1957-06-10 — Page 7

A DANGER OF

THE CHINA MAIL, MONDAY, JUNE 10, 1957.

"CONSTITUTIONAL COMMUNISM"

TINE years ago, as if at a given signal, the munist Party. What is the Im-

Communists throughout South-east Asia embarked plication of this?

N

although the insurgents have been much reduced in mcoe Army documents.

Communist

upon armed insurrection. In Burma and Malaya, A few months ago the Bur- captured SOMO The strength, the fighting still drags on. Elsewhere, the

Communista had previously put Communists have tended, in recent years, to prefer to the Government ecrinin con- ballots to bulleta. The Indonesian Communists staged ditions for a cease-fire. the Madiun revolt in 1948, and falled. But they contented

the general election 18 months ago with considerable ARMED STRUGGLE success, emerging as one of the four largest parties. In India, too, the Communists have gained an electoral

In the captured documenis, the victory in the state of Kerala, and, for the first time, Communist leader, Thakin Than India has a state Government which is Communist. It Tun, explained to his followers

Is also the first time that Communists anywhere have the tactics of this move, been able to form a Government by winning a free gre," he said, "we will use our election.

This shirt of Communist tactics in Asia poses some politi- cal problems. When the Com- munist tactice was armed rebel- Hon tho issue was relatively simple; to fight back or surren der. The new tactie is a welcome change, because it is An ad- mission of failure. It is welcome abo because it is better to have the Communists behaving consti-

"The moment we get a cease-

democratic righ's to continue the

By SAUL ROSE

a prominent British Socialist who is making a special study of the politics of South-east Asia at St Anthony's College, Oxford. He has made an extensivo tour of the Croa in order to be able to uso practical

experionco in furthering his academic work.

tutionally, as if they were an ordinary political party, rather then as

gang of terrorists hiding in the jungle, Is true that Communisis can be more dangerous when they tura

It is also true that Communist Party, even when respectable, if the Insurrection were ended it adopts constitutional methods, in Burma and Malaya much remalis in u apecini category human suffering, loss of life and These distinctive waste of resources would avolded. Both U Nu in Burma es of Communist and Tengku Abdul Rahuman in Malaya have been prepared to offer generous terms to achieve That object.

of every political party-but to fight, to add to our strength and use the constitutional machinery prepare once more for armed to win power in order to destroy struggle." Even If it

that machinery and estabilah it dictatorship. For these reasons,

COMMONSENSE

74

He went on to say: "While

we are fighting within the de- anocratie fold, the armed method will have to be held in abeyance, but the final atruggle will be with weapons."

their

IT

Baglas_today--the fascinating story of an ordinary visitor to Rasala, who went off the beaten track

I TRAVEL

TOURIST

TO RUSSIA

T was difficult to believe that I was really in Russia until, with a sudden stab of cold and exasperation (an exasperation I was often to feel), I walked away from my fellow tourists-into the Leningrad sun-- alone. Twenty of us were being taken remorselessly round the grim old Peter Paul Fortress.

-

women younger

grabbed this creature from outer

with space

unconcealed wonderment--and warmth.

Extricating myself from her and the fortress I slashed through the mud into Russia.

Like prehistoric re- elegance that Peter tho like a ball of wool. But characteris- This is quite in line with Com-frigerators each cell was Great created.

radiant as a child. The Parties are munist doctrine, although ex-solemnly opened and we

extraordinary sweet but Sewall Jenown in Asia; and pressed somewhat more frankly were told, first in Russian Clinging to me as I left, sturdy old women of Russia

when thun is usual. yet there is a tendency,

11 wer then in English, its dank uttering little marvelling the babushkas of calculation in

(grand- they put on their best behaviour kind

cries as she felt the arm of mothers), who unlike the and adopt constitutional methods, minds that Communists adopt record. to accept them as the equals of constitutional Lacties. For the

my sweater, was a character slightly jealously staring other parties. They are enevur- rake of conelljalion, democrata Outside was Leningrad, a I was to meet again and aged to abandon insurrection and may choose Ignore or forget

A woman so old Enter the areas of constitutional at their peril; for it does not city of gilded domes and again.

like match- that the wrinkles seemed to politics; but it does not stop follow that the Communists will entres held The policy-of

over the pasteiled be wound round her features flames trying to here. They are also admitted to do the same. induce the Communists to strategie positions in the pollti- abandon Insurrection in favour cal system which it is their aim of constitutional behaviour is to destroy. Indonesia provides not difficult to justify It is a recent example oľ this. common senso. If somebody has President Sukarno's conception unorthodox vlows about property, of "gulded democracy" seems to it is better dut he should ex- tive hinged upon the inclusion pound those views from a politi- of the Communista

the val platform rather than resort Cabinet and in the National to robbery with violence. But Council. In Singapore, the when such a change of tactics is People's Action Party is based made, does not mean that all on the assumption that it is problems are solved.

possible for non-Communials to

with collaborate

Communists There is a danger that Com without being swallowed up. It munist behaviour will be taken is argued that if the Communists at its face value, and that when are treated like any other party, the Communists start behaving they may be weaned away from ilke other political parties it will their outside allegiance and be assumed that they have be- develop national brand of come a political party like any Communism. This was the kind other. This assumption is false of argument used by the other for three obvious reasons. The political parties in Eastern first is that Communist Parties Europe, before they were absorb- retain an outside allegiance-19 ed or unniħliated by the Com- Moscow or Pekligand take munists, their directives from Losa sources, as is shown by the twists

of their

and turninga

Party line. The second is that no Communist Party ever comes fully into the open. There is

DIFFICULTIES

The recent happenings in

intimal dimculties in the Asion Communist Parties; but it is

always a section of the Party Hungary and Poland have caused which remains under cover with the assignment of infllirating into other organisations in order to capture or disrupt them, The third is that the objecive of a Communist Party when it be haves constitutionally is not merely to win puwer-the aim

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gulilant that these effects were produced from without and not from within the countries National Communism of Asia may develop out of the strains and stresses of the Cummunist system, as it did in the case of Yugoslavia, but there is no indi- cution ns yet that it can be fostered by other political parties adopting a conclllatory attitude towards the Communists.

There is, therefore, a vital cifference between encouraging Communists to adopt constitu- Honni methods Instead of terrorism and accepting Com- munist Parties as bona fide partners in a political system, The former is desirable; the tatter is highly dangerous.

But cften the Lwo are confused. There have been suggestions that the Communist Party In Burma and in Malaya should be "legalized,"

Tols appears to mean that they should be made constitu- tional. Yet when It is put in this way, it obviously does not make sense. For only the Com- munists can make their activi- les constitullonal-by abandon- Ing insurrection and terrorism. What is often meant by this proposal-that the Burmese or Malayan Government should legalise the Communist Party- is that the Government should come to terms with the Co-

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SUBMARINE MOUNTINGS

FOR THE ATOM MISSILE

Washington.

Suddenly I found myself surrounded. Stared at, talk- ed at, tugged at. It was my tartan alacks!

'HOOLIGAN'

Those crews of mine got me more crowds in Russia than Monroe would rate in Britain, I took my little dark crowd of followers around with me wherever I went.

They were not & very bright tartan and were cer- tainly not a right fit. But it was the Russian women who were rudest about them!

dress in England

£15), they were crowd to be with.

by

ANNE

SHARPLEY

GENADIG among the ice fions

for under pleasant

a

When we ate together at the Intourist hotel w "Zenana"-a place cut off with velvet curtains and reservod for foreignerS and important officials. So much Jor equality.

We sat over interminable and, fantasile breakfasts of magared- croissards, sausage, yoghourt, watery ogga, arguing endlessly. Nor did my fellow touriste seem to be as wery

sa I wis that some of the things we were shown wer "ket pieces" put

on for the benefit of tourists.

tho

We were taken to see Plonder Palace in Leningrad, now a

Youths sort of super Centre. It was formerly a love- nest built along Verealies liner for Peter the Great's daughter. Now, we were told, children played in the corridors and balls.

In one salon in particular, where there were two 2013, high that Venetian gloss rändelabra

have rude word would shattered, the Russian children were supposed to play fively. Indeed there were children there, But I begged leave to doubt that the plays WGS spontaneous or that the speeches, songs, dances and so on that we were treated to wea not carefully rehearsed..

It was all so fingerprintless, foolmarkless and allele that was slightly appalled.

Everyone cle in the party, however, was impressed. If this was natural children's play, I

When I went around in them with an interpreter later, I got the translations of the comments they made, "Stilyagi," the women would shout-which means La sort of upper-class Teddy Girl-for some of the teen- age children of higher officials are being very anchored midstream, from could only conclude that Rus- much criticised for copying whenos he had swim, he posed Western styles.

When the women really wanted to be withering they would call me "Hooli- gan," which means much the same in Russian as it does to us.

I exchanged giggles with the cheerful women stræet cleaners ...

for me handsomely.

"Igor?

Boris? Vladimir?" I asked. 1-

nians were all much more docile ps children then 1 was,

However orderly the small onies were the toonagers are clearly a different story. That "Genadig." he replied We evening in a hotel which is in smiled, shook hands, and ne

Edwardian I exactly what the tramped off along the beach

I style might have been if it had. turned to see Genadig standing, been allowed to go on getting arns up, prating the thrin sun- heavier and heavier-I met the shino like a Malayan mun bear, stilyagi.

Two minutes later I was ect-

The men were kinder. Sometimes they were en- ing tread and drinking mineral LATEST HIT thusiastic. "Beautiful" or water with dour sailors. Our "Most original," they would total conversation was the word call.

"Liverpool," where they hash A loo-stringy band was play- presumably been. My camera ing "Dark Town Struler

pockets were explored by Ball"-the latest hit turas do be three le boys, and I ex- lot in by the post-Stalin Drow. changed giggles with a cheerful, Dancing as though, they were rugged bunch of women.sineet istening to move completely different tune were, the gilded cleaners.

youth of Lerlingrad, dressed in At last I really believed I was a coricature of the West. in Russia.

ANIMAL MARKA)Elsdon Candle

One gist had obviously scena Getting to Russia as a tourist picture of the Italien cut and

surprisingly easy. There had pinstered round her forg WEB D third-class trip going head an arrangement that look- from London arai I arranged to ed like meat-hooks. Tłokr

I

But the first time they gathered round me making Full these commenta

couldn't even guess of them the meaning. So I chatted back happily in English,

WE SMILED

was

to

:

Nobody understood what catch up with them in Leningrad clothes were not by any mester and say will them for five poor just appaltingly clurney Jackson suggested the decision was being said on ofther daju. Only one agency in Lon- and badly coloured. But come

side, but a general impres- don, a small but very ellaient how I was more touched, thane 15.00 AN American plan to let Britain out of atombe

sion of animated godivals

Grunges third-class amused. retaliation by substituting nuclear powered sub- Pentagon chiels but by President was created and after a time group toure (£126 for 24 days). 8:50 marine missile bases for land bases in England has been Eisenhower,

and they have seven tours 25.00 presented to President Eisenhower.

I was allowed to continue Russia this year, He proposed: 35,00

alone, 7.50 Theory behind the plan: 7.50 an enemy would concentrate 01 destroying the sub- 5.00 marines, leaving Britain un 10.00 scathed.

From HENRY LOWRIE

This was another side. Fot Kumain This pathetic tonáting for Western- things-the “harly My felles tourists VICTO netching of my fashion mega- mixture of Britons, Australians, zines, the enger questions and I wandered through the sun- shine to the river bank to bo Cadians and + dew people, envious 100s. These элеме confronted, of all unexpected born in Rusia, who were ne- women who syanted to be bares.... It is a matter of plain ● The President, with the help things, by a large brown nearly thing to have a look und. feminine but didn't know quliy geography in the age of weapons of the National Security Council, naked calor. He was standing Thes political sympathies how, to start. of mass destruction. 4.50 Inventor of the scheme is 44-

should personally re-examine the among the ice floes at the edge ranged from an ardent believer "The problem, however, would question of whether

(chip on the shoulder variety} We left Leningnd by the 1.00year-old Democratic Senator be different if Britain were effort, enough money and enough

enough of the River Nova.

do fellow travellers of the plea- overnight train to Moscow. But 9.00 Henry M. Jackson, of Washing primarily defended by a force of priority is being given to the

sant well-meaning- sort and even over matters like sleeping Imperturbable and splendiil, ton State, who speaks with some rubmarine based missiles. 1.50

development Of

Rustinor authority, He sits on the Armed

scu-based he gave me a look that Yule who wanted to like and compartments

believe, "These weapons would not be missile launching system.

contradict "thoqsed vog." 1.50 Services Committee and is "in dotting the British countryside---

Brymmer might fave caviat. .30 the know" about America's near London or Manchester or The President should con-

But most were Just plain In the country where, a low 30 secret weapons as chairman of Edinburgh. They would be de- sider seeking qaistance from a

Sailing nervously, I pointed curious. Although tension and neckline is simply not allowed --- the very special, very bush- ployed fur cut at sen-well Presidentially-appointed Com-

do my camer inquiringly, dempers occasionally rose and a I found myrell sharing a sleep- 30 hush Milliary Applications Sub- Beyond direct fall-out range of mission on Ballistic Seapower.

lot of extraordinary information ing compartment 2.00 committee of the Joint Atorale. Britain's population, ------ In pressing for what ho called alone that the pictuno, must dor instance, told me once that

Woving his ariza sterly do was borttred (one of the party, others. 12.00 Energy Committee,

́All' men, corvette, you could not buy a cotton

(2) London abgewm Berulce.

"A een bosod mille force "Save the pence" and "Save our In a Senate speech he said: should have enormous appeal for cities" submarine Brces, ho zaid "Britain is a comparatively tiny our allies, especially in Europe, "Hidden, widely deployed, over Her cities and it could provide a maximum on the move mlatie subenarinde not deterrent to Moscow with ro- would be enormously difficult to KOWLOON escape from a Soviet alswatdmlo: duced danger to home, terri loento and even more dificult to

attack directed against Balilah turies."""

destroy.

SOUTH CHINA MORNING POST. LTD.ountry...

population could

номакона

tochado

TOMORROW

tho

I TRY TO GATECRASH RED SQUARE

with

throa