1959-10-19 — Page 10

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MILLION-YEAR-OLD SKULL TO BACK DARWIN'S THEORY

London.

Dr Louis Leakey, the British anthropologist, disclosed to a scientific audience here that a piece of bone structure found in the Olduwai Gorge, Tanganyika, the “Tibia" (shinbone) belongs to a species of man he has christened Zinjanthropus Boisci.

The audience were unable to

view this new discovery.

But they were able to study the reconstruction DO far carried out by Dr Leakey, Curator of Nairobi's Coryndon Museum, of a skuli which his wife found last July, which is believed to be the earliest trace of man.

1 rkull, estimated at be tween 600,000 and, one milion years old, is taken by Dr Leakey as convincing evidence of the truth of Darwin's theory 1 of evolution.

Dr Leaity, who has worked for many yours trying to prove his wory that homo sapiens originated in Africa, tald

hk

Weird Puppets Bring

To Life Fabled

Giants And Knights

By S, M. KISMADI

Djakarta, Oct. 18.

The souls of the dead are alive again in Indonesia. But their wanderings are restricted to the oblong screens of the country's ancient shadow plays.

Weird puppets-vessels of the ancestral spiritscast their grotesque shadows" on the screen, acting out the stories ef giants and knights. The hare of burning incense adds to the mysterious atmosphere.

nudience he baptised the skull Zinjanthropus Bolsei after Zinji, the ancient name fut

Charle East Africa, and Mr Bols, a London business man, who had

furtanced

much anthropological and archeo- logical work in East Africa.

REMARKABLY HUMAN Dr Leakey said he had not

Sitting cross-legged, tallor- announced the "tibla" discovery fashion, a puppeteer mantpu- before because he had only

lotu the puppets with deft completed the removal of the Angers. Beating rhythmically bone a few nights ago and it | with a wooden mallet, held be- was now certain it belonged to tween his toes, he also directs the skull.

the music to which the shadows move.

11 was remarkably human and showed that its owner was very agile and very slender,

He described the primitive man, Zinjanthropus Bolsel, as a bridge between near man and man Aimself.

Aaked to describe the maz, Dr Leakey said he was not very tall, probably under five

Holding the puppets over the smoke of the incense, the pup- peteer asks each of them for their permission to perform, A chicken is sacrifleed, flowers placed at crossroads and the proper incuntutions are chanted, Any negligence or oversight, no matter how slight, is suffi- clent to bring down the wrath of the Gods.

Most Javanese firmly believe that angry Gods and splitts cause fires to break out, harvests to dry in the fields, No one elte but the puppeteer flouds to rampage ar a beloved may bring the puppets io lifeson to die.

aster may

on the rereens. Otherwise, the The pre-performance rituals Gods will be angered and dis- airo enable the puppeteer to strike. Or so goes perform his task. Sitting crosI- legged for 12 consecutive hours, he will not get cramps and won't be thirsty or hungry it.he carries out the cites correctly.

feel and of pirmy statare. Christian

He lacked a

forehead, his

face was twice as long as modern man's, he had a very tull neck but was completely upright.

not

held

This makes the puppeteer a highly respected and highly

feared-person.

A displeased puppeteer may purposely neglect a small port of the closTMÉ

pre-per- formanos ritual and bring trouble to the house where is performing.

he

the legend.

The origin of the shadow play is buried in the ages when people believed that a person's shadow was his soul. Invading Hindu, Buddhist, Islamie and

cultures have destroyed that bellef.

HELD REGULARLY

Performances ere sul regularly at weddings, births, Ilia tower brdy was not following n bountiful harvest massive, us, living in the open, and on other such occasions. his caly means of defence was They are also frequently ic others through neglect wilt running. He lived on the given in the palaces of president spend the rest of his life in

hores of a Buctuating lake Sukarno, an avid fan.

disgrace.-UPI. filled with crocodiles, fish and Made of intricately carved hippopotamu. There was open rawhide--preferably from the grassland, with giant pigs the hides, or albino water buffalo-- size of rhinoceros and glant the flat puppets are held against omariches bigger than the big-the while screen. A flicker.by cit Rest mon of New Zealand.

PRIMITIVE TOOLS

le couges the shadows 10 twitch, heightening the Illusion that the shadows are alive,

The puppet plays generally a depict

stories of the eternal battle between good and evil,

The creature qualified as men because he used tools, for primitive cutting tools

were found

Dr Leakey sald:

"We re.. turned t Olduwal Gorge this year to try and find living sites on Olduwai culture, So far no such sites had been found any where."

The puppeteer always holds "evil" puppets in his left

In

many

On the other hand, any pup- peteer who causes misfortune

13th Century Mongolian Fortress

Moscow. Oct. 18.

Soviet archaeologists, digging

news

hand and "good" puppets in'in separate parts of the Soviet his right; for, as Dountries in Aala, left is bad, century Mongolian fortress cily Union, have uncovered a 13th and right is good.

and gold ornaments dating back Nobody knows who wrote the 23 centuries, the Tass scripts for the stories or the agency reported to-day. scores for, the music of gongs

Archaeologists working in the accompanies East Siberian region and cymbals that

of Chita the plays,

also dug up a necropole in the fortress. city with many richly- ornamented sarcophagi con- taining the remains of several of Ghengis Khan's chieftains.

The skull was discovered by Dr Leakey's wife, Mary, in July. Part of the right side of a man's plate was sticking out of one of the sila beds and it was clear Both the scripts and the

that there had been damage through erosion.

somo

Dr Loakey said: There, are some bones stiil nibsing and

au going back again to screen 100 yards of aren missing fragments."

PREPARATION

music have remained the same through the years and never One of these lombs is believed Iwill the puppetser deviate from to be that of Khan

Isunke, them, if he did, he would risk nephew of Ghengis Khan, who severe puniskanent from the headed part of the Mongolian Gods.

empire situated in that part of

To become a puppetter re Siberia. for the

quires years of preparation and” there are few of them in this | just country.

He said the top of the skull was broken into hundreds of fragments by expansion and contraction of clay it found la

"There wore

WAS

After a long period of fasting and abstinence, the Gods may reveal their approval of a would

A complicated system of un- derground canals used for con- tral heating was discovered in the fortress.

In the Don River Della Region (Southern Ukraine) solid gold

kilo were uncovered in a stone funeral crypt by other archaeo- logists-France-Presse

be puppeteer. Only after such | ornaments weighing up to four approval will he be accepted at over 450 frog- one of the two puppeteer schools ments and we still have over 70 In the country. Both are located pieces of the jigsaw, to put in. In Central Java, the scat of The whole face will be complete Indonesia's ancient culture, when finished," he said:

· The candidate must be well versed

130 <inssien! language of Java, the tradli ilona) music and cisanta used throughout the plays.

FOOD

Findings indicated that food

for the ancient man comprised

'He must familiariso kimsalí

snakes, Asher, lizards, frogs and with the hundreds of characters

birds, tats and mice, paris of represented by separate pup-

TWO ALARMS,

ONE BLAZE

very young giant pigs and parts pets.He must know their voice The fire Brigade were called

of very young "antelopes:

their mannerisms, their charac-

Dr Leakey"said: "His teeth teristics and general, behaviour, surgem he was mainly vegeven the slightest variation in tarian but had funk fürned the the pitch of the valen of one of frontier to carnivorous diet”.

out twice this morning, but one of the calls turned out to bo a false startu, ya

Another kerosene stove fire.

the characters makes for dis- which only “lasted about five

MSN St. time tui, perotice, - portioðlarly | extinguished the blogE

where it requienis sicil' only....buit.

Hd front teeth were content among the audience. minutes, broke out in Shauki- intivaly tiny compared with hia Learning to manipulate the wun at 8,am, Fire: appliances enormous molars and would not puppets", also takes considerable: reached the scene and quickly. be suitable for tearing the of his prey.

The fales alarm was reported De Ladkey said te whe code angers kan tomblo bogo wa wall from Tong: Mel Road," near vinced that: the whole, me that But most important, of all, Prince Edward Road man's skeleton lay in the awe the puppetoer, must learn the Some people, wwwpoke and he hoped, with femrielai Various Murificial rites and ins. coming from window of 28, hacking, to return to look for its cantation): parking each iper. Tong" del Rowd, and "Chiled the

Ching Mall Special

J. Fire Brigade.

ABOVE: Twenty-three-year-old Kathleen Wong's wed- ding reception at Southport, Cheshire, on October 13 ploved' an exception to the rule that East and West shall never meet. For her wedding at St John's Church

to cafe owner Mo Sing, 27, she ware a European-style lace and white satin gown, and helped to cut a tradi- tionally English three-tier wedding cake. But after- wards the 250 English and Chinese guests rat down to a 10-course, chopstick meal cooked by her mother, Mrs Wong Lane, also a cafe owner, Featured strongly on the monu, which began with shark's fin soup, were chicken, col, pork and mushroom dishes.—Express

Photo.

ABOVE: In his palace at Rabut, King Mohammed V of Morocco looks anything but on Oriental monarch as ho plays with his youngest and favourite daughter Lala, 6-Express Photo.

ABOVE: For the first time the other day, Group Captain Peter Townsend and Mario Luce Jamagne, daughter of a Belgian cigaretto manufacturer, appear- cd in public to talk about their engagement and mar- riaga.

But they failed to say anything concrete about whon or where. "Early next year" was the nearest they got to a date; and Townsend's answer to questions

From the Film

M

25

years

-AGO.

MTB-C. D'Almada a Castro, A the local solicitor, Mr K. C. Chan and Mrs White were among the lucky winners in the draw for tickets made at Jimmy's Kitchen during tiffin yester day. The tickets will enable them to see Shirley Temple in "Baby Take a Bow" at the King's Theatre Saturday.

on

"The prospect of a China branch of Imperial Airwaya Service

to Australia Beema dead," a high aviation autho-

rity in London told Reuter. He added that China still re-

fused to allow any foreign acroplanes to enter her ter. ritory "for fear that she will be obliged to admit Japancas aeroplanca,"

a Church wass. "That question is rather I a by-election held th

delicato... for obvious reasons I cannot answer it". The obvious reasons are that Marie-Luce is a Catholic, and Townsend is divorced. Townsond is 44, Marie- Luce is 20; and, the romantically-minded in Britain have been quick to seize upon her remarkable resem- blanco. to Princess Margaret., Mario-Luce was his secratury on his round-the-world filming tour.—Express

Photo.

ABOVE: While Britons at home have been basking in the hottest and driest summer ever, compatriots who followed the recent tradition of flying to Spain for a fortnight's sun have been had with a vengeance. For all along the 62-mile Costa Brava the rains this sum- mer have been terrific-according to 76-year-old 2. Estobe-Liach Marti of Tossa de Mar, keeper of tho weather records: "It has never rained like this in Spain for 57 years." In one spell, rain swept down from the inlond mountains for a continuous 48 hours; 'a four- your-old girl wai' swept out to sea from the doorway of her home at San Feliu by a flood of water, and has not been found. Picture shows: Holidaymakers in Tossa de Mar don't need to go to the beach for a paddle.-- Express Photo...

ABOVE: “ The brainchild of three Cambridge engineers that may revolutionise the

· of voll--the collapsible," angka-like nes!! have fuse- undergoing their hardest taste yetidin the ture shows:: Affičome uncolling a Drücone into the river Nigery onda filled with oll, the containers: Hönt, high, orë storm proof, mailly, towed by ki Junkers.

England the North Lambeth division, a Liberal majority of more than 7,000 has been turned into a La- bour majority of more than 6,000.

The election was caused by the sitting Liberal mem- ber. The new new MP was Mr G. R. Strauss, son of a former Conservative MP,

It is learned that the Hong- kong Amateur Dramatic Club will most probably open their

Berzon

hiphiv

with Ivor Novello's comedy successfu

which was the outstanding feature of

"French Fields"

last year's London tions.

produc-

THE Hongkong Singers, a THE

newly formed group of amateur vocalists made their debut yesterday at the Helena May concert. That they met with spontaneous success was quite evident from the applause from a full house. Their conduc- tor was Mr J. Anderson Miller.

The singers comprise Mos- dames Dorothy Snowdon-Jones, Margery Bowes-Smith, Irene Miller, Maumee Valentine, Helen Lockhart, H. G.. Annias and G. W. R. Griggs and Messrs D. La Laard, 6. R. Kerr, R. Dormer, J. Barrow, A. S. King. A. V. Sanders, G. Heywood and I.. Peckham.

Five hundred taels of raw opium cleverly concealed in 296 preserved duck eggs were found in a basket among the "luggage of a man from the

steamer Kong So when search was conducted on the Hot On Wharf by a revenue officer.

This Funny World

f„Robert Murtin in the beef TENOL

why dosi'e Bla marry hima”

for and on bab

de South Chin