1956-12-19 — Page 8

CHINA MAIL

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I

THE CHINA-MAIL, WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 19, 1956.

NEW LIGHT ON

COMMUNISM'S

WAR IN SPAIN Curtain Partially__Lifted

On

Guerilla Activities

By HENRY BUCKLEY

Madrid, Dec. 18.

The veil is only now being partly lifted from the guerilla which international communism waged in Spain from 1944 until 1952.

war

A new Spanish Aim. "Tor Cristino end nine others were ropartida", and recent book executed on February 21, 1946. entitled "La Lucha Contra

The French Government, as U

by the Spanish authorities.

from

this

Maquis en Espana" (The_Fight | protest against the execution of agulat the Maquis in Spain Cristino,

the closed

French by Senor Tomas Cosslas, give frontier with Spain and thereby the first pleture of this struggle isolated

nation entirely so for permitted to be revealed

Europe, except for Portu- gal, cutting all freight and

services, passenger

telephones, telegraph cables and so forth.

Hundreds of well trained guerilias, recruited from among Spanish exiles

and Russia filtered into Spain and with base camps in the high

Senor Cossins wrote: "The struggle of the Communists in Spain was a Korea in minia-

I was a replica of if not prepaid a booking to dramas of Greece, Mulnya and of 50 penta is charged.

Trafo-Chine."

FOR SALE

ARRIVED RECENTLY

Drapery Danish materiala, Duglish --pollary, KlamWKER, Dutch wickerware and Varsta attractiva grware. Duval,

d. 33 Garden Boid.

PREMISES TO LET IBLAND

vetenimda

MUDEUN APARTMENT at D4K Mac- Donell Road, large

with beauuful Ich View and pleasant Cursien witting joom,

dining room. large bediouma, 2 bath- rout, el Vacita' room and we, gas installatieg complete Passenger MIG For more particulare service 16. ring Mr P. 5. Chung of Cheung Lee Construction Co. Te 370077. From 1-6 pm.

NOTICE

VEHICULAR FERRY

SERVICE

The Vehicular Ferry Ser- vice will be extended up to 3.00 a.m. 011 the following

dates:

CHRISTMAS--- 24th, 25th and 26th December,

NEW YEAR'S EVE-

31st December.

THE HONGKONG & YAUMATI FERRY

COMPANY, LTD.

Hongkong, 15th Dec., 1950.

To ADVERTISERS

for

BUNDAY POST-HERALD Apace

commerciel advertising should be booked Got lator than noon on Wednesdays.

For the BOUTH CHINA MORNING POST and the CHINA MAIL, 48 hours before date of publication.

Special Announcemente and Clasolfed Advertigo- ments E ununi.

NEW TERRITORIES

FANLING UN LONG &

SHEUNG SHUI DISTRICTS. THE

CHINA MAIL

is obtainable

from the

SHEUNG SHUI STATION STALL

SHEUNG SHUI RAILWAY STATION..

Orders Accepted Deliveries Undertakan.

fc.

COST

MILLIONS

the

This author is cautious about the casualties but, referring to the Teruel-Valencia district alone, he Kives the

thinner

following for the eight-year- struggle: 30 civil guards dead or 400 guerillas dend, wounded;

captured:

140 Delvilions dead or wounded

أخرة

Into

in France

sierrns (mountains) of Spain,

established they

reign

籍

terror in many areas,

of

MOVED INTO TOWN

with convoy win

in

lonely

sight of

22/2

peasant

Mail Notices

The Lates Cines of posting shown below are those für un- registered correspondentes posted 16.P.0. Hongkong. The latexi poiling times elsewhere which, In general, are earlier than the G.P.O. tires can be ascertained by enquiry at the local offer,

The latest posting times for rezistered articles are generally one hour earlier than the times shown below. Particulars regard- ing parcel mails can be ascer

ained by enquiry at any post omen.

WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 1 By Air Hawaii, U.S.A., Canada, 8 pm.

By Aurface

Forno, 19.

Maco. 6 p.m.

THURSDAY, DECEMBER 20

By Air

Peking, Shanghai, Hankow, 7 a.m. Japan, D.

Thailand, Pakistan, Lebanon, Ger- meny, France and Groat Britain, B 2.30.

Philippines. 1 p.m.

U.S.A., p.. Korea, p.m.

By BurtaCO

China. People's Republic, 7 «.m. Rabaul, 10/4.m.

Many landowners moved into The towns to reside. Cars went

guards over rouds The

Pakistan. Middle Ear!, Africa, Great Britain, Europe, 6 pin. dangling

Thailand, Ceylon, Burma, India, 6 dead from J pise tree or a tele- graph post was not uncommon In Spain's remoter Areps. was the guerilla way of punish- ing those whom they consisterex

Traktors' to their CHAINE,

Look 750,000 The gueriling 75.0 pesetas (£ .000) when they raided a **puny tral" at the State Railways near Teruel in 1946. Seven rall workers. lost their lives when a mineral train was wrecked by sabotage, also near Teruel

Over the whole of Spain, the casualties must have run

me thousands.

Certainly the struggle The Spanish Government hun-

millions drvein of

pesetas (millions

sterling) ons of pounds fe along the Pyrenees frontier alone, six divisions were

kopt mobilised to hinder the passage of guerillas and their equip ment. And throughout Spain big police and military forces i were kept in constant action.

International communisın, Cand presumably Moscow valed the bill, must also have spent

At Secuellamos, near Alcazar similar

sums on organising and

San Juan, armed men raided out these carrying

operations over eight long years.

a wedding party and shot dead Spanish

local Falangist, Senor Pedro political

exiles Trillo, in front of the guests (mostly veteran fighters of the civil war had taken an active

past in the French resistance movement against the Germans. After the Allied landings In France of 1944, Spanish guerilla units virtually

dominated the

area of the Pyrences.

In September 1944, a column of some 2.000 well-equipped

Spanish guerilias struck across the Franco-Spanish frontier heading towards Pamplona. They were thrown back across the frontier Into France by Spanish army and police, after heavy fighting and big looses Another column invaded Spain in November of the same year through the Vall d'Aran, but after initial successes was also forced to retreat into France.

There were no more invasions of this kind but with the end

com-

In one 48-hour period In December 1946,

the following three actions

attributed guerillas were reported:

de

Magno. I p.m. Malaya,

(Netherland parcels direct), a pan.

Macho, 6 g,m

L

Germany

FRIDAY, DECEMBER 21 By Air Germany, .. ["ambodia,

Malayo.

Indonesia,

9

Formosa, Japan, Korea, Okinawa. 11.

Indo-China, France, noon. Philippines. Australia, New land, pan.

Zen-

to

Guam, Hawaii, U.B.A.. I p.m. Forstion, U BA.... § păm.

:

Thailand, India, Pakistan, Middle Fam. Africa, fireal

Britain

and

Europe, 8 pm.

Canada, 6 pm.

At Requena, near Valencia, armed men took 50,000 pesetas

(£500) from a tax office; and Bombs wrecked portions of

lo Bar-

near

The railway tracks Valencia, on the lines celona and to Madrid. An ex- press train from Madrid halted only just in time,

HAD BEEN WON

WAG

Others,

among hundreds of episodes, included the following: On Christmas Day. 1946, the clandestine organ of the maquis, EI Guerillero, reported the execution by guerilla unita of Father J. D. Manso, a Gallenn priest, because he had helped to execute people in 1938.

Another tlandestine Com- Mundo munist

shooling

Obrero, reported

in

re

of World War I in Europe, in dead in July, 1947, of another May 1945, international

intratio munism organised a large-scale priest, Father Fernandez Perez, of Kucrillos into of Santa Maria de Faboada, In Spatu Training schools in Galicia, for the same reason, political thought and in guerlila Six civil guards were shot activities were set up in France, dead in January 1947, Leading Spanish Communists prisal for the execution of two Isasa such Delores barruri ("Las guerilla leaders, Jose

Olaizola und Pastraria),

Antonio Jose Lister, Modesto, Uribe, came from their exile in Llerandi, in Madrid, Russia to Frunce to direct this

In a clash at Benbeger, near attempt to overthrow the Valencie, in March 1847, eight

civil guards were killed Franco regime in Spain.

BRILLIANT

Experienced Spanish exiles suchs Cristina Garcia Grande, who had led resistance forces

in France and who had killed a

and

fourteen, Injured. Twelve

guerillas were killed.

But by 1948, the "war" had been won by the Spanish authorities and the guerillas were in retreat, although sporadic fighting went on unti 1952.

General Francisco German general and had a re- Franco's radical social legisla ward of 1,000,000 francs (then tion probably helped more than £10,000) offered for his capture anything else to keep the by the Germans, filtered Into Spanish masees, from showing Spain at the head of groups support for the guerillas, for the with modern equipment includ number of local recruits they ing radio apparatus and opera-obtained was limited, while the bourgeoisie rolled more closely Another lender, known as than ever round General Franco "Ricardo", carried out briliant in the face af this well- operations with Russian guerillas organised attempt 'to overthrow behind the German lines during the regime. World War II.

ICTS.

Cristino Garcia Grande and

Another factor which told against the guerillas organised the 18 of his men were captured by by the Communists was the Spaniards at the end of 1945 strong anti-Communis! feeling and they were all sentenced to in some Republican and Social- death after being found guilty ist crotea within Spain, a feeling by a court marital of killing which had already divided the three Spanish civil

a Republic during the Civil War. Quards.

fellow Communist accused of

treason, and the owner of a

tavern. They were also accused

BLACK-OUT

of armed assault against the Some of these ant!-Franco State Raliway offices in Madrid circles felt that the activities of and on a bank.

the the guerlilas discredited Seven of the sentences were Republican cause. The Anarch commuted to. life terms but ists organised Some guerila

the Spanish groups, but authorities estimated that 90 per cent of the guerilla forces which operated from 1944 until 1982 were Communist,

NOTICE

OUR PRIVATE BRANCH EXCHANGE. NUMBER HAS BEEN CHANGED TO

29301

authorities have kept a news For many years, the Spanish black-out on this small but dramatic guerilla war which rackod Spain and is the least known of the Communist afforts of the postwar yURTA Only now who the facts of the, grim / struggles which ragód be- weet Government forces and Lybecome knowho---China: MRI).

MARKLIN ADVERTISING LIMITED for city wars Graduale

Japan, 0 pm.

Stratosphere Suits Tested

for

As part of the preparations the forthcoming UR stratolab high-altitude fight, pitols recently underwent a six-bour full pressure testing of the oxygen, moisture absorption and carbon dioxide systems. Picturs top shows a pilot preparing to enter the

picture strutolab:

bottom shown two pilota *** Trig stratosphere kit during special · prehur: tests-Express Photo,

MANDRAKE THE MAGICIAN

ALMOST AT THE BRIDGE- IF I CAN GET OUT--,

TEAR GAS-BUT ! CAN HEAR-HIM

RUNNING THAT

WAY--

FERDINAND

NANCY

I WISH IT WOULD

SNOW SOON-

I LOVE WINTER

THERE'S THE BRIDGE--AND HERE HE IS--

FLOUR

JOHNNY HAZARD

SNAFİ BOY, THIS IS NO THE POR RIDDLESE ARE YOU. I

I CAN'T WAIT TO PLAY IN THE

EHEAVING SAKE, JOHNNY-MERAS UMİL SAI SHGREAT,

SNOW AGAIN

RAF Ground Staff Leaving Port Said

Nicosia, Dec. 18.

The main ground staff of the Royal Air Force personnel ut Gami airfield In Port Sald this evening boarded a British troop. ship due to sail for Britain, an Allied communique announced,

About 100 RAF personnel the evacuation. were involved

A skeleten staff was reported to be staying behind with mem- bers of the RAF Regiment, France-Press.

AT LAST THE BRIDGE!

Dulles Assurance

To Moscow

Radio Hongkong

·B#0; "Worrides: Only," "A. Weekly maquina, introduoed by 'BİSNITTBI); ^^ Miss Jary gold, vuzere films for children with ot Kesting Woman of the Week" Doris Lee, American T. Verand Radio oriste. Poem for Christmas by Antonia” Nidge, road by Urmila Bulmer, Time Bigool, Lucky Dip tener Requests presented by Margherita: das, Carol Concert The 20 Government. House by Choir of B1 John's Cathedral (ONE) 050, Weather Report: 7. Time

(Continued from Page 1) He said nothing had happen ed which would justify ro duction in the West's strength.

Apart from the hope that it Shenal, The Nows 7.00 Commen would alleviate the danger off of $109 Press Iten; 7.18 *Time for Jazz,” with Robin Day: wor, Mr Dulles was under 2.46, Letter from Amerion by Alle stood to have reassured the tie Cooke: 8. Test Heath and h

Music (BDCTB); 6.30, "Hare come Soviet Union on East Europe to- | the Ciris;" __0, Thng Blend, The day in the hope that this would | News and Home News from Bel- assist the process of indepen-tan: 9.15, Wednesday Theatre; The Pistol Shot, a play for radio by Ton denice now under way.

Manchip White based on the Story by Alexander Puhk Produced - by day Crook for the Chilem you 10, Wegno King and his Orchestra: 10.30, Musk of th Twentieth Century, Le Tombeau de Couperin (Raveli. Walter Gleesking (Piano): 10.69, Weather Report! 11. Timo Signal. Radio Naws Reel; 11.15, Goodnight Music; 11.30, Clos Down.

Informed sources anjá that Mr Dulles and his advisers in the State Department believed that the evolution of independent states in East Europe would be accelerated if the Soviet Union were given room to make com- promises.

Otherwise, if too hard-pressed,

Was

fear the Boviet lenders would lash out with military suppression on the in- dependence movements which could have serious repercussions.

Our Policy Clear

The following pertinent re- marks of Mr Dulles later were authorised for direct quotation by the State Department:

The United States has no purpose at all to turn these satolilte countries into our allies, in the

sense that we have no Soviet desire to surround the Union with a band of hostile Blaics.

"We have

matie clear policy in that respect in the hope of fecittating in that way an evolution-a penceful evolution of the satellite states toward cenube independence.

our

"We would have liked to have seen the

evolution in a more complete and orderly way, and 10 we are entirely prepared make it as clear as can be that the United States has no desire to capitalise upon this situation as part of any programme of a hostile character against the

Soviet Union,"

Trouble Denied

The

London. Dec, 18,

Communist Bulgarian

|

REDIFFUSION

1 p.m.

Wednesday

Varioty Calle the Tune; Concert (Featuring the Works of Bomini) William Tell-Overture" William Tell -- Bellel Mai". "Rosskatama": 4. Romances of the World-Mary Ann Clark: 4.10, Music for Chuistions: 4.30, Sirletly Instrumental; 5, Child- ren's Comer-Presented by Auntie Parola: 030, Wednesday Requests... Presented by Beuty; 828, Birthday Malbag: 0.30, Another 7-Up Show: 0.45, The House of Peter McGoverni 1. Time Bistal and the News: 7.02. Weather Report and Announce- Show and his meris: 7.10, Artle Orchestra

7.30, Cuke Time: 149. A Story for Christmas-"The Thieves Who Couldn't Help Sneezing; 5, Pernality Parody-Pearl Balley: 8.10, Interlude for Musie-With Roy Ellington

"Quartet: 830, and hin Diamond Music Show; 9, Time Bignal, News and Home News from Brital; D.16, Brylcreem'a Pot O Gold: 9.46, The Man of Property —A Novel by John Galsworthy, adapted for broadcasting by Muriel Levy: 10.15, International Christmas: 10.45, One Night Stand; 11, Carula for Christmas: 11,18, Jerry's Jumble and Junk-Presented by Jerry Lewis: bt 30. Prelude to Midnight; 13 Midd night, "God Save the Queen." Globe Down

Yemen Town

Raided

Adon, Dec. 10. Unknown tribesmen today ni- Party newspaper, Rabotnichesko tacked the Yemenite border Dela, today denied Greek and town of Beidha, alleged to be

Aden | Turkish press

thai main supply reports

centre for Soviet tanks had been called Protectorate rebels. out to

demonstra- The attackers blew up with put down

the houses ilons, the Bulgarian Telegraph unpowder two of

of the Shelk of the town, Salem agency reported.

The newspaper said no dis-Hussnin Arramah, and demtroyed In his turbances whatsoever had taken the irrigation system

garden.-France-Presse. place in Bulgaria.-Reuter,

By Lee Falks and Phil Davis

ANOTHER STEP-- AND ILL HAVE

HIM--

THERE GOES THE PHONE

FRING

FLEE,MASTERIZAZI RAVE CHANGED MY MY- NOW ANOTHER KHONS PLANS TARKETHIS FAMON YOUR DENTIEF AVAND AND PYTHIAS FRIENDSHIP, OTHERS COMBINE IS MOST TOUCHING ANDİ

MAY SHEJH OUR PURPOS

FAYS 'Ginger.

There's More Than Magic FRYS

By MIK

By Ernie Bushmiller

CRYSTALISED GINGER

COVERED IN

FRY'S CHOCOLATE

Couldn't be fresher!

try Libby's

M

FROZEN PEAS TODAY

SNAP!

BUSHMAL

By Frank Robbins

WHEN THE OTHERS BET HERE YOU? WILL BOTH TAKE YOUR GUE FROM.

| ANY TRICKERY WILL FIND SHADY

– FROM MY BUN TARK AND M

ROWNTREES

SMARTIES

SMARTIES

San Miguel