[
    {
        "id": 244348,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-068 - Sir Bowring - 1858 [5-12]",
        "page_number": 89,
        "title": "CO129-068 - Sir Bowring - 1858 [5-12]",
        "content_text": "## NEW ADVERTISEMENTS. NOTICE, \n\n**Mr. GEORGE STRACHAN, ARCHITECT and SURVEYOR,** \n\n地出屋式 \n\nGage Street, Victoria, 1st May, 1858. \n\n月戊問士治額如地士未十午便荡街請貴八年可即到燉三行結光\n\n**JUST LANDED AND FOR SALE.** \n\n| Item | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| 12 | Patent WATER CLOSETS |\n| - | Also, Patent Electro-Plated Nickel Silver FORKS, and SPOONS. |\n\nThe Hongkong Register. (No. 18-May 4, 1858)\n\ndon't hamper selves with many goods for we fear he wanting. A small county town acquitted by the committee appointed to investigate...\n\nThe Hongkong Register. (No. 18.-MAY 4, 1858)\n\nthey give is.\" Be prepared for an outbreak in the successful carrying out the scheme will seem to be on the point of being frustrated. Mr. Bott has been using thin verdict will be flat Mr. Butt Tips, in the of Sitara and Coora Ameer of Scinde, and a King of load contemporary was taken to task by one of large stockholders on Hon... and comfortably quartered, the present. Few people believe the rumors of home has its hospital and its charities of ever great conduct, and we hope Dr. Bridges will... with the privileges of the foe of us, were that if he were to do a Court of Appeal from Hwang's aerial cognizance. He is supposed to heart; each party vies with its neighbor to advance also be acquitted were a committee appointed to investigate his connection as standing...\n\nvery near, and it seems even against Chinese common sense, that a person specially deputed is an event of the greatest importance; there are fairs to raise the small fund required, in which every one, gentle and simple, for miles around are interested. Here, where many cur...\n\na few days, we are sorry to say there is not a hospital.\n\ncurrent for the Opium monopolist. There, unfortunately for Dr. Bridges, there is no committee appointed, and so the clamor goes on unrefuted and slander of this kind never dies. We fortunate...\n\nto settle the affairs of foreigners, the news of the fall of Canton being now by those who accredited him, should not on learning the absence of the plenipotentiaries at the math, which news of money for a good purpose could be raised immediately are not the guardians of Dr. Bridges's good name must have reached him from Shanghae-in such a case, he would stride into Canton in all pomp and openness who would feel the least interest in the subject black as his gown for anything we or the public may be, and as simple barrister his name may be, and say Here I am, ready to arrange matters, after he had paid his subscription. We trust...\n\nwhere are your plenipotentiaries? A diplomatic may not continue, but that some of our principle the British Government representing British catch like that would not be...\n\nmissed by a Chinese man will try and do something, by giving both justice to the Chinese, we could less to a more diplomatist. A ranguotic telegraph is being laid their time and money to help forward to perfection tender care of it. He stands in the position down from the Magazine Hill to the Allied Wharf, so good a work as the establishment of a general of Caser's wife, he should not only be-not guilty. If he should not even be suspected. We publish the following minutes of a meeting are happy to believe, but that he is suspected we that Dr. Bridges bite Mr. Butt is not guilty we held on Thursday 29th ultimo for the purpose of establishing a General Hospital.\" We are impressed on the Chinese mind, and we more urgent business. Having inspected the opium monopolist were invited to attend, but were prevented by understand openly stated by Chun-tai-kwong, the buildings which it is intended to appropriate to clever men, all powerful with the governor or the government; that he can take, unmake, or \"That Dr. Bridges is a very adapted for the purpose. Of the skill of the superintending Physicist, Dr. Kenny, we need not and propitiated. All this may be true. say nothing as it would be presumption in us no and the Acting Colonial Secretary may still be a medical men to comment on the abilities of worthy, honest, hard-working government servant, gentleman so well and known esteemed. If the establishment of a general civil hospital alluded to in a previous article does not come to pass, the press...\n\nHongkong, 1st May, 1858.\n\nTHOS. HUNT & Co.\n\nFOR SALE\n\nRHOD...\n\nULES FOR STANSBURY'S MEASURING\n\nPRICE-25 Cents each, on Pasteboard,\n\nApply to\n\nMr. M. Hoza,\n\nat the \"Hongkong Register\" Office.\n\nthe late mailings out intelligence of the appointment of Dr. Harland as Colonial Surgeon, and as the salary is stated to be £800 per annum,\n\nwe for Dr. Harlan! will be prohibited from undertaking private practice. If we are right in this supposition the government have got a good man cheaply, and the community lost a very able professional attendant.\n\nThe duties of the office have latterly become very heavy, and are likely to become still more so, and it is much to be doubted that one person can discharge them satisfactorily, even devoting his whole time to the work. We learn further, the instructions have been sent out that a new civil hospital is to be built and that nothing more is to be done in the affair of the Bowring Praya.\n\nHongkong, 4th May, 1858.\n\nSTOLEN.\n\nGOLD LEVER WATCH, with enamelled dial,\n\nand GOLD CHAIN-Maker's Name, Bund and Laut, 41 Cornhill. Number of Watch. The Watch, with a lanyard and set of Studs were, at is supposed, attracted from the case between this and Canton about January. A handsome Reward will be paid for the recovery of the same.\n\nHongkong, 3d May, 1858.\n\nApply at this Office,\n\nThe Hongkong Register,\n\nHONGKONG, TUESDAY, 4TH MAY, 1858.\n\nParties sending Advertisements to the \"Hongkong Register\" or \"Register's Advertise,\" phrase address to the \"Printer and Publisher of the respective Papers, which will secure early attention to their Communications.\n\nsent Galertising has our best wishes:—Fr. Angelo Fr. Reina, and Fr. Long Mesore Kup Present—Revds. Fr. Jerome Mangier, Fr. MacMahon Block, Kenes, Hassoon, Isam. Werden, F. Sustaining...\n\nthat some means will be adopted for the purpose If a new civil hospital is to be erected we hope of incorporating the seamen's hospital with it. The resident surgeon of the seamen's hospital at the following showing the details of the loss that a barrister should get what he asks; he is The meeting was opened by the Revd. Fr. Jerome certainly cannot look upon it as an improper thing might become the resident surgeon of the civil hospital, and this would relieve the Colonial Surgeon from a heavy duty, while it enabled him to...\n\nGENTLEMEN—I am extremely happy to see you all at this meeting for discussing the expediency, and the means between the seller and buyer, the attorney and client. I am convinced that cure, ponder of the hospitals, or two private hospitals have been called upon to remark on this subject, the effect will be derived from the amalgamation of all the civil...\n\nview and to which, I am couleur you will general and client. The only ground on which we feel that owing to the departure of the medical bent, and plentifully alone, have actuated you in business may who opened them, but it was well known they wish I was able to express any gratitude in language equivalent to my sincere interest for this our of your kind coming this night my welcome guest and I sincerely it has on the Chinese. We pointed out the dianess which will not be un great, I hope, by the weight fl Colonial Secretary, and were we have the evil and civil hospitals. We fear the want of efficiency, to give a no harsher name, still continues. It is so did of your valuable advice and suggestions I should not call for any primary assistance...\n\nrealized. Dr. Bridges is in the Chinese eyes a man 41 years, Master of the receiving ship Mahamoudie and for many years in the employ of Messrs. Jardine, Matheson & Co.\n\nOne complaint is, and in the first place I beg leave to submit a few of my that when the monopolist engages his services as that the site is an unhealthy one that point own propositions to your consideration.\n\nF. DE SENSA Jr.\n\nDEATHS.\n\nAt Macao, on the 7th April, the Wife of Mr. Joaquin...\n\nAt Macau, on the 1st May, Mr. Isnacracto D. VIRKIRA KIBKRO.\n\nAt Victoria, Hongkong, on the 1st May, Mr. I. P. COLL...\n\nTO THE BRITISH COMMUNITY AT HONGKONG\n\nThe undersigned begs to inform the community that the Office of the British Consulate, this day has been transferred from WANPAO to HOKAN.\n\nCHAе. A. WINCHESTER, H.B.M.'s Acting Consul\n\nBritish Consulate for Canton,\n\nAnnexe of Houa, 29th April, 1858.\n\na ground floor in any situation is not well adapted for the purpose of a hospital--still less when high a land is...\n\nIt is intention to establish a General Hospital, in unsel that there is, there can be, no back-stairs of corruption to resort to how; perhaps he may expect this: Gardens and S. Francis Hospital and which show however, the monopolist finds himself compelled my father intention to have it well furnished with all it in surrounded by growing trees, and is alut in necessary materials for a proper Hospital, and to be on all sides by hills except where it faces the provided with experienced Doctors: will us in art, but is informed that...\n\ncounsel to attend for him before the Magistrate's harbor. Be this true or false, there is another change which is a tangible one, and the one on which we base our most complaints. The charge is. changed by a sufficient staff of Hospital servants to attend to the patients.\n\nThe gentlemen I intend to appoint are Dr. Vande... and Dr. Kenny the former Gentlemen lately arrived in this Colony, is a bachelor of questionable own count. creasing their diseases or acquiring new ones. fool the set of several languages which Mandarin Bridges; and with great dignity oỀ references oedh as to professional accomplishments, and enough to English people, but to the Chinese the All this is staple and straightforward We have personal experience of this being true at a fluently, and which will be exceedingly useful in least in our instance and a respectable merchant and ship owner made the same complaints to us sometime ago with a request that we would The latter Gentleman, whose abilities she too well three characters—first, as one of the law-makers, commission where he may meet with patients of all place great power is associated. chant and ship owner made the same complaints to Dolor expose it. Thinking it improbable that either known and ustalised, to any better certium, then, as one of the granters, and finally, as tue That is the so in the present case when we have one man in the trustees or the resident surgeon would sane- apply to them as the hurt and most effective...\n\nFellow of the naval College of Surgeons of England-41 tion such a thing we recommended the party to\" and is proposed to be consulting Doctor to the legal adviser and supporter of the monopolist in course to adopt to put a termination to a rival propositions, I think it well to apprise you of a few...\n\nhis monopoly we see however by report of a meeting held will fin exercises there without distinction of creed on view of their extent. te great sunl, certain- Mr. Isang Batt is, we understand, a very...\n\nA manual number of Inquests have been during the past few days held before the Coroner—one of them however of particular interest: A Chinese was killed by the falling in during the heavy rain of the 20 of an out-building in the course of erection on a Marine lot. 4 Swede was drowned in the harbor while bathing on Sunday the 25th alto. A man, discharged from...\n\nIt is evident that whether this proceeds from patients noting in a way so prejudicial to their carelessness or health, it should be stopped, whether...\n\nRunt of means to prevent the trustees of the seamen's hospital close to carry out or amalgamate it with the civil hospital.\n\nthe appropriate in relieving Papers, who will be received into the Hospital at once; and in the case of time to try point is, that he appears as the paid advocate, at truly desite will also be admitted. stion. In the Civil Hospital a Chinese died from he hoped a properly constructed hospital will be of the airs as the lipizi; to supply this defect, ara perhaps a little stronger in his case.\n\nThe list is no doubt their best course, for it is to that being missionary, I cannot by any means devote ages in the cause. This is the case as nearly as Lufe teal it incurent upon me to remark herehe the same time he holds the position of one of the effects of a gun shot wound received when escaperected on an eligible site in a central spot, of Grand Prus sery kindly tendered his duable aerof Coranous not doubting the honor of its ing from the Western Coal sheds, he having been which there are many that it will be well! vises and M. Braga, roster of the Medal members is yet so jealous of its privileges that it myself entirely the management and perintended. we can understand it of Dr. Bridges, if it be not there committing robbery. A verdier of wilful secured and watched, so that no such abuses can murder has been taught against some parties win!\n\nThe House made a particular attack on a conveying fel...\n\nHail,) deo will take an interest in it. to this market. Iu dar obituary there is the two hospitals would also enable the directors to means as way enable me to cry on these desigua...\n\nThe combination of the means of the to your very own hands to save and suggest such a imputation, and in this the curatituencies In couches, Gentlemen, I consign das proposals will not enfer a member to underlie the shade of...\n\nmamme of Cayman Cole of the Courser, lately wrecked on the Pratas.\n\nWe may have point out two of face—Ã mom- carry out one or two very necessary improvements. fortable set of sick rooms available for the young men of the colony, whether belonging to govern...\n\nwhich it has \n\nHuid Prẻ be the derrotary, \n\nTas news from Canton both public and private are of the most conflicting nature. One be treated for serious diseases with more care and attention than they can obtain in their wet houses set up at Fur Shan, and that it is assembling in the houses of their employers, where their press might be dangerous in cases of infectious another equally positive says No such a thing diseases to the atlier intrares-A portion of the near Fat Shan and The spital to be act mort for the treatment Foldiers place is perfectly quiet. There me the Sade Famous sad counter rumors on the subject of aner only of a temporary character. The fantalony he unlie? pan to atroci the patients.\n\nof the insane, whether the disease be permanent urine of laces of the amal strength (40,000 to 50,000). On this point we see mu besimation...\n\nthere are \n\n3. Kenny proposed Mr Grand the store, Hore we have the close corporation--the are at the details of the object for the formation of as to it or its members underlying grave charge. That a Committee be selected from this meeting to Legislative Council, showing to great impatience ment or the mercantile class, in which they might, that Mosses in Black, it is population. Eat beand this is a popular Reed. Macinon ha aproated a Comunitar, Pr...\n\nalz. Grand Pré proposed and it was unanimously carried that they are perhaps joined by the respectable almost probably they do not believe the large and fucome to be President and Fr. de la Croix added this Mition British and Foreign, and native above all, \n\nPison of the Hospit Mr. Gal P proposed, and it was carried that the Rev. Fr. Jerome, lesit e Founder new is a \n\nwas unanimously wine exactly to think, and as every thing un- secuted, that the Sisters of Charity in the the very worst.\n\nRev. Fr. McMahon proposed Mr. Grand Pré perhaps prepared to tanke up their and to think supposed to be worse than it really is, \n\nposition was also monin shy carried, \n\nW sak, in conclusion, er general readers Proposed by Fr. Jerome and Seeded by air. Sade peruse with care the accompanying article Privalaute or thanks he given to the Gentlemen from the Daily News on Mr. Butt's care. We nek win sa kindly accepted to set at.\n\nProposed by Mr. Kup and seled by Mfr. A. rent whether or not it would not more.\n\nvote is thanks be given to the Secretary its list it end save ten sold ar opes and fair market, dew, to his able conduet in the Ensin Sifeira, that are of tanks to given to Revd. the Gets of the case as to granting a mest udinis liberati in su recuti apcepting the ties id Secretary as to the withdrawal of the first groot, and difconsort with their honor, and open: c'eating, if all Proped by Mr. Block unt seeded by Mr. Issand oppressive monopoly un scaled tenders, when Nothing farther being left for discussion, thermitely as to the regranting it on the same ternis Esalse to theer on Thursday gezi, the 7th May, ka the...\n\nto the same pers, were mady known. And we \n\nin speaking confidently; there is no such army.\n\ns to need fustare polating cut.\n\nthe \n\nWe hear there is much acquisition in villages around, no doubt a great deal of big talk,\n\nalso be isolated buildings for a small pox There hospital and a lock hospital.\n\nIf in ndition a sanatoriure copii, na way long ago proposed in this paper, he erected on the top of Victa Penk, we might consider ourselves well way from Canton to Macau and Hongkong. As we predicted, the Cantooreze pre rising from their fortified to withstand any amount of tiny defent with mere insolence than ere; stones; discne. laze been thrown at offices and soldiers not to mener-getting-the heads of society are so e...\n\nWe fear, however, public spirit is lost an speak of the murderous assault on the policeman paged to making money as fast as they can that Stewart, and it is considered very unsafe to enter they may get back to their own country, that they the western part of the city. In the face of this have us time to care for the rany poor aferra the Europeans are living in Honais in the park nates tied to the island for a very long day, if not houses without even a corporal's guard to pro- for ever. sect them. Goods still go up, and although there is some nceusinese felt by the principal Chinese traders who have returned, yet the only advice...\n\n| \n\nto the meeting and Committee. \n\nThis \n\nhomes of Mr. Buck, to draw Rules and Regiations for the the Hospital.\n\nA. GRAND PRE\n\nNerred \n\nActing Colonist Secretary to give the public. which pays him, sogte expérnation of the very doubtiul position in which he at present stands :—— (beily Never.)\n\nsource of the success of such a scheint, would be. 1. for Youghal and W. T. Bridgee. Eaqrektious peaard by the Committee of the Charnam Mr. \n\nWe do not think outy, one great cases of leave Butt, Esq., Barrister and wanting, but something more than money is. C. L., Harrister and Member of the close car-r's me, it may be informed that the dir. mester has wanting-personal superintendence und an interes portion—the Legislative Council of flugkong, tren aited of the charge of breach of pra ilege, \n\nFrom: what has been allow vú to trucepire respecting the \n\nTo \n\nna weit is a portion of the Naval Brigade. The troops the officers of that regiment: -- \n\nwere left on board the transports Lancashire Witch und Tax Benged Hathara, of the 20th March, says with Mooresfort. at Whampoa and the French Contingent remained on board their own ships, except a ousall party in conjeful occupation \n\nreference to two aditional Native Regiments for th \n\nice in China- \n\nPoutres hundred sepoy belonging to the 65th and #2th Regiments N. 1. are now wigh at island, 30 they have not already arrived ut ur in the visity of Barrack port. As we all know they are destined for service in Cuma, provided they can be clarked on the rearts all which possage us ofen signed these, but not being ralunteers for the screire, they canne! in the whole e Looked upon as very willing soldiers vayer for forel ware,\" nnd we sind be able to state the exact numifer that my he proceeding to China, only on the authority \n\n3. the 181, (reclved a communication from Ule Bariul Bizin und Baron Gros, stating that the reply the Contaistioner had been received that is was most antislactory, and inviting the aavel and milhors and-chief to a saference board the Aulaccuse, to consider what further steps aliulit be taken, in consequence of Keb's determination to resist the very nurse decade of the two Governments, \n\n4. Tur conference was held un the 21st it, when it was determined that the pienipotentiaries should \n\nDe knocking at the dors tie Iluase of Coumene\n\nthese prvi of the \n\nthe inverse of Tabs, it would be overwhelmed with adelage India. basic enough co ungrosa tile whole the ovidence selitted to the committee crabile us, \n\ntime of tho bare. And the tuulia eniture, who A Morril, vus of the four Ameere of Upper Selnic, we setertido a boradigazy faith in the nipotence frihe med of turving acquired the interstance of the of Las in judicial proceedings would besiege these members with; dengnes by the presuction of a legal document. The pretura, which if u come the intimation of die James dim Government appelated a commision of the their argir, it would be perfectly air for them to lost heas 4 Prestige de large judicially. The secept. It was nice aged at a Nahub of Arcot bu Cammons in tris pay of an artisan cum te tor conclusion that the charge was eight members of the Host \n\nTim Court of Directors therungen proposed that 1 Sudan bill be any degree resembling that of Lourd Faimers blogne should be deprived of the laude which he held us, is allowed to be low every bilan in-and der the surged decourt. The Presideur of the Bont of their now is leglus--an every wealthy Balno will have attel, for the Cana being, was of opinion that this contence has paid ur uz merabers in the loss of \n\nto lenient, and at bis sggesden Ali Moore was de This is anger gainer which the people of Bogland rised of the ends thus fraudulently bined, and also of have to murd, now that it to props to vrat illa governs \n\nof the pilots reports from the Sashes. Meanwhile, dan letter to the Eugerial High Couimper, started his crban\" laude, beaving him in pranes munt of falla exclusively on the Minsters of the tr \n\nwe dure suy, preparations are being mude for the restoring his Excelteney that, in consequence of his mom.compliance with the debody submitted for fas on of all his remaining and very valuable eruditary! \n\nWe publish the following despatch from the ception of those men to be taken to fight the battles of \n\nconsideration, the lurther settlement of the question the Goverment in a country distant and different from To win a reversal of this judgment, the Amger Putna to \n\nbeen transferred to the anal and military suites, that where as hrave and faithful soldiers their services Sugated. We pas Uver the minor personages in the dis- Government Gazette of last Saturday from the \n\nof State for Foreign affairs, which we ece fur toere required at would be most valuable, that me should sly address better to his silency stating the above faci, and that it, at the end of a further uded the Coffeys, and the alle lady who travelled \n\ntern of forty-eight hours, the eny saguld be perefully from London to Paris, and from Paris to Vienna, for the \n\nquived preparations are compite, nid the sea sust atenie purpose of sizing the deposed prace by paying \n\ncoussy be subject to temporary dependion before surdered into our hands, life and property would be es with it. Gar Lusiness is with the servant of the \n\nthey are sent away. Whether they are all to vents respected; but that, if the teras were out roepted, the English public, the bon, member for Youghal. \n\ntheir rus ad munition or not, we are not aware; city would be attacked. \n\nAll our efforts to avert the evils of war from the hot after the last false alarm, we think it would be \n\nกษ \n\nterested nu eympathising agency by which he was - Secretat, s:t the attention of persons who have Some days may be expected to elapse before the re- \n\ncommend \n\nbeen married in Macau or who propose being married rkare:- \n\nNo. 20. \n\nGOVERNMENT NOTIFICATION. \n\nAch is established by Mr. Burt's corn statements. Hiviers were engagal for the Amar acu after that raine's rival in England Mr. Brat sits that he could \n\nWith reference to the Validity of Marriages sofem nie heered the passagement of the application furtius in the der's beauf le staves that he al-nize an Chana, otherwise that ja acendance with nys urged upon the Amer, Aut his lends art advisers, the provisions of the Act 12 and 13 Victores, Cap the bringing of his ca bure Parliament, as the m0268, His Excellency SR JOHN BOWRING, Kaight, relies are to pure. Ha actually used for propers, like \n\nproductive of which he theme obviated to promote the L., Her Majesty's Poipotentiary and Chief er's van. He coniterie the Pirator: the Superintendent of Frade in China &c., &c. has Kulit Company, and agon Mr. Turen faith, the Presisereived a Despatch front The Bight Hande bat the Bora of Control, la licit their nou wees on Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, a Copy child of hie ciet. The result of these applicnída was a of which is hereby published for „euerai inforna- jetine on the Board of Directors in answer to the Amcera \n\nBy Order, \n\nG. W. CAINE. Superintendency of Trade, Victoria, Hongkong, 26th April, 1858. Xo. 7 \n\n| \n\njudicious to let it be generally own where and how Chmese having walled, tough the obstinate deteriou the large reinforcement of Pay at the presidency hastian winch as chuterised the proceeding of the een lucnted. Three times the same nombe: of sepoya, Imperial Commissioner from October 21, 1956, oching with all the respectude cam-uds of Barnkport, could remained for the Commanders of the Allied Furces but 15 address the Imperia. Commissiouer, wai to muery into but little, even if they did their worst, but talve \n\ni nens and anuseless panes are any tring fat dignied execution the painful alternative of attacking Centon, Jerorols, would be more effectsly avoided by wich was conquced at daylight this ring. The da:ture of the pucket will prevent my giving say funk revelation of actual wrangements than j \n\ninither reports. I am now on the point of joining the studied reticence which only lends to mystification and forces asembarking at Kuyer's Talked for the zasault on surpicion, -nnd very often reduces the very offre it is \n\nthe city walls, intended a prevent \n\nTur Fagfxman of 23rd Mauch on the same subject, remarks \n\nThe 47th Regt. N. I have nerived, and are vuramped on the glacis of Fort William; they are about 379 strong \n\nof all grace, native officers mari sepoys, and is the Government have ordered Colonel Port, Command FOREIGN OFPics, Alarch 9, 1950. \n\ning, to rerait the Regiment with Malen. Brigadier SIR, eve under my consideration, and have | Corfich with this topiment and the 65th N. I. new en referred to the proper Law Advisers of the Crow, the way down, will leave by the 16th proximo. your Despatches Nos. 452 and 7 of the 26th of \n\nFLOWERS FROM THE INDIAN PAPERS. December and 9d of January last, on the subject of \n\nThe Athene reples mure we to our elrage of the doubts when hel arisen as to the Validity of the \n\nAs we cannot consent to sally our Marriages of British Sabjre's at Chinese Ports; and literary larceny. \n\nges with language ru is seldom beard erido I have to acquaint yaa, in reply, that the Statute i2 \n\nappliers, which on being bitted. se i noceary, for tim. de approvation of the Board of Controt, was materially al. by B1. Fordon sit The reply, as orglundly homed by the Court of Directors, was in vlect, that the Amy's care and on Judicially decided, and that they ans rezson to reverse the decision. The reply, as indi Sed by Me. Vernon Site, was in effent, that if the Amer would zezer his native country, and exert himself in half of the English Government, his real right he Argarable mitezinimesi. These series, fr. But declares, firmad gratully, and simply from his covention of the juice of the Ameer's cline. But in ariston to these parcier Mr. Gutt rent to posed to Failid to argo the Anect's Shell her. For the filter service Mr. Hah desit het theas to receive in all 19,1001, and thut off this She has actually received southing more than 2000. Mr. Butt deolares ther be still holds himself sound to proceed to hulin if the Ameer insists upon it; her in the event of Mr. Bart's aching latelet te lo be will and 13 Victoria, Cap. 68, inponeering Consul topolhouse, our readers must be sausted with our report of fund the money recusat it he is dy preserred solomuze Mariages, does not affect the valulity of, the substance of it. Elis rejoinder is, that our charge of fum pracoding to tudi by the Ameer and his advisers or in any way interfere with, any Marriages which flebing terms the Sproutor is an unmitigated file- arriving at the conclusia thuc his services are not quired would have been valid independently of that Statute, ho,\" and he taunts with being no gentleman. it Here, he will retain the money received. This is, tho \n\nin which category are Mariages celebrated in Chiantik big too on the subject of horsewhips\" and best if our abilty, a tuir and eerut katement of the sub \n\nby Ministers of the Church of England, according horsepouts.\" Bur the strong point agniuss us, ju tja \n\nopis, is our want of gentility. Patial Lects prevad lutorg tår i omories of the House f \n\nto the forms of that Church. \n\nthur contemporary reminds one of the Bath fontman in Pickwick; he can endure anything low.\" When Now, to what do these facts a nuné? Mr. Batt is s Babe of the House of Commons, of a tribunal which and to the Validity of Marriages veiebrated by a \n\nthe public are at a loss for a referee on alkat concerus might intre lawn called aga to procence a verdict as to Clergymen of the Church of England, and not under a gentleman\" they will know wher, to had one. dre justice or injustice due treatment of All Marra by the At 12 and 13 Victoria, Cap. 66, at Macau \n\nLouisana \n\nadi nggala urged 16 Mourial to agipeal lo \n\nM. Mut, Leo, \n\nWith regard to the case fepecially referred to \n\nif \n\nThe deferee, we have already calist characteristic. \n\n6. I beg 10 es, close copies of two General Orders of the 26th instant, and of lemoranda issued by Major- General Van Straubensee, containing the monesancy arzangements for the struck, which I hage will put their lordships in full possession of our intended proceedings. 3. Í have pleasure in reporting that the most perfect umadinty exvts between the Commanders-in-thigï of The allied forces. \n\nI have, .. (Signed) \n\n31. SKY, Bea-Amira and Commanter-in-Chie?. \n\nTo the \n\nSecretary of the Admiralty, \n\nLoudon \n\nGENERAL ORDER. \n\nBefore Canton, December, 1857. The uvala nilitory commander-in-chief of the aisted forces before Cantun love agreed to the following ander of operativas against the city. First bombardme to conxuráce at daylight on Monday morning the 28th of December. \n\nThe sirps and vessels numed in the acte juoder, letter \n\nA) on the signed hereafter indient being made, wilt open fire on the south-west angica of the city wells, with a view to breach them, and impede the communication \n\nThe ships and vessels poused in the net (under letter \n\nThe Gina Cartumqui of India; a transsi which Nie. Baltsgain i Marsa is Chinese Territory, and not a Portuguest | The pickpochyt when arraignai before the Magistrate, of the Chinese troops along thei: parapets to the ent it would appear, actually took some initiatory reps, which precision, such Mauriages 11 be valid as being har generdly hur one answer to wake,-\"it's all a Fed wight have seen servince to the Ameer half as been galebrated in China, Pazar Country. If, however, your wushup.\" We are therefore no more surpriced at hunght be the tribusi of which he was ember. Macao is a possession of Portugal, then it has a the exam's coarse denial than at his blastering), wear the Dutch Folly, with a staritar osject, wit A me wither of the funer of Compune stonde in the core Christian Law of Marriage, as its lex moci,\" and threats, at that the pubic way judge on which ends breach the city walls opposite the Viceroy's residence; Inion to the pimenting even of any individui applying \n\nto met \n\n(Signed) MALMESBURY. \n\nSia Joy Bowring, \n\nBec., N., & \n\nTrue Cops. \n\n11. F. HANCE. \n\nthe mortare in the Dutch Fully, and the Niger and Avalauele, 1.kewise sbetting the city heights auf Gough three insicuess ont of many at our dispoed, in which the Aina has appropiated without actueledgment heights. \n\nThe ships and vessels named in the note (under letter whunt he found in journal. The racier of the ex wination of the Military Female phan Asylum C), beruse the Dutch Folly and the French Folly, will pubished by the Aham was made up entirely from apen fire on the Rooth-east ungles of the new and ell what had appeared the previous day in the Spector, elty walls, mud the walls ferning the east side of the city. These time several nacks will couuence simul without the slightest arkludgment the fuder's) Charge at the opsing the last Sessions repertet for taseously, wira a white csiga shall be hoisted at the fore the Ann, mail a yelaw dug us a corresponding this carnal, was similaris fched the reports of the trinis for funpiracy, the two of most interest, appeared sigral at the spule he listed at the fure of the in the Athena aise the day after they were publised Phugction. \n\nThe Horet end the Avalanche wild repeat these signals A still are at theit fore so long as the Angs shall remain Byug on \n\nthe before mentioned shipa \n\nsit j'fusion, that a judya iter in the run or Manages of British Sabjects anort, in order to be the guilt of \"falschod\" iles, with mension two or \n\nWet wein de said of judge widertunk valid, he adenized there esther in accordance with conse or saticier for a site who had brough, or such lex leci,\" or with the Provisions of the Act \n\nin bring, actions in de curt? The iniquity are mentioned.-1 am, &c., ach step in any incrad a little tem prave by the consider the lye har, or had not received re- mueratina f his seres ful bun pliced biawety in the wharf whition of being with by price that he be mil preciera remuneration for undertaking to as me $5. iend's sent before a tribuent of vehich he to \"use of the anashers. He has aceste promise of 10,0004, for his services, sart of thị sùm he estually trevived more anne ut The urging of the Amcer à aut span the ludia \n\nW take the following short notice of the Khang in the Spectator, almost verbatim, whion & single torrent is one este act, whether the erfarin \n\nflagrant case of Newspaper dishonesty, nceurred in on- ting, the insete the line of it, or has Spring Meeting from the North-Ching Herald whisper whence the apolis were stolen. the juce the tivard Camiral in Cannon-run. it of the 24th olim. The commis mun who so osion with the articultural Exhibition, when the serar di Tu say that make do improper for ft. But to aventry for urging a se before the Howe of ham sold people here at our anal meeting has been the revive the report of the Prizes from the cautioned day and night, net in exceed per each gun carrying off all the good things of Secretary, w the express coulition that he should, is employed 60 rounds during the Best 3 uurs, except f which it is in, but then it would be a right and fortanste \n\n\"We wander who rode our cormity with the usage of the Press on icse oc- the ships under letter C. which will fire 100 rounds. \n\nThey were proper for him to wipe the end beture the Ligure of Chanan, the Northern turt. \n\nCasics, end slips so the Speci \n\nfudiately the bunchardment open the landing of the attic forces will take place at the creek in' Küper an, of the man tinte, kifor a sane her trimmal, provided be ezig recessed reaeration, for the tertives let here the old friend raid. Yellow Jack and Tartar are with e, at the east of Leuils as well as of honesty. The \n\nThe dist heul mom is welcome to the use of vagulang words Pussage, when there the British and French dags will batur. His obvious that by such decision the door to abwe be found in the Hwek Stakes. art by rite oper. Nothing more would be tryniced never have been elsewhere --- \n\nwhich like utty her about he worbi did an enlty be planted in the following order, commencing a day- in eaing, if Palled upon to do so; we will conline onr \n\nlight- to end a remier if Parliament to pochert with perfect; \n\nThe mail, that apology for au many lanes, is urged by \n\nsives har fiets. It is of some consentence that safety a renumeration as Parliamentary agent, u \n\njon which he was onlied in devide as lielige by cerforming war sareporter as a plea for 101 furnishing 18, ki this the public should know that the journal which has won adition acres in his client cost of deces, et clurging issay, with the fall, time and parimer pronunt of the \n\nFor itself the reputation of being acivali in squerility Taxes that came off on Wednesday and Friday in this sproper timotely large for for them. We will not, in \n\ntatau kitowledge, afirm that the committee of \n\nThe stud was graced by the presence of many of car fair residents, and the intervals between the races were enlivened by the music of the of 11. M. S. Higher Adly tout for the occultat: \n\nFIRST DAY. \n\nThe Wung Plate-Spota, 1; Muischite, 2; Dred. 33 \n\nBlack Cockatoo, i. \n\nTHE CHINESE DESPATCHES. THE BOMBARDMENT OF CAYTON. \n\nWAR OFFICE. Fra Mazt, February 15 \n\nThe Secretary of State for War but this day received & despute, of which the following is a copy, addressed is lord chip by Major Geveral C. T, Vas Strubeuzes, C. B., commanding are Majesty's Land Forces in Chan \n\nCenton, December 29, 1857. \n\nMy Lord-I have great satisfactios in reporting that Canton city was ermaisded muud eaptured this day at nine o'clock, with a more trifling losa das enuld have been expected. liceat emulatios was displaye 1 by the whole Allied Force, ten-st whom the greatest cordiality and god feeling into \n\nWe have to deplore the low Royal Suvy, els of Liestemt fiske, of the 59 Regie In stenaut Bowen, ct the me regiment, has tree seriously wounded, \n\nAll \n\nand misrepresentata, is as dishonest in soull thing as The Flea of Comes applied to inquire in Mr. Bersoek; we can therefore only give the places of the brass \n\nSpretter case has come to such a monstrous decisiour; but if it hits and ponies as they came in, which we do on the best. With fius exposure we leave him-Medran \n\nThe intimation arributed to Sir. Jaries Gesinam shut authority, sed promise a graphic report in or next. \n\nThe weather and ground was favorable on the whole, ties of the resolutions was an acquittal of Isan Sasho charge of inproperly enjoying bis prillon bach days, thongh there was a greas outrast; then e is a member of Le 1s of Con alyst day be hot, with a southerly with, and the ther- escuptible of ach an interpretation-it ili ose electors memeter in the shule at 80°, and on Friday, a cold nor- tur be an incir qurd visst the sing why we for strictherly wind was hiewing, and the hormoneter at 63. \n\nPiwili place himself sack $19- It had rained a god deal the night before, hat the wind jście position \n\nAnd dried the course pretty well.\" this tunction The part which Ms. Butt han played cannot be appruched less his negetation with the x-reshient of the art of Corral are taken into account. Mr Vermilch admits that he had repeated emmunications with Mr. Butt-vethal aud epilary-on the subject of the class of Ali Mvered. Of in excep Timock was kept me the lacters are said to have bren private autoosidential. It is possible, Therefore, bu learn with certainty what was the lure of the comuneulea- tions. But this is certain, il subsequently to these inter- Venom Sto altered a dras lurzer 1935 [ektors, Mr. nd the Court of Directors refusing to entertain the Ameer's application, iuro a letter couraging him to return to Sciarie by long at the lope Sut i li mi nital Ala to the Buglial Governinect something arigat he does to him. The only reasna, sseigned for too parišal revered fa inficial teuer, on the strengt of private, sureverteil enamiestis, is that the siteure appenced inrse; but M. Vernon Sanita gave the contest la stand Und Je very reluctant to have sue Ameer's new debaresi à l'aclinent while the Bengal insurrection was it progress, Mr. But having gives it frommilostared theit die hunt informed the ex-Pretent of the Beart of Country of his having tuged the user and his friends to bring the wise 'fore Parlia ne. We r TL entitled to say that Mr. Batt obtained the centerscica in favour of 32 Moured by hinting to the Prescrican of the Buned of Contro, but he had it is power Parliment to fore in a cebam As slin Amour' case; tot in the cherastonces succions will intrude themelsea which at in mot easy to disynd \n\nThe righe Flute-Cock Tail, 1; Peg Tupe, 2; Tiny, 3: \n\nTelegram. 4 \n\nThe ingken Cuga-Sydney, 1; Cheertal, 2 Vaugueril, 8. The dis-Touiz 1 Spot, ; Cock Tail 3, \n\nChelato, 4 72 Pailon, 1; Deuil. 2. \n\nThe finch Marks Rocket, Bay Midleton, 2. \n\nThe Shanghae Pork Cup —Syota, 1; Maiciite, 2; Tapas, \n\n3. \n\nSECOND DAY. \n\nThe fisher Flame-Tiege, walked oven, \n\nThe Swing Cry-Cacetent, 1; Cheerful, 2; Vanguard, \n\n3. \n\nThe China-sup-Blank Coelaten, 1: Topaz. 2; Lakin i \n\nThe T'antica Cap---Coverfil. 1: Shali, 2; Drutd, 8, The Hunt Strikellow Zack, Rocket, 2: Tartar, 3. After the figh vene, in the second day, a match was Parween, Mr. Recens guy Are pobytynen, and Mr. Benadier's black Cafe piny Tube, which was won \n\nGarne. \n\nWe pronoun an epilar in the count of 7%. Batsby mini iko es dreient of the board of Contd. We are will \n\nthat fact of both lisa hart ht \n\nThis will the deutet \n\narists cl \n\navember of the Homme Camus in a \n\nThe following extracts in the Hurkura wnd Englishmas. Calcutta papers, will be read with \n\nun riser as preferring a sai to the lease if interest anal satisfaction by the Colonists of be is lined to \"eir veneration from the air for a Hongkong, if the Pandies are landed here, and po \n\ning the sun elsewhere, if the mean He that doubt with equal satisfaction by General Van \n\nare il gratuitously in the Hour by the name tur \n\nStrasbenzre if such galbut and ready soldiers are placed under his charge. We do not like \n\nengaged is allen wat align and are public civic of the Chatte, whenleigh them drada a dealer fee site's claims in the flow of Corsake y comments, for it by n chase the regiments reach bare without racing their barge conectanapur his eliumiven conrægur dance of com region may be enfly tired by mandors th heers (insult them Pardy met vertaily will House of Come and in the Eccrtine Government, Such a state of stairs is const unsatisfactory even b we shall have some gallant ofboer of ours dawn maky now, star), But supposing that the entire itone Adastraling of India were vested in a single mon ne with the assertion that never was there Minister of the Corn she is to the House of a more loyal or better behaved regiment in Culosis, with wild traptations would the integrity of Our representatives in the legislature le tona feet Atler Majesty's service. We had a sample of it it is, wo have had at one time a Narab Susa, Rajans the other day in the case of the 70th, when a \n\nCaptain Hates, of the \n\nThe hophardment is to be in very low time, aud \n\n1. Suppers and Miners, 59th Regiment, Royal Artillery, stores and mention, \n\nThe French Nawai Brigale, stoves, &c. \n\n3. The Naval Brigade, under the ader of Commodore the 1o. 4. 6. 1, B Esot. \n\n4. The Naval Brigade from Cantun. \n\n5. Lieulcunt.Cola.et lemon's battalica of Royal Marines, & \n\nd. Cutearl Holowry's Brigade of Royal Marines, &c, (Waru last heet of No. £ has passed, No. 2 will com meece, and on with: the remainder \n\nThe duration of the French forces will be eritraded by Capta Reinan:], fg captein; the British troops and Royal Marines by Major the Bon. H. Cidord \n\nThe British Naval Brigade, by Captain W. K. Hall.\n\n... acutalo.\n\nThe following will be the disposition of the united forces after landing:\n\nBritish Naval Brigade on the right.\n\nCentre bridge, composed of Lieutenant-Colonel Lemon's provano instalion, 19th Regiment, Royal Artillery, and Sapiers.\n\nPreucia bridge on the inft\n\nColonel Holloway's brigade in reserve, with Royal Marine Artillery,\n\nAfter getting into position the allied forces will remain still to cancuston, and the mail leaving; I must therefore defer instheer det üle to the next rpportunity. † in line of contianova elutus of brigade audil further...\n\nI bwe, &c.\n\nC. T. VAN STinerszre, M jur General,\n\nCommanding Traps in China,\n\nPort Gongh is now heng oerapied.\n\nThe Right Hon.\n\nthe Secretary of Stue for \n\nWar, C., * \n\nADMIRAL SEYMOUR'S DESPATIUU.\n\nAdmiralty, Fuurorg 15. Despoteker, of which the following me cans, bure en verived by the Lords Commissioners of the! Astrahy Trout Kee-Sentral Sir Michael Seyavour,\n\nOrumates at CANYON \n\nNo. 357.\n\nHer Majesty's ship Coromandri,\n\nnt fan. De ch SirMy letter (No.343) of the 13th ist. courzved \n\nPuins to the fures of the Allied Power, and that u \n\nthe indigence of the raceable regation of ionsh letter had seen vent in t. You, the Lagerial High Cour mission, by the ass-furs of the Allied Powers, stating the deamus of the two Gavernitects, d rating ten days for a consideration of the same, lailing earnered against the city of Citati.\n\nplane with which, conise mesures would be 2. The Brigade of Royal Mears et igal Maries Actriery mere inediately wasis dought up to the i \n\nunders for an advaner, watch will be made to a position \n\nfor vise night, y reparatury to active service us the follow-\n\nnig andag. \n\nM. Skrmore, Rent.Adesiral. \n\nComander-in-Chief of Her Britannic \n\nMajesty's Noynt Purees. \n\nRear-Adesira \n\nC. HowerDA GENOT13.1.T \n\nComewi'kiet af 1Fix Emperial \n\nAlajesty's Naval Forces. \n\nCT VAN STRAL BENZ, Major Lien, Commanding the Alinary Force, \n\nGENERAL MEMORANDUM. Carouane), Canton, Deectner 26, 1857.\n\nThe Nuva! Brigade of seanien will be in three divisions. The divisions will be tald off into companies, each stvising gomorracing No. 1. md the last timber cop. rames is 1st tumi 2e devisions will be composed of boats' \n\ncrewy. \n\n(A) Actre, blgethon, and guulmate, \n\n() Me. Puade, Crnizer, Tornet, and a gunhast. \n\nNumrud, Surprise, 1 agone, Mares, a gunboals. After se p, the three fut-anted ships will after sheir genka 18 will, after one qui, aiter their fire to the north- east with gate. fire to the ty and Gough's Lighrere Alarmcast and \n\nSea Supplemen \n\n} \n\n} \n\n## GOVERNMENT NOTIFICATION.\n\nWith reference to the Validity of Marriages...\n\nHis Excellency SR JOHN BOWRING, Kaight, L., Her Majesty's Poipotentiary and Chief Superintendent of Trade in China &c., &c. has received a Despatch from The Right Honorable Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs...\n\nBy Order,\n\nG. W. CAINE. Superintendency of Trade, Victoria, Hongkong, 26th April, 1858. No. 7\n\n| \n| --- \n| --- \n\njudicious to let it be generally own where and how Chinese having walled, tough the obstinate deteriou the large reinforcement of Pay at the presidency hastian winch as chuterised the proceeding of the een lucnted. Three times the same nombe: of sepoya, Imperial Commissioner from October 21, 1956, oching with all the respectude cam-uds of Barnkport, could remained for the Commanders of the Allied Furces but 15 address the Imperia. Commissiouer, wai to muery into but little, even if they did their worst, but talve \n\ni nens and anuseless panes are any tring fat dignied execution the painful alternative of attacking Centon, Jerorols, would be more effectsly avoided by wich was conquced at daylight this ring. The da:ture of the pucket will prevent my giving say funk revelation of actual wrangements than j \n\ninither reports. I am now on the point of joining the studied reticence which only lends to mystification and forces asembarking at Kuyer's Talked for the zasault on surpicion, -nnd very often reduces the very offre it is \n\nthe city walls, intended a prevent \n\nTur Fagfxman of 23rd Mauch on the same subject, remarks \n\nThe 47th Regt. N. I have nerived, and are vuramped on the glacis of Fort William; they are about 379 strong \n\nof all grace, native officers mari sepoys, and is the Government have ordered Colonel Port, Command FOREIGN OFPics, Alarch 9, 1950. \n\ning, to rerait the Regiment with Malen. Brigadier SIR, eve under my consideration, and have | Corfich with this topiment and the 65th N. I. new en referred to the proper Law Advisers of the Crow, the way down, will leave by the 16th proximo. your Despatches Nos. 452 and 7 of the 26th of \n\nFLOWERS FROM THE INDIAN PAPERS. December and 9d of January last, on the subject of \n\nThe Athene reples mure we to our elrage of the doubts when hel arisen as to the Validity of the \n\nAs we cannot consent to sally our Marriages of British Sabjre's at Chinese Ports; and literary larceny. \n\nges with language ru is seldom beard erido I have to acquaint yaa, in reply, that the Statute i2 \n\nappliers, which on being bitted. se i noceary, for tim. de approvation of the Board of Controt, was materially al. by B1. Fordon sit The reply, as orglundly homed by the Court of Directors, was in vlect, that the Amy's care and on Judicially decided, and that they ans rezson to reverse the decision. The reply, as indi Sed by Me. Vernon Site, was in effent, that if the Amer would zezer his native country, and exert himself in half of the English Government, his real right he Argarable mitezinimesi. These series, fr. But declares, firmad gratully, and simply from his covention of the juice of the Ameer's cline. But in ariston to these parcier Mr. Gutt rent to posed to Failid to argo the Anect's Shell her. For the filter service Mr. Hah desit het theas to receive in all 19,1001, and thut off this She has actually received southing more than 2000. Mr. Butt deolares ther be still holds himself sound to proceed to hulin if the Ameer insists upon it; her in the event of Mr. Bart's aching latelet te lo be will and 13 Victoria, Cap. 68, inponeering Consul topolhouse, our readers must be sausted with our report of fund the money recusat it he is dy preserred solomuze Mariages, does not affect the valulity of, the substance of it. Elis rejoinder is, that our charge of fum pracoding to tudi by the Ameer and his advisers or in any way interfere with, any Marriages which flebing terms the Sproutor is an unmitigated file- arriving at the conclusia thuc his services are not quired would have been valid independently of that Statute, ho,\" and he taunts with being no gentleman. it Here, he will retain the money received. This is, tho \n\nin which category are Mariages celebrated in Chiantik big too on the subject of horsewhips\" and best if our abilty, a tuir and eerut katement of the sub \n\nby Ministers of the Church of England, according horsepouts.\" Bur the strong point agniuss us, ju tja \n\nopis, is our want of gentility. Patial Lects prevad lutorg tår i omories of the House f \n\nto the forms of that Church. \n\nthur contemporary reminds one of the Bath fontman in Pickwick; he can endure anything low.\" When Now, to what do these facts a nuné? Mr. Batt is s Babe of the House of Commons, of a tribunal which and to the Validity of Marriages veiebrated by a \n\nthe public are at a loss for a referee on alkat concerus might intre lawn called aga to procence a verdict as to Clergymen of the Church of England, and not under a gentleman\" they will know wher, to had one. dre justice or injustice due treatment of All Marra by the At 12 and 13 Victoria, Cap. 66, at Macau \n\nLouisana \n\nadi nggala urged 16 Mourial to agipeal lo \n\nM. Mut, Leo, \n\nWith regard to the case fepecially referred to \n\nif \n\nThe deferee, we have already calist characteristic. \n\n6. I beg 10 es, close copies of two General Orders of the 26th instant, and of lemoranda issued by Major- General Van Straubensee, containing the monesancy arzangements for the struck, which I hage will put their lordships in full possession of our intended proceedings. 3. Í have pleasure in reporting that the most perfect umadinty exvts between the Commanders-in-thigï of The allied forces. \n\nI have, .. (Signed) \n\n31. SKY, Bea-Amira and Commanter-in-Chie?. \n\nTo the \n\nSecretary of the Admiralty, \n\nLoudon \n\nGENERAL ORDER. \n\nBefore Canton, December, 1857. The uvala nilitory commander-in-chief of the aisted forces before Cantun love agreed to the following ander of operativas against the city. First bombardme to conxuráce at daylight on Monday morning the 28th of December. \n\nThe sirps and vessels numed in the acte juoder, letter \n\nA) on the signed hereafter indient being made, wilt open fire on the south-west angica of the city wells, with a view to breach them, and impede the communication \n\nThe ships and vessels poused in the net (under letter \n\nThe Gina Cartumqui of India; a transsi which Nie. Baltsgain i Marsa is Chinese Territory, and not a Portuguest | The pickpochyt when arraignai before the Magistrate, of the Chinese troops along thei: parapets to the ent it would appear, actually took some initiatory reps, which precision, such Mauriages 11 be valid as being har generdly hur one answer to wake,-\"it's all a Fed wight have seen servince to the Ameer half as been galebrated in China, Pazar Country. If, however, your wushup.\" We are therefore no more surpriced at hunght be the tribusi of which he was ember. Macao is a possession of Portugal, then it has a the exam's coarse denial than at his blastering), wear the Dutch Folly, with a staritar osject, wit A me wither of the funer of Compune stonde in the core Christian Law of Marriage, as its lex moci,\" and threats, at that the pubic way judge on which ends breach the city walls opposite the Viceroy's residence; Inion to the pimenting even of any individui applying \n\nto met \n\n(Signed) MALMESBURY. \n\nSia Joy Bowring, \n\nBec., N., & \n\nTrue Cops. \n\n11. F. HANCE. \n\nthe mortare in the Dutch Fully, and the Niger and Avalauele, 1.kewise sbetting the city heights auf Gough three insicuess ont of many at our dispoed, in which the Aina has appropiated without actueledgment heights. \n\nThe ships and vessels named in the note (under letter whunt he found in journal. The racier of the ex wination of the Military Female phan Asylum C), beruse the Dutch Folly and the French Folly, will pubished by the Aham was made up entirely from apen fire on the Rooth-east ungles of the new and ell what had appeared the previous day in the Spector, elty walls, mud the walls ferning the east side of the city. These time several nacks will couuence simul without the slightest arkludgment the fuder's) Charge at the opsing the last Sessions repertet for taseously, wira a white csiga shall be hoisted at the fore the Ann, mail a yelaw dug us a corresponding this carnal, was similaris fched the reports of the trinis for funpiracy, the two of most interest, appeared sigral at the spule he listed at the fure of the in the Athena aise the day after they were publised Phugction. \n\nThe Horet end the Avalanche wild repeat these signals A still are at theit fore so long as the Angs shall remain Byug on \n\nthe before mentioned shipa \n\nsit j'fusion, that a judya iter in the run or Manages of British Sabjects anort, in order to be the guilt of \"falschod\" iles, with mension two or \n\nWet wein de said of judge widertunk valid, he adenized there esther in accordance with conse or saticier for a site who had brough, or such lex leci,\" or with the Provisions of the Act \n\nin bring, actions in de curt? The iniquity are mentioned.-1 am, &c., ach step in any incrad a little tem prave by the consider the lye har, or had not received re- mueratina f his seres ful bun pliced biawety in the wharf whition of being with by price that he be mil preciera remuneration for undertaking to as me $5. iend's sent before a tribuent of vehich he to \"use of the anashers. He has aceste promise of 10,0004, for his services, sart of thị sùm he estually trevived more anne ut The urging of the Amcer à aut span the ludia \n\nW take the following short notice of the Khang in the Spectator, almost verbatim, whion & single torrent is one este act, whether the erfarin \n\nflagrant case of Newspaper dishonesty, nceurred in on- ting, the insete the line of it, or has Spring Meeting from the North-Ching Herald whisper whence the apolis were stolen. the juce the tivard Camiral in Cannon-run. it of the 24th olim. The commis mun who so osion with the articultural Exhibition, when the serar di Tu say that make do improper for ft. But to aventry for urging a se before the Howe of ham sold people here at our anal meeting has been the revive the report of the Prizes from the cautioned day and night, net in exceed per each gun carrying off all the good things of Secretary, w the express coulition that he should, is employed 60 rounds during the Best 3 uurs, except f which it is in, but then it would be a right and fortanste \n\n\"We wander who rode our cormity with the usage of the Press on icse oc- the ships under letter C. which will fire 100 rounds. \n\nThey were proper for him to wipe the end beture the Ligure of Chanan, the Northern turt. \n\nCasics, end slips so the Speci \n\nfudiately the bunchardment open the landing of the attic forces will take place at the creek in' Küper an, of the man tinte, kifor a sane her trimmal, provided be ezig recessed reaeration, for the tertives let here the old friend raid. Yellow Jack and Tartar are with e, at the east of Leuils as well as of honesty. The \n\nThe dist heul mom is welcome to the use of vagulang words Pussage, when there the British and French dags will batur. His obvious that by such decision the door to abwe be found in the Hwek Stakes. art by rite oper. Nothing more would be tryniced never have been elsewhere --- \n\nwhich like utty her about he worbi did an enlty be planted in the following order, commencing a day- in eaing, if Palled upon to do so; we will conline onr \n\nlight- to end a remier if Parliament to pochert with perfect; \n\nThe mail, that apology for au many lanes, is urged by \n\nsives har fiets. It is of some consentence that safety a renumeration as Parliamentary agent, u \n\njon which he was onlied in devide as lielige by cerforming war sareporter as a plea for 101 furnishing 18, ki this the public should know that the journal which has won adition acres in his client cost of deces, et clurging issay, with the fall, time and parimer pronunt of the \n\nFor itself the reputation of being acivali in squerility Taxes that came off on Wednesday and Friday in this sproper timotely large for for them. We will not, in \n\ntatau kitowledge, afirm that the committee of \n\nThe stud was graced by the presence of many of car fair residents, and the intervals between the races were enlivened by the music of the of 11. M. S. Higher Adly tout for the occultat: \n\nFIRST DAY. \n\nThe Wung Plate-Spota, 1; Muischite, 2; Dred. 33 \n\nBlack Cockatoo, i. \n\nTHE CHINESE DESPATCHES. THE BOMBARDMENT OF CAYTON. \n\nWAR OFFICE. Fra Mazt, February 15 \n\nThe Secretary of State for War but this day received & despute, of which the following is a copy, addressed is lord chip by Major Geveral C. T, Vas Strubeuzes, C. B., commanding are Majesty's Land Forces in Chan \n\nCenton, December 29, 1857. \n\nMy Lord-I have great satisfactios in reporting that Canton city was ermaisded muud eaptured this day at nine o'clock, with a more trifling losa das enuld have been expected. liceat emulatios was displaye 1 by the whole Allied Force, ten-st whom the greatest cordiality and god feeling into \n\nWe have to deplore the low Royal Suvy, els of Liestemt fiske, of the 59 Regie In stenaut Bowen, ct the me regiment, has tree seriously wounded, \n\nAll \n\nand misrepresentata, is as dishonest in soull thing as The Flea of Comes applied to inquire in Mr. Bersoek; we can therefore only give the places of the brass \n\nSpretter case has come to such a monstrous decisiour; but if it hits and ponies as they came in, which we do on the best. With fius exposure we leave him-Medran \n\nThe intimation arributed to Sir. Jaries Gesinam shut authority, sed promise a graphic report in or next. \n\nThe weather and ground was favorable on the whole, ties of the resolutions was an acquittal of Isan Sasho charge of inproperly enjoying bis prillon bach days, thongh there was a greas outrast; then e is a member of Le 1s of Con alyst day be hot, with a southerly with, and the ther- escuptible of ach an interpretation-it ili ose electors memeter in the shule at 80°, and on Friday, a cold nor- tur be an incir qurd visst the sing why we for strictherly wind was hiewing, and the hormoneter at 63. \n\nPiwili place himself sack $19- It had rained a god deal the night before, hat the wind jście position \n\nAnd dried the course pretty well.\" this tunction The part which Ms. Butt han played cannot be appruched less his negetation with the x-reshient of the art of Corral are taken into account. Mr Vermilch admits that he had repeated emmunications with Mr. Butt-vethal aud epilary-on the subject of the class of Ali Mvered. Of in excep Timock was kept me the lacters are said to have bren private autoosidential. It is possible, Therefore, bu learn with certainty what was the lure of the comuneulea- tions. But this is certain, il subsequently to these inter- Venom Sto altered a dras lurzer 1935 [ektors, Mr. nd the Court of Directors refusing to entertain the Ameer's application, iuro a letter couraging him to return to Sciarie by long at the lope Sut i li mi nital Ala to the Buglial Governinect something arigat he does to him. The only reasna, sseigned for too parišal revered fa inficial teuer, on the strengt of private, sureverteil enamiestis, is that the siteure appenced inrse; but M. Vernon Sanita gave the contest la stand Und Je very reluctant to have sue Ameer's new debaresi à l'aclinent while the Bengal insurrection was it progress, Mr. But having gives it frommilostared theit die hunt informed the ex-Pretent of the Beart of Country of his having tuged the user and his friends to bring the wise 'fore Parlia ne. We r TL entitled to say that Mr. Batt obtained the centerscica in favour of 32 Moured by hinting to the Prescrican of the Buned of Contro, but he had it is power Parliment to fore in a cebam As slin Amour' case; tot in the cherastonces succions will intrude themelsea which at in mot easy to disynd \n\nThe righe Flute-Cock Tail, 1; Peg Tupe, 2; Tiny, 3: \n\nTelegram. 4 \n\nThe ingken Cuga-Sydney, 1; Cheertal, 2 Vaugueril, 8. The dis-Touiz 1 Spot, ; Cock Tail 3, \n\nChelato, 4 72 Pailon, 1; Deuil. 2. \n\nThe finch Marks Rocket, Bay Midleton, 2. \n\nThe Shanghae Pork Cup —Syota, 1; Maiciite, 2; Tapas, \n\n3. \n\nSECOND DAY. \n\nThe fisher Flame-Tiege, walked oven, \n\nThe Swing Cry-Cacetent, 1; Cheerful, 2; Vanguard, \n\n3. \n\nThe China-sup-Blank Coelaten, 1: Topaz. 2; Lakin i \n\nThe T'antica Cap---Coverfil. 1: Shali, 2; Drutd, 8, The Hunt Strikellow Zack, Rocket, 2: Tartar, 3. After the figh vene, in the second day, a match was Parween, Mr. Recens guy Are pobytynen, and Mr. Benadier's black Cafe piny Tube, which was won \n\nGarne. \n\nWe pronoun an epilar in the count of 7%. Batsby mini iko es dreient of the board of Contd. We are will \n\nthat fact of both lisa hart ht \n\nThis will the deutet \n\narists cl \n\navember of the Homme Camus in a \n\nThe following extracts in the Hurkura wnd Englishmas. Calcutta papers, will be read with \n\nun riser as preferring a sai to the lease if interest anal satisfaction by the Colonists of be is lined to \"eir veneration from the air for a Hongkong, if the Pandies are landed here, and po \n\ning the sun elsewhere, if the mean He that doubt with equal satisfaction by General Van \n\nare il gratuitously in the Hour by the name tur \n\nStrasbenzre if such galbut and ready soldiers are placed under his charge. We do not like \n\nengaged is allen wat align and are public civic of the Chatte, whenleigh them drada a dealer fee site's claims in the flow of Corsake y comments, for it by n chase the regiments reach bare without racing their barge conectanapur his eliumiven conrægur dance of com region may be enfly tired by mandors th heers (insult them Pardy met vertaily will House of Come and in the Eccrtine Government, Such a state of stairs is const unsatisfactory even b we shall have some gallant ofboer of ours dawn maky now, star), But supposing that the entire itone Adastraling of India were vested in a single mon ne with the assertion that never was there Minister of the Corn she is to the House of a more loyal or better behaved regiment in Culosis, with wild traptations would the integrity of Our representatives in the legislature le tona feet Atler Majesty's service. We had a sample of it it is, wo have had at one time a Narab Susa, Rajans the other day in the case of the 70th, when a \n\nCaptain Hates, of the \n\nThe hophardment is to be in very low time, aud \n\n1. Suppers and Miners, 59th Regiment, Royal Artillery, stores and mention, \n\nThe French Nawai Brigale, stoves, &c. \n\n3. The Naval Brigade, under the ader of Commodore the 1o. 4. 6. 1, B Esot. \n\n4. The Naval Brigade from Cantun. \n\n5. Lieulcunt.Cola.et lemon's battalica of Royal Marines, & \n\nd. Cutearl Holowry's Brigade of Royal Marines, &c, (Waru last heet of No. £ has passed, No. 2 will com meece, and on with: the remainder \n\nThe duration of the French forces will be eritraded by Capta Reinan:], fg captein; the British troops and Royal Marines by Major the Bon. H. Clidord \n\nThe British Naval Brigade, by Captain W. K. Hall.\n\n... acutalo.\n\nThe following will be the disposition of the united forces after landing:\n\n| Unit | Position |\n| --- | --- |\n| British Naval Brigade | Right |\n| Centre bridge | Composed of Lieutenant-Colonel Lemon's battalion, 19th Regiment, Royal Artillery, and Sapiers |\n| Preucia bridge | Left |\n| Colonel Holloway's brigade | Reserve, with Royal Marine Artillery |\n\nAfter getting into position the allied forces will remain...\n\nC. T. VAN STRAUBENZEE, Major General,\n\nCommanding Traps in China,\n\nPort Gongh is now being occupied.\n\nThe Right Hon.\n\nthe Secretary of State for \n\nWar, C., * \n\nADMIRAL SEYMOUR'S DESPATIUU.\n\nAdmiralty, Fuurorg 15. Despoteker, of which the following me cans, bure en verived by the Lords Commissioners of the! Astrahy Trout Kee-Sentral Sir Michael Seyavour,\n\nOrumates at CANYON \n\nNo. 357.\n\nHer Majesty's ship Coromandri,\n\nnt fan. De ch SirMy letter (No.343) of the 13th ist. courzved \n\nPuins to the fures of the Allied Power, and that u \n\nthe indigence of the raceable regation of ionsh letter had seen vent in t. You, the Lagerial High Cour mission, by the ass-furs of the Allied Powers, stating the deamus of the two Gavernitects, d rating ten days for a consideration of the same, lailing earnered against the city of Citati.\n\nplane with which, conise mesures would be 2. The Brigade of Royal Mears et igal Maries Actriery mere inediately wasis dought up to the i \n\nunders for an advaner, watch will be made to a position \n\nfor vise night, y reparatury to active service us the follow-\n\nnig andag. \n\nM. Skrmore, Rent.Adesiral. \n\nComander-in-Chief of Her Britannic \n\nMajesty's Noynt Purees. \n\nRear-Adesira \n\nC. HowerDA GENOT13.1.T \n\nComewi'kiet af 1Fix Emperial \n\nAlajesty's Naval Forces. \n\nCT VAN STRAL BENZ, Major Lien, Commanding the Alinary Force, \n\nGENERAL MEMORANDUM. Carouane), Canton, Deectner 26, 1857.\n\nThe Nuva! Brigade of seanien will be in three divisions. The divisions will be tald off into companies, each stvising gomorracing No. 1. md the last timber cop. rames is 1st tumi 2e devisions will be composed of boats' \n\ncrewy. \n\n(A) Actre, blgethon, and guulmate, \n\n() Me. Puade, Crnizer, Tornet, and a gunhast. \n\nNumrud, Surprise, 1 agone, Mares, a gunboals. After se p, the three fut-anted ships will after sheir genka 18 will, after one qui, aiter their fire to the north- east with gate. fire to the ty and Gough's Lighrere Alarmcast and \n\nSea Supplemen \n\n} \n\n}",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-068 - Sir Bowring - 1858 [5-12].txt",
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    {
        "id": 272759,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-128 - Public Offices & Others - 1867",
        "page_number": 317,
        "title": "CO129-128 - Public Offices & Others - 1867",
        "content_text": "creating calls \n\nthat, freeing assistance \n\nConclusion \n\ncutting \n\nstore-rents almost occur \n\npapers \n\nin the funds \n\nStored in your \n\nklein, \n\nliability about be held not \n\nParticularly adverse, precaution \n\nshall be used in calling their \n\ndealing Conference, a for \n\nLandes At Discussions \n\nConference would \n\n315 \n\narise in going further \n\n<- the Secretary Minute \n\nof the 10th Jan? East \n\nInserting timestamp # Telegrapher \n\n- munitions in supply An extension win the \n\nChinese heart \n\nChina of the \n\nSustain \n\nMinute for Freezing \n\nOffered \n\nL \n\nCable & Allied Minister at Pekin informing",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-128 - Public Offices & Others - 1867.txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 423804,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-363 - Public Offices & Others - 1909",
        "page_number": 408,
        "title": "CO129-363 - Public Offices & Others - 1909",
        "content_text": "# THE TIMES, SATURDAY, MARCH 13, 1909.\n\n## WESTERN TEACHING FOR CHINA.\n\nThe China Emergency Appeal Committee are about to make an appeal for assistance in medical training and other educational work in China. The fund for this purpose will be opened at a meeting to be held at the Mansion House on Tuesday, March 18, at 8 p.m., under the presidency of the Lord Mayor. The meeting will be addressed by Sir Robert Hart, the Bishop of London, the American Ambassador, Lord Strathcona, Dr. Gibson, and the President of the Wesleyan Conference.\n\nSir Robert Hart is the president of the committee, of which the vice-presidents are the Bishop of London, the Vice-Chancellors of Oxford, Cambridge, Edinburgh, and Glasgow Universities, the Lord Mayor of London, the Lord Chief Justice, Lord Armitstead, Lord Kinnaird, Lord Reay, and Lord Strathcona.\n\nThe offices of the China Emergency Committee are at 28, Victoria-street, Westminster, where all particulars can be had.\n\nRepresentative boards will be established in China in each locality where they do not already exist to secure the proper administration of funds devoted to union or inter-denominational work. Contributions, if desired, can be specifically given for one or more of the three objects included in the appeal.\n\nContributions may be sent to the treasurers, the Right Hon. the Lord Mayor, Mansion House, É.C., or to Mr. Robt. Lathain Barclay, 54, Lombard-street E.C., in addition to the bankers of the China Emergency Appeal Fund, Messrs. Barclay and Co., 54. Lombard-street, and the Hong-kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation, 31, Lombard-street, \"E.C.\n\nThe change which has taken place in China, says the memorial prepared by the committee, has been rapid. The educational system has been transformed, and schools and colleges of various grades have been established. To refashion her institutions and educate her children China is seeking help from the West. Happily she knows the West through missions as well as through the opium trade.\n\nOut of the co-operation of some missionary societies and the earnest interest of others, there has arisen a new enterprise, the scheme of which the committee sets forth.\n\nThe first and most urgent need of China, according to the committee, is for medical colleges where natives may be prepared to practice among the people. It is proposed, therefore, to develop a medical college recently established at Peking and to bring up its equipment to the highest modern standard, and to reorganize in the same way three other institutions in West, Central, and Southern China. In support of this scheme the committee propose to appeal provisionally for £40,000.\n\nFor educational purposes the committee hope that efficient help will be provided by the equipment of a central University. This important object, however, is not included in the present appeal, because a special committee has been formed to deal with it. Primary and secondary schools are, however, now being established in all parts of the Empire, and these need Chinese teachers trained in the new learning. To provide such teachers it is proposed to form normal training colleges at various mission stations. A scheme has also been drafted, and has received the cordial approval of all English societies represented at the Shanghai Conference, by which missionary societies would be invited to establish theological colleges for pastors by the side of each central training institution for teachers.\n\nThe management of the central institutions would be vested in the hands of a local board representing the societies concerned. These societies would provide the salaries of the staff, the cost of the general upkeep of the colleges being met by the fees of the students.\n\nThere is, moreover, a growing demand for literature in China. To supply it there are already at work at least ten literature and tract societies, to assist which the committee appeal for £20,000.\n\nFinally, the memorial points out that the aim of the committee is not primarily evangelistic, but educational, and their appeal is, therefore, not to the supporters of any particular missionary society, but to the nation as a whole. It is proposed that this National Fund shall be administered in England by a board, including the honorary treasurers and an advisory committee, one-half the members of which shall be representatives of the missionary societies and the other half representatives of the emergency committee.\n\n## TO THE EDITOR OF THE TIMES.\n\nSir,-A meeting is announced to be held at the Mansion House on the 16th inst., with a view to providing Western teachers--especially medical teachers--for China. It so happens that an earnest effort is being made just now to found a University (at the very portals of China) in the British colony of Hong-kong, and I venture to suggest that the object in view could not be better furthered than by supporting that project. The coincidence appears, indeed, so opportune that I may perhaps be permitted to outline the position.\n\nAn aspiration expressed by the Governor, Sir Frederick Lugard, in the course of a public address, induced a resident in the colony, Mr. Mody, to offer to present the necessary buildings to start a University if the Government would provide a site and if the sum necessary for an endowment can be raised.\n\nIt is estimated that the buildings will cost some $200,000 (say approximately £29,000); the Colonial Government will provide a fitting site; there remains the endowment, which is estimated at £110,000. When Mr. Mody's munificent offer reached Sir Frederick Lugard he called a meeting of representative residents to discuss it, and I have before me a memorandum in which he states their conclusions and elaborates his conception of the objects to be kept in view.\n\nIt was the unanimous opinion of the meeting that the two faculties of primary importance to the Chinese, the establishment of which should take precedence of any others, were those of medicine and applied science (engineering).\n\nIt is proposed accordingly to amalgamate and extend the \"Hong-kong Medical College,\" which was founded in 1887 for the education chiefly of Chinese in medicine and surgery, and which has already turned out 36 qualified licentiates, besides 24 who are still undergoing training. The diploma does not at present represent a medical degree, though men possessing it have practised in the colony and elsewhere with excellent results; but powers would be taken and arrangements made under the new scheme to institute examinations and confer degrees on students who attain a standard equal to that required in England.\n\nAs regards engineering, there exists also the nucleus of a faculty in a so-called \"Technical Institute\"--which combines lectures on various subjects, but especially engineering and its allied studies. The lecturers' fees, apparatus, and lecture room are provided by the Government, supplemented by certain Chinese contributions and students' fees.\n\nNeither is the moral side of \"education\" (in the fullest sense of the word) overlooked, for foremost among the objects which the University should keep before it is placed the training of character.\n\nI would hope [writes his Excellency] that the graduates of Hong-kong would establish for themselves a reputation as patriotic and loyal citizens whether of this colony or of China; that during their sojourn here they shall learn to appreciate British ideals of justice and fair play; in short, that, while remaining in every respect Chinese, the University shall turn out men of upright character and not merely pour new wine into old bottles and evolve machines capable of passing examinations, but incapable of moral control.\n\nIt would seem that here are precisely the objects at which the China Emergency Committee aims.\n\nPage 17  \nPage 9  \nPage 7  \n06 MAR 09",
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    {
        "id": 429097,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-372 - Public Offices - 1910",
        "page_number": 438,
        "title": "CO129-372 - Public Offices - 1910",
        "content_text": "C 23214\n\nRece Reg 28 JUL 10\n\nUNITED STATES PROPOSAL FOR AN OPIUM CONFERENCE AT THE HAGUE.\n\nMinutes of Proceedings of an Inter-Departmental Committee held at the Foreign Office on July 12 to consider the Reply to be made by His Majesty's Government.\n\nSir J. D. La Touche, K.C.S.I.\n\nPresent:\n\nSir T. Holderness, K.C.S.I. representing the India Office.\n\nMr. H. B. Cox, C.B.\n\nMr. A. E. Collins representing the Colonial Office.\n\nMr. H. Fountain, representing the Board of Trade.\n\nSir F. Campbell, K.C.M.G., C.B. representing the Foreign Office.\n\nM. Alston\n\nSir F. Campbell in the Chair.\n\nTHE Committee have considered the proposals of the United States Government for an International Opium Conference at The Hague, and the Government of India's criticism upon them conveyed in their letter of the 26th May, 1910. The Committee are of opinion that these criticisms are well founded. They agree with the Government of India that a Conference, for the purpose of conventionalising the recommendations of the Shanghai Commission, will, if it keeps within its proper limits, find little practical scope for its activities, and that a proposal to convene one at once for this purpose is premature. They agree that the enlarged programme suggested by the United States Government goes beyond, and is inconsistent with, the recommendations of the Shanghai Commission, and that it suggests the discussion of subjects to which strong exception must be taken. The Committee would therefore prefer that His Majesty's Government should decline, on these grounds, to take part in the proposed Conference. But they recognise that a point-blank refusal would, for \"political reasons, be difficult. They accordingly suggest the conditions and reservations which in their opinion might be made by His Majesty's Government in agreeing to participate in a Conference.\n\n2. They suggest that the reply to the United States Government might be to the effect that, subject to certain conditions and reservations, His Majesty's Government will be prepared to take part in a Conference for the purpose of conventionalising the Resolutions of the Shanghai Commission, although in view of the contents of these Resolutions there is some doubt whether there is much scope for international action, and whether the ground for fruitful discussion has as yet been cleared by the completion in each country of the detailed enquiries and measures of reform which the Commission recommended. In particular His Majesty's Government desire to be assured that if they participate in a Conference, the other participating Powers are willing that the Conference should thoroughly and completely deal with the question of restricting the manufacture, sale, and distribution of morphia, which forms the subject of the fifth Resolution of the Shanghai Commission; and also with the allied question of cocaine. In India, in China, and in other Eastern countries the importation of morphia and cocaine from occidental countries, and the spread of morphia and cocaine habit, is becoming an evil more serious and more deadly than opium smoking, and this evil is certain to increase as the restrictions which are now placed in India and in China on the production and use of opium become more stringent. Indian and Chinese experience shows that the morphia and the cocaine evil cannot be efficiently controlled except at the source—in the stages of\n\n[658]\n\n435",
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    {
        "id": 429237,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-372 - Public Offices - 1910",
        "page_number": 578,
        "title": "CO129-372 - Public Offices - 1910",
        "content_text": "574 Conference, although in view of the contents of these Resolutions there is some doubt whether there is much scope for international action, and whether the ground for fruitful discussion has as yet been cleared by the completion in each country of the detailed enquiries and measures of reform which the Commission recommended. In particular His Majesty's Government desire to be assured that if they participate in a Conference, the other participating Powers are willing that the Conference should thoroughly and completely deal with the question of restricting the manufacture, sale and distribution of morphia, which forms the subject of the fifth Resolution of the Shanghai Commission; also with the allied question of cocaine. And in India, in China, and in other Eastern countries the importation of morphia and cocaine from occidental countries, and the spread of morphia and the cocaine habit,\n\n18",
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    {
        "id": 429370,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910",
        "page_number": 107,
        "title": "CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910",
        "content_text": "[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.] (\n\n[B]\n\nOPIUM,\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\n[33412]\n\nNo. 1.\n\n29814\n\n106\n\nREC [September 17, 1908 SEP 10)\n\nSECTION 1.\n\n!\n\nYour Excellency,\n\nSir Edward Grey to Mr. Whitelaw Reid.\n\nForeign Office, September 17, 1910.\n\nI HAVE the honour to inform your Excellency that I am now in a position to reply to the invitation of the United States Government contained in your note of the 23rd September last as to the representation of this country in the International Opium Conference which it is proposed should be held at The Hague for the purpose of conventionalising the resolutions of the Shanghai Commission.\n\nHis Majesty's Government desire equally with the Government of the United States that effect should be given to the resolutions of the Shanghai Commission, and I have the honour to inform your Excellency that they will be ready, if satisfactory assurances can be given to them on certain points, to take part at the proper time in a conference for the furtherance of this object, although, in view of the contents of the resolutions, it is doubtful whether there is much scope for international action, and whether the ground for fruitful discussion has as yet been cleared by the completion in each country of the detailed enquiries and measures of reform which the commission recommended.\n\nIn particular, His Majesty's Government desire to be assured that if they participate in a conference, the other participating Powers are willing that the conference should thoroughly and completely deal with the question of restricting the manufacture, sale, and distribution of morphia, which forms the subject of the fifth resolution of the Shanghai Commission, and also with the allied question of cocaine.\n\nIn India, in China, and in other Eastern countries the importation of morphia and cocaine from occidental countries, and the spread of morphia and the cocaine habit, is becoming an evil more serious and more deadly than opium smoking, and this evil is certain to increase as the restrictions which are now placed in India and in China on the production and use of opium become more stringent.\n\nIndian and Chinese experience shows that the morphia and the cocaine evil cannot be efficiently controlled except at the source in the stages of manufacture and of distribution in the manufacturing countries.\n\nIf recommendation 5 of the Shanghai Commission is to be treated effectively in this sense in the proposed international conference, it will be necessary that the participating Powers should have definitely considered beforehand the question whether they are prepared to impose severe restrictions on the manufacture of and trade in morphia and cocaine in their respective countries.\n\nHis Majesty's Government suggest that the United States Government should ascertain from the several Powers whether, if a conference is held, they are prepared to discuss in it the morphia and cocaine question from this point of view, and should invite them to undertake, with a view to such discussion, the indispensable preliminary enquiries into trade conditions and to collect statistics of manufacture and export.\n\nHis Majesty's Government on their part are now setting on foot the necessary enquiries in this country.\n\nIt may be desirable to ascertain from the several Powers, should they agree to undertake similar investigations in their respective countries, what length of time will be required for the purpose, as information on this point will indicate approximately the date when the conference may be usefully held.\n\nUntil satisfactory assurances in this respect are obtained from the Powers and the preliminary enquiries have been completed, His Majesty's Government consider that the convening of a conference would be premature.\n\nAs regards the subjects for discussion other than morphia and cocaine, in the event of a conference being convened, His Majesty's Government consider that they should be those indicated in the recommendations of the Shanghai Commission, and they must take exception to the items numbered (h), (l), (m), and (n) of the tentative programme proposed in the circular letter of the United States Government.\n\nThese they are not prepared to...\n\n[2890 -1]\n\nJ",
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    },
    {
        "id": 429396,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910",
        "page_number": 133,
        "title": "CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910",
        "content_text": "[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]\n\nCO 30224 [September 17.]\n\n132\n\n[B]\n\n**CONFIDENTIAL.**\n\n[33412]\n\nNo. 1.\n\nSECTION 10\n\nYour Excellency,\n\nSir Edward Grey to Mr. Whitelaw Reid.\n\nForeign Office, September 17, 1910.\n\nI HAVE the honour to inform your Excellency that I am now in a position to reply to the invitation of the United States Government contained in your note of the 23rd September last as to the representation of this country in the International Opium Conference which it is proposed should be held at The Hague for the purpose of conventionalising the resolutions of the Shanghai Commission.\n\nHis Majesty's Government desire equally with the Government of the United States that effect should be given to the resolutions of the Shanghai Commission, and I have the honour to inform your Excellency that they will be ready, if satisfactory assurances can be given to them on certain points, to take part at the proper time in a conference for the furtherance of this object, although, in view of the contents of the resolutions, it is doubtful whether there is much scope for international action, and whether the ground for fruitful discussion has as yet been cleared by the completion in each country of the detailed enquiries and measures of reform which the commission recommended.\n\nIn particular, His Majesty's Government desire to be assured that if they participate in a conference, the other participating Powers are willing that the conference should thoroughly and completely deal with the question of restricting the manufacture, sale, and distribution of morphia, which forms the subject of the fifth resolution of the Shanghai Commission, and also with the allied question of cocaine.\n\nIn India, in China, and in other Eastern countries the importation of morphia and cocaine from occidental countries, and the spread of morphia and the cocaine habit, is becoming an evil more serious and more deadly than opium smoking, and this evil is certain to increase as the restrictions which are now placed in India and in China on the production and use of opium become more stringent.\n\nIndian and Chinese experience shows that the morphia and the cocaine evil cannot be efficiently controlled except at the source—in the stages of manufacture and of distribution in the manufacturing countries.\n\nIf recommendation 5 of the Shanghai Commission is to be treated effectively in this sense in the proposed international conference, it will be necessary that the participating Powers should have definitely considered beforehand the question whether they are prepared to impose severe restrictions on the manufacture of and trade in morphia and cocaine in their respective countries.\n\nHis Majesty's Government suggest that the United States Government should ascertain from the several Powers whether, if a conference is held, they are prepared to discuss in it the morphia and cocaine question from this point of view, and should invite them to undertake, with a view to such discussion, the indispensable preliminary enquiries into trade conditions and to collect statistics of manufacture and export.\n\nHis Majesty's Government on their part are now setting on foot the necessary enquiries in this country.\n\nIt may be desirable to ascertain from the several Powers, should they agree to undertake similar investigations in their respective countries, what length of time will be required for the purpose, as information on this point will indicate approximately the date when the conference may be usefully held.\n\nUntil satisfactory assurances in this respect are obtained from the Powers and the preliminary enquiries have been completed, His Majesty's Government consider that the convening of a conference would be premature.\n\nAs regards the subjects for discussion other than morphia and cocaine, in the event of a conference being convened, His Majesty's Government consider that they should be those indicated in the recommendations of the Shanghai Commission, and they must take exception to the items numbered (h), (l), (m), and (n) of the tentative programme proposed in the circular letter of the United States Government. These they are not prepared to...\n\n[2890 1]\n\n7",
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    },
    {
        "id": 429593,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910",
        "page_number": 330,
        "title": "CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910",
        "content_text": "(This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.)\n\nC O\n\n[B]\n\nOPIUM.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\n[38869]\n\nNo. 1.\n\n34472\n\nRECR\n\nREGE 10 NOV 10 [November 3.]\n\nSECTION 2.\n\nSir,\n\nSir Edward Grey to Mr. Whitelaw Reid.\n\nForeign Office, November 3, 1910.\n\nIN the note which you were so good as to address to me on the 4th ultimo with regard to the proposed International Opium Conference to be held at The Hague, your Excellency stated that the Netherlands Government would immediately be informed of His Majesty's Government's proposal that before the meeting of the conference there shall have first been made the necessary preliminary studies as to the trade conditions and manufacture of morphine and cocaine in the interested countries, and their readiness to impose severe restrictions on such manufacture and trade.\n\nIn the note which I had the honour to address to your Excellency on the 17th September, I stated that His Majesty's Government would have pleasure in taking part in an international conference for the purpose of conventionalising the resolutions of the Shanghai Commission, if satisfactory assurances could be given to them on certain points, and that in particular His Majesty's Government desired to be assured that the other participating Powers were willing that the conference should thoroughly and completely deal with the question of restricting the manufacture, sale, and distribution of morphia, and with the allied question of cocaine.\n\nI have the honour therefore to enquire of your Excellency whether steps have been taken to obtain the assurances desired from the other Powers, as His Majesty's Government felt compelled, after careful consideration, to make their consent to take part in the conference conditional upon these assurances being first obtained from the Governments of the Powers concerned.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n[2980 c-2]\n\nE. GREY.\n\n329\n\nPage 330\nPage 331",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910.txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 429718,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910",
        "page_number": 455,
        "title": "CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910",
        "content_text": "[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]\n\n[B]\n\n# OPIUM\n\n## CONFIDENTIAL\n\n[41776]\n\nC O\n\n36748\n\n[November 16.]\n\nPage 1\n\nDEC 10\n\n## SECTION 1.\n\nNo. 1.\n\nSir,\n\nMr. Whitelaw Reid to Sir Edward Grey.--(Received November 16.)\n\nAmerican Embassy, London, November 15, 1909.\n\nI did not fail to communicate to my Government the substance of your note dated the 3rd instant, in which you enquire whether steps have been taken to obtain the assurance that the other participating Powers in the proposed International Opium Conference were willing that the conference should also deal with the question of restricting the manufacture, sale, and distribution of morphia, and with the allied question of cocaine, and in reply I have the honour to inform you that I am now in receipt of a telegram from the Secretary of State advising me that the Netherlands Government has notified the Government of the United States that it will issue a supplementary note to the interested Powers embodying the British proposals in regard to morphine and cocaine as contained in your note of the 17th September last.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nWHITELAW REID.\n\n[2980 9-1]\n\n454\n\nPage 1\n\nDEC 10",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910.txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 429723,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910",
        "page_number": 460,
        "title": "CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910",
        "content_text": "[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]\n\nOPIUM.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\nCO37665\n\nRco\n\n[December 1.]\n\nSECTION 1,\n\n[42866]\n\nSir,\n\nRrat 9 DEC 10\n\nNo. 1.\n\nSir Edward Grey to M. van der Goes.\n\nForeign Office, December 1, 1910.\n\nWITH reference to your note of the 5th ultimo asking whether the 30th May, 1911, would suit His Majesty's Government as the date for the opening of the Opium Conference at The Hague, I have the honour to inform you that an enquiry was addressed to the United States Embassy some weeks ago as to whether steps had been taken to obtain satisfactory assurances from the other participating Powers that the conference should be empowered to deal thoroughly and completely with the question of restricting the manufacture, sale, and distribution of morphia, and with the allied question of cocaine; the receipt of such assurances being, in the opinion of His Majesty's Government, a necessary condition of their participation in the conference.\n\nA reply has now been received to the effect that the Netherlands Government have notified the United States Government that they will issue a supplementary note to the interested Powers embodying the British proposals.\n\nUntil the replies to this communication have been received from the Powers it would appear to His Majesty's Government to be premature to agree to any fixed date for the opening of the conference.\n\n[1804 a-1]\n\nI am, &c.\n\nE. GREY.\n\n459",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910.txt",
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        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 429793,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910",
        "page_number": 530,
        "title": "CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910",
        "content_text": "[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]\n\nOPIUM.\n\nC O 39115\n\n[December 12] 10\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\n[42855]\n\nNo. 1.\n\nSECTION 2.\n\nSir Edward Grey to M. Cambon.\n\nYour Excellency,\n\nForeign Office, December 12, 1910.\n\nIN the memorandum communicated to this department by your Excellency on the 24th ultimo you enquired whether His Majesty's Government had received the assurances for which they had asked in the note addressed to the United States Ambassador on the 17th September, the receipt of which were in their opinion a necessary condition of their participation in the Opium Conference, and whether they had agreed to the date proposed by the Netherlands Government for the opening.\n\nI have the honour to inform your Excellency that a reply has now been received from Mr. Whitelaw Reid, to the effect that the Netherlands Government have notified the United States Government that they will issue a supplementary note to the interested Powers embodying the British proposals respecting the question of restricting the manufacture, sale, and distribution of morphia and the allied question of cocaine.\n\nUntil the replies to this communication have been received from the Powers, it would appear to His Majesty's Government to be premature to agree to any fixed date for the opening of the conference.\n\nI have, &c.\n\nE. GREY.\n\nPage 529\n\n[1804 m-2\n\n-2]",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-373 - Public Offices - 1910.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 432198,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-378 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1911 [6-7]",
        "page_number": 406,
        "title": "CO129-378 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1911 [6-7]",
        "content_text": "## 1911 \n### HONG KONG \n28598 \n**C O** \n29593 \n**RECE** \n8:31 36 11 \n400 \n**d. Conf.** \n**Date:** \n25 July \n**Last previous Paper:** \n178+27 \n8. Kept 28628 \n**Open Traffic** \n\nEnoks replies of Japan, U.S.A., France and The Netherlands to letter addressed to them on result of Shanghai Conference urging prohibition of export of opium and allied drugs to Hong Kong. No reply received from Siam.\n\n| Ref | Wt. | Date | Initial |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| R3 | 28,032--50 | 11/10 | A.&E.W. |\n\n**Next subsequent Paper:** \n928628",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-378 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1911 [6-7].txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 434380,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-382 - Public Offices - 1911",
        "page_number": 381,
        "title": "CO129-382 - Public Offices - 1911",
        "content_text": "# [This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]\n\n**CONFIDENTIAL.**\n\n[3034]\n\nNo. 1.\n\n379 5713\n\nJanuary 31, 1911.\n\n## SECTION\n\nSir,\n\n**Sir Edward Grey to Baron Gericke.**\n\nForeign Office, January 31, 1911.\n\nI HAVE the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your note of the 16th instant, enquiring whether His Majesty's Government still make their consent to take part in the proposed opium conference at The Hague, which, I observe, has been postponed until the 1st July next, conditional upon an assurance from the Governments of the Powers concerned that they are prepared to adopt severe measures with a view to prohibiting the trade in and manufacture of morphia and cocaine in their respective countries.\n\n2. I should be glad if you would be so good as to bring to the notice of your Government the following facts, which will, I trust, elucidate the requirements and wishes of His Majesty's Government in regard to this matter.\n\n3. In reply to the invitation of the United States Government, that His Majesty's Government should be represented at an international conference which it was proposed to hold at The Hague for the purpose of conventionalising the resolutions of the Shanghai Commission, I informed the American Ambassador on the 17th September last that His Majesty's Government would be ready, if satisfactory assurances could be given to them on certain points, to take part at the proper time in a conference for the furtherance of this object. I said that in particular they desired to be assured that, in the event of this country participating, the other interested Powers would agree to the conference dealing thoroughly and completely with the question of restricting the manufacture, sale, and distribution of morphia, which forms the subject of the fifth resolution of the Shanghai Commission, and also with the allied question of cocaine.\n\n4. This resolution runs as follows:-- \n\n\"That the International Opium Commission finds that the unrestricted manufacture, sale, and distribution of morphine already constitute a grave danger, and that the morphine habit shows signs of spreading; the International Opium Commission therefore desires to urge strongly on all Governments that it is highly important that drastic measures should be taken by each Government in its own territories and possessions to control the manufacture, sale, and distribution of this drug, and also of such other derivatives of opium as may appear on scientific enquiry to be liable to similar abuse and productive of like ill-effects.\"\n\n5. Indian and Chinese experience, however, shows that the morphia and cocaine evil cannot be efficiently controlled except at the source, viz., in the stages of manufacture and of distribution in the manufacturing countries; and I therefore pointed out to Mr. Whitelaw Reid that if the above resolution was to be treated effectively in this sense at the conference, it would be necessary that the participating Powers should have definitely considered beforehand the question whether they were prepared to impose severe restrictions on the manufacture of and trade in morphia and cocaine in their respective countries. I accordingly suggested that the United States Government should ascertain from the several Powers whether, if a conference were held, they would be prepared to discuss in it the morphia and cocaine question from this point of view, and I further suggested that these Powers should be invited to undertake, with a view to such discussion, the indispensable preliminary enquiries into trade conditions, and to collect statistics of manufacture and export.\n\n6. As the Netherlands Government are aware, His Majesty's Government have already set on foot the necessary enquiries in this country, though, for reasons which are known to the United States Government, I fear that several months may still elapse before accurate statistics as to the export from and manufacture of these drugs in the United Kingdom can be obtained.\n\n7. I also observed to Mr. Whitelaw Reid, in the above-mentioned communication, that it might be desirable to ascertain from the Powers, should they agree to undertake \n\n[1857 hh-1]",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-382 - Public Offices - 1911.txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 434720,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-383 - Public Offices - 1911",
        "page_number": 134,
        "title": "CO129-383 - Public Offices - 1911",
        "content_text": "## UNITED STATES PROPOSAL FOR AN OPIUM CONFERENCE AT THE HAGUE\n\n### Minutes of Proceedings of an Inter-Departmental Committee held at the Foreign Office on July 12 to consider the Reply to be made by His Majesty's Government.\n\n**Present:**\n\n* Sir J. D. La Touche, K.C.S.I.\n* Sir T. Holderness, K.C.S.I. representing the India Office.\n* Mr. H. B. Cox, C.B. representing the Colonial Office.\n* Mr. A. Collins\n* Mr. H. Fountain, representing the Board of Trade.\n* Sir E. Campbell, K.C.M.G., C.B. representing the Foreign Office.\n* M. Alston\n* Sir F. Campbell in the Chair.\n\nTHE Committee have considered the proposals of the United States Government for an International Opium Conference at The Hague, and the Government of India's criticism upon them conveyed in their letter of the 26th May, 1910. The Committee are of opinion that these criticisms are well founded. They agree with the Government of India that a Conference, for the purpose of conventionalising the recommendations of the Shanghai Commission, will, if it keeps within its proper limits, find little practical scope for its activities, and that a proposal to convene one at once for this purpose is premature. They agree that the enlarged programme suggested by the United States Government goes beyond, and is inconsistent with, the recommendations of the Shanghai Commission, and that it suggests the discussion of subjects to which strong exception must be taken. The Committee would therefore prefer that His Majesty's Government should decline, on these grounds, to take part in the proposed Conference. But they recognise that a point-blank refusal would, for political reasons, be difficult. They accordingly suggest the conditions and reservations which in their opinion might be made by His Majesty's Government in agreeing to participate in a Conference.\n\n2. They suggest that the reply to the United States Government might be to the effect that, subject to certain conditions and reservations, His Majesty's Government will be prepared to take part in a Conference for the purpose of conventionalising the Resolutions of the Shanghai Commission, although in view of the contents of these Resolutions there is some doubt whether there is much scope for international action, and whether the ground for fruitful discussion has as yet been cleared by the completion in each country of the detailed enquiries and measures of reform which the Commission recommended. In particular, His Majesty's Government desire to be assured that if they participate in a Conference, the other participating Powers are willing that the Conference should thoroughly and completely deal with the question of restricting the manufacture, sale, and distribution of morphia, which forms the subject of the fifth Resolution of the Shanghai Commission; and also with the allied question of cocaine. In India, in China, and in other Eastern countries, the importation of morphia and cocaine from occidental countries, and the spread of morphia and cocaine habit, is becoming an evil more serious and more deadly than opium smoking, and this evil is certain to increase as the restrictions which are now placed in India and in China on the production and use of opium become more stringent. Indian and Chinese experience shows that the morphia and cocaine evil cannot be efficiently controlled except at the source—in the stages of... \n\n[658]",
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    },
    {
        "id": 434948,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-383 - Public Offices - 1911",
        "page_number": 362,
        "title": "CO129-383 - Public Offices - 1911",
        "content_text": "This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's government.\n\n[B]\n\n**OPIUM**\n\n**CONFIDENTIAL**\n\n[16412]\n\n`CO 16339`\n\n[May 4]\n\n**MAY**\n\n## SECTION 2\n\n### No. 1\n\nSir Edward Grey to Mr. Whitelaw Reid.\n\nYour Excellency,\n\nForeign Office, May 4, 1911. WITH reference to your note of the 18th ultimo, in which your Excellency was good enough to give me the names of the United States delegates to the proposed Opium Conference at The Hague, I have the honour to transmit herewith, for your information, copies of a note which I have received from the Netherlands Minister, and of my reply thereto, on the subject of the date of the assembling of the conference.\n\nYour Excellency will observe that the German and Japanese Governments are not yet in a position to accept the conditions on which His Majesty's Government consent to take part in the proposed conference, and that the Portuguese Government have not yet concluded their investigations into the production and sale of morphia and cocaine, and therefore reserve their opinion as to the possible date for summoning it.\n\nI am further informed by the French Government that they concur in the questions which His Majesty's Government have suggested should be brought before the conference, and that although they accept, as far as they are concerned, the date of the 1st July for the meeting of the conference, they will be unable to furnish by that date the statistics necessary to enable the conference to deal thoroughly and completely with the question of restricting the manufacture, sale, and distribution of morphia, and with the allied question of cocaine, as desired by His Majesty's Government. The French Government are, moreover, unable to indicate approximately when they will be able to produce these statistics.\n\nI feel sure that, in bringing the above facts to the notice of your Government, the Secretary of State will readily understand the view of His Majesty's Government that until Germany, Japan, and Portugal, who are among the most important of the participating Powers, are agreed as to the necessity for placing effective restrictions on the sale and exportation of morphia and cocaine, and are able to furnish the necessary data, the conference could not accomplish what is desired and expected of it. On the other hand, as soon as these countries are in a position to comply with the conditions referred to, His Majesty's Government will be only too happy to take part in the conference.\n\nI am glad to avail myself of this opportunity of asking your Excellency to be so good as to acquaint your Government with the fact that the Government of India are prepared, in accordance with the views expressed in the fourth resolution of the Shanghai International Commission, to prohibit the export of opium to prohibitionist countries, and to take all reasonable supplementary measures to make this prohibition effective, independently, if desired, of the meeting of the proposed conference.\n\nI have, &c.\n\n* Baron Gericke, April 22; to ditto, May 4, 1911.\n\n[2011 d-2]\n\n**E. GREY**\n\n358",
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    },
    {
        "id": 435453,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-384 - Public Offices - 1911",
        "page_number": 233,
        "title": "CO129-384 - Public Offices - 1911",
        "content_text": "# CHINA RAILWAYS\n**CONFIDENTIAL**\n\n[23359]\n\nNo. 1.\n\n230\n\n24603\n\n(June 15)\n\n## SECTION\n\nLord ffrench to Foreign Office.-(Received June 15.)\n\n26, Victoria Street, Westminster, London,\n\nDear Alston,\n\nWITH reference to the memorandum regarding our railway contracts in China, June 14, 1911, you will remember that we mentioned that we were having a conference with the Americans on the subject.\n\nThis took place on Monday at the offices of Messrs. Morgan, Grenfell, and Co. There were also present representatives of all the allied New York banks, headed by Messrs. Pierpont Morgan and Co.\n\nAfter hearing my views and Straight's, the net result is this, that the delegates warmly welcomed the line and the procedure suggested in my memorandum, and as the American group are in the closest relations with their State Department they felt it necessary, before carrying out the suggested procedure, to go at once to Washington, whence they will cable to us.\n\nThey left for the States this morning.\n\nThis will bring the matter well over the coronation, which I know will suit you. In the memorandum I gave you there are attached, as you know, the letters which passed between myself and the Russian Ministers. I have now had a further letter from M. Kokovstoff, the Minister of Finance, in reply to mine of the 1st June, which, while repeating what he said in his previous letter of the 30th April (13th May), puts it a little more clearly, and leaves it beyond a doubt that it is Japan, and Japan only, that may stand in the way.\n\nIn fact, we are definitely referred to Japan by the Russian Government, and therefore the only way we can see is the suggested conference.\n\nYours sincerely,\n\nP.S.-I enclose a copy of M. Kokovstoff's letter.\n\nFFRENCH.\n\nFF.\n\n## Enclosure in No. 1\n\nM. Kokovstoff to Lord ffrench.\n\nMy Lord,\n\nSaint-Pétersbourg, le 28 mai (10 juin), 1911.\n\nJ'AI l'honneur de vous accuser réception de votre lettre du 1 juin et de vous informer que, en ce qui concerne la teneur de cette lettre, je ne puis que confirmer ce que je vous ai exposé dans ma lettre du 30 avril écoulé.\n\nLa ligne Harbin-Taonanfu serait une voie d'accès au Chemin de Fer de l'Est chinois, et j'envisage la construction de cette ligne aussi favorablement que la construction éventuelle de lignes d'accès au nord du Chemin de Fer de l'Est chinois, mais je ne partage pas l'opinion que vous voulez bien exprimer que le projet de la ligne Harbin-Taonanfu ne pourrait être réalisé qu'à condition de prolonger cette ligne jusqu'à Pékin.\n\nQuant à la section Taonanfu-Pékin, quoiqu'elle n'offre aucun avantage à nos chemins de fer en Mandchourie, nous pouvons, comme j'ai eu déjà l'avantage de vous le dire, n'ayant pas de motifs pour une opposition à tout prix, envisager cette ligne comme ne menaçant pas nos intérêts, à condition, toutefois, qu'elle soit tracée à une distance suffisante du Chemin de Fer de l'Est chinois.\n\nD'autre part, il est à noter que la ligne projetée concernerait dans une plus grande mesure les intérêts du Japon, et que, en conséquence, il y aurait lieu pour les initiateurs du projet de se rendre compte avant tout du point de vue du Gouvernement japonais.\n\nAgréez, &c.\n\nKOKOVSTOFF.\n\n[2076 p-1]",
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        "id": 435981,
        "series_id": 27,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-385 - Public Offices - 1911",
        "page_number": 191,
        "title": "CO129-385 - Public Offices - 1911",
        "content_text": "Thus it was observed that the interest of the United States in the opium problem is material as well as humanitarian, and that, as the result of the investigation made before the meeting of the International Opium Commission, the Congress enacted legislation which aimed to prevent the importation of opium into the United States except for medical purposes. But it was noted that the United States is not an opium producing country and that in order to make its present and proposed laws fully effective and so stamp out the national opium and allied evils, there should be control of opium and other habit-forming drugs shipped to this country; and therefore that, to attain this end, it would be necessary to secure international cooperation and the sympathy of opium producing countries. Continuing, the proposal stated that this Government, impressed by the gravity of the opium and allied problems and the desirability of divesting them of local and unwise agitation, as well as by the necessity of maintaining the entire question upon the basis of fact, as determined by the Shanghai Commission, suggested the following tentative programme:\n\n1. The advisability of uniform national laws and regulations to control the production, manufacture, and distribution of opium, its derivatives and preparations;\n\n2. The advisability of restricting the number of ports through which opium may be shipped by opium-producing countries;\n\n3. The means to be taken to prevent at the port of departure the shipment of opium, its derivatives and preparations, to countries that prohibit or wish to prohibit or control their entry;\n\n4. The advisability of reciprocal notification of the amount of opium, its derivatives and preparations, shipped from one country to another;\n\n5. Regulation by the Universal Postal Union of the transmission of opium, derivatives and preparations, through the mails;\n\n6. The restriction or control of the cultivation of the poppy so that the production of opium will not be undertaken by countries which at present do not produce it, to compensate for the reduction being made in British India and China;\n\n7. The application of the pharmacy laws of the Governments concerned to their subjects in the consular districts, concessions, and settlements in China;\n\n8. The propriety of restudying treaty obligations and international agreements under which the opium traffic is at present conducted;\n\n9. The advisability of uniform provisions of penal laws concerning offenses against any agreements that the Powers may make in regard to opium production and traffic;\n\n10. The advisability of uniform marks of identification of packages containing opium in international transit;\n\n11. The advisability of permits to be granted to exporters of opium, its derivatives and preparations;\n\n12. The advisability of reciprocal right of search of vessels suspected of carrying contraband opium;\n\n13. The advisability of measures to prevent the unlawful use of a flag by vessels engaged in the opium traffic;\n\n14. The advisability of an international commission to be entrusted with the carrying out of any international agreement concluded.\n\nIt was made plain, however, that the United States had no desire to prescribe the scope of the Conference or to present a programme which might not be varied nor enlarged; but that the tentative programme was submitted in the belief that it might serve as a basis at least for preliminary discussion, and a formal expression of opinion was invited on the topics outlined, and an enumeration requested of the other aspects of the opium problem which might seem of peculiar importance to any participating nation.\n\nThis circular proposal was made to those Governments which were represented in the International Opium Commission and to the Turkish Government, which, although invited to participate in the International Opium Commission, failed to do so because it had no diplomatic representative in the Far East.\n\nThe proposal for an International Opium Conference has been accepted by all the Governments to which it was made, except those of Austria-Hungary and the Ottoman Empire.\n\nThe Government of the Netherlands very courteously suggested that the Conference meet at the Hague. This has proved to be agreeable to all of the Powers, and the question of the date of the Conference having been left to the Netherlands Government, that Government has finally found that December first next is acceptable, and invitations naming that date have been accordingly issued to the assenting Governments.\n\nWith regard to the tentative programme laid down in this Government's circular proposal, the following reservations, additional proposals and suggestions have been made by certain of the participating Powers:\n\nThe French Government making no objection to items (8), (9), (b), (c), (d), (e), and (4) has remarked as to items (a), (g), (j), (l), and (f) of the tentative programme, that item (a) demands the adoption of uniform national laws and regulations to control the production, manufacture and distribution of opium, its derivatives and preparations, and expresses the view that they do not believe that it is desirable that this question should be brought up. In regard to this item it has been explained to the French and British Governments that a mistake was made by this Government in using the words \"uniform national laws\"; that they should have been \"effective national laws\";\n\nthat item (g) proposes the application of the pharmacy laws of the Governments concerned to their subjects in the consular districts, concessions and settlements in China, and expresses the view that at present it would seem to be impossible to accomplish this purpose, as it would tend to place in the hands of the Chinese or nationals of countries not signatories to a convention, the\n\nPage 189",
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    {
        "id": 436123,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-385 - Public Offices - 1911",
        "page_number": 333,
        "title": "CO129-385 - Public Offices - 1911",
        "content_text": "331\n\n2\n\nbefore the meeting of the International Opium Commission, the Congress enacted legislation which aimed to prevent the importation of opium into the United States, except for medicinal purposes. But it was noted that the United States is not an opium producing country, and that in order to make its present and proposed laws fully effective, and so stamp out the national opium and allied evils, there should be control of opium and other habit-forming drugs shipped to this country; and therefore that, to attain this end, it would be necessary to secure international co-operation and the sympathy of opium-producing countries.\n\nContinuing, the proposal stated that this Government, impressed by the gravity of the opium and allied problems and the desirability of divesting them of local and unwise agitation, as well as by the necessity of maintaining the entire question upon the basis of fact, as determined by the Shanghai Commission, suggested the following tentative programme :-\n\n(a.) The advisability of uniform national laws and regulations to control the production, manufacture, and distribution of opium, its derivatives and preparations.\n\n(b.) The advisability of restricting the number of ports through which opium may be shipped by opium-producing countries.\n\n(c.) The means to be taken to prevent at the port of departure the shipment of opium, its derivatives and preparations, to countries that prohibit or wish to prohibit or control their entry.\n\n(d) The advisability of reciprocal notification of the amount of opium, its derivatives and preparations, shipped from one country to another,\n\n(e) Regulation by the Universal Postal Union of the transmission of opium, its derivatives and preparations, through the mails.\n\n(f) The restriction or control of the cultivation of the poppy, so that the production of opium will not be undertaken by countries which at present do not produce it, to compensate for the reduction being made in British India and China.\n\n(g.) The application of the pharmacy laws of the Governments concerned to their subjects in the consular districts, concessions, and settlements in China.\n\n(h.) The propriety of restudying treaty obligations and international agreements under which the opium traffic is at present conducted.\n\n(i.) The advisability of uniform provisions of penal laws concerning offences against any agreements that the Powers may make in regard to opium production and traffic.\n\n(j.) The advisability of uniform marks of identification of packages containing opium in international transit.\n\n(k.) The advisability of permits to be granted to exports of opium, its derivatives and preparations.\n\n(l) The advisability of reciprocal right of search of vessels suspected of carrying contraband opium.\n\n(m.) The advisability of measures to prevent the unlawful use of a flag by vessels engaged in the opium traffic.\n\n(n.) The advisability of an international commission to be entrusted with the carrying out of international agreement concluded.\n\nany\n\nIt was made plain, however, that the United States had no desire to prescribe the scope of the conference or to present a programme which might not be varied nor enlarged; but that the tentative programme was submitted in the belief that it might serve as a basis at least for preliminary discussion, and a formal expression of opinion was invited on the topics outlined, and an enumeration requested of the other aspects of the opium problem which might seem of peculiar importance to any participating nation.\n\nThis circular proposal was made to those Governments which were represented in the International Opium Commission and to the Turkish Government, which, although invited to participate in the International Opium Commission, failed to do so, because it had no diplomatic representative in the Far East.\n\nThe proposal for an international opium conference has been accepted by all the Governments to which it was made, except those of Austria-Hungary and the Ottoman Empire.\n\nThe Government of the Netherlands very courteously suggested that the conference meet at The Hague. This had proved to be agreeable to all of the Powers, and the\n\n* Subsequently corrected to read: \"effective national laws and regulations.\"\n\n3\n\nquestion of the date of the conference having been left to the Netherlands Government, that Government has finally found that the 1st December next is acceptable, and invitations naming that date have been accordingly issued to the assenting Governments.\n\nWith regard to the tentative programme laid down in this Government's circular proposal, the following reservations, additional proposals, and suggestions have been made by certain of the participating Powers -\n\nThe French Government, making no objection to items (b), (e), (d), (e), (f), (g), and (k), has remarked, as to items (a), (g), (i), (l), (m), and (n) of the tentative programme, that item (a) demands the adoption of uniform national laws and regulations to control the production, manufacture, and distribution of opium, its derivatives and preparations, and expresses the view that they do not believe that it is desirable that this question should be brought up. In regard to this item, it has been explained to the French and British Governments that a mistake was made by this Government in using the words \"uniform national laws\"; that they should have been \"effective national laws\"; that item (g) proposes the application of the pharmacy laws of the Governments concerned to their subjects in the consular districts, concessions, and settlements in China, and expresses the view that at present it would seem to be impossible to accomplish this purpose, as it would tend to place in the hands of the Chinese or nationals of countries not signatories to a convention the exercise of the profession of pharmacy in the concessions; that item (i), as to the establishment of uniform provisions of penal laws concerning offences against any agreement that the Powers may make in regard to opium production, would mean a modification of French penal laws, and that this is such a grave question that the Government of the Republic is not prepared to bring it up in the French Parliament. As to items (l) and (m), which raise the question of the right of search, and about which public opinion in France has always shown itself particularly susceptible, the French Government would not renounce its principles in this matter to prevent contraband opium. The French Government also reserves its opinion in regard to item (n), which involves the question of an international commission to supervise any international agreement concluded by Within the limits thus indicated the French Government has declared\n\nthe conference.\n\nits readiness to study proper measures to bring about the gradual suppression of the unnecessary production and misuse of opium.\n\nThe German Government, agreeing to the general principles of the tentative programme in particular, consented that the morphine and cocaine questions be made the subject matter of deliberations of the conference.\n\nThe British Government, after pointing out that the illicit traffic in morphine and cocaine in India, China, and other Far Eastern countries is become more grievous and deadly than opium smoking, and that such an evil is certain to increase as the restrictions which are now being placed in India and China on the production and use of opium become more stringent, suggested that the Powers participating in the conference should definitely consider beforehand the question whether they would be prepared to make a statistical study of the manufacture and trade in morphine and cocaine and agree to impose severe restrictions on such manufacture of and trade in the drugs in their respective territories. Further, the British Government has stated that they take exception to those items of the tentative programme numbered (h), (l), (m), and (n), and that they will not be prepared to discuss in the conference----\n\n1. The arrangement made between His Majesty's Government and China respecting the progressive restriction of opium imports and of opium production in China, i.e., the so-called ten-year agreement.\n\n2. Other existing treaties between the two countries.\n\nIt may be stated that all of the participating Governments have accepted the proposals of the British Government in regard to morphine and cocaine.\n\nThe Chinese Government has suggested in regard to item (a) of the tentative programme that, in drawing up laws and regulations, there should be no interference with the sovereign rights of any nation; that in regard to item (i), that offences against any agreement that the Powers might make should be punished by each country according to its own penal laws; that in regard to item (l), that the right of search of vessels should be restricted by the Governments concerned to vessels found within their own territorial waters; and in regard to item (n), that there would be no need of an",
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    {
        "id": 436125,
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        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-385 - Public Offices - 1911",
        "page_number": 335,
        "title": "CO129-385 - Public Offices - 1911",
        "content_text": "(This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.)\n\nOPIUM.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\nC 40533\n\nREC?\n\nR$18 FC ||\n\n[46309]\n\nNo. 1.\n\n333\n\n[November 20.]\n\nSECTION 2.\n\nM. le Baron,\n\nM. van der Goes to Sir Edward Grey.-(Received November 20.)\n\nLégation des Pays-Bas, Londres, le 18 novembre, 1911. POUR faire suite à mon office en date du 15 de ce mois, j'ai l'honneur de transmettre ci-joint à votre Excellence cinq exemplaires du mémorandum mentionné dans ma lettre précitée, à l'usage des délégués britanniques à la Conférence sur le Trafic de l'Opium.\n\nVeuillez, &c.\n\nVAN DER GOES,\n\nEnclosure in No. 1.\n\nMemorandum for the Netherlands Minister, being an Excerpt from general Instructions issued to American Delegates to the International Opium Conference.\n\nTHE need of an international conference was suggested by the American delegation to the International Opium Commission at one of the final sittings of that body which met at Shanghai in February 1909; and although no formal action was taken, the Department of State, having considered the unanimous conclusions arrived at by the commission as a whole, and the report of the American delegates thereto, deemed it advisable to issue a proposal to the interested Governments that a conference should meet at The Hague, or elsewhere, composed of one or more delegates of each of the participating Powers, and that such delegates should have full powers to give to the main salutary propositions of the commission and the essential corollaries derived therefrom the force of law and international agreement. Therefore, on the 1st September, 1909, this Government issued a circular proposal to the Governments concerned, in which it was stated that the United States had learned with satisfaction of the results achieved by the International Opium Commission; that in the opinion of the leaders of the anti-opium movement much had been accomplished; and that both the Government and people of the United States recognised that this was largely due to the generous spirit in which the representatives of the Governments concerned approached the subjects submitted to them.\n\nIt was pointed out that the Government of the United States appreciated the magnitude of the opium problem and the serious economic interests involved in the production of and trade in the drug, and that a deep impression had been made by the friendly co-operation of the Powers financially interested, and by the desire, as expressed by the resolutions of the commission, that the opium evil should be eradicated not only from Far Eastern countries, but also from the home territories and possessions in other parts of the world of the Powers therein represented. It was stated that, as the result of the investigation of the opium problem in the United States, it had become apparent, quite apart from the question as it affected the Philippine Islands, that a serious opium evil obtained in the United States itself; that this was primarily due to the large Chinese population in the country, to the intimate commercial intercourse with the Orient, and to the unrestricted importation of opium and manufacture of morphia.\n\nThus it was observed that the interest of the United States in the opium problem was material as well as humanitarian, and that, as the result of the investigation made before the meeting of the International Opium Commission, the Congress enacted legislation which aimed to prevent the importation of opium into the United States except for medical purposes. But it was noted that the United States is not an opium-producing country, and that in order to make its present and proposed laws fully effective, and so stamp out the national opium and allied evils, there should be control of opium and other habit-forming drugs shipped to this country; and, therefore, that to attain to this end, it would be necessary to secure international co-operation and the sympathy of opium-producing countries.\n\nContinuing, the proposal stated that this Government, impressed by the gravity of the opium and allied problems, and the desirability of divesting them of local and\n\n[2272 U- -2]\n\nPage 333\n\nPage 334",
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    {
        "id": 439995,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-394 - Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1912 [12]",
        "page_number": 487,
        "title": "CO129-394 - Governor Sir May & Public Offices - 1912 [12]",
        "content_text": "(c) To heroine, its salts, and preparations containing more than 1 per cent. of heroine;\n\n(d) To codeine, its salts, and preparations containing more than 4 per cent. of codeine;\n\n(e) To any new preparation or derivative of morphine, cocaine, or their respective salts, or to any other alkaloid of opium which may appear, on scientific enquiry, to be liable to similar abuse and productive of like ill-effects.\n\n(Adopted unanimously.)\n\n[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]\n\nDC\n\nOPIUM.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL.\n\n2018 476 REG 20 JAN 12\n\n[December 22.]\n\nSECTION 1.\n\n0\n\n[51276]\n\nNo. 1.\n\nSir,\n\nIndia Office to Foreign Office.—(Received December 22.)\n\nIndia Office, December 21, 1911.\n\nIN continuation of previous correspondence on the subject of The Hague Opium Conference, I am directed by the Secretary of State for India in Council to transmit, for the information of Sir Edward Grey and for communication to the British delegation, a copy of a letter, with enclosures, from the Government of India.*\n\nThe object of the letter is, as is stated by the Government of India, to set out the action which has been taken in India on the recommendations of the Shanghai Commission, and, secondly, to urge the imperative necessity for dealing with an evil—the misuse of cocaine and similar drugs—which threatens to become a far greater danger to India than opium has ever been. The Government of India fear that these drugs may replace, with far more disastrous results, the \"opium habit,\" if the latter is suppressed in the Far East.\n\nIn paragraph 31, the Government of India suggest a scheme of international regulation and control of the manufacture, sale, and distribution of morphine and other derivations of opium, and in paragraph 45, a similar scheme in respect of cocaine and allied drugs.\n\nI am to say that the Secretary of State in Council is of opinion that the letter should be of great assistance to the British delegates in the discussions of the conference, and should enable them to urge forcibly the necessity of effective international rules to regulate the manufacture, sale, distribution, and export of morphia and cocaine.\n\nAs at present advised, the Secretary of State in Council does not think that the letter itself should be laid before the conference.\n\nI am, &c.\n\nR. RITCHIE,\n\n* Sent by India Office privately to Sir W. Meyer at the Opium Conference.\n\n[2297 y-1",
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    {
        "id": 440906,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-396 - Public Offices - 1912",
        "page_number": 242,
        "title": "CO129-396 - Public Offices - 1912",
        "content_text": "# THE OPIUM EVIL.\n\nI am not able at the present moment, however, to ask the advice and consent of the Senate to the ratification of the convention, for it is provided by the final articles of the convention that ratification is to depend upon the Netherlands Government securing by the 31st of December next the supplementary signatures of 34 States named in article 22 of the convention, and that in case the signatures of all the powers invited to sign the convention shall not have been secured by December 31, 1912, the Netherlands Government shall immediately invite all the powers who have signed by that date to designate delegates to proceed to The Hague to examine into the possibility of nevertheless depositing their ratifications. It is my hope and belief that the Netherlands Government will secure the necessary signatures to the convention by the date fixed, and that I can then ask the advice and consent of the Senate to the ratification of the convention.\n\nTherefore, at the present time the International Opium Convention and its **protocole de clôture** are submitted to the Congress merely for its information as to the great step in advance which has been taken by 12 States in cooperation with the United States to bring the opium evil to an end.\n\n## THE WHITE HOUSE, May 31, 1912.\n\nThe PRESIDENT:  \n**WM. H. TAFT.**\n\n## DEPARTMENT OF STATE,  \nWashington, May 28, 1912.\n\nI have the honor to transmit herewith a report of the American Delegation to the International Opium Conference held at The Hague beginning December 1, 1909, and adjourning January 23, 1912, the American delegates being the Right Rev. Charles H. Brent, Protestant Episcopal Bishop of the Philippine Islands, Mr. Hamilton Wright, of Maine, and Mr. Henry J. Finger, of California.\n\nThis report briefly reviews the work of the International Opium Commission which, due to the efforts of this Government, met in Shanghai in 1909, and traces the consistent and successful efforts on the part of the United States to secure the cooperation of all the Governments immediately concerned with the opium problem. It should therefore be considered as in continuation of the report on the International Opium Commission and on the opium problem as seen within the United States, which I had the honor to transmit to you on February 18, 1910, and which is contained in `Senate Document No. 377`, Sixty-first Congress, second session.\n\nThe accompanying report summarizes the steps leading to the conference at The Hague, shows the enlargement of its scope by the inclusion of the consideration of the morphine, cocaine, and Indian hemp drug evils, and exhaustively treats of and explains the convention and the acts signed on January 23, 1912, by the representatives at the conference of the 12 powers party thereto, to wit: The United States, China, France, Germany, Great Britain, Italy, Japan, The Netherlands, Portugal, Russia, Siam, and Persia.\n\nImmediately upon the assembling of the conference it was pointed out, as had been the case at the Shanghai Commission, that the restriction of the manufacture and scale of habit-forming drugs presented commercial and economic, as well as moral, questions of great importance, and that \"it would be useless for those States represented in the conference, and who were the largest producers of opium, morphine, cocaine, etc., to agree to radical measures for the international control of these drugs so long as it was open to the nationals of those States not represented at the conference to continue or take up the production of and traffic in these drugs.\" To this is due a radical departure with respect to ratification; for, instead of the usual conventional provision for ratification, the International Opium Convention provides for the adherence thereto, on the invitation of the Netherlands Government, of all the nonsignatory Governments in Europe and America (34 in all) before any steps may be taken toward the ratification of the convention. In case the entire 34 powers do not adhere before December 31, 1912, another conference is to take place at The Hague attended by the representatives of the signatory and adhering powers. Should this conference be necessary, then the plenipotentiaries thereto shall fix an early date for the ratification of the convention.\n\nThe convention defines raw opium, prepared opium, medicinal opium, morphine, cocaine, and heroin; provides for the enactment of efficacious laws and regulations for the control of the production and distribution of raw opium; for the limiting of the number of ports or other places through which raw opium shall be exported or imported; for the prohibiting of the exportation of raw and prepared opium to prohibiting countries and for the regulation of the exportation of raw and prepared opium to countries which limit their importation; for the importation of raw opium and for the exportation of prepared opium through authorized persons only; for the marking of packages of raw opium exceeding 5 kilograms in weight and for the marking of all packages of prepared opium; for the gradual suppression of the manufacture, internal traffic in, and use of prepared opium; and for the prohibiting of the importation and exportation of prepared opium as soon as possible. In general, its provisions regarding medicinal opium, morphine, cocaine, and their respective salts are similar. It further, in a separate chapter, deals specifically with the relations between China and the \"treaty powers\" with regard to the opium traffic and the traffic in newer habit-forming drugs, China pledging to take strict measures for the prevention of their illicit use and the \"treaty powers\" on their part pledging themselves to aid China in these her efforts. Provision is likewise made for an interchange of laws, regulations, statistical information, and other data regarding the opium and allied traffics and habits.\n\nBy an additional protocol, the conference expressed the opinion that the attention of the Universal Postal Union should be drawn to the urgency of regulating the transmission by post of raw opium, morphine, and cocaine, and their respective salts, and to the necessity of prohibiting the transmission of prepared opium by the post. The conference further expressed the opinion that it is advisable to study the question of Indian hemp from the statistical and scientific standpoint with a view to regulating its misuse, should the necessity therefor make itself felt, by domestic legislation or by an international agreement.\n\nIn sum, recognizing the principle that not by national action alone but only through concerted international action can the question be...  \nPage 239",
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        "title": "CO129-396 - Public Offices - 1912",
        "content_text": "# THE OPIUM EVIL.\n\nsolved, the convention so limits and safeguards the manufacture of and national and international traffic in these drugs as to make possible to a great degree the stamping out of their illicit use.\n\nIt is a source of deep satisfaction that this Government has taken such a prominent part toward the accomplishment of these great international reforms.\n\nWhile this Government has been so actively engaged internationally in attempting to solve the problem of successfully coping with the traffic in and illicit use of habit-forming drugs, nationally it has advanced not one step since the enactment, in February, 1909, at the moment of the meeting of the Shanghai Commission of the \"Act to prohibit the importation and use of opium for other than medicinal purposes.\" That this legislative inaction has not passed unnoticed abroad is made clear by the following from the accompanying report:\n\nThere is no doubt that during the sittings of the International Opium Conference at The Hague the American delegation was placed in a somewhat embarrassing position owing to the neglect of the Congress to pass legislation which had been urged upon it by the Executive, aiming to perfect the opium-exclusion act of February, 1909, and to bring under efficient control the export and interstate commerce in opium and other habit-forming drugs. Both formally and informally, it was pointed out to the American delegates at that conference that the other nations could have little hope for a final suppression of opium and allied evils by international action so long as the United States, which had initiated the movement, failed to adopt the standard of national control in vogue in several European nations and in Japan.\n\nIn view of the foregoing reasons I have the honor to recommend that the accompanying report be transmitted to the Congress, for its information; and that, as the Department of State has made a thorough investigation of the conditions in regard to the abuse of opium and habit-forming drugs in the United States and its possessions, and as the bills drafted to correct these conditions have been carefully revised and perfected in the light of the International Opium Convention, you will again urge upon Congress their speedy consideration. If not so considered the American Government may be justly accused of being half-hearted in its effort to mitigate or suppress the opium and allied evils, an effort in which it has had the earnest cooperation of the chief powers of Europe and Asia.\n\nRespectfully submitted.\n\nP. C. Knox.\n\n## INTERNATIONAL OPIUM CONFERENCE.\n\n[Proposed by the United States Government Sept. 1, 1909. Assembled by the Government of the Netherlands Dec. 1, 1911. Held at The Hague from Dec. 1, 1911, to Jan. 23, 1912.]\n\n### INSTRUCTIONS TO AND REPORTS FROM THE DELEGATES OF THE UNITED STATES.\n\nThe Hon. PHILANDER C. KNOX,  \nSecretary of State.\n\nSIR: The following report, made on behalf of the American delegates to the International Opium Conference held at The Hague from December 1, 1911, to January 23, 1912, is in continuation of a report of January 1, 1910, made to you on behalf of the American delegates to the International Opium Commission, which met at Shanghai in February, 1909. (`S. Doc. No. 377, 61st Cong., 2d sess.`)\n\nThat report, in addition to dealing with the proceedings, reports and conclusions of the International Opium Commission, contained a wide range of data, embracing treaties affecting citizens of the United States in regard to the opium traffic, contracted between the United States and China, Siam, and the former independent State of Korea; statutes respecting Americans engaged in the foreign opium traffic; tariff, internal-revenue, and other statutes covering the trade in opium in the United States and its possessions; the opium problem as seen in the Philippines; the opium, morphine, and cocaine vices as they had developed and were then seen in the continental United States, and a review of the effect of treaties, tariff, internal-revenue, and other Federal laws upon the importation into the United States and the abuse therein of opium, morphine, and cocaine.\n\nAfter reviewing the work of the International Opium commission and the results attained, it was pointed out that although no official action was taken by the commission for continued international action to solve the problems which it had studied and the vices which it had condemned, it was, nevertheless, generally expected by the commissioners that the United States Government would proceed to arrange for an international conference composed of delegates, with full powers, to conventionalize the conclusions of the commission and the corollaries derived therefrom, with the object of giving them the force of law and international agreement. For the investigation of the international and national aspects of the opium evil an appropriation of $20,000 was made by the Congress by the act making appropriations for sundry civil expenses of the Government for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1909.\n\nThat part of the act pertinent to the subject is as follows:\n\n[H. R. 21260.—Public, No. 141.]\n\n**AN ACT Making appropriations for sundry civil expenses of the Government for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1909, and for other purposes.**\n\nBe it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That the following sums be, and the same are hereby, appropriated, for the objects hereinunder expressed, for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1909, namely:\n\n| Appropriation | Amount |\n| --- | --- |\n| International investigation of opium evil.--To enable the President to appoint not more than three commissioners to collate and complete on behalf of the United States information bearing on the opium question, and a secretary, who shall act as disbursing officer, and for traveling expenses, stationery, printing, and other incidental expenses connected with the investigation, and the meeting of the commissioners for the purpose of finding common ground for joint and several recommendations and reports to their respective Governments with a view to the suppression of the opium evil | $20,000, or so much thereof as may be necessary |\n\nThrough the strict economy of the American commissioners to the International Opium Commission, some $5,000 of this appropriation remained in hand after the adjournment of the commission. By your direction it was applied to the continuation of the work arising out of the commission, and until such time as the Congress should make a further appropriation to enable the Government to carry to a logical conclusion the task which it had undertaken.\n\nIn transmitting this report to the President, you recommended that the Congress be asked to appropriate the sum of $25,000, or so much thereof as might be necessary, so as to enable this Government to con-",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-396 - Public Offices - 1912",
        "page_number": 245,
        "title": "CO129-396 - Public Offices - 1912",
        "content_text": "242 \n\n9 \n\n8 \n\n## THE OPIUM EVIL. \n\nother derivatives of opium as may appear on scientific inquiry to be liable to similar abuse and productive of like ill effects. \n\n6. That as the International Opium Commission is not constituted in such a manner as to permit the investigation from a scientific point of view of antiopium remedies and of the properties and effects of opium and its products, but deems such investigation to be of the highest importance, the International Opium Commission desires that each delegation shall recommend this branch of the subject to its own Government for such action as that Government may think necessary. \n\n7. That the International Opium Commission strongly urges all Governments possessing concessions or settlements in China, which have not yet taken effective action toward the closing of opium divans in the said concessions and settlements, to take steps to that end, as soon as they may deem it possible, on the lines already adopted by several Governments. \n\n8. That the International Opium Commission recommends strongly that each delegation move its Government to enter into negotiations with the Chinese Government with a view to effective and prompt measures being taken in the various foreign concessions and settlements in China for the prohibition of the trade and manufacture of such antiopium remedies as contain opium or its derivatives. \n\n9. That the International Opium Commission recommends that each delegation move its Government to apply its pharmacy laws to its subjects in the consular districts, concessions, and settlements in China.\n\nAlthough no formal declaration was made, it was a matter of discussion and was recognized by the commission as a whole that the foregoing resolutions, however important morally, would fail to satisfy enlightened public opinion unless by subsequent agreement of the powers they and the minor questions involved in them were incorporated in an international convention. \n\nImpressed by the gravity of the opium problem and the desirability of divesting it of local and unwise agitation, as well as the necessity of maintaining it upon the basis of fact as determined by the Shanghai Commission, the United States deems it important that international effect and sanction be given to the resolutions of the International Opium Commission, and to this end proposes that an international conference be held at a convenient date at The Hague or elsewhere, composed of one or more delegates of each of the participating powers, and that the delegates should have full power to conventionalize the resolutions adopted at Shanghai, and their necessary consequences. The Government of the United States suggests as a tentative program, based upon resolutions and proceedings of the International Commission, the following: \n\n| Topic |\n| --- |\n| (a) The advisability of uniform national laws and regulations to control the production, manufacture, and distribution of opium, its derivatives, and preparations; |\n| (b) The advisability of restricting the number of ports through which opium may be shipped by opium-producing countries; |\n| (c) The means to be taken to prevent, at the port of departure, the shipment of opium, its derivatives, and preparations to countries that prohibit or wish to prohibit or control their entry; |\n| (d) The advisability of reciprocal notification of the amount of opium, its derivatives, and preparations shipped from one country to another; |\n| (e) Regulation by the Universal Postal Union of the transmission of opium, its derivatives, and preparations through the mails; |\n| (f) The restriction or control of the cultivation of the poppy so that the production of opium will not be undertaken by countries which at present do not produce it, to compensate for the reduction being made in British India and China; |\n| (g) The application of the pharmacy laws of the Governments concerned to their subjects in the consular districts, concessions, and settlements in China; |\n| (h) The propriety of restudying treaty obligations and international agreements under which the opium traffic is at present conducted; |\n| (i) The advisability of uniform provisions of penal laws concerning offenses against any agreements that the powers may make in regard to opium production and traffic; |\n| (j) The advisability of uniform marks of identification of packages containing opium in international transit; |\n| (k) The advisability of permits to be granted to exporters of opium, its derivatives, and preparations; |\n| (l) The advisability of reciprocal right of search of vessels suspected of carrying contraband opium; |\n| (m) The advisability of measures to prevent the unlawful use of a flag by vessels engaged in the opium traffic; |\n| (n) The advisability of an international commission to be intrusted with the carrying out of any international agreement concluded. |\n\n## THE OPIUM EVIL.\n\nWithout attempting to prescribe the scope of the conference, or to present a program which may not be varied nor enlarged, the Government of the United States believes that the foregoing suggestions might properly serve as the basis at least for preliminary discussion, and invites a formal expression of opinion not merely upon the topics outlined, but an enumeration of other aspects of the opium problem which may seem of peculiar importance to any participating nation. The United States considers it important that an exchange of views take place as early as possible before the meeting of the conference. \n\nIf the program as outlined meets with the approval of the Government to which you are accredited, it will be highly serviceable that on some subsequent date--for example, on or before December 1 of the current year--the participating Governments exchange their views, together with such recommendations and observations as occur to them. This course will not only facilitate the work of the conference and materially shorten its labors, but enable the Government of the United States to prepare in advance a definitive program based upon the suggestions and views of the participating Governments. \n\nYou are therefore directed to transmit a copy of this instruction to the minister for foreign affairs of the Government to which you are accredited, and at the same time to request that a delegate or delegates be appointed, furnished with full powers, to negotiate and conclude an agreement, provided that the Government to which you are accredited is favorable to the idea of an international conference for the suppression of the opium evil, as the result of the inquiries of the Shanghai Commission. \n\nI am, gentlemen, your obedient servant. \n\n**ALVEY A. ADEE,** \nActing Secretary of State.\n\nFavorable responses were almost immediately received from the interested Governments to the above circular proposal, the project for the assembling of an International Opium Conference composed of delegates with full powers having met with general favor. By September, 1910, all the powers but one which had taken part in the International Opium Commission had signified to this Government their willingness to continue to cooperate with it in the international movement for the settlement of the opium and allied questions, while the tentative program contained in the department's circular proposal was broadened by suggestions made by the British Government to the effect that those Governments sending delegates to the conference should agree beforehand to a thorough study of the production, manufacture, and traffic in morphine and cocaine, should pledge themselves before the assembling of the conference to the principle of drastic legislation for the control of the manufacture and use of these drugs. The additional proposals of the British Government were accepted by all of the interested Governments. In addition, the Italian Government proposed that the conference deal with the production, manufacture, and traffic in the Indian hemp drugs in a manner similar to opium, morphine, and cocaine. \n\nThe date for the assembling of the conference was originally fixed by the Netherlands Government for May 31, 1912, but because several of the powers were not able to make the necessary study of the morphine and cocaine questions by that time, the date for the meeting of the conference was postponed to December 1, 1912. \n\nThe delegation of the United States to the conference was composed of the following members: \n\nDelegates plenipotentiary: Charles H. Brent, of the Philippine Islands; Hamilton Wright, of Maine; Henry J. Finger, of California. Secretary to the commission: Frederic L. Huidekoper, of Washington, D. C. \n\n1 The Austro-Hungarian Government did not see its way clear to send delegates to the conference, but, nevertheless, informed this Government that it would observe the conference and its results with sympathy.",
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        "title": "CO129-396 - Public Offices - 1912",
        "content_text": "# THE OPIUM EVIL.\n\nAssistant secretary and disbursing officer: Wallace J. Young, of Illinois.\n\nThe instructions to the American delegation were as follows:\n\n## DEPARTMENT OF STATE,\nWashington, October 18, 1911.\n\nMessrs. CHARLES H. BRENT, Hamilton WRIGHT, and H. J. FINGER,\nDelegates of the United States to the International Opium Conference.\n\nGENTLEMEN: You are informed that you have been appointed delegates plenipotentiary to represent the United States at the International Opium Conference which is to meet at The Hague on the 1st of December, 1911.\n\nThe need of such a conference was suggested by the American delegation to the International Opium Commission at one of the final sittings of that body which met at Shanghai in February, 1909; and although no formal action was taken, the Department of State, having considered the unanimous conclusions arrived at by the commission as a whole, and the report of the American delegates thereto, deemed it advisable to issue a proposal to the interested Governments that a conference should meet at The Hague, or elsewhere, composed of one or more delegates of each of the participating powers, and that such delegates should have full powers to give to the main salutary propositions of the commission and the essential corollaries derived therefrom the force of law and international agreement.\n\nTherefore, on the 1st day of September, 1909, this Government issued a circular proposal to the Governments concerned, in which it was stated that the United States had learned with satisfaction of the results achieved by the International Opium Commission; that in the opinion of the leaders of the antiopium movement much had been accomplished; and that both the Government and people of the United States recognized that this was largely due to the generous spirit in which the representatives of the Governments concerned approached the subjects submitted to them.\n\nIt was pointed out that the Government of the United States appreciated the magnitude of the opium problem and the serious economic interests involved in the production of and trade in the drug; and that a deep impression had been made by the friendly cooperation of the powers financially interested, and by the desire, as expressed by the resolutions of the commission, that the opium evil should be eradicated not only from far eastern countries, but also from the home territories and possessions in other parts of the world of the powers therein represented.\n\nIt was stated that, as the result of the investigation of the opium problem in the United States, it had become apparent, quite apart from the question as it affected the Philippine Islands, that a serious opium evil obtained in the United States itself; that this was primarily due to the large Chinese population in the country, to the intimate commercial intercourse with the Orient, and to the unrestricted importation of opium and manufacture of morphia.\n\nThus it was observed that the interest of the United States in the opium problem is material as well as humanitarian, and that, as the result of the investigations made before the meeting of the International Opium Commission, the Congress enacted legislation which aimed to prevent the importation of opium into the United States except for medicinal purposes. But it was noted that the United States is not an opium-producing country, and that in order to make its present and proposed laws fully effective and so stamp out the national opium and allied evils, there should be control of opium and other habit-forming drugs shipped to this country; and therefore that, to attain this end, it would be necessary to secure international cooperation and the sympathy of opium-producing countries.\n\nContinuing, the proposal stated that this Government, impressed by the gravity of the opium and allied problems and the desirability of divesting them of local and unwise agitation, as well as by the necessity of maintaining the entire question upon the basis of fact, as determined by the Shanghai commission, suggested the following tentative program:\n\n(There then follows the items from (a) to (n) of the circular proposal of Sept. 1, 1909.)\n\nIt was made plain, however, that the United States had no desire to prescribe the scope of the conference or to present a program which might not be varied nor enlarged; but that the tentative program was submitted in the belief that it might serve as a basis at least for preliminary discussion, and a formal expression of opinion was invited on the topics outlined, and an enumeration requested of the other aspects of the opium problem which might seem of peculiar importance to any participating nation.\n\nThis circular proposal was made to those Governments which were represented in the International Opium Commission and to the Turkish Government, which, although invited to participate in the International Opium Commission, failed to do so because it had no diplomatic representative in the Far East.\n\nThe proposal for an international opium conference has been accepted by all the Governments to which it was made, except those of Austria-Hungary and the Ottoman Empire.\n\nThe Government of the Netherlands very courteously suggested that the conference meet at The Hague. This has proved to be agreeable to all of the powers; and the question of the date of the conference having been left to the Netherlands Government, that Government has finally found that December 1 next is acceptable, and invitations naming that date have been accordingly issued to the assenting Governments.\n\nWith regard to the tentative program laid down in this Government's circular proposal, the following reservations, additional proposals, and suggestions have been made by certain of the participating powers:\n\nThe French Government, making no objection to items (b), (c), (d), (e), (f), (j), and (k), has remarked as to items (a), (g), (i), (l), (m), and (n) of the tentative program that item (a) demands the adoption of uniform national laws and regulations to control the production, manufacture, and distribution of opium, its derivatives and preparations, and expresses the view that they do not believe that it is desirable that this question should be brought up. In regard to this item, it has been explained to the French and British Governments that a mistake was made by this Government in using the words \"uniform national laws\"; that they should have been \"effective national laws\"; that item (g) proposes the application of the pharmacy laws of the Governments concerned to their subjects in the consular districts, concessions, and settlements in China, and expresses the view that at present it would seem to be impossible to accomplish this purpose, as it would tend to place in the hands of the Chinese or nationals of countries not signatories to a convention the exercise of the profession of pharmacy in the concessions; that item (i) as to the establishment of uniform provisions of penal laws concerning offenses against any agreement that the powers may make in regard to opium production would mean a modification of French penal laws, and that this is such a grave question that the Government of the Republic is not prepared to bring it up in the French Parliament. As to items (l) and (m), which raise the question of the right of search, and about which public opinion in France has always shown itself particularly susceptible, the French Government would not renounce its principles in this matter to prevent contraband opium. The French Government also reserves its opinion in regard to item (n), which involves the question of an international commission to supervise any international agreement concluded by the conference. Within the limits thus indicated, the French Government has declared its readiness to study proper measures to bring about the gradual suppression of the unnecessary production and misuse of opium.\n\nThe German Government, agreeing to the general principles of the tentative program, in particular consented that the morphine and cocaine questions be made the subject matter of deliberations at the conference.\n\nThe British Government, after pointing out that the illicit traffic in morphine and cocaine in India, China, and other far eastern countries is becoming more grievous and deadly than opium smoking, and that such an evil is certain to increase as the restrictions which are now being placed in India and China on the production and use of opium become more stringent, suggested that the powers participating in the conference should definitely consider beforehand the question whether they would be prepared to make a statistical study of the manufacture and trade in morphine and cocaine and agree to impose severe restrictions on such manufacture of and trade in the drugs in their respective territories. Further, the British Government has stated that they take exception to those items of the tentative program numbered (h), (l), (m), and (n), and that they will not be prepared to discuss in the conference: First, the arrangement made between His Majesty's Government and China respecting the progressive restriction of opium imports and of opium production in China (i.e., the so-called 10-year agreement). Second, other existing treaties between the two countries. It may be stated that all of the participating Governments have accepted the proposals of the British Government in regard to morphine and cocaine.\n\nThe Chinese Government has suggested in regard to item (a) of the tentative program that, in drawing up laws and regulations, there should be no interference with the sovereign rights of any nation; that in regard to item (i) that offenses against any agreement that the powers might make should be punished by each country according to its own penal laws; that in regard to item (l) that the right of search of vessels should be restricted by the Governments concerned to vessels found within their own territorial waters; and in regard to item (n) that there would be no need of an international commission to supervise any agreement reached by the conference and assented to by the interested Governments.",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "title": "CO129-396 - Public Offices - 1912",
        "content_text": "# THE OPIUM EVIL.\n\nThe Italian Government has pointed out the importance of the question of the traffic in Indian hemp drugs to that Government and has suggested that the conference might advantageously deal with the question of this traffic.\n\nThe Netherlands Government, while agreeing to the general principles of the tentative program, at the same time observed that for the Netherlands Indies, where the culture of the poppy does not exist and where the opium régie has been or will be introduced, the question of most importance to the Netherlands Government is for the conference to arrive at an agreement as to measures to be taken to combat the smuggling of opium.\n\nThe Russian Government, while approving in principle of the general tenor of the tentative program, took exception to item (f) inasmuch as there is almost no production of opium in Russia, and for that reason the restriction and control of the cultivation of the poppy, as provided for by that item, would be superfluous as far as Russia is concerned, and would oppose a serious obstacle to the development of one of the branches of Russian agriculture.\n\nThe other powers have accepted the tentative program as a basis for discussion, reserving their particular views upon it, which will be expressed at the conference itself.\n\nYou will see, therefore, that, although the tentative program proposed by the United States has been in some respects narrowed by the reservations made by several of the powers, generally speaking, the scope of the work of the conference has been broadened by the suggestions that it include in its deliberations the question of the manufacture of and trade in morphine and cocaine and the Indian hemp drugs. It therefore seems to this Government desirable that the production of and traffic in all habit-forming drugs which have been proved to be a menace to the moral, physical, and economic welfare of the world would be considered by the conference and adequately dealt with by it in the spirit of resolution 5 of the International Opium Commission, which places a ban on all drugs which appear on scientific inquiry to be liable to abuse and productive of the ill effects of opium, its derivatives, or preparations.\n\nIt would be inexpedient to limit you by too rigid instructions upon the different questions which may be brought forward in the conference for discussion; but you should closely bear in mind that, though it has been clearly demonstrated that the United States has large material interests in any action which the conference may take, this Government has no revenue of moment at stake; and that primarily the international movement for the suppression of the opium evil was initiated by this Government with the object of assisting China in her recent and energetic effort to suppress her opium evil.\n\nAll of your communications and reports to this Government will be made to the Department of State for due consideration and final preservation in the archives. The records of the delegation will be kept by its secretary, Mr. Frederic L. Huidekoper. Should you be in doubt at any time in regard to the meaning or effect of these instructions, or should you consider at any time that there is occasion for special instructions, you will communicate concisely with the Department of State by telegraph.\n\nI may say to you that it is the President's earnest desire that the very old and troublesome opium problem growing out of the abuse of opium and the allied habit-forming drugs may be successfully dealt with by the conference.\n\nI am, gentlemen, your obedient servant,\n\n**ALVEY A. ADEE.**\n\nThe Dutch Government set aside for the use of the conference a part of the Hall of the Knights, the seat of the States General, and on the first day of December, 1912, at 3 o'clock in the afternoon, the conference was opened by his excellency the Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands in the presence of the delegations representing the twelve nations, the diplomatic corps, the press, and the general public. His excellency the foreign minister made a felicitous address of welcome, saying amongst other things, that the Netherlands Government considered it a special privilege to greet at the royal residence a conference of eminent diplomats and experts arrived from the four quarters of the globe to discuss an international problem; that the problem before the conference pressingly claimed solution for the welfare of mankind; that the conference would have to deal with one of \n\n## THE OPIUM EVIL.\n\nthose complications of Providence where God had created a plant containing in itself the elements to make it a real benefactor to humanity, but where man had by an abuse of that benefit transferred it into a scourge spreading economic ruin and moral as well as intellectual degradation; that the Netherlands Government had been anxious for the honor of seeing the conference meet on Netherlands soil, the mother country of vast colonies where the opium problem was of great actual importance, and that the interested governments responding to that appeal with an enthusiasm as graceful as it was flattering, he extended the welcome of the royal government to the conference as a tribute of gratitude.\n\nAt the conclusion of this address of welcome the first delegate of the Netherlands Government proposed for president of the conference Bishop Charles H. Brent, of the American delegation. This was seconded by the chiefs of the British and German delegations. With the unanimous consent of the assembly, Bishop Brent accepted the presidency and then delivered an address, partly personal, in which, besides thanking the conference for the honor of the presidency, he called attention to the work of the International Opium Commission, which convened in 1909, and then outlined the purpose for which the International Opium Conference had been assembled. On the termination of the presidential address, and with the consent of the conference, the president proposed the personnel of the secretary general's office. His Excellency R. de Marees van Swinderen, Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Dutch Government, was elected honorary president. In the name of the conference the president dispatched the following message to Her Majesty the Queen of the Netherlands:\n\nThe representatives of the 12 nations assembled at The Hague for the International Opium Conference have the honor to lay at the feet of Your Royal Majesty the homage of their most respectful devotion and the expression of their gratitude for the gracious reception given to them in your residence.\n\nAt the second plenary session of the conference the president read the following telegram:\n\nI am glad to see at The Hague the representatives of twelve States assembled for an International Opium Conference. Thanking you, Mr. President, for the feelings which you have interpreted, I express to you my good wishes for the humanitarian goal of the conference.\n\n**WILHELMINA.**\n\nPrevious to the assembling of the conference, the Netherlands minister for foreign affairs had requested the American delegation to suggest a body of rules to govern the conference. At the second plenary session the conference proceeded to consider the tentative rules proposed by the American delegation, which were as follows:\n\n## Rule I. \nThe International Opium Conference is composed of all the plenipotentiaries and technical delegates of the powers which have accepted the proposal of the United States Government and the invitation of the Government of the Queen of the Netherlands.\n\n## Rule II. \nAfter organizing its bureau, the conference shall appoint committees to study the questions submitted to it. The plenipotentiaries of the powers are free to register on the lists of these committees according to their own convenience, and to appoint technical delegates to take part therein.\n\n## Rule III. \nThe conference shall appoint the chairman of each committee. The committees shall appoint their secretaries and reporters.\n\n## Rule IV. \nEach committee shall have the power to divide itself into subcommittees which shall organize their own bureau.",
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        "content_text": "# THE OPIUM EVIL.\n\nThe one nation which has not been vitally affected by the international movement initiated by the United States is the United States itself, except in the Philippines. In the islands, there are model antinarcotic laws; but, in spite of repeated urging by the Executive, the Congress so far has failed favorably to consider carefully drafted measures aimed to bring the continental United States into line and in accord with the principles now embraced by the International Opium Convention. A good beginning was made by the Federal Government, as may be seen by reference to the opium act approved February 9, 1909. This act is imperfect—the only effect which it could possibly have being to prevent the legal importation into the United States of the vicious form of opium known as opium prepared for smoking.\n\nThe Federal Government legalized the importation of the latter form of opium by the tariff act of 1860, and from that year until the opium-exclusion act became effective on April 1, 1909, there were legally imported into the United States over 4,000,000 pounds of this debasing form of the drug on which the Government collected a customs tax of nearly $27,000,000. In addition to the legal importation from 1860 onward, almost half as much again of this form of opium is supposed to have been smuggled into the United States. The evils, economic as well as moral, associated with the importation and use of this form of the drug cannot be accurately computed, but what might be fairly called an underestimate of them was set forth in the report made on behalf of the American delegates to the International Opium Commission. (`S. Doc. No. 377, 61st Cong., 2d sess.`)\n\nJust prior to the assembling of the International Opium Commission at Shanghai in February, 1909, it became apparent to the Department of State that the American Government had invited the cooperation of 12 nations to mitigate or suppress the opium evil as seen in Far Eastern countries, but had failed to recognize that it had legalized the importation of that form of the drug which had been most baneful in its effect on the people of China and of other Asiatic States.\n\nIt was at once seen that it would be quite impossible for the American commissioners to appear at Shanghai until the Federal Government had taken some step toward a house cleaning. This was promptly done in part by the passage of the so-called opium-exclusion act just after the International Commission had convened.\n\nAnimated by the example of the Federal Government, some 30 of the States have improved the intrastate legislation aimed to confine narcotics to legitimate uses, but since February 9, 1909—the date of approval of the just mentioned act—no further decided congressional action has been taken, and the United States is now in the position, after having received the cordial cooperation of 12 powers, of being far behind in the movement to accomplish the purpose to which the American Government set itself in the autumn of 1906, when the first steps were taken to secure such cooperation.\n\n## \n\nThere is no doubt that during the sittings of the International Opium Conference at The Hague the American delegation was placed in a somewhat embarrassing position owing to the neglect of the Congress to pass legislation which had been urged upon it by the executive, aimed to perfect the opium exclusion act of February, 1909, and to bring under efficient control the export and interstate commerce in opium and other habit-forming drugs. Both formally and informally, it was pointed out to the American delegates at that conference that the other nations could have little hope for a final suppression of the opium and allied evils by international action so long as the United States, which had initiated the movement, failed to adopt the standard of national control in vogue in several European nations and in Japan.\n\nThree bills with this purpose in view have been urged upon Congress since March, 1910. They are entitled as follows:\n\n(a) A bill to amend an act entitled \"An act to prohibit the importation and use of opium for other than medicinal purposes,\" approved February 9, 1909;\n\n(b) A bill to amend the act of October 1, 1890 (`26 Stat., p. 1567`) regulating the manufacture of smoking opium within the United States;\n\n(c) A bill imposing a tax upon and regulating the production, manufacture, and distribution of certain habit-forming drugs;\n\nA fourth bill has been designed to carry out the pledges of this Government as contained in resolutions 8 and 9 of the International Opium Commission and as now pledged by this Government by virtue of article 16 of the International Opium Convention. The title of that bill is as follows:\n\n(d) A bill to regulate the practice of pharmacy and the sale of poisons in the consular districts of the United States in China.\n\nThe bills (a), (b), (c), were drafted after a wide consultation with all the interests likely to be affected (see `S. Doc. No. 377, 61st Cong., 2d sess.`). They have the general support of the pharmacy boards of the different States of the Union which are charged with the enforcement under the police power of the States, of the State acts for the regulation of pharmacy and the sale of narcotics; of the legislative committee of the National Retail Druggists' Association; and of the legislative committee of the National Wholesale Druggists' Association.\n\nSince the adjournment of the International Opium Conference on the 23d of last January, these bills (a), (b), and (c), have been carefully revised by a joint committee composed of representatives of the Department of State and of the Treasury Department, and their speedy consideration has been urged upon the Congress by the Secretary of State and the Secretary of the Treasury. Finally, it may be stated that the President has commended to Congress, with his approval, the legislation in question.\n\nFirst. By a message transmitting from the Secretary of State a report on the International Opium Commission and on the opium problem as seen within the United States and its possessions (`S. Doc. No. 377, 61st Cong., 2d sess.`);\n\nSecond. In his annual message to the Congress, December 7, 1910;\n\nThird. In a special message to the Congress, transmitting a report of the Secretary of State relative to the control of the opium traffic (`S. Doc. No. 736, 61st Cong., 3d sess.`); and\n\nFourth. In his message on foreign relations, communicated to the two Houses of Congress December 7, 1911.\n\nIt has been pointed out above that the United States had collected in customs duties, from 1860 until April 1, 1909, nearly $27,000,000 from the legalized importation of that vicious form of opium known as opium prepared for smoking, and that the use of this drug within the United States had caused an economic and moral degradation which could not be accurately computed.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-396 - Public Offices - 1912.txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 441116,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-396 - Public Offices - 1912",
        "page_number": 452,
        "title": "CO129-396 - Public Offices - 1912",
        "content_text": "## \n\nY \n\nlatter is suppressed, in the Far East.\n\n448\n\nIn paragraph 31, the Government of India suggest a scheme of international regulation and control of the manufacture, sale and distribution of morphine and other derivatives of opium, and in paragraph 45 a similar scheme in respect of cocaine and allied drugs.\n\nI am to say that the Secretary of State in Council is of opinion that the letter should be of great assistance to the British delegates in the discussions of the Conference, and should enable them to urge forcibly the necessity for effective international rules to regulate the manufacture, sale, distribution and export of morphia and cocaine.\n\nAs at present advised the Secretary of State in Council does not think that the letter itself should be laid before the Conference.\n\nI have the honour to be, Sir,\n\nYour obedient Servant,\n\n`(SRO) R RITCHIE`, \nMed  \nPambl",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-396 - Public Offices - 1912.txt",
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    {
        "id": 441123,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-396 - Public Offices - 1912",
        "page_number": 459,
        "title": "CO129-396 - Public Offices - 1912",
        "content_text": "# \n13 \n455 \n12 \n\n27. About the quantities of morphia in illicit use no figures can, in the nature of things, be procured, but the available figures of seizures are given below:\n\n| PROVINCE | 1905 | 1906 | 1907 | 1908 | 1909 | 1910 | REMARKS |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Madras Presidency | oz. dr. gr. | oz. dr. gr. | oz. dr. gr. | oz. dr. gr. | oz. dr. gr. | oz. dr. gr. |  |\n| Bombay | 1 0 0 | 3 0 0 | 49 0 35 | 7 2 8 | 1 0 13 |  |  |\n| Bengal ¿Mofassil |  |  |  |  | 108 0 0 | 99 7 13 |  |\n| (Calcutta and suburbs |  |  |  |  | 16 1 0 | 8 4 48 |  |\n| United Provinces |  |  |  |  | 9 2 14 | 2 11 0 |  |\n| Punjab |  |  |  |  | 60 5 61 | 167 5 0 |  |\n| Burma |  |  |  |  | 196 7 31 | 98 6 2 | (Mixture of morphia in pills,ty and 10 phials, 1 packet and 3 bottles of morphia.* |\n| TOTAL |  |  |  |  | 541,031 6 21 | 626 3 50 1,193 1 23 | Weight not known. Number not known. |\n\n28. The sixth of the Shanghai Resolutions deals with the scientific investigation of the properties of opium and of possible remedies for the opium habit. The evidence taken by the Royal Commission of 1895 contains all that we can say on the properties and effects of opium: and we consider that the scientific study of anti-opium remedies will more usefully be conducted, in the first instance at least, in European laboratories. On the seventh, eighth and ninth of the Shanghai Resolutions we have no remarks, as they do not directly concern the Indian Government.\n\n## Fourth Resolution\n\n29. We revert now to the fourth of the Commission's Resolutions, which opens up a question of the highest importance to the welfare of India. So far as we are in a position to prevent contraband trade in opium, we are fully prepared to take our part, and to carry out any detailed control over our exports upon which your Lordship may decide after receiving the conclusions of the Conference. The only ports at which opium is permitted to be exported from India are Bombay and Calcutta; and export is only permitted under Government supervision and regulations. The exports to China are strictly controlled under the terms of the Anglo-Chinese agreement of last May. The exports to prohibitionist countries such as the United States, Canada and Australia, will be brought under supervision as soon as international action is agreed upon. The practical steps for India would be (1) to prohibit the export of opium under section 19 of the Sea Customs Act; (2) to take supplementary action to see that such prohibition is not evaded by first exporting to a non-prohibition country and thence to a prohibitionist country; and (3) to prohibit the transmission of opium abroad through the post.\n\n## CONTROL OF DRUGS OTHER THAN OPIUM\n\n30. The subject of higher importance to us, however, in this fourth, as well as in part of the fifth, Resolution is the recommendation in favour of drastic control, in the countries of origin, over the distribution of opium, with its alkaloids, derivatives and preparations, and of morphine with its harmful congeners. If this principle is accepted as a subject for international concert, we most earnestly urge that it be at once extended to cocaine with its allied drugs and synthetic substitutes. The extraordinary growth in the use of these drugs in India has caused us the gravest alarm. They threaten to produce a degradation and demoralization among classes which have hitherto been free from this form of vice and to an extent which will entirely overshadow the evils arising from opium. We cannot speak of the Far East, though we believe that the potential danger there is as great as it is in this country. But for India the question of checking the influx of these drugs has assumed the gravest urgency. Our means of dealing with their import are limited; and it is only in the countries of manufacture and export that the control can be effective. We trust that the Conference will regard it as their clear duty to help India in this matter in the same spirit as India has co-operated in forwarding the eradication of the opium habit in China.\n\n31. Concerning morphine and other derivatives of opium, the questions of export and of production are equally important. We are prepared to take all reasonable action in both directions, and we must look to the other countries represented at the Conference to agree to similar action on their part. The Indian production of these drugs, their distribution, their imports, and the countries from which they are imported, have already been detailed. There is practically no export of such articles from India except that from the Government opium factory at Ghazipur to the well-known English firm already referred to. We would suggest, as regards exports, similar precautions to those described above in respect of the export of opium; and as regards production, a system of control by means of licenses (where a Government monopoly is not desired), and a system of accounts by which the manner of disposal of the drugs produced can be ascertained in so far as their exports are concerned. We quite understand that the Conference may not interest itself in the question of production except in so far as it affects exports, licit and illicit, but it is urged that no precautions against smuggling will ever be effective unless there is full control at the centres of production. This is fully recognised in the American Federal Bill of last year, imposing a tax upon and regulating the production, manufacture, and distribution of habit-forming drugs.\n\n### Dr.\n\n32. The dangers of cocaine and its allies and the necessity for their international regulation are much greater, because there is an enormous volume of international illicit traffic in them, and their direct connection with the worst forms of crime has been conclusively demonstrated. As Mr. Secretary P. C. Knox says in his Report to the President of the United States, dated February 18th, 1910, cocaine \"has proved to be a creator of criminals and of unusual forms of violence, and has been a potent incentive in driving the primitive classes of the community all over the country to abnormal crimes.\" Hamilton Wright, one of the American delegates to the Shanghai Commission, describes cocaine as \"more appalling in its effects than any other habit-forming drug used in the United States.\" The legislation against cocaine in the United States is new, but it is drastic, and further legislation was under consideration last year, including provisions for \"the registration of every person who imports, produces, manufactures, compounds, distributes, or otherwise handles habit-forming drugs in inter-state or foreign commerce.” The proposed Federal Bill imposing a tax upon and regulating the production, manufacture, and distribution of certain habit-forming drugs (including coca leaves, cocaine, alpha and beta eucaine, etc.) requires the registration of exporters also. Not only is the urgent necessity for the international regulation of cocaine recognised by the Power at whose instance the Hague Conference has been called, but such regulation along with the regulation of morphine at centres of production was expressly made a condition on which the invitation to participate in the Conference was accepted by His Majesty's Government. We now proceed to set out the information about cocaine, which has so far been gathered in India and which justifies the apprehensions which we have expressed regarding its use and its effects in this country.\n\n33. Cocaine is an alkaloid obtained from the leaves of the cuca or coca plant (Erythroxylum coca), a shrub indigenous to South America. It is found in Java, and has also been grown experimentally in the tea districts of Madras, Mysore, and Bengal. Mr. Comber, Chief Superintendent of Excise in Burma, has successfully cultivated it in Lower Burma, where it appears to thrive well. The leaves are extensively used for chewing in South America, where over 80 million persons are estimated to be addicted to the habit. Coca used in its raw state is a stimulant of the nervous system. If taken in moderation it may possibly be beneficial; but it is certainly harmful if taken in excess.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-396 - Public Offices - 1912.txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 445824,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-406 - Public Offices - 1913",
        "page_number": 295,
        "title": "CO129-406 - Public Offices - 1913",
        "content_text": "294\n\n38\n\nHis Exc. Jonkheer de Marees van Swinderen said:\n\nI reascend this platform to conclude, in a few final words, the deliberations of this Conference feeling more confident than ever that the task of civilization to which you have devoted such energy will be realized in its widest conception and that the contingency foreseen in the last of the clauses which the Conference has seen fit to express, is only the logical result of the wise and careful foresight which has governed your labors. From your deliberations has arisen a certain conviction that the honor of the whole world is at stake; that to err in the means of obtaining the consent of all the Powers of the world would be equivalent to dimming the lustre of modern civilization.\n\nYou have quite rightly believed this consent, this common accord, to be indispensable if the Convention is to have the desired effect, but you have also shown unshaken faith in the triumph of the ideas and principles which have guided you in the formulation of these rules and regulations, by motives of material interest in the separate elements of which that better union of humanity is composed. The great forward step that we have made is that doubt as to the depth of our individual intentions has disappeared and that we are all convinced that we are united and allied in the further peaceful campaign that we must undertake to convince the delinquents.\n\nYou have been so kind as to entrust the direction of this campaign to the Government of the Netherlands. It will assume this task with enthusiasm and perseverance but not without the strongest appeals to the efficient assistance of all the other participants. As early as to-morrow we will undertake the task and nothing will be left undone in order that you may learn, before the end of the year, that the signatures are all obtained and that the whole world shares in the work of the Opium Conference.\n\nLet us disperse, Gentlemen, strong and confident in the firm intention to contribute toward the accomplishment of this hope.\n\n(Great applause.)\n\nWith permission of the President I declare the Conference closed.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-406 - Public Offices - 1913.txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 449040,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-413 - Governor Sir May - 1914 [8-10]",
        "page_number": 289,
        "title": "CO129-413 - Governor Sir May - 1914 [8-10]",
        "content_text": "Translation of Code Telegram of 27th August from Secretary \n\nof State to H. E. the Governor.\n\n--------------------------\n\n287\n\nAugust 27th. Referring to declaration of London contained in command papers 4554 which was communicated to you by Colonial Office Library April 2nd 1909 Order in Council dated 20th August adopted declaration of London during hostilities subject to following modifications.\n\n1. Substitute contraband lists contained in Proclamation of August 4th 1914 for lists in Articles 22, 24 of declaration.\n\n2. Neutral vessel which have carried contraband to the enemy with false papers may be detained if encountered before completing return voyage.\n\n3. Destinations referred to in Article 33 it may be inferred from any sufficient evidence and in addition presumption contained in Article 34 shall be presumed to exist if goods are consigned to or for agents of or persons under control of authorities of enemy state.\n\n4. Existence of blockade presumed to be known to all ships which have left or touched at enemy port a sufficient time after notification of blockade to local authorities to have enabled enemy Government to notify existence of blockade or which have left or touched at British or allied port after publication of declaration.\n\nNotwithstanding provisions of Article 35 conditional on contraband show to have destination indicated in Article 33 may be captured to whatever port vessel is bound and at whatever port cargo is to be discharged.\n\n5.\n\n6. General reports (on) to Naval Conference printed in command paper 4554 shall be considered by all Prize Courts as authoritative statement of meaning and intention of declaration and provisions of declaration shall be interpreted as in the light of commentary given therein. Despatch follows by mail.\n\nHARCOURT",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-413 - Governor Sir May - 1914 [8-10].txt",
        "external_url": "",
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    },
    {
        "id": 454674,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-423 - Governor Sir May - 1915 [7-8]",
        "page_number": 67,
        "title": "CO129-423 - Governor Sir May - 1915 [7-8]",
        "content_text": "## The Governor of Hongkong to the Secretary of State for the Colonies\n\n(Received Colonial Office 2.35 p.m. 13th July, 1915)\n\nMay 13th.\n\nThe term Germans in China in this telegram includes all persons of enemy nationality in China or Siam. When the Trading with the Enemy (China, Siam, Persia and Morocco) Proclamation 1915 comes into force on the 27th July, will Germans in China be in the same position in all respects as persons resident or carrying on business in enemy country, or will only those transactions which are specifically prohibited in Proclamation, at present in force, be illegal? The following questions have arisen:\n\nI. Will general non-trading intercourse be illegal?\n\nII. Will property of Germans in China be liable to seizure and condemnation if found on board an allied merchant vessel at sea or in Hongkong port? If it is liable, is it advisable to interfere?\n\nIII. Will the maintenance of existing contracts of service and agency become illegal? Germans in China have British employés. Eighteen Indian police are employed by Municipal Council of German Concession, Hankow. British firms have German employés. One British Company has as agent in Canton a United States citizen whose representative at Canton is German and the United States citizen himself ...\n\nI have discussed Un Tel with Mr. Malkin of `7.0.x`, although the questions can all be answered, he thinks the most convenient way of dealing with the position would be to have a Conference, which a representative of `PT` would also attend. The Conference might also deal with the points raised on `28754`. I refrain from examining the points in detail until it is decided.\n\nParaphrase of Telegram.\n\n64 \n32282 \nREC \nREG 14 JUL 15 \n\nPage 32282 \n... \nAve, IJ.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-423 - Governor Sir May - 1915 [7-8].txt",
        "external_url": "",
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    },
    {
        "id": 457347,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-427 - Public Offices - 1915",
        "page_number": 89,
        "title": "CO129-427 - Public Offices - 1915",
        "content_text": "00\n\n85\n\n(97966/15)\n\nthe Governor's power to issue licences is applicable to\n\ntransactions forbidden by the new Proclamation.\n\n8.\n\nSir J. Jordan will be instructed to communicate to\n\nthe Governor of Hong Kong any instructions received by\n\nhim which may affect the Colony.\n\n9.\n\n(a) is not a serious danger. As to carriage, see\n\n(2) above. As to finance and insurance, the only\n\nallied state whose subjects will be at liberty to em-\n\nbark on such transactions is Japan. (b) and (c) will\n\nbe dealt with by the steps concerted at the conference\n\nheld at the Colonial Office on July 30th.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-427 - Public Offices - 1915.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 458021,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-428 - Public Offices - 1915",
        "page_number": 114,
        "title": "CO129-428 - Public Offices - 1915",
        "content_text": "J black in wh Cause good's consigned by a position to whathen bay listed firms ate with elementary he sho simfily stop to enemy without Count tel. Or Hoveniers without point Ab a kifoly pane.) A2- forms & place the waiting for ado thu mạn AMU the Prizo 50994 com settlement merely promise strall firobably the of this Gov fossible (last omit QUD to wh. I I agre ab to tous ab koon Get hovener We had letter lime but in the last log mail to tet Lance simdar imetums. He must send the action ame Cylon th S.S. suggest is therefore (4) to remd at addition suggested tel on 50994 X above last line but Atre with o the emission Onl of by mail Straits as im aft wirewi (i) to tel to Ceylon Jape anot au (i) t rigandes goods consigned or by black list landed not a & suggest that the See below Vo the 36. 50396 letter OTL B above as at You &. shro fuimus reform to to send copies of telo to F.O. be instructed As far as it 7 Cund for transhitett 19/11/15 understand. 1 con the position appears as follows. be as (1). Good from 16 (a) foods landed for Marishi pevent from males course food & any steamer, allied or British 110 neutral, Confueue on or otherwise, to be stopped if for firm not Whitelist or from firin on black List. Such foods if ex British or allied steamers, & if satisfactor evidence available to be Preze counted.\n\n(b) goods brought with part transit, not for Kaushipment (:) If on a neutral Ship not to be roughed (ii) (foto (80) (1) 17 on a conference sellest from China would detained if ible prosecules, A such firms presumets The able to slung This pana, may, fer Jake of concisenes, Freaded as relating ea Prize counted To shiperent Nothina) Steamer list to be Noncher In all the (ii) of on a non-confce British or aller steamer], to be detained if shipped: by or tax an fron eneine from on blacklish or a Poistesh firm con. -viches of T. with the C\n\nPage 363\n\n...\n\nPage 363\n\n...\n\nPage 363",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-428 - Public Offices - 1915.txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 458022,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-428 - Public Offices - 1915",
        "page_number": 115,
        "title": "CO129-428 - Public Offices - 1915",
        "content_text": "This appears to follow from 50396 + para 6.2 of this letter, through the latter paragraphs in incomplete expressions.\n\nIn all other cases (except \"Markwald\" cases which are exceptional & need not be included in summary), goods with be allowed to proceed or from (2) food for train (a) as above (b) (i) as above (ii) & (iii). Goods whether consigned to British or allied ships, whether Conference or otherwise, to be detained if for firms on White Fish or from firms on Black List Prize Court list, if satisfactory evidence available.\n\nAs regards (1) & (2), I am not at all sure that 7.1. I wish to maintain the distinction between enemy firms convicted on Black List prices +(ß) the Black List firms, so that the distinction is quite clear enough.\n\nPerhaps we might summarise the position as above. Assuming we are supplied with 1 (b) (i) is intended pointing and that if so it will be necessary to keep us supplied with a list.\n\nTo what extent blacklisted firms are enemy-owned firms is that this will presumably be done by Mr. Minister at Bangkok.\n\nBut suggesting that it might be done...",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-428 - Public Offices - 1915.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
    },
    {
        "id": 458026,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-428 - Public Offices - 1915",
        "page_number": 119,
        "title": "CO129-428 - Public Offices - 1915",
        "content_text": "115\n\n(168666/15)\n\nChina and Siam, and that this will, indeed, be necessary in order to fulfill the arrangement with the New York Eastern Outward Conference lines, who have agreed to refuse to carry such goods from American ports on the understanding that they will be removed from other British or allied vessels.\n\nIt is not anticipated that there will be a large quantity of such goods, as the Customs regulations should prevent shipment in this country and the New York Far Eastern Outward Conference lines have agreed not to carry them from America.\n\n8. Sir E. Grey however concurs that it will be unnecessary and undesirable to remove goods consigned to unlisted firms in China and Siam on vessels merely calling at the ports of the Colony without unloading their cargoes. Goods consigned to China will be dealt with at their port of destination, and as it is understood that nearly all goods for Siam are transhipped at Singapore, it is unlikely that unlisted firms in Siam will be able to receive considerable quantities of goods in this manner.\n\nI am,\n\nsir,\n\nYour most obedient,\n\nhumble Servant,\n\nA. Law\n\n0.\n\nZ\n\nN",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-428 - Public Offices - 1915.txt",
        "external_url": "",
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    },
    {
        "id": 458031,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-428 - Public Offices - 1915",
        "page_number": 124,
        "title": "CO129-428 - Public Offices - 1915",
        "content_text": "Summary\n\n(a) Goods transhipment by steamer, follows landed for any allied or British whether neutral or otherwise detained will be to enseigned White if fear not List Chr the lay Sist If such landed from allied steamer to Goods Black British amal if arvidence the will Prize Court (letegrams) brought into ! Satisfactory available if laced /vide fort for stufe witer > enclosed.\n\n(b) Goods in transit transhipment.\n\n(i) if neutral will cnot interfered print of ryan not U.S.A.\n\n(ii) if shifted from Ke steamer belonging to the Conference, with interfered will not que (para 2 of the letter 50396 (eds) of Cares the (i) from If the will Be all deft detarmed the Prze (50396) in and Count plored if shipped boy to remy Black firewor fil Ch Q British firm comucted th of trading with ( This enemy from your 153615/15 Riveter of letter under the fara. understood Nov. of your. refly). of thre letter In all other cakes Excrefit special Cares such as that of Messrs. Markwold be will Goods to proceed. allowed\n\n(2) Goods consumed\n\nAfter re-examining the text and applying the given rules for OCR proofreading, here is the corrected version in HTML format:\n\n(a) Goods transshipment by steamer, follows: Goods landed for any allied or British, whether neutral or otherwise, detained will be enseigned White, if not on the List. Chr... the lay Sist. If such goods landed from allied steamer to Goods Black, British amal, if evidence thereof, will be brought into Prize Court. (Telegrams) Satisfactory evidence available if placed /vide fort for stufe witer > enclosed.\n\n(b) Goods in transit transhipment.\n\n(i) If neutral, will not be interfered with, not being U.S.A.\n\n(ii) If shifted from Ke steamer belonging to the Conference, with... will not be interfered with (para 2 of the letter XCR(50396)(eds) of Cares, Nov.). If shipped by a British firm conducted trading with the enemy from your reference 153615/15 Riveter of letter under the para. understood Nov. of your reply. In all other cases, except special cases such as that of Messrs. Markwold, goods will be allowed to proceed.\n\n(2) Goods consumed\n\nHere is the corrected HTML output:\n\n(a) Goods transshipment by steamer, follows: Goods landed for any allied or British, whether neutral or otherwise, detained will be enseigned White, if not on the List. Chr... the lay Sist. If such goods landed from allied steamer to Goods Black, British amal, if evidence thereof, will be brought into Prize Court. (Telegrams) Satisfactory evidence available if placed /vide fort for stufe witer > enclosed.\n\n(b) Goods in transit transhipment.\n\n(i) If neutral, will not be interfered with, not being U.S.A.\n\n(ii) If shifted from Ke steamer belonging to the Conference, with... will not be interfered with (para 2 of the letter XCR(50396)(eds) of Cares, Nov.). If shipped by a British firm conducted trading with the enemy from your reference 153615/15 Riveter of letter under the para. understood Nov. of your reply. In all other cases, except special cases such as that of Messrs. Markwold, goods will be allowed to proceed.\n\n(2) Goods consumed",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-428 - Public Offices - 1915",
        "page_number": 125,
        "title": "CO129-428 - Public Offices - 1915",
        "content_text": "in the Goods by fermiss\n\n(a) Goods transhipment same landed im Siam landed for unle be treated erary Qua for transhipment to from Chima\n\n(b) (-) Goods brought cants port trammet neutral shife will not be DRAFT. interfored with\n\n(1) Goods brought carto font in transit British allied ships whether belonging otherwise to the Conference will be detaiman J to fummous not منظمة consigned the White List Oh longe the Black List Sir H. Just. ferims and will be flaced Prze Count if suffrant in the case of good. in trawant To china in Ships other than Conference Lunati Ships which Zerande kaus them in Ulh ports draw between (a) enemy British firms convicted of the amal trading (b) with other femmes If List the Black So it will loe mecerraly Gour of Carylon, the distinction distive 121 Bevanda MINUTE.\n\nMr. Mr. Mr. connected Mr. Sir G. Fiddes. will furesumably for the S.G. 7 suffled the H. I long unde be heft which ferns for Chenna List 7 Black on are emery Jews be done by Sir J. Anderson. Ministers at Banghok H.M.'s Mr. Steel-Maitland. olym Bonar Mr. Bonar Law. Pabung available (hara Law fowerser wat suggest evidence 3 of the letter firooms this daft of the 16 Nov.) 31. (50396) for Sir E. Grey's cont thrat it might preferable be suffi to t the يحصل not clea Law whether Ronan interfiretatione finition (e) (b) (iii) whether Ginsen it of the under and correct intended Min\n\nThe steamers Conference Carr have steamer, which loaded at 4.5. a Ports, of consigned\n\nSubstitute arrangements for Леся described (1) (&) (iii) under to delair to all Oluli a chore tired Goods boy",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-428 - Public Offices - 1915",
        "page_number": 220,
        "title": "CO129-428 - Public Offices - 1915",
        "content_text": "216\n\nCopy.\n\n(168590/15).\n\nCHINA\n\nTRADE AND TREATY,\n\nParaphrase of Telegram.\n\nTo Sir J. Jordan (Peking) Foreign Office.\n\nDecember 5th, 1915.\n\n3.15 p.m.\n\nNo: 282. (R).\n\nYour telegram No: 245 (of October 4th) and my telegram immediately preceding.\n\nFollowing arrangements are being made to enforce list system in Hongkong, Ceylon and Straits Settlements.\n\n(A) (1) Goods landed from any British, Allied or neutral ship for transhipment will be detained if consigned to a firm not on the White List or by a firm in China on the Black List.\n\n(2) If such goods are landed from a British or Allied ship, and the Colonial authorities decide, (after communication if necessary with British Consular Officer concerned) that satisfactory evidence is available they will be placed in the Prize Court.\n\n(B) Goods brought into port in transit and not for transhipment.\n\n(1) if on a neutral ship will not be interfered with;\n\n(2) if shipped from the United States on a ship of Conference lines will not be interfered with; or\n\n(3) on any other British or Allied vessel will be detained if consigned to or from firms on the Black List and placed in Prize Court if sufficient evidence is available.",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-428 - Public Offices - 1915",
        "page_number": 222,
        "title": "CO129-428 - Public Offices - 1915",
        "content_text": "218\n\nParaphrase of telegram to Mr Dering Pangh Foreign Office December 3. 15 fm. Yo With 139 (R) No. 126 preceding reference to my telegram my telegram immediately Following arrangements list system in Anglon, A (1) Goods being made Saltlarmants landed from every to and imforced and Hong Kong. British neutral shife if from transhipment to a Combined Quy ву a. Allind Ch will be not OT Omn oh Lla detained Black White List List \n\n(2) If such goods are allied ship and decide (after consultation that satisfactory tvidames Bios Siam finner im Siam landed from a Britis Colonial authorities you available if necessa they is workl be flound in the Prize Count fort OT Y a transit will not be in shifr \n\nB (1) Goods brought into neutral interfered with \n\n(2) Goods brought On British OK otherwise) will to firms firmo sufficient floed into port imm alliad ships (Conference be detained the erdener transit if consigned White List and the monte D Block List in the is available Prince Count such \n\n(3) Shufumanto J if by will be",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-428 - Public Offices - 1915.txt",
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    {
        "id": 460335,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-431 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [1-2]",
        "page_number": 468,
        "title": "CO129-431 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [1-2]",
        "content_text": "64\n\ncontraband) can be carried on by British subjects resident and trading in China with the subjects of hostile powers.\n\n1. Within the limits of China.\n\n2. Beyond these limits.\n\nConsul-General to Shanghai Branch\n\n(a) British subjects in China cannot claim a \"neutral domicile.\"\n\n(b) All contracts with enemy subjects are suspended or extinguished on declaration of war.\n\n(c) The courts of law are closed to each other's subjects and therefore no contract with an enemy subject can be enforced by legal process.\n\n(d) There is no question of a license for British subjects to go on trading with the enemy at their pleasure as though a state of war did not exist.\n\n(e) H.M. Government would not expect a British subject to forego a profit or incur a loss when no tangible gain to his country or damage to the enemy is involved.\n\n(f) Transactions wholly confined to China and coming within the terms of paragraph (c) are not reprehensible.\n\nThe line taken by the Foreign Office is as follows:-\n\nForeign Office to Shipping Conference.\n\n(1) The transactions prohibited in Proclamation of 9th September are transactions with Germany or Austria.\n\n(2) A German or Austrian whose commercial domicile is in China cannot be considered, for this purpose, \"resident or carrying on business in Germany or Austria.\"\n\n(3) It is not legally forbidden for British shipowners to accept shipments made by German or Austrian merchants from ports in the Far East to\n\nBritish,Alliedports\nor Neutral\n\n(a) provided that the shipper's commercial domicile is in a neutral or allied country.\n\n(b) and provided that no enemy territory is involved.\n\n(4) The transaction would be prohibited if it were in effect one with a firm or person established in enemy territory, the shipper in the neutral country being merely an Agent.\n\n(5) The shipowner must, if the goods to be carried are contraband, be satisfied that they are not intended ultimately for use in an enemy country.\n\n(6) Referring to No. 2 (F.O. 7/11/14).\n\nH.M. Government has never recognised the German claim that German concessions in China are German territory:\n\n(a) therefore it is prepared to make no distinction between Germans and Austrians resident in German concessions and those whose commercial domicile is situated elsewhere in China:\n\n(b) but regard both classes alike as being situated in a neutral country.\n\n(7) Re Article 6, Proclamation 9th September, which provides:\n\nWhere an Enemy has a branch locally situated in British, allied or neutral territory, not being neutral territory in Europe, transactions by or with such branch shall not be considered as transactions with or by an enemy.\n\nThe Foreign Office adds that the transaction in question must be really with the branch and not in effect with the Head Office.\n\nProclamation 9th September. Trading with the Enemy. Paragraph 3. The expression \"enemy\" in this Proclamation means:\n\nAny person or body of persons of whatever nationality resident or carrying on business in the enemy country:\n\nbut does not include:\n\npersons of enemy nationality who are neither resident nor carrying on business in the enemy country.\n\nChina Association Shanghai Circular to Members. October 26th.\n\n1. The shipping of cargo by a German firm in British bottoms to allied or neutral ports does not infringe the terms of the King's Proclamation.\n\n2. With the object of preventing or restricting supplies reaching the enemy through neutral countries, Marine Insurance Companies in England have agreed that all policies covering war risks to neutral countries shall contain the following clause:-\n\n\"Warranted free from any claim arising from capture, seizure, or detention by\n\n\"the British Government or their allies.\"\n\nPage 465",
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    {
        "id": 460337,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-431 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [1-2]",
        "page_number": 470,
        "title": "CO129-431 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [1-2]",
        "content_text": "68\n\nExtract from a letter from the Tientsin Branch, dated 17th November, 1914.\n\nThis question of trading with the enemy has been occupying the attention of my Committee for some considerable time, the opinion being very generally held that existing conditions permit an undesirable latitude to German and Austrian firms. I enclose a rough summary of a meeting of the Committee in conference with representatives of all interests in this Port from which you will gather an impression of local opinion. A copy of this summary has been forwarded to Shanghai, Hongkong, and Hankow, and at present we are in receipt of strong support from the last-named place. At the same time, His Majesty's Minister has been apprised of the existence of the views entertained locally on this important subject and is understood to be far from unsympathetic.\n\nWe shall keep you fully informed of the course of the discussion, and as you will gather from the enclosure in this connection, it is improbable that any action will take place unless there is a strong sense of unanimity in the chief trade centres as represented by the China Branches.\n\nMEMORANDUM BY CHAIRMAN OF TIENTSIN BRANCH ON TRADING WITH THE ENEMY.\n\nThis subject has been occupying the attention of my Committee for some considerable time, as it is thought that the present conditions permit an undesirable latitude in these relations. We presume that the conditions which prevail here are identical throughout the Treaty Ports of China. But in order that we may be sure that we stand on common ground, I enclose copies of two circulars dated the 13th October last, addressed to the British Banking and Shipping firms in this port. They represent the result of an express application to His Majesty's Minister for instructions.\n\nThe feeling here is very strong in several quarters that the position thus constituted is a very unsatisfactory one. It is thought that steps should be taken whereby German firms should be subjected to all possible commercial pressure. At the same time, every effort should be made to take advantage of the present situation to the permanent improvement of British trade at the expense of that of Germany.\n\nIn these circumstances, my Committee held a meeting last night, at which they met some fifteen representatives of the principal British interests, whom they had invited to join them in conference. The meeting was unanimous in the sense that representations should be made for the application of far more stringent conditions than those which\n\n69\n\nat present apply. The belief was expressed that full enquiry into trade conditions would show the soundness of such a course.\n\nThe following general lines of argument were developed:\n\n(1) In the Far East, it should be practicable to render German trade virtually impossible, subject to the condition of effective combination among the Allies.\n\n(2) It was recognised that the foundation of any action must rest in the main upon such disabilities, if any, as it might be found expedient to impose upon the Financial and Shipping interests.\n\n(3) The Financial and Shipping interests would suffer in the immediate future from any restrictions at the present time, but it was believed that this would only be of a temporary nature. The trade of China could not come to a standstill simply by reason of the Germans being compelled to remain inactive. The trade must find other channels, which, in practice, would be through houses of the Allied Powers.\n\n(4) The fact was not overlooked that British manufacturers would be deprived of several of the agencies through which they reach the Chinese. But here, too, the consequences would be only temporary. The trade would find its way largely into British hands. This would afford an opportunity for re-constituting the Import Trade on sound lines. This argument was strongly emphasised. It was pointed out that the valuable results thus achieved would long outlast the war. The economic effects of the war in Germany must spell the ruin of their credit system. British merchants had been robbed of a large share of their Import trade in past years by the unsound terms on which alone the bulk of the business could be done. But if the import trade were once established on sound lines, there could be no question of the British merchant's ability to compete with his German rival.\n\n(5) Incalculable harm is being done to British credit in China by the German campaign of calumny. Measures forcing the German houses to commercial inactivity, which in many cases would involve permanent extinction, would provide a practical answer which it is thought might bring something of the real truth home to the Chinese mind.\n\nSuch roughly may be said to be our position.\n\nThe meeting concluded by strengthening our Committee by the addition of four of those present to go into the matter from all points of view and prepare a memorandum for His Majesty's Minister. At the same time, it was determined to act in conjunction with the other branches of the China Association, and we shall submit to you a copy of the draft of our memorandum as soon as it is completed. But in the meantime, we shall be glad to hear from you by telegram whether you are of opinion that you will be able to accord your support to the general principle of the foregoing views.\n\n467",
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        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-432 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [3-5]",
        "page_number": 13,
        "title": "CO129-432 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [3-5]",
        "content_text": "based on\n\nOne\n\nprobably thinking\n\nstaffing\n\nGoods\n\nthose arrangements\n\nthe special agreement\n\nConference\n\ngo the\n\narrangements for\n\ntransit\n\nthe\n\nChuma\n\n+\n\nSiam\n\nBlock\n\nfrom\n\nLists\n\nhowever\n\nARKI\n\nthe\n\nwith\n\nNew York\n\nintended\n\nto\n\nstrengthen\n\nand\n\nthe\n\nhands\n\nof the Conference\n\nKamal's\n\nof actions\n\nshould\n\nbe\n\nbrought\n\nto\n\nGoods\n\nto compel enemy firms\n\nto carry\n\n* Stam\n\nin China\n\nRel\n\nMerzeen's\n\nrubber\n\nis\n\nnot\n\na\n\nList for\n\ncare of\n\nshipment\n\nbut\n\nshipment\n\nby\n\nRuch\n\ntoo\n\nneutral\n\nshift\n\ntel.\n\ncopy\n\nConnes\n\nin draft.\n\nto F.O.,\n\nU.e..\n\n4/3/16\n\nGoods in Kauait\n\namet on\n\nT. C. H.\n\nLFF\n\nin neutral\n\n: ships must not be shipped, but I don't see why goods should be allowed to go through on Br or other ship\n\nto person\n\nin Class 4:\n\nIn black list with aut\n\nThe publication of the Statutory black list will\n\nof course make the general\n\nblack list\n\nless\n\nimportant\n\nbut the new list will\n\naffect the United States at all, and shipments to the United States will form a large part of those passing through Hongkong I imagine.\n\nIf it were decided to try to stop transit goods\n\nto firms, there would be several possible alternatives\n\nany of which could I think be carried out under Ordinance\n\n32/1915 (see copy attached to 5664)\n\n(1) All goods consigned by or to such firms and\n\nbrought in British or allied ships could be stopped.\n\n(ii) All goods consigned to or by such firms by or\n\nto British or allied firms and brought in on British or\n\nallied ships could be stopped.\n\n(iii) We might stop all goods consigned by or to such firms and brought in British ships.\n\n(iv) We might stop all goods consigned by or to\n\nsuch firms to or by British or allied firms in British\n\nships.\n\n(v) We might stop all goods consigned by or to\n\nBritish firms in British ships to or by such firms,\n\nif we are to follow the lines laid down for applying the\n\n/E China Proclamation (See paragraph 8 of Draft to Hongkong 23rd December 56418) there would seem to be no\n\nreason why we should not adopt (i).\n\nAs however we are not openly treating persons\n\non the A list as enemies it may not be desirable to go\n\nso far in this case.\n\nWe should I think also consider whether we\n\nought not to send out some directions to Hongkong and elsewhere about treatment of shipments to persons on the Statutory Black lists.\n\nThe\n\nT/2 extension of Powers\n\nAct, 1915 applies only to persons resident etc. in the United Kingdom\n\nand",
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        "document_key": "CO129-433 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [5-6]",
        "page_number": 640,
        "title": "CO129-433 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [5-6]",
        "content_text": "# CANADA AND INDIA\n\nThe British Empire is apparently a disqualification. I do not wish to speak of retaliation, but, in my humble opinion, no so-called reciprocity will be worth anything if the colonist be not taught to respect the golden rule and to realize that the Indian's country is not for him to exploit at his sweet will. I have every hope that since out of evil cometh good, one beneficial result of this war will be that racial antagonism will to a large extent die out, and the white man will recognize that the brown or black man who fought side by side with him and shed his blood without stint does not deserve to be, and cannot be, despised. The time is coming for the adjustment of our differences in a true statesmanlike spirit, which will not divorce morality from politics and which will steer clear not only of all petty selfish prejudices, but also of all narrow, short-sighted, and degrading considerations. A fair settlement is all that we ask for.-Dr. Satish Chandra Banerji, in the **Indian Review**.\n\n## QUESTION UNDER CONSIDERATION\n\nIn regard to the \"representation\" referred to in the above article, and which was reprinted in full in the preceding number of **Canada and India** under the title \"The Status of Indians Within the Empire,\" this statement is made in the **Indian Review**, July: \"In connection with the memorial submitted to the Government on the question of the position of Indians in the colonies, and particularly in Canada, by the United Provinces Congress Committee, a reply has been received from the Government of the United Provinces, which says the whole question is under consideration of the Government of India, and matters dealt with in the memorial will receive their earnest attention in any negotiations which may be undertaken with the Colonial Governments with a view to arriving at a satisfactory solution of the difficulties which have arisen.\"\n\n## EMIGRATION AFTER THE WAR\n\nThe following expression of opinion regarding Indian emigration has an added interest because taken from an Anglo-Indian paper: \"The Governments of the Dominions must be prepared to cope with that spirit of adventure, and if they are wise they will prepare well beforehand, not in the old compromising spirit, but in a desire to deal justly and honourably with a proud race. The Government of India, too, must prepare by affording facilities for opening up Mesopotamia, that land of ancient glory and fertility, and by encouraging enterprise in the borderlands of India. It must remove restrictions that hamper the mobility of labour and operate against industries that need workers. But when the Government of India has done all that is possible to do to keep the labour it so badly needs itself in India, there will still remain a number of adventurous souls who will turn to distant lands. These are the men with whom our Dominions must deal, and if the bitterness of the past is to be avoided an early endeavour should be made to arrive at a fair and honourable scheme for their admission.\"-**Calcutta Englishman**.\n\n## INDIA IN FINAL WAR SETTLEMENT\n\nCommenting on why India should have a voice in the final settlement of the issues of this war, the **Bombay Chronicle** says: \n\n\"In view of the beginning that has already been made in the new relations of intimate confidence and consultation with the Dominions, it is but natural that India should not only expect a measure of confidence to be extended to her, but that she should be anxious to know why responsible Ministers are loath to assure her equally with the Dominions that her aspiration will not be ignored. One would prefer to leave the public discussion of these matters on one side at the present moment, and there is every desire to avoid controversy and embarrassment to the Government, but what is to be done when we find the Minister in charge of the interests of the colonies going out of his way amidst the plaudits of the public to announce the new rights and privileges to be enjoyed by the Dominions as a direct response to their services and loyal devotion to the Mother Country in the war, while the Minister for India is silent as to the part which India is to be allowed to play? In the face of the loquacity of Mr. Bonar Law, the silence of Mr. Chamberlain is likely to be given a sinister interpretation in this country. It is incumbent upon the Secretary of State to announce whether India is to be consulted or not, even if he is not prepared to tell us in what form she will be represented in the Imperial Council Chamber.\"\n\n## WHAT BRITAIN SHOULD DO\n\nNow, what is the dominant note of the French civilization? It is liberty, equality, and fraternity. Perhaps it stands on an even higher moral plane than the British civilization. This high standard of moral conception of human relationship was attained by the French nation after it had passed through the volcanic stage of the Revolution. It is the next higher stage to the ideal aimed at by British culture, and is not antagonistic, but allied to it. The whole system of French Government is based on the recognition of this ideal, and the spirit of its administration is permeated by it. In the words of Mr. Cloudesley Brereton in the **Hibbert Journal**, in the modern French Empire, there is no second-class citizens. Rightly or wrongly, there is no colour line in French citizenship. The inhabitant of Senegal, of Tahiti, or Madagascar, is treated, is regarded, just as much a French citizen as the inhabitants of Paris or Marseilles; and, what is more important, he regards himself as such, and is proud of belonging to a nation which he hears described as the finest in the world. This appeal is not first and foremost to his desire for good Government, or even to his sense of justice. It is to his sense of dignity as a human creature. It is to this ideal to which the British Government must approximate in order to achieve a full measure of success in Britain's associations with India.-The **Allahabad Leader**.\n\n## A NOTABLE BIRTHDAY\n\nMr. Dadabhai Naoroji, who is called India's Grand Old Man and the father of Indian political reform, saw his 90th birthday on September 4th. It is comparatively rare for an Indian public man to attain great age, and since his retirement some years ago his birthday has been regarded as a national anniversary. Some of the leading English papers had interesting references to the event.\n\n### THE FIRST INDIAN M.P.\n\nIt is certainly interesting to recall that the little white-headed Parsee who was an energetic London member in the last Gladstonian House of Commons, was born so long ago as 1825, more than thirty years before the rule of the East India Company was merged in that of the Crown, and a long time before the gallant Sikhs, now fighting with us in Flanders and the Dardanelles, were incorporated in the British Empire. Mr. Naoroji, who kept up his activities until he was past four score, now lives in retirement near Bombay. The Viceroy always sends him a birthday telegram, and so do many other dignitaries, who bear no malice towards an old opponent, and like to think of the aged agitator as in these days a very fervent supporter of the Imperial cause.-The **Pall Mall Gazette**.\n\n### ADVOCATE OF GREAT REFORMS\n\nHe has lived to see a great part of the programme for which he fought adopted by the Imperial Government and much of his criticism of the economic basis of the Indian revenue system admitted by all impartial enquirers. When Mr. Naoroji began the labours that lasted without intermission until his final return to India, eight years ago, his countrymen were not admitted to the Indian Civil Service, or even to the Legislative Councils. They sit now in the Viceroy's Cabinet and preside over departments of State, are elected by popular franchise to seats in the Councils, and not seldom dominate the University Senates and the High Court bench. There is still a great deal to be done, as the war has made everybody realize, before the Government is brought into harmony with the reasonable claims of the Indian people. But it is rare indeed for any reformer to enjoy so great a measure of fulfilment as this fine old Indian can reflect upon to-day.-The **Manchester Guardian**.\n\n(The University of Bombay conferred the honorary degree of LL.D. on Mr. Naoroji the other day.)\n\n## CANADA\n\n### INDIA AND IMPERIAL CONFERENCE\n\nReuter's Agency at Ottawa has been busy of late. On September 23rd the following appeared in the Canadian papers: \n\nA special despatch from Simla announces that India's place in the councils of the Empire was discussed at an important meeting of the Imperial Legislative Council today, and that a resolution will be forwarded to London requesting that measures be taken to have India represented at the next Council of the Empire, as are the various overseas Dominions and dependencies.\n\nThe resolution, which was moved by the Hon. Khan Bahadur Mian Muhammad Shafi, asked that India in future be officially represented at conferences of the British Empire, the request to be forwarded to the Secretary of State for India.\n\n### VICEROY IN SYMPATHY\n\nLord Hardinge, the Viceroy, affirmed that the Government of India gladly accepted this important resolution, which had his warmest sympathy, adding that if Council adopted it his Government would readily comply with the recommendation. The Viceroy proceeded to recapitulate what had occurred at previous conferences.\n\nThe ultimate decision at the next meeting of the conference rested with the conference itself. If India were admitted, said his Excellency, it would appear reasonable that she should be represented by the Secretary and one or two other officials from India.\n\nLord Hardinge dwelt upon the difficulties and obstacles in the way of carrying out the request, but laid emphasis upon the fact that the Imperial Government, without committing themselves regarding its principles or details, would give most careful consideration to the Legislative Council's resolution, although the ultimate decision of the Imperial Government must necessarily depend largely upon the attitude of the other members of the conference. He thought this pledge eminently satisfactory, as showing due appreciation of India's claims, to which, he trusted, the Governments of the overseas Dominions would give sympathetic consideration.\n\n### BRITAIN'S BEST CUSTOMER\n\nMuch had happened since the last Imperial Conference, said the Viceroy, and India's size and population, her wealth, her military resources, and her patriotism demanded suitable representation. She could not be disregarded when great Imperial issues were debated in which she was concerned. To discuss questions of the defence of the Empire without counting upon India, he declared, would be ignoring the value of the Empire's greatest military asset, outside the United Kingdom itself. To discuss trade questions without India would be disregarding Britain's best customer. To concede India direct representation in future Imperial Conferences would be no revolutionary or far-reaching concession to Indian opinion or to her just claims.\n\n\"I feel confident,\" said Lord Hardinge in conclusion, \"that when the question is placed in its true light before the Governments of the Dominions they will regard it from the widest angle of vision, from which we hope other Indian questions may be viewed in the near future, so that the people of India may, in the words of Mr. Asquith, feel that they are conscious members of a living partnership extending all over the world under the same flag.\"\n\n### INDIA'S PLACE IN THE EMPIRE\n\nIt is right to mention here that India in a sort of way has been represented at the meetings of the Imperial Conference by the official class, but what the Indian public now want is an Indian representative of the Indian people. This is shown by the unanimous way in which the Indian members of the Council asked for it in the Council chamber.\n\n### COMMENTS OF THE CANADIAN PRESS\n\n| Newspaper        | Comment                                                                                                                                 |\n|------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|\n| **Toronto Star** | \"The question of the representation of India in the Imperial Conference is likely to become practical soon...\"                        |\n|                  | \"Why should not the representatives of India go into consultation with those of Canada?...\"                                          |\n| **Toronto World**| \"With the endorsation of the Viceroy, the Indian Council has forwarded to the Secretary of State for India a request...\"               |\n| **Mail and Empire** | \"The time has come for taking India into the Councils of the whole Empire...\"                                                       |\n| **Toronto Globe**| \"It will be interesting for British people everywhere to watch the effect of the present war and the coming peace...\"                |\n\nThe **Toronto Star** referring to it says: \"The question of the representation of India in the Imperial Conference is likely to become practical soon. At present the conference is one of self-governing commonwealths only. But it is purely advisory, has no legislative power, and there does not appear to be any insuperable difficulty in the way of allowing representatives of India to take part in a conference. Why should not the representatives of India go into consultation with those of Canada? The Imperial Legislative Council of India wants this, and their request is supported by Lord Hardinge, the Viceroy. Questions relating to Indian migration into the colonies have come before the conference, but no representative of India was present. Now, the way to settle this question of Indian migration is by friendly discussion between the representatives of India and those of Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.\"\n\nThe **Toronto World** writes: \"With the endorsation of the Viceroy, the Indian Council has forwarded to the Secretary of State for India a request that India be hereafter represented at the Imperial Conference. When acknowledging its receipt, Mr. Chamberlain stated that inasmuch as the composition of the conference is a matter for the conference itself, the overseas Dominions must be consulted before a more definite reply can be given. Few, however, of those conscious of the evolution and development of the British Empire will refuse sympathetic consideration of the claim made by the Indian Government, or fail to recognize that it can be supported on real and weighty grounds.\"\n\nThe **Mail and Empire** of Toronto expresses the opinion that \"The Imperial Legislative Council will forward to London a resolution in favour of the admission of representatives of India to the Imperial Conference. The petition is not likely to be denied. Before replying to it the British Government will doubtless communicate with the several Dominion Governments, whose concurrence will decide the matter. The time has come for taking India into the Councils of the whole Empire.\"\n\nWhilst the **Toronto Globe** comments thus: \"It will be interesting for British people everywhere to watch the effect of the present war and the coming peace on the minds of the Indian peoples. The cheerful loyalty and self-sacrificing courage of the Hindu soldiers in the war have made it inevitable that some change shall take place in their status as citizens.\"\n\n### CANADA MUST BE COSMOPOLITAN\n\nAn Italian in Welland writes to the **Star** protesting against a real estate handbill in which a certain locality is described as desirable because foreigners are barred. Our correspondent is quite right in his view that the alliance of which we now form part ought to break down instead of increasing racial prejudice. It need hardly be said that we should be generous to the Hindus, who are members of the British Empire, and whose brethren are fighting for our cause in France and at the Dardanelles. A broad-minded Imperialist must necessarily be a cosmopolitan, absolutely free from racial prejudice.-The **Star**.\n\n### IS IT FAIR?\n\nWhen our Aryan forefathers broke up their homes in Southern Asia, some of them went to India. When that Empire was added to Britain, Queen Victoria gave these, our Indian cousins, her pledge (and her son Edward and her grandson George have since reiterated that pledge), in which she said: \"We hold ourselves bound to the natives of our Indian territories by the same obligations of duty which bind us to all our other subjects.\"\n\nIn 1911, an ex-soldier from India who had settled in Canada went home to bring out his wife and child. On his return they were detained under bond of $1,000, and were admitted after three months' litigation, but only as an act of grace.\n\nAbout 2,500 of these fellow-citizens from India are in Canada, the great majority of them being Sikhs. Only five of these men's wives have thus far been admitted. Yet they are the husbands of one wife each; they are distinguished loyalists, having saved the Empire at the time of the mutiny. They have fought in Asia and Africa, and are now fighting in Europe for our \"free institutions\" with a bravery unsurpassed, and are showing a generosity which is the admiration of the Empire.\n\nIs it not time for us to think what our treatment of them on the western coast looks like to them? Is it not time for our Government to \"clean house\" in this matter? Turkish Mohammedans, who would have several wives if they dared, enjoy all the privileges of other Europeans in this Dominion, and are allowed to bring wives and children here; why should our own fellow-citizens, who are bearing the burdens of the Empire and are superior to the Mohammedan in every way, have their wives and children excluded?-**Public Health Journal**.\n\n### SIKH CITIZENS OF THE EMPIRE\n\nJ. A. M. writes: \"Before even the claims of the Japanese, 'an Imperial ally,' come the Imperial rights of the Sikh, a British citizen. In his case, more than in that of the Japanese citizen, has been 'seen the conflict of Imperial and domestic considerations.' And whilst in the handling of the case of the alien there was at least a savor of diplomacy, in the handling of that of the Sikh there has been little but prevarication. Would it not be possible at this most interesting time, when Sikh and Canadian blood has flowed freely on the Flanders fields, in a blood brotherhood of opposition to the present-day enemies of humanity and freedom to speak out once more a word on their behalf?\"\n\nFor those interested who want to know more about India, we call attention to the following books, which, as well as copies of **Canada and India**, can be obtained from McAinsh & Co., Ltd., Publishers, 4 College Street, Toronto: \n1. `Web of Indian Life` by the Sister Nivedita (Margaret Noble)\n2. `Religion of the Sikhs` by Dorothy Field.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-433 - Governor Sir May - 1916 [5-6].txt",
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    {
        "id": 467881,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-442 - Governor Sir May - 1917 [4-6]",
        "page_number": 184,
        "title": "CO129-442 - Governor Sir May - 1917 [4-6]",
        "content_text": "81\n\n.90′′endoj to zadna20 ferensi szodNKOH\n\n.TIBI,YTSU78b .438 •RAONRAOK\n\n. Y900\n\nAITADAJO\n\nsubject of the Conference was Trade during and after the War, and in part reply to your enquiries I enclose copy of a letter addressed to Mr. Rose outlining the views of the Chamber at that time.\n\n.109 to rettel “voy sabefwondos of betoarib ma I\n\naft mort havloer Katarseh a to vợɔo antroroo jasi radaɔyou Inforəmçü eft anthrgast avinodod set tot adatu to vratoto92 voita e-kama est tuatiquorft betqoba eď od votiɔ¶ Intajaubni bas\n\nawa tw e'maduse alv) to Jusmaista a “ot antxas bas\n\n20W BEJ\n\n•NOOTINJ\n\nto tasmejat 993 bna oblw on at fast,duo edi mtest stað at Jaft betray on antama and to atraq inozsttib 159tdua est #32w Ineh od srutnov timo naŋ sajikamoŭ ya,zigst Ilaa teatra vпoloɔ Bidd to winstein? add dilw has zenti boord no\n\n.abaka atsdt at\n\netaja of eIda-İnað sunda ji sosig tart out xl\n\n•\n\neft of saltsig” voliog vra of notfærabianos antvią ni jast taum bzavot sub (\"AW ONI Wojta yntaubal bus sozenmod to 83974OTĘ shar. to sidsokjosen 99 \"at as 377276tntam set of navta ad pala ext as hielt nrafaad wat alið at basstidstas yösemis vijaubal bas elditadoo si na rat sa at jait iizotto atsor quam to fluser\n\nɔt mexat ad don bluona sa, ta\n\n• max set to notjuosadną odd ddiw\n\nsoranki 90′′amwoo mmojada no blow tasaɔng a'ertama odd nexaow\n\nBet at,latinonao at j♪ mossen att mot bas „ŢIjBubal bas jeza gut al bra sort has of mistulam of ‚onigus est to ata zojnł at neowded afqgua uløtulas of natqqkde to noftrogozą sub a vIqqus Noua oala itaas at bra onique sit to stalog tæɔ-strib\n\nof Fra pas trJaubež daljina mot berlupar aď you as imitetaa to\n\nacito!790xe to nea to teďzun YTS90659A sad doqe est no sv13887\n\n..Iaosą bna shard aretasz at\n\nedt Tebau sone\"ət750 8 asw SIDHJ 9\"873 97a ung Ba\n\nnobrod at an omend to [tonuoð [atzəqal datting ext to asolqaum\n\n+\n\nS a908 .H .0\n\nF\n\n**t (onsTatnoj dat je bas 1 Z00% JBB) to anul et\n\n▼nood ak to toxuod evijaistaed ext to Teder: mammot\n\nBalhes! *** .90mam00 to \"sďasto zgodanol e¤‡ bojás89%SI\n\nI am directed to supplement this with the following points of importance to this Colony which have occurred to my Committee.\n\n## IMPORTS. EXPORTS & INDUSTRIES.\n\nHongkong is essentially a great shipping port and Trade emporium and as such cannot be dissociated from the neighbouring state of China which indeed provided the most important commercial field for Hongkong enterprise. Whatever Imperial policy is adopted for the future, in the interest of Hongkong, provision must be made for its peculiar relationship with China, and no measures should be taken which would be likely to be detrimental to the further expansion of the import and export trade with China; and Tariff Regulation should provide for these circumstances. As a shipping port it is essential to foster and stimulate the important ship and Engine repairing and Dry Docking facilities, also the Ship and Engine building establishments which at present exist. The shipbuilding plants which are actively employed in replacing depleted tonnage are now an important Imperial asset of recognised service to the Empire.\n\nThe considerable Sugar Refining industry should also be protected in any measures which may affect them as also such industries as the Cement and Rope works.\n\nThe export trade in Chinese produce is open to further development, which would be stimulated by the scientific adoption by Great Britain of produce previously largely exported to the Central Powers, where various products such as Essential Oils, Cantharides, Hides, Human Hair, Woodoil, Cocoanut oil, Peanut oil, Star Aniseed, Gallnuts, Tobacco, Tea, Bristles, and Soy were subjected to scientific treatment and re-exported to the allied countries in manufactured form. This",
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    {
        "id": 467900,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-442 - Governor Sir May - 1917 [4-6]",
        "page_number": 203,
        "title": "CO129-442 - Governor Sir May - 1917 [4-6]",
        "content_text": "201\n\non\n\nEnclosure 4.\n\nThe China Mail.\n\nHONGKONG, FRIDAY, April 20, 1917.\n\nSHALL THE GERMANS COME BACK?\n\n27\n\nA\n\nAs\n\nLast year the Hongkong Government forwarded to the Chamber of Commerce a copy of a Despatch received from the Secretary of State for the Colonies regarding the commercial and industrial policy to be adopted throughout the Empire after the war. Accompanying the Despatch was a copy of the \"Recommendations of the Economic Conference of the Allies,\" and it was intimated by Mr. BONAR LAW that a committee had been appointed to consider the commercial and industrial policy of the United Kingdom after the War, with special reference to the conclusions of the Allied Conference. A considered statement was invited of the views of the local Government on the Recommendations of the Conference and on the questions submitted to the Committee.\n\nBearing on the question asked in the heading of this article, we may note that one of the recommendations of the Allied Conference reads: \"In order to defend their commerce, their industry, their agriculture and their navigation against economic aggression resulting from dumping or any other mode of unfair competition, the Allies decide to fix by agreement a period of time during which the commerce of the enemy powers shall be submitted to special treatment and the goods originating in their countries shall be subjected either to prohibitions or to a special régime of an effective character. The Allies will determine by agreement through the special diplomatic channels conditions to be imposed during the above-mentioned period on ships of the enemy powers.\"\n\nAfter due consideration of these Recommendations of the Conference, a letter was written to the Government on behalf of the Committee of the Chamber in which it was stated:\n\nB.\n\nHongkong is essentially a great shipping port and Trade emporium and as such cannot be dissociated from the neighbouring state of China which indeed provides the most important field for commercial Hongkong enterprise. Whatever Imperial policy is adopted for the future, in the interest of Hongkong provision must be made for its peculiar relationship with China, and no measures should be taken which would be likely to be detrimental to the further expansion of the import and export trade with China; any Tariff Regulation should provide for these circumstances.\n\nAnother paragraph in the same letter reads:\n\nIt would seem impracticable in these days of Trade and interwoven interests to permanently bar the return of present enemies, although this would tend towards sounder commercial conditions; but a strong advocacy exists for deferring their return for a minimum period of ten years after the declaration of Peace, and when allowed to return to the Colony it is urged that it should be only under Licence, in similar manner to which British Merchants submit in Russia.\n\nWe quote these extracts because of their bearing on the discussion which took place in the Legislative Council chamber yesterday when the Hon Mr. HOLYOAK, the representative of the Chamber of Commerce on the Council, moved a resolution affirming that in the opinion of the Council it is in the best interest of the Colony of Hongkong that persons of German nationality should be excluded therefrom for a period of at least ten years following the declaration of Peace; and that, subsequently, they be only admitted into the Colony under strict license. Be it noted that the motion did not propose that the Council should forthwith pass an ordinance to that effect, but merely expressed an opinion as to the advisability of such legislation — an opinion which would in due course be communicated to the Imperial authorities who have the shaping of the economic policy of the Empire.\n\nThe local Government, supported by the two Chinese members of the Council, emphatically registered its opinion that these measures are not in the best interests of the Colony. Since \"shipping is the life-blood of the Colony,\" and \"the prosperity of this Colony depends on our remain-\n\nt.",
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    },
    {
        "id": 467901,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-442 - Governor Sir May - 1917 [4-6]",
        "page_number": 204,
        "title": "CO129-442 - Governor Sir May - 1917 [4-6]",
        "content_text": "\"ing as far as possible a free port,\" it is the considered opinion of the Government of the Colony that we must not allow our sentiment of detestation of the crimes committed by the Germans to outweigh the practical contribution which their presence here on the old terms would make to the future prosperity of the Colony! It is an amazing message to go forth to the world from a British Colony at the present time. We had no expectation that the Government would commit itself to the Hon Mr. HOLYOAK's motion, but we were scarcely prepared to see the opposition take the form of a conviction on the part of every official member of the Council that the proposals contained in the resolution are not \"in the interests of the Colony.\" It is not a convincing reply to the resolution to say that the men who have played a leading part in the commercial life of the Colony during the past thirty or forty years have held views strongly opposed to any restriction of the trade and commerce of the port. Times change, and we change with them, and we should be much surprised to learn that \"the big men,\" whose names \n\nHis EXCELLENCY introduced in the course of his speech were found to-day out of sympathy with a motion which embodies the considered views of the men who are now carrying on the trade of the Colony. The defeat of the motion in the Council raises once more the question as to who are the best judges of what is \"in the best interests of the Colony\" - the Government, or the general body of commercial men who carry on the Colony's trade? It discloses also that so far as Hongkong is concerned the local Government is out of sympathy with the general tenor of the Paris Conference. The value of the discussion in the Legislative Council is that it makes clear what the attitude of the Colony is towards these proposals, and we think the discussion will be read abroad with no little amazement. Everybody must agree with His Excellency the \n\nGeneral when he said the great Imperial question could not be overlooked, but can we believe that there will be a lasting peace with such a foe as Germany if immediately the war is over we offer her the old facilities for building up the trade which the war has interrupted! We have every confidence that the Allies will do their best to secure that it shall be lasting, and that end can be achieved in no surer way than by the adoption of such means as the Hon Mr. HOLYOAK's motion suggests - means which are in accord with the recommendations of the Allied Economic Conference.\n\nPage 202",
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    {
        "id": 467904,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-442 - Governor Sir May - 1917 [4-6]",
        "page_number": 207,
        "title": "CO129-442 - Governor Sir May - 1917 [4-6]",
        "content_text": "Fondosure \n\n4.\n\nTHE \n\nHONGKONG DAILY PRESS,\n\nSATURDAY, APRIL \n\n21st, 1917.\n\nHONGKONG'S MESSAGE TO THE EMPIRE AND THE ALLIES.\n\nIt was, of course, a foregone conclusion that the Government would refuse to endorse the resolution submitted by the Committee of the Hongkong General Chamber of Commerce, through their Chairman, the Hon. Mr. P. H. HOLYOAK, in favour of excluding Germans from the Colony for ten years after the war and re-admitting them, at the end of that period, only on strict licence. It is perfectly safe to say, however, that the reason given for their action was not anticipated. The belief prevailed that the Government would decline to commit themselves on a matter that involved the question of Imperial policy. The speeches of the unofficial British members showed this, by laying stress on the fact that the Council were being invited not to initiate legislation on the subject but merely to place an expression of opinion before the Secretary of State for the Colonies, who is entrusted with the responsibility of representing Hongkong and the other Crown Colonies at the forthcoming Imperial Conference.\n\nFar from adopting an attitude of humility, however, and pleading that as Civil Servants they could not presume even to offer advice unsolicited to the Home Authorities, the Government boldly declared that they could not accept the motion \"on its merits,\" for they were \"not convinced that it was in the interest of the Colony.\" This is a remarkable change of attitude since the proposal to cancel Enemy Trade Marks was viewed in the light under discussion.\n\nIn view of the arguments by which it was supported, it showed scant respect for the policy outlined in the resolutions passed by the Allied Economic Conference or in the recent report of Lord BALFOUR of Burleigh's Committee. Indeed, it may be said of the Government of Hongkong that they have learned nothing and forgotten nothing, as a result of the War. This, perhaps, is not surprising, for they are a comfortable distance from the scene of the strife, and the official creed has always been summed up in the words: \"As it was in the beginning, is now, and ever shall be.\"\n\nOn purely economic grounds we regard the case on behalf of unrestricted commercial intercourse with all the nations of the world as unassailable, but, as Mr. BONAR LAW declared a short time ago in the House of Commons, the question is not one now merely of pounds, shillings and pence. Lord BALFOUR'S Committee, too, while frankly acknowledging that to some of them measures which may act in restraint of trade are \"in the abstract distasteful,\" wisely and courageously recognised, \"with the experience gained in the war,\" that no \"abstract opinions\" ought to hinder what is best for the Empire.\n\nSo far as this little outpost of Empire is concerned, the European commercial community are convinced that, both from a sentimental and a practical point of view, the exclusion of the Germans, with their unsavoury record in trade and war, would be a salutary step. They recognise that, in such an event, they might encounter German competition from new centres, but they are confident that this can be met successfully, and they are prepared to face it, especially in view of the fact that German firms are not likely for years to come to enjoy the great assistance which they received before the war from British banks and discount houses in London.\n\nThis, be it remembered, is the opinion of practical men of affairs who have successfully piloted large businesses through the stress and difficulties caused by the unprecedented dislocation of trade during the past two and a half years. By whom is this opinion opposed? The official majority, reinforced by two nominated Chinese members, who admit that they have not consulted the Chinese Chamber of Commerce. The Hon. Mr. LAU CHU-PAK and his colleague favour the policy of \"Wait-and-See.\" Though declaring themselves in sympathy with the idea of placing Germans under strict licence they did not venture to move an amendment on these lines.\n\nThe fear of finding Hongkong isolated, by which they are afflicted, and upon which H. E. the GOVERNOR seized with such eagerness, is purely chimerical, because there is not the remotest possibility that the Imperial Government will deal with...",
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    {
        "id": 468251,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-443 - Governor Sir May - 1917 [7-9]",
        "page_number": 14,
        "title": "CO129-443 - Governor Sir May - 1917 [7-9]",
        "content_text": "Enclosure\n\nHongkong General Chamber of Commerce.\n\nSir,\n\nHongkong, 9th June, 1917.\n\nI am directed to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of 6th April last (No. 3679/1916) enclosing a copy of an \"Interim Report on the Importation of Goods from the Present Enemy Countries after the War\" presented by Lord Balfour of Burleigh's Committee on Commercial and Industrial Policy, and requesting the views of this Chamber thereon.\n\nMy Committee have assumed that their views have been requested on the subject matter of the Report as affecting the Empire generally and not merely this Colony.\n\nThey have based their views on the assumption that the Allies will be able to dictate the terms on which peace will be granted, but realise that the policy to be adopted with regard to enemy goods will be largely governed by the peace terms the Allies are able to insist upon.\n\nSubject to the above, my Committee have come to the following conclusions:-\n\n1. That they are inclined to agree with Sir Alfred Booth's memorandum, and to think that the objects of the Paris Economic Conference can be better attained by a tariff.\n\n2. That prohibition of imports required in the United Kingdom which cannot be obtained within the Dominions or from the Allied Nations would be detrimental to our own interests.\n\n3. That facilities and where necessary assistance should be afforded to British Industries which have been inaugurated since the war began for the manufacture of articles of trade which had previously been largely in the hands of enemy countries.\n\n4. That little progress can be made with 2 and 3 above without first consulting the self-Governing Overseas Dominions, in order to arrive at some basis of negotiation with the Allied Nations and",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-443 - Governor Sir May - 1917 [7-9].txt",
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    {
        "id": 468450,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-443 - Governor Sir May - 1917 [7-9]",
        "page_number": 213,
        "title": "CO129-443 - Governor Sir May - 1917 [7-9]",
        "content_text": "20.\n\n18\n\n-\n\n203\n\nThe Hon. Mr. HOLYOAK-May I express to you, gentlemen, before you leave, the appreciation of the Committee of the Chamber of Commerce in what amounts to a vote of confidence in us. (Applause) Believe me, the work of the Committee of the Chamber and of its representative is by no means light, and it would certainly not be carried on for one single moment if the Committee or its representative did not feel behind them the united opinion of the Chamber. (Applause.)\n\nDuring the whole debate; I was in a position peculiarly favourable both as to seeing and hearing, for I faced H. E. the Governor, and not only heard every word he said but noted particularly the inflection of his voice, and I can assure you that the impression conveyed to my mind was that the slight on this Chamber was intentional.\n\nI would specially call your attention to the following paragraph in Mr. Holyoak's speech:-\n\nFinally, remind you the views I have endeavoured, however incompetently, to set forth are unitedly shared and endorsed by the Committee of the Chamber of Commerce, which, at a recent meeting specially convened to consider the whole matter, unanimously adopted the identical motion on which I am now addressing you. The composition of this Committee is so well known to your Excellency and this Council that I am certain its carefully considered opinion will not fail to carry the weight it deserves with the Secretary of State for the Colonies.\" In this H. E. the Governor was clearly informed of the unanimity existing, and there is therefore less excuse for that which transpired. (Applause.)\n\nI understand that His Excellency the Governor has stated that a wrong construction has been put upon what he said, but I regret, very much, with all respect, that, having been present and having weighed the point most carefully, I, for one, cannot accept this explanation. (Hear, hear.) Fortunately, this matter can be judged by you all on its own merits, and I therefore leave it to you to show by your voting unanimously for the resolution that you take exception to the way in which this Chamber, through its representative, was slighted, and its considered opinion brought to nought. (Applause.)\n\nThe Hon. Mr. HOLYOAK-I am glad that the burden of proposing or seconding this resolution has not fallen to me as your Chairman. I say this because I was present and deeply interested in what took place. I also felt and expressed the resentment, which I can perfectly clearly see is also felt deeply by you, in the Council. There I propose to leave the matter. But it is due to His Excellency that I should tell you that he sent for me on Saturday, and in the course of an interview he again explained to me that he could not see how I or anyone else could possibly place upon his words the interpretation which we have done. And it is also due to him to say that he said he never intended any such interpretation at all. Be that as it may, gentlemen, when utterances are made by public men, be they governors or be they politicians, they must accept responsibility for the spoken word. (Hear, hear.) And in the absence of any public withdrawal, as public as the statement was made, we have no other course but to make allusion to them.\n\nThe resolution was then put to the meeting and carried unanimously.\n\nIn reply to Mr. Bell, the CHAIRMAN said that the resolutions would be forwarded to the Secretary of State for the Colonies and also to the Committee of the United Chambers of Commerce at Home.\n\nMr. FORBES-The question of the exclusion of the Germans is one on which I think the majority of the members of this Chamber have made up their minds. We do not want the Germans here, we are quite capable of carrying on the trade of the port without them, and we must decline to have anything more to do with them. If there are any friends of the Kaiser in this Colony, I would like to say that we have no use for them and we will do everything we possibly can to defeat their aims to restore German shipping and business here after the war. As the Government is against us, we should, I think, cable fully to the London Chamber of Commerce and other Chambers in the Empire to ask for their support and ask them to take the matter up to arrive at a decision. I would propose, instead of a period of 10 years, that it would be better to leave this for the Imperial Government in order that the question may be discussed fully. There are many members of the community who are not represented at this meeting and it would be well to ascertain their views. I therefore propose that we should have a public meeting at as early a date as possible.\n\nMr. LOUGHLIN seconded.\n\nThe Hon. Mr. HOLYOAK said that at an early date an endeavour would be made to hold such a meeting. He had been inundated with letters and telephone calls asking him to make that meeting public, but he had to explain that it was a private meeting of the Chamber of Commerce and that only members would be allowed to vote. They would try and arrange a meeting for Thursday at the Theatre Royal, if it were possible.\n\nThis was all the business.\n\nCROWDED PUBLIC MEETING AT THE THEATRE ROYAL,\n\nRESOLUTION CARRIED WITH ONLY TWO DISSENTIENTS.\n\nA crowded and enthusiastic public meeting was held at the Theatre Royal, Hongkong, on April 26th, with the democratic object of giving everybody an opportunity of expressing his views on the question of excluding Germans from the Colony after the war. The meeting was presided over by Mr. H. P. White, who was supported on the platform by the Hon. Mr. P. H. HOLYOAK (Chairman of the General Chamber of Commerce and representative of the Chamber on the Legislative Council), and the Hon. Mr. H. E. Pollock, K.C. (representative of the Justices of the Peace on the Legislative Council).\n\nThe Hon. Mr. P. H. HOLYOAK was accorded a great ovation when he rose to address the meeting. He said, Gentlemen, I have brought this resolution before you at a public meeting because I was inundated with letters and telephonic messages and enquiries as to whether the general public of Hongkong could attend the meeting of the Chamber of Commerce, and I was obliged to say \"I am afraid you can neither attend, nor can you vote if you do attend, because you are not qualified to do so,\" And in every case the reply was this:-\"Will you arrange a public meeting so that we can have a voice?\" That is why I have ventured to call you together this evening, and I am confident that you will endorse the resolution which I am going to put before you. (Applause.)\n\nThe Chairman and the gentlemen supporting him were greeted with loud and prolonged applause when they appeared upon the stage to take their seats.\n\nThe CHAIRMAN, who was given a rousing reception, said:-Ladies and gentlemen, this meeting has been called in response to a widely-expressed wish that the commercial public of Hongkong, outside of the Chamber of Commerce, should be given an opportunity of expressing their views in regard to the exclusion of Germans from the Colony for a prescribed period after the conclusion of the war. We all realise and recognise that this question is one of Imperial policy, and, as such, it will ultimately be determined by the Imperial Government, which no doubt, will be guided in arriving at a decision by the attitude adopted by the Allied and other Powers. All we maintain is that the commercial community of this Colony has an undoubted right to express its opinion on the question at issue (applause) and that its views should be transmitted through the proper channels to those at Home who will represent the Colony at the Imperial Conference when the time for doing so has arrived. (Applause.) I now call upon the Hon. Mr. P. H. Holyoak to propose a resolution, which will be open for discussion after it has been seconded, and I ask, gentlemen, that the discussion shall be allowed to proceed without undue heat, and that tolerance may be shown towards those who may express views which do not coincide with our own. (Applause.)\n\n\"That it is the opinion of this meeting that it is in the best interests of the Colony that persons of German nationality should be excluded therefrom for a prescribed period of years following the declaration of peace, and that subsequently they be only admitted to the Colony under strict licence.\"\n\nNow, gentlemen, you will notice a very slight difference between the terms of this resolution and that which was adopted by the Chamber of Commerce. In the Chamber resolution, as you know, we had the words \"for a period of ten years,\" and, in speaking to that resolution in the Chamber, I said that I meant that the Chamber does not really care whether it is for ten years or for ever-(applause) or whether it may seem wiser to the Imperial powers, to whom all these questions must be referred, that it shall be only for a period of shorter duration. But we are determined that whatever duration it shall be for they shall never come back except upon terms by which we can control them. (Applause.)",
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    {
        "id": 469624,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-445 - Public Offices - 1917",
        "page_number": 498,
        "title": "CO129-445 - Public Offices - 1917",
        "content_text": "CROWDED PUBLIC MEETING AT THEATRE ROYAL.\n\nTHE RESOLUTION CARRIED WITH ONLY TWO DISSENTIENTS.\n\nA crowded and enthusiastic public meeting was held at the Theatre Royal, Hong Kong, on April 20th, with the democratic object of giving everybody an opportunity of expressing his views on the question of excluding Germans from the Colony after the war. The meeting was presided over by Mr. H. P. White, who was supported on the platform by the Hon. Mr. P. H. Holyoak (Chairman of the General Chamber of Commerce and representative of the Chamber on the Legislative Council), and the Hon. Mr. H. E. Pollock, K.C. (representative of the Justices of the Peace on the Legislative Council).\n\nThe Chairman and the gentlemen supporting him were greeted with loud and prolonged applause when they appeared upon the stage to take their seats.\n\nThe CHAIRMAN, who was given a rousing reception, said: Ladies and gentlemen, this meeting has been called in response to a widely-expressed wish that the commercial public of Hong Kong, outside of the Chamber of Commerce, should be given an opportunity of expressing their views in regard to the exclusion of Germans from the Colony for a prescribed period after the conclusion of the war. We all realise and recognise that this question is one of Imperial policy, and as such, it will ultimately be determined by the Imperial Government, which, no doubt, will be guided in arriving at a decision by the attitude adopted by the Allied and other Powers. All we maintain is that the commercial community of this Colony has an undoubted right to express its opinion on the question at issue (applause) and that its views should be transmitted through the proper channels to those at Home who will represent the Colony at the Imperial Conference when the time for doing so has arrived. (Applause.) I now call upon the Hon. Mr. P. H. Holyoak to propose a resolution, which will be open for discussion after it has been seconded, and I ask, gentlemen, that the discussion shall be allowed to proceed without undue heat, and that tolerance may be shown towards those who may express views which do not coincide with our own.\n\n(Applause.)\n\nThe Hon. Mr. P. H. HOLYOAK was accorded a great ovation when he rose to address the meeting. He said:-Gentlemen, I have brought this resolution before you at a public meeting because I was inundated with letters and telephonic messages and enquiries as to whether the general public of Hong Kong could attend the meeting of the Chamber of Commerce, and I was obliged to say \"I am afraid you can neither attend, nor can you vote if you attend, because you are not qualified to do so, and because the building's capacity will not allow you to attend.\"\n\nAnd in every case, the only reply was \"you arrange a public meeting so that we can have a voice.\" That is why I have ventured to call you together this evening, and I am confident that you will endorse the resolution which I am going to put before you. (Applause.) The resolution which I have to propose is:-\n\nThat it is the opinion of this meeting that it is in the best interests of the Colony that persons of German nationality should be excluded therefrom for a prescribed period of years following the declaration of peace, and that subsequently they be only admitted to the Colony under strict licence.\n\nNow, gentlemen, you will notice a very slight difference between the terms of this resolution and that which was adopted by the Chamber of Commerce. In the Chamber resolution, as you know, we had the words \"for a period of ten years,\" and, in speaking to that resolution in the Chamber, I said that the term ten years was a purely academic term, and when I said that I meant that the Chamber does not really care whether it is for ten years or for ever-(applause)-or whether it may seem wiser to the Imperial powers, to whom all these questions must be referred, that it shall be for a period of shorter duration.\n\nBut we are determined that whatever duration it shall be for, they shall never come back except upon terms by which we can control them. (Applause.) Now, gentlemen, the opposition, as far as I can follow it in the discussions which have taken place, and in the various letters, anonymous and otherwise, which have passed through the papers-in a word, the bulk of the important part of the opposition to our resolution-is to be found in this. First of all, we almost all of us agree on the question of sentiment. (Applause.) I shall dwell later on that, because it is, of necessity, an important part of our case. Secondly, we were told by my hon. friend, the Hon. Mr. Lau Chu Pak-and this was the sum and substance of his argument, as far as I understand it, for China or for the Chinese subjects here-that the time is inopportune. And, lastly, we have been told that it is impracticable, and that we have not dealt fully with the economic reasons which are inevitably bound up with it.\n\nNow, gentlemen, I propose briefly, and as far as lies in my humble power, to deal with those three points of view before putting this resolution. I said to the Chamber that you cannot avoid the question of sentiment in viewing the aftermath of this war, and there I feel that I am upon certain and incontrovertible ground. (Applause.) It is not in the nature of things for those of us who have already been touched by the war, by personal loss or the loss of relatives, and those who will be so touched before the end of the war, to forget it for many years to come. (Applause.) Neither can we forget the manner in which some of them died-the atrocities which brought their end, the agonising death-struggle through gassing, the wholesale murder by the sinking of unarmed and defenceless ships, the hurling of shells through Zeppelin raids upon the undefended coast and the interior towns of England where women and children were slaughtered mercilessly, the murder of Edith Cavell, and the assassination of Captain Fryatt, which the men of the mercantile marine are likely to forget for many years to come.\n\nIf a ruler is obliged to sacrifice his own person for the welfare of his subjects, he is all the more obliged to sacrifice treaty engagements, the continuance of which would be harmful to his country. Is it better that a nation should perish, or that a Sovereign should break his treaty?\n\n\"Do not be ashamed of making alliances from which you yourself can derive the whole advantage. Do not make the foolish mistake of not breaking them when you believe your interests require it.\n\nWhen he is about to conclude a treaty with some foreign Power, if a Sovereign remembers he is a Christian, he is lost.\n\nThese words represented the sowing. A century and a half later Nietzsche wove the gospel of force into a sort of system,",
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    {
        "id": 474948,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-445 - Public Offices - 1917",
        "page_number": 642,
        "title": "CO129-445 - Public Offices - 1917",
        "content_text": "have recently been revealed. In short, it is hoped that they are taking advantage of the temporary lull in German competition to put their own house in order.\n\nThere are, however, one or two important questions arising out of the war, upon which it would appear desirable to make a few comments in amplification of the views expressed by the various trade organisations summarised under heading A.\n\nComments on the Suggested Restrictions on Trading with German Firms after the War.\n\nIt has been suggested in many quarters that inasmuch as a number of shippers (particularly of piece goods) in the United Kingdom depended very largely upon German distributors in China before the war, these connections will probably be re-opened unless post-bellum trade with such firms in the Far East is prohibited by legislation. Such legislation would give a powerful measure of protection to British merchants in China, but the point to be considered is whether such legislation Would—\n\n(a) be effectual in practice; and\n\n(b) contribute to the interests of Great Britain in the broadest sense.\n\nThere is a considerable cleavage of interest and opinion on this subject. In the first place there is the interest of the British merchants in China, who are strongly of opinion that they are both able and willing to handle the whole of the piece-goods trade, and that it would be in the best interests of Lancashire if all trade with non-British distributors were restricted by legislation for a period of years, on the laudable principle of \"British distributors for British goods.\" Many of the goods formerly handled by the Germans before the war are now being distributed by British houses under new chops, and it is contended that unless some measure of protection is afforded, the old German chops will probably be renewed at the close of the war if the goods are obtainable from Manchester and Bradford.\n\nOn the other hand there is the important interest of the cotton textile industry in the United Kingdom which calls for the greatest possible output of the products of British capital and labour. There is little doubt that the expansion of the piece-goods shipments to China of late years has largely fallen into the hands of German houses who have been most active and pushing distributors, and whose relationship with British shippers has been on a sound and satisfactory basis. The opinion of the China representatives of Manchester and Bradford houses is that the concentration of business in the hands of a limited number of hongs is not conducive to the extension of British trade, and that the development of the present British firms, and the encouragement of new British firms to establish themselves is essential to the development of the trade to the limit of its fullest possibilities in China. Taking all the factors of the case into consideration, I am disposed to agree with the contention of the Manchester and Bradford representatives, and hold that the remedy should be found in the action of the exporters and distributors themselves rather than by State interference. The prohibition of British trading with German firms in a great neutral market like China would present very grave difficulties in the time of peace:\n\n(a) It would probably involve the continuation of the system of the black and white lists, and, in order to be effectual, would require the blacklisting of Chinese firms, which in normal times would create friction with the Chinese Government.\n\n(b) It would tend to stimulate American and Japanese competition by forcing the German distributing organisation into the hands of American and Japanese manufacturers.\n\nIn this connection the following extract from the report of Commercial Agent Ralph M. Odell to the United States Government, Special Agents Series, No. 107, page 153, dated 1st December 1915 is of peculiar interest:--\n\n\"There are a number of German firms in China which have hitherto done a large business in English piece goods, but which will probably have to secure their supplies elsewhere owing to the restrictive measures with regard to trading with the enemy which have been taken by the British Government. The German importers are extremely thorough in their methods and dealings, and they have gone into the interior and established closer relations with the consumer than other firms. It is possible that the organisation and facilities which they possess in handling trade in China might be utilised to advantage by American manufacturers and mill agents who are unable to establish satisfactory connections with American firms. If a good trade could be built up through German firms, it is not likely that it would be lost after the close of the present European war. Inasmuch as German cotton goods have never been an important factor in the trade, the German firms would not turn to Germany, and the bitter feelings engendered by the war will probably make them reluctant to handle English goods in the near future.\n\n\"A number of English firms, with branches or correspondents in New York, are doing some business in American cotton goods. With only a few exceptions, however, they are extremely conservative, and, since they are allied by business and personal relations to the home country, they are not particularly anxious to handle American goods, except those lines which do not compete with Manchester goods. The tendency to favour British goods has been intensified by the war. One English importer went so far as to state that he would not buy American goods even if they were offered at prices 5 per cent. lower than similar goods that he could purchase in England.\"\n\nIt is possible that a commercial rapprochement between Germany and Japan may take place after the war. Japanese views with regard to the economic policy outlined at the Paris Conference are well known, and it is conceivable that if the supply of British goods should be artificially cut off, German firms would turn to Japan, firstly with a view to securing a textile trade, and secondly with the object of seriously damaging British interests. I am informed that the German prisoners in Japan, many of whom are assistants in German firms in China, are making the best possible use of their time in studying both Chinese and Japanese, and in cultivating friendly relations with their captors.\n\n(c) Such legislation would tend (certainly at the outset) to restrict the shipments of British textiles to China and to confine our trade. At the same time it would provide such effectual protection for British merchants in China that they would lack the direct incentive and stimulus of healthy competition, and it is extremely doubtful whether, under such circumstances, they would be prepared to take adequate steps to widen the basis of their distribution.\n\nThe remedy would appear to be in energetic action on the part of the exporters in the United Kingdom and their British clients in China on the following lines:—\n\n(1) The extension of the existing connections in every possible way with a view to a wider field of distribution. To this end, British merchants in China should abandon their pre-war attitude of confining themselves to one shipper only; they should be more ready to take up business in fancy goods and novelties; and should not refrain from handling new lines of trade because at first they appear to involve considerable trouble and detail work, and are not as simple to work as the large staple articles.\n\nThe fact that the bulk trade in staple goods has been in British hands in the past has undoubtedly caused British merchants to view with disfavour the small orders in novelties involving numerous designs and assortments, and much trouble for a small turnover. They failed to see that with the raising of the standard of living in China, these goods would tend in time to become staple articles themselves. This attitude largely accounts for the fact that the distribution of miscellaneous fancy textiles was so largely in German hands.\n\n(2) Home exporters should give every possible assistance to the British houses in their laudable attempts to expand their trade. This can be done in many ways, such as by the help and advice of resident representatives in Shanghai, by liberal financial facilities and careful sampling, by regular consignments of goods on joint account in order to establish new qualities and chops, and by most meticulous attention to the execution of orders and the needs of the market.\n\n(3) In view of the fact that there are not, at present, sufficient British firms of the requisite standing and enjoying the necessary facilities to deal with a greatly increased volume of business, new British firms should be established with the encouragement and assistance of the banks. I would suggest that British textile merchants in Manchester and Bradford...\n\nPage 368\n\n \n▲ 3687\n\nL\n\n637",
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    {
        "id": 477097,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-449 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1918 [7-9]",
        "page_number": 327,
        "title": "CO129-449 - Governor Sir May & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1918 [7-9]",
        "content_text": "324 \n\nOther American firms were preparing to do the same if further interfered with here. It has throughout the Far East been very difficult to convince merchants, particularly merchants of Allied nations, of the justice of our various interferences with cargo in transit when no question of enemy interest is involved. The restrictions on exports to Japan were, until a full explanation was received, not a little resented by French and Japanese merchants here, and schemes were put on foot for avoiding transhipment in Hongkong. In the case of wolframite, these schemes were already solid fact, and inasmuch as the very existence of Hongkong as one of the great ports of the world depends on the facilities she offers for transhipment and redistribution, it did not appear expedient to foster this movement by further restrictions. Moreover, as the ore was going to United States of America in any case, it was clearly better that it should pass under the scrutiny of this Government.\n\n2.\n\nThe resulting position was that American firms were allowed to ship to their own country without restriction (save that after the receipt of your telegram of the 16th February, shipments had to be consigned to the Iron and Steel Institute), while British and other non-American firms were obliged first to offer their holdings to the British Ministry of Munitions, knowing full well that the Ministry would not accept the price asked. The cost of the necessary telegrams, the storage, and other charges incurred during the not inconsiderable period elapsing before replies were received formed a handicap against which the British firms concerned not unnaturally protested.\n\n3.\n\nIn May, the Superintendent of Imports and Exports ascertained from the Chairman of the Homeward Conference...",
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    {
        "id": 479885,
        "series_id": 27,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-454 - Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1919 [4-6]",
        "page_number": 301,
        "title": "CO129-454 - Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1919 [4-6]",
        "content_text": "## Original Text Reconstructed\n\n.Y 100 \n297 \n\nThe text appears to be jumbled and out of order due to OCR errors. Reconstructing the original content is challenging. However, a coherent section is found towards the end.\n\n\nMilitary Government are situated, condoned, or were unwilling to make amends for, an act, which is tantamount to an act of piracy committed in the waters of an Allied Power, I need scarcely point out how prejudicial to the cause of the Republic this would be.\n\nI would accordingly beg Your Excellency to lose no time in complying with the very reasonable request of the **Hong-kong Government**, and in returning the **Kwangli** to **Hongkong** with a \nsuitable apology for the unwarrantable action of the **Tater Police Department**, as unless their request be promptly complied with the **Hongkong Government**, who have exercised great forbearance hitherto, will have no alternative but to lay the whole matter by telegraph before **His Majesty's Government** in **London**, on whom the incident will create an impression far from favourable to **China's Representation** at the **Peace Conference**.\n\nHis Excellency \nThe Acting **Tuchun**.\n\nI have etc., \n(sd.) **J. W. Jamieson**.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-454 - Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1919 [4-6].txt",
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    {
        "id": 481617,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-457 - Public Offices - 1919",
        "page_number": 349,
        "title": "CO129-457 - Public Offices - 1919",
        "content_text": "[This Document is the Property of His Britannic Majesty's Government.]\n\nOPIUM.\n\nCONFIDENTIAL\n\nMarch 18.]\n\n27902 SECTION 1.\n\n[12432]\n\nNo. 1.\n\nTRET\":\n\nRF 9 MAY 19\n\nSir J. Jordan to Earl Curzon.-(Received March 18.)\n\n(No. 45.) My Lord,\n\nPeking, January 29, 1919. IN my despatch No. 530 of the 5th December, 1918, I had the honour to review the position respecting the remaining stocks of Indian opium lying at Shanghai, and to acquaint you of the decision finally reached by the Chinese Government to effect their destruction. This decision has now been carried out; the 1,200 odd chests of opium have been publicly burnt in specially constructed kilns at Pootung, and the ashes have been dissolved in the waters of the Yangtsze River. The contents of the chests were carefully re-examined by native and foreign experts, and, with the exception of a small number of balls which had obviously been matured some years ago, there was found to be no shortage. Accusations of fraud which have been brought against the authorities by interested persons have been proved to be without foundation, and there appears no doubt that the work of destruction was carried out with thoroughness.\n\nAs your Lordship is aware it had always been anticipated that on the expiration of the 1911 agreement surplus stocks would be left at Shanghai, the disposal of which in China could no longer be permitted. It was the wish of Lord Grey, as conveyed to me in his despatch No. 268 of the 24th September, 1914, that these surplus stocks should be entirely removed from Chinese territories, and a warning to this effect was conveyed to the opium merchants. Agreements made behind the backs of His Majesty's legation between ex-President Feng Kuo Chang and the opium combine at Shanghai greatly complicated the problem. Full particulars of these transactions were reported from time to time; I would refer more especially to the despatches from this legation No. 74 of the 26th February, 1917, No. 224 of the 24th July, 1917, No. 451 of the 30th September, 1918, and No. 490 of the 1st November, 1918. There is no doubt that it was the personal avarice of Feng Kuo Chang that was responsible for this backsliding from the steady policy of suppression followed by Yuan Shih-kai. Eventually, after the assumption of office by Hsu Shih Chang rendered more hopeful the prospects of a clean policy in this matter, I made the offer reported in my despatch No. 530 of the 5th December last to take back the 1,200 odd chests on behalf of the Government of India at the price of 3,000 rupees per chest. Hsu Shih Chang, who has shown himself to be an enlightened ruler, is doing his utmost to return to the policy initiated by President Yuan, and rigorously enforced during the first seven or eight years of the suppression campaign. In spite of opposition he has maintained firmly his decision to make the full sacrifice of public destruction. This means a loss to the Chinese Government, at a time when they can ill afford it, of over 4,000,000l., representing the present value of the drug inside China. No such wholesale destruction of opium has taken place since the burning of 20,291 chests seized from foreign merchants by Commissioner Lin in 1839. A protest was made against the burning by certain sections of the community, who considered it would have been better to present the stocks to the Allied Red Cross, but this appeal was rejected as being unnecessary, the world supply of opium being already sufficient for legitimate demand. It was also pointed out that the Chinese Customs have been for some time handing over to the Allied Red Cross large quantities of the drug seized by them, and were continuing to do so. The Commissioner of Customs at Shanghai stated he had presented to the Allied consuls-general 126 lb. of morphia, 150 oz. of cocaine, and 4,589 catties of opium, which had been confiscated from smugglers. But the main reason of the Chinese Government in adhering to its decision was to make a decided impression both in China and abroad, to give an effective reply to the official protests of Great Britain and America, to convey a warning to the Chinese themselves that the Government was in earnest in its policy of suppression, and to demonstrate to the Powers assembled at the Peace Conference that China had done with the sins of the past, and was prepared to co-operate in the future work of progress and reform. The 5,000,000 taels of bonds issued to the combine in payment for their stocks, which the Chinese Government are pledged to redeem at\n\n[2877 -1]",
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    {
        "id": 481700,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-457 - Public Offices - 1919",
        "page_number": 432,
        "title": "CO129-457 - Public Offices - 1919",
        "content_text": "-2-\n\n422\n\nGovernment are situated, condoned, or were unwilling to make amends for, an act, which is tantamount to an act of piracy committed in the waters of an Allied Power, I need scarcely point out how prejudicial to the cause of the Republic this would be.\n\nI would beg Your Excellency to lose no time in complying with the very reasonable request of the Hongkong Government, and in returning the Kwangli to Hong Kong with a suitable apology for the unwarrantable action of the Wai Chow Police Department, as unless their request be promptly complied with the Hongkong Government, who have exercised great forbearance hitherto, will have no alternative but to lay the whole matter by telegraph before His Majesty's Government in London, on whom the incident will create an impression far from favourable to China's Representation at the Peace Conference.\n\nI have, &c.,\n\n(Signed) J. W. JAMIESON.\n\nJ.\n\n1919\n\n18 July.\n\nLast previous Paper,\n\nFD4223,\n\nHONG KONG\n\n42234\n\nOpium Traffic\n\nA\n\nCO42234\n\nSr 2 1 19\n\nI. a deep. from Peking really traffic with China & collocations to remarks reapp. the Mutong opium monopoly.\n\nTh. Beckett\n\nPlease\n\nJ\n\nalso 42231, minute separately?\n\nSü\n\nAnsḍ 30 July 19\n\nForeign Office 9 Sept 19 L.F.\n\nIndia Office to Foreign Office. 8 Oct 19: 64146. H. Ken\n\n6.a.g\n\nJ. Jordan's suggestion at the Beijing\n\np.z of\n\nench.,\n\ncomment o\n\nwww.t\n\nat this\n\nstage\n\nbe\n\nagreed\n\nتا\n\nshisment of\n\nGov. wit have some\n\nthis boiut\n\n+++\n\nwould\n\nto the\n\n&tu i\n\nwriting either to\n\ncopies of\n\nThe Straits yout\n\nFrans-\n\nof\n\nNext subsequent Paper.\n\nNo\n\n~4769\n\nFur\n\nhave not written about the question\n\nopium at S'pore; doubtless the\n\nobson to\n\nin replying\n\n14.K.\n\n5%\n\noffer\n\nto the Desp-on suobu\n\nto\n\n2\n\nStraits\n\nja\n\nT\n\nthis\n\nthe end. there already\n\ngone. to both, & ti Deep.\n\nraises the whole question in\n\n(90104—44) Wr. 90378-21, 50m. 11/18. D&S. G. 122 41.\n\ngeaud forme.\n\nI submit",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-457 - Public Offices - 1919.txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 482353,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-458 - Public Offices & Others - 1919",
        "page_number": 401,
        "title": "CO129-458 - Public Offices & Others - 1919",
        "content_text": "is-as to some of them-also explicitly guaranteed in terms establishing the same on the basis of a public law of nations which no single Power-especially Japan- could violate without subjecting its action to eventual revision by the Powers assembled in an international congress like the present Peace Conference.\n\nV. The Peace Conference meets in order to secure a settlement of the affairs of the member-nations according to the principles expressed in President Wilson's Fourteen Points. The principles underlying this statement of views is defined by the President in his Message to Congress on January 8, 1918, as the principle of justice to all peoples and nationalities and their right to live on equal terms of liberty and safety with one another, whether they be strong or weak.\n\n17\n\nAs one of the Allied and Associated States in the war, Japan has expressly accepted the Fourteen Points with their underlying principle of justice. Inasmuch as this principle of justice is clearly violated by the Mikado's continued exercise of \"all rights of sovereignty over the whole of Korea without the consent and against the wishes of the Korean People and Nation, it becomes the right and the duty of the Peace Conference to declare the nullification or otherwise decree the abrogation of the aforesaid Treaty of Annexation.\n\nVI. In virtue of rights founded in International Law and of the New Justice which is to redress the wrongs of nations, the Korean People have a just claim for the Reconstitution of Korea as an Independent State unless, indeed, they are to be excluded from the scope of the principles which have already found expression in the reconstitution of Poland after almost one and a half centuries of partitions and annexations and in the dis-annexation of Alsace-Lorraine after nearly half a century of Prussian rule.\n\nIt is less than ten years since Japan effected the annexation of Korea, And the fact that the outbreak of the war did not find Japan an ally of the Central Powers a political combination that had always been envisaged by the German-trained advisers of the Mikado-is no reason why the Korean People should be suffered by the Peace Conference to continue to live under a system of military government which is a denial of every principle for which men have lately died on the soil of France.\n\nTHIS PETITION is presented in the name and on behalf of the Provisional Republican Government of Korea and of the Eighteen Million Seven Hundred Thousand Koreans living in Korea proper, in China, Siberia, Hawaii, the United States and elsewhere as well as of the Five Thousand and More Koreans who fought for the Allied cause on the Eastern Front before the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk in the aggregate forming and constituting the Korean People and Nation by the undersigned John Kiusic Soho Kimm, the duly accredited Member of the Korean Delegation appointed by the New Korean Young Men's Society, etc., etc,\n\nAants County\n\nAsyl\n\n1919\n\n16\" May.\n\nLast previous Paper.\n\nGov\n\n20654.\n\nCip to\n\nj30may\n\nang 280. I' May Mt.\n\nDelegate of New Korean Young Men's Society, Delegate of the Korean National Association, Delegate of the Provisional Government of the Korean Republic, Etc., Etc., Etc.\n\nHerbert Clarke, Printer, 338, Rue Saint-Honoré.\n\nNext subsequent Paper.\n\n55136.\n\nHONG KONG\n\n29709\n\nTRES\n\nC.O\n\n29709\n\nRC 12 MAY 19\n\n387\n\nMiss E. K. Kelsey.\n\nRepettid\n\na patient\n\nApril, 19, 1914.\n\nchu Dedett\n\nSeal 30490\n\nRak offered\n\nAfter communicating with O.A.G.,\n\ninf. Miss Kerey (20654) that the OAC had agreed to her being re-instated sister.\n\nPhy\n\nletter of 15 April (20654);\n\nwith regard to 20654 informing her offer re-instatement as Nursing Sister\n\n(3)94-11.) Wt, BONT6—21. 50m. 11/18. D£8. 0.192/ 41.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-458 - Public Offices & Others - 1919.txt",
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    {
        "id": 485461,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-464 - Public Offices - 1920",
        "page_number": 403,
        "title": "CO129-464 - Public Offices - 1920",
        "content_text": "PY.(92216)\n\n89/1/60.\n\n20589\n\nIRES?\n\nREC 23 APR 20\n\nThe Danish Minister presents his compliments to the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs and has the honour\n\nto lay the following case before Earl Curzon,\n\n332\n\nCaptain Jacob Bendixen, a resident of Aabenraa in\n\nthe first plebiscite zone of Slesvig, has applied to the King's Government for its assistance in recovering possession of his property which being invested in a German undertaking at Hong Kong was sequestrated as enemy property. As will\n\nbe seen from the enclosed translation of Mr. Bendixen's\n\napplication he is part owner of certain vessels belonging\n\nto the firm of Jebsen and Company of the said place and moreover claims a considerable sum deposited with the company\n\nand therefore sequestrated with the rest of its assets.\n\nThe standpoint adopted in the letter of November 23rd last\n\nfrom the President of the Peace Conference to the Danish\n\nMinister at Paris (of which a copy is appended) indicates\n\nthat, although no claim of the nature here involved can be\n\nmade good against the German Government, the Peace Treaty\n\nhaving already been signed, the Principal Allied and Associated Powers are disposed favourably to consider and to do\n\ntheir utmost to give effect to an equitable settlement of the\n\nclaims of those German subjects who in virtue of the\n\nTreaty are about to become definitely Danish subjects.\n\nMr. Bendixen, besides being a lifelong resident in the first\n\nzone, was born there of Danish parents in 1860 and therefore\n\npreviously to the acquisition by Prussia of this Danish\n\nterritory his case would seem to be especially entitled to\n\nthe benevolent consideration of the Allied Powers and more\n\nparticularly of His Britannic Majesty's Government, seeing\n\nthat...\n\nAs",
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    {
        "id": 489327,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-470 - Public Offices - 1921",
        "page_number": 475,
        "title": "CO129-470 - Public Offices - 1921",
        "content_text": "## Count Uchida's Speech on Japanese Foreign Affairs\n\nco-operation with the Chinese Government for the tranquillity of the districts affected and for the protection of Japanese subjects.\n\nFrom Chientao his Excellency turned to the subject of Siberia; but there was nothing new in the information he gave the House. With regard to the Chita Government, he said that it was for the future to reveal whether that Government would in practice, as it did in profession, stand for anti-communistic democracy.\n\nThe last part of Count Uchida's speech was devoted to the relations of Japan with the United States. The friendship of the two countries was, his Excellency said, traditional, and although it was true that there had been an occasional mingling of unpleasantness, this was almost inevitable in view of the complexity of international relations. He was, nevertheless, firmly convinced that fundamentally the good relationship remained unchanged, and that no insurmountable obstacles existed which were likely to disturb the principles governing that relationship. The Californian Land Law of 1920, which was aimed at the Japanese, and unjust and discriminatory, was undoubtedly an unfortunate measure. But it was not new: it was the result of an old unsolved problem, a problem, moreover, which could not be solved from the standpoint of one side alone. The Japanese Government had exercised the greatest care in dealing with this matter, and, recognising the urgency of obtaining a final solution of the difficulties caused by this question, they had instructed their representative in Washington to open a discussion on the subject with the American authorities. A frank exchange of views had followed; but the Government was not yet in a position to publish the results.\n\n## Enclosure in No. 1\n\nI have, &c.\n\nC. ELIOT.\n\n## Extract from the \"Japan Advertiser,\" January 23, 1921\n\n### TRANSLATION OF SPEECHES DELIVERED ON JANUARY 22 BY MR. HARA, THE MINISTER-PRESIDENT, AND COUNT UCHIDA, THE MINISTER FOR FOREIGN AFFAIRS\n\nTOUCHING briefly on the type of legislation that is to come before the present session of the Imperial Diet, Premier Hara yesterday morning opened the resumed sitting of the Diet. Count Uchida, Minister for Foreign Affairs, also addressed the reconvened Diet. The Premier's speech follows :-\n\n\"I feel it a great honour to address you on this occasion of the opening of the 44th session of the Imperial Diet.\n\nThe Imperial Diet, which was convened in July last, being a special session, the Bills which were then submitted for your approval were confined to those considered to require our immediate attention, whereas the present session being an ordinary one, some of the Bills which were left unpassed, and those which, though intended for submission to your consideration had not been introduced at all during the previous session or the one preceding it, will be submitted for your approval on this occasion. Further, the Bills which are deemed of importance in the interest of the State, and those which have been prepared by the various committees, such as the committee for the revision of existing legislation and the committee appointed to inquire into matters concerning the economy and finance of the State, will as far as possible be introduced into the Diet in the course of this session.\n\n\"It need hardly be said that, consequent upon the Peace Conference of 1919, the responsibilities of our country have greatly increased as regards our contribution to the peace of the world. Accordingly, the united efforts of the whole nation are more than ever required for the growth of the national resources and the enhancement of the national prestige. And inasmuch as it is an undeniable fact that the external development of the country depends upon the growth of the national strength at home, the Government are conducting affairs of State in accordance with this principle so far as the circumstances and the finances of the country permit.\n\nAs to the foreign relations of the country, I am happy to say that we are on good terms with all foreign countries. It is true that there are now, as in other times, some questions pending, for instance, such as the Californian and Chientao questions. In the case of the Californian question, however, the authorities concerned both in America and Japan are now engaged in the discussion thereof in a most friendly spirit, and the Government are anticipating its satisfactory settlement. As regards the Chientao question, the despatch of our troops to that district is only a temporary measure demanded by the necessity of self-defence in the presence of disturbing conditions, as was evidenced in the act of those outlaws who had burned our consulate at Hunchun and killed and wounded our countrymen there. As soon as the order and security of that district are assured, for which the Chinese Government are primarily responsible, these troops will of course be withdrawn, as was announced on the occasion of their despatch. In fact, with the exception of small detachments, these troops have already been withdrawn. As to the other questions, the Government, actuated as they are by the most sincere desire further to improve the existing friendly relations with foreign countries, are prepared to treat them equally with right and justice.\n\n\"As regards the actual foreign relations and financial programme of our country, the Ministers concerned will give you a fuller account. I will therefore refrain from dwelling upon them now at length. At any rate, it is hoped that the intention of the Government to achieve the peaceful development of the country by cultivating the national strength for the benefit of the whole nation at home, and by maintaining amicable relations with all foreign countries abroad, will be fully appreciated by the whole House.\"\n\n### The Address of Viscount Uchida\n\n\"I esteem it a great honour to come before you and make a general statement on our relations with foreign countries since the last session of the Diet.\n\n\"I desire first to touch upon questions relative to the enforcement of the several treaties of peace. The German, Austrian and Bulgarian treaties have all been in force for some time, the Japanese Government having already ratified the first two and the third being now in order for ratification. As you are aware, the Government have recently appointed diplomatic representatives to Germany and Austria. In thus resuming normal relations with these countries we are making efforts, in concert with the Allied Governments, for the enforcement of the terms of the Peace Treaty. In pursuance of this aim we have appointed commissioners to deal with problems connected with the defining of boundaries, the caution of the military clauses, and indemnity. In the task of distributing the German rolling-stock, a Japanese representative is participating as chairman of the commission. The Government were also represented on the commissions sent to various districts whose nationality was to be decided by plebiscite. The plebiscite having duly been carried out, the nationality of the districts in question has now been definitely determined. Besides, steps have also been taken at home in connection with the disposition of the special enemy properties situated in Japan, and the resumption of old treaties. In this way the Peace Treaty with Germany and Austria is being steadily put into practice. At the Ambassadors Conference held from time to time at Paris, which may be regarded as the central Allied organ for the enforcement of the Peace Treaty, the Japanese Government have throughout been represented by the Ambassador to France, who has taken part in the framing of any general policy concerning the enforcement of the various treaties of peace. The treaty with Hungary and that with Turkey have not yet taken effect, but they are expected soon to do so. The Government have already sent to the capital of Turkey a diplomatic agent, who will shortly be followed by a representative on the Commission of the Straits. Among the countries which have come into existence as the result of the great war and those to which we did not hitherto send any diplomatic agent, the Government have decided to establish legations in Poland and Greece, a Minister having recently been appointed to Poland. It being considered necessary to have representatives also in Czecho-Slovakia and Roumania, the expenditures needed for that purpose have been inserted in the budget, which is submitted to you for approval during the present session.\n\n\"The League of Nations was formally inaugurated on the 10th January, 1920, when the German Treaty took effect, and at present has a membership of forty-seven States, representing three-fourths of the entire population of the world. Now that Austria and Bulgaria have been admitted into the League, even if we temporarily abandon hope of Russia which is still in a chaotic condition, it is sincerely to be hoped that Germany, her willingness to fulfil international obligations especially those entailed by the Peace Treaty generally recognised, may before long be given admittance likewise. In this connection the Japanese Government, in common with ...",
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        "id": 489328,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-470 - Public Offices - 1921",
        "page_number": 476,
        "title": "CO129-470 - Public Offices - 1921",
        "content_text": "# \nthe Allied Governments, very keenly desire that, for the peace of the world and the common welfare of humanity, the United States will see its way clear to join its efforts with the other nations for the realisation of the lofty aim of the League, \n\nAlthough the efforts of the League for the past twelve months have mainly been devoted to the perfecting of its organisation and the strengthening of its foundation, it has also exerted itself for the enforcement of the Peace Treaty and for international finance, economics, labour, communications, sanitation, statistics and like cultural work. The League is as yet at its initial stage of development, and, moreover, the international political situation has not quite recovered permanent equilibrium since the war. It is to be expected, therefore, that the League should still leave something to be desired both in organisation and working, and that each one of the member States may be dissatisfied in one respect or another. It is, indeed, inevitable that an international undertaking of the magnitude of the League of Nations should fail to attain perfection in a single day, but all the nations of the world should feel it pointedly incumbent upon them to see to the future development and eventual perfecting of the League. \n\n## \nThe functions of the League are performed by the Council, the Assembly, the Secretariat and various expert commissions. The Council met eleven times in the course of last year, at Paris, London, Rome, San Sebastian, Brussels and Geneva. The Assembly was in session for a month from the 15th November last year, at Geneva, the seat of the League. At each of these meetings good work has been done, and what is worthy of special note is that at these sessions of the Council and the Assembly the representatives of the member States have evinced willingness throughout to put forth their efforts for the common cause of the League, instead of confining their attention wholly to the interests of individual nations they represented. It is principally due to the spirit of concert and harmony manifested on these occasions that the League now has a fair promise of life and development. \n\nIn regard to the curtailment of armament, provided for in the Peace Treaty, the Military Commission of the League, since its organisation last May, has been making investigations into the practical phases of the question. As a matter of principle, disarmament is to be welcomed for the general welfare of the human race, and the Japanese Government are paying special attention to the question. The matter, however, has very important and complex bearings for each nation, and it is to be apprehended that the realisation of this end may be found impossible unless all the nations act in one accord and in good faith. \n\nThe project of the International Court of Justice was resolved upon both by the Council and the Assembly, chiefly on the basis of the original draft adopted by the Conference of International Jurists held last year at The Hague. The plan is now being submitted to the several Governments for approval, and the Court is expected to be established at no distant date. The passing of this resolution is the most important of the results achieved at the first session of the League Assembly. That international conflicts should to as great a degree as possible be settled by peaceful means is of course highly desirable, and the decision to establish an international court for that end is most welcome. \n\nThe questions of amending the League Covenant, of economic blockade as the principal means of punishment by the League, and of mandates to be exercised on behalf of the League have each been assigned to expert commissions which have been appointed as auxiliary organs of the League Council. The field of activities of the League will thus gradually be enlarged with time. \n\nBefore passing on to another theme, I may be permitted to state that the aim of the League of Nations, which lies in the securing of world peace and the promoting of international co-operation, is quite consistent with the policy followed throughout by Japan, and that it is her intention, as one of the five great nations, invariably to make endeavours, in hearty co-operation with the other Powers, for the attainment of that lofty aim of the League. \n\n## \nNext the question of mandate calls for a few words. Under the Peace Treaty, which is based on the principle of non-annexation, the former German possessions in Africa and the South Pacific, together with the territories in Asia which belonged to the former Turkish Empire, have been placed under administration by mandate. So far as the former German possessions are concerned, the mandatories and their assigned territories were decided upon at the Supreme Council of the 7th May of last year. On that occasion the whole group of former German islands lying north of the Equator was assigned to the Administration of Japan as mandatory. When, at a later date, the terms and formulæ of the mandates came up for determination, a difference of views arose between the Japanese and British Governments in the construction of the treaty stipulation relating to the terms and formulæ of the mandate over the former German colonies lying south of the Equator. Agreement could not be reached for a long time. A frank exchange of views, however, between the Japanese and British representatives who attended the first session of the League Assembly happily resulted in a composition of the difference. \n\nWhile agreeing to the terms of the mandate of the C class as proposed by the British Government, the Japanese Government came to a full understanding with the British Government that Japan should make a declaration to the effect that the acquired right of the Japanese in the former German colonies south of the Equator should be fully respected, and that their agreement to the terms of mandate over these islands should not be taken to signify acquiescence on the part of Japan in any discriminatory and unfavourable treatment of her nationals in the said islands. Accordingly, when the terms of the class C mandate were decided upon on the 17th December last, at a meeting of the eleventh session of the League Council, the Japanese representative made a declaration on the lines of the above understanding and reserved for Japan a right to resume negotiations with the British Government concerning the treatment of Japanese subjects in those territories. The terms and formulæ of the mandates over the former German possessions in the South Pacific having now been determined, the Japanese Government are about to enter upon formal control and administration, in pursuance of those terms of mandate, over the group of islands assigned to Japan. \n\n\"Gentlemen, I am happy to be able to state that it is the determination of the Japanese Government to spare no efforts in the discharge of this noble mission of civilisation, in promoting the welfare and development of the people of these territories, thus fully to deserve the trust that the League members have placed in Japan. \n\nAs to the revision and renewal of the Anglo-Japanese Agreement of Alliance, the Japanese Government had been giving careful consideration to the question, with a view especially to its relation to the Covenant of the League of Nations. They entered into conference with the British Government and a frank exchange of views on this matter took place both in London and Tokyo. In view of article 6 of the existing agreement of alliance, it was decided to address to the League of Nations a joint notification to the effect that the Governments of Japan and Great Britain had come to the conclusion that the Anglo-Japanese Agreement of the 13th July, though in harmony with the spirit of the Covenant of the League of Nations was not entirely consistent with the letter of that Covenant, and that they accordingly recognised the principle that if the said agreement was to be continued after July 1921 it must be in a form not inconsistent with the Covenant. The notification was conveyed in a note dated the 8th July, 1920. The principle to guide the Japanese Government in revising the agreement is at present a subject of serious study, regard being had to the articles of the League Covenant, as declared in the joint notification, and to the many important changes which have taken place in the aspect of affairs since the conclusion of the present agreement. \n\nThat this agreement of alliance has contributed largely and distinctly to the peace, stability and welfare of the entire Far East is fully realised by both nations, and not only is the continuance and preservation of the wholesome spirit of this alliance for a long time to come desired by the most thoughtful of the two peoples, but it is, I am sure, in perfect harmony with the high ideals of the League of Nations. \n\nConcerning the organisation of the new consortium looking to financial aid to China, I had the privilege at the last session to state before you how a clear understanding was reached between the respective banking groups and Governments concerned, and how the new organisation was fast taking shape. Last October the representatives of the various banking groups met in conference at New York, signed the final agreement, and discussed the policy of the consortium and other details of practice, thus bringing to completion the organisation of the new consortium. While the activities of the consortium in the future are necessarily dependent upon negotiations and co-operation between the organisation itself and the Chinese Government, it may not be out of place, now that the consortium has been completed, to make a remark on its mission. The object of the consortium is purely economic: in other words, what it aims at is to assist and facilitate the economic development of China and thereby to contribute to the happiness and interest of the Chinese people, on the one hand, and to afford equal opportunity for the private enterprise of the nations concerned on the other. \n\n`[5870 h-3]`\n\nPage 4\nPage 5\n473",
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        "id": 489351,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-470 - Public Offices - 1921",
        "page_number": 499,
        "title": "CO129-470 - Public Offices - 1921",
        "content_text": "496 \n\n20 \n\nIt was, therefore, somewhat with a feeling of dismay that the first communication we received giving the actual terms of renewal stated that buildings were to be included, though only to half their value. These terms were learnt in Tien-tsin nearly seven years after the Government committee had visited our port, on the 9th July last year, since when we have been waiting in vain for the Government's further proposals for the practical application of the scheme as outlined. As far as Tien-tsin is concerned, we have not up to the present thought fit to fight the inclusion of the building values, realising that the main thing was to get the actual terms settled in order that the development of the concession may no longer be retarded to the advantage of other national concessions. \n\nDuring the past fifteen months, urgent communications have been addressed to His Majesty's Government requesting a decision in the matter. These communications have gone from the British Chamber of Commerce, the British Municipal Council, and from various land-renters. What is the position to-day? After waiting seven years, we are still without practical proposals. All we are told is that Mr. C. S. Simpson, of His Majesty's Board of Works, is being sent to China to make a valuation of the buildings. We have asked for bread and we are given a stone. It is stated that Mr. Simpson will probably take about a year to complete his task, and he has no authority to do anything more. It is absolutely incomprehensible why the Government have chosen to ignore the means available to them out here to obtain all the information that they should require. Land values are fixed from time to time by municipal assessors and were submitted to the official representing the Treasury in 1913. Records are in existence in regard to all buildings that have been erected for years past. In the meantime, landholders are naturally very chary of putting up new and extensive buildings for which payment may be exacted by the Government. \n\n\n## THE SHAW CASE OFFICIAL STATEMENT OF ASSOCIATION'S VIEWS \n\nAt the conclusion of the conference on Saturday, the 6th November, Mr. A. W. Burkill, chairman, said :-- \n\nIn my opening address on Wednesday last, I made a short reference to the case of Mr. G. L. Shaw, and stated that I would deal with this to-day. You will all appreciate that a question of such a political nature as the case of Mr. G. L. Shaw cannot be discussed when His Majesty's Chargé d'Affaires is present at our conference. As, however, Mr. Clive has had to return to Peking this morning, I am at liberty publicly to state the views of this Association of British Chambers of Commerce in China and Hong Kong towards Japan and her policy. \n\nI will, however, first deal with the case of Mr. Shaw. I think it may be useful if I recall the facts. These have reached us from time to time in somewhat distorted form, and it is only recently that we have learnt the whole truth. \n\nMr. Shaw has carried on business as a merchant in Antung for a number of years. Antung is adjacent to the Korean frontier, and he was the only British merchant in that part of Manchuria. In addition to his own business, he acted as agent for two of the biggest British merchant firms in Shanghai. He was an active and energetic associate member of the British Chamber of Commerce here, was respected by the Chinese in Manchuria, and by all who had business dealings with him, as a patriot who had been indefatigable in supporting Allied aims during the war. At the beginning of this year, there were rumours that the Japanese had had trouble with Mr. Shaw and had alleged that the ships for which he acted as agent were being used to convey Korean malcontents from Shanghai to Korea. Early in the summer, these complaints occurred again, and I understand that the British consul from Mukden visited Antung at the end of June in order to ascertain the truth about these reports and to advise Mr. Shaw not to interfere between Japanese and Koreans. Care was taken to point out to everyone concerned in Antung that the British courts were available if there was any actual charge against him. No charges were in fact forthcoming, and Mr. Shaw's family was therefore greatly disturbed when only a fortnight later he was suddenly arrested by the Japanese just inside the Korean frontier. He was then charged with being in Korea without a passport. His house in Antung was picketed by Japanese police, and he was placed in solitary confinement in a Japanese prison. Various charges have been urged against him from time to time, that he was in Korea without a passport, that he allowed Korean malcontents, carrying arms and explosives, to leave Shanghai for Korea on his ships, ships, be it noted, for which he was merely the agent in Antung and over whose crew, cargo, or passengers he could exercise no control while they were loading in Shanghai. At Antung, the customs is staffed almost entirely by Japanese, and we may safely assume that they would not allow Korean malcontents to land arms or explosives from any ship, whether Mr. Shaw's or anybody else's. With regard to the charge of harbouring Korean malcontents, we have no information, but many worthy people in all countries harbour discontented subjects of other countries and even show their sympathy for them in more practical form, but such sympathy has never yet been regarded as a crime for which a person can be indicted. \n\nOn what grounds, therefore, did the Japanese authorities arrest Mr. Shaw and keep him in prison? So far as we can ascertain, they have never brought him to trial, and we can only therefore judge the grounds of their complaint from the inspired communiqués which have appeared in the Japanese press. The nature of these complaints I have indicated above. They have amounted to an assertion that Mr. Shaw was in the habit of befriending and assisting disaffected Koreans. The Japanese authorities claim that this amounts to plotting against the safety of the State. I am given to understand that a legal point of some interest is involved in the Japanese authorities' attitude towards Mr. Shaw, namely, whether the State has the power to try the subject of another State for an offence committed outside its own border and its own jurisdiction. It appears that the practice of various countries differs on this point. Some continental countries, including France and Germany, hold that they have the right to try such offenders if once they place themselves within jurisdiction. Great Britain and America claim no such right, which indeed appears to be repugnant to Anglo-Saxon tradition. \n\nMr. Shaw was arrested in Korea and imprisoned in a Japanese gaol for an offence alleged to have been committed in China, where Mr. Shaw was living within the jurisdiction of the British courts. Had Mr. Shaw been brought to trial immediately and the charges against him openly proved, we should probably have heard very little of these fine points of international law practice. But Mr. Shaw was kept in prison for four months during all the heat of summer, was cut off from communication with his friends, and was never brought to trial on any charges whatever. \n\n\"Gentlemen, I think I am putting it moderately, when I say that we cannot regard that as a conciliatory act on the part of the Japanese Government. Mr. Shaw is one of our associate members and has been a bulwark of British commerce in Antung. He had been an outspoken critic of Japanese methods in Manchuria whenever he believed that such methods constituted discrimination against British trade. Under these circumstances, it is not to be wondered at if a suspicion has arisen that that is his real offence in Japanese eyes. We received a telegram yesterday informing us that Mr. Shaw has been released on bail. I feel certain that I voice the opinion, not only of this conference, but also of the whole British community in the Far East when I say that that is not a satisfactory solution of, or termination to, the case.\" (Applause.) \n\nIf Mr. Shaw has committed any offence, let him be duly charged and brought to an open and speedy trial before a court of competent jurisdiction. If no charge can be brought against him, then British opinion will demand that he be amply compensated for the outrage that has been inflicted on him. \n\nGentlemen, I have dealt thus fully with the case of Mr. G. L. Shaw, as I deem the principle involved by his arrest of the greatest importance, and it is viewed with a grave feeling of apprehension by some of our affiliated Chambers. \n\n\"This association's views on Japanese attitude and policy in Tsingtao, and the obnoxious quarantine regulations imposed this summer, which appear to us to be economic weapons in disguise, have been fully dealt with recently, so I do not propose to touch on them again. \"I mention them, however, as taken in conjunction with our attitude on the Shaw case, it lays us open to the charge of being anti-Japanese; I would like to take this opportunity of stating publicly that we are not anti-Japanese in the sense that we are opposed to Japan's legitimate aspirations. We realise the vital character from her point of view of many of her aims, and we are perfectly willing that she should succeed and prosper in such aims. Both from a political and an economic standpoint, we see how much is to be gained from co-operation and compromise, and how much there is to lose from mutual jealousies and antagonisms. In a word, we want as far as possible to work with Japan and not against her. Whilst we wish this, indeed because we wish it, we are bound when we think that... \n\n[5815 e-3]",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-470 - Public Offices - 1921.txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 491001,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-472 - Others - 1921",
        "page_number": 694,
        "title": "CO129-472 - Others - 1921",
        "content_text": "M.C. et seq of which the matter is dealt with. Copies of this letter were attached to the copies of the procès-verbal of the conference of Allied Controllers held in London in October 1920, which were forwarded to you under cover of my letter Y2323/66 of the 22nd November 1920 for transmission to Controllers of local Clearing Offices.\n\n4. I am to state that in the Controller's view no per interest could be claimed in either of the cases quoted in the final paragraph of the Governor's despatch.\n\nI have the honour to be,\n\nSir,\n\nYour obedient Servant,\n\nE.C. Dillingham\n\nSecretary,\n\nX7266 G/CR.\n\nSir,\n\nRE\n\nCO\n\n63379\n\nREC= 23 UFL 21\n\n2nd September, 1920.\n\n687\n\nI have the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your letter (Tgb. Br. 665) of the 25th ultimo, enclosing a copy of a communication from the President of the German Clearing Office dated the 3rd August, 1920. I have considered the proposals therein contained and, both in regard to questions of nationality and residence, I should be willing to adopt the course proposed in the first portion of that communication, namely that, upon objection being taken by either Clearing Office to a claim upon the ground that the debtor is not a national of the country concerned or that he was not resident in that country at the date of the ratification of the Treaty, it should be open to the Creditor Clearing Office concerned to temporarily withdraw the claim and to re-submit it at a future date, any liability for the penal rate of interest being treated as if the claim had been then put forward for the first time. This would not prevent the liability attaching in the case of an absolute rejection from the expiration of the time allowed by the Article in the case of any claim which was not so temporarily withdrawn by the Clearing Office concerned.\n\nIt would, however, be necessary to fix some limitation to the period within which claims so temporarily withdrawn may be re-submitted, and I would suggest that a period of twelve months from the date of withdrawal would be sufficient for the purpose.\n\nWith regard to the general question of liability for penal rate of interest...\n\nAn Herrn Assessor von Friedberg,\n\nVertreter des Reichsausgleichsamts.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-472 - Others - 1921.txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 491265,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-473 - Individuals - 1921",
        "page_number": 258,
        "title": "CO129-473 - Individuals - 1921",
        "content_text": "255\n\nIII.\n\nOEUVRE DE SECOURS AUX POPULATIONS RUSSES.\n\n(Rapport de la sixème Commission)\n\nRESOLUTIONS ADDITIONNELLES PROPOSÉES PAR LORD ROBERT CECIL\n\nM. le PRÉSIDENT. — L'ordre du jour appelle l'examen des conclusions du rapport fait au nom de la sixième Commission sur l'œuvre de secours aux populations russes, ainsi que des propositions additionnelles présentées par lord Robert Cecil.\n\nJ'invite le président et le rapporteur de la Commission à vouloir bien prendre place à la tribune.\n\n(M. le comte de Gimeno, président, et M. Motta, rapporteur de la sixième Commission, prennent place à la tribune).\n\nJe prie Monsieur le rapporteur de la sixième Commission de donner connaissance à l'Assemblée des conclusions de la Commission.\n\nM. MOTTA (Suisse), rapporteur de la sixième Commission. — L'Assemblée me dispensera sans doute de la lecture du rapport qui a été distribué. Je me contenterai de lui présenter un résumé très succinct des conclusions auxquelles la Commission est arrivée et de dégager les grandes lignes, je dirai même les pensées maîtresses de la question qui nous occupe en ce moment.\n\nDans la séance du 9 septembre, M. Nansen avait demandé à l'Assemblée de se prononcer sur deux points. Il proposait, d'abord, de décider si l'Assemblée devait adresser un appel aux États pour qu'ils accordent des crédits officiels, en vue de porter secours aux populations affamées de la Russie.\n\nLe deuxième point à examiner était de savoir s'il fallait prier le Conseil de mettre à la disposition de l'œuvre de secours les services de l'organisation des crédits internationaux qui a été créée, sur la suggestion de l'Assemblée, par le Conseil de la Société des Nations.\n\nTelles étaient donc les propositions que la Commission a eu à examiner à la suite de la motion de M. le Docteur Nansen.\n\nLa Commission n'a pas pu entrer dans les vues du Docteur Nansen. Elle a cependant dû se demander, au cours de ses discussions, s'il était loisible à l'Assemblée de la Société des Nations de se renfermer dans une attitude d'indifférence et en quelque sorte d'abstention absolue. La Commission a estimé que l'abstention totale, que la froide indifférence serait nuisible, et elle est arrivée aux conclusions qui sont à votre connaissance.\n\nVoici les éléments du problème; je n'en dis que les choses absolument essentielles, laissant de côté tout ce qui est polémique, tout ce qui est secondaire ou accidentel.\n\nLa Commission a d'abord constaté que l'étendue et la gravité du mal sont incontestables, que, sur ce point, toute discussion serait en quelque sorte oiseuse. Elle a constaté ensuite que le problème n'est pas seulement d'ordre humanitaire, mais aussi d'ordre social et économique, qu'il y a une solidarité qui lie tous les peuples et les rend, particulièrement aujourd'hui, tous intéressés à l'économie de la Russie.\n\nLa politique a également été mêlée au débat. La Commission estime et je voudrais insister fortement sur cette pensée qu'il est désirable que la politique soit tenue absolument à l'écart. Sans doute, il y aura une tentation toute naturelle d'examiner dans quelles mesures le désastre de la Russie est dû à la responsabilité — disons le mot — la faute des hommes et dans quelles mesures il est plutôt la conséquence de la guerre et du jeu éternel des lois de la nature.\n\nMais un examen de cet ordre ne pourrait que diviser les esprits et passionner le débat. Or, il est du devoir de chacun, au moment où le fléau grandit, où il menace de prendre toujours des formes plus aiguës et de se prolonger non seulement au cours de cette année, mais aussi durant les années qui viendront, il est de l'intérêt de tout le monde d'éliminer de l'action de secours tout ce qui pourrait en paralyser l'élan.\n\nIl faut éviter toutes les discussions qui ne sont pas absolument nécessaires et avoir toujours dans l'esprit ce proverbe que la sagesse romaine a exprimé en ces termes: Dum Romae consulitur Saguntum expugnatur ! Il ne faut pas entrer dans des polémiques qui pourraient entraver l'élan et empêcher la générosité des peuples qui veulent aller au secours de ceux qui ont faim.\n\nVers la mi-août de cette année, une conférence s'est réunie à Genève sur l'initiative du Comité international de la Croix-Rouge et de la Ligue des Croix-Rouges. Cette conférence a pris un certain nombre de mesures : elle a constitué une Commission mixte; elle a nommé deux Hauts Commissaires, M. le Docteur Nansen et M. Hoover. M. Hoover n'a pas pu accepter cette mission et M. le Docteur Nansen se trouve aujourd'hui le Haut Commissaire de la Conférence de Genève, délégué de la Commission mixte.\n\nEn même temps, le Conseil suprême des principales puissances s'est saisi de la question. Il a nommé à son tour une Commission internationale de secours pour la Russie.\n\nM. le docteur Nansen, en sa qualité de Haut-Commissaire, s'est rendu à Moscou. Il a mis immédiatement en œuvre ses grandes et magnifiques vertus d'homme d'action. Il est même arrivé à conclure avec le Gouvernement des Soviets des accords sur lesquels je vous dirai un mot tout à l'heure.\n\nAu moment même où M. le Dr Nansen déposait ici sa motion, la Commission apprenait qu'une conférence d'États était convoquée sur l'initiative de la Commission internationale de secours nommée par le Conseil suprême et présidée par M. Noulens. Cette conférence va se réunir le 6 octobre, à Bruxelles. J'ajoute ce détail sans doute inédit: hier encore, en ma qualité de chef du département politique du Conseil fédéral de la Confédération suisse, j'ai reçu une invitation de M. Noulens pour cette conférence et j'ai pu constater que les États invités à cette conférence sont au nombre de vingt-sept, parmi lesquels se trouvent, entre autres, les États-Unis et l'Allemagne; le Vatican lui-même est invité à s'y faire représenter. Je donne ce détail à titre d'information.\n\nNous sommes donc à l'heure actuelle en présence d'une convocation des États qui vont se réunir à Bruxelles pour s'occuper de cette question des secours. Il est certain dès aujourd'hui que cette conférence doit étudier toutes les formes possibles sous lesquelles l'aide doit être apportée à la Russie. Parmi ces formes, il en est une qui, en quelque sorte, prend la tête de toutes les autres: c'est la forme des crédits officiels à ouvrir par les États.\n\nLa question s'est donc posée, devant notre Commission, de savoir ce que devait faire la Société des Nations dans cette circonstance. Après de longues discussions, nous sommes tous tombés d'accord pour reconnaître que nous devions constater en premier lieu qu'une conférence d'États s'étant saisie d'une manière précise de la question, la Société des Nations ne pouvait pas, sans violer le grand principe: ne bis in idem, envahir un champ qui n'était pas soumis à sa compétence. Notre Commission a eu la crainte de voir se produire une confusion regrettable entre deux organisations, si la Société des Nations se mêlait de trancher une question qui devait être résolue dans un autre lieu.\n\nÀ cette manière de concevoir le problème, on a objecté que nous formons, nous aussi, une grande Assemblée et que nous représentons les États. Cela est exact, mais notre rôle est beaucoup plus général, notre compétence est infiniment plus abstraite, si j'ose dire, et plus vaste. La conférence de Bruxelles, au contraire, a une mission précise, concrète et déterminée.\n\nAutant nous sommes d'accord pour admettre que l'Assemblée de la Société des Nations doit être un corps agissant et vivant, qui sait prendre des initiatives, autant nous devons penser qu'il faut empêcher, entre la Conférence d'États de Bruxelles et l'Assemblée de notre Société, des conflits, même en apparence, et des confusions qui pourraient entraver l'action de l'une et de l'autre.\n\nIII. RELIEF WORK IN RUSSIA.\n\n(Report of the Sixth Committee)\n\nADDITIONAL RESOLUTION PROPOSED BY LORD ROBERT CECIL.\n\nThe PRESIDENT. — We will now take up the question of the Relief Work in Russia. We will examine the conclusions contained in the Report and the draft Resolution moved by Lord Robert Cecil.\n\nM. Motta, Rapporteur, will now address the Assembly.\n\nM. MOTTA (Switzerland), in presenting the Report of the Sixth Committee, said:\n\nGentlemen, I think you will all agree that I need not read the Report, because it is before you, but I should just like briefly to summarise the results achieved by the Committee. You will remember that at the meeting on September 9th, Dr. Nansen suggested that the Assembly should decide on two points. First, should an appeal be made to all States to grant official credits for Russian relief, and, secondly, should the Council be asked to put the services of the International Credits Organisation created by the Council of the League of Nations at the disposal of the Russian Relief work.\n\nThe Committee could not altogether agree with Dr. Nansen's proposal, but it saw that it was utterly impossible for this Assembly to pass the question by with indifference. It would be very harmful if we did not show that we realise how very serious this question is. Nobody disputes the extent and the seriousness of this disaster. The problem is not only a humanitarian one, but it is also a social and an economic one, and I realise that what happens in Russia affects all other peoples.\n\nPolitical considerations were brought into the debate at one moment, but we of the Committee thought—and I should like to emphasise this point—that we must keep any political considerations or political ideas out of this matter. Of course, the question may be raised as to how far this disaster is due to the war, how far it is due to natural causes, and how far it is the fault of certain men, but it is not for us to discuss that matter. When this danger is spreading, and when it seems likely to continue not only this year but possibly next, we must not think of any political considerations whatsoever; we must only think of saving the lives of men. We must remember the Roman proverb, Dum Romae consulitur Saguntum expugnatur \"While men were discussing and debating at Rome, Sagunto was being stormed.\"\n\nWell, Gentlemen, about the same time that Dr. Nansen brought forward these proposals we heard that a Conference had been summoned at Brussels. There had been a previous Conference on this subject in August at Geneva. This was called on the initiative of the International Red Cross and the League of Red Cross Societies, and they appointed a Commission and two High Commissioners, Mr. Hoover and Dr. Nansen. Mr. Hoover did not see his way to accept; Dr. Nansen accepted. Dr. Nansen went to Moscow, and concluded certain agreements with the Authorities there. In the meantime, the Supreme Council of the Principal Allied Powers appointed a Commission to deal with the subject, and it was this Commission which took the Initiative in summoning this Conference for Brussels.\n\nYesterday, as Head of the Federal Political Department of Switzerland, I received an invitation for Switzerland to be represented at this Brussels Conference, and then also I heard that twenty-seven States will be represented, including Germany and the United States, and that there will also be a Representative of His Holiness the Pope. This Brussels Conference is going to deal with all possible methods by which the relief might be given to Russia. And of course, it will deal with the efficacious means by which relief can be brought.\n\nWe were of opinion, therefore, that inasmuch as the Brussels Conference was already to deal with this matter, it would not be advisable for the League of Nations to take any direct action. We must be careful to avoid duplication. It is true that we are Delegates of States, but our rôle is a more general and a more vague one than that of the Delegates who will attend at Brussels, and we should be well advised to avoid any confusion or conflict between our work and that of the other Conference.\n\nTherefore, Gentlemen, your Committee was of opinion that at present it should not deal with the question of Credits, but should wait for the Brussels Conference.\n\nWith regard to the agreements which Dr. Nansen has concluded with those in power in Russia, I have only this much to say: We wish to pay the highest tribute to Dr. Nansen, and to express our very high opinion of his abilities, and to make our acknowledgment of his previous successes. We are aware of the great success which he achieved in the repatriation of prisoners, and we have every reason to hope that in this question also he will achieve the same success.\n\nBut can the Assembly give its official sanction to these agreements? Dr. Nansen entered into them as representative of the Geneva Conference, and therefore he is responsible, not to us, but to that Conference, and it is to that Conference that he will give an account. There is also the fact to be considered that political questions might possibly be raised if we gave a definite approval to these agreements.\n\nWe are perfectly ready to express our confidence in Dr. Nansen, but we are asked to do more than that, we are asked also to express our confidence in the other party to these agreements, and I do not think that we can express such confidence in the other party.\n\nBut we can—and it is recommended—act as follows. We must address an urgent appeal to charitable bodies to give every assistance. In the second place, we must appeal to the Governments for every assistance, both of a moral and material kind, to be given to those charitable organisations. Then we should also point out that relief is required, not only in Russia, but in Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaidjan.\n\nAnd there is another suggestion which we should make to the Governments; it is that they should use the very simple and easy means of doing something immediately by placing at the disposal of suffering Russia the very large stocks of material left on their hands as a result of the war.\n\nLord Robert Cecil desired us to strengthen our action by turning into Resolutions, paragraphs 3 and 6 of the Report; that is to say, he wished us definitely to state our belief that Dr. Nansen will be successful in this matter, and also to disengage the responsibility of the League of Nations, in view of the statements made by certain Delegates, that they did not think that at the present moment their Governments would be able to grant official credits.\n\nHe wished us also to put in a Resolution our feeling that it would rest with the Council of the League to take up the question should circumstances so demand.\n\nAs Rapporteur, I shall have to make certain reservations, because I cannot speak in this matter on behalf of my colleagues, but I can say that what we desire is that there should be a unanimous movement of sympathy for Russia to proceed from this Assembly, and if Lord Robert Cecil thinks it very desirable that these Resolutions should be adopted, and other Members are able to meet his wishes and agree with him, I myself think that I could agree to these Resolutions as he desires to propose them.\n\nThere is one other point. The Chairman of the Committee, the Delegate for Spain, suggested that he should communicate the text of the Resolutions passed by us to His Holiness the Pope. The Committee enthusiastically approved of this proposal, and I am sure the Assembly will do the same. (Applause.) We are particularly glad of the noble act of His Holiness the Pope, because it shows the sympathy His Holiness feels for those ideals of justice, freedom, and charity for which the League of Nations stands.\n\nThe PRESIDENT. — Dr. Nansen, the Delegate for Norway, will address the Assembly.\n\nDr. NANSEN (Norway).—Mr. President and Gentlemen, I think the Assembly expects me to say a few words on the Report which has been so ably presented by the Chairman of the Sub-Committee, M. Motta. This Report deals with the Resolution which I ventured to lay before this Assembly in the very early stages of its deliberation, and I take this...",
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    {
        "id": 492277,
        "series_id": 27,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-475 - Governor Sir Stubbs & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1922 [5-7]",
        "page_number": 207,
        "title": "CO129-475 - Governor Sir Stubbs & Acting Governor Claud Severn - 1922 [5-7]",
        "content_text": "236\n\nTHE HONGKONG WEEKLY PRESS &\n\nNEWS.\n\n[September 3rd, 1921.\n\nCABLE MYSTERIOUS CHINESE AFFRAY AT\n\nFRENCH LINER NOT LOST.\n\nUnder the present scheme of allotting the FAR EASTERN Valley for different games at different times golf is not dangerous and accidents should not happen. The only difficulty at the moment is the two tennis courts used by members of the Army, but I am certain that the golfers and tennis-players can settle this little question in a friendly spirit, provided outsiders do not interfere.\n\nThere is a suggestion afoot to start a library of books on golf, and if any members have any such books that they have finished with Mr. A. B. Stewart will be pleased to receive them. Of course no details have been fixed, but I hear the idea is to have the books at Fanling. This, to my mind, would be a mistake. Very few golfers would have time to study them out there. The only people to benefit by them would be those who stay over the week-end—a very small proportion. It appears to me that members would like to take books of this description home to read during the week, and therefore it would be far more beneficial if the books were kept at a central depot in Hongkong.\n\nThe Committee are at present compiling a small booklet of revised local rules, bye-laws, etc., for each course. The booklet will also contain a facsimile of the medal cards for each course, giving the names of each hole, with, of course, the length and bogey. The names for the old course at Fanling will remain as they stand, but the new course, Happy Valley and Deep Water Bay are receiving brand new names. At the time of writing the only new names available are those for Happy Valley, which I give below:\n\n1st hole, \"The better 'ole\"; 2nd, \"The Gap\"; 3rd, \"The Corner\"; 4th, \"Black rock\"; 5th, \"The Monument\"; 6th, \"The Turn\"; 7th, \"The Long hole\"; 8th, \"Mile end\"; 9th, \"The Hut.\"\n\nA well-known firm in Hongkong are having a thousand copies of the rules and etiquette of golf, amended up to date, printed, and these they are generously presenting to the Golf Club, so I presume that every member will be supplied with a copy. There will be no excuse, then, for the indiscretions which are far too numerous on the Hongkong course!\n\nThey are making great headway with the new verandah at Deep Water Bay; and I hear that some of this course's patrons have offered to build an additional one on top of the one at present under construction. This will greatly add to the comfort of players during the hot weather, and further relieve the congestion.\n\nThe re-constructed fourth hole on this course is now finished and is a great improvement on the old one.\n\nI believe the Committee are busy trying to draft a scheme to simplify the booking of times at Fanling. It is a difficult problem and one which will never be solved to the satisfaction of everybody. Personally, I do not envy them their job, and I doubt very much whether they will be able to do anything at all without a deal of extra expense, which is the one thing they are trying to avoid. If the railway had electric trains to carry 20 people only, ran one every forty minutes, and would issue tickets for specified trains beforehand, I think the problem would be solved! But will the Railway do it?\n\nSHANGHAI, August 26th. The French liner Cordillere marvellously righted herself late on Wednesday night and the captain, officers, and crew were enabled to go aboard. The rudder was broken by the bumping she got. Her previous list was to starboard. Early yesterday morning the list was ten degrees to port. She is still in a dangerous position, as are also the Glaucus and Hendrik. The Glaucus is on her maiden trip from Liverpool.\n\nSeptember 2nd.\n\nThe Glaucus got off this forenoon.\n\nY.M.C.A. IN SHANGHAI.\n\nSHANGHAI, August 30th. The national war-time council of the Y.M.C.A. in America has donated three hundred thousand gold dollars for the club and property acquired in Shanghai. Work begins soon.\n\nTORONTO, August 29th.\n\nFour Chinese crew of the Dominion Coal Company's steamer Maskinonge were killed, and 2 wounded, by revolver shots in the forecastle of the steamer, which had anchored near Quebec. No weapon was discovered. The surviving Chinese refuse to throw light on the affray.\n\nORIENTAL LABOUR IN CANADA.\n\nTORONTO, August 29th. The Dominion Trades and Labour Congress has passed a resolution in favour of the exclusion of all Oriental immigrants permanently.\n\nCHINESE LABOUR IN UNITED KINGDOM.\n\nLONDON, August 31st. That a capitalist boss was behind the importation of Chinese into Canada and the United Kingdom was the opinion expressed by a Magistrate at Pontypridd, to-day, when three Chinese were charged with landing in the United Kingdom without permission of the immigration officer at Liverpool; and were ordered to be detained in custody in the second division for a month, with a view to arranging for their deportation.\n\nA SHANGHAI BANKRUPTCY.\n\nMr. Cecil Humphreys, merchant of Shanghai, yesterday underwent a public examination for bankruptcy before Judge Grain in the British Supreme Court. The Magistrate declared that a great amount of money was given for securing the services of Chinese on the Pacific coast and along the coasts here. A huge business was being done in this way in British Columbia, and certain Chinese were making fortunes very rapidly by getting young Chinese into England. The petitioning creditor was the Bank of China. Mr. P. W. Goldring represented the debtor. A statement of affairs places the assets at $2,050 and the estimated liabilities at $520,000. Mr. Humphreys attributed his losses to bad judgment, the tremendous fall in exchange, and general bad trade conditions. His original capital, he said, approximated $150,000. The examination was adjourned.\n\n[THROUGH REUTER'S AGENCY.]\n\nMARSHAL JOFFRE'S VISIT TO JAPAN.\n\nPARIS, August 24th (delayed.) Marshal Joffre has postponed the start of his voyage to Japan until the end of the year.—Havas.\n\nYAP DISPUTE SETTLED.\n\nLONDON, August 29th.\n\nThe protracted dispute between the United States and Japan, as regards the mandate given to the latter by the League over the Island of Yap, to which the United States objected, is now settled.\n\nAccording to the Morning Post's Washington correspondent, the United States has accepted the Japanese offer to concede cable facilities and control, instead of agreeing to the proposed internationalisation of the island.\n\nNEW FRENCH AMBASSADOR TO JAPAN.\n\nPARIS August 27th (delayed). M. Paul Claudel, the new Ambassador to Japan, will sail on September 2nd. In an interview with the Excelsior, M. Claudel expressed himself as proud and sincerely pleased to represent France in the country of an allied nation, whose civilisation he greatly admires and in whose destiny he firmly believes. The new Ambassador states that all his efforts are to be devoted to rendering still more intimate the intellectual bonds between France and Japan.—Havas.\n\nPACIFIC CONFERENCE AND SOUTH CHINA'S APPLICATION.\n\nLONDON, August 31st. Advices from Washington indicate that the pressing application of South China to be admitted to the disarmament conference is not likely to find favour with the American Administration, which is disposed only to recognise the established Government.\n\nTHE PRINCE OF WALES TO VISIT HONGKONG.\n\nLONDON, September 1st. According to the present arrangements, H.R.H. the Prince of Wales concludes his tour in India, approximately, on March 17th, and is calling at Singapore, Hongkong, and, possibly, Penang en route for Japan.\n\nFAMINE COMMITTEE AND A BANK FRAUD.\n\nA Peking message says:-The United International Famine Relief Committee has asked H.E. President Hsu Shih-chang to aid that organization in recovering $80,000 lost through the Yu Feng Bank, which closed its doors the day after the Society had deposited $150,000 for transmission from Peking to Sianfu for use in relieving famine there.\n\nThe petition, signed by members of the committee, charges that the bank officials knew when the money was accepted that the bank was to close its doors and that the act of receiving the money was fraud and that all of the funds should be returned.\n\nThe petition further says that the Society has been able to get $70,000 from the officials, but asks the President to use his influence with the police and other authorities to see that the remainder of the money is returned.\n\n178",
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        "document_key": "CO129-476 - Acting Governor Claud Severn & Governor Sir Stubbs - 1922 [8-12]",
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        "title": "CO129-476 - Acting Governor Claud Severn & Governor Sir Stubbs - 1922 [8-12]",
        "content_text": "306\n\nTHE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH.\n\nTHE BLUE FUNNEL LINE\n\nREGULAR AND FAST FREIGHT AND PASSENGER SERVICE.\n\nLONDON\n\nTEIRESIAS PELEUS ANTILOCHUS HYSON\n\nSERVICE (Direct)\n\n25th Sept. London, Amsterdam & Antwerp 2nd Oct. London, Rotterdam & Hamburg. 9th Oct. London, Amsterdam & Antwerp 16th Oct. London, Rotterdam & Antwerp\n\nLIVERPOOL SERVICE (Direct or via Continental Ports)\n\nKT. TEMPLAR TYDEUS OVESTES\n\n4th Oct. Marseilles, Havre & Liverpool 20th Oct. Genoa, Marseilles, Liverpool & Glasgow.\n\n4th Nov. Havre, Liverpool & Glasgow.\n\nPACIFIC SERVICE (via Kobe and Yokohama)\n\nTYNQAREUS PROTESILAUS\n\n17th Oct. Victoria, Seattle & Vancouver 7th Nov.\n\nNEW YORK SERVICE (via Suez or Panama)\n\nANTILOCHUS AGAMEMNON TEUCER TERESIAS PYRRHUS PYRRHUS\n\n5th Oct. via Suez 25th Oct. via Suez 15 Nov. via Suez\n\nPASSENGER SERVICE\n\n25th Sept. for Singapore & London 1st Nov for Shanghai & Japan 4th Nov. for Singapore & London\n\nFor Freight and Passage Rates and further information apply to :-\n\nBUTTERFIELD & SWIRE (JOHN SWIRE & SONS, LTD.) AGENTS.\n\nTHE EAST ASIATIC CO., LTD., COPENHAGEN.\n\nRegular Freight and Passenger Service for Bangkok, Hongkong, Swatow and return.\n\nS. S. \"BAKA\" Due S. S. \"BINTANG\" Will leave for Bangkok via Swatow\n\nSubject to change without notice.\n\nFor further particulars please apply to:-\n\nJOHN MANNERS & CO., Agents. CONSIGNEES.\n\nNOTICE TO CONSIGNEES.\n\nTHE ADMIRAL LINE.\n\nThe Steamship \"PRESIDENT MCKINLEY\" having arrived from Manila P. I on Sep. 21 consignees are hereby notified that their cargo is being landed at their risk into the Hazardous and/or Extra-Hazardous Godowns of The Hongkong and Kowloon Wharf & Godown Co., at Kowloon, and stored at consignees' risk.\n\nConsignees of cargo must produce an Import Permit signed by the Superintendent of Imports and Exports, Hongkong, before Bills of Lading will be counter-signed.\n\nFRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 22, 1922.\n\nEARLIER TELEGRAMS. (Continued from Page 3)\n\nTHE ALLIES AND TURKEY.\n\nParis, Sept. 21.\n\nAn account of the proceedings of the Foreign Ministers' Conference yesterday is contained in the semi-official statement which says that Lord Curzon expressed great astonishment at the fact that while the British had decided to reinforce her troops at Chanak, both France and Italy had resolved to withdraw their contingents from the south side of the Sea of Marmora.\n\nLord Curzon considered that the Franco-Italian decision hardly conformed with the agreements of 1915 and 1918, providing for partial Inter-Allied occupation of Turkish territory.\n\nM. Poincare regarded the agreements as being at present inapplicable, as no conflict was feared when the allocation of troops was provided thereunder. He added that French opinion would not permit French troops to act with the Greeks and he argued that if Chanak was held, the whole of the southern shore of the Sea of Marmora ought equally to be occupied.\n\nKemalists would entertain peace proposals.\n\nSignor Sforza, agreeing with M. Poincare, believed that the discussions on the acceptable basis of agreement cabled last night and which just then arrived.\n\nThe Conference decided, in principle, to hold a Peace Conference at Venice, but pointed out that Russia had not been invited as she was not directly interested, the Soviet-Angora Treaty specifically excluding Russian decisions affecting the sovereignty of Turkey and the security of Constantinople.\n\nM. Poincare further pointed out the military objection to the Allies fighting with their backs to the sea. He also pointed out the undesirable effect upon the Islamic world if Britain adopted an uncompromising or bellicose attitude.\n\nIt is semi-officially declared that the problem cannot be referred to the League of Nations as urged by Dr. Nansen and Dominion representatives, as it is a Government matter.\n\nThe document states that the Foreign Minister's decision marks a big step on the road to peace.\n\nAll broken, chafed and damaged cargo is to be left in the Godowns, where it will be examined at 10 a.m. on 26th inst., by the Company's Surveyors, Messrs. Anderson & Ashe.\n\nAll claims must be presented within thirty days of the steamer's arrival here, after which they cannot be recognized.\n\nNo claims will be recognised after the goods have left the Godowns, and cargo undelivered on and after Sept. 27th will be subject to rent.\n\nNo Fire Insurance whatever will be effected.\n\nConsignees are requested to send in their Bills of Lading for counter-signature immediately.\n\nPACIFIC STEAMSHIP CO., United States Shipping Board Emergency Fleet Corporation, No. 4. Des Voeux Road, Managing Agents, THE ADMIRAL LINE. Hongkong, 21st. Sept., 1922.\n\n\"For the Blood is the Life.\"\n\nSufferers from Bad Legs, Abscesses, Ulcers, Piles, Glandular Swellings, Eczema, Boils, Pimples and Eruptions, Gout, Rheumatism, must realise that the only sure way to complete and lasting relief is to free the blood of the poisonous waste matter, the one cause of such troubles.\n\nClarke's Blood Mixture contains ingredients which soon overcome and expel the impurities, that's why so many lasting cures stand to its credit.\n\nTHE EAST ASIATIC CO., LTD. COPENHAGEN.\n\nThe M. S. \"INDIEN\" will be loading for Dunkirk, Antwerp, Rotterdam, Amsterdam, Hamburg, Copenhagen & other Scandinavian Ports, about 1st October.\n\nFurther Sailings:-Expected on or about 4th October M. S. \"ASIA\" 15th October M. S. \"PANAMA\" 26th October M. S. \"MALAYA\" Subject to change without notice.\n\nFor further particulars please apply to:-\n\nJOHN MANNERS & CO., LTD. Agents. Hongkong, 22nd September, 1922.\n\nMRS. SEKAI MASSAGE\n\nTHE CANTON BANK, 2nd Floor, No. 2, DUDDELL ST. HONGKONG.\n\nSAVARESSE'S SANTAL CAPSULES\n\nFrom all Chemists The best internal treatment. Specially made in a way that prevents sickness or nausea. Physicians recommend them.\n\nTHE GRECO-EGYPTIAN TOBACCO CO. 12a, Queen's Road, Beg to announce to the general public the arrival of their new coffee roasting machine for the best quality Mocha and Java coffee, which can be had at the above address, Fresh Coffee roasted daily.\n\nA PERSIAN PROVERB: \"A cup of hot coffee without an Egyptian cigarette is like meat without salt.\"\n\nSimla, Sept. 21.\n\nTwenty-five Moslem Members of the Legislature have submitted their views on the Near East situation to the Viceroy, most earnestly and with the greatest moderation drawing his attention to the points on which it is considered Turkish peace ought to be based and which formed the subject of the Government of India's famous telegram of March 8, the unauthorised publication of which resulted in Mr. Montagu's resignation of the Secretaryship of India.\n\nThe Viceroy promised to lay their views before the Imperial Government.\n\nParis, Sept. 21. A message from Angora reports that the Turks altogether captured 60,000 Greeks.\n\nWellington (N.Z.), Sept. 21. There has been an immense response to the proposal for service in the Straits. Ten thousand New Zealanders yesterday alone offered themselves.\n\nConstantinople, Sept. 21. Hamid Bey, the Kemalist representative here, has informed a British correspondent that the Turks intend to cross the Dardanelles and enter Thrace, but will not fire on the Allies in crossing unless first attacked.\n\nWashington, Sept. 21. The Near East policy of the United States has been outlined at the White House.\n\nIt is stated that the United States will stand aloof in the event of trouble, except to provide adequately for the relief of American citizens endangered by the Turkish advance and to participate in any general programme of relief adopted by the European governments.\n\nTHE NEW AMERICAN TARIFF BILL.\n\nWashington, Sept. 21. The Treasury experts estimate that the new tariff under the Fordney-McCumber Bill, the measure when enacted, will yield about $100,000,000 annual revenue, half of which will be derived from the following sources, viz., sugar, $37,000,000; raw wool, $63,000,000; tobacco, $35,000,000; laces and embroideries, $15,000,000; while the average ad valorem rates will be slightly higher than the Payne-Aldrich Tariff.\n\nThey will in actual operation show an average slightly lower because some of the new duties will be inoperative owing to their height or the absence of imports of commodities they cover.\n\nPerhaps, the most notable feature of the Bill is the power given to the President, after investigation by the Tariff Commission, to increase or decrease any rate in the Bill by 50 per cent. if necessary, in order to set off the difference in the cost of production at home and abroad.\n\nThe President may also declare American valuations as the basis of an assessment of ad valorem duties.\n\nIt is estimated that this will automatically increase the rates about 100 per cent.\n\nAfter such declaration the President could reduce any duty by 50 per cent. but could not increase it.\n\nAlmost all infantile troubles arise in the first place from stomach and bowel troubles.\n\nTo remedy these conditions use Baby's Own Tablets.\n\nThese Tablets stand in a class by themselves, being especially made for children's use, pleasant in taste and guaranteed absolutely harmless.\n\nThey quickly reduce simple fever, cure indigestion, check diarrhoea, allay teething pains, expel worms, relieve croup and colds, quiet the nerves and promote health-giving, restful sleep in a natural way.\n\nBaby's Own Tablets are sold by chemists, or at 60 cents the vial, post free, from the Dr. Williams' Medicine Co., 96 Szechuen Road, Shanghai.\n\nVisitors always welcome a VICTROLA No Home complete without one.\n\nMCUTRIES:-Sole Agents.\n\nAIRSHIPS SUPPLANT CRUISERS.\n\nLondon, Sept. 21. The Admiralty has decided that the use of the airship in wartime shall become the first consideration of British airship policy, and its employment for Imperial communications the next.\n\nThis decision was influenced by figures in comparison with the cruiser, showing that the airship costing £250,000, compared with £900,000, is cheaper to navigate and able to cover seven times more area.\n\nSIAMESE TEAK TRADE.\n\nLondon, Sept. 21. As the May meeting of the Anglo-Siam Corporation is forthcoming, the issue of 22,000 ordinary shares of £50,000, 7%, preferences is announced.\n\nThe chairman's review considered the Siamese Government was insufficiently considering the interests of the teak trade in Siam.\n\nYEE SANG FAT CO. Just Arrived \"SWIMEASY\" Worsted and Wool BATHING SUITS for Ladies, Gentlemen and Children. Practical and Dressy Style Large Assortment of WATER WINGS Price $1.25 a pair\n\nGOLDEN STATE BUTTER From CALIFORNIA CREAMERIES. Sold by all the leading dealers in one pound cartons (FRESH)-and 1 lb. tins. SOLE AGENTS:--GEIZ BROS. & Co. of the Orient Ltd. PROVISION DEPT.\n\nTAI LEE CHAN Established 1884. SUNDRY HARDWARE and METAL GOODS Telephone Central 1993. 119. Jervois Street\n\nFRECKLES AND HIS FRIENDS\n\nBY BLOSSER",
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        "document_key": "CO129-476 - Acting Governor Claud Severn & Governor Sir Stubbs - 1922 [8-12]",
        "page_number": 316,
        "title": "CO129-476 - Acting Governor Claud Severn & Governor Sir Stubbs - 1922 [8-12]",
        "content_text": "6\n\nBURNETT'S\n\ncelebrated\n\nLONDON DRY GIN\n\nunique in character and flavour.\n\nTHE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH.\n\nGIVES THAT DISTINCTIVE EXCELLENCE TO\n\nA COCKTAIL.\n\nBlends excellently with Watson's Stone Ginger Beer.\n\nSOLE AGENTS:\n\nA.S. WATSON & CO., Ltd.\n\nWine & Spirit Merchants\n\n'PHONE CENTRAL 616.\n\nJust you\n\nand a Victrola\n\npar-\n\nWhen you are all by yourself, with no place in particular to go and nothing in particular to do, what a joy it is to get into your big arm chair and let the world's greatest artists entertain you on the Victrola!\n\nWith a Victrola and Victor Records in your home you have always at your beck and call the music you enjoy best.\n\nCome in and let us show you the Victrola you would like for your home. S. MOUTRIE & CO., LTD.\n\nSole Distributors.\n\nESTABLISHED 1850.\n\nJAEGER\n\nPure Wool\n\nTHE LATEST LONDON FASHIONS IN\n\nMEN'S COAT SWEATERS\n\nSILK & WOOL WAISTCOATS,\n\nFANCY WOOL WAISTCOATS,\n\nCARDIGAN JACKETS,\n\nTRAVELLING ULSTERS\n\nLIGHT WALKING COATS,\n\nDRESSING GOWNS.\n\nTRAVELLING RUGS, ETC.\n\nJAEGER PURE WOOL.\n\nLANE, CRAWFORD, LTD.\n\nSODA FOUNTAIN\n\nAT\n\nCAFE WISEMAN. SUNDAES, PUNCHES ICE CREAM SODAS\n\nALL FLAVOURS.\n\nBEST SERVICE, HIGH QUALITY, LOW PRICES.\n\nLANE, CRAWFORD, LTD.\n\nFRIDAY.\n\nMECHANICS\n\nHAND TOOLS\n\nPEXTO MACHINES.\n\nand TOOLS for SHEET METAL WORK,\n\nMUSTARD AND CO.\n\nDistributors, Hongkong and China. Tel. Central No. 1186.\n\nThe Telegraph.\n\nHONGKONG, 22nd Sept., 1922.\n\nSUN YAT-SEN EXPOSED.\n\nSEPTEMBER 22, 1922.\n\nDAY BY DAY.\n\nOUR GREATEST GLORY CONSISTS NOT IN NEVER FALLING, BUT IN RISING EVERY TIME WE FALL.-oldsmith.\n\nSun Yat-sen's emissary openly states that he has received the help of von Hintze, whom he describes as a man of modern ideas whose \"plans harmony with current democratic opinion.\" Further, it is put on record that this German schemer has decided to devote the whole of his energies to this project of a Triple Alliance and that he is planning to obtain official sanction for his being sent to China. So hopeful were Sun Yat-sen and his emissary of this request being granted that they had made all the necessary arrangements for von Hintze being secretly taken to Government headquarters in Canton, in order...\n\nOwing to the breakage of an oar, a sampan became unmanageable and capsized off the Kowloon Wharf this morning. A woman was drowned.\n\nKEMALISTS REACH NEUTRAL ZONE.\n\nFrench and Italian Contingents Withdrawn.\n\nANGORA INSISTS UPON OCCUPATION OF THRACE.\n\nReuters' Service.\n\nConstantinople, September 21. The French and Italian detachments and flags were to-day removed from Ismid, the Dardanelles, and the neutral zones on orders from their respective Governments. The lines are now held exclusively by British troops, supported by the combined Atlantic and Mediterranean Fleets.\n\nThe Kemalist vanguard is reported to have reached the neutral zone of the Dardanelles, and the next few hours will show whether they contemplate action. The Kemalist representative at Constantinople declined to pledge that the Kemalists would respect the neutral zone, although he was warned that an offensive would mean war with Britain.\n\n\"Continue Until Achievement of National Aims.\"\n\nLater.\n\nHamid Bey, the Angoran representative, interviewed, entertained scant hope of a successful outcome of the conference between the French High Commissioner and Mustapha Kemal, because nothing will alter Angora's determination to occupy Thrace. The Angora Assembly, by an overwhelming majority, authorised Kemal to continue the war until the achievement of the national aims.\n\nA partner in a contractor's firm at 195, Temple Street, Yau-ma-tei, is alleged to have absconded with a sum of $500 which he had collected on behalf of the firm.\n\nTheir Smyrna Refugees' Plight.\n\nThe British, French, and Italian Consuls at Mitylene have wired to the High Commissioners at Constantinople stating that two hundred thousand Christians are still lying on the foreshore at Smyrna awaiting help and insisting upon urgent action, otherwise nobody will survive.\n\nMiners' Federation Against War.\n\nLondon, September 21. The Executive of the Miners' Federation has passed a resolution against the war policy of the Government as regards the Near East.\n\nPremier's Reply to Trades Union Deputation.\n\nLater.\n\nMr. Lloyd George, accompanied by Mr. Chamberlain, Sir Robert Horne, and Sir Worthington Evans, received a deputation of thirty members of the General Council of the Trades Union Congress, who voiced Labour's uncompromising peace policy in regard to the Near East.\n\nMr. Lloyd George, replying, explained the Cabinet's well-known views. He is understood to have pointed out that peace was always their aim, and contended that it was partly due to the Government's prompt action that the position was easier.\n\nNationalists Reported to Have Made Smyrna Their Headquarters.\n\nThere are many significant factors that must be borne in mind when considering this great strike for over a week.\n\nThe teachers of the Middle-School at Canton have been on strike, demanding the payment of 50 per cent. of their salaries in silver coin.\n\nThe Canton Times says that the movement is Bolshevistic in character, and that Sun Yat-sen has long been credited with revolutionary ideas and has in recent times openly espoused the labourers' cause.\n\nAdana, September 21. According to a message from Smyrna, Kemalist Ministers have assumed control, and it is reported, but not confirmed, that Smyrna will henceforth be the Nationalists' headquarters.\n\nAuthoritative quarters here express the view that the Turks will not attack the Allied troops in the neutral zone, which Turkey does not intend at present to cross.\n\nMr. Lew Yuk-lin, the Commissioner for Foreign Affairs, is very keen on settling the Macao affair. He wishes to obtain full knowledge on the subject, and has called on the British Consul for certain information.\n\nNo Further Move, by Kemalists.\n\nConstantinople, September 21. The Kemalists have not made a fresh move in the direction of the neutral zone during the past twenty-four hours, and it is hoped by well-informed persons that the question will be settled peacefully to-day if the guarantees demanded by the Kemalists for immediate Greek evacuation of Thrace are forthcoming.\n\nKemalist Demands.\n\nParis, September 22. An inspired statement says that the British resolve to keep troops in the Asiatic zone has unfavourably impressed French and Italian circles, but understands that Angora will refrain, at least for some days, from any imprudent move.\n\nThe French Government has received information that Sun Yat-sen's secret documents, which were left behind by an official of Sun Yat-sen's South China Government when the leaders thereof were compelled to flee as consequence of General Yip Kai's coup, are incriminating to the point of absolute conviction.\n\nINDIAN INDUSTRIAL UNREST.\n\nIndications of Further Trouble.\n\nBombay, September 21. There are signs that India is on the verge of another spell of industrial unrest. In addition to the trouble at the Tata Iron and Steel Works, three-fourths of the Bombay tramwaymen have struck for an increase of wages.\n\nVessels arriving in port yesterday and to-day report bad weather. The Japanese steamers Hirano Maru, Asama Maru, and Kishu Maru had to put back to Hongkong owing to heavy seas, and the Sanka Maru, which arrived this morning, had to take refuge in Shito Bay, off St. John's Island, on account of the typhoon, for sixteen hours.\n\nCharged with the theft of a sheet and two towels from the Empress of Canada, Ah Kam, 19, unemployed, pleaded at the Police Court this morning that these articles were left behind by one of the boys and were not wanted. It was stated that the towels were found wrapped round the man's waist.\n\nCOUNCIL OF THE L. ON.\n\nIncrease in Non-Permanent Members.\n\nGeneva, September 21. The Bourgeois, the First Commission of the League of Nations decided to increase the non-permanent members of the council from four to six.\n\nWELSH COLLIERIES CLOSED.\n\nTen Thousand Men Affected.\n\nLondon, September 21. The Ebbw Vale Collieries and Steel Works, employing over 10,000 men, is closing indefinitely, following a wage dispute and a twenty-four hours' strike.\n\nGAMBLING IN WHEAT.\n\nPresident Harding Signs Restrictive Measure.\n\nWashington, September 21. President Harding has signed the Bill regulating trading in grain futures. The Bill is to be effective from October 1.\n\nNEW AERIAL RECORD.\n\n213 Miles in an Hour.\n\nEtampes, September 21. Sadi Lecointe, the well-known aviator, broke the world's aeroplane speed record by covering 213 miles in an hour.\n\nDUTCH AEROPLANE DISASTER.\n\nAmsterdam, September 21. A military aeroplane nose-dived into the Zuider Zee near Den Helder, the pilot and observer being drowned.\n\nGERMAN BANK RATE RAISED.\n\nBerlin, September 1. The Reichsbank has raised its discount from seven to eight per cent.\n\nFord Works Restarting.\n\nDetroit, September 21. The Ford motor-works are restarting now that coal is available.\n\nAMERICA'S NEW TARIFF BILL.\n\nWashington, September 21. President Harding has signed the Tariff Bill.\n\n(Continue on Page 7.)\n\nPage 7",
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        "page_number": 323,
        "title": "CO129-476 - Acting Governor Claud Severn & Governor Sir Stubbs - 1922 [8-12]",
        "content_text": "REMOVAL NOTICE.\n\nAndersen, Meyer & Co., Ltd., beg to announce the removal on September 1st., 1922, of their offices from No. 2, Queen's Road Central, to No. 67, 69, Des Voeux Road. (SITE OF THE OLD VICTORIA THEATRE)\n\nThe Hongkong Telegraph. FOUNDED 1881 No. 12,503\n\nKEMAL TO MEET GENERAL HARINGTON. Atlantic Flotilla En Route. GREECE INVOKES AID OF VENIZELOS.\n\nSATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 30, 1922.\n\nConstantinople, September 29. Replying to General Harington's telegram mentioned in a message of the 28th inst., Mustapha Kemal declares that his troops will not advance further. He desires that no incident shall occur, and will seize the earliest opportunity of meeting General Harington.\n\n[A message of the 28th inst. stated: General Harington, in a conciliatory reply to Kemal Pasha, thanks him for his declaration to respect the neutrality of the Straits and his desire to avoid incidents, and points out that the destruction and building of roads was carried out as a military necessity. He assures Kemal Pasha that no shot will be fired except by his, General Harington's, orders, and expresses readiness to meet Kemal Pasha anywhere that is convenient to discuss an understanding.]\n\nNaval Reinforcements on the Way.\n\nGibraltar, September 29. The flotilla leader and eight destroyers of the first flotilla of the Atlantic Fleet have arrived en route to the Near East, also two submarines.\n\nFull Support from Australia.\n\nMelbourne, September 27. Speaking in the House of Representatives, Mr. Hughes said that Australia was praying that there would not be war, but if it came Britain would be in the right, even if left alone. Australia had previously put in the field a larger army than the Turks could now muster, and would do the same again if necessary.\n\nVenizelos to Represent Greece at Conference?\n\nThe Revolutionary Committee has telegraphed to M. Venizelos at Paris asking him to undertake the defence of Greek interests with the Entente and to represent Greece at the Near East conference.\n\nThe Committee demanded the immediate departure from Greece of ex-King Constantine, ex-Queen Sophie, and the Princes Nicholas and Andrew. It is understood that they departed aboard a battleship last night.\n\nThe Committee has forbidden demonstrations in the streets. It is announced that the revolution has not been accompanied by a single drop of bloodshed. Several Royalist officers arrested at the outbreak of the revolution have been released, and all political prisoners have been liberated. The elements which long terrorized the city under the Constantin regime have mysteriously disappeared. It is rumoured that ex-Premiers, Gounaris, Stratos, and Protopapadakis have been arrested. Many politicians believe that the reign of the new King will not be a long one, and that a republic is likely.\n\nGreece Talking of Retrieving Disaster.\n\nLater. The revolutionary leaders, in a statement, insist that the movement is absolutely national, and is exclusively aimed at reparation of the recent catastrophe and the creation of a strong army to save Thrace. They declare that the settlement of the dynastic question must conform to the will of the great majority of the Greek people.\n\nHigh Commissioners Despatch Pacificatory Delegates.\n\nConstantinople, September 29. The High Commissioners have decided to despatch a commission composed of British, French, and Italian officers to Rodosto, Lule Burgas, and Adrianople to exercise a pacifying influence.\n\nArrest of Greek Premiers Confirmed.\n\nParis, September 29. A message from Athens confirms the arrest of the three ex-Premiers. M. Theotokis and Rear-Admiral Goudas have also been arrested. The message adds that it is expected they will be brought to trial as responsible for the events in Asia Minor.\n\nCabinet Regards Kemalist Action as Infringement.\n\nLondon, September 29. At the conclusion of further series of Cabinet meetings, anxiety in official circles was nowise eased. It is understood that the Government regard the Turkish action as an infringement of the Allied Note, and decided that it is impossible to permit the Kemalists to remain and continue positions in the neutral zone. The Government has therefore informed the military authorities that they have complete support in demanding the withdrawal of the Kemalists, leaving the question of a time-limit to the discretion of General Harington, Admiral Brock, and the High Commissioner. Meantime, the members of the Cabinet are standing by ready for emergencies, and are expecting an early development.\n\nRumour of War Causes Slump.\n\nLondon, September 29. The nervousness created by the Near Eastern situation is exemplified by the slump on the Liverpool cotton market today owing to a baseless rumour that Britain had declared war on Turkey, concerning which an authoritative denial was subsequently issued.\n\nLANCASHIRE COTTON TRADE DEPRESSION.\n\nCompanies Gradually Losing Their Capital.\n\nLondon, September 29. The question of the continued severe depression in the Lancashire cotton trade was discussed at a Manchester meeting of representatives of over fifty per cent. of the spinning companies. Leading spinners pointed out that most concerns were gradually losing their capital, and only immediate and drastic action would avert a financial crisis. An enquiry into the question of fixing minimum prices for standard counts of yarn was suggested, also the curtailment of production.\n\nLEAGUE OF NATIONS FINANCES.\n\nSUN YAT-SEN'S REPLY.\n\nAuthenticity of \"Telegraph\" Letters Admitted.\n\n1922. 日十初月八\n\nLAST NIGHT'S SENSATION.\n\nDetective Murdered; Two Men Shot.\n\nSINGLE COPY 10 CTS. $30 PER ANNUM\n\nTHE BANK\n\nREMOVAL NOTICE.\n\nAndersen, Meyer & Co., Ltd., beg to announce the removal on September 1st., 1922, of their offices from No. 2, Queen's Road Central, to No. 67, 69, Des Voeux Road. (SITE OF THE OLD VICTORIA THEATRE.)\n\nMYSTERY. PORTUGUESE CRUISER.\n\nNot a Book-keeping Error.\n\nOrdered to Macao.\n\nLisbon, Sept. 29. The cruiser Republica has been ordered to proceed to Macao from South America.\n\nThe disappearance of $200,000 from the International Banking Corporation still remains shrouded in mystery. A Telegraph reporter who called on the acting manager this morning to inquire if anything had been discovered which would throw some light on the affair was informed that the Bank are still in the dark as to what has happened to the money.\n\nIt has been ascertained that the loss is not through any book-keeping error, the pressman was told, and there has been no tampering with either the vaults or the safes. Beyond those facts, practically nothing appears to be known.\n\nAbout eight o'clock last night, armed men visited 26, Wing Wo Street, an emigrants' boarding house. They gagged and bound the inmates and during the half-hour they remained on the premises collected all the money and valuables, including gold dollars and foreign coin to the value of some $6,000.\n\nAs the robbers were leaving, they were observed by Detective Sergeant Sin Chuen, who, it will be remembered, was highly praised for his services in the famous Wo Ping Theatre case. Although single-handed, the detective tackled the gang, but they were too many for him. One of the armed men pointed his revolver at the officer and fired, hitting him in the chest. The gang then made off, chased by a number of police and others who by this time had been attracted to the scene.\n\nThe chase was an exciting one, and firearms were used frequently. Two men, on one of whom was found a revolver, were arrested. They were escorted to the Central Police Station by a party of constables with drawn revolvers, and on the way, an accident happened. In Graham Street, the weapon of one of the constables accidentally went off and wounded two brothers who came out of No. 6 to watch the procession pass.\n\nThe police visited the boarding house where the robbery occurred and it is understood that three daggers were found.\n\nJAPAN'S MILITARISTS.\n\nFurther Disclosures.\n\nTokyo, Sept. 30. The revelations continued by the Kokumin alleging that Japanese militarists have completed plans to establish a buffer state in alliance with Germany and Russia intended.\n\nDenial of Bolshevism.\n\n(Our Own Correspondent.)\n\nShanghai, September 29. Dr. Sun Yat-sen admits the veracity of the Hongkong Telegraph's disclosures relative to the proposal to form an Alliance with Germany and Russia.\n\nHe says, however, that the letters have been improperly translated and are partly false. He defended himself on the ground that all the Powers except Germany and Russia continued to be aggressive. He cites the relinquishment of extra-territoriality as proof that Germany and Russia have shown a favourable attitude to China.\n\nChina's Desire for Equality.\n\nDr. Sun Yat-sen says that the creation of the Soviet Government had removed China's greatest political menace, so long as the Soviet Government continues its non-Imperialistic policy. He says that China's greatest need is assistance from Powers which will treat China as an equal, and believes that Germany and Russia are the only Powers qualified to treat China in that manner. He therefore favours a conciliatory attitude towards Germany and Russia.\n\nAccording to Dr. Sun, such a policy will not injure any of the other Powers which honestly desire a re-united China. He states that these are his main considerations.\n\nBolshevism Unsuited to China.\n\nDr. Sun says that epithets accusing him of Bolshevistic views do not injure him and will not deter him. He denies that he has any sympathy with Bolshevism as a principle and says that a correct reading of his letters will prove this beyond doubt. He also says that he may issue an English translation of the letters reproduced in the \"Hongkong Telegraph\". He asserts that the \"Hongkong Telegraph's\" insinuation that the letters reveal a leaning towards Bolshevism is a charge unworthy of an answer, as all intelligent minds will realise that China is politically and economically unsuited to Bolshevism. Dr. Sun says that he never once dreamed of transforming China into a Bolshevik Republic.\n\nFruitless Overtures to Foreign Capitalists.\n\nIn conclusion, the late President of the South says that he had made repeated overtures to American, British, and other foreign capitalists with a view to arousing their interest in the commercial development of China, but all were deaf to his suggestions. Hence, he says, he had to turn elsewhere for much-needed co-operation.\n\nSIKI'S VICTORY.\n\nEndorsed by French Boxing Federation.\n\nParis, September 29. The French Boxing Federation has endorsed the decision of the judges in the Carpentier-Siki fight and approved Siki's claim to the light-heavyweight championship of the world.\n\nARMS TRAFFIC.\n\nFull Sentence Imposed.\n\nWhen charged today with trafficking in arms on river boats, the prisoner was found guilty. Inspector Fallon prosecuted, and asked the Magistrate to pass an exemplary sentence, pointing out that this trafficking in arms was attaining serious proportions. The Magistrate accordingly imposed the full penalty of a year's hard labour on the prisoner.\n\nThe Chinese detective, Sin Cheun, who was shot by the armed men, was taken to the Government Civil Hospital, but the wound was serious and the gallant man expired shortly after admission.\n\nA report was made to the police by the accountant of the Wong Tak Loong, import and export firm, occupying the first and second floors of No. 26 Wing Wo Street, to the effect that the gang entered the premises at 7.30, being armed with daggers and revolvers which they used to intimidate the twelve fokia of the firm.\n\nAfter being bound and gagged, the victims were all bundled into one room whilst the process of ransacking the floors took place. From a safe, the robbers took a sum of $4,176, some American money, and a gold watch and chain, the value of which is unknown.\n\nHONGKONG FINANCES.\n\nA Healthy Outlook.\n\nHongkong's finances continue in a healthy state. The figures for the first half of the year are now available. These show that at the end of June there was a balance of $11,512,230, which compares with $7, $7,810,494 during the first half of 1921. The increase was largely due to more receipts from land sales, which produced no less than $2,197,356, against $208,627 for 1921.\n\nDuring the month of June, the revenue was $1,646,108, this comparing with $1,372,442 for June, 1921.\n\nThe total expenditure during the half year was $8,278,026, this contrasting with $6,421,324 for the first six months of 1921, there being considerable increases in Miscellaneous Expenditure and Public Works Extraordinary. For the month of June, the outgoings totalled $1,519,647, compared with $1,066,426 in June last year.\n\nV.R.C. SPORTS.\n\nSecond Day's Events.\n\nThe attendance on the second day of the annual sports carnival of the Victoria Recreation Club left much to be desired, for it was the poorest on record. However, there were enough competitors to make every race interesting, the 220 yards Championship being the outstanding feature of the day.\n\nIn the absence of Johnstone, Lyon was favourite, though with rivals of the capability of Laing and Jack, the finish was a hot one. Lyon set the pace, and in the fourth length, the tussle between Laing and Jack for second place became very keen. Jack had enjoyed the advantage, but in this length, Laing made up and was ahead of the former by a mere matter of feet. The race then resolved itself principally into a tussle between these two for second place, Laing eventually beating Jack by a few seconds. Lyon's win yesterday makes his third championship success in this year's sports. Time—D. Lyon, 2 mins. 40 secs.; D. Laing, 2 mins. 47 secs.\n\nFollowing are the results of the other events:\n\nFour lengths handicap (members).—1, S. A. Marcal; 2, T. Stewart. Time 1 min. 13 sec.\n\nLong plunge.—1, M. Souza; 2. B. Rasmussen. Distance 58 ft. 2 ins.\n\nTwo lengths handicap (open).—1, Baldwin, 2, G. McDade.\n\nTwo lengths test race (men).—1, D. Lyon, V. Ramsay, A. A. R. Remedio, W. Hyde, A. Kitchell, G. A. Razavet, and D. Ogilvie. Time 3 mins. 38 secs.\n\n100 yards boys' championship.—1, A. May; 2, J. Montalto. Time 1 min. 7-2/5 secs.\n\nFour lengths handicap (ladies).—1, Miss R. Kitchell; 2, Miss E. Bell. Time 1 min. 40 secs.\n\nFour lengths handicap (girls) 1st. heat.—1, E. Allen; 2, Molly Groundwater. 2nd. heat.—1, E. Bliss; 2, B. Pathejohns.\n\nTwo lengths handicap (boys).—1st. heat.—1, A. May; 2, W. Tillery. 2nd. heat.—1, W. G. Urquhart; 2;, L. Rozs Pereira. 3rd. heat.—1, A. Bliss; 2; F. Suzara. 4th. heat.—1, H. Watson; 2, G. Noronha. 5th. heat.—1, J. Montalto; 2, M. Noronha.\n\nCANTON'S FINANCES.\n\nReported Conclusion of Foreign Loan.\n\nOur Canton correspondent states that the members of the Provincial Assembly, on hearing that a foreign loan of £2,000,000 has been concluded and was signed by the Civil Governor on the 28th instant, are keen to know the details of the scheme.\n\nIRISH POSTAL SETTLEMENT.\n\nLondon, September 29. The report of the Fourth Commission shows that the League of Nations is financially stressed, owing to the non-payment of contributions totalling 5,000,000 gold francs for 1921 and the payment so far of only 55 per cent. of the 1922 contributions while the Budget has increased to 25 millions.\n\nThe Irish postal settlement provides that three-eighths of the proposed wage reduction shall operate from September 1st, and the remainder from December 1st. The submitted to and approved by the Assembly.\n\nAn Unsatisfactory Position.\n\nGeneva, September 29.\n\nLISTEN!\n\nMake a hobby of your advertising.\n\nThe full week-end programme at the World Theatre is given on page 4.\n\n\"The Witness for the Defence\" is being shown at the Star Theatre tonight.—Page 4.\n\nTo-Day's Exchange. The closing rate of the dollar on demand today was 2s, 6.13/16d\n\nLighting Up-Time. Lighting-up time today, 6.13 p.m.",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-478 - Public Offices & Others - 1922",
        "page_number": 95,
        "title": "CO129-478 - Public Offices & Others - 1922",
        "content_text": "Bearing in mind the fact that, as the Royal Commission of 1893 had pointed out, any attempt to confine the use of opium in India to strictly medical needs vouched for by medical practitioners would be not only inhuman, but absurd, the regulations of the Government of India effected more than was likely to be required of them. Cocaine and morphia, on the other hand, the use of which for other than medical purposes invariably takes the form of dangerous vice, were becoming a menace to the entire world, but were not included within the scope of the proposals submitted by the United States of America for the consideration of the Conference. It was mainly owing to the pressure exerted by the Government of India that these drugs were included within the terms of the Convention finally concluded, and a rigid and universal application of the articles which apply to them would rid the world of the drug evil.\n\nIn view of the amount of misapprehension that continues to accumulate round the provisions of the Hague Convention, it is necessary to lay stress on its actual meaning. As regards raw opium, the contracting Powers undertook to control its production and distribution; to limit the number of ports from which it might be imported or exported; to prevent its export to countries which prohibit import, and to control export to countries which restrict import; to mark opium consignments as such; and to confine its import and export to authorised persons. As regards prepared opium, that is to say, smoking opium, which India does not, and never has, exported, and the sale of which in India is prohibited, the Powers agreed to aim at the gradual suppression of manufacture, internal trade, and use, with due regard to the varying circumstances of each country concerned, unless regulations on the subject are already in existence; and to prohibit import and export immediately, or as soon as possible. As regards medicinal opium, morphine, cocaine, and allied drugs, it was agreed to enact regulations confining manufacture, sale and use to medical and legitimate purposes, and to pass measures for controlling manufacturers, traders and exporters.\n\nThis summary contains the chief provisions of the Convention, which was no less than a complete vindication of Indian policy. The anti-opium party in Great Britain and in the United States of America has, however, completely failed to understand its purport, and has continually attacked the Government of India for not carrying out its provisions.\n\nA second Opium Conference met in 1913 and decided that, although certain Powers who had been invited to sign the Convention had not then done so, the deposit of ratifications might, nevertheless, take place. A third met in 1914, and recommended early ratification by all the Powers who had not yet ratified, in order that the Convention should come into force as soon as possible. Progress was then suspended by the outbreak of war, but finally, under Article 295 of the Treaty of Peace with Germany, it was provided that ratification of that treaty should imply ratification of the Hague Convention and a promise to enact the necessary legislation within a period of 12 months. Similar provisions were included in the treaty with Austria (Article 247), Hungary (Article 230), Bulgaria (Article 174), and in the unratified Treaty of Sèvres with Turkey (Article 280). It is important to note that Turkey, the chief Middle Eastern source of opium, the fountain from which American supplies are drawn, refused to sign the Convention. Persia was among the signatories, but with a reservation of a number of articles, among these Article 3(a), which requires the contracting parties to prevent the export of raw opium to countries which should have prohibited its entry.\n\nPage 30\n\nPage 31\n\nThe preceding chapters have shown how rigidly the Government of India's practice conforms to, and in many respects goes beyond, the requirements of the Hague Convention, a summary of which was given above, but it may be as well to set out these requirements in detail, and to show categorically how they are satisfied by the law or regulations in force in India.\n\nThe principal articles of the Convention are as follows:--\n\nCHAPTER 1 - RAW OPIUM\n\nDefinition. By \"raw opium\" is understood -\n\nThe spontaneously coagulated juice obtained from the capsules of the papaver somniferum, which has only been submitted to the necessary manipulations for packing and transport.\n\nArticle 1.\n\nThe contracting Powers shall enact effective laws or regulations for the control of the production and distribution of raw opium, unless laws or regulations on the subject are already in existence.\n\nThe laws and regulations in force in India have been described in Chapters II and III.\n\nArticle 2.\n\nDue regard being had to the differences in their commercial conditions, the contracting Powers shall limit the number of towns, ports, or other localities through which the export or import of raw opium shall be permitted.\n\nOpium is only allowed to be exported from British India through the ports of Calcutta and Bombay.\n\nArticle 3.\n\nThe contracting Powers shall take measures -\n\n(a) To prevent the export of raw opium to countries which shall have prohibited its entry, and\n\nPage 1983\n\nC\n\n92\n\nS\n\nzer",
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        "page_number": 341,
        "title": "CO129-478 - Public Offices & Others - 1922",
        "content_text": "Peking, No. 757, Tel., Sept. 4, 1918.\n\n16\n\nPrince Koudachef, that the money would remain in the Russo-Asiatic Bank at Shanghai, that the Chinese Government consented to continue paying the instalments. Chi has since modified her attitude, and no further payments on account of Russian indemnity are now being made.\n\nThe South and the Customs Revenue.\n\n55. An earlier reference (paragraph 53) has been made to the bearing which the war between the North and the South exercised upon the question of the release of customs surplus to the Central Government by the Diplomatic Body. In September 1918 the question was brought to a head by the decision of the Southern Government, who were devoid of all funds, to seize the customs revenue collected at the Southern ports. It was only the threat of action by the foreign Powers (see paragraph 57) that averted a crisis. The incident led to a reconsideration of the whole position. It was obviously inequitable that the Northern Government, which at that time governed less than half the country, should receive the customs surplus drawn from all the ports, including those no longer under their control. It was accordingly agreed by the Diplomatic Body that the release of further customs surplus should be made conditional upon an attempt by both parties, North and South, to compose their differences.\n\nPeking, No. 772, Tel., Sept. 10, 1918, [756149/19].\n\nPeking, No. 891, Tel., Oct. 30, 1918. [F1809628/18]\n\nPeking, Jan. 16, 1919. [9749/19]\n\nWhen, therefore, in October 1918 the Central Government applied for a release of 2,000,000 taels, consent was withheld on the ground that a release was not justified until military operations between North and South had ceased.\n\n56. By the following January the situation had apparently changed for the better; actual hostilities between North and South had ceased. The South, on the other hand, showed no signs of responding to the attempts of the Diplomatic Body to bring the two parties, North and South, together. When, therefore, the Central Government, who were now destitute of funds, applied for a reconsideration of the matter, the Diplomatic Body unanimously decided to release the 12,000,000 taels that had accumulated on the distinct understanding that the money should be devoted to certain specified objects, including a number of Southern public utilities, unless in the meantime the conference which was then proceeding at Shanghai between Northern and Southern delegates should reach an understanding as to some other method of disposal of the funds. In coming to this decision the motives actuating the Diplomatic Body were (1) to furnish an incentive for reunion between North and South; (2) to deprive the Southern Government of any reasonable excuse for seizing the Southern customs. And, although, as events proved, they failed in their endeavour to bring North and South together, they at least succeeded in disposing of a delicate question, without giving legitimate dissatisfaction to either side. The South had been deprived of all excuse for repeating their threat of seizing the Southern customs, and it had been made clear to both sides that their prospects of obtaining further funds from the customs, over which the Diplomatic Body exercised a sort of trusteeship, were largely dependent upon the good-will they showed in reconciling their differences and reuniting the country under one common Administration.\n\nPeking, No. 44, Tel., Jan. 29, 1919. [4248/19]\n\nPeking, No. 160, Tel., Mar. 14, 1919. [41883/19]\n\nTo Peking, No. 174, Tel., Mar. 31.\n\nPeking, No. 118, Mar. 28, 1919. [79887/19]\n\nPeking, July 2, 1919. [97870/19]\n\n57. Nevertheless, by March 1919 the Southern Government were again threatening to seize the Southern customs; the same strong counter-measures as in 1918 had to be invoked by the Powers. These measures were (1) That the Government of Hong Kong should intercept all cargo for Canton and refuse entry to all cargo from Canton; (2) That the customs duties at Canton should be paid by British subjects to His Majesty's Consul-General, who would hold them in trust for the Inspector-General of Customs; (3) That, if necessary, a British naval guard might be placed round the customs-house on behalf of its British owner, the Inspector-General; and (4) That all Allied vessels should be asked to refuse to carry Chinese postal matter to or from any port in Kwangtung or Kwangsi.\n\n58. As in 1918, the threat was fortunately sufficient to deter the Southern Government from proceeding further.\n\n59. It was in the summer of 1919 that the second abuse by the Italian Minister (Baron Aliotti had been replaced by Marquis Garbasso, whose standards were evidently much the same) of the power of control over the customs revenue vested in the Diplomatic Body took place. The Chinese Government, in applying for a release of surplus, had voluntarily suggested the allocation of a certain proportion to the South; and this step towards conciliation between North and South obviously deserved all encouragement. All the foreign representatives agreed to sanction the release on these terms, except the Russian (who soon withdrew his opposition) and the Italian. The latter declared that, unless a claim by one of his nationals (M. Passeri) against the Chinese Government was first settled to his satisfaction, his consent would not be forthcoming. So preposterous was this action in seeking to force through a claim—and at that a claim intrinsically unjust, as a reference to the correspondence in the archives will show—at the possible cost of a reconciliation between North and South, that His Majesty's Minister, in his capacity as the dean of the Diplomatic Body, officially notified the Chinese Government that all the foreign representatives save the Italian Minister agreed to the release.\n\nPeking, No. 311, July 2, 1919. [118931/19]\n\n60. The inexcusable action of the Italian Minister (Marquis Garbasso) had unfortunately succeeded not only in shaking the confidence of the Chinese Government in the fairness of the Diplomatic Body in their fiduciary capacity as trustees for the administration of the customs funds, but had also broken the solidarity of the Diplomatic Body for the first time, whose decisions up to that date had been by unanimity. Marquis Garbasso's peculiar conceptions of honesty had rendered the position of the Diplomatic Body impossible. It was out of the question that the honour of the whole Diplomatic Body should be compromised by the folly of one unscrupulous member.\n\n61. The incident soon bore fruit.\n\nPeking, No. 422, Sept. 20, 1919. [181241/19]\n\nIn July 1919 the Chinese Government endeavoured to secure a revision of the arrangements governing the custody and release of customs revenues. They claimed that in 1913 there had been a deficit in the customs revenue required, and that special arrangements to safeguard foreign interests had been therefore necessary; but that now, with the large rise in the price of silver and the increased customs receipts due to the revision of the tariff, the available revenue was far in excess of the sum required to meet all obligations secured upon the customs. They therefore wished to give the Inspector-General authority, without the necessity of the consent of the Diplomatic Body, to release to them any available customs surplus after due provision had been made to meet all obligations.\n\n62. This proposal was rejected by the Diplomatic Body, both the Japanese and French Ministers having received definite instructions from their Governments to refuse to agree. It is worth recording, as illustrative of the general attitude adopted by these two countries towards China, that, as neither the Japanese nor French Minister had any interest in the pre-Boxer loans, and as the indemnity payments had long since been suspended, their locus standi in the matter was not above challenge. The incident had, however, a certain beneficent effect. It showed the members of the Diplomatic Body that it was impolitic to press the Chinese Government too far, or to abuse the power of control voluntarily vested in them by the Chinese Government in 1913; and when the next application for a release was received from the Chinese Government it went through without demur.\n\nPeking, Nov. 4, 1919. [164855/19]\n\n63. It was on this occasion that the Chinese Government first definitely agreed to the principle that the South were entitled to a share in all customs releases. The proportion fixed upon was 13.7 per cent., as representing the equivalent of the revenue collected at the six Southern ports. The accuracy of the estimate was vouched for by the Inspector-General of Customs.\n\nPeking, No. 494, Jan. 7, 1920. [18203/20]\n\n64. During 1919 no less than 22,604,123 taels (say, £7,157,972) were released from customs surplus.\n\n65. In January 1920 the Central Government again sought to reopen the question of the arrangements for the control of the customs funds, but, as both the Japanese and French Ministers maintained their previous attitude and refused their consent, the request was again refused.\n\nPeking, No. 72, [F407/107/10]\n\n66. Sir J. Jordan's comment on this occasion is worth noting, for it remains applicable and must so remain until stable conditions return in China:—\n\n“In equity the claim of the Chinese Government in this matter cannot justly be denied. But there are certain considerations of a political nature which must be borne in mind. If the Government functioning at Peking were really a Government entrusted with the welfare of China as a whole, the request is perfectly reasonable and should be granted. But as matters stand at present the customs surpluses are wasted on the payment of useless troops, &c., and the advantage in practice of the Diplomatic Body retaining some control over the money lies in the fact that they can occasionally secure the appropriation of a portion of these funds for productive works, such as the Liao River, Chihli and Min River conservancy schemes, &c. Moreover, the Yang-tsze conservancy scheme…”\n\nFeb. 16, 1920.\n\n17\n\n336",
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        "page_number": 343,
        "title": "CO129-478 - Public Offices & Others - 1922",
        "content_text": "ZU \n\n20 \n\nand its pig iron from 300,000 to 30,000,000 tons to equal the production of the United States, which is probably poorer in coal and iron resources than is China. The number of its factory employees must increase from less than 100,000 to 40,000,000, and its children under public instruction from 4,000,000 to 50,000,000 to be proportionate with the figures for the United States.\n\nDemand for British Education of Chinese.\n\nIn view of these possibilities, there can hardly be any doubt as to the urgent importance of pushing British influence in China through educational means. But beyond the academic desirability of such a policy, is there at this moment a ponderable demand for an extension of educational facilities on British lines? There certainly is, and it is manifested in the following ways:\n\n1. Through the Chinese themselves. On the 26th June, 1919, Liang-Chi-Chao, the well-known Chinese statesman, approached Mr. H. A. L. Fisher, with the desire to secure for new China \"the spread of English educational ideals throughout the country.\" He pointed out that America and Germany had made great efforts to spread their educational propaganda; and he suggested that Great Britain should follow America's example in returning the remainder of the Boxer indemnity in order to found two modern universities, perhaps in Peking and Nanking.\n\nAccording to Mr. Alston's despatch No. 350 of the 14th May, 1920, an Anglo-Chinese Educational Committee has been formed at Shanghai on the initiative of a Chinese gentleman, Mr. C. C. Nieh, to try and co-ordinate all efforts to send Chinese students and artisans to Great Britain and generally to approach the matter on business lines.\" His Majesty's consul-general says: \"In view of the activity of the American and French Governments, some such organisation on our part appears vitally necessary.\"\n\n2. Through the British commercial community in China. Their wishes on this question have been formulated at the conference of the Associated British Chambers of Commerce of China and Hong Kong (28th November, 1919). Article 12 of the resolution there adopted runs as follows:\n\nThis conference attaches the utmost importance to the education of Chinese on British lines, regrets that His Majesty's Government has not replied to important memoranda sent to it from responsible bodies in China, and urges upon His Majesty's Government the remission of a portion of the Boxer indemnity, or the adoption of other means, in order to aid British educational institutions for Chinese in the Far East, and to meet the cost of educational and vocational training and experience in the United Kingdom to selected Chinese students in adequate numbers, having regard to the present extremely disadvantageous position of Great Britain in this respect, and to the trade benefits to the United Kingdom which must follow the return of Chinese students favourably disposed towards British methods and products.\n\nThe British Chamber of Commerce for Tien-tsin goes still further, and proposes the institution of a form of education rate to be levied on registered Chinese companies (Mr. Lampson's despatch No. 123 of the 8th March, 1920—and see below, p. 151).\n\nIn a memorandum from His Majesty's Commercial Counsellor of Legation, Peking, he states, \"We believe that recent conversations have taken place in London in reference to the training of Chinese students in England. Applications for information as to what steps should be taken by a student before departure, or on arrival in England, with a view to getting advice as to suitable courses of study and facilities for technical training reach the Legation from all parts of the country. As soon as any organisation has been established, even in a tentative way, we should be very glad of information.\" Further, Mr. Alfred Sze, former Chinese Minister in London, announced in his farewell message to the press: \"If Anglo-Chinese co-operation is to become fruitful, it is essential that some proportion of the younger generation of Chinese be brought under the direct influence of British ideas and methods through and by means of education. The British must encourage and attract to their country some of the makers and workers of the China of tomorrow.\"\n\nNorth China Herald, which is the most representative organ of the British community in China, in an article dated the 4th December, 1920, regrets the deplorable failure up to the present of Great Britain to take steps for the education of Chinese on British lines.\" It continues, \"With the striking success that has attended the efforts of the United States in this matter, and the promising work in this direction now being undertaken by France, the omission of the British Government to follow these excellent examples cannot but be regarded with profound disappointment.\"\n\n3. Through the British commercial community at home. The China Association, which is representative of British interests in China, has drafted a scheme to anticipate the pressure which will probably be brought to bear in 1922 to remit the Boxer indemnity, by applying it at once for education in China (China Association letter and memorandum of the 7th December, 1920).\n\nPrivate letters have also been received from the British Electrical and Allied Manufacturers' Association, and from the British Engineering Standards Association. The latter have handed in a memorandum strongly urging a plan corresponding with that of the American and French Governments.\n\n4. Through the authorities of His Majesty's Government. The question was fully investigated during 1917-18 under the direction of His Majesty's Legation at Peking. The results of this enquiry were embodied in Sir J. Jordan's despatch No. 348 of the 23rd July, 1918. Sir J. Jordan notes that we, as a nation, have in recent years done very little to promote education on British lines\"; and he endorses Mr. Wilton's proposal that the unpaid amount of the Boxer indemnity should be made available for this purpose. In his despatch No. 40 of the 23rd January, 1920, he returns to this subject, and observes that since the 1918 report \"the position of our educational institutions in China has become exceedingly precarious owing to the abnormally high exchange. There is grave danger of their absorption by wealthy American educationalists.\" Mr. Lampson, in his despatch No. 123 of the 8th March, 1920, again urges that something definite in the desired direction may be evolved at an early date. Sir C. Eliot, who was for several years vice-chancellor of Hong Kong University, says: \"It is a question of primary importance for our influence in China\" and he strongly urges that the remission of the Boxer indemnity for educational purposes is a matter which ought to be brought before the Cabinet.\n\n5. Through the missionary bodies. His Majesty's Foreign Office has received numerous appeals from various missionary bodies urging the importance of this question in general, and in particular asking for support for their own activities in case of a remission of the Boxer indemnity. Among others, the directors of the London Missionary Society have passed a resolution requesting His Majesty's Government to consider the possibility of applying the Boxer indemnity to the education of Chinese. Other letters have been received from the Board of Foreign Missions of the Presbyterian Church in Canada (pointing out the facilities for Chinese students in Canada), the Christian Literature Society for China, the Mukden Medical College, the Anglo-Chinese College, Tien-tsin, the Westminster College, Chuanchow, &c.\n\n6. Through educationalists at home. Dr. Shipley, of Christ's College, Cambridge, has written to Lord Curzon, offering his services in furthering any scheme to bring Chinese students to English universities. He had been much impressed by the numbers which he had seen in the universities in America.\n\n7. Through the press. The question has been taken up in a series of paragraphs and articles in the \"Daily Mail\" (the 27th November to the 16th December, 1920). The small number of Chinese students in Great Britain (under 270) is contrasted with the large numbers in America and France. As a remedy, a remission of the Boxer indemnity is urged. \"Such a graceful concession would have far-reaching and beneficial effects, especially on trade and commercial developments. It would obviously be a good stroke of business.\" It is rumoured that the Northcliffe press intend to pursue the matter further.\n\nEducational Activities of Great Britain and other Nations.\n\nOne of the principal arguments employed by those who urge that His Majesty's Government should take up this question, is that other nations, notably United States of America and France, have already done so, and that we shall be soon outdistanced by our competitors.\n\nUnited States of America. In 1907, the number of pupils in elementary schools in China were about the same for the American as for the British establishments, but in secondary schools the Americans had twice as many as the British, and in colleges five times as many. In 1908, a further impetus was given to the American activities by the famous remission of the Boxer indemnity.\" The American share of the indemnity had been provisionally estimated in 1901, at about 5,000,000. It was then examined by a special claims court, and it was decided to demand from China not the entire cost of the expeditionary force, but a sum to cover the difference between the war cost in the field, and the peace cost in garrison. This difference\n\n338",
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        "id": 494020,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-478 - Public Offices & Others - 1922",
        "page_number": 412,
        "title": "CO129-478 - Public Offices & Others - 1922",
        "content_text": "APPENDIX I.\n\nCopy of Telegram from Viceroy to Secretary of State for India, dated Delhi, 2nd March, 1922.\n\n526IT. Your telegram dated 13th January, No.174. Imperial Wireless Telegraph Chain. With every desire to assist in execution of scheme which has been approved by the Cabinet and the Imperial Conference, and to secure advantage of State ownership and direct control, and keenly alive as we are to risk of entrusting this service to a company which may possibly secure a monopolist control, we have re-examined the position and are confronted with following difficulties in the way of our undertaking it.\n\nPara. 2. Firstly, we are definitely unable to provide funds at present. The work is not likely to be remunerative and would have to be financed from revenue. We are informed that figure mentioned by you is probably a serious under-estimate. Moreover, it does not include expenditure on account of royalties, patent rights or defensive measures.\n\nSecondly, we have not the staff to undertake the work.\n\nThirdly, we are doubtful whether the Assembly and the general public would endorse the policy.\n\nPara. 3. Position stands thus with regard to communication between the Allied Kabul and Tiflis: we have taken into consideration...\n\nPage 406\n\n \n(expected three lines at the bottom, if available, please provide the rest of the text)\n\n(if the original text has the following lines at the bottom of Page 405 and top of Page 406 like: \"8.\", \"ray\", \"* 2\", they should be kept as is)\n\n(the rest of the text is not available in the given snippet, if you have more text, please provide it)",
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    {
        "id": 501818,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-491 - Public Offices - 1925",
        "page_number": 64,
        "title": "CO129-491 - Public Offices - 1925",
        "content_text": "62\n\n4\n\nthe results and gradually extending the abolition to other parts of China The difficulties of this procedure are that the full surtax of 7 per cent. would have to be imposed on goods entering particular provinces, and this would appear to necessitate a cordon of custom-houses round the provinces in question, and that goods entering these provinces may have already paid li-kin in transit through other provinces. These difficulties might to some extent be minimised, though not entirely removed, if, instead of individual provinces, groups of provinces, or trade areas dependent on the several ports of entry for foreign imports, were taken as the units for abolition.\n\n3. The rate of li-kin might be periodically reduced by a uniform percentage. The difficulty of this procedure is that the Chinese Government has insufficient control over the provinces to ensure that the reduction is uniformly and fairly applied, and that the existing rates of li-kin vary so widely that it would be difficult or impossible to check whether any particular rate had been bonâ fide reduced. Moreover, this method would do nothing to reduce the obstruction to trade due to the existence of li-kin barriers.\n\n4. The opportunity might be taken of exploring the possibility of effecting the partial or complete abolition of li-kin on foreign trade by means of a scheme of compensation in the form of a pro ratâ distribution of customs revenues among the provinces, accompanied by a system of refunds from the customs administration for illicitly collected li-kin. There are, of course, grave objections to and difficulties in the way of distributing actual customs revenues, i.e., the proceeds of the import and export duties, amongst the provinces; but it is possible that these difficulties might be overcome by arranging that, while the customs revenues proper should continue to accrue to the Central Government, the proceeds of the consolidated li-kin collected by the customs (the transit pass fees), which have hitherto gone to Peking, should in future be allocated to the provinces through which the goods pass.\n\nA possible method of dealing with the problem on the above lines, with the development of extending, as far as may be practicable, transit pass privileges to all goods, whether native or foreign, moving about the main trade routes, without reference to their provenance or ultimate destination, is indicated in article 1 of the scheme for a settlement of the questions before the conference, which is attached as Annex(M) to these notes. One of the drawbacks to this method of dealing with the li-kin problem lies in the fact that the certification of goods moving about the country would continue to be a feature of the new system; and it is generally admitted that the multiplication of certificates and the resulting establishment of barriers for the inspection thereof constitute to no small extent the evil in the present system. But it is understood that without a system of certificates the customs administration would be quite unable to effect a satisfactory pro ratâ distribution of the proceeds of transit pass fees amongst the provinces.\n\nHis Majesty's Government incline to the view that the course outlined above under 4 represents the most promising method of dealing with this difficult problem and making material progress towards the speedy abolition of li-kin. It is a matter of common knowledge that the trouble in connection with the existing system has arisen largely from the fact that the provincial authorities, if they have not deliberately obstructed, have at least been notoriously dissatisfied with, an arrangement under which foreign trade escapes the provincial li-kin in return for transit dues paid to the Central Government. It is understood that in certain provinces, such as Shantung, for instance, transit passes are little used because the local authorities gain their end by keeping the provincial li-kin rates at or below the level of that of transit pass fees, so that foreign merchants pay the former in preference to the latter; while in other provinces the foreign oil companies, in order to secure the goodwill of the Provincial Administrations, have recently concluded special agreements for the payment to the latter of special internal duties at transit pass rates instead of using transit passes.\n\n5\n\nSuggestions for dealing with the problem of the consumption taxes, on the lines in the first instance of limiting the amount and determining the circumstances under which such dues may be levied pending their eventual abolition, will also be found in the scheme above referred to (see Annex(M)), as well as suggestions for settling the question of the irregular 20 per cent. consumption tax on cigarettes, now being enforced with greater or less effectiveness in most of the provinces. These latter proposals provide for the imposition of taxation on wines and tobacco beyond the limits of the surtaxes sanctioned at Washington, and would therefore, if adopted, entail special reference to the Governments concerned. It would, however, be a matter of grave disappointment to His Majesty's Government if the opportunity afforded by the Special Conference were allowed to pass without obtaining a settlement of this vexatious question of the taxation of cigarettes, and it is difficult to see how this can be effected without going so far as this particular class of commodities is concerned beyond the limits of the tariff increases conditionally agreed to at Washington.\n\nII. THE COAST-TRADE DUTIES.\n\nClosely connected with the abolition of li-kin is the question of coast-trade duties.\n\nUnder the present system, native goods shipped from one Chinese port to another in foreign-built ships (junk trade being regulated under a different system) pay export duty at the port of departure and half import duty at the port of arrival; the latter is generally described as coast-trade duty, and is returned as such under a special heading in the customs statistics, though the export duty, which is not placed under a separate heading but included in export duties generally, is equally a tax on coast trade. These duties are levied by the Chinese maritime customs. It should be noted that any increase in the customs tariff will automatically increase the coast-trade duty (i.e., the half import duty) unless special provisions are made.\n\nThere is an intimate connection with li-kin in that the latter plays the equivalent part for internal trade which these duties play for coast trade. It would be only logical that the abolition of the coast-trade duties should synchronise with that of li-kin; otherwise the coastal trade would be penalised pro tanto in relation to internal trade, though there are probably few points at which the two are in effective competition.\n\nIt would, therefore, appear appropriate to raise the question of the coast-trade duties in connection with the discussion of the preparations for the abolition of li-kin Failure to secure the abolition of li-kin would not necessarily prevent the abolition of the coastal-trade duties, as these are collected by the Chinese maritime customs. Such abolition might even be agreeable to the Chinese, and might serve as an incentive to the abolition of li-kin.\n\nThe principal difficulty is the diminution which the abolition of these duties would produce in the revenues of the Chinese maritime customs. In 1920 the total maritime customs revenue was approximately 50,000,000 taels, or, say, 75,000,000 Chinese dollars. Out of this, the \"coast-trade duties\" (i.e., the half import duty) accounted for approximately 3,750,000 dollars, while export duties levied on goods shipped from one Chinese port to the other amounted to approximately 7,500,000. If, therefore, the half import duty is abolished, it will mean an approximate loss of 5 per cent. of the total customs revenues; or if the export duty on coastal trade is also abolished, the approximate loss will be 15 per cent. Even though these losses would of course be more than covered by the 24 per cent. surtax, so large an inroad into the customs revenues could not be sanctioned without a serious examination of the points involved.\n\nThe question of the coast-trade duties should, therefore, be borne in mind and brought up for discussion at a favourable moment at the discretion of the British delegates, who, after exploring the ground, will be in a better position to judge how far any relief in this direction is practicable. With a view to presenting the problem in a concrete form, the scheme contained in Annex(M) provides for the abolition of both the coast-trade duties proper and the export duties on goods carried coastwise, and their replacement by transit dues levied at the same rate and in the same way and for the same purposes as on land and river-borne goods.\n\nIII. EXCISE ON NATIVE MANUFACTURES.\n\nAnother subject closely allied to the question of li-kin is that of native manufactures competing with foreign imports.\n\nThere is a provision under section 9 of article 8 of the Mackay Treaty requiring the imposition of an excise duty of 10 per cent. ad valorem on machine-made yarn.",
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        "id": 504647,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-495 - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [11-12]",
        "page_number": 516,
        "title": "CO129-495 - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [11-12]",
        "content_text": "20\n\non the Shameen also contributed to a settlement of the \"strike.\" The merchant volunteers eventually came to blows with the Government forces over the disposal of the \"Hao\" arms, and after a pitched battle in the streets of Canton were easily crushed. They had counted on the help of some of the Yunnanese mercenary leaders, who, however, saw on which side their bread was buttered, and naturally took the course by which their own hold on Canton was strengthened. This gave fresh encouragement to the extreme elements, and only the collapse of the Chihli party and Wu Pei-fu in North China averted for the moment fresh trouble in Canton. Kuomintang influence, fostered by the Soviet, had steadily permeated throughout China, and from being confined to the single province of Kwangtung, had become an important political factor in the country. It had now a \"People's army\" in the troops of the Christian general; and at the military academy at Whampoa, near Canton, cadets were being trained in batches to form at the same time an officer cadre and a trained corps of propagandists. It is worthy of note that the bulk of these students were not natives of Kwangtung, but came from other parts of China and from abroad.\n\nDr. Sun's departure for Peking and his death there in March 1925 may be briefly mentioned. Although he had been in precarious health for more than a year, yet his great personality proved a strong rallying point for all those opposed to the feudal and autocratic rule of the military governors, and had acted as a curb on the more extreme elements among the party. The position of the Yunnanese (to whom were allied the Kwangsi) troops in Canton was particularly affected, as they had consistently been on the moderate side and cared for nothing but the retention of their sources of revenue in Canton. They meditated a coup d'Etat in April 1925 to gain supreme control, but were deterred by the fact that the Cantonese army and the corps of military cadets lay on the East River region, and were supported by the armed labour unions and the student organisations in the city. They were, moreover, short of arms and ammunition, which their opponents drew in quantities from some hidden source, and the seizure of the arsenal proved abortive as the workmen were at once called out on strike. Towards the end of May they were attacked by the Cantonese forces, commonly known as the Reds, and after hard fighting, driven out of Canton, where the advanced elements are now in supreme control.\n\nTo gain a true appreciation of the situation in Canton, it must be remembered that of the enormous population of the province of Kwangtung only a small minority are members of the Kuomintang, the number in Canton, according to a recent estimate, being 15,000. In the country districts the labour and agricultural unions support the party; in the towns its strength lies in the labour unions (the formation of which, as opposed to the old guilds, is sedulously fostered), the students, the officials (even down to the most insignificant paid employees), and all articulate and educated sections of the people generally, with the exception of the merchants, who are, moreover, timorous and badly organised. One of the planks in the party programme is the revision of all unequal treaties, including every matter which affects China's sovereignty and which they feel constitutes a standing disgrace to China's national pride. They claim, for example, the immediate restoration of all foreign concessions, consular jurisdiction, control of the Maritime Customs, &c. - at one fell swoop. There is for them no midway step.\n\nWhile there has been no general anti-foreign feeling among the common classes in Canton, it does exist to a large extent among the intelligentsia, particularly the students, who create an effect out of proportion to their numbers, as the class of \"literati\" has always been the most respected in China. It has also been connived at, if not actually encouraged, by the Chinese authorities, particularly since the Washington Conference led China to believe that the foreign Powers were already prepared to surrender all their rights and privileges in China, and give up immediately every safeguard for the protection of the lives and property of their nationals, during a period of great disorder in China.\n\nThe Canton press, in name free, is notoriously under the thumb of the Kuomintang, and has done much in recent months to inflame public opinion by exaggerations or misconceptions of matters relating to foreigners. The example of Turkey in successfully defying the foreign Powers has been of great inspiration to the Chinese, who know that the Powers are now exhausted after the Great War, and, besides being disunited, are apparently unwilling to enter into further commitments abroad.\n\nThere are few modern industries in Canton, and in none is any foreign capital interested. They amount to a tannery, motor-boat and launch building yards, a cannery, rice-hulling mills, stocking factories, silk filatures, and match factories; of these, only the last two are in any way important.\n\n21\n\nIn all labour conditions are very bad, as the workers belong to no union, and women and small children work long hours under unfavourable conditions. Organised labour in Canton is practically confined to the skilled trades, artisans, seamen, and cargo handlers, &c., and these have often successfully struck for increased wages and shorter hours. Labour in Canton is in every way as independent and impatient of control as labour in Great Britain, and it is from the ranks of organised labour in Canton that the Kuomintang draws its chief support. They have, however, been taught to regard the foreigner as one of the main obstacles towards the full achievement of the revolution, and look forward to the Democratic programme with its principles, as laid down in the testament of their deceased leader.\n\nThe Kuomintang authorities have repeatedly disowned any connection with Communism, which they aver is totally unsuited to Chinese conditions, and they assert that their friendship for the Soviet authorities is due to their admiration of the success of the Russian revolution, and the inspiration derived therefrom. They are naturally led to contrast unfavourably the professions of goodwill and active assistance of the Soviet Government with the attitude of the other Powers, who, they fear, wish to keep China in a state of tutelage, but, on the other hand, they sincerely believe that all good men and true belong to the Kuomintang, and seek to impose the party programme (by force if necessary) on the whole country.\n\nJapan has for the past year pursued a policy of conciliation with China and avoided all cause of offence, but without making much headway, so long as the twenty-one demands remain denounced; America is, rightly or wrongly, regarded as the friend of China, the one Power who has never sought any concession for herself in China; while Great Britain has to fight against the atmosphere of mistrust inherited from the past history of her relations with China. It is Great Britain, with her subject peoples and her history of conquest in India and Egypt, who is constantly denounced in the press and by the student body as the \"arch-imperialist\" and the oppressor of China. She is the butt of most of the attacks, owing to her strong attitude and lack of sympathy with advanced political ideas. Soviet agents have been active in creating such propaganda and in directing its dissemination throughout China. Several are employed in Canton and at the Whampoa military academy, and have been seen in the streets of the city accompanied by guards of Chinese soldiers.\n\nAmerican, and especially American missionary, influence has also been to some extent anti-British. Their aim has always been more altruistic and less self-seeking than ours. This cloud of misrepresentation it is hard to penetrate, and it is difficult to persuade the average Chinese that Britain's sole object in China is trade. They point to the numerous shackles at present imposed on China's independence, and ask for concrete tokens of our goodwill. They themselves are to be the judges of what China is entitled to receive, and they resent well-meant efforts to rescue them from themselves and prescribe the steps by which their goal is to be attained.\n\nThe average Cantonese student or graduate can only be described as a half-educated product. He has learnt but a smattering of Western culture, along with scraps of the most extreme Social-Democratic principles, and the leaven of new ideas rising in his mind, with its new-felt consciousness of national pride, has created within his heart a burning indignation at the inequality of China among the nations. Unfitted for self-control by the destructive tendencies of the age and by his sudden release from the bonds of clan life, he cannot turn his mind to constructive plans for the restoration of law and order, and the eradication of widespread graft from his troubled country, but, instead, has his energies diverted by interested parties to the task of restoring China to the place among the nations which she certainly deserves, but which she is as yet unfitted to occupy.\n\nThe Executive Committee of the Kuomintang, which took control after the death of Dr. Sun, has, among other activities, fostered the establishment within the past year of an Anti-Christian Alliance, an Anti-Imperialist Countries League, a Union of Soldiers, Students, Workers and Agriculturists, and a General Labour Federation of all artisans and organised labour in Canton, Hong Kong and Macao.\n\nIt cannot too strongly be emphasised that, apart from strikes against the imposition of new and excessive taxation, industrial movements in Canton hardly affect the foreigner in the south at all, labour being so cheap and so little dependent on mechanical devices; all movements directed against the foreigner have had a light industrial foreground with a large and ominous political background. In practice, it is almost impossible to distinguish between the two issues.\n\nThere is among the non-missionary foreign element in Canton a general feeling of concern at the licence allowed by the Chinese authorities to the students and other irresponsible elements.\n\n595",
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        "id": 504734,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-495N  - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [11-12",
        "page_number": 2,
        "title": "CO129-495N  - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [11-12",
        "content_text": "Cleans and Disinfects in One Operation. REMEMBER\n\nNO SOAP, NO STRONG CAUSTICS.\n\nNO DANGEROUS DISINFECTANTS\n\nARZ WANTED THE \"CARBOLACENE\n\nREGULARLY\n\nWALKER\n\nREGO CARBOLACENE\n\nFRAGRANT\n\nCLEANSER DISINFECTANT\n\nAn Active Disinfectant and Cleanser for use in Hotels, Institutions and in the Home,\n\nUsed by the British & Foreign Governments.\n\nSole Makers for -\n\nW. & F. WALKER, LTD., Liverpool, England.\n\nSole Agents- ANDERSON & ASHED.\n\nQue's Buildings.\n\nINSURE\n\nFOUR\n\nMOTOR\n\nCAR\n\nWITH\n\nGILMANS.\n\nTHE\n\n\"OCEAN COMPREHENSIVE POLICY\n\nhousehold.\n\n[24\n\nA Welcome Visitor\n\nat any\n\ntime in\n\nevery\n\nEvery\n\nBug, Flea, Beetle, Moth, Fly, etc., dies once it has come into proper contact with\n\nKEATING'S\n\nMARTIN'S\n\nAPIOL & STEEL Sure and certain for all Female complaints. Every lady should keep a box in the house.\n\nChemists and Stores sell them throughout the world. Proprietors MARTIN, Chisholm, Southampton Row.\n\nUNCLAIMED TELEGRAMS.\n\nAT THE GREAT NORTHERN TELEGRAPH CO.\n\nFROM\n\nADURYS ED Petrovitch, 32, Nathan Rd. Shanghai\n\nfragoon Sheinm\n\nTokyo Shouzhai Shanghai\n\nKisty Simpson\n\nBorghie Cassic\n\nBang\n\n-hal\n\nJAR\n\nMercery...\n\nAndrew Tr\n\nJonicbole\n\nL\n\nAbig Amay Totolas Chicago, Ulincin\n\nAT THE EASTERN EXTENSION, AUSTRALASIA AND CHINA TELEGRAPH CO.\n\nADDRESSED\n\nHeatley Rinorez Yardley Celly\n\nFrom\n\nLender\n\nDaina\n\nSu Franciaco\n\nTHE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, FRIDAY,\n\nTHE BUDGET PASSED (CONTD.).\n\nyaw open he deducted from the total\n\nwould place Hongkong in und danger of a water famine for fleen gewes\n\nLust of the Department is will be seen reset. Yet, won ave years of the that the department costs only about $200,000 per un to run, apart from the salaries of use we cadet others in the department and on or two metibars\n\nstedssful construction of that reservoir Hongkong was agus confromed ly water shortage sa ne costred also in the earlier pars if this year, i think the\n\nof the cleries) stali which are provided jeovision is inevituste Lant Dere is for leewhow. y Honous la friend by Nature herself the\n\nNOVEMBER\n\n5FR.\n\nBOGUS DIPLOMAT.\n\nFREL MOTOR-CAR TOUR.\n\nACTING FOR PRINCE OF WALES,”\n\nPARI\n\nÁn dadarions series of frauds by a minu\n\n1926.\n\nFOOTBALL.\n\nCLUR DE RECREIO Is XI.\n\nS.C.A.4. 1st XI.\n\nTeams representing these Caly will et in tegne match at the Regrou's who represented himself as a member afgrond, King's Park, tomonow, kick-off the staff of the British Embassy clituged\n\nand a special mission ou half at the The Reevein's team is as follows:-M Prince of Wales, a nursed by the Per M. da Silva. W t\n\npiguen prependant of the Bha de taptain), CF iteraedius. A Atlas\n\nRUGBY,\n\nFL.R.F.C. * ENGINERE ARTIFICERS.\n\nThere will be a catch between these teams at the Royal Navy ground, King's Pack, Kowloon, to-morras. Kick-off. 4\n\nP.201\n\nThe following have been selected to play for the Chi Laotiert, Liatr\n\nBlairisgley and Trages; Morrison, Ler\n\nPuree Using the are of Lord Remedios, A. V. Remedios, 12. P. Xavier, i aui Miline (cnplain), Póster, M. Smith,\n\ntrientales, upon the Sensor for the Depertinent, and japon Colonel Blachere, military erminander of the region, stat ing that he had been instapeter to par-\n\nClub de Racrei ad XI. r. 8.0.\n\nAlhalic Association,\n\nis referising reels to the cost of the case saputorial on position is loux searching stab and corridors that too kung land. Endell, wuite apart from must is spent in searching steamers for the wase; supp's question, the cablu, the inutividani in question call-id. P. Fuertes, A. Losang. J. M. da ours and list grugs I would emorye box of the vatani sets very strict iuits the Prefect of die Pens | Siha, and A. J. Brown, than relive service is absolutely to the practicability of hoana babita neentary in a port of this slae and in\n\nnon. There art, moreover, engout re portiure, closely insted his in to a\n\nSoge #gatus, maxing the islami dependan foreign contry. Search has to on made for its water apon the maidand. There for exciele and antialle articles and fore, akhough. I fear that we shall never for prohibited imports. We have also be able to dispense with rider auine certain interjunal obligations in these the flan, het web doubties will utiere, cod shine ang sourched on operate as encouragement to add matter of routine. It is quive itaposiole tonal population to settle in Kaulugu questions raised by y Honourable duty to exannine all j Friend. The fact thar, 4,30 pounds of water storage on the sand itself, and which be made an ratensive four of the Accumpeau.\n\nThie match will be payed on the Re-1 chaec a villa on the Côte Vermeille Forreio's groun, Kiug's Park, Lo-earrow, the Peince of Wales.\n\nkick-not at 245 pudar.\n\nA pram of noble boating, speaking\n\nThe Secret team wall be:--L. M.\n\ncat, Hankey, Light Weish. Sergt Steyer, Seval Bruno. Beveridge and Mefatyre.\n\nHOCKEY.\n\nTODAY'S GAMES.\n\nThe following will represent the Univer\n\nhis story opted without the east susen, J. Lira captu). C. Figueiredo, de Recio coday at 5.15 p.n on the Treinb and English perivetly, he found Perunades, L. A. Gomes, C. d'Assmagsity is hockey match against Ch\n\nthe cal authorities. whu Bonce, A. F. Carvalho. Ruza Pereira, University football groundA. A. Ariz 19 pisin Pion in\n\nto give oxset Agaces in answer to the rather itan is Hongalisios of father lend this disposal a motor car. in A. J. Mauris L. A. da Roche, and B. fraptains, Dr. F. X. Ashton, Lim Pon\n\noptain 4 fire seine anal 45,000 rounds of these pastilities are now being in damagnitions. 57,000 contraband cigavestigated. reites 3,500 gallons of spirits and 6,600 ons of danger, dings were seized during is shows the need for an eða tive piramontina utait. Moreover the pre- ventive staff deals wis the investigation officiell optare divans which one volves a very large arent of work on a careful consiferation of the facts think my Honourable end will agree that the tatt is not sxessive for the work which hay to be dozn\n\n3u puticular one pateabai marceir hệ un perivased ospunity or gan pillinn gations has been located and it is al euiated that the wat of wenst vetag i would be a greater than the cost of the pepe linn under the harbour ae designed by the Consulting Engineers Weght also to devise ones como sing our tresh water supplies in Hongkong by asing mắt water on the low towels for Bntly, chets wi no doubt have\n\nsabinge, streef-cleaning, fire-aging and generally for non-potable perposes, Coticed one very serious mission from his rasite is likewise under lige Toy remarks, his ouission is intentional ice and I trust that before long 1 may ae Your Havelienes has informed me thassle to lay the table of this you will senrself deal with the very im vertant question of the waer supply for\n\nVeure a sossinust paver giving foli in forms for on every aspecs of der water\n\n} \n\n$100.\n\nthe Calous and with the remarks of hon, I supply bien. 21 furnishing all the etubers on that subject. One more data secessary for foenutatley our leture should like\n\nto thank\n\ngfficul collenges for their veys flattering rewound he premature to take a tal desi poliny in this respect. Until then it marks on the way the budget was intro- dowed and for the very restrained tona of their reasonable criticism and, espe einily, for their generous appreciation of the services of the virions Government departmente.\n\n1. THE GOVERNOR SUMS UP.\n\nEducation.\n\nOn the subject of euation I wil only already sail that, situated add to what the Colonis Sourctary has\n\nA.E. TA GOTUPNO id: My cordial thanks ne both to the atheist and to the uncial arembers of this Council; for ne ne ant eare which they have: devoted the consideration of the the whole world and the initiation of the budget. My dead is greatest to the spinally Buxlish loy-serot and gir gode Colonial Secretary, who has had no ingredients wing mar oy There shows pains in preparing in expouedag and in\n\nthat in ufucational matters a vitalizing\n\nHongong, woney spent by ss u odana. rice is of the etenst value to British 24 terests in China. Tug is en dra of ad- yertisement and propagands. Partin not good at advartizu artelves and; ly or unfortunately, we, as people, are we are very under propagands. But the public schools sad the aniversities of the United Kingdom are the additating ar\n\ndefending the apply Bill, and whes, sales stil goes out from England 1 am so the whole Council will agree, amly believe that, it we can savesstuhy has discharged a dilbicult task with cun. geois ability thun seo auch the spirit of the British patule saboris and alvidare ete Horakung something of Indented te the cat members vereittes, we shall de more for dish their helpfat criticism and to ihove official interesis in Chica yłem ten possibly be pembery who have taken part in the relieved in any other war Eduentib Rebate for repping to this aritivist, of couraz, le padneted en sourd tuly t bare is Strie Jek Joy me to lines and a political propaganda Gust excluded ont euz adura- on which I propone la rough, parents thus tional i Colony's water supply and the subject of education\n\na. There arŋ, in fet, only two poists !.bs natuiiishraeus. Tsui, subirer to\n\nColony's Water Supply. Ever since I that loow Henging, woes The quarter of a century go, the in sutticiuc of the Colony's water supp has been a cause for anxiety, can weit remember the days when tied r\n\nsheet prozigos, am convinced list the moncy we spend on advention is a very good arstiteat, and I are glad ir los from the speech of the Senior Chinese Miscber that he and his colleague In\n\nut grutee it.\n\nI now own to the Cancil the motion,\n\nwhich has aireury hem mover and\n\ntonement house iu o ting Forgatseaded, tant de supply Bill be read a\n\ncime of note water shortage and hud, segond time.\n\nto setu my zerranis with backets dow\n\nto Praga, where they\n\nsterd in a\n\nqueue to get water iron lots which brought it across the bay bots from Wai Lamb uns cu the malaland.\n\ntherefore with every apathy for the Glumus mau ibnet the levels\n\nflo. Bir Husa Peursex: May I spea MD Arun of the pointe which have been i red.\n\nILE. THE Veason: I am afraid go Caszob allow it.\n\nThe Standing Onies do aut\n\nHongkong and with invaderiar•Ung Hon. Sa Hay PoiLock has been\n\nof dieir male a ruladatos doring & the ecco in this Council to ready to water facing the 2 have studied tre matters raised in the outs of rhodit. proposal to ask the island dependantcussion.\n\nthe miniland for much of its water\n\nR.E. THE GRENOU. The Bavel may\n\nonce on the second reading of a Bill Conado has a right to mene more tran\n\nYna y pesk us say then you ke\n\nthe Committee stage.\n\ncools. Let me, however, fest consider as the edit to reply. No member of this matter from the point of new of kowison. I am convinse the years come, awing paully to the limitatione which Natone has rapused on Hory- Rong a partly to the advantages which\n\nThe Hill was icy read a second time, Naturn hus bektared upon Konon, Tue\n\nComan went in sanilia to on- grcatat portion of the Cabay'a popun Bon will hats the uainland ather then sider the Oil viure la dise and Ha The wows-planning shoe Hey Fobock then raised a center of and the Farlane development sideme for\n\nquestions which were unsered by H Kowloon Invs then prepared vety wizely The Govezo nd other ricmbers of\n\non a generava scale and 36 s mrahornell. No amenduents were made to able that in future yes the norther the Bin Custee and opon Couteil alores of our barbour wil e jahached rowing,\n\nay & population ci Feiller JROTH The Cowaru SeCESTARY Moved the Chinese ani thar there will be residences third reading.\n\na aing the slopes of the Kowie The BOLONIAL Turns seconded and ange, and especially as its castern end, the Bii was read rd time and sumers as in the Peak Distric.passed.\n\nThe populata of the Colony has in the E. Tap overrun thurk hour. Pas crease at a phenomenat rate andante buombers very airvurely for the there is n voron why it should not evi-\n\nVision they have made for best year.\n\ntinue to do so in the fetare. I bax Courel and adjourned zinc đen,\n\ndoabled during the past ten years Now\n\nwe are a present only completing the\n\nfast plage of the Sheng Mun rabicy ivatar corts scheme. Hat when that\n\nsebeme has heretter been developed to\n\nla y capacity\n\nthe water supply\n\nREGULATIONS IN MASSES.\"\n\nBefore the 18s of Wight Bench, when\n\nfrom it will, so t are told, caly uffice for a tener was summoned for a bicach or bition soule te arison must be the regulations quic under the deplete considered the shore of the weds of the tion of Animal Aet by failing to ghiuping of this great port, which shoul\n\nfor six days a pedigeen belt brough\n\nhe supplied entheis from the metuland. from the Channel Islausts, the saticito Therefore in my pins the progressive for the defence ploaded genovace of the\n\ncveiremeal of the Stang Mun scherplations\n\nformed of each regulations, and had to to\n\nand back at the unisces posted up. The\n\nstage by atage it probably do no more the clerk of the juices (Mr John than zopple the growing needs of the Parte!) said be and others who had Inerther side of the Daibuer, especially studied the law all their lives were nos in\n\nif, La Bonn 26ay be the case, the supply to Kowloom is hy meter all over the pensule and rider mains are not ineist Fod opens. Eventually there would be nothing luppare fomi Sheng Mus for the and and, a pipe tine were new inid under the barbour, the real would\n\nhe said, was the evi of legislating y\n\nden rizical regulations. Everyone who\n\nhad anything to do with the law Joy\n\nbez statutes were pood, but under\n\nsome statutes power was given to the\n\ny be to compel the cousienrtion of Government departments to make regula\n\nthe second, third and further stages of signs which had to be inid on the table the Sheng Mne schein at an order date of the House of Commons, and it ne and hasten the day rhen water supplies objected to them within a certain perina additional to these in the Sheng Mung oras law. Those regulations ce valley would have to be frusted for the in auch masses that chose concerned entila waland. This is no erent of a wild not innke lisensices quainted wit imagination. My bontrahie bend. Mr.\n\nthen quickly.\n\nBird. has reminded us of the confident The chainman said the dnienian, wodd hopes entertained in 1938 that the con- a nod to simply ny a warning to straction of the Tyram-k reservoir avhers.\n\ni \n\nColei Binchors and asked for a loss Department He then called apon\n\njoi meney, but the eulonel Shought be re-i\n\ngold in the supposed Lord Sahton a pan whom he had seen being marched bebwa twn gendannen in the occupid feratfury, and concranitext his sus pitions to the Prefect, who advised the palier the poster, quick to rule that he was being closely watched, took taxicab to Ehe and there bed an express bound for Paris.\n\nCRICKET.\n\n0.8 40. \"A\". FONGKONG UNIVERSITY\n\nThe A. Salteran, K. T. Loke, A. Baker,\n\nThen, V. Enok, Hernani,\n\nThe following will present the Hong- og Rocker Clan in a wareh with the Horas Selitery on the Marina grand at geday: T. W. Suuthan, W. A. Nowra, Lord, Rankly,\n\n1. Wheeler, 1. Middleton Smith, L. &. R. Dunes, W.. Newman, and Nicbails. the\n\nON SALE,\n\nThis match w take pines tomorrow. I. Savaderson tenpr), White, 2. G\n\nthe Bongtong taiversity ground be sinning at 3.13 p.m.\n\nThe following will repavicur ¡C.8.C.C. A team:-J. H. N Palier inquiries show, however, that, (enplain), E. J. Harper, R. 8. W PA disapointed in one quarter, he runced on, T. W. Carr, C. Nara, T. 12. M ed in another, for during the train Pendered, R. C. Witchsti. R. G. Rober journey between Elne and Narbonne ke son, C. R. Sitey, T. Wastlake, and succeeded in borrowing on from a\n\nP. J. Neill Spanish priest who travested in the same\n\nCape W. Saters. o apartment. The mean is believed to be Bean, of whom the palies have\n\ndetailed des ription.\n\nFue match arranged for to-coorrow be-j tweea C.S.CC tat Team Hongkong Ist. Toast a decu cantalleù.\n\nBOEND VOLUMES of the HONGKONG WEEKLY PRESS, January to June,\n\nWith Isna, Price-$7.50.\n\n1995.\n\nOn male at the Hongkong Dresly Press Office,\n\nThink of \"Johnnie Walker\"\n\nwhen you think of whisky. Then you'll ask for 'Johnnie Walker' and get real whisky. a drop of it\n\nThere's not\n\nthat isn't guaranteed pure\n\nand mature.\n\nJOHNNIE WALKER\n\nGuaranteed the same quality throughout the world.\n\nBORN 1820-STILL GOING STRONG!\n\nAGENTS\n\nCALDBECK, MACGREGOR & Co. Ltd.\n\nSHANGHAI\n\nHONG KONG\n\nTIENTSIN\n\nJOHN WALZER & SONS, LTD., SCOTCH WHISKY DISTILLERS, KILMARNOCK, SCOTLAND.\n\nNORTHERN SITUATION.\n\nHANKOW THREATENED BY YAWG SEN.\n\nTHE COAL DISPUTE.\n\nTHE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, FRIDAY, NOVEMBER STA\n\nFAILINE OF FORLORN HOPES.\n\nIMPERIAL CONFERENCE.\n\nRIFORTS OF COMMITTEES TO BE\n\nCONSIDEREU\n\nBIG FORCES ADVANCING ON\n\nMOVING TOWARDS PEAGE.\n\nSHITISH WIRALESS SERVICE.)\n\nFULL SESSION TO-DAY.\n\nSRITIRO WIRELESS SERVICE. }\n\nBuasy, November 3rd.\n\nSOUTHERNERS.\n\nITHROTGE AR?!TEETH MOENCY.\n\nThe conference of delegatos, represent ing 3,000,000 members of Trailes' Cuions,\n\nRissy, November tvd.\n\nTo emble Ether progress to be medis\n\nRUSSIAN COMMUNIST\n\nCONFERENCE.\n\nTREND TOWARDS SOCIAL DEMO CRACY DENOUNCED.\n\n¡TERIZON REUTER'A AGENCY.]\n\nMoscow, November 4th,\n\nSeco Ordjoni Kidze los ben appoint. Led Chairman of the Contrshing Comain\n\n193.\n\nTERRIBLE MINE DISASTER IN AMERICA.\n\nSURFACE DROPS 809 FEET.\n\nFORTY LIVES LOST.\n\n[enerina's APERICAN SERVICE}\n\nHUANGHAL, November 4th.\n\nLeonsidered to-day he request of the with the work of the various cammirteesi sion of the Covinat Party teplacing i bois lves lo a large routine right suites According to Star Chuan Fang's local Mines Federation fe fusosial assist the taperiat Conternen will not meet in Kalbyahef\n\nheadquarters, General Yang Sex 18 making rapid wegiese tonnvés flankum with a lores el 90, Fr is reported that re has reached an understanding with the military corianders of Heh\n\nThe comlined strength of the various trongs advancing against the Raemiatang amin forena ia catiupted at 20,000\n\nThe Situation on the Yangisse. According to musaoge from Kiukiang, though the Allied tips drove the\n\nance by News of a compulsory jerk,\n\nMe J. H. Thorous, ex-Minister and\n\n30\n\n7\n\nCHINESE ASPIRATIONS.\n\nAN ATTEMPT TO DEFINE THEM.\n\nBRITISH POLICY.\n\nFa a letter to The Times, a writer, who signe himwility Years of Caikas,\"\n\nWhat, seus time to ask, are \"tha legitimer asjárations of the Chinese Isamuse, Michigan, Nov 4th.\n\n¦ people' of which pro hour so much and Vorry mlaers are believed to have beat often, and which, sweeling to a re\n\nsoluzioa paared sareena terring of the Trades Trion Congress, curIn- sway as a rendi of a cove in. A sectionering policy? is supposed to obstruer\n\nt. is possible to answer this question of the sune lice, onsdag of worriedly a coisery but the great mess in! sessing and Friday morning, when\n\nThe Pan Russian Commemat Conier-\n\nground top fear by mi feil 600 feet to of me Cheese page. Their sole aspisa made of the National Tadon of Railway for representation will be considered\n\nsuch emporte of committees as are ready unce opelnded with wanimous resul\n\nthe fat level with an eerie sucking thed | tion certainty legs the cHEAT- men, declared that a compulsory levy was\n\ntrot, wenotneing the oppositiona and the watch was beant les arand. Shaeon of the ferville suderings y hue Considerable progress was made so-day drift towards a Social Demersey, and and mud and varer Sueded the entire euynes ter tin past hve years or\n\ncauteed at the landa of their \"Teltow ona of the question. He pointed out the boys sinaveial burden which the cos\n\nin the exambation of the intricate preemplaatsing its detonation to preserve level, and B. is feared that all mace of mine. A catalogue of these, could it be doppage had placed on this Railwayman's atity by the comsister interested with\n\nblens cotueruing questions vi matice-party unity and u erosh attempus to escape han born a så gi\n\nand other enjeun. The appeal by Mr. A. J. Cook and that subjen, and at the meeting of the\n\nwoher authors' leaders for a compulsory\n\nkonomie Committee matters moder von.\n\nlevy fo on mmpathetic cars and, in weluded taxation of so- Cantonese invaders into Kiangsi. they eventually, an acceptable compromise was through agente or Erwaches and the\n\nresidens trading in the Dovdivos | also have suffered heavily, pan wifound in a revolution which was moved tiability of the State enterprises to of the report regarding the Chrkiang by the Speetary of\n\nthe Instributive\n\nvoi. the Allied Comunnacle parpesny Workers' Coinus. This proposed that the 1xation.\n\nmade his men conontrate slong the Nas werber of the Dales' Unions, who are i chang-Kinking railway lin, for fene that they might be threatened with out-\n\nThe General Counnil of the Trades' Tuiee Congress afterwards issued a state-\n\neffort to achizibute. Ject asking monists to make a special\n\nThe Committes of Price Micleers\n\nEGYPT-INDIA AIR SERVICE.\n\nAVCCESSZOR DEMONSTRATION\n\nFLIGHTS.\n\nworking, should contribute volastalls further considered the problem of inter-\n\nImpovial inlations, and the diessaloni side agitation. Dostest of letting his 15 tkun cae penny per day for the\n\nsupport or the nicer. The Diebusive will be tuned at a meeting of the xroups chats the enemy, Marshal Sun is Workers Tao offered to start a volum\n\nCommiting tomorrow. only devoting hiwait to restoring enay Bud with a motributivo of £9,000; munications, cornogrcial, tepking and how its own resourses This compromise other organisation to their origiasi proposed was adopted. stales, as to win pazar laveur. On the other land. the mein Lady of the Aobwei ang under General Chew Ting Fnce, armbeslag some 12.000 strong she Wero maioned on the left bank of the tho river Yangiar, in co-operaion with aste 1,000 traps belonging in General Yeh Ka Hsin's Hunua seny, are in pures of the Cantores rongs who are provide stuetking over one shilling per by the Imperial Airways for this service\n\ntreating Hinge Mr. Chiang Tor Kus, penes delegate Irum Chokizug,\n\nchouid te in experimental operation be- it appears that at to day's weeting tween London Paris. in dimussing pace torus wile Levers felisy was distinty revealed 10\n\nThe Helca in the rac British pas Chiang Kai Sick, upon his retur debit if micers severe foucis center rachine specially designed for Kinklang, 4 is expedid that Marshal han will decide whether to continue Aghting or arckage for pracc.\n\nA LONDON COMMENT\n\n3. Pontley witing to The\n\nSupy day Word stude\n\nI am ready in confess bay of late bave given up reading about China, and mi the power lime have hot the foun ides what is happening there.\n\nI am quite willing to belive dat is hades of fellow creatures are going Lhrough crisis, and the the fie of the whole world as be found up with the present history of Chies\n\nDay there are so many replicated prises, with which the fate of the world is bend up, so they alces we proted ourselves sonelow we shall never bove\n\nCent's peace of mind\n\neroato sectional strife\n\n...wix.com\n\nTRAGIC DISCOVERY.\n\nMR. A. BRUNNER AND WIFE FOUND DEAD.\n\nLONDON. FOrember sth.\n\n127\n\nU.S. ELECTIONS.\n\n-----\n\nNew York. November pad, TheWols are grea\n\nheartoned with the means of the New York State referentem where a 110,500 resjority Mr. Rogens Brunner, ex Chairman of ze seca State to determine what per | tavoured u request but Congress Jobaran\n\nBrunner, Mond and Company, surt bis centan of alcohol is inensleting. An wife have been found shot dead in their almost idential proposal augears to have house at Korbampton.\n\nbeco prased by Mhaois bg a large sunjos ity, walio Wis.outin favoured 2.75 per FRENCH PLEA FOK US. MURDERERS.\n\nplashed wade generally known, woulé sertainlysingi humanity, a qu k is by no means to the credit of those who must have been til along well acquainted with the farts that He or nothing has been heard of them.\n\nThe aspirations of the merchants and Puell trades-a very large clasanay condently be used as jenna good govemment Lowever detained is the ehvoistances savely a legitimate. leylan, aspiration.\n\nThe aspirations of the principal actors of the tragedy that is being presented to the world by China and of the ioul vefeed chans the hoids the front of the stage, composed of politicians, diplomatists.\n\ncent, aner by two to one. The isa at 2, and audents, are de complex, always so dear in ather Stales and define them here. The most and no attempt car he made io sort theni Bunty voting on the medicationincere au rend various to be lumi the law showed a wet trend. Tropin this class pld, however, it demo repeat the present State laws enter having their aspirations seamed up A norcher of distinguished mebers of prohibition were apparently carried in the vertsnational dependenes\n\nPARIS, Noriber 4th.\n\nto\n\nTile\n\nRetar, November th A series of darmonstration Aights by a An experienced į De Havilland Hevents three-engines air- un on layder patiated that even if a thead which will operate on the new six her bare cameź the right to tive hy working unionista quatribaled one penny cute from Egypt to India were carried fiving rails fuas of execation for five per lay only th0,000 per week weidi bejut yesterday. By the end of new years, aviiside for the miners. This wou week The first of five machines ordered\n\nTHE PLOT AGAINST SPAIN,\n\nTRAISE FOR FRENCH POLICE,\n\nNO BRITISHERS INVOLVED.\n\nLeros, November 3rd. A furiber essage from Perpignan, exklatance from other unions they muallack in the trapies, nad a noticeable that alloguer Sparish and Italian mostly the former have begu - be prepared to accept the ambition of the fextare is the special arra gements Gade rested onion in connertion with coal dispute as suggested 15 the Prades for the comfest of poesengers. Not only\n\nthe Spanish plat. Con Congress as representing those is the cnbir waliloted at a greater exure British, e was at Erst stated,\n\nElection earle 264 Sone of those arrested suggested\n\nthe Paris bar bare signed an appeat to California ad Mouting wile Favela\n\noverwhelmingly voted for a resolation only, & legitinute in a very laudable the United States against the expertos encumeing de present federal law and\n\ncbject of aspiration.\n\nPossibly the T.L.C. and a great, any of Sacco and Vanzetti, They point out deadede e apendress of\n\nother persons as well wit be surprised Cantul Sterns Constirution regards to less that the national independence thek even the Americas judges are int ernhibition Missouri al Colorado ap\n\nof the Chinese people bus from the very sure of their gul, and even guilty.pear to have led down measures in first been one fine principal objeers of\n\n2 the morifiration of the State law.\n\nBibel policy, and that the so called LATER. \"uceque beates of 1801-models of Belated election retains indieste a re- moderation and good will-wore bamed dacties of six and 13 respectively in the carefully to interfece as ele as possible Republican ajrity in the Redste aval with China's covereign rights and to ca House of Representatives. alay sents courage bei ndicals and people to tread are still in the ballot and i the Deaerata be one wh that could pensione less hu capture a few core the western Repub-indeperasuste. Buevey, is the ba Bean urgents, ied by the Wiannokin coutrageglible Int, to be verbied by any grow of which the late Sepstor La Lane who takes the trouble to glady who Folette was leader, will undoubtedly be history of our relations with China. in a strong strategic position, by holding Unfortunately, it gestas to hyve been the balance busween the Demorats autorgattan not by Chinese statesmen and the orthodox Repu>Ticana\n\ndelunatists alone that sovereignty\" Latest Figures.\n\nCalot be confereed by a magician's wand, or ever by u Washington Conier New York. November 4 ence is our state to be enjoyed, but a\n\navailable show fandtion to the expreised. Mercins, Dai the next Serace be composed of deed, mamed it only to the Wise and #7 Detrocrats, one of the Parser Labore | Benevolent Water! Turky, 48 Repathesne, whereof eight are\n\ninsurgents, ad bence thorns To the i The French podion are being honored dech of the Amulsation Six sela\n\nweek for each wirer sad on strike.\n\nthe\n\nunions Disforöuation was expressed to tent than usoni, bor a special sir scoopi belp the wires to preing an unpreât is provided which Altera sir for din adio struggle. Ja London in 15 generally catatan: Marwughout the lateries.\n\nbelieved that the Conference will be con-\n\nCredit for Polica.\n\n| \n\nPn. November d\n\n| wills credit. Für fromvating lous of the is the Honee are duabital bat hitherto most entermined punish evolutionary the Replicas bure a more tears than\n\nand for their teed until\n\nsiderably tolesced by the failure of the EARL. BEATTY'S RESIGNATION 618 For hutched on French territory the Doucurals,\n\nforlorn hopes of the miners leaders,\n\nnuts, regarding the crcburgo ou servign i\n\nPOSTPONED,\n\nBrgey, November 4th.\n\nthe itapliunted non more salely within\n\nthe Le The conspiracy is attributed\n\nin a Cnts ex-Dopyty named Macia.\n\ncost and the compulsory lexy and by the East Beauty who has been Fiza Sawhoy however, caped. The arrested men plain weaking at to-day's craterence. 1\n\nLoud of the Advising and Chief of concertedly attempted 10 sayape when im\n\nInfantry was dented in to mount guard.\n\nis arassidered highly probauls that Winore Nasal Staf siree November, 151, has tied in Phun trap dalyahaw of Our dirilisation has produced so any\n\nFoxerulivo will senk authority to connivade | expreazeri kis desire to be allowed to le Similar Senegade Tailleurs wHIS TO disorders, from weleer to courtoiss which these its \"ery existence that, a settlement on the bush forms that can sign office on complaing a period of\n\nnidecod, baffed, wise to see the uhtalked in districts with the safe - civilization for the Bandos, we hostin\n\ngeintioned at\", Parpagena to control thep imprisona) there, who were revolt\n\nSOUTH AFRICA-INDIAN\n\nCHINA AND THE TREATICS.\n\nNAKIPO THE MOST OF GENEVA,\n\nThe Geneve\n\nthe Forrespondent of Hugging Fest states that Belgiumie ap- per to the Hugue Court against China's quilatere donandiation of the nuequal Customs Fronty daỡng bon 139 wil m no way jafurice Pekang's decision tu maka ben action cortive from Velour 27th at prevent the denunciation of the Spanish and fortuguese treaties later in the year and other une jou treaties as saur as the six wonths' denunciation\n\nto me by Wang King Ky, the Chinese Minister In Bruznets.\n\nEurocan cRITER'S AGENCI\n\nTHE NEW BETTING TAX-\n\nBOYCOTT BY BOOKMAKERS.\n\nPICKET SYSTEM THREAT.\n\nLONDON, November 3rd. There was practically no business in Weating so day, and consequently it was impossible to turn any starting prices. According to Wang, Chien wil: javuke\n\nis is understood that this was due to\n\na boycost of Belgia gucds it themsets the fat that buckmbuers are unable toetuse lo sgiate Customs at and agree ang themselves haw Die betting reciprocat inri fronties along the lines\n\nA geais ated in the reynolic asing on the greani of the unsuitability of Tattoreult's Ming as the Windsor Rave Perise aries. This net was unle Glen shrug our shoulden, out of sheer self-guarding provision lec national privriples. the maximan ing which an officer will the food. Defence\n\nThis, adiy, is for antlement angested in rescined on the Board of the Ad- If we parties in shrugging everything out of dar attention, we shall en bis the Trades Brion Congress. The miraty except a sprint elryumstances. withous abonlines to ghrag, but some granding of auch authorisation by The bay however commented, so the request things, such as (for me) Clška, must be iamisted in the riot of staying we\n\nPolagate tonference woul se an inport of the l'inst Lord, a defer bia vesigns. that we call the world.\n\nant intve towards prese. GENERAL CHIANG KAI SHEK.\n\nDEATH AGAIN REPORTED.\n\nLatest Developments.\n\ntion.\n\nNATIONAL FINANCE, SPRCIAL COMMUNTRE'S FINDINGS.\n\nCose\n\nof treaties already noncladed\" with Gor many and Autria. The British treaties anies be denom.sed legally for eight years, bat Wang believes that credm.\n\nThe\n\nthar\n\nThe incidence of existing tesañon with special aminion conferees at the luneseen. The bet the police piloted him to safety with of the world.\"]\n\nCOAL STOPPAGE AND LIFE ASSURANCE.\n\nACTION BY THE PRUDENTIAL.\n\nPROBLEM.\n\ntax Redd be applied. The altitude of PROSPECTS OF GETELEMENT.\n\n[başkaskers vulndning from oftering prices was gonerally condemned, and ibe Lenox, Novemùre Srd.\n\nopinion was freely expingsed that their We need have no fear of those difi-ion is making the strangest posible tamee wilt serant of abregation before enities or evenally befog antiled to GY, November 4th.\n\nFor the Satroad jau the satisfaction of the one to the other.\n\nterafiarto, Considerable innvortance attacles to\n\nGeneral Herzog, speaking at lun-\n\nMeaza hile. A is evident that Chinese the Miners Delegais Conferemer in holly\n\nWe Want the Wato.\" Seen in Lendos go-üny giver By the Br\n\najataşıman one seaking the most of their SHANODAL, Necember 4th. dou -day and strong hops, restrained Marshal San Chusn Farer's form head-only by the manory of pue disappoiti\n\nBrors, Novezier 4th. uish fudian Buion in the Indian de\n\nL352. ajestien og the Leagur Council. They will quarters have received a faspatch from mente, entertained hot at Set the British system of National furco has Margas of Bouding persided.\n\nAn exhuastive examination of the gates of the Imperial Coulrease. The There is a grong disposition as the vas ienova js a publicity centre, vuiting\n\nmoment, aming the booktankers in Putter į the azue unday Article is of the Core Marahel stafing that the Superin way all be clenged for a puzon effort, tendent of the Aurican Mission les The main out for decision is the date the chainauship of Lord Colwyn The\n\nDuw been coaj leted by a committes urner The function was notable, as being calle Ring to stay away pliogether from ant. mai dertzog's first appearance at i now Windsay Jomorrow. Using the stone | According to dis article of the Coven- pital at Changsha resta essure to the gates will free their exentive finance Caiutee was t Amican Copen at Nanking on October ariesiona and power in to proused in\n\noc by Mr. Philip South African function, while his queeri steps of the staed as a rostrum sproval at the Assemby may from the to Snowder, who was then Chancellby of was noteworthy we the test subiely aggrieved bookmakers halangued the time use the reconeidéention to mera- S to the affect thay General Ching sonich of a sectieraons along the lives the exliegues to February 1994 and its indication feren anyone inside the red and from bets by drifted to burs of the League of treaties which have Fai Shek had died from wounds.\n\nangusted by the Frado Union Congress, terms of incedenes were to rotate and Conference of the faanly froling strong | polities with violens petsons on Mr. Win become inapplicable, and the considere. There is no question of the Conference report on the National Debt and the the conferens,\n\nFurthermore, General sing Churchill. One man who shouted ties of antineliopal conditions where BRITISH PROPERTY DESTROYED\n\nwing specifig patce temps.\n\n\"We Esans to be decried is whether the excreference to their egg on brade, indus\n\nHerring was the sole representative of the Fe want the Tote \"jut a roug's sime dispostimages wight endanger the peace IN HUNAN.\n\nshat Le Sudorised in by for a try, oplosment, and National credis.arquis of Reading, in a speech, wanbly no hum done. AP.C. BUILDING BURNED DOWN.tries, and whether such autherias. It is undergo that the cum titles med Gotural Herizon\n\nfun. if garsed, shall be conditional\n\nBookmakers' Organise Bogenot. dindings are embodied in too reports entirely wrihout restriction.\n\nGeneral Hortzog's Speech, LATRA. which will shortly be handed to the A division of opinion is hely but the Choreitor of the bandoquer,\n\nGeneral Fartzog, regtrias, canplssied It is now resised that the action of deleges are bed with the knowledge The newapapers state that the majority\n\nthol vryne of clase contact in ravoving the hackmakes at Windsor, which thew that any attempt to renew the demand report deals with the gezocal ducis (endersienbuch, presie and hicker the whole carration of holding in a for calling out the safety me or for system in a way that is in nerd witheria) Cuntrance, lure the delegaces to organisal boyants, and acom of there\n\nvandstill throughout the county, was The Prudential Assurance Company ings. That was why he ngareciated the widge\n\nnorances that, \"Bubject to certain easy and secusly accepted pripsiplex, and Sark rentact giving the uneasy or threatened that his would be costumed conditions, policy holdiers au have the thet veldrags Gatsibutions of trade commends unly minor alterations and\n\nnoisy will not alone exabin the dis-djustments the existing methods GẼ deurs and anderstanding. He added to the end of the dat soon wates the arrears of preuvame the base accuupa-\n\nBIAA South Afries and die were try- froth to be cenzused with any hopes of textian 14 minted that the fluding ing to come into closer contact. They is exported at Tattersall's at Winter to-\n\nBax is favouerbiy altered. No okiakerated during unemployment resulting success. Yesterday nearly ons roure by the majority will not, in the existing had had considerable diferences in the grow, while it 24 uuderstool one on their industrial branch policies, from the coal dispune deducted from the dus went back to work, the biggest freinstances, reveamend the inposi-past, but he was convinced that with, single day heat for some tion, and there ton of a capital lovy, but will declare better fual understanding they would publie not to eate thongs Heel of the payments already mute, or suffer, picket system will be organised to induce fustend of heving, forfeit horsfé THE ILL-FATED \"KIANGYUNG.ed with 256,000 a week ago, and 16.000 taxation. is success, however, must de\n\nnow in the pits over 2,000 corpur- that it is a practicat ethed of seducing he appared to mel oue Juncher's re-me en helt or will be held as a reduction in the capital amount of anouth o The miners employed\n\naaghout the entry, appending for read largely or its general acceptance General Hering was boudly cheered today,\n\nfor the etion of the Windsor Before the dispute numbered 1,and evő by the Nation, mat as a potiosi creed when he made the remark noted at\n\nIn a fasacial expedia.\n\nbeginning. He concluded la hoping that\n\nOBITUARY.\n\ndiving the sermainder of their library ARMISTICE DAY IN LONDON.\n\nthey would contine u the happy spiri in which M. Baldwin and the Dominion} Gelegentes had been getting oa at the Con- ferenze, Whers they looked one another face to face and had not been afraid in connection with the anniversay in say what they wanted in\n\nsay Aristine Play next Thursday, which, as\n\n(Applause.) Ja former years will be celebrated roughout 12 fixpire y religious ser. Mr. A. J. Cock has nude the state- vices and the observance of two minots!\n\nSHANOR November 4th. A message received her From Changsh states that the Asiatic Petroɔlepa Com- pany's property at Packing has been brut dewn Also that Messrs. Butter- feld And Swim's property at Changra\n\nve been deatroyed,\" and that soms Wesleyan mizzinecies at Linyang have\n\nem faced to deadpate\n\nAll the awna mentioned chore are in the occupation of Southero troops.\n\nCOMPENSATIOS DEMANDED\n\nw! bo Funile,\n\nABOHAN RECTER'S AGENCY. piy boatsion is AvoidaÄ\n\nJDON, November 3rd.\n\nMarshal Son Chaan Prag is the re ripient of telegrama Tozs the Chis Merchants' Secor Navigation Compeny asking comprenantion for She loss of their\n\n6 appears that the Unions decided vessel, the Kinoguey, which went, done will: 12 hops af Kinking After only to permend and not to ingor Longon coinde n momiantion, she was in levy, because the non-payment of s comptiary by would eutui penalties energing, explored).\n\nLATAR.\n\nHron, November 4th. the last erremony in Whitehall, Louien, Avrangements are now coupleted for\n\nThe angry was coemendered in the stripe of the dis-affiliation of the Ly Suo's troops and the steamship you. Taions not felting the instruction.\n\nas officials requear him to inquire into the actual uning of the futafity. There was a crew of 118 men on road of whichment that the Mind Executive bussenes Accerpanied by the Prince of only were resoned and the company never diesed the question of district Wales, the Duke pants arch starked for the torped of settlements, which thes the remaining se who are believed Josongor honis. and proper wapensation made to the vie is families. They also requnal, in the telegram, th your other of their hips, comorandzerest by Mitula troops,\n\nreipt:S],\n\nhe\n\ngubamunpre\n\ninsur the re-emering employment the policy- holders will. azider the scheme, have his Reggars reduced to four weeks, and wil only have to meet the regular weekly payments; the outstanding balance will BISHOP OF ST, DAYIDE.\n\nbe covered by a suitable deduction to be (made when à clain ansee In the rase The death is announced of the Bishop of a with profit policy this deduction will of St. David's, the Right Rev. John made, noi frain the sum assured, but Usen\n\nGum the bons thereon, and no the huit The Right Rev. John Owen, M.A., bad of the insurances isped by the Pradentind bear Bistry of St. huvida ei.co 1867. me of this description, the vane of the He was born in 1854. And was thus 72 coomon cannot, it is oicially stated, years of age. He was an Oxford scholar. be over-estimated. The deduction can He was ordained Desuon in 1879, Priest, be vanilovi by a silabic payment at 16; Walsh Professor and Classica Loe any time before a claim arises. turer at St. David's College. Lampeter, It pointed on that most of those 1679 Warder and Headmaster of affected by the coal drupate will ron Llandovery College, 1985 $8; Dean of St. work under a heavy burden of kahffity, 4pl, 185 68; racial of St David'sant that lets of the Pedential will College, Lamuser; Cason of 6. Asaph, rethze that the way has been made\n\neasy for them to maintain their policies. i loze.\n\nTHE ATTACK ON MUSSOLINI.\n\nWAS WRONG MAN LYNCHED: York and other wen meutered the Royal Family; the King will\n\nPants, November ul. lng a wreath at the Cenotaph and wil be\n\nA vemarkable statement is mache in present daring the brief service that will\n\na tieuna telagenas to the Paria Widi that be endented there. Surrounding the the boy Zumboni was not the real asi Menotaph will be representative detachant of Msanii but that he was yached\n\ntents of the Eighting services, Mercantile when he was frightened by the aid of 1999-97; when he was mised to th Slatine, and ex-Servicemen,\n\nthe shot and trier to Ben.\n\nBishopvie. I\n\nNearly 800,00 Miners at Work,\n\noxnoy, November 3rd.\n\nA total of 290,67 ders am working, I to-day.\n\nTHE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 5FR, 1926\n\nTHE BUDGET PASSED (CONTD.).\n\nTHE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 5th, 1926\nTHE BUDGET PASSED (CONTD).\nPage 3\n\nyaw open he deducted from the total\n\nwould place Hongkong in und danger of a water famine for fleen gewes\n\nLust of the Department is will be seen reset. Yet, won ave years of the that the department costs only about $200,000 per un to run, apart from the salaries of use we cadet others in the department and on or two metibars\n\nsuccessful construction of that reservoir Hongkong was agus confromed ly water shortage sa ne costred also in the earlier pars if this year, i think the\n\nof the cleries) stali which are provided jeovision is inevituste Lant Dere is for leewhow. y Honous la friend by Nature herself the\n\nBOGUS DIPLOMAT.\nFREL MOTOR-CAR TOUR.\nACTING FOR PRINCE OF WALES,”\nPARI\n\nÁn dadarions series of frauds by a minu\n\n1926.\n\nFOOTBALL.\nCLUR DE RECREIO Is XI.\nS.C.A.4. 1st XI.\nTeams representing these Caly will et in tegne match at the Regrou's who represented himself as a member afgrond, King's Park, tomonow, kick-off the staff of the British Embassy clituged\n\nand a special mission ou half at the The Reevein's team is as follows:-M Prince of Wales, a nursed by the Per M. da Silva. W t\n\npiguen prependant of the Bha de taptain), CF iteraedius. A Atlas\n\nRUGBY,\nFL.R.F.C. * ENGINERE ARTIFICERS.\nThere will be a catch between these teams at the Royal Navy ground, King's Pack, Kowloon, to-morras. Kick-off. 4\n\nP.201\n\nThe following have been selected to play for the Chi Laotiert, Liatr\n\nBlairisgley and Trages; Morrison, Ler\n\nPuree Using the are of Lord Remedios, A. V. Remedios, 12. P. Xavier, i aui Miline (cnplain), Póster, M. Smith,\n\nHOCKEY.\nTODAY'S GAMES.\nPage 4\n\nThe following will represent the Univer\n\nhis story opted without the east susen, J. Lira captu). C. Figueiredo, de Recio coday at 5.15 p.n on the Treinb and English perivetly, he found Perunades, L. A. Gomes, C. d'Assmagsity is hockey match against Ch\n\nthe cal authorities. whu Bonce, A. F. Carvalho. Ruza Pereira, University football groundA. A. Ariz 19 pisin Pion in\n\nto give oxset Agaces in answer to the rather itan is Hongalisios of father lend this disposal a motor car. in A. J. Mauris L. A. da Roche, and B. fraptains, Dr. F. X. Ashton, Lim Pon\n\noptain 4 fire seine anal 45,000 rounds of these pastilities are now being in damagnitions. 57,000 contraband cigavestigated. reites 3,500 gallons of spirits and 6,600 ons of danger, dings were seized during is shows the need for an eða tive piramontina utait. Moreover the pre- ventive staff deals wis the investigation officiell optare divans which one volves a very large arent of work on a careful consiferation of the facts think my Honourable end will agree that the tatt is not sxessive for the work which hay to be dozn\n\n3u puticular one pateabai marceir hệ un perivased ospunity or gan pillinn gations has been located and it is al euiated that the wat of wenst vetag i would be a greater than the cost of the pepe linn under the harbour ae designed by the Consulting Engineers Weght also to devise ones como sing our tresh water supplies in Hongkong by asing mắt water on the low towels for Bntly, chets wi no doubt have\n\nsabinge, streef-cleaning, fire-aging and generally for non-potable perposes, Coticed one very serious mission from his rasite is likewise under lige Toy remarks, his ouission is intentional ice and I trust that before long 1 may ae Your Havelienes has informed me thassle to lay the table of this you will senrself deal with the very im vertant question of the waer supply for\n\nVeure a sossinust paver giving foli in forms for on every aspecs of der water\n\nTHE BUDGET PASSED\n1. THE GOVERNOR SUMS UP.\nEducation.\nOn the subject of euation I wil only already sail that, situated add to what the Colonis Sourctary has\n\nA.E. TA GOTUPNO id: My cordial thanks ne both to the atheist and to the uncial arembers of this Council; for ne ne ant eare which they have: devoted the consideration of the the whole world and the initiation of the budget. My dead is greatest to the spinally Buxlish loy-serot and gir gode Colonial Secretary, who has had no ingredients wing mar oy There shows pains in preparing in expouedag and in\n\nthat in ufucational matters a vitalizing\n\nHongong, woney spent by ss u odana. rice is of the etenst value to British 24 terests in China. Tug is en dra of ad- yertisement and propagands. Partin not good at advartizu artelves and; ly or unfortunately, we, as people, are we are very under propagands. But the public schools sad the aniversities of the United Kingdom are the additating ar\n\ndefending the apply Bill, and whes, sales stil goes out from England 1 am so the whole Council will agree, amly believe that, it we can savesstuhy has discharged a dilbicult task with cun. geois ability thun seo auch the spirit of the British patule saboris and alvidare ete Horakung something of Indented te the cat members vereittes, we shall de more for dish their helpfat criticism and to ihove official interesis in Chica yłem ten possibly be pembery who have taken part in the relieved in any other war Eduentib Rebate for repping to this aritivist, of couraz, le padneted en sourd tuly t bare is Strie Jek Joy me to lines and a political propaganda Gust excluded ont euz adura- on which I propone la rough, parents thus tional i Colony's water supply and the subject of education\n\na. There arŋ, in fet, only two poists !.bs natuiiishraeus. Tsui, subirer to\n\nColony's Water Supply.\nEver since I that loow Henging, woes The quarter of a century go, the in sutticiuc of the Colony's water supp has been a cause for anxiety, can weit remember the days when tied r\n\nsheet prozigos, am convinced list the moncy we spend on advention is a very good arstiteat, and I are glad ir los from the speech of the Senior Chinese Miscber that he and his colleague In\n\nut grutee it.\n\nI now own to the Cancil the motion,\n\nwhich has aireury hem mover and\n\ntonement house iu o ting Forgatseaded, tant de supply Bill be read a\n\ncime of note water shortage and hud, segond time.\n\nto setu my zerranis with backets dow\n\nto Praga, where they\n\nsterd in a\n\nqueue to get water iron lots which brought it across the bay bots from Wai Lamb uns cu the malaland.\n\ntherefore with every apathy for the Glumus mau ibnet the levels\n\nflo. Bir Husa Peursex: May I spea MD Arun of the pointe which have been i red.\n\nILE. THE Veason: I am afraid go Caszob allow it.\n\nThe Standing Onies do aut\n\nHongkong and with invaderiar•Ung Hon. Sa Hay PoiLock has been\n\nof dieir male a ruladatos doring & the ecco in this Council to ready to water facing the 2 have studied tre matters raised in the outs of rhodit. proposal to ask the island dependantcussion.\n\nthe miniland for much of its water\n\nR.E. THE GRENOU. The Bavel may\n\nonce on the second reading of a Bill Conado has a right to mene more tran\n\nYna y pesk us say then you ke\n\nthe Committee stage.\n\ncools. Let me, however, fest consider as the edit to reply. No member of this matter from the point of new of kowison. I am convinse the years come, awing paully to the limitatione which Natone has rapused on Hory- Rong a partly to the advantages which\n\nThe Hill was icy read a second time, Naturn hus bektared upon Konon, Tue\n\nComan went in sanilia to on- grcatat portion of the Cabay'a popun Bon will hats the uainland ather then sider the Oil viure la dise and Ha The wows-planning shoe Hey Fobock then raised a center of and the Farlane development sideme for\n\nquestions which were unsered by H Kowloon Invs then prepared vety wizely The Govezo nd other ricmbers of\n\non a generava scale and 36 s mrahornell. No amenduents were made to able that in future yes the norther the Bin Custee and opon Couteil alores of our barbour wil e jahached rowing,\n\nay & population ci Feiller JROTH The Cowaru SeCESTARY Moved the Chinese ani thar there will be residences third reading.\n\na aing the slopes of the Kowie The BOLONIAL Turns seconded and ange, and especially as its castern end, the Bii was read rd time and sumers as in the Peak Distric.passed.\n\nThe populata of the Colony has in the E. Tap overrun thurk hour. Pas crease at a phenomenat rate andante buombers very airvurely for the there is n voron why it should not evi-\n\nVision they have made for best year.\n\ntinue to do so in the fetare. I bax Courel and adjourned zinc đen,\n\ndoabled during the past ten years Now\n\nwe are a present only completing the\n\nfast plage of the Sheng Mun rabicy ivatar corts scheme. Hat when that\n\nsebeme has heretter been developed to\n\nla y capacity\n\nthe water supply\n\nREGULATIONS IN MASSES.\"\nBefore the 18s of Wight Bench, when\n\nfrom it will, so t are told, caly uffice for a tener was summoned for a bicach or bition soule te arison must be the regulations quic under the deplete considered the shore of the weds of the tion of Animal Aet by failing to ghiuping of this great port, which shoul\n\nfor six days a pedigeen belt brough\n\nhe supplied entheis from the metuland. from the Channel Islausts, the saticito Therefore in my pins the progressive for the defence ploaded genovace of the\n\ncveiremeal of the Stang Mun scherplations\n\nformed of each regulations, and had to to\n\nand back at the unisces posted up. The\n\nstage by atage it probably do no more the clerk of the juices (Mr John than zopple the growing needs of the Parte!) said be and others who had Inerther side of the Daibuer, especially studied the law all their lives were nos in\n\nif, La Bonn 26ay be the case, the supply to Kowloom is hy meter all over the pensule and rider mains are not ineist Fod opens. Eventually there would be nothing luppare fomi Sheng Mus for the and and, a pipe tine were new inid under the barbour, the real would\n\nhe said, was the evi of legislating y\n\nden rizical regulations. Everyone who\n\nhad anything to do with the law Joy\n\nbez statutes were pood, but under\n\nsome statutes power was given to the\n\ny be to compel the cousienrtion of Government departments to make regula\n\nthe second, third and further stages of signs which had to be inid on the table the Sheng Mne schein at an order date of the House of Commons, and it ne and hasten the day rhen water supplies objected to them within a certain perina additional to these in the Sheng Mung oras law. Those regulations ce valley would have to be frusted for the in auch masses that chose concerned entila waland. This is no erent of a wild not innke lisensices quainted wit imagination. My bontrahie bend. Mr.\n\nthen quickly.\n\nBird. has reminded us of the confident The chainman said the dnienian, wodd hopes entertained in 1938 that the con- a nod to simply ny a warning to straction of the Tyram-k reservoir avhers.\n\ni \n\nColei Binchors and asked for a loss Department He then called apon\n\njoi meney, but the eulonel Shought be re-i\n\ngold in the supposed Lord Sahton a pan whom he had seen being marched bebwa twn gendannen in the occupid feratfury, and concranitext his sus pitions to the Prefect, who advised the palier the poster, quick to rule that he was being closely watched, took taxicab to Ehe and there bed an express bound for Paris.\n\nCRICKET.\nCRICKET.\n0.8 40. \"A\". FONGKONG UNIVERSITY\n\nThe A. Salteran, K. T. Loke, A. Baker,\n\nThen, V. Enok, Hernani,\n\nThe following will present the Hong- og Rocker Clan in a wareh with the Horas Selitery on the Marina grand at geday: T. W. Suuthan, W. A. Nowra, Lord, Rankly,\n\n1. Wheeler, 1. Middleton Smith, L. &. R. Dunes, W.. Newman, and Nicbails. the\n\nON SALE,\n\nThis match w take pines tomorrow. I. Savaderson tenpr), White, 2. G\n\nthe Bongtong taiversity ground be sinning at 3.13 p.m.\n\nThe following will repavicur ¡C.8.C.C. A team:-J. H. N Palier inquiries show, however, that, (enplain), E. J. Harper, R. 8. W PA disapointed in one quarter, he runced on, T. W. Carr, C. Nara, T. 12. M ed in another, for during the train Pendered, R. C. Witchsti. R. G. Rober journey between Elne and Narbonne ke son, C. R. Sitey, T. Wastlake, and succeeded in borrowing on from a\n\nP. J. Neill Spanish priest who travested in the same\n\nCape W. Saters. o apartment. The mean is believed to be Bean, of whom the palies have\n\ndetailed des ription.\n\nFue match arranged for to-coorrow be-j tweea C.S.CC tat Team Hongkong Ist. Toast a decu cantalleù.\n\nBOEND VOLUMES of the HONGKONG WEEKLY PRESS, January to June,\nWith Isna, Price-$7.50.\n\n1995.\n\nOn male at the Hongkong Dresly Press Office,\n\nThink of \"Johnnie Walker\"\nwhen you think of whisky. Then you'll ask for 'Johnnie Walker' and get real whisky. a drop of it\n\nThere's not\n\nthat isn't guaranteed pure\n\nand mature.\n\nJOHNNIE WALKER\n\nGuaranteed the same quality throughout the world.\n\nBORN 1820-STILL GOING STRONG!\n\nAGENTS\n\nCALDBECK, MACGREGOR & Co. Ltd.\n\nSHANGHAI\n\nHONG KONG\n\nTIENTSIN\n\nJOHN WALZER & SONS, LTD., SCOTCH WHISKY DISTILLERS, KILMARNOCK, SCOTLAND.\n\nNORTHERN SITUATION.\nHANKOW THREATENED BY YAWG SEN.\nTHE COAL DISPUTE.\nTHE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, FRIDAY, NOVEMBER STA\n\nFAILINE OF FORLORN HOPES.\nIMPERIAL CONFERENCE.\nRIFORTS OF COMMITTEES TO BE\nCONSIDEREU\n\nBIG FORCES ADVANCING ON\nMOVING TOWARDS PEAGE.\nSHITISH WIRALESS SERVICE.)\n\nFULL SESSION TO-DAY.\n\nSRITIRO WIRELESS SERVICE. }\n\nBuasy, November 3rd.\n\nSOUTHERNERS.\nITHROTGE AR?!TEETH MOENCY.\nThe conference of delegatos, represent ing 3,000,000 members of Trailes' Cuions,\n\nRissy, November tvd.\n\nTo emble Ether progress to be medis\n\nRUSSIAN COMMUNIST\nCONFERENCE.\nTREND TOWARDS SOCIAL DEMO CRACY DENOUNCED.\n¡TERIZON REUTER'A AGENCY.]\n\nMoscow, November 4th,\n\nSeco Ordjoni Kidze los ben appoint. Led Chairman of the Contrshing Comain\n\n193.\n\nTERRIBLE MINE DISASTER IN AMERICA.\nSURFACE DROPS 809 FEET.\nFORTY LIVES LOST.\n[enerina's APERICAN SERVICE}\n\nHUANGHAL, November 4th.\n\nLeonsidered to-day he request of the with the work of the various cammirteesi sion of the Covinat Party teplacing i bois lves lo a large routine right suites According to Star Chuan Fang's local Mines Federation fe fusosial assist the taperiat Conternen will not meet in Kalbyahef\n\nheadquarters, General Yang Sex 18 making rapid wegiese tonnvés flankum with a lores el 90, Fr is reported that re has reached an understanding with the military corianders of Heh\n\nThe comlined strength of the various trongs advancing against the Raemiatang amin forena ia catiupted at 20,000\n\nThe Situation on the Yangisse.\nAccording to musaoge from Kiukiang, though the Allied tips drove the\n\nance by News of a compulsory jerk,\n\nMe J. H. Thorous, ex-Minister and\n\n30\n\n7\n\nCHINESE ASPIRATIONS.\nAN ATTEMPT TO DEFINE THEM.\nBRITISH POLICY.\nFa a letter to The Times, a writer, who signe himwility Years of Caikas,\"\n\nWhat, seus time to ask, are \"tha legitimer asjárations of the Chinese Isamuse, Michigan, Nov 4th.\n\n¦ people' of which pro hour so much and Vorry mlaers are believed to have beat often, and which, sweeling to a re\n\nsoluzioa paared sareena terring of the Trades Trion Congress, curIn- sway as a rendi of a cove in. A sectionering policy? is supposed to obstruer\n\nt. is possible to answer this question of the sune lice, onsdag of worriedly a coisery but the great mess in! sessing and Friday morning, when\n\nThe Pan Russian Commemat Conier-\n\nground top fear by mi feil 600 feet to of me Cheese page. Their sole aspisa made of the National Tadon of Railway for representation will be considered\n\nsuch emporte of committees as are ready unce opelnded with wanimous resul\n\nthe fat level with an eerie sucking thed | tion certainty legs the cHEAT- men, declared that a compulsory levy was\n\ntrot, wenotneing the oppositiona and the watch was beant les arand. Shaeon of the ferville suderings y hue Considerable progress was made so-day drift towards a Social Demersey, and and mud and varer Sueded the entire euynes ter tin past hve years or\n\ncauteed at the landa of their \"Teltow ona of the question. He pointed out the boys sinaveial burden which the cos\n\nin the exambation of the intricate preemplaatsing its detonation to preserve level, and B. is feared that all mace of mine. A catalogue of these, could it be doppage had placed on this Railwayman's atity by the comsister interested with\n\nblens cotueruing questions vi matice-party unity and u erosh attempus to escape han born a så gi\n\nand other enjeun. The appeal by Mr. A. J. Cook and that subjen, and at the meeting of the\n\nwoher authors' leaders for a compulsory\n\nkonomie Committee matters moder von.\n\nlevy fo on mmpathetic cars and, in weluded taxation of so- Cantonese invaders into Kiangsi. they eventually, an acceptable compromise was through agente or Erwaches and the\n\nresidens trading in the Dovdivos | also have suffered heavily, pan wifound in a revolution which was moved tiability of the State enterprises to of the report regarding the Chrkiang by the Speetary of\n\nthe Instributive\n\nvoi. the Allied Comunnacle parpesny Workers' Coinus. This proposed that the 1xation.\n\nmade his men conontrate slong the Nas werber of the Dales' Unions, who are i chang-Kinking railway lin, for fene that they might be threatened with out-\n\nThe General Counnil of the Trades' Tuiee Congress afterwards issued a state-\n\neffort to achizibute. Ject asking monists to make a special\n\nThe Committes of Price Micleers\n\nEGYPT-INDIA AIR SERVICE.\nAVCCESSZOR DEMONSTRATION\nFLIGHTS.\nworking, should contribute volastalls further considered the problem of inter-\n\nImpovial inlations, and the diessaloni side agitation. Dostest of letting his 15 tkun cae penny per day for the\n\nsupport or the nicer. The Diebusive will be tuned at a meeting of the xroups chats the enemy, Marshal Sun is Workers Tao offered to start a volum\n\nCommiting tomorrow. only devoting hiwait to restoring enay Bud with a motributivo of £9,000; munications, cornogrcial, tepking and how its own resourses This compromise other organisation to their origiasi proposed was adopted. stales, as to win pazar laveur. On the other land. the mein Lady of the Aobwei ang under General Chew Ting Fnce, armbeslag some 12.000 strong she Wero maioned on the left bank of the tho river Yangiar, in co-operaion with aste 1,000 traps belonging in General Yeh Ka Hsin's Hunua seny, are in pures of the Cantores rongs who are provide stuetking over one shilling per by the Imperial Airways for this service\n\ntreating Hinge Mr. Chiang Tor Kus, penes delegate Irum Chokizug,\n\nchouid te in experimental operation be- it appears that at to day's weeting tween London Paris. in dimussing pace torus wile Levers felisy was distinty revealed 10\n\nThe Helca in the rac British pas Chiang Kai Sick, upon his retur debit if micers severe foucis center rachine specially designed for Kinklang, 4 is expedid that Marshal han will decide whether to continue Aghting or arckage for pracc.\n\nA LONDON COMMENT\n3. Pontley witing to The\n\nSupy day Word stude\n\nI am ready in confess bay of late bave given up reading about China, and mi the power lime have hot the foun ides what is happening there.\n\nI am quite willing to belive dat is hades of fellow creatures are going Lhrough crisis, and the the fie of the whole world as be found up with the present history of Chies\n\nDay there are so many replicated prises, with which the fate of the world is bend up, so they alces we proted ourselves sonelow we shall never bove\n\nCent's peace of mind\n\neroato sectional strife\n\n...wix.com\n\nTRAGIC DISCOVERY.\nMR. A. BRUNNER AND WIFE FOUND DEAD.\nLONDON. FOrember sth.\n\n127\n\nU.S. ELECTIONS.\n-----\n\nNew York. November pad, TheWols are grea\n\nheartoned with the means of the New York State referentem where a 110,500 resjority Mr. Rogens Brunner, ex Chairman of ze seca State to determine what per | tavoured u request but Congress Jobaran\n\nBrunner, Mond and Company, surt bis centan of alcohol is inensleting. An wife have been found shot dead in their almost idential proposal augears to have house at Korbampton.\n\nbeco prased by Mhaois bg a large sunjos ity, walio Wis.outin favoured 2.75 per FRENCH PLEA FOK US. MURDERERS.\n\nplashed wade generally known, woulé sertainlysingi humanity, a qu k is by no means to the credit of those who must have been til along well acquainted with the farts that He or nothing has been heard of them.\n\nThe aspirations of the merchants and Puell trades-a very large clasanay condently be used as jenna good govemment Lowever detained is the ehvoistances savely a legitimate. leylan, aspiration.\n\nThe aspirations of the principal actors of the tragedy that is being presented to the world by China and of the ioul vefeed chans the hoids the front of the stage, composed of politicians, diplomatists.\n\ncent, aner by two to one. The isa at 2, and audents, are de complex, always so dear in ather Stales and define them here. The most and no attempt car he made io sort theni Bunty voting on the medicationincere au rend various to be lumi the law showed a wet trend. Tropin this class pld, however, it demo repeat the present",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-495N  - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [11-12.txt",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-497 - Public Offices - 1926",
        "page_number": 137,
        "title": "CO129-497 - Public Offices - 1926",
        "content_text": "134\n\n6\n\npost. It seems to have been his ambition to establish under his own leadership a Government for the provinces of South China on a federal basis. Neither his claim to the post of Vice-Generalissimo nor his federal policy was acceptable to the Government at Canton, and when his troops, under General Lung Yun, entered Kuangsi from the west and occupied Lungchow, Nanning and Poseh, General Fan Shih-sheng, a native of Yunnan Province, but a bitter enemy of Tang Chi-yao, persuaded the Canton Government to allow him to lead his troops into Kuangsi to oppose T'ang's advance. This he effectively did, the Yunnanese forces being compelled, after a severe defeat early in June, to retreat to their native province, into which they were pursued by General Fan's forces, who, advancing by way of Poseh, succeeded in cutting the railway to Yunnan-fu. General Tang Chi-yao made preparations to escape from Yunnan-fu by aeroplane, when, on the 20th and 21st August, his troops inflicted a defeat on their adversaries in the south-east of the province, and forced them to retreat into Kuangsi.\n\n14. At Canton itself strained relations between the local government and the Yunnan-Kwangsi commanders in the city led to fighting during May and June, which ended in the defeat on the 12th June of the Yunnanese troops, who were subjected during the next few weeks to the most brutal treatment by the infuriated populace of Canton.\n\n15. Freed from internal dissension, the Cantonese now turned eagerly to join in the anti-British agitation, which had gathered fresh impetus after the riot at Hankow on the 11th June. An account of the development of that movement at Canton, which culminated in the incident referred to ever since in the Chinese press as the Shakee massacre, will be found in this report in the section dealing with the repercussion in Canton of the Shanghai incident of the 30th May.\n\n16. A new Government, known as the \"Nationalist Government,\" was organised at Canton in July, but was dominated by M. Borodin and other Russian advisers, and by the Strike Committee. On the 20th August, Liao Chung-kai, one of the chief members of the executive committee, chief of the Labour Department of the Kuomintang, and for some time in 1924 Civil Governor of Kwangtung, who was the real power behind the strike, was murdered. The Government was disintegrated, and a coup d'Etat on the 25th August transferred in effect the executive power to two men, General Chiang Chung-sheng (Chiang Kai-shek), commander of the Whampoa Military Academy and garrison commissioner of Canton, and his civil coadjutor, Wang Ching-wei. A series of arrests followed of prominent adherents of the Kuomintang who were thought to be wavering in their allegiance. General Hsu Chung-chih, who had already announced his resignation from the post of Commander-in-chief of the Canton army, fled at the end of September to Shanghai, just in time to escape arrest. A \"mandate\" issued on the 20th September by three commissioners, Messrs. C. C. Wu, Wang Ching-wei and Tan Yen-k'ai, announced that the command of the Canton army had been given to General Chiang Kai-shek. General Hu Han-min, who had succeeded Sun Yat-sen as chief of the Kuomintang and head of the Canton Government, was suspected of complicity in the murder of Liao Chung-kai, and surrendered himself to General Chiang Kai-shek. After a harassing trial by a military court, nothing definite appears to have been proved against him, and, in consideration of his long services in the cause of the Kuomintang, he was permitted to proceed, virtually as a prisoner, on a special mission to Russia via Vladivostok, accompanied by the secretary of the Canton Military Council and two cadets of the Whampoa Military Academy. He was given an effusive welcome at Vladivostok and at Moscow. The alleged object of his visit was to see Soviet Russia and to judge for himself the advisability of introducing communistic methods into China.\n\n17. General Ch'en Ch'iung-ming's second campaign against Canton was launched in September, in the form of an attack on Chaochow and Swatow. Swatow was captured on the 18th September, much to the relief of the foreign, and especially of the British, residents of that port, who had for several months been enduring the dictatorship of the worst elements in a violently hostile population. Unfortunately General Ch'en's campaign very soon showed signs of collapse. Lack of funds, bad leadership (General Ch'en himself never left Hong Kong) and bad organisation led to the complete defeat of the anti-Canton party. Waichow was taken by the Whampoa cadets under General Chiang Kai-shek on the 14th October, and, after a steady advance, Swatow was reoccupied by the Canton troops on the 6th November. By the end of the year the whole of Kwangtung was under the control of the Government at Canton.\n\n7\n\nWest China.\n\n18. In Szechuan the chief political event during the year was the defeat in August of General Yang Sen (a former adherent of Wu Pei-fu) by a strong combination of generals headed by Liu Hsiang. General Yang had been confirmed by a presidential mandate (the 7th February) in his appointment as Tupan, or Military Governor, of the province, and his régime was generally regarded as one of the best seen in Szechuan for many years. However, the civil war which has harassed this province for so long was renewed in April, the bone of contention being the control of the salt revenues at Tzuliutsing. General Yang gained the upper hand in the struggle, and obtained military control of the province west of a line drawn north from Luchow, on the Yang-tsze. The opposing forces were confined to a small area round Chungking, when an armistice was called by General Liu Hsiang, and a conference of generals was held at Chungking to attempt to settle the future government of the province. The conference failed, and hostilities broke out again in the middle of July, which ended in the defeat of General Yang, who was forced to abandon Chengtu and finally to leave the province. The defeat appears to have been mainly due to the defection of his generals. Another military conference was called, which came to an end on the 30th August, and at which the district monthly salt revenues were apportioned among eight or nine generals. This was followed by a second conference in December to arrange for the provincial administration and to discuss ways and means of raising funds. By the end of the month some 150 delegates had arrived, but up to that time the conference had been mainly occupied in settling the rule of procedure.\n\n19. Civil War.\n\nWhen Shanghai was occupied by General Sun Ch'uan-fang's troops on the 16th October, General Yang Yu-t'ing received telegraphic orders from Mukden to retreat. A remarkable collapse of the Fengtien forces followed, and in the short space of two and a half months Marshal Chang Tso-lin, though he still held Mukden and part of the Peking-Mukden Railway, had lost Kiangsu, Anhui and Chihli provinces, as well as the Jehol district. Deserted by one of his most trusted generals, Kuo Sung-lin, commanding the 9th Division at Luanchow (on the Peking-Mukden Railway), who went over to the enemy with some 40,000 troops and advanced along the railway towards Mukden, Marshal Chang was contemplating taking refuge in flight and abandoning Manchuria to his rival. He was induced, nevertheless, to make a last and desperate effort to save the position. On the 23rd December the troops loyal to him met those under Kuo Sung-lin near Hsinmintun, by the Liao River, in a short and decisive engagement. The stake at issue was the future control of Manchuria. Thanks to a bold stroke by the general commanding Marshal Chang's cavalry, who succeeded in getting behind General Kuo's forces and attacking them in the rear, the latter were defeated, and Kuo himself was captured and executed. Whilst this struggle was proceeding, in favour of the Fengtien forces, Tien-tsin, which had been held for some weeks for Chang by General Li Ching-lin against the advance of the Kuomin army from three sides, was captured by the latter, and General Li had to retreat southwards with his troops. In Shantung, the Fengtien Military Governor, General Chang Tsung-chang, succeeded in holding at bay the forces threatening to attack Tsinan-fu from the south, while in the north of the province a struggle with the Kuomin troops for the possession of Tehchow, on the Tien-tsin-Pukow Railway, left that place in his hands. The end of the year saw the formation at Peking of a new Cabinet, composed chiefly of moderate Kuomintang elements under the premiership of Mr. Hsu Shih-ying (see annual report, 1922, \"Who's Who,\" No. 7). General Sun Yüeh, Military Governor of Shensi, was appointed Military Governor of Chihli (the 25th December). Marshal Feng Yü-hsiang resigned his post of Tupan of North-West Frontier Defence and Tupan of Kansu, these posts being given to two of his own generals. Shansi, which had kept out of the civil war, remained under the governorship of General Yen Hsi-shan. Shantung was still held by General Chang Tsung-chang. The Central Government, recognising a fait accompli, appointed General Sun Chuan-fang Military Governor of Kiangsu (the 26th November), but he refused to accept the title and continued to style himself the Commander-in-chief of the Five Allied Provinces (Kiangsu, Anhui, Kiangsi, Fukien and Chekiang). He was at the time Military Governor of Chekiang Province. In Anhui, General Teng Ju-cho, commanding the allied Kiangsi troops, showed an inclination to accept from the Government at Peking the title of Tupan of Anhui.\n\n[1500]\n\nB 4\n\nrade",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-499-3 Canton situation- governor's despatches 12-2-1927 - 10-3-1927",
        "page_number": 80,
        "title": "CO129-499-3 Canton situation- governor's despatches 12-2-1927 - 10-3-1927",
        "content_text": "- 7 -\n\n80\n\nJapan has in China, makes up 60% of all her business at home, and the surtax will be a great blow to her foreign trade.\n\nThis rupture between England and Japan, and between Japan and Mukden will at the same time affect the internal work of the Mukdenese. When the alliance between Chang Tso Lin and England is successfully established, Japan will certainly stir up a rebellion among the men of Chang, most of whom are closely allied with Japan. The aid lent by England to Shuan Chun Fong by 40% of the surtax will at the same time lead to a dispute between Chang Chung Chong and Sun. Recently news has reached us that Chang Tso Lin has had Yang Yu Ting arrested. The relations between Yang and Japan are known to everybody, and this is a very grave question, far more important than that in respect of Kwok Chung Ling. The British Imperialists in their intrigue, are supposing that they can help the reactionaries to achieve success, but after all they will fail as before.\n\nAt the joint conference of Routine Work Officers of the Central and Provincial Councils held some time ago, a clear explanation was given as to the importance of the career of Japan whose business in China consists of 60% of all her trade.\n\nJapan entertains a great fear of the Chinese revolutions on account of two reasons:\n\n(1) Japanese economic prosperity will be killed on the success of the Chinese revolution. We must try to make her understand that this supposition will not be borne out by facts but that our revolutionary success will on the contrary further the lawful trade between China and Japan. \n(2) China will help America when she is at war with the latter.\n\nWe must do our utmost to remove all such fears.",
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-499-4 Canton situation- governor's despatches 18-3-1927 - 22-4-1927",
        "page_number": 11,
        "title": "CO129-499-4 Canton situation- governor's despatches 18-3-1927 - 22-4-1927",
        "content_text": "**SECRET**\n\nCopies to:\nCanton No.156\nPeking No. 36.\nEastian No. 145.\n\nPRINTED FOR USE OF\nCOLONIAL\nOFFICE\n\nSir,\n\nGOVERNMENT HOUSE, HONGKONG. 22nd April, 1927.\n\n30001/11/10:\nRECEIVED 2: MAY 1927\nCOL. OFFICE\n40 F.0.35-8\n\nSomewhat belatedly the Kuomintang has realised that its communist element, instead of being merely a frothy conglomeration of ultra-democratic patriots, is a well-defined party allied with the Third International and intent upon promoting \"world-revolution\" involving massacre and confiscation. Accordingly, General Li Chai-sum, after returning to Canton from his conference with Marshal Tseung Kai-shek at Shanghai (see paragraph 3 of my secret despatch of the 14th April), launched on the morning of Good Friday (14th April) a very well-planned attack on all the communist centres in and round Canton. I enclose two accounts of his operations, the first being a report by the Commissioner of Customs at Canton and the second a digest of the accounts contained in the Canton vernacular press. (Enclos Nos 1 & 2)\n\n2. It is possible that this attack upon Chinese communists, which was begun by Marshal Tseung in Shanghai on the 12th April and which has been continued by his adherents, not only at Canton, but also at Swatow,\n\nTHE RIGHT HONOURABLE\nLIEUTENANT COLONEL L.C.M.S. AMERY, M.P.,\n&c.,\n&c.,\n&c.",
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    {
        "id": 507060,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
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        "document_key": "CO129-499-4 Canton situation- governor's despatches 18-3-1927 - 22-4-1927",
        "page_number": 71,
        "title": "CO129-499-4 Canton situation- governor's despatches 18-3-1927 - 22-4-1927",
        "content_text": "-5- \n72 \n\nImperial country. But if a country can abandon Imperialism \nand treat us with equality, we can make an alliance with \nher. We have adopted this attitude towards Soviet Russia. \nAs long as Russia does not abandon her treatment of us \nwith equality, our policy of allying ourselves with Russia \nwill remain constant. I have already given a clear explanation of this attitude during my stay at Whampoa last year when our Russian comrades were also present. \n\nAt the banquet given at Whampoa in honour of the 2nd \nConference of All-China Representatives I then also took \nthe opportunity of pointing out that our alliance with \nRussia had for its object the acquisition of freedom and \nequality for China, and that it was because Russia is a \ncountry that has treated us with equality, that we allied \nourselves with her, and also that when Soviet Russia no \nlonger treats us with equality but oppresses us as \nImperialist countries have done, we would resist her in the same way as we have resisted the Imperialists. If we wish to \nhave a life-long friendship with anyone, the terms of the \nfriendship must first be fully understood and there must \nbe no reserve as between strangers. In the first circumstances it was understood that Soviet Russia would not \nexercise any oppression over us, and we in return would adhere to our pro-Russia policy. The high-handed treatment of the leader of our Kuomintang by the Russian Representatives may be an insult to our Party, but this is only the \naction of individuals and as far as I know not of the \nSoviet Government. I can safely say then that such an \naction by individuals has nothing to do with Soviet Russia, \nand we cannot allow it to affect our friendship with Russia \nand the policy of China towards Russia. It would be a \nmistake to allow our pro-Russia policy to be affected by \nthe individuals who represent Russia. We are well aware \nthat",
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    {
        "id": 507451,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-500-2 Canton situation- governor's despatches 30-6-1927 - 8-11-1927",
        "page_number": 19,
        "title": "CO129-500-2 Canton situation- governor's despatches 30-6-1927 - 8-11-1927",
        "content_text": "19 \n\nrequired the seat of Government to be removed to Wuhan. \n\nDesiring to prevent dissension, I advised our comrades at Wuhan to have the seat of Government removed there, and to finish the 3rd Conference of the Central Executive Committee. But while the Conference was in progress, the Communists resorted to military power and agitative measures. They expelled General Chan Ming Shu, imprisoned Li Chung Kung, Clerk of the Secretariat of the Central Executive Committee, and killed many others. They proceeded to dictate to the Central Executive Committee, thus depriving the Kuomintang of all its authority.\n\nThey made every endeavour to stir up dissension among them and seized the revenues of various places, making me unable to pay them regularly. Further, they libelled me as having allied with the enemies, and charged our energetic Revolutionists with being Reactionaries.\n\nThey practised dictatorship in our Kuomintang. For this purpose, they expelled the loyal followers of the Three Aspects of Democracy and favoured anybody who had a tendency to become a Communist. They allowed no person to join the Kuomintang who had not proved that he would be ready to help the Communist Party. They sent unemployed scoundrels, under the name of peasants and workmen, to create disturbance in any Kuomintang Department which was not under their control, or forced the Central Kuomintang Department to order its dissolution.\n\nThis was merely intended to destroy the organisation system of our Kuomintang and to secure unanimous support for them at the 3rd All China Kuomintang Representative Conference. The power of our Kuomintang was entirely seized.",
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    {
        "id": 507456,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-500-2 Canton situation- governor's despatches 30-6-1927 - 8-11-1927",
        "page_number": 24,
        "title": "CO129-500-2 Canton situation- governor's despatches 30-6-1927 - 8-11-1927",
        "content_text": "# ENclosure No. 24\n\n## Translation\n\n(Extract from Kung Sheung Yat Po, Hong Kong. 30th July 1927)\n\n### Telegram in the midst of a prayer for Tseung (Kai Shek) urging that he and Li (Chai Sham) be punished\n\nYesterday, during the progress of the \"Grand Conference of all classes in Kwangtung for praying for the success of Generalissimo Tseung in his Northern Expedition\", the Communists, under the names of seven leading labour associations, circulated a printed telegram urging and supporting an expedition for the punishment of Tseung and Li. They sent men to the premises where the Conference was being held to distribute such circulars when opportunity permitted.\n\nThis became known to the troops and police, who at once went in different directions to arrest them. But the men fled into the crowds and made good their escape. At that time, nobody dared to pick up the reactionary handbills, which were finally all collected by the pickets. Our own correspondent (in Canton) secured, after some trouble, a copy of it, and we now publish it below:-\n\n### (Telegram by the 7 leading workman and peasant associations urging and supporting an expedition for attacking and punishing Tseung and Li)\n\nTo\n\nThe Central Nationalist Government in Wuhan for transmission to all officers and men of the Armies at the front for the Punishment of the Rebels and to all revolutionary comrades and the masses and all public organisations in China.\n\nTseung Kai Shek has allied with the feudal and capitalist classes, betrayed our National Revolution, acted contrary...",
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    },
    {
        "id": 507592,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-500-3 Canton situation- governor's despatches 29-7-1927 - 1-9-1927",
        "page_number": 58,
        "title": "CO129-500-3 Canton situation- governor's despatches 29-7-1927 - 1-9-1927",
        "content_text": "- 5 - \n\nwhich we supported but he opposed, met with complete success, \nand there have not been a few instances where we have been \nentrapped by his advice which we took through carelessness. \nFacts in the past have proved this so far, and no one, whether \nhe be of our party or not, no one, I repeat, even if he be \nBorodin's own man, can deny it. \n\nLet me quote you a few important instances. Our \nWhampoa Military Academy was established during the regime \nof our late President as Generalissimo in Kwang Tung. After \n3 months' work, we instituted two classes of students, when \nthe most difficult problem of the Merchants' Corps arose. \nThe latter wanted to overthrow our Government and welcome the \nreturn of Chan Kwing Ming. After contracting an alliance \nwith the major portion of the Yunnan and Kwangsi troops, \nthe Canton Merchants' Corps, which was before powerless, actually convened a Grand Conference of all Merchants in \nthe Province, and established a General Chamber of Commerce. \nAt the same time, Chan Lim Pak, a tame dog of the Imperialist, \noffered his services to buy arms on their behalf. \n\nUnexpectedly, the first shipment was discovered and seized \nby Tseung Kai Shek. Being filled with fear, they sent the \nYunnan and Kwangsi troops with whom they had allied to \ndemand its return from the Government; this could not, of \ncourse, be approved at that time, and the Merchants' Corps \nproceeded to spread rumours that Government wanted to use \nthe peasants and workmen's Self-defence Corps to put Communism \ninto practice, and that was why the merchants could not \nget arms to defend themselves. In fact, the Peasants and \nWorkmen's Corps were at that time an unarmed mob. But some \nof its members were Communists and had made every endeavour \nto mislead the people everywhere, and this gave the \nMerchants' Corps an opportunity to make the above charge, \nwhich",
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    {
        "id": 508324,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-501-5 Chinese situation- Recognition of Canton Government 22-7-1927 - 28-9-1927",
        "page_number": 53,
        "title": "CO129-501-5 Chinese situation- Recognition of Canton Government 22-7-1927 - 28-9-1927",
        "content_text": "# MEMORANDUM FOR PRESENTATION TO THE BRITISH COMMISSION TO THE CHINA TARIFF CONFERENCE BY MESSRS. BUTTERFIELD & SWIRE AND JARDINE MATHESON & CO., LIMITED, HONG KONG AND CHINA.\n\nThe development of Hong Kong since it was ceded to Great Britain for the purpose of British Merchants trading with China, has been chiefly as an entrepot, and the extent to which it has been used in this direction is magnificently shown in the mighty tonnage figures of the annual entrances and clearances of steamers, junks, etc., using its harbour. These figures in recent years are as follows:\n\n| Year | Tonnage |\n| --- | --- |\n| 1919 | 35,615,169 |\n| 1920 | 40,122,527 |\n| 1921 | 43,420,970 |\n| 1922 | 46,566,764 |\n| 1923 | 53,402,239 |\n| 1924 | 56,731,077 |\n\nAlong with this enormous development it was natural that several industries, closely allied with the requirements of China, should spring up, and chief amongst them is the sugar refining industry, the growth of which is largely due to the peculiarly natural position of Hong Kong as a refining centre as it lies in the track of the direct route of the main source of supplies of raw sugar from Java and, after the process of refining, the refined article is readily passed on to all ports of China.\n\nWe give the imports of all classes of sugar and sugar candy into China for the years 1916-1924 along with the quantities imported from or through Hong Kong in those years:\n\n| Year | Total Imports | From Hong Kong |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| 1916 | 1,040,036 |  |\n| 1917 | 1,240,359 |  |\n| 1918 | 2,160,867 | 2,158,879 pcls (of 133-1/3 lbs) |\n| 1919 | 1,657,450 | 2,980,369 |\n| 1920 | 1,343,874 | 4,125,313 |\n| 1921 | 2,763,394 | 3,571,517 |\n| 1922 | 2,272,741 | 3,898,747 |\n| 1923 | 2,144,948 | 3,364,047 |\n| 1924 | 2,173,937 | 4,404,479 |",
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    {
        "id": 509494,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-502-7 China- general situation 4-3-1927 - 26-4-1927",
        "page_number": 185,
        "title": "CO129-502-7 China- general situation 4-3-1927 - 26-4-1927",
        "content_text": "# \n## \n\nSIR MAURICE HANKEY reminded the Committee of Imperial Defence that one of the reasons that had led the Committee to recommend the rejection of the Geneva Protocol (notwithstanding that Representatives of the late Government had taken an important part in drawing it up at Geneva) had been its provision for working out plans for economic coercion and for ascertaining in advance the amount of force to be placed at the disposal of the League \"for sanctions\" (`C.I.D. Paper 559-B`, paragraph 109 (1)). The Committee of Imperial Defence had seen in these provisions (Articles 12 and 13 of the Geneva Protocol) a furtherance of the scheme, desired by the French Government ever since the Peace Conference, for a League General Staff to draw up plans for its forces (ibid., paragraph 58), a scheme which the British Government had always opposed. If the Committee of Imperial Defence still held this view, they ought to be on their guard against any step which might lead by successive stages to the same end—first, the sending of information on armament expenditure to the League; then a demand for a Commission to examine and report on the information, and, finally, for its development into something resembling a General Staff.\n\nLORD BEATTY pointed out that paragraph 2 of Article 3 provided for a statement of expenditure on Naval Armaments. A difficulty arose in this connection, viz., that, though the Navy was one Imperial unit, the expenditure on the Navy was in part borne by the Governments of the various Dominions.\n\nSIR SAMUEL HOARE expressed the view that, whatever reservations we might make, there would always be a dangerous tendency for a Commission, analogous to the Mandates Commission, to be set up at Geneva to examine the statement of expenditure.\n\nTHE PRIME MINISTER pointed out that the Committee of Imperial Defence had agreed at its 138th meeting held on the 12th May, 1921, that the information as to scales of armaments and programmes of construction to be given to the League of Nations should be the same as is given to Parliament (viz., estimates and returns laid on the Table), and that, so long as some of the principal Naval and Military Powers remain outside the League of Nations, the difficulties of giving more information than this are manifest. He felt convinced that paragraph 2 of Article 3 should be struck out of the draft Treaty.\n\n## \n\nLORD CECIL asked that he should be allowed a certain amount of liberty on this point. It was not true to say that other Powers broke their agreements without concern. What the Representatives of these Powers stated quite openly was that they were only bound by the exact terms of the Agreement which they had accepted, and that they did not understand such phrases as \"the intention of the Treaty\" or \"the spirit of the Treaty.\" He still thought that the provisions contained in paragraph 2 of Article 3 were desirable, especially with regard to foreign countries, as it would force them to show what steps they were taking in regard to armaments, and would thus give the opposition parties in these countries an opportunity of keeping their Governments to their pledges.\n\nSIR AUSTEN CHAMBERLAIN pointed out that so long as coercive measures were in force his experience had been that the Opposition Parties remained silent. For example, so long as the Inter-Allied Commission of Control was in Berlin the Opposition in Germany had been silent in regard to military matters, but once the Control Commission had been removed, the Opposition showed itself keen to ensure that the Reichswehr was not allowed to exceed its proper limitations, and, for the first time, an open Inquiry was conducted into scandals in connection with the Reichswehr. He thought, therefore, that paragraph 2 of Article 3 could be dropped as the first paragraph of that Article gave all the powers that were necessary.\n\n## \n\nLORD BEATTY drew attention to the wording of Articles 2, 3, and 4, which contained such phrases as \"with the concurrence of the Council of the League of Nations,\" \"communicate to the Secretary-General of the League of Nations.\" He suggested that these references to the League of Nations might be changed to \"High Contracting Parties,\" since the United States of America might object to them.\n\nLORD CECIL suggested that, if the Americans raised any objection, suitable alterations in wording could be effected later on.\n\nSIR LAMING WORTHINGTON-EVANS drew attention to Article 7, which provided for a limitation of the aggregate expenditure on land armaments. He suggested that the tendency would be to put the figure so high as to defeat the object of this provision.\n\nLORD CECIL pointed out that this Article had been included on the suggestion of the representative of the War Office on his Committee. He did not attach any great importance to it and was quite willing for the Article to be deleted.\n\nSIR LAMING WORTHINGTON-EVANS pointed out that if Article 7 was deleted a consequential alteration would have to be made in Article 13, involving the deletion of the words \"or is incurring expenditure on land armaments in excess of the figures set out in Table 1 of Annex I.\"\n\nMR. BRIDGEMAN suggested that the words \"at once\" in the sixth line of Article 13 should be deleted, and enquired whether the provision at the end of the second paragraph of Article 13, namely, that it will join in such action as may be deemed wise and effectual to safeguard the peace of nations,\" required a unanimous decision before being put into effect.\n\nLORD CECIL pointed out that we were bound to take action of this kind under Article 11 of the Covenant, whereas the United States of America was not so bound. If this provision remained in the Convention, the United States would also be undertaking the obligations which already rested on us. He was of opinion that unanimity was implied in the wording of the Convention.\n\n## CONCLUSION\n\n**THE COMMITTEE OF IMPERIAL DEFENCE agreed**—\n\nTo approve the draft Convention for the limitation of Naval, Military, and Air Armaments (`C.I.D. Paper No. 776-B`) as the basis for the instructions of the British representatives at the forthcoming meetings of the Preparatory Commission at Geneva, subject to the following amendments:\n\n| Amendment | Description |\n| --- | --- |\n| (a) | Paragraph 3 (2) to be omitted. |\n| (b) | Paragraph 7 to be excluded. |\n| (c) | Paragraph 13, Lines 4 and 5, omit the words \"or is incurring expenditure on land armaments in excess of the figures set out in Table 1 of Annex 1.\" |\n| (d) | Line 6, omit the words \"at once.\" |\n\nAnd subject to the understanding that the British Delegates will oppose any proposal for the creation of a special League Commission or Staff for the purpose of examining, analysing, or reporting on the information to be furnished under the provisions of the Draft Convention.\n\n## (B) Convention for the Control of Private Manufacture of Arms, Ammunition, and Implements of War\n\n(`C.I.D. Paper No. 774-B`)\n\n(Previous Reference: `C.I.D. Minutes` of the 218th Meeting, Minute 1.)\n\nLORD CECIL explained that he did not realise that this matter would be brought up for consideration at the forthcoming meeting at Geneva. A draft Convention prepared by the Service Departments had been considered at the last meeting of his Sub-Committee. From this draft Convention, however, had been omitted the provisions in the draft prepared by the League Committee, which were really the whole substance of the Convention. The Board of Trade and Home Office representatives on his Sub-Committee had made certain suggestions which appeared to give prospects of a solution of this question. At the present moment, therefore, he had no definite proposal to put forward. He suggested that the Cabinet might delegate authority in regard to this Convention to the Sub-Committee which had been dealing with the matter, since not much time was available before he would have to leave for Geneva.\n\nTHE PRIME MINISTER considered that the Convention ought to be examined by the Committee of Imperial Defence before being put forward at Geneva.\n\nLORD CECIL suggested that it would be advisable, if such a course were possible, for consideration of the Convention at Geneva to be postponed until an... \n\n## \n5 \n13 \nB 3 [15855]",
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    {
        "id": 519073,
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        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-516-6 The Mui-Tsai question 5-11-1929 - 21-1-1930",
        "page_number": 43,
        "title": "CO129-516-6 The Mui-Tsai question 5-11-1929 - 21-1-1930",
        "content_text": "# THE HONG KONG DAILY PRESS, MONDAY, OCTOBER 14, 1929.\n\n## D. REGISTRATION MUI TSAIS.\n\n(Continued from Page 4.)\n\nWe concentrate our attention on the problem of all problems, namely Mui-tsai and social evil. It is our heartfelt desire to fulfil our duty as citizens, to relieve poor innocent girls of their misery and to warn their oppressors against breaking the law. We cannot but hope that they will awaken to their duty to humanity and cease from doing evil. As long as the Mui-tsai system exists, it will be a blot on future local generations. It only remains for me to urge you to help uphold a good cause, and spare no pains to support great principles, to win over more members to the Society, and if possible, to report every possible case of cruelty so that the enforcement of registration of Mui-tsai may soon be an accomplished fact.\n\n## SECRETARY'S SPEECH.\n\nMr. J. D. Bush said the Chairman had touched on many valuable points in his speech, and no better figure could illustrate his undying devotion to the cause than that of the true knight of old, who was on his oath and honour to rescue and save his oppressed lady. He feels that it is as much his duty to defend the weak and redress the injured, as it is of the savage and the brutal to usurp and use others.\" Mr. Bush continued:—\n\n### Tribute to the S.C.A.\n\n\"In passing, it may be also mentioned that more gratifying results have been achieved than hitherto in representations made to the Secretariat for Chinese Affairs concerning cruelty or ill-treatment of Mui-tsai or bond girls. During the past six months, most cases have been taken up and examined with the quickest despatch.\n\n### Mrs. Haslewood on Registration.\n\nThe Chairman has dealt at length with the question of registration. It only remains for me to quote these words of Mrs. Haslewood, relating to the same issue, during a conference held at the British Commonwealth League. They urged registration. They said that it was the only way to find out how many there were, where they were, and how they were. They may be doing it now, but we have not heard so. At the docks, when the Chinese flow in from Canton, they should be made to register at once and not allowed to land unless they make a complete and true registration.' Then Mrs. Haslewood was asked the question, 'Is it true that there is a British officer whose job it is at the ports to ask certain girls who are being sold for definite purposes, whether they are satisfied with their conditions?' Mrs. Haslewood's reply was:- 'Absolutely true. They have been taught what to answer for weeks beforehand under the most dire penalties. There should be a Chinese Christian woman there to talk to these children, and assure them that they have nothing to fear if they tell the truth.' Another question was: 'Are there homes ready to receive the children?' to which Mrs. Haslewood replied:- 'There is a refuge (Po Leung Kok). It is a most soul-less official place, which no timid child would dream of going to. I begged years ago for a nice refuge, run by English people, who would try to help the children. It is badly needed.'\n\n\"I have no doubt many of you at this meeting can readily visualise in your mind's eye the mountains of difficulty surmounted and the stern trials met by the Chairman during the past eight years. In return for his efforts in this Steyphian task, he has reaped only invective and hatred and been branded, perhaps, as a fomenter of trouble. I make mention of this fact by way of telling you how un-deserved I am of the tribute that the Chairman has paid me. The credit rests entirely on him for devoting all his time and energy to this great task of emancipating the Mui-tsais of the Colony.\n\n### The March of Progress.\n\nAt this stage, it seems to me that the issue of abolishing the Mui-tsai system still hinges on the ancient struggle between 'may' and 'must,' the conservative and progressive. Those who insist on conservatism aim at holding fast or advancing at a snail's pace. The progressive reformer goes for the better, for the ideal. In short, one is inclined to lay stress on keeping still and the other on advancing. But advance we must, for that is the law of life. We must change for the better in every way, day by day. As the great American philosopher says, 'Over and above all the mists of poverty and appetite is the instinct of man to rise, and the instinct to love and help his brother.' The same philosopher also tells us, 'If slavery is good, then is lying, theft, arson, homicide each and all good, to be maintained by union societies.' As practical idealists we are bound to range on the side of humanity and Justice and burn our boats upon the review.\n\n### CANTON'S CO-OPERATION.\n\nIt was pointed out at the meeting that one of the arguments against registration was that it was difficult to enforce. If, for instance, a Chinese family came from Canton to Hong Kong, it would be difficult to differentiate between the daughter of the family and the Mui-tsai, and that would mean that every one would have to be stopped and questioned on the pier or landing place.\n\nThe answer to this objection, it was pointed out that in Hong Kong there are laws against smuggling and in order to prevent it an elaborate search system has been installed and heavy penalties inflicted when delinquents were caught. The same could be done with wilful evaders of registration. It was also pointed out that the authorities in Canton are working towards the amelioration of the position of the Mui-tsai and a Social Welfare Bureau had been recently established. The local body hoped to get in touch with both the Canton Government and the `Ruzer11`.\n\nThe Chinese secretary in reviewing the year's work pointed out that a number of people have shown their willingness to support the Society and some have written in offering their advice, amongst them being Mr. Yau Lit, who is now living in the New Territories, and who had once been a colleague of Dr. Sun Yat Sen.\n\n### No Better Solution Than Registration.\n\nIt is a question, then, whether the Mui-tsai shall be gradually emancipated, by finding the best solution possible, or let them go on being regarded as chattels or as pieces of money. We have time and again invited the best-thinking citizens of the Colony to offer a better solution than registration, but up to this moment none has ever come forward with a more effective remedy for the festering evil. Instead, some few carping critics have stood by the roadside croaking at us with this cynicism: 'Virtue, I have followed thee through life, and I find thee but a shadow.' As virile idealists we cannot allow the Mui-tsai system to be upheld for the convenience of a few. As the Chairman has intimated, we must not grow weary of well-doing. We should push on with the good work.\n\nSince the last annual meeting of October 22, 1928, the Society has been able to establish close co-operation with The Anti-Slavery and Aborigines Protection Society in London, and the British Commonwealth League, the primary object of which is \"To secure Equality of Liberties, Status and Opportunities between men and women in the British Commonwealth of Nations. Thanks to the kind efforts of Mrs. C. B. L. Haselwood and Commander C. B. L. Haselwood, R.N. (Retired), we are able to get in the closest touch with the above organizations and allied Societies which take a serious view of all issues relating to equal citizenship.\n\nIt was also announced that Dr. Ma Luk had made a generous donation to the Society and that the Chinese Press are co-operating by inserting advertisements, free of charge.\n\n## BRITISH AVIATION TRIUMPH.\n\n### REMARKABLE ENGINE IN SEAPLANE FOR HONG KONG.\n\nThe Manager of the Far Eastern Aviation Company, Mr. Vaughan Fowler, has received information that the Cirrus Aero Engine Company, London, one of whose engines is fitted in the Avian Hermes seaplane, due to arrive here next week, won a remarkable triumph at the Newcastle Air Pageant on October 5.\n\nCirrus engines won the following air races:-\n| Cup | Position |\n| --- | --- |\n| Society of British Aircraft Constructors' Challenge Cup | 1st, 3rd |\n| Grosvenor Challenge Cup | 1st |\n| Air League of the British Empire Challenge Cup | 1st, 3rd |\n\nThe fastest time of the day was obtained by a Cirrus-Hermes Widgeon. It will be remembered that the Hermes is the latest development of the Cirrus and gives 105/113 h.p.",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-516-6 The Mui-Tsai question 5-11-1929 - 21-1-1930.txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 575541,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-590-23 Situation in Hong Kong 25-4-1905 - 25-4-1905",
        "page_number": 183,
        "title": "CO129-590-23 Situation in Hong Kong 25-4-1905 - 25-4-1905",
        "content_text": "## 182\n\n10.3.42.\n\n**RUSH WASHINGTON**  \nRoosevelt summoned Admirals King and Hart to conference White House. King is newly appointed Commander-in-Chief United States Navy in European waters, and Hart has just returned from Pacific operations.\n\nRP/GN\n\n**LONDON**  \nIn Commons today, Liberal National MP Henry Morris Jones asked whether Prime Minister would set up inquiry commission on lines Dardanelles and Mesopotamian Commissions during last war to investigate \"loss Malaya\" and \"disaster to our arms at Singapore.\" Deputy Prime Minister Attlee replied, \"No, Sir. As already been stated, no information about what happened in Singapore, Malaya is yet available.\" Morris Jones: \"Can he tell House when Prime Minister will keep his promise that we should have debate on whole question Malaya and Singapore?\" Attlee: \"That was dependent on having information. It is no use having inquiry or debate on matter on which there is no information.\"\n\n## MORESBY ONE\n\nHEB/TD/GN\n\n**SYDNEY**  \nInterpreting intense bombing Port Moresby as preliminary to heavy raids on Australian northern bases and eastern mainland, Royal Australian Air Force is now carrying fight to Japanese. This is part of new strategy to forestall Japanese by taking offensive. Air Minister Drakeford is convinced RAAF's bombing, strafing attacks past week considerably hampered Japanese plans. Therefore, maximum force will continue to hammer enemy invasion lines to disrupt smooth running which accounted for its success to date. Every day gained by such disruption is most valuable in race for time in which Japan sees hope to strike before Allied nations gather force necessary for offensive demanded by Australia, New Zealand.\n\n## MORESBY TWO\n\nFull use has been made of breathing space given by Japanese hesitation at Rabaul while Java was being overrun. But what is even more valuable is fact that RAAF's blows, combined with Major-General Gordon Bennett's battle cry, are inspiring public with offensive spirit which, even in grimmest moments, Australian Imperial Force never lost. False optimism is noticeably absent, but everywhere there is heard Van Mook's words, \"There should be end to destroying and retreating.\" It is realised major problem is to hold off Jap's nose while Allied forces are marshalling to cut into their flanks. As they prepare to fling themselves into that task, Australians' grimness is lightened by knowledge that at long last they are being given action instead of inquests.\n\nRP/TD/GN\n\n**SYDNEY**  \nMaximum and minimum prices for future dealing in company shares and debentures were issued today, Tuesday, and come into operation tomorrow when free trading is resumed on modified scale. Shares may be sold without Treasury permission and based on 10 percent margins above and below values ruling on February 19th, last day of free trading.\n\nGMC/TD/GN",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-590-23 Situation in Hong Kong 25-4-1905 - 25-4-1905.txt",
        "external_url": "",
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    },
    {
        "id": 579558,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-592-6 Reports on current situation- including weekly intelligence reports 18-9-1945 - 20-12-1945",
        "page_number": 100,
        "title": "CO129-592-6 Reports on current situation- including weekly intelligence reports 18-9-1945 - 20-12-1945",
        "content_text": "100\n\n} used to effect a thorough search for enemy arms etc., before an inventory is handed over to us.\n\n2. to China? Under what category will enemy resources be turned over\n\nAll installations constructed by the JAPANESE army, navy or force, all vehicles, ships and planes originally belonging to the enemy, and all enemy munitions will be turned over to us. Specific reference, however, is made in the memorandum in connection with JAPANESE owned merchandise.\n\nIs the area of HONG KONG closely marked so as to enlighten our acceptance of enemy resources?\n\nNo. The area, according to the declaration made on the \"Surrender Day\", September 16th, is described as including that held under JAPANESE COMMANDERS. All enemy resources formerly held by the JAPANESE ARMY, NAVY and AIR-FORCE under COMMANDERS OKADA AND FUJII will be ours.\n\nIs there any estimate available with regard to the quantity of enemy resources that will be turned over to us?\n\nIt is at present hard to make an estimate without obtaining the results of the BRITISH investigation now being conducted by the BRITISH GOVERNMENT and the checking made after the investigation by the CHINESE Authorities.\n\nIs a conference being held to discuss the Status of HONG KONG?\n\nWhether such a meeting is now being held I have no definite knowledge. However, from general observation and from the facts hinted by the papers, the HONG KONG problem might have been touched upon. It is quite possible that the problem will be a subject of discussions by the Five Ministers' Conference. At present what they have been discussing is mainly concerned with affairs of Europe.\n\nTo what extent has the BRITISH GOVERNMENT helped us to get hold of the enemy resources that are in HONG KONG?\n\nMARSHAL PAN emphatically admitted that so far the BRITISH GOVERNMENT had, in connection with this \"turn-over\" problem, given us every possible help for which we feel deeply grateful. Apparently the acceptance of the surrender of enemy troops in the vicinity of KOWLOON has not been completed. So it is not meet for me to make further comment upon this question.\n\nThe authority to accept enemy surrender in HONG KONG.\n\nAs regards the authority for acceptance of enemy surrender in HONG KONG, MARSHAL PAN said, \"Acting under authority of the BRITISH GOVERNMENT and GENERALISSIMO CHIANG KAI-SHEK, the Chief Commander of the China Theatre, GOVERNOR HARCOURT accepted the surrender of the HONG KONG JAPANESE troops. The BRITISH wished to retake HONG KONG as it was snatched from their hands by the JAPANESE. Again, strategically HONG KONG and KOWLOON were during the hostilities a part of the CHINA THEATRE and so the COMMANDER concerned was the right man to see to the surrender. BRITAIN and CHINA are ALLIED NATIONS, arrangements were consequently made that GOVERNOR HARCOURT represented COMMANDER CHIANG KAI-SHEK to accept the surrender of HONG KONG enemy in exactly the same way as GENERAL MACARTHUR acted as a representative for Allies other than AMERICA to conduct the Surrender Ceremony at TOKYO.\n\nPage 100\n\nPage 101",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-592-6 Reports on current situation- including weekly intelligence reports 18-9-1945 - 20-12-1945.txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 579708,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-592-8 Future Policy in Hong Kong 1-1-1945 - 26-11-1945",
        "page_number": 65,
        "title": "CO129-592-8 Future Policy in Hong Kong 1-1-1945 - 26-11-1945",
        "content_text": "Shanghai Evening Post & Mercury, August 1, 1945.\n\nAS A BRITON SEES IT\n\nTHE FUTURE OF HONGKONG--British Interests and Claims\n\nBy H.G.W. Woodhead, C.B.E.\n\n65-6\n\nAt the Cairo Conference, at which President Roosevelt, General Chiang Kai-shek, and Mr. Winston Churchill were present, the British Prime Minister made it quite clear that there was no question of Britain's waiving her claims to the recovery of the British Crown Colony of Hongkong. It must have come as a serious shock to members of the British Government when news dispatches from Chungking stated that Chinese troops were facing for Hongkong to occupy it before the British could get there. To put it mildly, such action on the part of the Chinese Government could hardly be regarded as a friendly act to an Ally who had played a major role in the defeat of the Japanese Empire. There are, of course, some circles in this country who would not be sorry to see a clash between China and Great Britain on this issue. There are others, not actually malicious, whose inconsistencies in commenting on British claims to Hongkong have come perilously near hypocrisy. To these it is not imperialistic for America to retain permanent occupation of a number of Pacific Islands--some of them formerly possessed by Britain, Australia, France, Holland, and Portugal; or for the U.S.S.R. to regain possession of Port Arthur, and a large portion of the Tsarist regime's privileges in Manchuria, part of which were wrested from Russia by Japan, and the other portion theatrically renounced as the fruits of aggression and exploitation, between 1919 and 1924. But it is imperialistic and immoral for the British Empire to reoccupy a Colony which it has administered with strikingly successful results for over a century.\n\nThe issue is dormant for the moment, General Chiang Kai-shek having avoided the flux plus which he was alleged to have contemplated, and the Chinese Government having openly admitted that even if Chinese troops were the first to enter the British Colony, they would only do so to hold it until the British returned. Moreover, under orders from the Supreme Commander for the Allied Forces, the Japanese are to surrender Hongkong direct to Rear Admiral C.H.J. Harcourt of the British Navy. The future of Hongkong will remain a question for discussion between Great Britain and China. I do not for a moment believe that the British Government will agree to any third Power participation in any discussions on this subject.\n\nMost Chinese criticisms of the British reoccupation of Hongkong have been anonymous. Mysterious \"Chinese circles\" are credited with stating that they are determined not to return if the British retain the Colony. Obviously there must be transient residents, for if they were domiciled in Hongkong they would not be Chinese, but British, nationals. Occasionally some critic comes into the open. Dr. B.A. Liu, for example, addressing the Shanghai Tiffin Club, likened \"a prospective British return to Hongkong to occupation of Manhattan by a foreign Power.\" I am afraid the logic of this argument is rather weak, unless one may also assume that for the Chinese to take over Hongkong would be like taking away Manhattan from the British Empire. Anyhow, there is no comparison between Hongkong and Manhattan. A treeless, pirate-infested, unhealthy island, annexed to the British Crown in 1841, was under British administration and control developed into one of the world's major ports. Its administration may not have been perfect, but it was admittedly far ahead of that of any port under purely Chinese control. I say admittedly, for did not the late Dr. Sun Yat-sen, on one of his last visits to the Colony inquire \"how it was that foreigners, that Englishmen, could do so much as they had done, for example, with the barren rock of Hongkong within seventy or eighty years, while in four thousand years China has no place like Hongkong?,\" and advise his fellow countrymen--not to grab it back but--to \"carry this English example of good government to every part of China?\"\n\nHongkong has never been selfishly administered. From the date of its first Charter it was an open and a free port, available without discrimination to the trade and shipping of the whole world, and thus, as an American Official Commercial Handbook put it, occupying a position in the world's trade that was unique and without parallel. The population of the Colony enjoyed every form of freedom--other than open sedition--during years when China was driven by internal strife, and to many it was the only place off the China coast where they could reside free from persecution or oppression. It never became an important industrial centre--if one excludes ship-building, cement manufacture, and sugar-refining--the main efforts of the Government and community being concentrated upon developing it as a great trans-shipment and communications centre, where railways, air services, and ocean-going steamship lines met. If Hongkong and other British ports in Asia had applied the same shipping restrictions as were enforced in American possessions, not a single Dollar Liner...\n\n+1",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-592-8 Future Policy in Hong Kong 1-1-1945 - 26-11-1945.txt",
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    },
    {
        "id": 599791,
        "series_id": 27,
        "series_slug": "histsyn-co129-engine",
        "series_title": "CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案",
        "series_use_hku_proxy": false,
        "document_key": "CO129-628-11 War Damage Compensation- individual claims 1-3-1951 - 31-3-1951",
        "page_number": 34,
        "title": "CO129-628-11 War Damage Compensation- individual claims 1-3-1951 - 31-3-1951",
        "content_text": "I 11011/7\n\nOUT FILE\n\nPORTION\n\nMICH\n\n5.3.1.\n\n30th March, 1950.\n\n34\n\nBar,\n\nI am directed by the Secretary Bevin to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of the 11th March concerning your claim for compensation in respect of war loss and personal injury sustained in China, and to state that although he appreciates the unfortunate position in which you find yourself as a result of the war in China, he regrets to be unable materially to add to what was stated in Foreign Office letter of the 30th August 1948.\n\nI am to explain that in the view of His Majesty's Government, compensation in respect of war damage to property situated in the territory of an Allied Power which was occupied by the enemy is the responsibility of the Government of that territory. This general principle was recognised by the Governments of the States who signed the Final Act of the Paris Conference on Reparation (from Germany) on the 31st December 1945. The Chinese Government, however, were not parties to that instrument, and have expressed their unwillingness to pay compensation to foreign nationals in respect of war damage, and, since they do not compensate their own nationals and are under no obligation to do so, there are no grounds on which His Majesty's Government could successfully contest their refusal even if there were no doubt of their capacity to pay.\n\nIn these circumstances, therefore, the only recourse is against Japan. No Peace Conference has yet been convened for the purpose of drawing up a Treaty of Peace with Japan, and although His Majesty's Government's views on the desirability of concluding a peace settlement in the Far East are well known, this is not a matter in which they can make progress alone.\n\nAs Mr. Bevin is aware, the only payments which have so far been made to British subjects whose property in the Far East sustained war damage are ex-gratia grants under the Far Eastern Private Chattels Scheme. These grants, so far as they are available to British subjects who sustained war damage in China, are only available to those British subjects formerly interned in Japanese-controlled territories who now intend to make a permanent home in the United Kingdom. As you do not fulfil this last condition, it is regretted that you are not eligible to apply for such a grant.\n\nIn the case of ex-employees of the Shanghai Municipal Council, pending a settlement by the Chinese Government who by the Sino-British Treaty of 1943 assumed inter alia the obligations of the Council, His Majesty's Government have prepared a scheme for ex-gratia advances on account of claims to service benefits to certain former members of the Council.\n\nB.P. Dillon, Esq.,\n\nc/o Chartered Bank of India,\n\nAustralia and China\n\nHong Kong",
        "txt_file_path": "txt/2diw2n4r2/CO129-628-11 War Damage Compensation- individual claims 1-3-1951 - 31-3-1951.txt",
        "external_url": "",
        "rank": 0
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