1954-03-10 — Page 4

THE CHINA? MAIL," WEDNESDAY, MARCH 10, 1954.

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World Copyright dy arrangement with the Afanchester Guardian

A SLAVE ON HIS

T

OWN

in this Was con-

LAND

HE collective farm

discussed article sidered, in the yeurs ++++++++▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬|||||||||||||| 1942/6, to be

of the kolkhozes in the

By Anna Smirnova

LANDLORD & TENANT (AMDT.) | largest

ORDINANCE, 1953.

SCHEDULE A

FORMS 1 & 2

Complete with Chinese translation

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Anna Smirnova is the nom-de-plume of the writer of this article, an ex-Soviet citizen who lived on the outskirts of Lenin- grad. She worked in Leningrad itself where she held an executive position in the office of government department,

district. Situated in the Kirov area, some 300 miles East-North-East of Moscow, During World War II she was evacuated from Leningrad and it is completely isolated and obtained a position with the management of a collective farm in After the war she worked as a civilist) for the Kiruv district. without rall or water com- the Sovlet Occupation Forces In Austria. She has been living munications. It is a back- in the West since the end of 1949. ward area and completely without forests, as a result

There

were

ex-

an

number

alotted

to

the

horse.

Octa exchanging it for bread on the way. Bread is very scarce and be done about it. nothing can

backward kolkhozes where even the human beings have nothing to eat, the horses starve,

In

the

Harness in the stables is n and a disgusting condition consists mostly of string. Even the position of the farmer him- better than self is not much

horses described that of the here. The contrast between the |||||||||||| well-being of the administrative staff and the ordinary run of collective farmers is enormous—

of the artel,

Back-breaking

of which firewood has to be one kolkhoz to another since (1) A licence of this kind is given in fact, monstrous. The elite bought, at considerable

the inflation of norms leads to for no longer than three or four such as the farm president and

increase in the

a time, including the accountant, the brigadiers, stable per days at pense to the peasants.

managers and storemen, live in The kolkhoz consisted of labour days but a lowering in time necessary to get there and

the value of the work done, back. The farm president limits conditions which bear no com- Three villages, amalgamated and (1) increased norms are a the issue of these passes into one farming enterprise. disadvantage to the administra- much as possible so as to avoid prison with the other members

Jocal who are unpleasantness with the about 125 turs of the kolkhoz,

since In large towns paid not acording to the amount militia, households, and the popula- f work done, but on the basis searches are

often conducted Lion was about 700. The of a fixed number of labour days from flat to flat in order to find And so it is that the lot of a

The norms of work peasants without documents.

brigadier

receives property owned

month.

lald down at general Every peasant household has labour days a year, cannot be to 330 hectares, of which are

of kolchoz members.

with that of 120 were under cultivation, meating

kitchen Barden

of 25 to 40 collective farmer whose average 205 were growing hay, and Payment for the administration the back of the house a small compared

is: president, 55 labour days per hectares. Here they grow

maximum of д earnings are five were completely un- month; accountant, 45; brigadiers, potatoes, cucumbers and cab- 180/200, since a great deal of usable. In the "deed of gift" 45 each; managers of stables, 35, bage; but if this small rrea is back-breaking

effort must be sown with wheat or other (a large thin book in blue and storemen, 30.

cercals, the grain is mibject to expended to achieve this total. binding embossed calico

Seventy an additional tax. It is quite ecm collective Impoverishment with a hammer and sickle)

amounted

per

TIMOS

to

Q

who

NATHANIEL GUBBINS

T

HE Sen Nost, where solved the leading -states-

your Uncle Nat and men met each other naked. his

The Awful Child: Do they Life Partner,

mean the ones in Berlin? The Plucky Little Woman, live, stands only a few yards from the cruel

ACA.

I supposa so.

Quite naked?

That's what they say.

Not even their winter coms

on?

No.

As it faces due East, on the coast of Kent there is Aren't they lucky they're the conference here?

nothing much but sea and not having flat country between The Yes.

Nest and Russin. For A Would they have their lunch whole week the wild East naked in the hotel or undress

wind from the frozen steppes has been blowing

in conference rooni?

I imagine they would 237-

the first to

dress in the conference room.

Who would be

I suppose it

are unin- would bo

against its battered face.

Therefore It is not surpris- undress? ing that Uncle Nutya and The As the French Plucky Little Tovarich, both hibited I Admirers of the 19th-century M. Bidault. Russian drama, have been feel- Who next!? ing rather Russlan ns they M. Molotov might make B huddled over their stove.

Even their dialogue has caught the spirit of envy and frustration so often found in Russian plays.

It is very cold.

Yes, it is very cold.

I think in a colder than yes- terday

They say

tomorrow.

bo I will

colder

Regluro as far as his çorus.

And, walt for the others be- fore he took everything off?

The Russians are clever at playing the last card.

Who would have the best coms without holes in them?

Mr Eden has the reputation of being well dressed.

Perhaps he's only well dress- ed on top?

I

I wouldn't like to any.

Do you want to go to Mos- cow, like the girl in The Three Sisters, Plucky Little naked?

Tovorich?

No, Uncle Natya. I want to

go to Nassau2. It in warm Nassau.

in

rend somewhere that Lord Benverbrack is sunbathing ot Nassau.

Only the very rich can afford

Who would look the best

My fancy would be Mr Eden er Mr Dulles,

Have the others got big

tummies?

Fairly big.

And hairy chests?

: don't know.

do the Indians think

Way

would

to spend the winter in Namau. they

naked?

gol on better

Or the very beautiful, They would not look very Where is nakedness

beautiful here where most noses are red and many are blue.

Nobody looks beautiful with a blue nose.

no pride, unless

bathing beauties.

Would they be

their tummies? I expect so.

Before the revolution the rich landlords of Russia went to the warm Crimea for the winter.

Yes,

and returning to their again? estates In the spring.

vigour, to see if health are!

full

of

there la

you count

ashamed of

And ngre quickly. $0 that they

could put on their clothes

Quito likely.

Perhaps you could get more

their serts were behaving money from the bank if you

and themselves.

returns naked?

to

the bank manager

were

Beaverbrook usually

England when the first Possibly. euckoo calls.

a better joint from the The serts used to say there butcher If you and the butcher

two things that made the were naked?

silly the

and

unbearable-the spring voice of the cuckoo harsh barking of the landlord.

But the serfs were often fond of their landlords, even though the landlords beat them.

It is 1 curious thing that! serts are often fond of those that beat them. Perhaps a psy- chiatrist could explain It.

Maybe.

Or perhaps the income tox man would let you of paying taxes if you

rushed into his office naked?

The possibilities are cod-

les#

Letter from A Lion

I think an economist could explain it better. A cultured captain of industry once said Dear Sir. that if

you paid a man enough you could spit in his eye

moncy

I could go to Nassou any

could

day,

540

body

the

percent

of the farmers only have mon to Bee four or five women

to last until and enough grain plough

Christmas; after that they must to plough use bran, pigweed, and for them- users collected by the children cannot be during the summer and, 03 0

kolkhez, eat delicacy, the

potators matter better-off peasants,

Instead ct with bran,

mix

the usually

from

it was stated: "This land is The Anal distribution of the harnessed given to the members of the harvest takes place in October taking it, in turns

and until then their kitchen gardens artel and of the collective and November, farm completely, gratuitous. advances are made to the collec- selves, since horses ly and in perpetuity." The ve farmers when necessary. If obtained

extremely im- and this is a seasonal the kolkhoz is members of the artel paid poverished, the town authorities which admits no delay, for this fine-sounding sen- send the farm a ratlon drawn

Low Prices tence with their blood and fron sweat.

members who, as a rule,

Are

the

reserve

fund

This is better-off kolkhozes. nut done out of philanthropy

In

the middle of

twice a day.

of your

S one

hospitality space to endorse

A readers may

constant the I crave

valuable

of your

the observa-

spit in my eye tions of Dorothy Evelyn Smith, who wrote to an editor pro- we shall testing against the kissing of cuckoo, performing llons by their train-

ers on television broadcasts?

Never mind. 100% bear the cuckoo call, cuckoo, suckoo,

Soon after we shall hear the Beaver call, Why don't we have we do this? Why don't we do Empire Free Trade? Why don't that? For why, for why, for why?

It is very cold. It is getting colder.

.

It will be colder tomorrow.

The Dear

Mum

four 60 percent of raw potato rocks said in

T. - GENERAL Sir Braun

op-

a lecture ped. It is not dimcult to

what bread made in that the young soldier of today, imagine

called up from the towns and summer, this manner tastes like.

mitable for Soviet collective farms

are but because the executive com- Zagotzerno, the grain collecting During my three years on this suburbs, is less managed by a committee of live mittee is interested in getting organisation, Issues

his prede the farm I had to

abundant

war training than

cessory because of malign in in the harvest and reporting kolkhoz

of statement

tax, portunity to observe what was

fluenes of Mum. completely under the thumb of favourably to the oblast Party according to the area of land going on, as I lived under the

calls" - nie When the sergeant the chairman

the farm. committee. of

under cultivation and the range same roof as a peasant family.

dumb and presidents Managements

The

The for Im-

kolkhoz. It was chief

of creps according to re- are elected,

to household In a well-off poverishment are the Machine management has no right

darling Mum, labour day gulations, by members of the

and Tractor Stations (MTS). If make

payments but if

you take a

I write, artel for a period of one year, the kolkhoz has no horses, and State, with the MTS (including debt to the Government, where,

"Dear Mum," hefore it has settled with the folkhoz which is never in dis- 50% of them is extreme

"The vulgar sergeant called me have none. collective farmers % DI

dumb. farm is

tractors fites serviced by koikhoz has its

but

If there content, the

elect may earlier.

new a

president (no

tractors).

Turned Down

This

reason

Rown.

fund, and

fairly well-1 write a little note to Mum-

out of

in the autumn, the grain has to

for late

and in payment), scod own provided a is extremely om

omergency

fund,

This, of

state of affairs

bill to the and reapers. the MTS present a kolkhoz office in accordance with is the normal

costly since after the ploughing advance payments to play the misery of such

the to

Bold.

The State paid ridiculously low

1

dumb

Although I do not know if

male or female I think I am the trainers in question wer expressing the opinion of all British lions when I say that we strongly object to heing Icissed in public by either sux. It is bad enough when we are made to look foolish in front of small circus

but audiences, when we realise that our shome is being witnessed by at least 10,000,000 people our humilla tion is even greater...

Of course, I'm not speaking for Ilons brought up in France, where it is the custom for men to kiss each other, and where the women are usually belter looking and use much better perfume. If a

is kissed by д

no villier

French lion mars he looks

then 0 French general bring kissed by another "My French general If he is kissed

by a pretty French-woman French audience regards

him

us fortunate. It does not look upon Him as The King of Beasta turned into

clown something

never called mo

of

·

--

an be swept from the granary floor "Not merely dumb but some-

thing to fulni obligations to the State,

something, a kolkhoz | "Olt boggars description.

awful dumb.

Apart from the embarrass- "Dear Mum, you always were No Rights

ment of shy British, lions being In order to do this, however, the number of hectares ploughed. when the kolkhoz finances are

my chum

kissed in publič thero le also have to be This must

No cows, be paid, within 10 on a sound basis, but in 75 per- representations

no bread, no fre- "And never, made to the regional committee

"I'll never be a soldier, Mum, the question of hygiene. The which, if payment cent of them the position is ex- wood, not to speak of warm

English people illy days, after

majority and the authorities are usually

dumb. and during the underclothes or a warm over- a fine is imposed tremely bad not made,

or from persistent colds "I hate the sound of fife and unwilling to

one read in the Bet followed extremely

chronie catarrh. As llong gro- Almost always they turn down is still another if the first winter even the seed fund is coat, and yet

not paid.

drum. papers:

exceptionally healthy and havo stich requests 80 as not to. I have known of kolkhozes

therefore not bulit up any re- "We inform you, dear Joseph "The Army food upsets decrease the prestige and power

that the

sistance to disenso.. their dem of the farm presidents in the which after the harvest, were prices for the grain delivered Vissarionovich,

and sovkhozes of "I know my Ddd thinks I'm a fences against infection aro eyes of the ordinary labouring simply unable to pay the MTS to it: for example, for 1 tsentner kolkhozes

and the State, or even to start (100 kilogrammes) of grat, 2 such-and-such an oblast have

bums formers.

a seed fund, let alone distribute roubles 20 kopecies, while in the fulfilled the government plan of "He liked the sound of fife and pitifully weak. The second privileged person

towns only collective

legm. of bread grain deliveries by 100.3 percent

dnim

Therefore, when the public anything on the collective form is the farmers. The peasants used to cost 3 roubles at the time of before the allotted time. The "And if the food upset his tum, reads about lions savaging their

am speaking. accountant. In war time these go around neighbouring villages which

delivery of duties

carried were

by out

reason, I hope it will be IC dumb doing odd jobs: weaving flux or women, and for this work city doing blocksmith's and

payment for other crops Every "household had to "Or something simply shocking, membered that women, such as evacuated book penter's work.

cats, hay,

flax, surrender compulsory deliveries dumb

(1) Lions do not ke being... bank workers,

the same potatoes and other products. To in

manner as the "Or cursed his soul in Kingdom trained

this particular cover outgoings, the kolkhoz kolkhoz.” . “On

Come

the Lions are English they (2) If maringement is obliged to sell farm these amounted to: milk "He never whimpered to his

are terrified of being klased. cows, sheep and milks.

120 litres (according to the fat Mum

(3) If the trainers are English farm to a great degree depends, escape from the kolkhoz. The

It is absolutely Impossible to The condition of livestock and content of the milk), eggs 15, "But took it on the chin, by the llons aro`also terrified.

much to bo: meat-60

69 kilogrammes

of calching their cólda, (4) If the trainer is an English- gre dis- „300 kilogrammes, driód the managing body whenever he reason for this is that he has no shatitig and unsaltery, parti-10 kilogrammes, and on

woman the ilona," are not of medium

Bizo wishes, including any committed passport, no prosport of obtain cularly for horses. During my of

terified of being med and catching *cold TE was one of the

the sufflelent eggs there was no 盘 district) I do not reduction in the azz quola, and by member any time when in one the peasants had to deliver wool

keepers, were

Ол

of the accountant the well-being of the collective

No

Escape

was just as bad as re- ment continue to the Govern- 1"Or if the sergeant called him trainors, apparently

The

car gared:

since he holds all the cards, so pensant is completely tied down horses leaves to speak; he can contact any of

Conditions to the land. The fundamental desired.

One

polt

of inspection, and at the same jng accommodation, and, canno, fund stay in this kolko Byon. If the hêng ‘dinot lay

time, by the nature of his Job register anywhere.

land

auth

n, deer Mum, my "But, Mum, «

darling chum, "I'm not

a bit like Dad, dear. Mum

bum, "only want to be a

with your good grub Inside

my tum. yum, yum, yum,"

unbearable.

without

he acts as a deterrent

slave tied to his own would-be embezzlers.

There is

brigadier to moans One

Its cach village, and each withit.

bindeed of gift" proscaled to him not so exhausted that they had this case, the collective farmer the limits of his village is If the collective farmer has to to be kept up by ropes tied to had to buy ege and wool at the entiraling their Bundey mark and atten ho

which the GOV/Tour the stables the horses, were aướn. If they had no sheep.":"In . «Yum," vum, · deer: Mum, YUM, ‹ Was oled’kissed fuaintance:

sway for mit bodies.

but also and their cheap A lion of my

heavily scented woman trainer withƐa a cold, who had been eating

children three Atud

czar and God" to the collectivo go to a neighbouring town, say, the collingwort de had to exchange the tart of hi Coms on the Fahlo allo She left a husband-and-› come the stable managers, who soup or kerosene (li his own. This sort ré thing is common grain: for this purpose ..................................................................Ropinguid wife and family

farmer. Next in the social scale 50 kilómetros look after the livestock,

and the vilago track and bayment are laid down a separately for the farm prekidane? Mindy the Gach" "farzzi" but" wary little feded courtant writes, hiin: outƐa” pass

51: P:0;B-12 Hungary~ma, honestl

Savers Pantall in the life of the Auch dere a commodities in winter when Kos Kolkhoz is

HERE a group of Indidhwan

holy men called the Napa, V. I rennir, akry yours falt sciatad" partsỹal" thé, đi Thaplar In he-story; of

the town low. Often his miserable existence, his beed Badhus, soho believe that the

Kworld's Wypróuteman might