sir May - 1917 [4-6].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 495145, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-480 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1923 [4-7]", "page_number": 164, "title": "CO129-480 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1923 [4-7]", "content_text": "THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, FRIDAY, MAY 25TH, 1913\n\nTHE COLONY'S WAR MEMORIAL\n\nUNVEILING OF THE CENOTAPH YESTERDAY.\n\nIMPOSING CEREMONIAL.\n\nTHE SPEECHES.\n\n... Judas the Machabee, and pray that they may ... and in God the everlasting reward they have deserved by their sacrifice on the battle field. Eternal rest give to them, O Lord: and let perpetual light shine upon them.\"\n\nHis Excellency THE GOVERNOR then walked up to the Monument, saluted, laid a wreath, and retired.\n\n**Last Tributes.**\n\nFrom Sir Robert and Lady Ho Tung. **In remembrance, from Messrs. Butterfield and Swire and Staff** (The inscription contains the names of 17 men who fell in the War. The names appear under the headings of Butterfield and Swire, Taikoo Dock and the China Navigation Co).\n\nFrom Gilman and Co. Ltd.”\n\n\"In loving memory of 1st Class P.O. Blansdon, S.S. Thalia, sunk by German submarine November 3rd, 1914. Greater love hath no man who giveth his life for a friend.\n\n\"In loving memory of William Howell Hongkong, united by many ties with the heart of the Empire, established,\n\nTen buglers from the King's Regiment, Mr. BERNARD, in asking His Excellency then ascended the steps of the monument, another link yesterday when, with impressive ceremonial, the Colony's War Memorial was unveiled. The Cenotaph, an exact replica of the one in Whitehall, London, was unveiled and dedicated to \"The Glorious Dead.\"\n\nIt constitutes only part of our War Memorial. A Nursing Home is also being built to fill a much felt need in the Colony.\n\nAfter a brief pause the Band played the National Anthem, which has long been known as a symbol of unity.\n\nThis completed the official proceedings, and the general public were able to place their own wreaths at the base of the Cenotaph.\n\nThere was a continuous stream of people visiting the Cenotaph until dusk, and the collection of wreaths and bunches of flowers placed at the base of the memorial kept growing. As darkness set in, large numbers of Chinese clustered around, and in the end, it was found necessary to post a special guard of police to guard the tributes.\n\nThe granite monument has no decoration and the inscription \"The Glorious Dead\" with the date, 1919, in Roman figures. On either side, three bronze flagstaffs project from the masonry and carry, on the centre flagstaff, the Union Jack flanked by the White and the Red Ensign. The Cenotaph is 35 feet in height, and the base measures 18ft. 6 inches by 8ft. 6 inches. Four approaches, cobbled and paved with granite, bisect the grass lawns beyond the Memorial.\n\nAs is generally known, Hongkong's tribute to those who died in the War is to include a Nursing Home to be erected at a cost of roughly a million dollars. The present memorial cost $60,000 exclusive of the site, which was dedicated to the purpose by the Government.\n\nAmong the large gathering present yesterday, seated in the temporary stands erected around the Memorial, were to be noticed all the members of the Executive and Legislative Councils, the members of the War Memorial Committee, the Consuls of all the Powers represented in Hongkong, practically all the Naval and Military Officers at present in the Colony, and a representative gathering of the general public, including a large number of ladies and children.\n\nThe verandahs overlooking the Square were thronged with people, whilst on those of the Hongkong Club, seats had been specially erected for the accommodation of members and their wives. The official arrangements were remarkably efficient, and the whole proceedings went through without a hitch.\n\nAt each corner of the steps which constitute the base of the Cenotaph, there stood, with arms reversed, a sailor of the Royal Navy, a dark-skinned soldier of the Bombay Grenadiers, a khaki-clad \"Tommy\" of the King's Regiment, and a member of the Hongkong Volunteer Defence Force, respectively.\n\nH.E. The GOVERNOR Said: \"My Lord Bishop, ladies and gentlemen, We have met here to-day to unveil this memorial to those who gave their lives for their country in the greatest war in which the British Empire has ever taken part.\n\n...\n\nTHE FLORAL TRIBUTES.\n\n\"In loving memory of my dear brother Sgt. Major Gordon C. Nicholls who died at the Battle of Arras, April 12th, 1918, from Capt. and Mrs. Pearson and daughter.\"\n\n\"To our departed brother, Frank M. Soares, from the members of the Catholic Union Club.\"\n\nFrom the W.O's., S. Sgts., Sgts., of the Garrison Sergeants Mess.\"\n\nFrom Messrs. Jardine, Matheson and Co., Ltd., in loving remembrance of those who gave their lives in the defence of the Empire.\"\n\nFrom S. David and Co.\"\n\nFrom the members of the Ewo Mess in grateful and loving remembrance of the men who died for the Empire in the Great War.\"\n\n\"In memory of 2nd Lieut. R. J. Stevenson, 1st Hants. Regt., who died of wounds in France, May 10th, 1918, aged 23.\"\n\nThe following is a list of the wreaths and bunches of flowers placed at the base by seven o'clock last night:—\n\nThe Governor.\n\nFrom the Consular Body of Hongkong to Great Britain's Honoured Dead.\n\n\"In memory of our fallen comrades from the Ex-Active Service Men's Association, 1914-1918.\"\n\nThe British Legion.\n\nFrom the Society of St. George, Hongkong—in loving remembrance of those who gave their lives in the Great War in defence of the Empire.\"\n\nTo the memory of four dear brothers and all the Glorious Dead, from Mr. and Mrs. S. Deacon.\"\n\nFrom David Sassoon & Co., Ltd.\"\n\nFrom Mr. and Mrs. H. W. Bird. In loving memory of Lieut. Henry Doom Vernon, R.M.A., drowned at sea, September, 1914.. R.I.P.\"\n\nFrom Mr. and Mrs. Bird in loving memory of Squadron Commander Theophilus Chater Vernon, R.F.C. killed at the Somme, September, 1916.\"\n\n\"In loving remembrance of Uncle Will of William Peter Clark, D.C.M., Oxford and Bucks Light Infantry; also Cousin Harry Naffel, R.A.—Jim and Artie Clark.\"\n\nFrom the President and members of St. Andrew's Society—in memory of those who gave their lives in the Great War.\"\n\nFrom R. H. Kotwall on behalf of the Chinese community of Hongkong, with homage.\"\n\nFrom the Committee and members of the Hongkong General Chamber of Commerce, in memory of those who gave their lives in the Empire's cause.\n\n\"Da Communidade Portuguesa de Hongkong.\"\n\nFrom the Royal Navy.\n\nFrom 2nd Bn., King's Regiment.\n\nFrom the 4th B. K. E. O. Grenadiers.\n\nFrom the Hongkong Volunteer Defence Corps.\n\n\"In loving memory of Edmund John Waldegrave, 2nd Lieut., R.G.A., killed in action, August 10th, 1918.\"\n\n\"In loving memory of Alec Macdonald; from P. H. and N. G. Holyoak.\"\n\nIn memoriam of Messrs. A. G. Vitor, G. Block, C. E. A. Hancock—true sportsmen every one; from the Committee and members of the V.R.C.\"\n\nFrom the Standard Oil Company of New York.\n\nFrom the flower men of Hongkong.\n\n\"In loving memory of F. H. Robinson; from Winnie and Basil Raworth.\"\n\nFrom Se Seng-kce, 7-8, Wyndham Street.\n\n\"In loving memory of Ian Carmichael, R.A.F., from P. H. and N. G. Holyoak.\"\n\nThe King's Regt., with bayonets fixed, and headed by the Band, marched down from Murray Barracks.\n\nThe Guard of Honour drawn from the Navy, the Royal Marines, the King's and the other regiments in the Colony, and representatives from the Old Comrades Association, E.A.S.M.A., the Defence Corps, and the Police, assembled in the Naval Yard earlier in the afternoon, and marched up to the Cenotaph headed by pipers of the Bombay Grenadiers.\n\nThe BISHOP OF VICTORIA (Dr. DEPPUY) said the following Dedicatory Prayer:\n\n\"In the faith of Jesus Christ we dedicate this Cenotaph to the sacred memory of those who gave their lives in the Great War. In the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost. Amen.\"\n\nAfter a slight pause, the Rev. J. KIRK MACONACHIE recited the following:\n\n\"Christ is risen from the dead; and become the first fruits of them that slept.\n\nFor in Adam all die: even so in Christ shall all be made alive.\n\nGlory be to the Father, and to the Son, and to the Holy Ghost.\n\nAs it was in the beginning, is now, and ever shall be: world without end, Amen.\"\n\nPage 363\n\nPage 363\n\nPage 363\n\nCALCUTTA.\n\nRS. 31,000 WORTH OF COCAINE HAUL ON TANDA.\n\nThe latest Calcutta papers to hand report a very large seizure of cocaine on the s.s. Tanda:\n\nThe Customs staff got information that the s.s. Tanda, plying between China and India and lying at the Outram Ghat moorings had on board some of this contraband stuff and immediately got to work.\n\nThe Customs staff having taken all precautions to guard the vessel, began the work of ransacking the vessel for the cocaine.\n\nHaving found a clue that the stuff may be in the coal store, the Customs officers set to the work of shovelling the coal in the bunkers.\n\nIt was a very severe task in the great heat.\n\nTheir efforts were early crowned with slight success as they were able to find a small quantity of cocaine.\n\nThis initial success assured them and they redoubled their efforts at shovelling away the coal.\n\nAfter about 300 tons of coal had been turned up and shifted, 620 ounces of cocaine, valued at about Rs. 31,000 was found to the joy of the Customs staff.\n\nNo arrests were made as the smugglers and their agents got away from the ship when the Customs staff came on board.\n\nPage 364\n\nPage 364\n\nPage 364", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-480 - Governor Sir Stubbs - 1923 [4-7].txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 496847, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-483 - Others & Individuals - 1923", "page_number": 92, "title": "CO129-483 - Others & Individuals - 1923", "content_text": "## \n\n88 \n\n**Under Secretary of State** \n\n**Colonial Office** \n\nNorth Borneo the Rev. P. Schule who is of German nationality \nand who formerly worked in that field, and that applications \nare at present being made for the return of Basel missionaries \nto other parts of the Empire. Former missionaries of the \nBasel Society have been allowed by the French Government to \nreturn to the French Cameroons in connection with the Paris \nEvangelical Missionary Society. Permission has recently been \ngiven by H.M. Secretary of State for the Colonies to the United \nFree Church of Scotland to send out three German missionaries \nof the Bremen Society to the Gold Coast to resume work in their \nformer fields. In the case of the application on behalf of \nMr Jucker, no question of German nationality arises since \nhis nationality is Swiss. \n\nAs the return of Mr Jucker is a question of considerable urgency from the standpoint of the Basel Mission, \nwe should esteem it a favour if an early reply could be \ngiven to this request, either to us or directly by the \nGovernment of Hong Kong to Mr Jucker who is at present \nstationed at Canton. \n\nI am \nSir, \nYour obedient servant, \nE. N. Oldham", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-483 - Others & Individuals - 1923.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 505184, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-496 - Public Offices - 1926", "page_number": 450, "title": "CO129-496 - Public Offices - 1926", "content_text": "20 \n\nyears of the Institute it would be wise to place the leadership in the hands of Europeans, or at least of men who have had the best training Europe can give and have shown their power to profit by it. The rapid success of Japan in the Western arts has been largely due to the adoption of this policy, while a principal reason for the success of Germany and the United States in productive industry is their appreciation of the value of using organised teams of well-trained men of science in the attack on industrial problems. \n\nIf this were the policy of the new Institute, the same practical aims would be found in its Department of Economics. This Department should begin by a careful survey of the export trade of China with a view to selecting those materials and products for scientific study which are most hopeful and important. The lesson of Tung oil would indicate the method of approach. The Department would no doubt go on to consider on a statistical basis the directions in which, with the help of science, waste could be avoided in production or marketing, with a view to ameliorating the poverty of the people. From these concrete studies economic generalisations would in time emerge which would put economics in China upon a sound basis of ascertained fact. \n\nIt is not suggested that \"pure science\" should be excluded from the Institute. If men capable of adding to knowledge in this way should appear, they should be encouraged and not excluded—for all \"useful\" knowledge is based upon the work of such men. \n\nIt is here only a question of what the primary purpose of the Institute should be. The purposes of the Imperial College of Science and Technology are those we have in mind—interpreted in a similarly liberal spirit. \n\nAPPENDIX II. \n\nLETTER FROM DR. W. H. WONG (OF THE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CHINA) AND OTHERS REGARDING THE ESTABLISHMENT OF A NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. \n\nTo the British China Indemnity Delegation, Peking. \n\nDear Sirs, \n\nPeking, June 6, 1926. \n\nThe undersigned have the honour to submit for your consideration a memorandum on the use of a portion of the Returned Indemnity Fund for the establishment of a national institute of science and technology. \n\nTrusting that the scheme will receive your favourable consideration. \n\nWe beg to be, dear Sirs, \n\nYours very faithfully, \n\nWONG WEN-HAO. CHEN SHIH-CHANG. And about a dozen others. \n\nMemorandum on the Establishment of a National Institute of Science and Technology. \n\nThe generosity of the British people and Government in returning to China the Indemnity Fund imposes upon the Chinese the duty to devise the best means to utilise this fund for the greatest benefit of the Chinese people, so that such generosity may not be wasted. In this spirit, the undersigned beg to call special attention of the British China Indemnity Delegation, and the full board which it represents, on the scheme for the establishment of a National Institute (or Research Institute) of Science and Technology. \n\n21 \n\nI—Object. \n\nThe object of such an Institute is to be threefold:— \n\n1. Research. The importance and necessity of scientific and technical researches are too evident to need any explanation. The organisation of research laboratories is, however, especially urgent in China, as we have immense natural resources awaiting to be developed not only for the benefit of China, but for the world at large. To develop such natural resources it requires, first of all, full investigation and studies. It is true there exists in China already a number of universities and technical colleges, but they offer little opportunities for original research. There are also students of pure and applied sciences who return every year from Europe and America, and most of them are prepared to pursue the study on their special lines. Therefore, the establishment of research laboratories will greatly assist both the cultural and economic development of this country. \n\n2. Exploration. There is no doubt that China offers unusual opportunity for scientific discoveries. The remarkable results attained by the occasional foreign expeditions and a few Chinese institutions working in most unfavourable conditions warrant best success of more systematic explorations. A number of scientific problems are waiting for solution from local studies in China; and many a part of this immense country and its dependencies have scarcely been touched by scientific investigation. Field study shall be, therefore, systematically carried out in order to fully investigate the hitherto imperfectly known resources and eventually to discover unknown ones. Better knowledge cannot fail to bring about better use. \n\n3. Exhibition. In conjunction with the above work, museum or museums should be organised to exhibit specimens of natural and industrial products of various provinces with explanations and illustrations so as to be useful to both special students and the general public. Exhibition may be also made of the scientific and technical instruments with practical demonstration of their uses. A well-arranged exhibition is always the best thing for popularising scientific knowledge, and a good combination of the museum with laboratory and field work will give it still more living interest and higher scientific value. \n\nII—Scope. \n\nThe proposed institute shall include the following divisions:— \n\n1. Department of Physics and Chemistry—There are the basic sciences which have the greatest need of organised effort and adequate equipment in China. Besides the theoretical problems of general interest, special attention shall be paid towards matters of practical utility and local problems. An ideal plan would be to establish some such organisation as the Physico-Chemical Institute in Japan. \n\n2. Department of Botany and Zoology. This will include botanical and zoological gardens, marine biological stations and agricultural experimental stations, &c. Besides the systematic faunal and floral survey of the country, improvement of seeds, fighting of plant diseases and insect devastation, experiment on fertilisers, study on oil-bearing plants, scientific method of breeding, &c., are but the few practical problems which can be immediately thought of and which would help most materially to increase the national prosperity. \n\n3. Department of Geology and Mineralogy—The richness of Chinese coal resources is well known, but still imperfectly surveyed. Of the metallic mines, such as antimony, tungsten, manganese, &c., discovery of which dates back only a few decades or even a few years, and yet their industry assumes already a world-wide importance. Fuller investigation cannot fail to result in more discoveries and better utilisation. \n\n446 \n\nPage 450\nPage 451", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-496 - Public Offices - 1926.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 507308, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-500-1 Canton situation- governor's despatches 18-5-1927 - 9-6-1927", "page_number": 39, "title": "CO129-500-1 Canton situation- governor's despatches 18-5-1927 - 9-6-1927", "content_text": "## Europe Stirred By New Rumors Of Balkan Wars\n\nParis, March 19.--Europe's war-spitting volcano, the Balkans, again is muttering ominously and belching dangerous sparks. This is established here beyond a doubt from conflicting reports reaching Paris from Rome and Belgrade and emanating from the Balkan states by various circuitous routes, to the effect on the one hand, that Italy is sending munitions and warships to the Albanian coast, and, on the other hand, that Jugo-Slavia is fostering an uprising in Northern Albania and preparing to invade that country to overthrow Ahmed Zogu's Government.\n\n## THE CANTON GAZETTE, WEDNESDAY, MAY 18, 1927\n\n### Sven Hedin Agrees To Police Continue Joint Chino-Swedish Science Expedition Search Proceeds To Turkestan\n\nRagly, May 15.--The police are still translating documents and work is being carried on behind drawn blinds so as to shield the detectives from curious eyes. Numbers of women are now participating in the proceedings, assisting the police in the role of interpreters and in possession of the Arcos buildings. The systematic search authorised by magistrate's warrant was continued until last night and was resumed today.\n\nPeking, May 6.--As the result of an agreement signed between Dr. Sven Hedin and Mr. Chow Shao-si Chiang, representative of the federation of Chinese scientific organizations in Peking, a joint Sino-Swedish scientific expedition will leave Peking on May 8 and explore regions of historical, geological, and archaeological interest in Chinese Turkestan (Sinkiang). The official name of the party is the Northwestern Scientific Expedition.\n\nThe Chinese personnel of the party consists of Mr. Tan, astronomist; Mr. Chao Yah-tserg, of the Geological Survey; Messrs. Hsu Yao-shen and Huang Chung-liar, archaeologists; Mr. Yuan Hsi-yuan, geologist; Mr. Kurg Yuan-chung, photographer, and four students. These represent the choice of the executive council of the federation of Chinese scientific organizations. The foreign personnel of the party is to be selected by Dr. Hedin, according to the agreement.\n\n### Dual Leadership\n\nThe expedition is expected to be in the field for two years. There will be two leaders, one Chinese and one Swedish. Dr. Hedin is the logical Swedish candidate, as he is responsible for the selection of the foreign staff. The name of the Chinese leader has not yet been revealed. The two will have equal power, although both are subject to the supervision of the executive council of the expedition to be established specially for the purpose.\n\nOne of the terms of the agreement provides that Dr. Hedin shall be responsible for all expenses of the expedition, including food supplies of the staff, purchase of tents, wages of servants, etc. In addition to this, Dr. Hedin shall pay $850 a month to the Chinese association from the start to the conclusion of the expedition.\n\n### Its Meaning\n\nThis means, apparently, that should Italy install troops in Albania ostensibly to \"preserve order and protect the Government\" she has England's sanction through Sir Austen Chamberlain's highly important verbal compact made with Premier Mussolini of Italy, at Leghorn last October, previous to the cementing of the Tirana pact.\n\n### Route Laid Out\n\nThe route of the expedition is defined as follows: Peking, Paotouchen, Shukunul, Hami, Tienhua, Lupunul, and Chuerhchen. Any slight deviation from this route may be arranged between the Swedish and Chinese leaders of the party, but in case of important changes, the approval of the executive council of the association must be secured.\n\nThe agreement defines the object of the joint expedition as the study of geological, seismic, climatic, astronomic, and archaeological conditions. The folklore of the people may also be the subject of inquiry, but all things affecting the national defence of China are placed beyond the scope of investigation of the party. Another regulation provides that no structures of historic and artistic value shall be damaged or destroyed, nor shall members of the expedition be allowed to purchase relics in their private capacity. Large-scale excavations are forbidden.\n\n## London, May 16. With reference to the alleged arrangement of a Credit Scheme, involving £10,000,000 between the Midland Bank and the Soviet Trade Delegation, which has been officially declared by the former incorrect, Sir Allan Smith, interviewed by the Financial Times, stated that the categorical character of the Midland Bank's denial placed him in a somewhat delicate position, and he could only imagine that some technicality existed, which rendered the Agreement \"slightly short of completion.\"--Reuter.\n\nLondon, May 16.--In contrast with the previous roar of concrete breakers, only the muffled click of typewriters is heard all day long from the Arcos House, as the police continued to work, searching and classifying the contents of the safes and strong rooms. An air of mystery is imparted to the proceedings by the fact that the work is being carried on behind drawn blinds so as to shield the detectives from curious eyes.\n\n## France Is Embarrassed\n\nFrench Foreign Office is very anxious over the present situation and the Quai d'Orsay tonight is seeking definite information on the exact status of relations between Jugo-Slavia and Albania. It is frankly acknowledged that any outbreak or sudden rupture between the Balkan states would seriously menace European peace. Moreover, any attack by Albania against Jugo-Slavia or vice versa would extremely embarrass France. France's position is all the more delicate because Italy's political invasion of Albania is believed to have received the open sanction of Great Britain through Sir Austen Chamberlain's highly important verbal compact made with Premier Mussolini of Italy, at Leghorn last October, previous to the cementing of the Tirana pact.\n\nFurther unofficial reports here tonight state that in the past two weeks four Italian naval vessels have been dispatched to a point near Durazzo, on the Albania coast, loaded with munitions and arms, and that one hundred Italian officers also were sent. The accounts add that it is believed Italy soon will occupy all the villages along the Albanian littoral.\n\nInformation from Vallona says numerous transport and war materials are arriving there from Italy, destined for Albania, these being sent by the Italian Navy. At the same time, dispatches emphasize the internal dissension between Zogu's supporters and a strong Roman Catholic group opposing him. The discontent is portrayed as being at such a pitch that an insurrection may break out any moment.\n\n## Shaky Nerves\n\nLondon, March 19.--During the last few weeks almost all Europe has become included in what might properly be called the diplomatic earthquake zone. Comment on the political upheaval is making itself heard as a vague rumbling, rather than as a definite shock, but it is undeniable that from London to Moscow and from Helsingfors to Bagdad there is a distinct atmosphere of nervous tension in diplomatic circles. Its extent may be gauged by the fact that even Switzerland, which managed to preserve neutrality through the great war, is discussing animatedly whether or not Italy may attempt forcibly to annex the Southern Swiss cantons, which are markedly Italian in general character.\n\nAs a background for the fears which are troubling this hemisphere, there are two main situations that border on hostility between Great Britain and Russia, and, secondly, the rivalry between France and Italy. Intermingled with these two basic situations--sometimes directly connected thereto and sometimes with only the vaguest association--there are innumerable local feuds, jealousies, and bickerings. As has been usual, these exist in the properly acute form in Central and Eastern Europe. There is hardly a single nation which has not some private quarrel, in addition to its alignment on one or the other of the two larger issues mentioned above.\n\nSir Austen Chamberlain has denied the rumor of an Anglo-Polish pact against the Soviet, and officials in London deny with equal emphasis reports of Anglo-German rapprochement for the same purpose.\n\n## Advertisements\n\n### PETER MUSIC CO.\n\nWHOLESALE AND RETAIL\n\nAll Kinds of Music and Musical Instruments.\n\nSole Distributors: \"MORRISON\" PIANOS\n\n33, Miu Chin Street, West, Tungshau, Canton.\n\n### SEND YOUR MESSAGES BY WIRELESS\n\nCheaper and Faster Service\n\nTO\n\nShanghai, Nanking, Foochow, Hankow, etc.\n\nMessages, official or private, are despatched immediately, day and night.\n\nApply to Office at 50 (old number) Second Bund (Yee-Maloo) Nankwan.\n\n### CANTON WIRELESS STATION, MINISTRY OF COMMUNICATIONS\n\n### NATIONAL THEATRE (North Wing Hon Road)\n\nTues. to Thurs. May 17th to 19th.\n\nAt 12.30, 2.30, 7.00, and 9.00 P.M.\n\nBEBE DANIELS and NORMAN KERRY in \"DARING YOUTH\" in 8 reels\n\nALSO COMEDIES And NEWS\n\nNext Change Fri. and Mon. 20th and 23rd. \"THE LIVING BUDDHA\" Part II A Chinese Picture\n\nComing BETTY COMPSON and LEATRICE JOY in \"LADIES MUST LIVE\"\n\n### PEARL THEATRE (Opposite DUTCH FOLLY, THE BUND)\n\nPROGRAMME FOR Tues. to Wed., May 17th to 18th.\n\nAt 2.30, 7.00, and 9.15 p.m.\n\nGOLDWYN Presents \"BREAD\" A Picturization of the World Famous Novel by Chas. G. Norris\n\nWith an all Star cast including Mae Busch, Hobart Bosworth, Robert Frazer, Eugenie Besserer, Wanda Hawley, Myrtle Stedman, Pat O'Malley, and Ward Crane.\n\nALSO LARRY SEMON in \"MIDNIGHT CABARET\" A Comedy in two parts.\n\nNext Attraction! Commencing Thurs. May 19th. BUSTER KEATON in \"SEVEN CHANCES\" 7 Reels\n\n### The Globe & Rutgers Fire Insurance Co. OF NEW YORK\n\nAll classes of Insurance transacted\n\nGENERAL AGENTS American Asiatic Underwriters, (South China) Fed. Inc. U.S.A., Mission & Building, The Bund\n\n## \"CHING TANG\"---PURGE THE PARTY---MOVEMENT: SLOGANS FOR THE PEOPLE ARE ISSUED BY PROPAGANDA DEPT.\n\nFollowing is a translation of the series of slogans issued by the Propaganda Committee of the Kwangtung Provincial Special Kuomintang, which publishers are required to print daily in the newspapers for the information of the people:\n\n1. Down with the Chinese Communist Party, which is treacherous to our late Director, Dr. Sun Yat-sen.\n2. Down with the Chinese Communist Party, which is against the San Min Chu I (Three People's Principles).\n3. Down with the Chinese Communist Party, which is paly destroying the People's Revolution.\n4. Down with the Chinese Communist Party, which is undoing the work of the Northern Expedition.\n5. Down with the Chinese Communist Party, which is utilizing bandits and labor usurpers to oppress the peasants and laborers.\n6. Down with the Chinese Communist Party, which is insulting and disgracing our late Director, Dr. Sun.\n7. Down with the Chinese Communist Party, which is plotting the downfall and destruction of the Kuomintang.\n8. To be against the Three People's Principles is to be a Counter-Revolutionary.\n9. To be against the Kuomintang is to be a Counter-Revolutionary.\n10. All power and authority belong to the Kuomintang.\n11. All true and loyal comrades of the Kuomintang must unite and rise.\n12. Down with all Counter-Revolutionaries.\n13. Down with all Opportunists.\n14. Concentrate the powers of the Kuomintang.\n15. Down with all forms of Imperialism.\n16. Down with the Fengtien clique of Militarists.\n17. Eradicate all corrupt officials, greedy gentries, and unscrupulous merchants.\n18. Be on guard against those who lean toward the Right Wing.\n19. To call a Strike against the Kuomintang is Counter-Revolutionary.\n20. Those who are not under the direction and guidance of the Kuomintang are not Revolutionaries.\n21. The masses of the people must rise and clean up the Counter-Revolutionary Chinese Communist Party.\n22. The masses of the people must rise and support the Chinese Kuomintang.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-500-1 Canton situation- governor's despatches 18-5-1927 - 9-6-1927.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 527548, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-530-2 Advisory Committee on Education in the Colonies- Hong Kong education report 1930 23-12-1930 - 12-10-1931", "page_number": 38, "title": "CO129-530-2 Advisory Committee on Education in the Colonies- Hong Kong education report 1930 23-12-1930 - 12-10-1931", "content_text": "# 54\n\nThe problem of higher technical education in Malaya.\n\n29. The problem of higher education as it presented itself to the Singapore Committee resolved itself practically into the question, whether a technical branch of the Raffles College would be successful. In answering this question in the negative, the Committee quoted the Director of Public Works for the Federated Malay States as having said :- \n\n\"For a higher collegiate or University training in engineering I consider that there is no demand. Locally trained Asiatics are unfitted to have administrative charge in a department with employees of several different races. The case of Hong Kong is different. China offers a vast field for Chinese engineers. Chinese (i.e., the Chinese in Malaya) would prefer to learn engineering in Hong Kong and it would be better for them.\"\n\n30. The Singapore Committee reported that they had reason to believe that Hong Kong graduates in engineering found it difficult to get suitable employment. It was noted that during the previous seven years (1918-1924) one hundred and seven students were awarded the Hong Kong University degree of B.Sc. in engineering, viz., an average of fifteen a year; but the Singapore Committee regarded it as certain that many of those graduates came from outside the Colony of Hong Kong. After citing the failure of the Government Technical College which was established in Colombo in 1893 to teach civil, mechanical and electrical engineering, but was converted in 1910 into a technical school for subordinates in Government departments, and remarking that a technical college cannot be an economic proposition unless in each of the classes in a four years' course there are approximately 30 students, the members unanimously declared themselves as not sanguine that a technical branch of the Raffles College would be successful----\n\n(i) until the struggle for existence grew more acute and the openings in agriculture and commerce for an increasing population fewer; \n\n(ii) until applied mathematics, drawing, manual instruction and elementary science, were regarded not as extras but as basic subjects in all the schools from which the students would be drawn; \n\n(iii) until the Asiatic parent was prepared to exercise the self-sacrifice, economy and patience which most Europeans have to exercise if they desire their children to devote several unpaid years to the study of a profession.\n\n31. The Committee summarized the position as follows:-- \n\n\"Any effort to open a technical branch at Raffles College will require for its success a liberal system of scholarships without which the children of all but wealthy parents will be unwilling to risk a long course of training dependent for its issue on the test of examinations. This is recognised by the Associated Chinese Chambers of Commerce of British Malaya which, in pressing for such a branch, hope that 'Government will see its way to award scholarships to bright boys from the English schools, preferably to those of poor parentage'.\n\n\"The provision of such scholarships for a favoured few forming, as we have seen, an infinitesimal portion of the population is, however, here as in England as much a matter of private endowment as for the expenditure of public money.\n\n32. As was realized by the Singapore Committee, some of the difficulties which that Committee found standing in the way of Higher Technical Education in British Malaya do not exist in this Colony, but it cannot be denied that the Engineering Faculty of the Hong Kong University has not altogether realized the high hopes (possibly they were unreasonable hopes) with which it was started. The Viceroy of Canton (His Excellency Chan Jen Chung) sent in 1909 a despatch to the chief officials of the various Government bureaux under his jurisdiction requesting them to meet and discuss means to raise subscriptions in aid of the Hong Kong University Endowment Fund. In the despatch, the Viceroy said that \"the teaching of applied science including civil, mechanical and electrical engineering and surveying meets the most urgent needs of our country.\" In the same year, Messrs. John Swire & Sons Ltd. and their allied interests contributed £40,000. In so doing, Mr. J. H. Scott, writing on behalf of his firm to Sir Frederick Lugard, said :-", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-530-2 Advisory Committee on Education in the Colonies- Hong Kong education report 1930 23-12-1930 - 12-10-1931.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 533073, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-538-2 Hong Kong University 23-6-1932 - 15-3-1933", "page_number": 47, "title": "CO129-538-2 Hong Kong University 23-6-1932 - 15-3-1933", "content_text": "61\n\nHONG KONG UNIVERSITY\n\nSOME BOOKS AND PAPERS PUBLISHED BY MEMBERS OF THE STAFF.\n\nMEDICAL FACULTY.\n\nDIABETES MELLITUS: THE SIGNIFICANCE OF BIOCHEMICAL TEST IN ITS DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT by Dr. Taeung Fat Im - Caduceus.\n\nOESOPHAGEAL ATRESIA ASSOCIATED WITH AN ABNORMAL RIGHT SUBCLAVIAN ARTERY by Professors Anderson & Shellshear.\n\nOBSERVATIONS OF THE TREATMENT OF GALL STONES by Professor K. H. Digby - Annals of Surgery, January 1926.\n\nAN EASY METHOD OF PERFORMING TRACHEOTOMY by Professor K. H. Digby - Lancet, January 1926.\n\nA FLEXIBLE KNEE TRACTION SPLINT FOR THE LOWER LIMB by Professor K. H. Digby - Surgery, Gynaecology & Obstetrics, August 1926.\n\nTHE DENSITY OF GALL STONES by Professor K. H. Digby - Caduceus, May 1926.\n\nTHE OCCIPITAL LOBE IN THE BRAIN OF THE CHINESE WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE SULCUS LUNATUS by Professor Shellshear, B.S.O. - Journal of Anatomy, October 1926.\n\nAIDS TO GYNAECOLOGY VII Edition - by Professor R. E. Tottenham - (Bailliere, Tindall & Cox, London).\n\nEXPERIMENTAL IMMUNISATION WITH BACTERIA DETOXICATED BY GOLD CHLORIDE by Dr. Mustapha Bin Osman - The Journal of Immunology, Vol. 18, No. 8, 1927.\n\nA CONTRIBUTION TO OUR KNOWLEDGE OF THE ARTERIAL SUPPLY OF THE CEREBRAL CORTEX IN MAN by Professor J. L. Shellshear, D.S.O. - Brain, Vol. I, Part 2, 1927.\n\nTHE ARTERIES OF THE BRAIN OF THE ORANG-UTAN by Professor J. L. Shellshear, D.S.O. - Journal of Anatomy, Vol. LXI, Part 2, 1927.\n\nTHE BLOOD SUPPLY OF THE HYPOGLOSSAL NUCLEUS by Professor J. L. Shellshear, D.S.O. - Journal of Anatomy, Vol. LXI, Part 3, 1927.\n\nA STUDY OF THE ARTERIES OF THE BRAIN OF THE SPINY ANTEATER (ECHIDNA ACULEATA) TO ILLUSTRATE THE PRINCIPLES OF ARTERIAL DISTRIBUTION by Professor J. L. Shellshear, D.S.O. - Phil. Trans. Royal Society of London, Series B. Vol. 218, 1929.\n\nBASAL METABOLISM OF CHINESE AND WESTERNERS - a paper read in January, 1928, before the Chinese Physiological Society, Peking, and subsequently published in the Chinese Journal of Physiology, 1928 - by Professor H. G. Earle.\n\nHONG KONG UNIVERSITY\n\nA HANDBOOK OF PRACTICAL MIDWIFERY by Professor R. E. Tottenham. Translated into Chinese by S. K. Lam. Kwang Hsuch Publishing House, 44 Peking Road, Shanghai.\n\nA HANDBOOK OF MIDWIFERY by Professor R. E. Tottenham - Messrs. J. & A. Churchill, London 1930.\n\nA SHORT PRACTICE OF GYNAECOLOGY by Jellett and Tottenham - VI Edition - Messrs. J. & A. Churchill, London, 1930.\n\nAIDS TO GYNAECOLOGY by Professor R. E. Tottenham - VIII Edition - by Messrs. Bailliere, Tindall & Cox, London 1932.\n\nAPPARATUS FOR DETERMINING BLOOD GROUPS FOR USE BOTH IN THE LABORATORY AND THE FIELD by Professor L. T. Ride (Read before the 8th Congress of the Far Eastern Association of Tropical Medicine held in Bangkok, December 1930).\n\nTHE HYDROLYTIC THEORY OF HYDROCHLORIC ACID SECRETION IN ITS CLINICAL ASPECT by Professor L. T. Ride. (Read before the 8th Congress of the Far Eastern Association of Tropical Medicine held in Bangkok, December 1930).\n\nTHE ARTERIES OF THE BRAIN OF THE CHIMPANZEE by Professor J. L. Shellshear, D.S.O. - Journal of Anatomy, Vol. LXI, 1930.\n\nA PRELIMINARY REPORT ON INVESTIGATIONS INTO CERTAIN RACIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE NATIVES OF BRITISH NORTH BORNEO by Professor L. T. Ride.\n\nTHE ANTIGENIC RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BACILLUS TYPHOSUS AND BACILLUS DYSENTERIAE FLEXNER by Professor L. J. Davis. - Caduceus 1932.\n\nENGINEERING FACULTY.\n\nTHE NEW STEAM TABLES by Professor C. A. Middleton Smith and A. G. Warren - Constable & Co., Ltd., 1912.\n\nTESTS ON FAR EASTERN TIMBERS by Professor C. A. Middleton Smith - Engineer 1919.\n\nTACHEOMETRIC TABLES by Professor F. A. Redmond - Crosby Lockwood, 1931.\n\nARTS FACULTY.\n\nAMERICA AND CHINA by Professor L. Forster - London Quarterly Review, April 1931.\n\nTHE NEW CULTURE IN CHINA by Professor L. Forster - Hibbert Journal, October 1931.\n\nEDUCATION IN HONG KONG by Professor L. Forster - Education Year Book, 1933.\n\nFURTHER SHAKESPEARE by Professor R. M. Simpson, M.C., M.A., 1931.\n\n34\n\n35\n\n62", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-538-2 Hong Kong University 23-6-1932 - 15-3-1933.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 549178, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-554-6 Hong Kong University- 1. Appointment of Dr. Chen Shas Yi as head of Chinese Department... 18-3-1935 - 28-10-1935", "page_number": 86, "title": "CO129-554-6 Hong Kong University- 1. Appointment of Dr. Chen Shas Yi as head of Chinese Department... 18-3-1935 - 28-10-1935", "content_text": "BOOK REVIEW.\n\n\"The Lily Year-Book,\" 1934; London, Royal Horticultural Society, Vincent Square, Westminster, S.W.1. Pages 1-117 with 43 figures in the text, prepared mostly from photographs of lilies in flower. Price, five shillings paper, six shillings cloth.\n\nThe third annual \"Lily Year-Book\" for 1934 is as interesting and instructive as its two predecessors. Two articles deal with lilies in their natural environment, in Tibet by Capt. F. Kingdon Ward and in the Pontic region by E. K. Balls; in addition there are articles on \"Lilies in Kenya\" by J. L. Gifford, \"Californian Lilies in Cultivation\" by Dr. A. M. Vollmer and \"Diseases of Lilium longiflorum in Bermuda\" by L. Ogilvie. This serves to show how all-embracing is the geographic field covered by the \"Lily Year Book\". In order to understand fully how best to grow lilies it is necessary to know as much as possible about their natural habitat, the type of plants they are associated with, the character of the soil and the climate; the first two articles give us certain of these basic facts. Secondly it is desirable to know how lilies grow in cultivation not only in England but in other countries and the next two articles give us facts in this connection.\n\nOther writers deal with problems of propagation, of the arrangement and structure of the chromosomes in the reproductive cells, of diseases in stored bulbs and in growing plants, of hybrids and of the cultivation of lilies in gardens and woodlands. Certainly this volume should be in the possession of all who are in any manner interested in the study or culture of lilies.\n\nG. A. C. H.\n\nThe Hong Kong Naturalist.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-554-6 Hong Kong University- 1. Appointment of Dr. Chen Shas Yi as head of Chinese Department... 18-3-1935 - 28-10-1935.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 560990, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-571-10 Sino-Japanese War- Medical Relief Commission of the National Red Cross Society of China 12-9-1938 - 7-10-1938", "page_number": 22, "title": "CO129-571-10 Sino-Japanese War- Medical Relief Commission of the National Red Cross Society of China 12-9-1938 - 7-10-1938", "content_text": "## ORGANIZATION OF THE RED CROSS MEDICAL CORPS\n\nThe field organization of the Red Cross Medical Corps (R.C.M.C.) comprises three services, viz., Medical, Transportation, and Supply, the basic formations of which are the Medical Units, Transportation Convoys, and Supply Depots.\n\n### Medical Units:\n\n(1) Ambulance Unit. Each Ambulance Unit consists of one doctor, who serves as the unit leader; one nurse or dresser as assistant unit leader; and 16 dressers, organized into 5 teams; 1 cook and 1 orderly.\n\n#### Organization of Ambulance Units.\n\n| Team | Personnel | Duties |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| 1 | Doctor, Nurse or Dresser, Dresser | General administration, Technical supervision, Business management |\n| 2 | Dresser, Dresser, Dresser | Sanitation, quartering |\n| 3 | Dresser, Dresser, Dresser | First-aid |\n| 4 | Dresser, Dresser, Dresser | Dressing of wounded |\n| 5 | Dresser, Dresser, Dresser | Nursing care, General care of wounded during transit |\n\nThe function of the Ambulance Unit is primarily to take care of the wounded at the front or during transit (viz: first-aid, dressing, nursing). These units are to be assigned to dressing or receiving stations, hospital trains or boats. They may also help in hospitals or in preventive work when necessary.\n\n(2)", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-571-10 Sino-Japanese War- Medical Relief Commission of the National Red Cross Society of China 12-9-1938 - 7-10-1938.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 561723, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-571-18 League of Nations- medical aid for China and reduced cable rates 8-2-1938 - 30-1-1939", "page_number": 44, "title": "CO129-571-18 League of Nations- medical aid for China and reduced cable rates 8-2-1938 - 30-1-1939", "content_text": "## ORGANIZATION OF THE RED CROSS MEDICAL CORPS\n\nThe field organization of the Red Cross Medical Corps (R.J.M.C.) comprises three services, viz., Medical, Transportation, and Supply, the basic formations of which are the Medical Units, Transportation Convoys, and Supply Depots.\n\n### Medical Units\n\n(1) Ambulance Unit.\n\nEach Ambulance Unit consists of one doctor, who serves as the unit leader; one nurse or dresser as assistant unit leader; and 16 dressers, organized into 5 teams; 1 cook and 1 orderly.\n\n#### Organization of Ambulance Units\n\n| Team | Personnel | Duties |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| 1 | Doctor | General administration, Technical supervision, Business management, Sanitation, quartering. |\n| | Nurse or Dresser | First-aid, Dressing of wounded Nursing care, |\n| | Dresser | General care of wounded during transit. |\n| | Dresser | |\n| | Dresser | |\n| | Dresser | |\n\nThe function of the Ambulance Unit is primarily to take care of the wounded at the front or during transit (viz: first-aid, dressing, nursing). These units are to be assigned to dressing or receiving stations, hospital trains or boats. They may also help in hospitals or in preventive work when necessary.\n\n44\n\n(8)", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-571-18 League of Nations- medical aid for China and reduced cable rates 8-2-1938 - 30-1-1939.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 568642, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-582-22 Visit of Sir Stafford Cripps to China 13-12-1939 - 4-7-1940", "page_number": 27, "title": "CO129-582-22 Visit of Sir Stafford Cripps to China 13-12-1939 - 4-7-1940", "content_text": "28 \n\nto peace-time production. I feel that there is a strong danger that this considera-tion may be overlooked with the most unfortunate consequences to our domestic situation in a time of great difficulty. The best solution would be to give direct help to China in their struggle against Japanese aggression, but if this cannot be done, for fear of the consequences so far as Japan is concerned, then every possible means of indirect assistance should be utilised. \n\n102. I have not burdened this section with any detailed accounts of the industries set up in Western China, but I attach a map() which gives the character and location of most of the new factories erected by the Government, a list of those that I personally visited and a typical account of the origin and development of one of these factories. If any further information is of use on these topics I have it available in the form of my detailed notes. \n\nAgriculture. \n\n103. The basic industry of China is, of course, agriculture, and by far the greatest proportion of her population is either directly, or indirectly, engaged in this industry. The Chinese are excellent farmers, being most industrious and economical. There is practically no mechanised farming, and the methods as a whole are the traditional ones that have been developed and carried on for many centuries. In the majority of districts, except where new crops have been intro-duced, the methods must be very much the same as they were a thousand years ago. The crops are very varied, depending upon the widely different climatic and soil conditions that prevail in the different parts of the country. Practically every kind of \n\ncrop can be grown in some part of China, with the exception of those that require a tropical climate, such as rubber. A great deal of attention is now being paid to the development and improvement of agricultural crops. \n\n104. I visited the Agricultural Institute at Chengtu, which is run by the Provincial Government, as are most of the similar institutions in other parts of the country. I was greatly struck by the thoroughness and efficiency of the whole organisation, which is entirely staffed by Chinese. A great deal of work is being done on plant-breeding and seed selection, especially for rice. Plant diseases are also being studied and remedies devised, and a good deal has been done on compost manures which are already used in the district. Animal diseases are being studied, particularly those of cattle and pigs, and last year over 4 million cubic centimeters of serums of various kinds were distributed to the farmers. Very little, however, is being done as regards animal breeding or other branches of animal husbandry, with the exception of a section which deals with Chinchilla rabbits. There is not as yet any full exchange of information with foreign experimental stations. All this work in Western China is of very recent origin, but already a number of such stations have been set up in the different provinces, most of them doing general work, but some specialising in such matters as sugar cultivation and forestry. This latter subject needs a great deal more attention than it has yet had, since much forest has been cut and denudation has already resulted in some areas. The main need to-day is probably in the field of animal husbandry, as many of the local breeds are poor and could be much improved. There is practically no dairying industry in Western China, except around Chengtu, where a beginning has been made through the efforts of the West China University Experimental Farm which runs a Fresian herd belonging to Mme. Chiang. A considerable improvement has been made in the local cattle by crossing with this herd, and the crossed stock now fetches large prices in the district. Good work has been done as well in the improvement of chicken breeds, the average egg-laying capacity of the local breeds being doubled on a first cross with Rhode Island Reds. Very little has been done with sheep or goats, while the pigs are of such excellent quality, especially in Szechuan, that they hardly need improving. Although they have not yet done much in this direction, the Chinese are very anxious to improve their breeds, and for this purpose would very much welcome any assistance that can be given in the importation of bulls, billy-goats, rams and cockerels. This would seem to be a matter in which Great Britain could give some very practical assistance, either directly or through India or possibly New Zealand or Australia. A closer connexion between the Chinese, \n\n() Not reproduced. \n\n29 \n\nBurmese and Indian research stations would also be of great advantage to all of them. Many of the questions now being dealt with at the Indian and Burmese stations are similar to those which the Chinese have to deal with. I believe that the Chinese would also be very ready to use the services of some good British agricultural advisers, especially in the matter of animal husbandry. If this could be arranged, and in addition a full exchange of material and personnel could be made between the Chinese and British Empire research stations, Great Britain could come to hold an influential position of assistance in the basic industry of China. \n\n105. The main exports of China are to-day agricultural, and this will no doubt remain the case for a long time to come. Tea and tung oil constitute the most important items of export. Plans are on foot to extend the area of both these crops in the west--tea is to be grown in the Yunnan hills and tung oil is to be developed further north. The area of wheat in Kansu and the northern provinces is being extended by the suppression of opium, and the land so made available is to be used for wheat. Fruit growing is also being extended, but there is no immediate prospect of this becoming an export crop owing to transport difficulties and the fact that as yet there is not sufficient grown for Chinese needs. The position as regards rice in the west is that, at present, no export is allowed owing to the internal shortage, but normally Yunnan has a surplus which is available for North Burma or other export markets. A great deal of work is being done on the selection of rice varieties, and it is hoped that this will result in an increase of yield, in which case an export surplus will be available. So far as internal supplies are concerned it must be remembered that at the moment there are millions of refugees from the east in Western China, and that when peace is made there will be a tendency for many of these to return to their homes. This diminution of population will temporarily mean a surplus of commodities in the west, some of which may be available for export. \n\n106. The incidence of land tenure and the splitting up of the land into very small holdings as well as the physical condition of such a province as Szechuan, which, with the exception of such areas as the large plain of Chengtu, is hilly throughout. militate against any idea of large scale farming in China. Consequently the agricultural methods of the west or America are not really applicable; there is on the other hand great scope for the development of better hand- and bullock-operated implements and some work is being done on this subject by the research institutes. I have suggested and I think that the suggestion will be carried out-that the C.I.C. should take up the manufacture of such improved implements through widely distributed village co-operatives. Apart from this, however, there is great scope for the manufacture of such implements on a large scale in China. \n\n107. The Chinese farmer is, like all farmers, apt to be very conservative in his ideas, but the moment that it can be proved to him that he will do better out of his land by the introduction of new methods or new breeds of animals or plants he is only too ready to adopt these improvements. I was told at the research institutes that they had found the farmers most responsive, and that they were the determined supporters of the work, in many cases pressing the provincial Governments to spend more money upon these institutes. \n\n108. A good deal has been done through agricultural co-operatives. organised by the Government, to assist in the financing of the small farmer and to get him out of the clutches of the moneylender. Owing to corruption in the administration of this service, due to the appointment of unsuitable local officials, a great deal of money has been lost, amounting to nearly 20 per cent. of the investment. The losses due to farmers not repaying the loans are almost negligible, as they are extremely honest in this respect. Efforts are now being made to clean up the local administration, but this is not always easy, especially where the local magistrates are themselves involved in the dishonesty. But the result, so far as the farmer is concerned, in districts where the co-operatives are functioning properly, has been good. Rates of interest have fallen from as much as 30 per cent. per annum to 8 per cent. per annum, which is the charge made by the co-operatives. Even where the fall in the rate of interest has not been so great there has been a definite tendency for moneylenders' rates to fall thus easing the burden on the producer. Some efforts are also being made in certain areas through the agricultural co-operatives to collectivise the purchase of seeds and other requirements, but this aspect of the question has not as yet received very \n\n38", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-582-22 Visit of Sir Stafford Cripps to China 13-12-1939 - 4-7-1940.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 568673, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-582-22 Visit of Sir Stafford Cripps to China 13-12-1939 - 4-7-1940", "page_number": 58, "title": "CO129-582-22 Visit of Sir Stafford Cripps to China 13-12-1939 - 4-7-1940", "content_text": "86\n\n28\n\nto peace-time production. I feel that there is a strong danger that this consideration may be overlooked with the most unfortunate consequences to our domestic situation in a time of great difficulty. The best solution would be to give direct help to China in their struggle against Japanese aggression, but if this cannot be done, for fear of the consequences so far as Japan is concerned, then every possible means of indirect assistance should be utilised.\n\n102. I have not burdened this section with any detailed accounts of the industries set up in Western China, but I attach a map(7) which gives the character and location of most of the new factories erected by the Government, a list of those that I personally visited and a typical account of the origin and development of one of these factories. If any further information is of use on these topics I have it available in the form of my detailed notes.\n\nAgriculture.\n\n103. The basic industry of China is, of course, agriculture, and by far the greatest proportion of her population is either directly, or indirectly, engaged in this industry. The Chinese are excellent farmers, being most industrious and economical. There is practically no mechanised farming, and the methods as a whole are the traditional ones that have been developed and carried on for many centuries. In the majority of districts, except where new crops have been introduced, the methods must be very much the same as they were a thousand years ago. The crops are very varied, depending upon the widely different climatic and soil conditions that prevail in the different parts of the country. Practically every kind of crop can be grown in some part of China, with the exception of those that require a tropical climate, such as rubber. A great deal of attention is now being paid to the development and improvement of agricultural crops.\n\n104. I visited the Agricultural Institute at Chengtu, which is run by the Provincial Government, as are most of the similar institutions in other parts of the country. I was greatly struck by the thoroughness and efficiency of the whole organisation, which is entirely staffed by Chinese. A great deal of work is being done on plant-breeding and seed selection, especially for rice. Plant diseases are also being studied and remedies devised, and a good deal has been done on compost manures which are already used in the district. Animal diseases are being studied, particularly those of cattle and pigs, and last year over 4 million cubic centimeters of serums of various kinds were distributed to the farmers. Very little, however, is being done as regards animal breeding or other branches of animal husbandry, with the exception of a section which deals with Chinchilla rabbits. There is not as yet any full exchange of information with foreign experimental stations. All this work in Western China is of very recent origin, but already a number of such stations have been set up in the different provinces, most of them doing general work, but some specialising in such matters as sugar cultivation and forestry. This latter subject needs a great deal more attention than it has yet had, since much forest has been cut and denudation has already resulted in some areas. The main need to-day is probably in the field of animal husbandry, as many of the local breeds are poor and could be much improved. There is practically no dairying industry in Western China, except around Chengtu, where a beginning has been made through the efforts of the West China University Experimental Farm which runs Fresian herd belonging to Mme. Chiang. A considerable improvement has been made in the local cattle by crossing with this herd, and the crossed stock now fetches large prices in the district. Good work has been done as well in the improvement of chicken breeds, the average egg-laying capacity of the local breeds being doubled on a first cross with Rhode Island Reds. Very little has been done with sheep or goats, while the pigs are of such excellent quality, especially in Szechuan, that they hardly need improving. Although they have not yet done much in this direction, the Chinese are very anxious to improve their breeds, and for this purpose would very much welcome any assistance that can be given in the importation of bulls, billy-goats, rams and cockerels. This would seem to be a matter in which Great Britain could give some very practical assistance, either directly or through India or possibly New Zealand or Australia. A closer connexion between the Chinese, Burmese and Indian research stations would also be of great advantage to all of them. Many of the questions now being dealt with at the Indian and Burmese stations are similar to those which the Chinese have to deal with. I believe that the Chinese would also be very ready to use the services of some good British agricultural advisers, especially in the matter of animal husbandry. If this could be arranged, and in addition a full exchange of material and personnel could be made between the Chinese and British Empire research stations, Great Britain could come to hold an influential position of assistance in the basic industry of China.\n\n(7) Not reproduced.\n\na\n\n29\n\n105. The main exports of China are to-day agricultural, and this will no doubt remain the case for a long time to come. Tea and tung oil constitute the most important items of export. Plans are on foot to extend the area of both these crops in the west-tea is to be grown in the Yunnan hills and tung oil is to be developed further north. The area of wheat in Kansu and the northern provinces is being extended by the suppression of opium, and the land so made available is to be used for wheat. Fruit growing is also being extended, but there is no immediate prospect of this becoming an export crop owing to transport difficulties and the fact that as yet there is not sufficient grown for Chinese needs. The position as regards rice in the west is that, at present, no export is allowed owing to the internal shortage, but normally Yunnan has a surplus which is available for North Burma or other export markets. A great deal of work is being done on the selection of rice varieties, and it is hoped that this will result in an increase of yield, in which case an export surplus will be available. So far as internal supplies are concerned it must be remembered that at the moment there are millions of refugees from the east in Western China, and that when peace is made there will be a tendency for many of these to return to their homes. This diminution of population will temporarily mean a surplus of commodities in the west, some of which may be available for export.\n\n106. The incidence of land tenure and the splitting up of the land into very small holdings as well as the physical condition of such a province as Szechuan, which, with the exception of such areas as the large plain of Chengtu, is hilly throughout, militate against any idea of large scale farming in China. Consequently the agricultural methods of the west or America are not really applicable; there is on the other hand great scope for the development of better hand- and bullock-operated implements and some work is being done on this subject by the research institutes. I have suggested and I think that the suggestion will be carried out that the C.I.C. should take up the manufacture of such improved implements through widely distributed village co-operatives. Apart from this, however, there is great scope for the manufacture of such implements on a large scale in China.\n\n107. The Chinese farmer is, like all farmers, apt to be very conservative in his ideas, but the moment that it can be proved to him that he will do better out of his land by the introduction of new methods or new breeds of animals or plants he is only too ready to adopt these improvements. I was told at the research institutes that they had found the farmers most responsive, and that they were the determined supporters of the work, in many cases pressing the provincial Governments to spend more money upon these institutes.\n\n108. A good deal has been done through agricultural co-operatives, organised by the Government, to assist in the financing of the small farmer and to get him out of the clutches of the moneylender. Owing to corruption in the administration of this service, due to the appointment of unsuitable local officials, a great deal of money has been lost, amounting to nearly 20 per cent. of the investment. The losses due to farmers not repaying the loans are almost negligible, as they are extremely honest in this respect. Efforts are now being made to clean up the local administration, but this is not always easy, especially where the local magistrates are themselves involved in the dishonesty. But the result, so far as the farmer is concerned, in districts where the co-operatives are functioning properly, has been good. Rates of interest have fallen from as much as 30 per cent. per annum to 8 per cent. per annum, which co-operatives. Even where the fall in the rate of interest has not been so great there has been a definite tendency for moneylenders' rates to fall thus easing the burden on the producer. Some efforts are also being made in certain areas through the agricultural co-operatives to collectivise the purchase of seeds and other requirements, but this aspect of the question has not as yet received very\n\n87", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-582-22 Visit of Sir Stafford Cripps to China 13-12-1939 - 4-7-1940.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 573963, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-589-14 War contributions- extracts from Governor's speeches 5-7-1941 - 5-7-1941", "page_number": 4, "title": "CO129-589-14 War contributions- extracts from Governor's speeches 5-7-1941 - 5-7-1941", "content_text": "# Extract from the SOUTH CHINA MORNING POST dated 28th June, 1941.\n\n## WAR EFFORT\n### Governor Speaks On Empire's Danger\n#### HONGKONG'S PART\n\nWhether people in Hongkong realise fully the gravity of the situation in which the British Empire finds itself to-day was one of the points raised by His Excellency the Governor, Sir Geoffry Northcote, when he spoke on Hongkong's War Effort over ZBW, the Hongkong broadcasting station, last night.\n\nHis Excellency said: On May 29, I made two announcements in Legislative Council: the first was that I had appointed a Committee to examine Hongkong's economic war effort and to advise how it might be strengthened and intensified; the second was that Government proposed to raise the War Revenue Taxation to a general basic level of 7 per cent and 14 per cent with revised abatements for earners of low salaries. This evening I am seeking a wider audience, partly because what I want to do is to go over the same ground rather more fully and partly in order to say publicly and frankly what was in my mind when I spoke in the Council.\n\nI will put my main point in the form of a question or two. Do we here in Hongkong realise fully the gravity of the situation in which the British Empire finds itself to-day? Is it really borne in upon us how imperative it is that we should now throw every ounce of our weight into the struggle which Great Britain is maintaining against the enslavement of the world? The time has gone by for complacency. The time has come to face facts: to acknowledge to ourselves that if the British Empire is to survive this war we, together with all its other colonies, have got to tighten our belts and play our part in like manner with that in which the people of Great Britain are playing theirs, at any rate so far as circumstances allow us to.\n\nThe greatest peril by far that threatens the British Empire to-day is not the German raider or invader by land, sea or air: it is not the tank, the bomb, or the torpedo that we have most to fear: our greatest danger unquestionably lies on the economic side. If Hitler is rash enough to invade the British Isles he will rue the day on which he does it—we are more than ready for him. The German submarine and raider have done us enormous harm at sea: nevertheless we are slowly and surely, with the help of good friends, winning the battle of the Atlantic. Many streets and great buildings in the cities of England, Scotland, and Wales have been smashed: but we are giving Germany's factories, docks and arsenals to-day more than she has given us; and as the months go by the scale of our attack will rise higher and higher. But all those glorious feats will avail us but little unless the Empire can find more and ever more ships, planes, arms and ammunition for our Fighting Forces wherever they may be, and food for the beleaguered people of Great Britain.\n\nCan the British Empire stand the enormous, the hitherto undreamed-of, strain on her resources which their furnishing entails? It can; but only by one way, and that is for every unit of the Empire, large and small, rich and poor, to do its utmost—and I give that word \"utmost\" its fullest meaning—to that one end. In the old phrase, it is for the British to-day a case of \"Root! Hog, or die.\" That may sound despairing to some ears; but I am at the other end of the scale from despair, knowing as I do from my own sixty years' experience, as well as from history, that once the British hog realises that he has got to root, root he does and he survives!\n\n### War Savings Certificates\n\nWell! the time has come for that process. How are we going to set about it? In the first place there is the Economic War Effort Committee. You may have tasted its first-fruits with your early morning tea, but its task is not going to be easy. A more technical bit of work which they have put through is to draft a scheme for the sale of local War Savings Certificates, which I hope will meet with the approval of the Home Authorities. But the main problems which the Committee has to solve are: \"How can the importation into Hongkong of non-essential goods be reduced to the minimum?\" \"How can the consumption in Hongkong of necessary commodities be administered with the maximum of economy?\" And lastly, \"How can these restrictions be brought about without two very dangerous reactions being entailed? That is to say, without killing the mainspring of the Colony's prosperity, our entrepot trade, and, secondly, without crippling our growing ability to supply the Navy, Army, and Air Force and the Merchant Service with what they need to fight and to win this war?\" The last perhaps is the most vitally important of the three.\n\n### Tonnage, Labour and Sterling\n\nThese three are vital factors in the Economies of War, and we must strain every nerve to conserve them to the utmost.\n\nThe scope of the Economic War Effort Committee's labours is vast, but even so it does not cover the whole field; for though I would not shut them out from consideration of its possibilities, I have not specifically mentioned taxation in their terms of reference. In taxation, however, Government has a more flexible and more effective instrument for enforcing economy within the community than any other. I do not propose to-night even to suggest how that instrument can be put into further use, but I will quote a few words from the Chancellor of the Exchequer's speech in the House of Commons on the last Budget, which go straight to the fundamental principle which I have in mind: \"The primary object of these proposals is not to obtain taxation for taxation's sake, nor to raise revenue for the sake of revenue, but to make a considerable cut in purchasing power during the war.\"\n\n### Taxable Limits\n\nGiven then, that it is our bounden duty to take upon our shoulders a heavier burden of taxation—and that, I contend, cannot be refuted—there comes the question of \"ability to pay.\" That, of course, is a most intricate matter and I can only deal with it very generally to-night. I would begin by saying that any increase must be either in direct taxation—as for example through the War Revenue taxes, unless those are replaced by an Income Tax—or, if it is in indirect taxation, must concern itself solely with luxury and semi-luxury goods. The vast majority—at least 95 per cent of the people who live here certainly can bear no heavier burden than is theirs to-day—indeed their relief is one of our major problems. And there is, secondly, a large class of wage-earners who are fully taxed already: many of them, who are compelled by the hard necessity of war to keep up two homes, can clearly stand no further taxation, direct or indirect. Where above them in the social scale a taxable margin begins to appear is a question for close and expert inquiry; but, unquestionably, at the upper end there are some—relatively few it may be, but from the Treasury view-point far from inconsiderable—who are a long way from being taxed fully. Whatever their number or their nationality may be, if they are living here and have prospered here, safe under the British flag and sheltered by Great Britain's might, and if they can afford to pay more in taxes, their liability and obligation are plain: in this time of crisis they must share to the full the burden now being borne by the people of Great Britain, who are, as the saying is, already \"paying till it hurts.\"\n\nThose seeming irreconcilables have, somehow, to be woven into a consistent and positive policy by the Economic War Effort Committee. They may have some daylight for us; but it looks as though they will have to keep their own lamps burning late into the night before they find all the right answers.\n\n### Threefold Object\n\nThe objects to be served by denying ourselves everything that is not necessary for the healthy maintenance of body and soul are threefold:\n\n| Object | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| (i) | Every ton of shipping space saved is a ton given to our fighting men and to the people who are bearing the real brunt of this war. |\n| (ii) | Every hour of labour switched from the manufacture of non-essentials to that of war-supplies means an earlier victory. |\n| (iii) | Every pound sterling not spent on luxuries means a better gold dollar exchange for Great Britain—and that is vital. |\n\nOne last word on the best use to which we could put the proceeds of increased taxation. The money which has been subscribed here by the public or which has been voted by the Legislature has gone to serve the highly useful purpose of helping Great Britain to pay her war bill, and His Majesty's Government has expressed a very sincere gratitude on that account. I trust that nothing that I say to-night will do harm to those voluntary Funds which are still open. But the new revenue which increased taxation would bring in calls for different treatment.\n\n### Production Value\n\nRegarded from the strictly economic point of view, the most immediately effective use to which it could be put would be to put it into production here in Hongkong; in other words to build ships—war vessels or freighters—and to produce equipment and munitions of war on the spot. By so doing not only would we help to pay Great Britain's war bill but we would also secure delivery of the goods at the same time. Every shipyard and factory at home is busy \"to capacity\" whereas here we have ample labour at our doors. The manufactures which our taxes, if spent here, would bring into being would go immediately to swell the stocks of war stores and equipment which His Majesty's Government needs for our sailors, soldiers and airmen. Lastly, the employment so given would help to keep the Colony going: and that is one of our prime imperial duties.\n\nI suppose that not a few of my hearers will think this a very disagreeable talk, to say the least of it. Well! War is a very disagreeable thing at any time; but we are getting near to the end of the second year of this one and we are, or ought to be, beyond such minor considerations! So I will end where I began. The British Commonwealth is fighting with its back to the wall. What are we in Hongkong doing to help? All that is in our power, or not yet all? And if not all, are we going to hang back? I am convinced that Hongkong's answer to that is the same as that Australia and Canada have given in the last few days: \"We will withhold nothing that is within our power to give\". Worldly wisdom alone would dictate that reply to us. I trust, however, that Hongkong will give it from a worthier motive. Let me state that motive in Mr Churchill's stirring words:\n\n\"We have but one aim and one single irrevocable purpose. We are resolved to destroy Hitler and every vestige of the Nazi regime. We shall fight him by land, we shall fight him by sea, we shall fight him in the air; until, with God's help, we will rid the earth of all those who have shadowed it and will liberate the enslaved peoples from his yoke. That is our policy and that our declaration: that course we shall pursue—faithfully and to the end.”\n\nTo be continued.\n\nPage 5\nPage 5", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-589-14 War contributions- extracts from Governor's speeches 5-7-1941 - 5-7-1941.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 575967, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-590-25 Accounts of events leading up to surrender and subsequent treatment of prisoners- etc 23-4-1942 - 28-9-1943", "page_number": 120, "title": "CO129-590-25 Accounts of events leading up to surrender and subsequent treatment of prisoners- etc 23-4-1942 - 28-9-1943", "content_text": "124\n\n22\n\nMinister to act and, in the result, knew he was acting. Having regard to General Crerar's special knowledge of all the considerations to be taken into account, and his special qualifications for forming a judgment thereon, there is a most powerful presumption in favour of the correctness of his determination given in good faith and in the course of duty, to which it would be proper to give effect in the absence of clear evidence of error. It is, however, as I conceive it, my duty to examine the question of the propriety of the selections and to consider the oral evidence and the documents produced.\n\nI proceed, as required by the Order in Council, to examine in detail the history, composition and training of the Royal Rifles and the Winnipeg Grenadiers. A very large part of the evidence was directed to this subject. Much of the best evidence was not available, as the officers and men were all, unhappily, lost at Hong Kong. We are fortunately, however, in the position of having sources of information which enable us to pronounce upon these matters with confidence. There are the written records of the personnel and their training, the reports of Inspectors-General, the evidence of officers who had served with them and of others who had enjoyed opportunities of observing them in the course of military duty. As regards the Royal Rifles, we have the evidence of Brigadier Earnshaw, of Lieutenant-Colonel Berteau, and of Lieutenant-Colonel Lamb, all of whom speak of this battalion from first-hand intimate knowledge. I shall refer to the testimony of General Crerar himself who inspected the unit in the autumn of 1940 and the early summer of 1941, and from personal inspection formed his own opinion of it.\n\nAs regards the Winnipeg Grenadiers, we have the evidence of Brigadier Kay, who commanded the battalion from its mobilization in 1939 until June, 1941. There is the evidence of Brigadier Riley, the D.O.C. M.D. 10, and of Lieutenant-Colonel Graham, as well as the evidence of General Browne. There is, further, the appreciation of General Crerar derived not only from an examination of the training reports but also from a full and detailed report to him upon the regiment by Brigadier Kay.\n\nBefore discussing the battalions in detail, it seems desirable to make a few general remarks on the subject of military training in Canada. General supervision of military training in the Canadian army is vested in the Directorate of Military Training at National Defence Headquarters. In September and October, 1941, Colonel J. K. Lawson was Director of Military Training until his appointment to command the expedition to Hong Kong with the rank of Brigadier. His chief assistant in the Directorate was Lieutenant-Colonel Sparling, an officer who has served at Headquarters in Ottawa and with the Second Division in England during the present war.\n\nWhen an infantry battalion is mobilized, it proceeds to train as a unit. The officers of the battalion, directly and through their non-commissioned officers, train the men under their command with the assistance of training pamphlets and syllabi issued by National Defence Headquarters. Training memoranda are issued to all officers each month to supplement the training pamphlets and keep them up to date. Cadres of officers, warrant officers, and N.C.O's are first given refresher courses and guidance in the instruction of their men. These officers and N.C.O's are then assigned to sub-units and are charged with the instruction of the enlisted personnel within those sub-units. The first period of training for the enlisted infantryman is mainly individual training designed to prepare a soldier to take his place in a platoon or other unit, and embraces such subjects as drill, physical training, first aid, marching, the mechanism, use and care of the various weapons provided for infantry units, field-craft, map reading, protection against gas, etc. By systematic and concentrated training the subjects laid down in the syllabi for this course should be completed in a period of sixteen weeks. During this period the men are organized in sections and are trained in section operations and individually at the same time. Training then proceeds at the platoon level for six weeks and includes platoon operations in daylight and darkness, both of attack and defence. The welding of several platoons into a company follows and the prescribed training of a company as such extends over four weeks. A further period of four weeks is laid down for the training of the battalion as a unit. During the entire period of collective training it is sought to give the battalion training in co-operation with other arms, although the extent of such co-operative training must, of course, depend upon the available opportunities for exercise with other units. The total period prescribed for individual and collective training up to and including training at the battalion level is thus thirty weeks. The working of this prescribed program in practice and the results attained must depend on various factors, such as the skill and experience of the officers, the availability of weapons for training purposes and the nature and extent of the duties assigned to the unit during its training periods.\n\nWhen a battalion is placed in a division, either in Canada or in England, an establishment for that battalion is created in one of the Training Centres. These Training Centres receive the recruits called out for training under the National Resources Mobilization Act and may also receive men who have enlisted for active service with a unit already mobilized. Each man who enlists for active service in the Canadian army becomes on enlistment a member of a unit that has been mobilized. When a recruit enlists for active service in a unit that is still in the process of recruiting and below its war establishment, he immediately joins his unit and receives his training with it. When a recruit enlists for active service with a unit that is already recruited to its full establishment, as a rule he proceeds to a Basic Training Centre and thence to an Advanced Training Centre for his individual training. On completion of his individual training, he is sent in a draft of reinforcements to his unit wherever it may then be stationed. Courses of training at the Basic and Advanced Training Centres are prescribed to cover items of individual training similar to those laid down and already described for the training of a battalion. The syllabus of training for a Basic Training Centre is designed to be completed in eight weeks and that for an Advanced Training Centre in a further period of eight weeks. The periods as prescribed are not, however, rigidly adhered to. An individual soldier may, because of illness or other delays, require longer than eight weeks to complete his training at either of the Training Centres. On the other hand, periods of training may be shortened where the recruit has had service with the reserve army, or with other armed forces.\n\nAs to the training of recruits in the Royal Rifles, Lt.-Col. Lamb says:-\n\nQ. What training did they get?-A. The procedure in the regiment was this: When replacements arrived, irrespective of what training they ever had or where they came from, they were put into what we call a recruit squad. This squad was under supervision, apart from the C.O., of the Adjutant and one junior officer and the Regimental Sergeant Major for training, and they carried out a period of six weeks' intensive training, being relieved from all duties during that period. After that six weeks' period they were posted to their respective companies.\n\nQ. In that six weeks' period-you are familiar with this basic training course?-A. No, I am not; we do not get that in the army.\n\nQ. You are not familiar with it at all?—A. No.\n\nQ. Then you cannot say to what extent the recruits in that six weeks' course had covered the ground set out in Exhibit No. 95?—A. Yes.\n\nQ. You can? A. Yes, I can, by comparison, because I have seen men who have had anything from four weeks' to six weeks' training in the Basic Training Centre, and I would like to say that one week or two at the most of the training these men got in our own recruit squad would be equivalent to four or six weeks' training at the Basic Training Centres.\n\nPage 120\n\nPage 121\n\n130", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-590-25 Accounts of events leading up to surrender and subsequent treatment of prisoners- etc 23-4-1942 - 28-9-1943.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 575971, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-590-25 Accounts of events leading up to surrender and subsequent treatment of prisoners- etc 23-4-1942 - 28-9-1943", "page_number": 124, "title": "CO129-590-25 Accounts of events leading up to surrender and subsequent treatment of prisoners- etc 23-4-1942 - 28-9-1943", "content_text": "137\n\n30\n\nshows that the battalion had been issued approximately 18,000 rounds of 1910 ammunition. The poor quality of the ammunition accounted, in the opinion of the commanding officer, for the fact that more did not qualify. The report goes on to state that three machine gun schools had been conducted, with good results, and, amongst other things, good progress had been made in map reading, field work, and bayonet fighting. The Inspector-General's report concludes with these words: \"This unit is well organized, well disciplined, and has made a good advance in training. A very good unit\".\n\nThe report on training made by the commanding officer and referred to in the Inspector-General's report states: \"All personnel have been taught to use the rifle and carried out T.O.E.T. (Tests of Elementary Training). All of effective personnel have fired Part I (a) and (b) Miniature Range instruction with the .22 rifle. No actual classification with the .303 has been done yet.\" With regard to the light machine gun, the commanding officer reports: \"The A.A. (anti-aircraft) platoon have been thoroughly trained with the Lewis gun. All ranks have fired the 25-yard classification. An additional 8 men per company are now being trained in the use of the Lewis gun as an A.A. weapon\". With regard to the Bren gun, it is stated that: \"These guns not being available, training in accordance with S.A.T. Vol. I, Pamphlet 4, could not be carried out, but lectures in mechanism have been given with the aid of charts\". With regard to bayonet training, the report states: \"All effective ranks in H.Q. and Machine Gun Companies have been thoroughly trained in the use of the bayonet\". As to the anti-tank rifle: \"All personnel required to be trained in the use of the Anti-Tank Rifle have been trained up to and including T.O.E.T. As there is no ammunition for this weapon, no actual firing of the gun has been possible\". The commanding officer states, among other things, that: \"The interest and enthusiasm of the troops is high. The degree of efficiency re machine gun training is very satisfactory.\" Before the battalion left for the West Indies, 380 of the men had fired Parts I and II of the rifle classification at the St. Charles Ranges at Winnipeg.\n\nIn May, 1940, the unit was changed from a machine gun to a rifle battalion and was warned for duty in the West Indies. This involved a reduction in strength to that of a garrison battalion. On leaving for the West Indies, the battalion was fully equipped with rifles and bayonets; it had 16 Lewis guns, 4 Bren guns, and 4 anti-tank rifles. On arrival in the West Indies, it received 5 additional Bren guns. In the spring of 1941, two 3-inch mortars were received, and one Thompson sub-machine gun was obtained on loan from the Imperial forces. The battalion remained on the reduced establishment until the spring of 1941. It was then advanced to the higher infantry establishment, and some—but not all—of the additional men required by the higher establishment were sent to the West Indies from Canada.\n\nThe West Indies island where the battalion was stationed has been an Imperial garrison post for more than one hundred years. It is a mountainous island, having two military stations—one at ... and the other at .... The Winnipeg Grenadiers made up practically the entire garrison of the island and were charged with the duty of providing internal security, aid to the civil authorities, and the protection of the island against attack from outside. One company was stationed at all times at ... and had very little in the way of garrison duties to perform. It was therefore able to spend practically all its time in training. Because of the mountainous terrain, the training was mainly individual, section, and platoon training, and the time was spent in practising mountain warfare. The troops also carried out platoon and company tactical schemes.\n\nAt ..., the battalion had heavy garrison duties to perform. These comprised the staffing and guarding of an internment camp, the guarding of detention barracks, and the providing of ship guards on incoming and outgoing vessels in the harbour. The personnel not occupied in guard or regimental duties were given individual training in bayonet fighting, the mechanism and employment of the Bren and Lewis light machine guns, and the anti-tank rifle, stalking, the use of cover, fighting patrols, and the building of road blocks. In addition to its defence duties, the garrison at ... was required to have one company available at all times on 30 minutes' notice, under the defence scheme of the island as laid down by the War Office.\n\n31\n\nAccording to the evidence of Brigadier Kay, the battalion, while in the West Indies, acquired a thorough knowledge of the use of rifles, bayonets, Bren guns, Lewis guns, and the anti-tank rifle, and this applies to all ranks. All were trained in bayonet fighting and practised constantly. During Brigadier Kay's tenure, ammunition was not available for firing practice, but only for use against an enemy, but 70 additional men had fired Parts I and II classification while in the West Indies, before the battalion returned to Winnipeg. On the battalion's return to Winnipeg in October, 1941, and after it had been warned for duty at Hong Kong, the St. Charles Ranges were set aside for the unit for one week, and some 600 fired a course with rifles at various ranges using various types of targets.\n\nAccording to a report made by Colonel Sutcliffe on October 6, 1941, all elementary training in musketry had been completed, and refresher courses taken. With regard to the Bren and Lewis guns, the mechanism, drill, and tactical handling of the guns had been thoroughly covered by the rifle companies and the anti-aircraft platoon, while the remainder of the personnel had been given elementary training. No range practice had been done with these weapons. The mechanism, drill, and a limited amount of \"tactical handling\" of the Thompson sub-machine gun had been taught; only one of these guns, according to Colonel Sutcliffe, being available to the battalion in the West Indies.\n\nColonel Sutcliffe also says that no training was done with either the 2-inch or 3-inch mortar, as 2-inch mortars were not available, and the 3-inch mortars were only received just prior to leaving the West Indies. Colonel Sutcliffe appears to be mistaken with regard to the 3-inch mortars, as two of these weapons were issued to the battalion in February, 1941, and Brigadier Kay says that the battalion had these mortars and that a large percentage of the men were trained in the stripping, assembling, and tactical handling of the mortar, but not in its actual firing.\n\nColonel Sutcliffe also appears to be mistaken in his statement that only one Thompson sub-machine gun was available, as in a report signed by him and dated July 14, 1941, he says: \"Arrangements were made to borrow two Thompson sub-machine guns from Ordnance. These are now on hand, and instruction has commenced.\" In a report by Colonel Sutcliffe a week later, he says: \"Classes on the Thompson sub-machine gun have commenced (in spare time) and are being enthusiastically attended.\"\n\nWith regard to the anti-tank rifle, Colonel Sutcliffe says the mechanism, drill, and tactical handling had been completed, but no range work had been done, and that there had been no training with grenades.\n\nHe also says that most of the rifle company personnel and portions of the headquarters company had been instructed in field-craft and had carried out practical training, and that anti-gas training had been carried out regularly and thoroughly.\n\nWith regard to the seventy-five recruits who had joined the battalion in the West Indies, Colonel Sutcliffe reports that at that time they had received no basic training at all. He also appears to have been mistaken with regard to this, as the records of the men concerned show that they spent five weeks at a Basic Training Centre before going to the West Indies. He says, however, these men in the West Indies had been given a full basic training course, having reached their sixth week before embarkation for Canada, and training was to be continued.\n\n132", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-590-25 Accounts of events leading up to surrender and subsequent treatment of prisoners- etc 23-4-1942 - 28-9-1943.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 575976, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-590-25 Accounts of events leading up to surrender and subsequent treatment of prisoners- etc 23-4-1942 - 28-9-1943", "page_number": 129, "title": "CO129-590-25 Accounts of events leading up to surrender and subsequent treatment of prisoners- etc 23-4-1942 - 28-9-1943", "content_text": "40\n\nsaw a number of men from both the District Depot and the Basic Training Centre and from these personally selected the necessary number to complete his establishment. In this way 40 men from the District Depot and 23 men from the Basic Training Centre-all of whom were volunteers-were added to the strength of the Winnipeg Grenadiers.\n\nBefore examining in detail the qualifications and training of the men added, one further general comment should be made. It was decided that the Winnipeg Grenadiers should be brought up to the required strength by volunteers from mid-western Canada, through Military District No. 10. This decision appears reasonable in view of the fact that this regiment had originally been mobilized in this district. The primary responsibility for the additions to the strength rested on the Adjutant-General's Department and its execution was committed to Colonel Hennessy, the Director of Organization. Brigadier Riley (the officer commanding Military District No. 10) took steps to provide the necessary number of volunteers for the consideration and acceptance of Colonel Sutcliffe (the officer commanding the Winnipeg Grenadiers). In all such steps Brigadier Riley conferred with and obtained the approval of Colonel Hennessy, who relied, and properly relied, upon the decision of the local officers as to the acceptance or rejection of available volunteers. In fact, Colonel Hennessy, as Director of Organization, approved all steps taken to obtain additions to the strength of the Winnipeg Grenadiers; the District provided the necessary number of volunteers; and either Colonel Sutcliffe, or his second-in-command, Major Trist, personally interviewed every man who came from the District Depot and the Basic Training Centre. The men from the Advanced Training Centre at Dundern were accepted on the report from that centre that they were all fully trained. The men from Advanced Training Centre No. 15 at Winnipeg were accepted on the recommendation of Colonel Graham, who was in command of that centre and was, therefore, in the best position to know of their qualifications.\n\nA number of senior officers gave evidence as to the great value of the personal selection of men by a competent commanding officer. Lieutenant-General McNaughton said in evidence:-\n\nIf I were the Commanding Officer and had had the chance to select the men and know them individually-see that they were all right-I would not have worried very much whether they had completed the basic training or not, because character is the thing we lay most stress on, and, if they were people who were suitable in my judgment to incorporate in the battalion, I would have been perfectly satisfied to have had them\n\nI would not have worried from the point of view of military efficiency one iota, because, if they are the right type of men, even on the voyage over I would have completed their individual training.\n\nThese opinions were confirmed by both General Crerar and General Stuart· and are, of course, of the greatest weight in considering the fitness of these additions to the strength of the Winnipeg Grenadiers.\n\nWith regard to the 189 men from Advanced Training Centre No. 15, while they had been at the Training Centre for periods ranging from two weeks to over a year, and while 42 of them had been in the active army for less than sixteen weeks, the Commandant of the Training Centre, Colonel Graham, says they had all fired their courses at the ranges with rifles, light machine guns, anti-aircraft rifles and anti-aircraft guns.\n\nWith regard to the 42 men mentioned above, all with one exception (a man who enlisted on August 1, 1941), had had military experience, either with a militia regiment, a unit of the permanent forces, or in a Basic or Advanced Training Centre prior to enlistment in the active army. As illustrations the following may be noted: One man who enlisted on July 16, 1941 had served with the Royal Irish Constabulary and for two years with the Seaforth Highlanders; one who enlisted on July 17, 1941, had had one year with the Dragoons;\n\n41\n\none who enlisted July 24, 1941, had also had one year with the Dragoons; one who enlisted on July 16, 1941 had had six years in the Gloucester Regiment; one who enlisted on July 10, 1941 had had nine years in a militia regiment; one who enlisted on August 28, 1941 had previously been at a Basic Training Centre for nine weeks; one who enlisted August 28, 1941 had had two months previous service at a Basic Training Centre; one who enlisted on the same day had previously had twelve weeks at a Basic and an Advanced Training Centre. Of these 42 men, the latest enlistments were three men who enlisted respectively on September 5 and 11. One of these had previously been with the Forestry Corps as a fitter; one had been with the Royal Canadian Ordnance Corps, and one had been in the Forestry Corps and had had ten weeks at a Basic Training Centre.\n\nIn the period immediately prior to October, 1941, the Advanced Training Centre No. 15, from which these men came, had, for training purposes, an adequate supply of rifles, bayonets, light machine guns, anti-tank rifles, Tommy-guns and dummy grenades. This Centre, in common with other Training Centres and units in Canada, was at that time without 2\" and 3\" mortars for training purposes.\n\nThirty men were added to the Winnipeg Grenadiers from the Advanced (Machine Gun) Training Centre at Dundern, Sask. All these men had completed their advanced training and twelve of them were trained specialists. In some respects this group were trained beyond the standard laid down in the syllabi for training centres, as they had received instruction in field engineering and pistol training that was not prescribed in the syllabi.\n\nForty men were transferred to the Winnipeg Grenadiers from No. 10 District Depot at Winnipeg. It will be recalled that these men were obtained after it appeared that further additions would be required than had been originally anticipated at the time the unit was selected for service in Hong Kong. Permission was accordingly obtained from headquarters in Ottawa to seek volunteers at the district depot. The district depot receives all men when they are recruited and also men who are being transferred from one unit to another. It was described as a \"manning pool\" for the district. At the time that volunteers for the Winnipeg Grenadiers were being sought, there were 23 men at the district depot who had been left behind by the 18th Reconnaissance Battalion when that unit left the district. These men had had considerable training with their unit, but had been left behind because they were thought not suitable for the specialized work of a reconnaissance battalion. The time served by the men from the 18th Reconnaissance Battalion was as follows: One had served four weeks; one, five weeks; one, six weeks; three, twelve weeks; four, thirteen weeks; one fourteen weeks; one, fifteen weeks; eight for sixteen weeks; one for eighteen weeks; one for nineteen weeks, and one for twenty weeks. Of the remaining seventeen men from the District Depot, one had already served twenty-four weeks at a Machine Gun Training Centre before being attached to the Depot; in the same way one had served twenty weeks at a Basic Training Centre; one had served five weeks in a Basic Training Centre and prior to that had been in a Reserve Battalion from August 13, 1940 to the date of his enlistment on April 10, 1941; one had had two periods of thirty days and eight weeks at Basic Training Centres; one had had eight weeks in a militia regiment; one had trained with the Grenadiers themselves for one year from September 18, 1939; one had had thirty days at a Basic Training Centre; one had had the same experience, followed by eight weeks in a Divisional Supply unit; one had sixteen weeks with a militia regiment; one had had eight weeks with a Divisional Supply unit; one had had eight weeks at a Basic Training Centre; one had had six months with a militia regiment; one had been in a Reserve Signallers Battalion for thirty-seven weeks; one had formerly been with the battalion for thirty weeks, having returned from the West Indies in April, 1941. Of the remaining three men, one had\n\n148", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-590-25 Accounts of events leading up to surrender and subsequent treatment of prisoners- etc 23-4-1942 - 28-9-1943.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 576794, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-591-12 Military Administration- Civil affairs- directives to force commander and senior officials 24-2-1945 - 13-9-1945", "page_number": 19, "title": "CO129-591-12 Military Administration- Civil affairs- directives to force commander and senior officials 24-2-1945 - 13-9-1945", "content_text": "23\n\nRelief.\n\nSECTION II. THE PEOPLE.\n\n20. The re-establishment of the Hong Kong dollar and the consequent worthlessness of the yen presented the Administration with a situation in which ninety per cent of the population had no money and little immediate prospect of obtaining any. The true solution to the problem lay, of course, in far-reaching economic re-adjustment, but for the moment temporary palliatives were all that the Administration could offer. The situation was held by the adoption of various emergency measures, amongst which was the allocation of $150,000 to provide free food for the destitute, and the inauguration of a large-scale public relief work programme whereby between thirty and forty thousand unskilled labourers were employed daily in clearing and cleaning the city streets. This was the beginning of a comprehensive relief programme and it was at once apparent that the Administration's commitment, in this respect was not one which could be lightly or quickly liquidated.\n\n21. The Administration's subsequent relief programme centred in a system of free rice distribution through kitchens in all areas of the Colony whereby about 25,000 destitute persons were fed each day. These figures were never substantially reduced throughout the period of the Military Administration, and in March it was estimated that some 22,000 persons were still in receipt of this first-line relief. Concurrently, the staffs and inmates of all charitable institutions and orphanages, not under the control of the Medical Department, were issued with a total of some 2,000 basic rations daily. A further 3,000 persons were provided for from a depot organized by the Relief Department, where rice rations and ALFSEA rations were issued to needy persons, either free or on partial repayment.\n\n22. As the Relief staff was increased by the arrival of more Civil Affairs officers and personnel sponsored by the Council of British Societies for Relief Abroad, further work was undertaken. Centres were opened where destitutes, mostly non-Chinese, were accommodated and fed. The first of these was Rosary Hill, taken over from the International Red Cross and administered by the British Red Cross. Subsequently four more centres were opened, where approximately 820 persons, of all nationalities, were provided for by representatives of the Salvation Army, British Red Cross, St. John's Ambulance War Organisation and the Administration's Relief Department.\n\n23. In all these centres a system of graded relief was introduced whereby the gradual independence of the inmates was stimulated and every possible assistance was afforded them in finding occupation and lodgings.\n\n24. In February 300 tons of used clothing were received from UNRRA and this was distributed over as wide a field as possible. Minor welfare organizations throughout the Colony were co-ordinated under the Bishop of Hong Kong and $30,000 was granted by the Administration to the Bishop's Social Welfare Council for distribution and for case work.\n\n25. The Administration's relief obligations were not limited to the residents of the Colony at the time of the re-occupation. A constant stream of destitutes entered Hong Kong from Macao and China, and it is estimated that food, accommodation or clothing were provided for some 10,000 persons in this category. In addition temporary relief was extended to 2,300 UNRRA sponsored repatriates bound from Australia, Manila and Hainan for the interior of China. In January the Army RAPWI organization closed down and the housing, feeding, payment and documentation of the 200 remaining repatriates, or repatriates in transit through the Colony, were undertaken by the Administration's Relief Department.\n\n26. Having entered upon relief work of so various and extensive a nature, it was impossible for the Administration to withdraw its assistance until this was justified by a considerable improvement in general conditions in the Colony. An effective reduction in the Administration's commitments was never possible and the obligation to provide for many thousands of unfortunate persons had to be handed on to the Civil Government.\n\n24", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-591-12 Military Administration- Civil affairs- directives to force commander and senior officials 24-2-1945 - 13-9-1945.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 576800, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-591-12 Military Administration- Civil affairs- directives to force commander and senior officials 24-2-1945 - 13-9-1945", "page_number": 25, "title": "CO129-591-12 Military Administration- Civil affairs- directives to force commander and senior officials 24-2-1945 - 13-9-1945", "content_text": "(22)\n\nantee for the future, and it was felt that sooner or later the new unions and associations which were being fostered by the Administration would be re-organized to take political direction from outside Hong Kong. If such a development occurs before the Colony has made manifest the promise of prosperity by the revival of trade and industry, serious consequences may yet have to be faced.\n\n58. Throughout the military period there was a shortage of both skilled and unskilled labour, and such labour as was available showed the unmistakeable effects of four years of malnutrition. These facts, together with the abnormally high cost of all food-stuffs except rice, of clothing and fuel, were exploited to the full in the demands of all classes of labour for increased wage-rates. Initially, basic rates, comprising the 1941 rates plus 1941 High Cost of Living allowances, were increased by a \"Rehabilitation\" allowance computed on the difference in price of the five main items of the average household budget between the years 1941 and 1945. This scheme was satisfactory in its application to unskilled labour, but there were repeated indications from several quarters that a more detailed grading scheme was required in the case of artisans and semi-skilled labour. A permanent Labour Board was therefore established early in November consisting of representatives of all branches of the Services, of Civil Affairs and of the larger European employers of labour. On the Board's recommendation, the Administration accepted a full grading scheme which established basic hourly wages for all grades and classes of artisans and daily paid labour. The variable factor, the rehabilitation allowance, was increased from $1.00 to $1.50 and was tied to the current prices of ten items of food and fuel. Provision was made for its gradual reduction and elimination as these prices fell.\n\n59.\n\nA similar High Cost of Living and Rehabilitation allowance was applied to the salaries of all local Government servants. This was not sufficient, however, to resolve either the larger problems of rehabilitation with which every local family was faced, or the dissatisfaction which was already being shown in 1941, by certain grades of Government servants, towards their salary scales and conditions of service. A general revision of salary scales, directed in particular at the substitution of through scales for the excessive number of classes and promotion bars, as had already been approved in the cases of the new police scales, was clearly desirable, and would involve considerable adjustment of existing allowances and pensions.\n\n(23)\n\n60. It was considered, however, that it would be impracticable to attempt such a general revision until living costs had been stabilized, and it appeared unlikely that sufficient staff could possibly be made available for so considerable an undertaking until Civil Government had been re-established. Meanwhile, a small committee was appointed to consider such temporary adjustments as could properly be made in the salary scales of the Junior Clerical Service, having regard to the limitations of the Military Administration, and to the possibility of eventual large-scale revision being undertaken by the Civil Government. Much work was involved in this enquiry and it was not possible to implement the main recommendations of the committee before the end of the Military Administration.\n\nVolunteers and Auxiliary\n\n61. After the outbreak of the European war and prior to the Japanese attack on the Colony, many auxiliary service organizations were formed with widely differing regulations and conditions of service in regard to their very considerable establishments.\n\n62.\n\nAfter the surrender of the Colony, personnel of these services either remained in Hong Kong or were dispersed to all parts of China or further afield, and virtually all records were lost. The Administration was, therefore, inundated with claims from members of these organizations, which varied from an application for a week's outstanding pay to compensation for loss of life or limb. Little could be done towards the settlement of such claims until some appropriate machinery had been devised, and until such Government servants as were likely to have some knowledge of the terms under which members of the organizations were originally enrolled had returned from rehabilitation leave in the United Kingdom.\n\n63. The demobilization, payment, and subsequent disposal, of members of the Hong Kong Volunteer Defence Corps presented a more pressing problem. All members of the Corps, together with their dependents, were housed and fed while initial arrangements...\n\n(To be continued, as the text is cut off at the end)\n\n36 (Page numbering indication, likely to be at the bottom of the page)", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-591-12 Military Administration- Civil affairs- directives to force commander and senior officials 24-2-1945 - 13-9-1945.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 577062, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-591-14 Military Administration- liaison with Chinese and American forces 11-4-1945 - 25-7-1945", "page_number": 96, "title": "CO129-591-14 Military Administration- liaison with Chinese and American forces 11-4-1945 - 25-7-1945", "content_text": "(F2496/917/10)\n\nTOP SECRET\n\nMINUTE\n\n97\n\nIn the course of a dinner party conversation, Brigadier General Olmsted evinced a desire to discuss with me, in further detail, the ideas about which he had already spoken to the Military Attache - see paper $15/21. I called on him yesterday.\n\nThe General said that he had gathered from a conversation with Mr. Asquith that we had been under some misapprehension as to the scope and purposes of his suggestion that it would be useful if we could appoint an economic liaison officer to work in contact with his section of American Army Headquarters. His proposal, he said, had nothing to do with supplies; and he had better give me some idea of the functions of the G5 section of which he was chief, so that I should see more clearly what his idea was.\n\nThe basic purpose of American G5 sections was to deal with civilian affairs in occupied territories. In General Eisenhower's command, that was the sole function of the section; but since everything here was on a smaller scale, General Wedemeyer had handed over to G5 not only civilian affairs but also various political and local problems which were connected with strategic planning etc. This was a wide field ranging from advising the Chinese War Production Board on production plans in China for military requirements to coordinating into the general strategic plan the arrangements for taking over existing utilities and buildings in re-occupied areas. So far as questions of supply and production went, existing arrangements for liaison between ourselves and American departments worked quite satisfactorily, and it was in connection with the post-occupational function that he thought that more effective liaison was required.\n\nThe General said that, in their planning with the Chinese, American Army Headquarters were much hampered by security considerations: it was not possible to discuss with the Chinese any specific plan or project, which meant that in the case of invasion from the sea, he was forced to prepare schemes covering points all along the coast, leaving as a matter for last-minute communication which plan was to be actually used. The same applied mutatis mutandis to an offensive by the Chinese armies from inland.\n\nThere was much British property in China, and it would be most useful to his section if they could have some military officer in Chungking to whom they could refer queries as to facilities available on such property. It was not his business to suggest to whom such an officer should be attached. What he required was a channel for enquiry and consultation.\n\nSupposing,\n\nhc/", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-591-14 Military Administration- liaison with Chinese and American forces 11-4-1945 - 25-7-1945.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 580446, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-593-3 Rehabilitation of Hong Kong University. For extracted photographs see CN 3-45 12-1-1946 - 27-10-1946", "page_number": 137, "title": "CO129-593-3 Rehabilitation of Hong Kong University. For extracted photographs see CN 3-45 12-1-1946 - 27-10-1946", "content_text": "145\n\nIt\n\n144\n\nsuch matters are very adequately recorded, and has made her own contribution especially in social ethics. It is reasonable to assume that comparative studies could very fruitfully be pursued. Very close contact would be necessary with the Departments of English, History and Philosophy wherein the staff at the beginning will have a majority of British members, and with the Department of Chinese which would be staffed mainly by Chinese. The Department of Social Sciences might aim at an early distribution of posts equally between Chinese and British holders. This should not be too difficult of attainment because this is a field in which Chinese have long been interested, and in which many have had Western training.\n\nDEPARTMENT OF HISTORY\n\n38. In one sense the Department of History will be ancillary to those of English and Chinese Languages and Literatures and of Social Sciences. In another it will have a special task of its own. Here again we should like to emphasize the importance of maintaining standards of work and training comparable to those characteristic of Honours Schools in this country. The primary object of undergraduate courses must be to train students in the discipline appropriate to historical study. If this is not successfully undertaken the further tasks of the Department will be impossible. In the selection of branches of History to which special attention is paid it would be appropriate, and indeed highly desirable, to have regard to the geographical setting of the University. Thus it is suggested that the Professor should be concerned with Far Eastern History. Among the other members of the Department there should be one or more whose special concern is in the History of Britain and the British Commonwealth.\n\nDEPARTMENTS OF PHILOSOPHY, GEOGRAPHY AND MATHEMATICS\n\n39. In the Department of Philosophy, in addition to the philosophy of Europe, Hindu and Buddhist thought would be studied with special reference to their influence in China. Geography would obviously be specialised to some extent along similar regional lines. It is thought that the well-known aptitude of many Chinese students in Mathematics might lead to the early development of an Honours School. In addition this Department would teach the basic mathematics required for statistical applications. The Department would have an important part in the teaching of students in the Faculties of Science and Engineering.\n\nPOST-GRADUATE DEPARTMENTS\n\n40. In recommending the establishment of two specifically post-graduate Departments we are not suggesting that post-graduate Courses should be limited to those provided by them. We have indeed already indicated some of the lines upon which we think that post-graduate work would be particularly desirable. The two specifically post-graduate Departments to which we wish to refer are those of Education and Social Studies.\n\n41. The Department of Education for the time being can, perhaps, best be organised within the Faculty of Arts. Its function would be to train graduates of the University for work in Hong Kong schools, and also graduates of Chinese Universities for work in secondary schools in China. It has been brought to our notice that the Chinese Ministry of Education is concerned that English should be well taught in the schools in its charge. It is a reasonable hope that Chinese graduates would not only be trained in English phonetics and in a modern approach to language teaching, but would gain that appreciation of English ideas and habits of thought that would give vitality to their teaching. It would be for the Senate to consider whether the normal one year course for a Diploma ought not to be lengthened to two years for graduates who desire to widen their knowledge of English literature and thought.\n\n42. The training for other school subjects will of necessity depend for its effectiveness upon the aid and stimulus that will come from such members of the Departments in the Faculties of Arts and Science as have an alert interest in teaching method in their own subjects.\n\n43. The other post-graduate Department proposed is one in Social Studies. Hong Kong graduates in Social Science would be admirably prepared for this, but it should not be confined to them. The groups of studies proposed include practical field studies and research in Government and Administration, and in contemporary social and economic conditions with special reference to China and Hong Kong. The staff would be that of the Department of Social Sciences in the first instance.\n\nGENERAL\n\n44. It is important that all these studies, but especially those in the Social Sciences, should be pursued with complete objectivity and that there should be no attempt at political control of the expression of opinion by the staff in their lectures and writings. If that is impossible, it would be better to have no Social Studies and, indeed, no University.\n\n45. The staff that we would suggest as the minimum capable of carrying out this scheme in the Faculty, keeping in mind the obligation of University teachers to undertake research is stated summarily below:\n\nProfessors\nReaders\nLecturers\nJunior Lecturers\nTutors\n\nEnglish\n1\n\n2\n1\n+3\n\nChinese\n1\n1\n2\n\n2\n\nMathematics\n1\n\n2\n1\n\nHistory\n1\n\n1\n\n3\n\nSocial Studies\n\n1\n2\n\n2\n\nPhilosophy\n1\n\n1\n\n4\n\nGeography\n1\n\n1\n\nFrench\n\n1\n\nEducation\n\n1\n1\n\n(one a lecturer in Geology)\n\nTotal\n\n18, 9, 17, 1\n\nFACULTY OF Science\n\n46. Any university must undertake to teach Physics, Chemistry, Botany and Zoology. All of these subjects must be pursued at a level at which original contributions to learning can be made. Staff, therefore, must be adequate not only to carry out routine teaching but to do research and must be of quality good enough to undertake the supervision of the work of research students. We propose the continuance of separate Departments for Physics and Chemistry, with a staff that we consider to be the minimum with which work of the right quality can be done. For Botany and Zoology we propose a combined Department with Botany subordinate to Zoology. The predominance of Zoology in such a Department is necessary if the Department is to cooperate satisfactorily with the Fisheries Research Institute in developing\n\n17", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-593-3 Rehabilitation of Hong Kong University. For extracted photographs see CN 3-45 12-1-1946 - 27-10-1946.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 581036, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-594-1 Rehabilitation of Hong Kong University. For extracted photographs see CN 3-45- Advisory Committee report 29-3-1946 - 3-7-1946", "page_number": 27, "title": "CO129-594-1 Rehabilitation of Hong Kong University. For extracted photographs see CN 3-45- Advisory Committee report 29-3-1946 - 3-7-1946", "content_text": "## 4. New Buildings\n\nThe plans of the 1940 Committee envisaged the rebuilding of the greater part of the existing University. On the basis of these plans, taking into account the availability of new accommodation (such as the accommodation for research work in Marine Zoology already provided in the plans for the new Fisheries Research Institute), and assuming that full use would be made of existing structures (for example, that the Science building completed in 1941 would be used for Chemistry if a new building was constructed to house Physics), the Committee attempted to estimate a general sum needed for new buildings for a University of the scope it proposed. It took as a starting point the pre-war cost of the 1941 Science building and made provision for an average increase of 75% over pre-war costs in the period during which the building programme could be expected to be carried out (namely, between the third and tenth year after the reopening of the University). It took into account the needs for additional science laboratories, new residential buildings, further students' Hostels, etc., and the special problems raised by the nature of the site. The Committee came to the conclusion that, for a plan that would ultimately provide fully twice the pre-war teaching and residential accommodation, a sum of £600,000 would be needed. This could be regarded as being drawn over a period of about 5 years.\n\n## 5. Equipment of Laboratories and Libraries\n\nThe Committee based its estimates of the cost of providing equipment for the laboratories on the US inventories for the re-equipment of laboratories in devastated areas. On this basis, it judged that the following capital expenditure would be required:\n| Field | Cost |\n| --- | --- |\n| Chemistry, Physics, Botany, and Zoology | $35,000 |\n| Medicine | $25,000 |\n| Engineering | $10,000 |\n| ... | $70,000 |\n\nThe libraries escaped the hands of the looters, and it did not see that there was need to make provision for a capital sum for replacement or special expansion.\n\n## 6. Endowment of Chairs\n\nChairs in Medicine, Surgery, and Gynaecology at the University are already partially endowed by the Rockefeller Foundation. The Committee noted that the Irvine Committee made detailed recommendations for the endowment of certain basic chairs in the West Indies University College, to protect the College against sudden fluctuations in colonial resources, and that the Asquith Commission, in addition to endorsing these recommendations, advocated an endowment policy in general in order to give stability to the finances and staffing of colonial Universities. In view of the special position and purposes of the future University in Hong Kong, the Committee strongly favoured the extension of the same principle to Hong Kong and recommended the endowment of the following seven basic chairs: English, Chinese, Mathematics, Chemistry, Physics, Social Science, and Physiology. This would involve a capital expenditure of £350,000.\n\n## 7. Recurrent Expenditure on Salaries\n\nThe Committee took as a basis of the salary scheme the rates recommended by the Irvine Committee. In the following table of estimates, it is assumed that all the posts are filled, that the senior staff are at the maximum of their scales, and that women and men are paid at equal rates. The Committee assumed that the present practice in relation to the holders of clinical chairs...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-594-1 Rehabilitation of Hong Kong University. For extracted photographs see CN 3-45- Advisory Committee report 29-3-1946 - 3-7-1946.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 581151, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-594-1 Rehabilitation of Hong Kong University. For extracted photographs see CN 3-45- Advisory Committee report 29-3-1946 - 3-7-1946", "page_number": 142, "title": "CO129-594-1 Rehabilitation of Hong Kong University. For extracted photographs see CN 3-45- Advisory Committee report 29-3-1946 - 3-7-1946", "content_text": "141 \n\n## Faculty of Arts: III \n\n### Developments in Studies and Teaching\n\nOur considerations have led us to the conclusion that the basic Departments of a Faculty of Arts in such a University as we have in mind would be Departments of English, Chinese and Social Studies with all of which there should be closely integrated a Department of History.\n\nWe would provide, however, for seven Departments varying in size and complexity, all dealing, though by no means exclusively, with undergraduates. In addition, there are two post-graduate Departments. The undergraduate students will prepare for Pass or Honours Degrees, but it will not be possible at this stage to offer Honours degrees in all Departments. For example, the Department of Geography, headed by a Reader instead of a Professor, is not likely to be able to offer Honours courses, while the Department of English clearly should do so.\n\nIt will be a matter for the Senate to decide, in the light of circumstances, which Departments should in the first instance offer Honours courses. But, in principle, they should be contemplated in every Department headed by a Professor. The two post-graduate Departments have a strong bias toward \"Applied\" studies.\n\nThe Departments proposed are in English Language and Literature, Chinese Language and Literature, Social Sciences, History, Philosophy, Mathematics, and Geography.\n\nThe Post-graduate Department of Education will be organised as a separate unit in the Faculty but with close liaison with other Departments in Arts and Science; the post-graduate Department of Social Studies will, in fact, be an aspect of the work of the Department of Social Sciences.\n\nThere will also be provision for practical instruction in French but, at present, no Department of Modern Languages.\n\nIt is hoped that, at no distant date, adequate provision should be made for Portuguese studies, partly for the important place the Portuguese had in the earliest Western relation with China and partly in recognition of the valuable contribution made to Hong Kong throughout the British period by its subjects of Portuguese origin whose language still is Portuguese.\n\n### Conception of the function of the Faculty of Arts\n\nThe primary function of the Faculty of Arts is to train its students to understand and interpret the Western civilization and culture, particularly its British variant, to the peoples of the Far East, particularly the Chinese. As Western and Chinese cultures are embodied in the English and Chinese Languages and Literatures and in the respective social institutions of the two regions, the English, the Chinese, and the Social Sciences Departments are likely to cover this field pretty thoroughly between them. But the other Departments should not remain merely ancillary to the basic three. In particular,", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-594-1 Rehabilitation of Hong Kong University. For extracted photographs see CN 3-45- Advisory Committee report 29-3-1946 - 3-7-1946.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 581153, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-594-1 Rehabilitation of Hong Kong University. For extracted photographs see CN 3-45- Advisory Committee report 29-3-1946 - 3-7-1946", "page_number": 144, "title": "CO129-594-1 Rehabilitation of Hong Kong University. For extracted photographs see CN 3-45- Advisory Committee report 29-3-1946 - 3-7-1946", "content_text": "## 143\n\nEarly distribution of posts equally between Chinese and British holders should be achievable, as this is a field where Chinese have long been interested and many have had Western training. The Departments of History, Philosophy, Geography, and Mathematics are considered.\n\nIn those Departments, with the exception of Mathematics, the syllabuses and mode of approach will be similar in some respects to those described above. Thus, in the Department of History, it is suggested that the Professor would be concerned with Far Eastern history. In the Department of Philosophy, in addition to the philosophy of Europe, Hindu and Buddhist philosophy would be studied with special reference to their influence on Chinese thought. Geography would obviously be specialized to some extent along similar lines.\n\nIt is thought that the well-known aptitude of many Chinese students in Mathematics might lead to the early development of an Honours School there. In addition, this Department would teach the basic mathematics required for statistical applications. Additionally, the Department would have an important part in teaching students in the Faculty of Science and Engineering.\n\n### Post-graduate Departments\n\nThe Department of Education, for the time being, can perhaps best be organized with the Faculty of Arts. Its function would be to train graduates of this University for work in Hong Kong schools, where there is an increasing demand, and also graduates of Chinese Universities for work in secondary schools in China. It has been brought to our notice that the Chinese Ministry of Education is concerned that English should be well taught in the schools under its charge. It is a reasonable hope that Chinese graduates would not only be trained in English phonetics and in a modern approach to language teaching but would gain an appreciation of English ideas and habits of thought that would give vitality to their teaching.\n\nIt will be for the Senate to consider whether the normal one-year course for a Diploma ought not to be lengthened to two years for graduates from Chinese Universities who desire and can give the time to widen their knowledge of English literature and thought.\n\nThe training for other school subjects will necessarily depend for its effectiveness upon the aid and stimulus that will come from members of the Departments in the Faculties of Arts and Science who have an alert interest in teaching methods in their own subjects.\n\nThe other post-graduate Department proposed is one in Social Studies. Hong Kong graduates in Social Science would be admirably prepared for this, but it should not be confined to them. The groups of studies proposed include practical field studies and research in Government and Administration, and in contemporary Social and Economic conditions with special reference to China and Hong Kong. It is intended that the chief emphasis shall fall on actual working constitutions without neglect of the principles embodied therein.\n\nThe staff would be that of the Department of Social Science in the first instance.\n\n### General", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-594-1 Rehabilitation of Hong Kong University. For extracted photographs see CN 3-45- Advisory Committee report 29-3-1946 - 3-7-1946.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 581192, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-594-1 Rehabilitation of Hong Kong University. For extracted photographs see CN 3-45- Advisory Committee report 29-3-1946 - 3-7-1946", "page_number": 183, "title": "CO129-594-1 Rehabilitation of Hong Kong University. For extracted photographs see CN 3-45- Advisory Committee report 29-3-1946 - 3-7-1946", "content_text": "## \n\nIs not italic \n\n### 18 Lamong 18 2.\n\nparticularly the Chinese. As Western and Chinese cultures are embodied in the English and Chinese Languages and Literatures and in the respective social institutions of the two regions, the English, the Chinese and the Social Sciences Departments are likely to cover this field pretty thoroughly between them. But the other Departments should not remain merely ancillary to the basic three. In particular, some students should be specially trained in the proper disciplines and methods of History, Philosophy and Mathematics by means of Honours Schools in those subjects at an early date. Nor should an Honours School in Geography be ruled out in principle,—though in practice it may be necessary to postpone its development for a while.\n\nThe following observations are offered on the first three Departments which are in the above sense basic.\n\n### Department of English (Language and Literature)\n\nThis Department would aim at developing a critical appreciation of the Western Civilisation and its variants, especially the British, through a study of a suitable selection of literature, using that word in its widest sense. It should also aim at giving its students an effective mastery of spoken and written English, based upon a study of the language, using all the latest techniques, and with especial attention to phonetics. In this respect it would gain much from the post-graduate Department of Education. Comparative studies in English and Chinese literary forms should be undertaken. For this reason, we would suggest that at least one of the lecturers of the Department should be a Chinese well-grounded in his own and in English literature. Such men find a place in the Chinese scheme of University education.\n\n### Department of Chinese (Language and Literature)\n\nThis Department would give Chinese from overseas and some non-Chinese students an elementary training in the Chinese language, and an introduction to its literature, but its main work would be with Chinese students already well-grounded in this subject. It might also become a research centre for British sinologues, rather like the Ecole Francaise d'Extreme Orient, at Hanoi. Useful work might be done on the Chinese dialects and in literary and historical research. It would certainly be surprising if this Department became a greater centre of Chinese studies than those in China itself, but before the War it had already become an important centre, and in any case its", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-594-1 Rehabilitation of Hong Kong University. For extracted photographs see CN 3-45- Advisory Committee report 29-3-1946 - 3-7-1946.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 581193, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-594-1 Rehabilitation of Hong Kong University. For extracted photographs see CN 3-45- Advisory Committee report 29-3-1946 - 3-7-1946", "page_number": 184, "title": "CO129-594-1 Rehabilitation of Hong Kong University. For extracted photographs see CN 3-45- Advisory Committee report 29-3-1946 - 3-7-1946", "content_text": "## 185 \n\n15 \n\nIn addition to the staff mentioned above, additional staff would be essential for the purpose of comparative studies undertaken in conjunction with the Departments of English Language and Literature, of Social Sciences, and of Philosophy.\n\n### Department of Social Science\n\nStudies in mathematics, languages, history, philosophy, and geography underlie and facilitate the special work of this Department, which will be the comparative study of the social philosophies and social institutions of the Far East and the Atlantic areas, especially in their economic and political aspects. More especially, it would study those of China, Britain, and the British Commonwealth. China has a long history in which such matters are very adequately recorded and has made her own contribution, especially in social ethics. It is reasonable to assume that studies could very fruitfully be pursued closely and that comparative contact would be maintained with the Departments of English, History, and Philosophy, wherein the staff at the beginning will have a majority of British members, and with the Department of Chinese, which will be staffed exclusively by Chinese. The Department of Social Science might aim at an early distribution of posts equally between Chinese and British holders. This should not be too difficult of attainment because this is a field in which Chinese have long been interested, and in which many have had Western training.\n\n### The Departments of History, Philosophy, Geography, and Mathematics\n\nIn these Departments, with the exception of Mathematics, the syllabuses and mode of approach will be similar in some respects to those described above. Thus, in the Department of History, it is suggested that the Professor would be concerned with Far Eastern history. In the Department of Philosophy, besides the philosophy of Europe, Hindu and Buddhist philosophy would be studied with special reference to their influence on Chinese philosophy. Geography would obviously be specialized to some extent along similar lines. It is thought that the well-known aptitude of many Chinese students in Mathematics might lead to the early development of an Honours School there. In addition, this Department would teach the basic mathematics required for statistical applications. In addition, of course, the Department would have an important part in the teaching of students in the Faculty of Science and Engineering.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-594-1 Rehabilitation of Hong Kong University. For extracted photographs see CN 3-45- Advisory Committee report 29-3-1946 - 3-7-1946.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 581282, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-594-2 Rehabilitation of Hong Kong University. For extracted photographs see CN 3-45- Advisory Committee report 1-7-1946 - 19-8-1946", "page_number": 16, "title": "CO129-594-2 Rehabilitation of Hong Kong University. For extracted photographs see CN 3-45- Advisory Committee report 1-7-1946 - 19-8-1946", "content_text": "such matters are very adequately recorded, and has made her own contribution, especially in social ethics. It is reasonable to assume that comparative studies could very fruitfully be pursued. Very close contact would be necessary with the Departments of English, History and Philosophy wherein the staff at the beginning will have a majority of British members, and with the Department of Chinese which would be staffed mainly by Chinese. Social Sciences might aim at an early distribution of posts equally between Chinese and British holders. This should not be too difficult of attainment because this is a field in which Chinese have long been interested, and in which many have had Western training.\n\n## DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY\n\n38. In one sense the Department of History will be ancillary to those of English and Chinese Languages and Literatures and of Social Sciences. In another it will have a special task of its own. Here again we should like to emphasize the importance of maintaining standards of work and training comparable to those characteristic of Honours Schools in this country. The primary object of undergraduate courses must be to train students in the discipline appropriate to historical study. If this is not successfully undertaken the further tasks of the Department will be impossible. In the selection of branches of History to which special attention is paid it would be appropriate, and indeed highly desirable, to have regard to the geographical setting of the University. Thus it is suggested that the Professor should be concerned with Far Eastern History. Among the other members of the Department there should be one or more whose special concern is in the History of Britain and the British Commonwealth.\n\n## DEPARTMENTS OF PHILOSOPHY, GEOGRAPHY AND MATHEMATICS\n\n39. In the Department of Philosophy, in addition to the philosophy of Europe, Hindu and Buddhist thought would be studied with special reference to their influence in China. Geography would obviously be specialised to some extent along similar regional lines. It is thought that the well-known aptitude of many Chinese students in Mathematics might lead to the early development of an Honours School. In addition this Department would teach the basic mathematics required for statistical applications. The Department would have an important part in the teaching of students in the Faculties of Science and Engineering.\n\n## POST-GRADUATE DEPARTMENTS\n\n40. In recommending the establishment of two specifically post-graduate Departments we are not suggesting that post-graduate Courses should be limited to those provided by them. We have indeed already indicated some of the lines upon which we think that post-graduate work would be particularly desirable. The two specifically post-graduate Departments to which we wish to refer are those of Education and Social Studies.\n\n41. The Department of Education for the time being can, perhaps, best be organised within the Faculty of Arts. Its function would be to train graduates of the University for work in Hong Kong schools, and also graduates of Chinese Universities for work in secondary schools in China. It has been brought to our notice that the Chinese Ministry of Education is concerned that English should be well taught in the schools in its charge. It is a reasonable hope that Chinese graduates would not only be trained in English phonetics and in a modern approach to language teaching, but would gain that appreciation of English ideas and habits of thought that would give vitality to their teaching. It would be for the Senate to consider whether the normal one year course for a Diploma ought not to be lengthened to two years for graduates who desire to widen their knowledge of English literature and thought.\n\n42. The training for other school subjects will of necessity depend for its effectiveness upon the aid and stimulus that will come from such members of the Departments in the Faculties of Arts and Science as have an alert interest in teaching method in their own subjects.\n\n43. The other post-graduate Department proposed is one in Social Studies. Hong Kong graduates in Social Science would be admirably prepared for this, but it should not be confined to them. The groups of studies proposed include practical field studies and research in Government and Administration, and in contemporary social and economic conditions with special reference to China and Hong Kong. The staff would be that of the Department of Social Sciences in the first instance.\n\n## GENERAL\n\n44. It is important that all these studies, but especially those in the Social Sciences, should be pursued with complete objectivity and that there should be no attempt at political control of the expression of opinion by the staff in their lectures and writings. If that is impossible, it would be better to have no Social Studies and, indeed, no University.\n\n45. The staff that we would suggest as the minimum capable of carrying out this scheme in the Faculty, keeping in mind the obligation of University teachers to undertake research is stated summarily below:\n\n| | Professors | Readers | Lecturers | Junior Lecturers | Tutors |\n|----------|------------|---------|----------|------------------|--------|\n| English | 1 | 1 | 2 | | 1 |\n| Chinese | 1 | | 1 | 1 | 2 |\n| Mathematics | 1 | 1 | 2 | | 2 |\n| History | 1 | | 1 | 1 | |\n| Social Studies | 1 | | 2 | | 4 |\n| Philosophy | 1 | | 1 | | |\n| Geography | 1 | | | 1 | |\n| French | | | 1 | | |\n| Education | | | 1 | | |\n\n(one a lecturer in Geology)\n\n## FACULTY OF SCIENCE\n\n46. Any university must undertake to teach Physics, Chemistry, Botany and Zoology. All of these subjects must be pursued at a level at which original contributions to learning can be made. Staff, therefore, must be adequate not only to carry out routine teaching but to do research and must be of quality good enough to undertake the supervision of the work of research students. We propose the continuance of separate Departments for Physics and Chemistry, with a staff that we consider to be the minimum with which work of the right quality can be done. For Botany and Zoology we propose a combined Department with Botany subordinate to Zoology. The predominance of Zoology in such a Department is necessary if the Department is to cooperate satisfactorily with the Fisheries Research Institute in developing...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-594-2 Rehabilitation of Hong Kong University. For extracted photographs see CN 3-45- Advisory Committee report 1-7-1946 - 19-8-1946.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 581301, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-594-2 Rehabilitation of Hong Kong University. For extracted photographs see CN 3-45- Advisory Committee report 1-7-1946 - 19-8-1946", "page_number": 35, "title": "CO129-594-2 Rehabilitation of Hong Kong University. For extracted photographs see CN 3-45- Advisory Committee report 1-7-1946 - 19-8-1946", "content_text": "## DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY\n\n38. In one sense the Department of History will be ancillary to those of English and Chinese Languages and Literatures and of Social Sciences. In another it will have a special task of its own. Here again we should like to emphasize the importance of maintaining standards of work and training comparable to those characteristic of Honours Schools in this country. The primary object of undergraduate courses must be to train students in the discipline appropriate to historical study. If this is not successfully undertaken the further tasks of the Department will be impossible. In the selection of branches of History to which special attention is paid it would be appropriate, and indeed highly desirable, to have regard to the geographical setting of the University. Thus it is suggested that the Professor should be concerned with Far Eastern History. Among the other members of the Department there should be one or more whose special concern is in the History of Britain and the British Commonwealth.\n\n## DEPARTMENTS OF PHILOSOPHY, GEOGRAPHY AND MATHEMATICS\n\n39. In the Department of Philosophy, in addition to the philosophy of Europe, Hindu and Buddhist thought would be studied with special reference to their influence in China. Geography would obviously be specialised to some extent along similar regional lines. It is thought that the well-known aptitude of many Chinese students in Mathematics might lead to the early development of an Honours School. In addition this Department would teach the basic mathematics required for statistical applications. The Department would have an important part in the teaching of students in the Faculties of Science and Engineering.\n\n## POST-GRADUATE DEPARTMENTS\n\n40. In recommending the establishment of two specifically post-graduate Departments we are not suggesting that post-graduate Courses should be limited to those provided by them. We have indeed already indicated some of the lines upon which we think that post-graduate work would be particularly desirable. The two specifically post-graduate Departments to which we wish to refer are those of Education and Social Studies.\n\n41. The Department of Education for the time being can, perhaps, best be organised within the Faculty of Arts. Its function would be to train graduates of the University for work in Hong Kong schools, and also graduates of Chinese Universities for work in secondary schools in China. It has been brought to our notice that the Chinese Ministry of Education is concerned that English should be well taught in the schools in its charge. It is a reasonable hope that Chinese graduates would not only be trained in English phonetics and in a modern approach to language teaching, but would gain that appreciation of English ideas and habits of thought that would give vitality to their teaching. It would be for the Senate to consider whether the normal one year course for a Diploma ought not to be lengthened to two years for graduates who desire to widen their knowledge of English literature and thought.\n\n42. The training for other school subjects will of necessity depend for its effectiveness upon the aid and stimulus that will come from such members of the Departments in the Faculties of Arts and Science as have an alert interest in teaching method in their own subjects.\n\n43. The other post-graduate Department proposed is one in Social Studies. Hong Kong graduates in Social Science would be admirably prepared for this, but it should not be confined to them. The groups of studies proposed include practical field studies and research in Government and Administration, and in contemporary social and economic conditions with special reference to China and Hong Kong. The staff would be that of the Department of Social Sciences in the first instance.\n\n## GENERAL\n\n44. It is important that all these studies, but especially those in the Social Sciences, should be pursued with complete objectivity and that there should be no attempt at political control of the expression of opinion by the staff in their lectures and writings. If that is impossible, it would be better to have no Social Studies and, indeed, no University.\n\n45. The staff that we would suggest as the minimum capable of carrying out this scheme in the Faculty, keeping in mind the obligation of University teachers to undertake research is stated summarily below:\n\n| Department | Professors | Readers | Lecturers | Tutors |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| English | 1 | 2 | 1 | |\n| Chinese | 1 | | 2 | |\n| Mathematics | 1 | | | |\n| History | 1 | | 2 | |\n| Social Studies | | 1 | + | |\n| Philosophy | 1 | | | |\n| Geography | 1 | | | |\n| French | | | 1 | |\n| Education | 1 | | | |\n\n## FACULTY OF SCIENCE\n\n46. Any university must undertake to teach Physics, Chemistry, Botany and Zoology. All of these subjects must be pursued at a level at which original contributions to learning can be made. Staff, therefore, must be adequate not only to carry out routine teaching but to do research and must be of quality good enough to undertake the supervision of the work of research students. We propose the continuance of separate Departments for Physics and Chemistry, with a staff that we consider to be the minimum with which work of the right quality can be done. For Botany and Zoology we propose a combined Department with Botany subordinate to Zoology. The predominance of Zoology in such a Department is necessary if the Department is to cooperate satisfactorily with the Fisheries Research Institute in developing research.\n\n| Department | Professors | Readers | Lecturers | Tutors |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| | | | (one a lecturer in Geology) | |\n| | | | 4 | 9 |\n| | | | 7 | 17 |\n| | | | 4 | 18 |", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-594-2 Rehabilitation of Hong Kong University. For extracted photographs see CN 3-45- Advisory Committee report 1-7-1946 - 19-8-1946.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 581374, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-594-2 Rehabilitation of Hong Kong University. For extracted photographs see CN 3-45- Advisory Committee report 1-7-1946 - 19-8-1946", "page_number": 101, "title": "CO129-594-2 Rehabilitation of Hong Kong University. For extracted photographs see CN 3-45- Advisory Committee report 1-7-1946 - 19-8-1946", "content_text": "# DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL SCIENCES\n\n## 77.\nIn this Department, as in the Department of English, we would emphasize that a thorough grounding of students at the undergraduate stage is essential before the special work which we hope for can be fully developed. We conceive of this special work as the comparative study of the social philosophies and the social institutions of the Far East and the Atlantic areas, especially in their economic and political aspects. For this work, studies in Mathematics, Languages, History, Philosophy, and Geography are of great importance. Economics in all its aspects is fundamental. Particular attention could appropriately be given to the philosophies and institutions of China, Britain, and the British Commonwealth. China has a long history in which such matters are very adequately recorded, and has made her own contribution, especially in social ethics. It is reasonable to assume that comparative studies could very fruitfully be pursued. Very close contact would be necessary with the Departments of English, History, and Philosophy, wherein the staff at the beginning will have a majority of British members, and with the Department of Chinese, which will be staffed mainly by Chinese. The Department of Social Sciences might aim at an early distribution of posts equally between Chinese and British holders. This should not be too difficult of attainment because this is a field in which Chinese have long been interested, and in which many have had Western training.\n\n## DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY\n\n78.\nIn one sense, the Department of History will be ancillary to those of English and Chinese Languages and Literatures and of Social Sciences. In another, it will have a special task of its own. Here again, we should like to emphasize the importance of maintaining standards of work and training comparable to those characteristic of Honours Schools in the country. The primary object of undergraduate courses must be to train students in the discipline appropriate to historical study. If this is not successfully undertaken, the further tasks of the Department will be impossible. In the selection of branches of History to which special attention is paid, it would be appropriate, and indeed highly desirable, to have regard to the geographical setting of the University. Thus, it is suggested that the Professor should be concerned with Far Eastern History. Among the other members of the Department, there should be one or more whose special concern is in the History of Britain or the British Commonwealth.\n\n## DEPARTMENTS OF PHILOSOPHY, GEOGRAPHY, AND MATHEMATICS\n\n79.\nIn the Department of Philosophy, in addition to the philosophy of Europe, Hindu and Buddhist philosophies would be studied with special reference to their influence on Chinese thought. Geography would obviously be specialized to some extent along similar regional lines. It is thought that the well-known aptitude of many Chinese students in Mathematics might lead to the early development of an Honours School. In addition, this Department would teach the basic mathematics required for statistical applications. The Department would have an important part in the teaching of students in the Faculties... \n\n-15- \n128", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-594-2 Rehabilitation of Hong Kong University. For extracted photographs see CN 3-45- Advisory Committee report 1-7-1946 - 19-8-1946.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 581383, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-594-2 Rehabilitation of Hong Kong University. For extracted photographs see CN 3-45- Advisory Committee report 1-7-1946 - 19-8-1946", "page_number": 110, "title": "CO129-594-2 Rehabilitation of Hong Kong University. For extracted photographs see CN 3-45- Advisory Committee report 1-7-1946 - 19-8-1946", "content_text": "## 5. Equipment of Laboratories and Libraries\n\nThe Committee based its estimates of the cost of providing equipment for the laboratories on the UNESCO inventories for the re-equipment of laboratories in devastated areas. On this basis, it judged that the following capital expenditure would be required:\n| Field | Cost |\n| --- | --- |\n| Chemistry, Physics, Botany, and Zoology | £35,000 |\n| Medicine | £25,000 |\n| Engineering | £10,000 |\n| | £70,000 |\n\nThe libraries escaped the hands of the looters, and it did not seem that there was need to make provision for a capital sum for replacement or special expansion.\n\n## 6. Endowment of Chairs\n\nChairs in Medicine, Surgery, and Gynaecology at the University are already partially endowed by the Rockefeller Foundation. The Committee noted that the Irvine Committee made detailed recommendations for the endowment of certain basic chairs in the West Indies University College, to protect the College against sudden fluctuations in colonial resources, and that the Asquith Commission, in addition to endorsing these recommendations, advocated an endowment policy in general to give stability to the finances and staffing of colonial Universities. In view of the special position and purposes of the future University in Hong Kong, the Committee strongly favoured the extension of the same principle to Hong Kong and recommends the endowment of the following seven basic chairs: English, Chinese, Mathematics, Chemistry, Physics, Social Science, and Physiology. This would involve a capital expenditure of £350,000.\n\n## 7. Recurrent Expenditure on Salaries\n\nThe Committee took as a basis of the salary scheme the rates recommended by the Irvine Committee. In the following table of estimates, it is assumed that all the posts are filled, and that the senior...\n\nPage 110\nPage 111", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-594-2 Rehabilitation of Hong Kong University. For extracted photographs see CN 3-45- Advisory Committee report 1-7-1946 - 19-8-1946.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 581412, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-594-2 Rehabilitation of Hong Kong University. For extracted photographs see CN 3-45- Advisory Committee report 1-7-1946 - 19-8-1946", "page_number": 139, "title": "CO129-594-2 Rehabilitation of Hong Kong University. For extracted photographs see CN 3-45- Advisory Committee report 1-7-1946 - 19-8-1946", "content_text": "# DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL SCIENCES\n\nIn this Department, as in the Department of English, we would emphasize that thorough grounding of students at the undergraduate stage is essential before the special work which we hope for can be fully developed. We conceive of this special work as the comparative study of the social philosophies and the social institutions of the Far East and the Atlantic areas, especially in their economic and political aspects. For this work studies in Mathematics, Languages, History, Philosophy, and Geography are of great importance. Economics in all its aspects is fundamental. Particular attention could appropriately be given to the philosophies and institutions of China, Britain, and the British Commonwealth. China has a long history in which such matters are very adequately recorded, and has made her own contribution, especially in social ethics. It is reasonable to assume that comparative studies could very fruitfully be pursued. Very close contact would be necessary with the Departments of English, History, and Philosophy wherein the staff at the beginning will have a majority of British members, and with the Department of Chinese which will be staffed mainly by Chinese. The Department of Social Sciences might aim at an early distribution of posts equally between Chinese and British holders. This should not be too difficult of attainment because this is a field in which Chinese have long been interested, and in which many have had Western training.\n\n## DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY\n\nIn one sense, the Department of History will be ancillary to those of English and Chinese Languages and Literatures and of Social Sciences. In another, it will have a special task of its own. Here again, we should like to emphasize the importance of maintaining standards of work and training comparable to those characteristic of Honour Schools in the country. The primary object of undergraduate courses must be to train students in the discipline appropriate to historical study. If this is not successfully undertaken, the further tasks of the Department will be impossible. In the selection of branches of History to which special attention is paid, it would be appropriate, and indeed highly desirable, to have regard to the geographical setting of the University. Thus, it is suggested that the Professor should be concerned with Far Eastern History. Among the other members of the Department, there should be one or more whose special concern is in the History of Britain and the British Commonwealth.\n\n### DEPARTMENTS OF PHILOSOPHY, GEOGRAPHY, AND MATHEMATICS\n\nIn the Department of Philosophy, in addition to the philosophy of Europe, Hindu and Buddhist philosophies would be studied with special reference to their influence on Chinese thought. Geography would obviously be specialized to some extent along similar regional lines. It is thought that the well-known aptitude of many Chinese students in Mathematics might lead to the early development of an Honours School. In addition, this Department would teach the basic mathematics required for statistical applications. The Department would have an important part in the teaching of students in the Faculties of Science and Engineering.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-594-2 Rehabilitation of Hong Kong University. For extracted photographs see CN 3-45- Advisory Committee report 1-7-1946 - 19-8-1946.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 581421, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-594-2 Rehabilitation of Hong Kong University. For extracted photographs see CN 3-45- Advisory Committee report 1-7-1946 - 19-8-1946", "page_number": 148, "title": "CO129-594-2 Rehabilitation of Hong Kong University. For extracted photographs see CN 3-45- Advisory Committee report 1-7-1946 - 19-8-1946", "content_text": "## 175 \n-24- \n\nIn 1941, it would be used for Chemistry if a new building was constructed to house Physics and Biology. The Committee attempted to estimate a general sum needed for new buildings for a University of the scope proposed.\n\nTaking the pre-war cost of the 1941 science building as a starting point and making provision for an average increase of 75% over pre-war costs in the period during which the building programme would be expected to be carried out (namely, between the third and tenth year after the reopening of the University), we have to account for the needs for additional Science laboratories, new Medical buildings, further Students' Hostels, etc., and the special problems raised by the nature of the site. The Committee came to the conclusion that, for a plan that would ultimately provide fully twice the pre-war teaching and residential accommodation, a sum of £600,000 would probably be needed. This sum could be regarded as a pool to be drawn on over a period of about 7 years to meet firm estimates as they became available.\n\n## Equipment of Laboratories and Libraries\n\nThe Committee based its estimates of the cost of providing equipment for the laboratories on the UNESCO inventories for the re-equipment of laboratories in devastated areas. On this basis, it judged that the following capital expenditure would be required:\n| Field | Cost |\n| --- | --- |\n| Chemistry, Physics, Botany and Zoology | £35,000 |\n| Medicine | £25,000 |\n| Engineering | £10,000 |\n| Total | £70,000 |\n\nThe libraries escaped the hands of the looters, and it did not seem that there was need to make provision for a capital sum for replacement or special expansion.\n\n## Endowment of Chairs\n\nChairs in Medicine, Surgery, and Gynaecology at the University are already partially endowed by the Rockefeller Foundation. The Committee noted that the Irvine Committee made detailed recommendations for the endowment of certain basic chairs in the West Indies University College, to protect the College against sudden fluctuations in colonial resources, and that the Asquith Commission, in addition to endorsing these recommendations, advocated an endowment policy in general in order to give stability to the finances and staffing of colonial Universities. In view of the special position and purposes of the future University in Hong Kong, the Committee strongly favour the extension of the same principle to Hong Kong and recommend the endowment of the following seven basic chairs: English, Chinese, Mathematics, Chemistry, Physics, Social Science, and Physiology. This would involve a capital expenditure of £350,000.\n\n## Recurrent Expenditure on Salaries\n\nThe Committee took as a basis of the salary scheme the rates recommended by the Irvine Committee. In the following table of estimates, it is assumed that all the posts are filled, that the senior... \n\n## 27", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-594-2 Rehabilitation of Hong Kong University. For extracted photographs see CN 3-45- Advisory Committee report 1-7-1946 - 19-8-1946.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 582571, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-595-9 The British Military Administration of Hong Kong- report- 1946 11-7-1946 - 2-9-1946", "page_number": 20, "title": "CO129-595-9 The British Military Administration of Hong Kong- report- 1946 11-7-1946 - 2-9-1946", "content_text": "## SECTION II. THE PEOPLE\n\n20. The re-establishment of the Hong Kong dollar and the consequent worthlessness of the yen presented the Administration with a situation in which ninety per cent of the population had no money and little immediate prospect of obtaining any. The true solution to the problem lay, of course, in far-reaching economic re-adjustment, but for the moment temporary palliatives were all that the Administration could offer. The situation was held by the adoption of various emergency measures, amongst which was the allocation of $150,000 to provide free food for the destitute, and the inauguration of a large-scale public relief work programme whereby between thirty and forty thousand unskilled labourers were employed daily in clearing and cleaning the city streets. This was the beginning of a comprehensive relief programme and it was at once apparent that the Administration's commitment in this respect was not one which could be lightly or quickly liquidated.\n\n21. The Administration's subsequent relief programme centred in a system of free rice distribution through kitchens in all areas of the Colony whereby about 25,000 destitute persons were fed each day. These figures were never substantially reduced throughout the period of the Military Administration, and in March it was estimated that some 22,000 persons were still in receipt of this first-line relief. Concurrently, the staffs and inmates of all charitable institutions and orphanages, not under the control of the Medical Department, were issued with a total of some 2,000 basic rations daily. A further 3,000 persons were provided for from a depot organized by the Relief Department, where rice rations and ALFSEA rations were issued to needy persons, either free or on partial repayment.\n\n22. As the Relief staff was increased by the arrival of more Civil Affairs officers and personnel sponsored by the Council of British Societies for Relief Abroad, further work was undertaken. Centres were opened where destitutes, mostly non-Chinese, were accommodated and fed. The first of these was Rosary Hill, taken over from the International Red Cross and administered by the British Red Cross. Subsequently four more centres were opened, where approximately 820 persons, of all nationalities, were provided for by representatives of the Salvation Army, British Red Cross, St. John's Ambulance War Organisation and the Administration's Relief Department.\n\n23. In all these centres a system of graded relief was introduced whereby the gradual independence of the inmates was stimulated and every possible assistance was afforded them in finding occupation and lodgings.\n\n24. In February 300 tons of used clothing were received from UNRRA and this was distributed over as wide a field as possible. Minor welfare organizations throughout the Colony were co-ordinated under the Bishop of Hong Kong and $30,000 was granted by the Administration to the Bishop's Social Welfare Council for distribution and for case work.\n\n25. The Administration's relief obligations were not limited to the residents of the Colony at the time of the re-occupation. A constant stream of destitutes entered Hong Kong from Macao and China, and it is estimated that food, accommodation or clothing were provided for some 10,000 persons in this category. In addition temporary relief was extended to 2,300 UNRRA sponsored repatriates bound from Australia, Manila and Hainan for the interior of China. In January the Army RAPWI organization closed down and the housing, feeding, payment and documentation of the 200 remaining repatriates, or repatriates in transit through the Colony, were undertaken by the Administration's Relief Department.\n\n26. Having entered upon relief work of so various and extensive a nature, it was impossible for the Administration to withdraw its assistance until this was justified by a considerable improvement in general conditions in the Colony. An effective reduction in the Administration's commitments was possible and the obligation to provide for many thousands of unfortunate persons had to be handed on to the Civil Government.\n\nPage 20\nPage 21", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-595-9 The British Military Administration of Hong Kong- report- 1946 11-7-1946 - 2-9-1946.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 582577, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-595-9 The British Military Administration of Hong Kong- report- 1946 11-7-1946 - 2-9-1946", "page_number": 26, "title": "CO129-595-9 The British Military Administration of Hong Kong- report- 1946 11-7-1946 - 2-9-1946", "content_text": "## \n(22)\n\nantee for the future, and it was felt that sooner or later the new unions and associations which were being fostered by the Administration would be re-organized to take political direction from outside Hong Kong. If such a development occurs before the Colony has made manifest the promise of prosperity by the revival of trade and industry, serious consequences may yet have to be faced.\n\n## 58.\nThroughout the military period, there was a shortage of both skilled and unskilled labour, and such labour as was available showed the unmistakable effects of four years of malnutrition. These facts, together with the abnormally high cost of all foodstuffs except rice, of clothing and fuel, were exploited to the full in the demands of all classes of labour for increased wage-rates. Initially, basic rates, comprising the 1941 rates plus 1941 High Cost of Living allowances, were increased by a \"Rehabilitation\" allowance computed on the difference in price of the five main items of the average household budget between the years 1941 and 1945. This scheme was satisfactory in its application to unskilled labour, but there were repeated indications from several quarters that a more detailed grading scheme was required in the case of artisans and semi-skilled labour. A permanent Labour Board was therefore established early in November, consisting of representatives of all branches of the Services, of Civil Affairs, and of the larger European employers of labour. On the Board's recommendation, the Administration accepted a full grading scheme which established basic hourly wages for all grades and classes of artisans and daily paid labour. The variable factor—the rehabilitation allowance—was increased from $1.00 to $1.50 and was tied to the current prices of ten items of food and fuel. Provision was made for its gradual reduction and elimination as these prices fell.\n\n## 59.\nA similar High Cost of Living and Rehabilitation allowance was applied to the salaries of all local Government servants. This was not sufficient, however, to resolve either the larger problems of rehabilitation with which every local family was faced, or the dissatisfaction which was already being shown in 1941 by certain grades of Government servants towards their salary scales and conditions of service. A general revision of salary scales, directed in particular at the substitution of through scales for the excessive number of classes and promotion bars, as had already been approved in the cases of the new police scales, was clearly desirable and would involve considerable adjustment of existing allowances and pensions.\n\n## 60.\nIt was considered, however, that it would be impracticable to attempt such a general revision until living costs had been stabilized, and it appeared unlikely that sufficient staff could possibly be made available for so considerable an undertaking until Civil Government had been re-established. Meanwhile, a small committee was appointed to consider such temporary adjustments as could properly be made in the salary scales of the Junior Clerical Service, having regard to the limitations of the Military Administration, and to the possibility of eventual large-scale revision being undertaken by the Civil Government. Much work was involved in this enquiry, and it was not possible to implement the main recommendations of the committee before the end of the Military Administration.\n\n## Volunteers and Auxiliary Services\n## 61.\nAfter the outbreak of the European war and prior to the Japanese attack on the Colony, many auxiliary service organizations were formed with widely differing regulations and conditions of service in regard to their very considerable establishments.\n\n## 62.\nAfter the surrender of the Colony, personnel of these services either remained in Hong Kong or were dispersed to all parts of China or further afield, and virtually all records were lost. The Administration was, therefore, inundated with claims from members of these organizations, which varied from an application for a week's outstanding pay to compensation for loss of life or limb. Little could be done towards the settlement of such claims until some appropriate machinery had been devised, and until such Government servants as were likely to have some knowledge of the terms under which members of the organizations were originally enrolled had returned from rehabilitation leave in the United Kingdom.\n\n## 63.\nThe demobilization, payment, and subsequent disposal of members of the Hong Kong Volunteer Defence Corps presented a more pressing problem. All members of the Corps, together with their dependents, were housed and fed while initial arrangements were made.\n\n38 \n(23)", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-595-9 The British Military Administration of Hong Kong- report- 1946 11-7-1946 - 2-9-1946.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 583821, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-597-3 Estimates 1950 22-2-1949 - 3-11-1950", "page_number": 244, "title": "CO129-597-3 Estimates 1950 22-2-1949 - 3-11-1950", "content_text": "# Huge Budget Asked For HK Security\n## Higher Local Postage, Revenue Stamp Rates Urged To Meet Record Outlay Of $179,586,970\n\nThe Hongkong government announced yesterday that its record-breaking $179,586,970 budget was for \"security\" against \"the deteriorating situation in Southeast Asia.\"\n\nFinancial Secretary the Hon. Charles G. S. Follows warned the Legislative Council that Hongkong's \"chief concern\" for the coming year must be the \"preservation of law and order within our borders.\" He added that Hongkong would \"have to guard against developments which may or may not occur.\"\n\nExpenditures having \"a direct or indirect bearing on security\" alone reached \"the formidable figure of $26,000,000.\" \n\n### Internal Order\n\nThe manufacture of finished products from raw materials or in the re-834 are estimated to cost $1,117, while expenditure on the upkeep of vehicles is expected to amount to $2,155,660. It is normally more economical for government servants to use their own cars on official journeys and draw mileage allowance, and now that most officers have cars of their own, it may be possible to effect reductions in government vehicles and in the number of drivers, he said.\n\n### High Budget\n\nWith the arrival of new animal husbandry experts in the Colony, additional work is being carried out in the New Territories against rinderpest and on experimentation in fertilizers and in rice and vegetable production, Mr. Follows said.\n\nThe proposed 1949-1950 budget total was still between one or two million dollars below the figure required to finance expenditure, even after the latter had been reduced to the lowest possible level consistent with commitments. Mr. Follows explained that normal revenue totals only just over $164,000,000. In budgeting for an expenditure of nearly $180,000,000, the Financial Secretary said the government was quite justified in the increase.\n\nTo bridge the gap between revenue and expenditure, the Estimates Committee advised against taxation of such a manner that trade would be driven away from the Colony. Mr. Follows said that the services provided by Hongkong are already relatively expensive, but fortunately, this has so far been offset by the fact that it can provide better facilities and greater security than its competitors.\n\n### Departmental Estimates\n\nDepartmental estimates have accordingly been very carefully scrutinized, both by himself and his assistants and the Estimates Committee, the Financial Secretary added, and reductions have been effected wherever possible.\n\nIn the field of education, considerable increases in staff are provided for, involving an increase in personal emoluments of $500,000.\n\nThe Financial Secretary also disclosed that under subhead 4 of the Public Works Extraordinary Head, a total of $700,000 for the construction of \"Workers' Schools\" has been included.\n\n\"It is also hoped that reconstruction of Kings College, the Kowloon Junior School, and the Vernacular Primary School will soon be put in hand. These works have been provided for under the Public Works Extraordinary Head, a $73,826,874 in respect of the personal emoluments of the government staff has been set aside, and these include $45,126,874 in basic salaries; $28,000,000 provided under cost of living allowances; and $700,000 for railway living allowance,\" Mr. Follows said.\n\nAnother item on the budget comprises a large proportion of the estimates is Public Works Extraordinary, for which $19,618,000 has been earmarked.\n\nExplaining the reason for this large appropriation, Mr. Follows said that the number of new schemes submitted for consideration is large, and it was finally decided, on the unanimous advice of the unofficial members, that the increase should be limited to the minimum required to produce a balanced budget.\n\n### Increased Taxes\n\nThe proposed additional measures are:\n1. To double the present duty proof 24 cents a gallon on table waters, which is equivalent to a tax of four cents a bottle compared with the present rate of two cents.\n2. To increase the basic local postage rate for letters from five cents to 10 cents, and for postcards from two cents to five cents.\n3. To raise the stamp duty on cheques and receipts from 10 to 15 cents, and to recover some portion of the administrative cost by requiring all applications for import and export licences in future to bear a $1 stamp.\n\nThese measures are expected to yield $500,000, $350,000, and $650,000 respectively.\n\n\"The government will have to provide the necessary funds for the training and equipment of the Defence Force, which is now being recruited and whose primary role is to assist in the maintenance of internal order,\" Mr. Follows said.\n\n### Transfer Of Funds\n\nThe Financial Secretary pointed out that the apparent reduction in expenditure under the Education Head from $12,000,000 to $5,000,000 merited a word of explanation. In fact, there has been no reduction, as all expenditure connected with grant-aided schools has been transferred to the Subventions Head. And on the whole, the total appropriation to education runs to $13,065,100, which represents an increase of $940,962.\n\nSpecial Expenditures, excluding Public Works Extraordinary, total $11,468,520 as compared with $6,714,060 in 1948-49.\n\n### Government Grant\n\nThe estimated revenue intake to meet the government's expenditure, according to Mr. Follows, is $180,019,370, which includes a sum of $16,000,000 representing the grant made by His Majesty's government as part of the war expenditure settlement to assist the Colony in solving problems arising out of expenditure connected with the war.\n\n\"Too Much\"\n\n\"We are undoubtedly spending too much on personal emoluments,\" Mr. Follows said, \"but there has been no opportunity to reduce staff. Altogether, there have so far been staff cuts amounting to approximately 380 employees.\"", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-597-3 Estimates 1950 22-2-1949 - 3-11-1950.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 584291, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-599-1 Salaries Commission 8-12-1947 - 22-12-1947", "page_number": 68, "title": "CO129-599-1 Salaries Commission 8-12-1947 - 22-12-1947", "content_text": "## ALLOWANCES\n\n21. In general, apart from high cost of living allowances, allowances will only be prescribed in respect of: \n(i) reimbursable expenditure incurred in performance of duty; \n(ii) duties extraneous to normal duties; \n(iii) special risks.\n\n22. Since an element for rent has been included in the revised salaries, no rent allowances will be paid to officers who elect to come on to the new terms. All officers occupying Government quarters including Government leased rooms in hotels and hostels will be charged rent, the scales of which will be published in the near future. In no case will the deduction exceed $350 per month or one seventh of an officer's basic monthly salary (excluding expatriation pay).\n\n23. No language allowances, as distinct from language study allowances, will be paid to officers converting to the new terms and conditions of service and officers at present drawing language allowances in accordance with G.O.137 will cease to draw them. Where officers are required by Government to learn a special dialect or language for special duties, or to reach an unusually high standard in any language, a bonus at rates to be devised may be paid.\n\n24. No fuel and light allowances will be paid to officers converting to the new terms of service, but those required to live in communal barrack accommodation will not be charged for fuel or light.\n\n## Allowances for Lodging, Hardlying, and Field Service\n\n25. The present scales set out in General Order 104 for field, hardlying and lodging allowances are being revised and in future these allowances will be payable only to cover the additional cost of food while an officer is compelled to sleep away from his headquarters or the cost of lodging where an officer is compelled to pay for overnight accommodation.\n\n## Boot Allowances\n\n26. Boot allowances will not be payable to officers converting to the new terms and conditions of service and instead boots or shoes of suitable pattern will be issued on an approved scale.\n\n## Acting Pay\n\n27. Acting Pay will continue to be paid under the provisions of General Order 90.\n\n## Overtime Allowances\n\n28. Overtime allowances will continue to be paid to certain classes of officers on a revised basis but will not be paid to professional, administrative, senior executive and technical officers, or to officers of departments where continuous duty is ensured by a system of shifts and where time off is given in compensation for hours worked in excess of forty-eight hours in any one week. Further details are contained in Secretariat Administrative Circular No. 2 of 9th January, 1948.\n\n## Language Study Allowance\n\n29. Where officers are required or are given permission to study a particular language, reasonable tuition expenses will continue to be paid by Government at appropriate rates.\n\n30. All personal allowances will be discontinued.\n\n## PENSIONS AND GRATUITIES\n\n31. Changes in the Pension Regulations are at present being considered. In this connection officers should note that those at present falling within the terms of Pension Regulations A will be required, if they accept the new terms and conditions of service, to accept the rate of pension in the existing Pension Regulations B.\n\nPage 70", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-599-1 Salaries Commission 8-12-1947 - 22-12-1947.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 584710, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-599-2 Salaries Commission- 1947 Report 1-1-1947 - 31-12-1949", "page_number": 86, "title": "CO129-599-2 Salaries Commission- 1947 Report 1-1-1947 - 31-12-1949", "content_text": "# PUNDIX VII \n## ON NUD\n\n(xxxviii) Recommendation that revised basic salaries should include addition of one sixth in lieu of quarters or house allowance. (paragraph 46).\n\n(xxxix) Recommendation that where officers are provided with Government quarters, an economic rent not exceeding 16 2/3% of an officer's salary should be charged, subject to certain \"ceilings\". (paragraph 46).\n\n(xl) Recommendation that where officers are required in connection with their duties to live in self-contained Government quarters, the rent deduction should be appropriately reduced. (paragraph 46).\n\n(xli) Recommendation that where local married officers are required to live communally in barracks or coolie quarters, the deduction for rent should be of a nominal percentage only. (paragraph 46).\n\n(xlii) Recommendation that if rents for appropriate accommodation advance beyond one sixth of an officer's salary, an appropriate adjustment should be made in the cost of living allowance. (paragraph 46).\n\n(xliii) Recommendation that Government should build or acquire quarters where it is advantageous for the staff of particular departments to be housed in the vicinity of their work. (paragraph 47)\n\n(xliv) Recommendation that Government should, in view of the shortage of European style houses, continue as far as possible to provide quarters for expatriate officers. (paragraph 47).\n\n(xlv) Recommendation that language allowance should be abolished. (paragraph 48).\n\n(xlvi) Recommendation that fuel and light allowances or the provision of free fuel and light should cease, except in the case of officers who are required to live in communal barrack accommodation. (paragraph 48).\n\n(xlvii) Recommendation that hardlying allowance should be abolished. (paragraph 50).\n\n(xlviii) Recommendation that the scale of field allowance and conditions under which it is granted should be revised and that in future Field allowance should be redesigned to cover the additional cost of food while an officer is compelled to sleep away from his headquarters. (paragraph 51).\n\n85", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-599-2 Salaries Commission- 1947 Report 1-1-1947 - 31-12-1949.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 584824, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-599-4 Salaries Commission- 1947 Report 1-1-1947 - 31-12-1949", "page_number": 85, "title": "CO129-599-4 Salaries Commission- 1947 Report 1-1-1947 - 31-12-1949", "content_text": "# APPENDIX VII CONFIDENTIAL\n\n\n85 \n\n\nno longer be treated as part of pensionable emoluments. (paragraph 46).\n\n**(xxxviii)** Recommendation that revised basic salaries should include addition of one sixth in lieu of quarters or house allowance. (paragraph 46).\n\n**(xxxix)** Recommendation that where officers are provided with Government quarters an economic rent not exceeding 16 2/3% of an officer's salary should be charged, subject to certain \"ceilings\". (paragraph 46).\n\n**(xl)** Recommendation but where officers are required in connection with their duties to live in self-contained Government quarters the rent deduction should be appropriately reduced. (paragraph 46).\n\n**(xli)** Recommendation that where local officers are required to live communally in barracks or coolie quarters, the deduction for rent should be of a nominal percentage only. (paragraph 46).\n\n**(xlii)** Recommendation that if rents for appropriate accommodation advance beyond one sixth of an officer's salary, an appropriate adjustment should be made in the cost of living allowance. (paragraph 46).\n\n**(xliii)** Recommendation that Government should build or acquire quarters where it is advantageous for the staff of particular departments to be housed in the vicinity of their work. (paragraph 47).\n\n**(xliv)** Recommendation that Government should, in view of the shortage of European style houses, continue as far as possible to provide quarters for expatriate officers. (paragraph 47).\n\n**(xlv)** Recommendation that language allowance should be abolished. (paragraph 48).\n\n**(xlvi)** Recommendation that fuel and light allowances or the provision of free fuel and light should continue except in the case of officers who are required to live in communal barrack accommodation. (paragraph 48).\n\n**(xlvii)** Recommendation that hardlying allowance should be abolished. (paragraph 50).\n\n**(xlviii)** Recommendation that the scale of field allowance and conditions under which it is granted should be revised and that in future field allowance should be redesigned to cover the additional cost of food while an officer is compelled to sleep away from his headquarters. (paragraph 51).", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-599-4 Salaries Commission- 1947 Report 1-1-1947 - 31-12-1949.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 585758, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-602-2 General orders relating to government quarters and rent allowance 6-1-1948 - 29-6-1949", "page_number": 32, "title": "CO129-602-2 General orders relating to government quarters and rent allowance 6-1-1948 - 29-6-1949", "content_text": "**RESTRICTED**\n\n## Colonial Secretariat, Hong Kong\n\n`File No.3833/46`\n\n13th August, 1948\n\n## **SECRETARIAT ADMINISTRATIVE CIRCULAR NO.34**\n\n### Accommodation and Subsistence Allowance\n\nWith effect from 1st April, 1948, the operation of General Order 104, 104A and 104B(1) (Field and Hard-lying allowances) will be suspended, and the following arrangements will become operative. They will be embodied at a later date in General Orders.\n\nAn officer, who is required by the nature of his duties to be away overnight from his headquarters or his place of abode, may, provided he remains within the confines of the Colony, be granted allowances for accommodation and/or subsistence to compensate for the additional expenditure which he may be expected to incur.\n\n### \n| Allowance Type | Officer Grade/Basic Salary | Rate |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| Accommodation | More than $140/month | $8/night |\n| Accommodation | Less than $140/month and daily paid employees | $3/night |\n| Subsistence | More than $140/month | $4/24 hours |\n| Subsistence | Less than $140/month and daily paid employees | $3/24 hours |\n| Subsistence (on cruising launches) | More than $140/month | $3/24 hours |\n| Subsistence (on cruising launches) | Less than $140/month and daily paid employees | $1.50/24 hours |\n\n3. An accommodation allowance at the rate set out above is payable for each night spent on duty while the officer is resident in accommodation for which a charge to him is made.\n\n4. The allowance will be reduced by half for any continuous period in excess of 7 days, but, in exceptional cases, the full allowance may, with the sanction of the Accountant General, be drawn. No allowance will be payable in respect of any continuous period after the expiry of one month.\n\n5. If actual expenses for accommodation are more than the authorised allowance, reimbursement of actual expenses will be considered on production to the Accountant General of receipted bills, provided that the arrangements made were reasonably economical, having regard to all the circumstances and the officer's status.\n\n6. A subsistence allowance at the rate set out above is payable to cover the extra cost of food, where an officer is absent from his headquarters or place of abode for a period of more than 12 hours.\n\n7. In special circumstances, officers on emergency detachment duty may draw subsistence allowance with the approval ...\n\nTo: Heads of Departments.\n\nP.T.O.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-602-2 General orders relating to government quarters and rent allowance 6-1-1948 - 29-6-1949.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 585795, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-602-2 General orders relating to government quarters and rent allowance 6-1-1948 - 29-6-1949", "page_number": 69, "title": "CO129-602-2 General orders relating to government quarters and rent allowance 6-1-1948 - 29-6-1949", "content_text": "**RESTRICTED**\n\nColonial Secretariat, \nHong Kong.\n\n68 \nFile No.`3833/46`\n13th August, 1948.\n\n**SECRETARIAT ADMINISTRATIVE CIRCULAR NO.34**\n\n**Accommodation and Subsistence Allowance**\n\nWith effect from 1st April, 1948, the operation of General Order 104, 104A and 104B(1) (Field and Hard-lying allowances) will be suspended, and the following arrangements will become operative. They will be embodied at a later date in General Orders.\n\n2. An officer, who is required by the nature of his duties to be away overnight from his headquarters or his place of abode, may, provided he remains within the confines of the Colony, be granted allowances for accommodation and/or subsistence to compensate for the additional expenditure which he may be expected to incur.\n\n3. An accommodation allowance at the rate set out below is payable for each night spent on duty while the officer is resident in accommodation for which a charge to him is made:-\n| Grade | Initial Basic Salary | Allowance per night |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| (a) | more than $140 a month | $8 |\n| (b) | less than $140 a month and daily paid employees | $3 |\n\nIf no expense is incurred on accommodation, no allowance will be payable.\n\n4. The allowance will be reduced by half for any continuous period in excess of 7 days, but, in exceptional cases, the full allowance may, with the sanction of the Accountant General, be drawn. No allowance will be payable in respect of any continuous period after the expiry of one month.\n\n5. If actual expenses for accommodation are more than the authorised allowance, reimbursement of actual expenses will be considered on production to the Accountant General of receipted bills, provided that the arrangements made were reasonably economical, having regard to all the circumstances and the officer's status.\n\n6. A subsistence allowance at the rate set out below is payable to cover the extra cost of food, where an officer is absent from his headquarters or place of abode for a period of more than 12 hours;-\n| Grade | Initial Basic Salary | Allowance per 24 hours |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| (a) | more than $140 a month | $4 |\n| (b) | less than $140 a month and daily paid employees | $3 |\n\nOfficers on cruising launches, however, will draw $3 for class (a) and $1.50 for class (b).\n\n7. In special circumstances, officers on emergency detachment duty may draw subsistence allowance with the approval ...\n\nTo: Heads of Departments.\n\nP.T.O.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-602-2 General orders relating to government quarters and rent allowance 6-1-1948 - 29-6-1949.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 585797, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-602-2 General orders relating to government quarters and rent allowance 6-1-1948 - 29-6-1949", "page_number": 71, "title": "CO129-602-2 General orders relating to government quarters and rent allowance 6-1-1948 - 29-6-1949", "content_text": "**RESTRICTED**\n\nFile No.`3833/46`\n\nColonial Secretariat, 70 \nHong Kong \n13th August, 1948\n\n**SECRETARIAT ADMINISTRATIVE CIRCULAR NO.34**\n\n**Accommodation and Subsistence Allowance**\n\nWith effect from 1st April, 1948, the operation of General Order 104, 104A and 104B(1) (Field and Hard-lying allowances) will be suspended, and the following arrangements will become operative. They will be embodied at a later date in General Orders.\n\n2. An officer, who is required by the nature of his duties to be away overnight from his headquarters or his place of abode, may, provided he remains within the confines of the Colony, be granted allowances for accommodation and/or subsistence to compensate for the additional expenditure which he may be expected to incur.\n\n3. An accommodation allowance at the rate set out below is payable for each night spent on duty while the officer is resident in accommodation for which a charge to him is made:- \n| Category | Allowance per night |\n| --- | --- |\n| (a) Officers with initial basic salary > $140/month | $8 |\n| (b) Officers with initial basic salary < $140/month and daily paid employees | $3 |\n\nIf no expense is incurred on accommodation no allowance will be payable.\n\n4. The allowance will be reduced by half for any continuous period in excess of 7 days, but, in exceptional cases, the full allowance may, with the sanction of the Accountant General, be drawn. No allowance will be payable in respect of any continuous period after the expiry of one month.\n\n5. If actual expenses for accommodation are more than the authorised allowance, reimbursement of actual expenses will be considered on production to the Accountant General of receipted bills, provided that the arrangements made were reasonably economical, having regard to all the circumstances and the officer's status.\n\n6. A subsistence allowance at the rate set out below is payable to cover the extra cost of food, where an officer is absent from his headquarters or place of abode for a period of more than 12 hours;- \n| Category | Allowance per 24 hours |\n| --- | --- |\n| (a) Officers with initial basic salary > $140/month | $4 |\n| (b) Officers with initial basic salary < $140/month and daily paid employees | $3 |\n\nOfficers on cruising launches, however, will draw $3 for class (a) and $1.50 for class (b).\n\n7. In special circumstances, officers on emergency detachment duty may draw subsistence allowance with the approval...\n\nTo: Heads of Departments. \nP.T.O.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-602-2 General orders relating to government quarters and rent allowance 6-1-1948 - 29-6-1949.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 585799, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-602-2 General orders relating to government quarters and rent allowance 6-1-1948 - 29-6-1949", "page_number": 73, "title": "CO129-602-2 General orders relating to government quarters and rent allowance 6-1-1948 - 29-6-1949", "content_text": "# 72\n**RESTRICTED**\n\n* File No.`3833/46`\n\nColonial Secretariat, \nHong Kong. \n13th August, 1948.\n\n**SECRETARIAT ADMINISTRATIVE CIRCULAR NO.34**\n\n## Accommodation and Subsistence Allowance\n\nWith effect from 1st April, 1948, the operation of General Order 104, 104A and 104B(1) (Field and Hard-lying allowances) will be suspended, and the following arrangements will become operative. They will be embodied at a later date in General Orders.\n\n2. An officer, who is required by the nature of his duties to be away overnight from his headquarters or his place of abode, may, provided he remains within the confines of the Colony, be granted allowances for accommodation and/or subsistence to compensate for the additional expenditure which he may be expected to incur.\n\n3. An accommodation allowance at the rate set out below is payable for each night spent on duty while the officer is resident in accommodation for which a charge to him is made:-\n\n| Grade | Initial Basic Salary | Allowance per night |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| (a) | more than $140 a month | $8 |\n| (b) | less than $140 a month and daily paid employees | $3 |\n\nIf no expense is incurred on accommodation, no allowance will be payable.\n\n4. The allowance will be reduced by half for any continuous period in excess of 7 days, but, in exceptional cases, the full allowance may, with the sanction of the Accountant General, be drawn. No allowance will be payable in respect of any continuous period after the expiry of one month.\n\n5. If actual expenses for accommodation are more than the authorised allowance, reimbursement of actual expenses will be considered on production to the Accountant General of receipted bills, provided that the arrangements made were reasonably economical, having regard to all the circumstances and the officer's status.\n\n6. A subsistence allowance at the rate set out below is payable to cover the extra cost of food, where an officer is absent from his headquarters or place of abode for a period of more than 12 hours;-\n\n| Grade | Initial Basic Salary | Allowance per 24 hours |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| (a) | more than $140 a month | $4 |\n| (b) | less than $140 a month and daily paid employees | $3 |\n\nOfficers on cruising launches, however, will draw $3 for class (a) and $1.50 for class (b).\n\n7. In special circumstances, officers on emergency detachment duty may draw subsistence allowance with the approval ...\n\nTo: Heads of Departments.\n\nP.T.O.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-602-2 General orders relating to government quarters and rent allowance 6-1-1948 - 29-6-1949.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 585801, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-602-2 General orders relating to government quarters and rent allowance 6-1-1948 - 29-6-1949", "page_number": 75, "title": "CO129-602-2 General orders relating to government quarters and rent allowance 6-1-1948 - 29-6-1949", "content_text": "**RESTRICTED**\n\nFile No.`3833/46`\n\nColonial Secretariat, 74 \nHong Kong. \n13th August, 1948.\n\n**SECRETARIAT ADMINISTRATIVE CIRCULAR NO.34**\n\n## Accommodation and Subsistence Allowance\n\nWith effect from 1st April, 1948, the operation of General Order 104, 104A and 104B(1) (Field and Hard-lying allowances) will be suspended, and the following arrangements will become operative. They will be embodied at a later date in General Orders.\n\n2. An officer, who is required by the nature of his duties to be away overnight from his headquarters or his place of abode, may, provided he remains within the confines of the Colony, be granted allowances for accommodation and/or subsistence to compensate for the additional expenditure which he may be expected to incur.\n\n3. An accommodation allowance at the rate set out below is payable for each night spent on duty while the officer is resident in accommodation for which a charge to him is made:-\n| Category | Allowance per night |\n| --- | --- |\n| (a) Officers with initial basic salary > $140/month | $8 |\n| (b) Officers with initial basic salary < $140/month and daily paid employees | $3 |\n\nIf no expense is incurred on accommodation, no allowance will be payable.\n\n4. The allowance will be reduced by half for any continuous period in excess of 7 days, but, in exceptional cases, the full allowance may, with the sanction of the Accountant General, be drawn. No allowance will be payable in respect of any continuous period after the expiry of one month.\n\n5. If actual expenses for accommodation are more than the authorised allowance, reimbursement of actual expenses will be considered on production to the Accountant General of receipted bills, provided that the arrangements made were reasonably economical, having regard to all the circumstances and the officer's status.\n\n6. A subsistence allowance at the rate set out below is payable to cover the extra cost of food, where an officer is absent from his headquarters or place of abode for a period of more than 12 hours:-\n| Category | Allowance per 24 hours |\n| --- | --- |\n| (a) Officers with initial basic salary > $140/month | $4 |\n| (b) Officers with initial basic salary < $140/month and daily paid employees | $3 |\n\nOfficers on cruising launches, however, will draw $3 for class (a) and $1.50 for class (b).\n\n7. In special circumstances, officers on emergency detachment duty may draw subsistence allowance with the approval ...\n\nTo: Heads of Departments.\n\nP.T.O.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-602-2 General orders relating to government quarters and rent allowance 6-1-1948 - 29-6-1949.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 590316, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-610-2 Rehabilitation of Hong Kong University 9-1-1948 - 18-1-1949", "page_number": 118, "title": "CO129-610-2 Rehabilitation of Hong Kong University 9-1-1948 - 18-1-1949", "content_text": "such matters are very adequately recorded, and has made her own contribution, especially in social ethics. It is reasonable to assume that comparative studies could very fruitfully be pursued. Very close contact would be necessary with the Departments of English, History and Philosophy wherein the staff at the beginning will have a majority of British members, and with the Department of Chinese which would be staffed mainly by Chinese. The Department of Social Sciences might aim at an early distribution of posts equally between Chinese and British holders. This should not be too difficult of attainment because this is a field in which Chinese have long been interested, and in which many have had Western training.\n\n# DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY\n\n38. In one sense the Department of History will be ancillary to those of English and Chinese Languages and Literatures and of Social Sciences. In another it will have a special task of its own. Here again we should like to emphasize the importance of maintaining standards of work and training comparable to those characteristic of Honours Schools in this country. The primary object of undergraduate courses must be to train students in the discipline appropriate to historical study. If this is not successfully undertaken the further tasks of the Department will be impossible. In the selection of branches of History to which special attention is paid it would be appropriate, and indeed highly desirable, to have regard to the geographical setting of the University. Thus it is suggested that the Professor should be concerned with Far Eastern History. Among the other members of the Department there should be one or more whose special concern is in the History of Britain and the British Commonwealth.\n\n## DEPARTMENTS OF PHILOSOPHY, GEOGRAPHY AND MATHEMATICS\n\n39. In the Department of Philosophy, in addition to the philosophy of Europe, Hindu and Buddhist thought would be studied with special reference to their influence in China. Geography would obviously be specialised to some extent along similar regional lines. It is thought that the well-known aptitude of many Chinese students in Mathematics might lead to the early development of an Honours School. In addition this Department would teach the basic mathematics required for statistical applications. The Department would have an important part in the teaching of students in the Faculties of Science and Engineering.\n\n# POST-GRADUATE DEPARTMENTS\n\n40. In recommending the establishment of two specifically post-graduate Departments we are not suggesting that post-graduate Courses should be limited to those provided by them. We have indeed already indicated some of the lines upon which we think that post-graduate work would be particularly desirable. The two specifically post-graduate Departments to which we wish to refer are those of Education and Social Studies.\n\n41. The Department of Education for the time being can, perhaps, best be organised within the Faculty of Arts. Its function would be to train graduates of the University for work in Hong Kong schools, and also graduates of Chinese Universities for work in secondary schools in China. It has been brought to our notice that the Chinese Ministry of Education is concerned that English should be well taught in the schools in its charge. It is a reasonable hope that Chinese graduates would not only be trained in English phonetics and in a modern approach to language teaching, but would gain that appreciation of English ideas and habits of thought that would give vitality to their teaching. It would be for the Senate to consider whether the normal one year course for a Diploma ought not to be lengthened to two years for graduates who desire to widen their knowledge of English literature and thought.\n\n42. The training for other school subjects will of necessity depend for its effectiveness upon the aid and stimulus that will come from such members of the Departments in the Faculties of Arts and Science as have an alert interest in teaching method in their own subjects.\n\n43. The other post-graduate Department proposed is one in Social Studies. Hong Kong graduates in Social Science would be admirably prepared for this, but it should not be confined to them. The groups of studies proposed include practical field studies and research in Government and Administration, and in contemporary social and economic conditions with special reference to China and Hong Kong. The staff would be that of the Department of Social Sciences in the first instance.\n\n# GENERAL\n\n44. It is important that all these studies, but especially those in the Social Sciences, should be pursued with complete objectivity and that there should be no attempt at political control of the expression of opinion by the staff in their lectures and writings. If that is impossible, it would be better to have no Social Studies and, indeed, no University.\n\n45. The staff that we would suggest as the minimum capable of carrying out this scheme in the Faculty, keeping in mind the obligation of University teachers to undertake research is stated summarily below:\n\nProfessors\nReaders\nLecturers\nTutors\n\nEnglish\n1\n2\n4\n2\n\nChinese\n1\n1\n7\n2\n\nMathematics\n1\n2\n4\n1\n\nHistory\n1\n\n3\n\nSocial Studies\n1\n1\n2\n2\n\nPhilosophy\n1\n\n4\n\nGeography\n1\n\n1\n\nFrench\n\n2\n\nEducation\n\n1\n\n18\n\n# FACULTY OF SCIENCE\n\n46. Any university must undertake to teach Physics, Chemistry, Botany and Zoology. All of these subjects must be pursued at a level at which original contributions to learning can be made. Staff, therefore, must be adequate not only to carry out routine teaching but to do research and must be of quality good enough to undertake the supervision of the work of research students. We propose the continuance of separate Departments for Physics and Chemistry, with a staff that we consider to be the minimum with which work of the right quality can be done. For Botany and Zoology we propose a combined Department with Botany subordinate to Zoology. The predominance of Zoology in such a Department is necessary if the Department is to cooperate satisfactorily with the Fisheries Research Institute in developing", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-610-2 Rehabilitation of Hong Kong University 9-1-1948 - 18-1-1949.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 590339, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-610-2 Rehabilitation of Hong Kong University 9-1-1948 - 18-1-1949", "page_number": 141, "title": "CO129-610-2 Rehabilitation of Hong Kong University 9-1-1948 - 18-1-1949", "content_text": "160\n\n161\n\n16\n\nsuch matters are very adequately recorded, and has made her own contribution, especially in social ethics. It is reasonable to assume that comparative studies could very fruitfully be pursued. Very close contact would be necessary with the Departments of English, History and Philosophy wherein the staff at the beginning will have a majority of British members, and with the Department of Chinese which would be staffed mainly by Chinese. The Department of Social Sciences might aim at an early distribution of posts equally between Chinese and British holders. This should not be too difficult of attainment because this is a field in which Chinese have long been interested, and in which many have had Western training.\n\n# DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY\n\n38. In one sense the Department of History will be ancillary to those of English and Chinese Languages and Literatures and of Social Sciences. In another it will have a special task of its own. Here again we should like to emphasize the importance of maintaining standards of work and training comparable to those characteristic of Honours Schools in this country. The primary object of undergraduate courses must be to train students in the discipline appropriate to historical study. If this is not successfully undertaken the further tasks of the Department will be impossible. In the selection of branches of History to which special attention is paid it would be appropriate, and indeed highly desirable, to have regard to the geographical setting of the University. Thus it is suggested that the Professor should be concerned with Far Eastern History. Among the other members of the Department there should be one or more whose special concern is in the History of Britain and the British Commonwealth.\n\n# DEPARTMENTS OF PHILOSOPHY, GEOGRAPHY AND MATHEMATICS\n\n39. In the Department of Philosophy, in addition to the philosophy of Europe, Hindu and Buddhist thought would be studied with special reference to their influence in China. Geography would obviously be specialised to some extent along similar regional lines. It is thought that the well-known aptitude of many Chinese students in Mathematics might lead to the early development of an Honours School. In addition this Department would teach the basic mathematics required for statistical applications. The Department would have an important part in the teaching of students in the Faculties of Science and Engineering.\n\n# POST-GRADUATE DEPARTMENTS\n\n40. In recommending the establishment of two specifically post-graduate Departments we are not suggesting that post-graduate Courses should be limited to those provided by them. We have indeed already indicated some of the lines upon which we think that post-graduate work would be particularly desirable. The two specifically post-graduate Departments to which we wish to refer are those of Education and Social Studies.\n\n41. The Department of Education for the time being can, perhaps, best be organised within the Faculty of Arts. Its function would be to train graduates of the University for work in Hong Kong schools, and also graduates of Chinese Universities for work in secondary schools in China. It has been brought to our notice that the Chinese Ministry of Education is concerned that English should be well taught in the schools in its charge. It is a reasonable hope that Chinese graduates would not only be trained in English phonetics and in a modern approach to language teaching, but would gain that appreciation of English ideas and habits of thought that would give vitality to their teaching. It would be for the Senate to consider whether the normal one year course for a Diploma ought not to be lengthened to two years for graduates who desire to widen their knowledge of English literature and thought.\n\n17\n\nteaching. It would be for the necessity depend for its effectiveness upon the aid and stimulus that will come from such members of the Departments in the Faculties of Arts and Science as have an alert interest in teaching method in their own subjects.\n\n43. The other post-graduate Department proposed is one in Social Studies. Hong Kong graduates in Social Science would be admirably prepared for this, but it should not be confined to them. The groups of studies proposed include practical field studies and research in Government and Administration, and in contemporary social and economic conditions with special reference to China and Hong Kong. The staff would be that of the Department of Social Sciences in the first instance.\n\n# GENERAL\n\n44. It is important that all these studies, but especially those in the Social Sciences, should be pursued with complete objectivity and that there should be no attempt at political control of the expression of opinion by the staff in their lectures and writings. If that is impossible, it would be better to have no Social Studies and, indeed, no University.\n\n45. The staff that we would suggest as the minimum capable of carrying out this scheme in the Faculty, keeping in mind the obligation of University teachers to undertake research is stated summarily below:\n\nProfessors\nReaders\nLecturers\nJunior Lecturers\nTutors\n\nEnglish\n2\n2\n2\n1\n2\n\nChinese\n1\n2\n2\n1\n1\n\nMathematics\n2\n1\n2\n(one a Geology)\n1\n\nHistory\n1\n1\n2\n1\n3\n\nSocial Studies\n1\n1\n4\n\n2\n\nPhilosophy\n1\n1\n2\n\n4\n\nGeography\n1\n\n1\n1\n7\n\nFrench\n\n1\n\n4\n\nEducation\n\n1\n\n18\n\n9\n\n17\n\n1\n\nlecturer in\n\n# FACULTY OF SCIENCE\n\n46. Any university must undertake to teach Physics, Chemistry, Botany and Zoology. All of these subjects must be pursued at a level at which original contributions to learning can be made. Staff, therefore, must be adequate not only to carry out routine teaching but to do research and must be of quality good enough to undertake the supervision of the work of research students. We propose the continuance of separate Departments for Physics and Chemistry, with a staff that we consider to be the minimum with which work of the right quality can be done. For Botany and Zoology we propose a combined Department with Botany subordinate to Zoology. The predominance of Zoology in such a Department is necessary if the Department is to cooperate satisfactorily with the Fisheries Research Institute in developing", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-610-2 Rehabilitation of Hong Kong University 9-1-1948 - 18-1-1949.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 590568, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-610-3 Rehabilitation of Hong Kong University 15-2-1949 - 7-2-1950", "page_number": 138, "title": "CO129-610-3 Rehabilitation of Hong Kong University 15-2-1949 - 7-2-1950", "content_text": "142\n\n16\n\nsuch matters are very adequately recorded, and has made her own contribution, especially in social ethics. It is reasonable to assume that comparative studies could very fruitfully be pursued. Very close contact would be necessary with the Departments of English, History and Philosophy wherein the staff at the beginning will have a majority of British members, and with the Department of Chinese which would be staffed mainly by Chinese. The Department of Social Sciences might aim at an early distribution of posts equally between Chinese and British holders. This should not be too difficult of attainment because this is a field in which Chinese have long been interested, and in which many have had Western training.\n\n# DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY\n\n38. In one sense the Department of History will be ancillary to those of English and Chinese Languages and Literatures and of Social Sciences. In another it will have a special task of its own. Here again we should like to emphasize the importance of maintaining standards of work and training comparable to those characteristic of Honours Schools in this country. The primary object of undergraduate courses must be to train students in the discipline appropriate to historical study. If this is not successfully undertaken the further tasks of the Department will be impossible. In the selection of branches of History to which special attention is paid it would be appropriate, and indeed highly desirable, to have regard to the geographical setting of the University. Thus it is suggested that the Professor should be concerned with Far Eastern History. Among the other members of the Department there should be one or more whose special concern is in the History of Britain and the British Commonwealth.\n\n# DEPARTMENTS OF PHILOSOPHY, GEOGRAPHY AND MATHEMATICS\n\n39. In the Department of Philosophy, in addition to the philosophy of Europe, Hindu and Buddhist thought would be studied with special reference to their influence in China. Geography would obviously be specialised to some extent along similar regional lines. It is thought that the well-known aptitude of many Chinese students in Mathematics might lead to the early development of an Honours School. In addition this Department would teach the basic mathematics required for statistical applications. The Department would have an important part in the teaching of students in the Faculties of Science and Engineering.\n\n# POST-GRADUATE DEPARTMENTS\n\n40. In recommending the establishment of two specifically post-graduate Departments we are not suggesting that post-graduate Courses should be limited to those provided by them. We have indeed already indicated some of the lines upon which we think that post-graduate work would be particularly desirable. The two specifically post-graduate Departments to which we wish to refer are those of Education and Social Studies.\n\n41. The Department of Education for the time being can, perhaps, best be organised within the Faculty of Arts. Its function would be to train graduates of the University for work in Hong Kong schools, and also graduates of Chinese Universities for work in secondary schools in China. It has been brought to our notice that the Chinese Ministry of Education is concerned that English should be well taught in the schools in its charge. It is a reasonable hope that Chinese graduates would not only be trained in English phonetics and in a modern approach to language teaching, but would gain that appreciation of English ideas and habits of thought that would give vitality to their teaching. It would be for the Senate to consider whether the normal one year course for a Diploma ought not to be lengthened to two years for graduates who desire to widen their knowledge of English literature and thought.\n\n17\n\nteaching. It would be for the necessity depend for its effectiveness upon the aid and stimulus that will come from such members of the Departments in the Faculties of Arts and Science as have an alert interest in teaching method in their own subjects.\n\n43. The other post-graduate Department proposed is one in Social Studies. Hong Kong graduates in Social Science would be admirably prepared for this, but it should not be confined to them. The groups of studies proposed include practical field studies and research in Government and Administration, and in contemporary social and economic conditions with special reference to China and Hong Kong. The staff would be that of the Department of Social Sciences in the first instance.\n\n# GENERAL\n\n44. It is important that all these studies, but especially those in the Social Sciences, should be pursued with complete objectivity and that there should be no attempt at political control of the expression of opinion by the staff in their lectures and writings. If that is impossible, it would be better to have no Social Studies and, indeed, no University.\n\n45. The staff that we would suggest as the minimum capable of carrying out this scheme in the Faculty, keeping in mind the obligation of University teachers to undertake research is stated summarily below:\n\nProfessors\nReaders\nLecturers\nJunior Lecturers\nTutors\n\nEnglish\n1\n1\n2\n\n4\n\nChinese\n1\n2\n2\n1\n\nMathematics\n1\n1\n2\n2\n\nHistory\n1\n1\n2\n\nSocial Studies\n1\n1\n4\n1\n\nPhilosophy\n1\n\n1\n2\n\nGeography\n1\n\n2\n(one a lecturer in Geology)\n\nFrench\n\n1\n3\n\nEducation\n\n1\n2\n4\n\nTotal\n7\n9\n18\n17\n4\n\n# FACULTY OF SCIENCE\n\n46. Any university must undertake to teach Physics, Chemistry, Botany and Zoology. All of these subjects must be pursued at a level at which original contributions to learning can be made. Staff, therefore, must be adequate not only to carry out routine teaching but to do research and must be of quality good enough to undertake the supervision of the work of research students. We propose the continuance of separate Departments for Physics and Chemistry, with a staff that we consider to be the minimum with which work of the right quality can be done. For Botany and Zoology we propose a combined Department with Botany subordinate to Zoology. The predominance of Zoology in such a Department is necessary if the Department is to cooperate satisfactorily with the Fisheries Research Institute in developing", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-610-3 Rehabilitation of Hong Kong University 15-2-1949 - 7-2-1950.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 591748, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-612-2 Police Department- petition from European memebers of Inspectorate 29-1-1948 - 22-7-1949", "page_number": 43, "title": "CO129-612-2 Police Department- petition from European memebers of Inspectorate 29-1-1948 - 22-7-1949", "content_text": "## Paragraph 5\nThe conditions of service for expatriate Police Officers have been very considerably improved not only in respect of emoluments but also in regard to leave. Long leave is now granted to Police officers after four years' service following first appointment instead of after five, and Police officers who have had ten years' service and have reached the age of forty now serve a three-year tour instead of having to wait until they have served for twenty years and reached the age of forty-five. It is not understood in what respect the Salaries Commission's recommendations \"have accentuated the discomforts and disadvantages which work in the tropics is liable to entail\". The argument advanced appears to be purely rhetorical. While on leave, Police officers, in common with other subordinate officers who formerly enjoyed certain privileges in kind, now have those privileges reflected in their enhanced salaries, which suffer no abatement in respect of quarters, etc., unless the officer is actually on duty in the Colony.\n\n## Paragraph 7\nThe petitioners complain that they have received inadequate compensation in their revised salaries for the discontinuance of certain privileges which they formerly enjoyed. The allowances in lieu of free furnished quarters and fuel and light have been incorporated into salary, and Police officers benefit thereby not only while on leave but also in respect of eventual pension. The rents which are being charged for quarters and furniture are well within officers' means under the revised salary scheme. The maximum rents charged on basic salaries varying between $400 a month and $960 a month (i.e., between the minimum and maximum basic salaries of the Inspectorate) run from $55 a month to $120 a month, but in most cases, Police officers who are required to occupy quarters in connection with their work are charged less than the rent normal for their salary range. The charge for furniture is at present 5% of the rent paid but will be increased to 10% when the Stores Department is in a position to supply the full approved scale of furniture. Even then, the charge will only amount to between $5.50 and $12 a month for members of the Police Inspectorate.\n\nThe cost of fuel and light is taken fully into account in the cost of living allowance, and if Police officers were allowed to retain their former privilege, which I do not recommend, an appropriate deduction would have to be made from their cost of living allowance. No retrospective recovery has, in fact, been made in respect of fuel or light consumed by Police officers in 1947 or during part of 1948, but officers are now paying for what they consume.\n\nAn allowance is still paid to Police officers and men who incur extra expenses in connection with duties afloat on Police cruising launches. It is no longer styled Hardlying Allowance and is at rates designed to compensate for the extra cost of living afloat for short periods and maintaining families ashore at the same time. Hardlying allowance, in respect of service at outstations in the New Territories, was, in fact, a form of field allowance (which was introduced in respect of certain temporary Police posts on the border when the Japanese were on the other side of the frontier and continued after the reoccupation when lawlessness was rife and no proper quarters existed), has been discontinued, since the retention of this allowance is not now considered to be justified. Transport facilities are, however, granted so that officers stationed in the New Territories may spend their days off in Hong Kong or Kowloon.\n\n## Paragraph 8\nThe method by which the percentage increases of 1948 total emoluments over those of 1941 have been calculated appears to be erroneous. Any figure for the value of free fuel and light consumed in 1941 is invalid for 1947 or 1948. It is not understood how the figure of $143 for the value of free furnished quarters in 1941 and 1946 is arrived at. Such a figure should vary with an officer's rank and salary, which determine...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-612-2 Police Department- petition from European memebers of Inspectorate 29-1-1948 - 22-7-1949.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 591772, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-612-2 Police Department- petition from European memebers of Inspectorate 29-1-1948 - 22-7-1949", "page_number": 67, "title": "CO129-612-2 Police Department- petition from European memebers of Inspectorate 29-1-1948 - 22-7-1949", "content_text": "## ALLOWANCES\n\n20. In general, apart from high cost of living allowances, allowances will only be prescribed in respect of: -\n(1) reimbursable expenditure incurred in performance of duty;\n(ii) duties extraneous to normal duties;\n(iii) special risks.\n\n21. Since an element for rent has been included in the revised salaries, no rent allowances will be paid to officers who elect to come on to the new terms. All officers occupying Government quarters, including Government leased rooms in hotels and hostels, will be charged rent, the scales of which will be published in the near future. In no case will the deduction exceed one seventh of an officer's basic monthly salary (excluding expatriation pay) and in the majority of cases it will be substantially less.\n\n22. No language allowances, as distinct from language study allowances, will be paid to officers converting to the new terms and conditions of service and officers at present drawing language allowances in accordance with **G.O.137** will cease to draw them. Where officers are required by Government to learn a special dialect or language other than Cantonese for special duties, or to reach an unusually high standard in any language, a bonus at rates to be devised may be paid. Bonus will be paid for the passing of any language examinations which may be prescribed for the passing of any probation, efficiency or promotion bars.\n\n## Fuel and Light\n\n23. No fuel and light allowances will be paid to officers converting to the new terms of service, but those required to live in communal barrack accommodation will not be charged for fuel or light.\n\n## Field, Hardlying and Lodging Allowances\n\n24. The present scales set out in **General Order 104** for field, hard lying and lodging allowances are being revised and in future the so allowances will be payable only to cover the additional cost of food while an officer is compelled to be away from his headquarters overnight or the cost of lodging where an officer is compelled to pay for overnight accommodation.\n\n## Boot Allowance\n\n25. Boot allowance will not be payable to officers converting to the new terms and conditions of service and instead boots or shoes of suitable pattern will be issued on an approved scale.\n\n## Acting Pay\n\n26. Acting pay will continue to be paid under the provisions of **General Order No.90**.\n\n## Language Study Allowance\n\n27. Where officers are required or are given permission to study a particular language, reasonable tuition expenses will continue to be paid by Government at appropriate rates.\n\n## Personal Allowances\n\n28. All personal allowances will be discontinued. Medal allowance, drill instructors teachers and instructors allowances will be discontinued.\n\n## Medal, Drill, Teachers, Instructors Allowances\n\n29. Uniform on an approved scale will continue to be supplied to non-gazetted Police officers free of charge.\n\n## Free Uniform\n\n30.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-612-2 Police Department- petition from European memebers of Inspectorate 29-1-1948 - 22-7-1949.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 591942, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-612-2 Police Department- petition from European memebers of Inspectorate 29-1-1948 - 22-7-1949", "page_number": 235, "title": "CO129-612-2 Police Department- petition from European memebers of Inspectorate 29-1-1948 - 22-7-1949", "content_text": "# 234\n\nCommission probably did not appreciate:-\n\n## Rent Allowance\n\nThat it is advisable that Police Officers should live either at stations or in quarters suitably located with the result that Police Officers are frequently moved from place to place and have no settled home. That the increase of basic salary does not permit of a deduction of even a small rent for the use of quarters and furniture provided by the Government. That Your Petitioners appreciate that under the new system officers gain during periods of leave and in calculating pensions, though the element given in the new salaries for rent, up to the rank of Inspector, is never sufficient to enable officers to hire furnished quarters in the Colony, whilst on leave, or on pension.\n\n## Fuel and Light\n\nThat these perquisites were much appreciated and in the present state of high costs Your Petitioners find that the charges for fuel and light are a serious tax upon their resources especially as, under the new scale, no compensation is made for the withdrawal of this valuable allowance.\n\n## Field, Hardlying and Lodging Allowances\n\nThat Your Petitioners submit that these allowances should be granted in more circumstances than are outlined in paragraph 24 of the Establishment Officer's letter of the 29th January 1948. That for example:-\n\n(a) Officers in the New Territories Stations perform their duties and live under very hard, and in some cases, very primitive conditions, far removed from other European company and assistance, and that these conditions deserve some compensation.\n\n(b) Water Police. That the Launches at present in use are extremely uncomfortable and are quite unsuitable for the accommodation of European officers in the Tropics. That the service therein is definitely hardlying and as officers are at sea, and continuously on duty, for four days out of five, additional discomfort and expense is suffered by these men.\n\n(c) Medal, Drill, Teachers, Instructors Allowances. That Your Petitioners submit that teachers and instructors allowances should be allowed in line with other Government Departments.\n\nThat Your Petitioners submit that Police Officers have a harder existence, work longer hours, and encounter far greater dangers than other Government employees in that:-\n\n17.\n\n(a) Their hours of duty are long, insomuch as although they perform but a standard week of 48 hours duty, with time-off for duty performed in excess thereof, the great majority of Europeans have duties which necessitate far more hours of duty than the standard without their being able to accept compensation therefore by taking 'time-off'.\n\n(b) Their duties must be carried out in all weathers.\n\n(c) Approximately one-third of their duty is night duty.\n\n(d) A substantial part of their duty is either in the early morning or late evening and outside ordinary office hours.\n\n(e) Their duties are staggered and consequently their meals and routine of life are irregular, to the detriment of their health.\n\n(f) Their duties in the Water Police and in some out-stations are hardlying and involve... \n\n- 4", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-612-2 Police Department- petition from European memebers of Inspectorate 29-1-1948 - 22-7-1949.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 594663, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-618-4 University of Hong Kong- conversion of Tung Wah Eastern Hospital into a teaching hospital 17-2-1949 - 27-9-1949", "page_number": 18, "title": "CO129-618-4 University of Hong Kong- conversion of Tung Wah Eastern Hospital into a teaching hospital 17-2-1949 - 27-9-1949", "content_text": "## DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL SCIENCES.\n\nsuch matters are very adequately recorded, and has made her own contribution, especially in social ethics. It is reasonable to assume that comparative studies could very fruitfully be pursued. Very close contact would be necessary with the Departments of English, History and Philosophy wherein the staff at the beginning will have a majority of British members, and with the Department of Chinese which would be staffed mainly by Chinese. The Department of Social Sciences might aim at an early distribution of posts equally between Chinese and British holders. This should not be too difficult of attainment because this is a field in which Chinese have long been interested, and in which many have had Western training.\n\n## DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY.\n\n38. In one sense, the Department of History will be ancillary to those of English and Chinese Languages and Literatures and of Social Sciences. In another, it will have a special task of its own. Here again we should like to emphasize the importance of maintaining standards of work and training comparable to those characteristic of Honours Schools in this country. The primary object of undergraduate courses must be to train students in the discipline appropriate to historical study. If this is not successfully undertaken, the further tasks of the Department will be impossible. In the selection of branches of History to which special attention is paid, it would be appropriate, and indeed highly desirable, to have regard to the geographical setting of the University. Thus, it is suggested that the Professor should be concerned with Far Eastern History. Among the other members of the Department, there should be one or more whose special concern is in the History of Britain and the British Commonwealth.\n\n## DEPARTMENTS OF PHILOSOPHY, GEOGRAPHY AND MATHEMATICS.\n\n39. In the Department of Philosophy, in addition to the philosophy of Europe, Hindu and Buddhist thought would be studied with special reference to their influence in China. Geography would obviously be specialized to some extent along similar regional lines. It is thought that the well-known aptitude of many Chinese students in Mathematics might lead to the early development of an Honours School. In addition, this Department would teach the basic mathematics required for statistical applications. The Department would have an important part in the teaching of students in the Faculties of Science and Engineering.\n\n## POST-GRADUATE DEPARTMENTS.\n\n40. In recommending the establishment of two specifically post-graduate Departments, we are not suggesting that post-graduate Courses should be limited to those provided by them. We have indeed already indicated some of the lines upon which we think that post-graduate work would be particularly desirable. The two specifically post-graduate Departments to which we wish to refer are those of Education and Social Studies.\n\n41. The Department of Education, for the time being, can, perhaps, best be organized within the Faculty of Arts. Its function would be to train graduates of the University for work in Hong Kong schools, and also graduates of Chinese Universities for work in secondary schools in China. It has been brought to our notice that the Chinese Ministry of Education is concerned that English should be well taught in the schools in its charge. It is a reasonable hope that Chinese graduates would not only be trained in English phonetics and in a modern approach to language teaching, but would gain that appreciation of English ideas and habits of thought that would give vitality to their teaching. It would be for the Senate to consider whether the normal one-year course for a Diploma ought not to be lengthened to two years for graduates who desire to widen their knowledge of English literature and thought.\n\n42. The training for other school subjects will of necessity depend for its effectiveness upon the aid and stimulus that will come from such members of the Departments in the Faculties of Arts and Science as have an alert interest in teaching method in their own subjects.\n\n43. The other post-graduate Department proposed is one in Social Studies. Hong Kong graduates in Social Science would be admirably prepared for this, but it should not be confined to them. The groups of studies proposed include practical field studies and research in Government and Administration, and in contemporary social and economic conditions with special reference to China and Hong Kong. The staff would be that of the Department of Social Sciences in the first instance.\n\n## GENERAL.\n\n44. It is important that all these studies, but especially those in the Social Sciences, should be pursued with complete objectivity and that there should be no attempt at political control of the expression of opinion by the staff in their lectures and writings. If that is impossible, it would be better to have no Social Studies and, indeed, no University.\n\n45. The staff that we would suggest as the minimum capable of carrying out this scheme in the Faculty, keeping in mind the obligation of University teachers to undertake research, is stated summarily below:\n\n| Subject | Professors | Readers | Lecturers | Junior Lecturers | Tutors |\n| -------------- | ---------- | ------- | --------- | ---------------- | ------ |\n| English | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 | |\n| Chinese | 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 2 |\n| Mathematics | 1 | | 2 | 4 | |\n| History | 1 | | 1 | 2 | |\n| Social Studies | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 7 |\n| Philosophy | | | 1 | 2 | 4 |\n| Geography | | | 1 | 2 | |\n| French | | | 1 | | |\n| Education | | | (one a lecturer in Geology) | | |\n\n## FACULTY OF SCIENCE.\n\n46. Any university must undertake to teach Physics, Chemistry, Botany and Zoology. All of these subjects must be pursued at a level at which original contributions to learning can be made. Staff, therefore, must be adequate not only to carry out routine teaching but to do research and must be of quality good enough to undertake the supervision of the work of research students. We propose the continuance of separate Departments for Physics and Chemistry, with a staff that we consider to be the minimum with which work of the right quality can be done. For Botany and Zoology, we propose a combined Department with Botany subordinate to Zoology. The predominance of Zoology in such a Department is necessary if the Department is to cooperate satisfactorily with the Fisheries Research Institute in developing...", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-618-4 University of Hong Kong- conversion of Tung Wah Eastern Hospital into a teaching hospital 17-2-1949 - 27-9-1949.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 }, { "id": 598475, "series_id": 27, "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine", "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案", "series_use_hku_proxy": false, "document_key": "CO129-626-10 Constructions of piers to improve communications 1-2-1950 - 28-2-1951", "page_number": 29, "title": "CO129-626-10 Constructions of piers to improve communications 1-2-1950 - 28-2-1951", "content_text": "Sec. 2/2526/49\n\nSAVINGRAM\n\nTo the Secretary of State for the Colonies.\n\nFrom the Governor, Hong Kong.\n\nDate 216 February, 1950.\n\nNo....\n\nOrig. on 54403/11/50.\n\n1.29 (6) m'49 Action 54403/9/50.\n\nYour savingram 1129 of 30th November, 1949: Colonial Development & Welfare Schemes for Irrigation, Piers and Feeder Roads.\n\nThe following is a summary of the situation as at present:-\n\n(a) Irrigation: The use of the £5,000 which you have approved as an interim grant is dependent upon our obtaining the services of an Irrigation Officer. As I mentioned in my despatch No. 99 of 25th May, 1949, Mr. A.P. Weir, Acting Deputy Director of Public Works, would be able to give whatever expert advice and assistance might be required on the irrigation projects at present envisaged, and my chief concern is therefore to find a competent field officer. As such an officer's work would be confined to small village schemes it would be necessary for him to have a thorough knowledge of drainage, in addition to some irrigation experience. I suggest that he should be between thirty and thirty-five years of age and be appointed at a point in the salary scale for Assistant Engineer ($850 - $840 per month) or Engineer ($880 - $1540 per month) commensurate with his qualifications and experience. The appointment would be on contract for three years with a possibility of extension for an additional two years. I appreciate that your approval would be required in respect of the actual basic salary offered.\n\nIn view of the obvious difficulty of finding a person with a knowledge of the region and, if possible, of the Cantonese language, an unofficial approach has been made through the United Kingdom Liaison Officer to the Economic Commission for Asia and the Far East, and it seems probable that we may be able to get the services of an experienced Chinese irrigation worker from this source. I would be grateful if you would let me know as soon as possible whether you approve of this line of action. Subject to your approval, I would then cause further enquiries to be made and, if a suitable candidate were found, I would request you to make an official approach in the matter to ECAFE.\n\n(b) Piers: I am grateful for the interim grant of £5,000. At the moment I cannot say exactly how many piers can be constructed out of the £50,000 originally asked for, but borings for three piers at the top-priority sites will be taken in the course of the next few weeks, and, as a result of these borings, it should be possible to make the detailed estimates which you require. I will address you further on this subject later in the year.", "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-626-10 Constructions of piers to improve communications 1-2-1950 - 28-2-1951.txt", "external_url": "", "rank": 0 } ]