1953-05-01 — Page 1

CORRECT. on.. all occasions

VULCAIN

SWISS MADE

COMMENT OF

THE DAY

Chinese Law & Customs

NO far as Chinese residents

of Hongkong are Con- corned the report of the Committee on Chinese Law and Custom, is both stimulating and highly controversial document. The

A

Committee ли accomplishesi II quite remarkable job of work- painstaking and scrupul- ously objective. As Sir Man Kam Lo in his memorandum on the Report observes, "the subject of the Committee's Report is both complex and difficult: It required penetrative mind and a high faculty of analysis on the part of the members to dis-

11

charge their onerous task- und both qualities are evident in the Report." It is unlikely, however, that all the conclusions reached and the recommendations- submitted by the Committee will invet with general approval; yet none can be

faulted on the ground stap dash examination of the many and almost bewilder- ing factors and, considera- tions which are associated with the question of Chinese law and custom.

CHINA

No. 35498

Established 1845

FRIDAY, MAY 1, 1953,

Eisenhower Slashes Spending By $82

DEFENCE

AND FOREIGN

AID AFFECTED

Washington, Apr. 30.

President Eisenhower today announced a cut of $8,500,000,000 in his budget expenditure for 1953/54, most of it in defence and foreign aid pro-

grammes.

But the effective military, strength of the United States or her Allies during the year would not be reduced, he told his weekly press confer

ence.

The United States administration was trying to create a situation of maximum military strength within economic capacities. Mr Eisenhower de- clined to say how much would be cut from foreign aid.

If the economic factor was disregarded, the military position would be in constant jeopardy.

President Eisenhower today said that he did not see how it would be possible to balance the United States budget by the end of fiscal 1954 (June 30, 1954).

did

THE Committee's task was clearly complicated by the knowledge that it hud to consider not only the ancient laws and customs of China,

Mr Eisenhower sold that he strongth within economis capa- but where and to what ex- not think it would beulties.

Ar Elenhower said "the pro- possible for Congress to cut the tent they have

been reduced budget, which he would gromme sve are presenting is a modified, in the first place horily be rending to them for long-term programme calling for by the Nationalist Govern- 1053/54, without chunging the ment, and subsequently polley of his administration and by the People's Govern causing great embarrassment to ment. And in the back-

it.

a steady and adequate flow, of men and materials to present a portion of genuine strength to any would-be aggressor. President Eisenhower said: The basic elements of our ground remain the con-This policy of ours therefore strategic problem have not tradictions and anomalies will not be tied to any mugle materially changed in

recent between British and Chinese critical year which then has toycara. The area and peoples IPWR in

to be stretched out because of vital to our notion's welfare are respect Monogamy and inheritance. economic or production prob- the same as they have been for a That the

lems but will be based on the long time. Committee

sounder theory that a very real experienced sume difficulty changer not only exists this year in deciding the method of

to exist for has been forced upon us and but may continue approach to the complicated

to

upon our Allies. We don't like years problem is evident," but in The President said that "if the ; in fact, we hate IL But so general it decided

24 tologic disciplines" in the con-long such an unmistakable,

mlitary affairs and self-confirmed threat "examine wach Institution | Curt of with which it considers it- ezoncinis affairs could be wedded, treedem exists, we will carry it was then porrible to create a those, burdens with dedication situation of maximun military and determination."-Reuter.

solf concerned and come to what it hopes is a sutis- fuctory solution for Hong- kung:

feeling without impelled to reject a solution merely because it results "in" compromise and blending of the ideas and laws con- tained in different systems of law." Ibis suggested that the effect of this is to abolish or modify the old low

operating by now legislation in order to bring It up to date and so meet

"needs" the

of the community.

come."

"Srourity based upon heavy amaments is a way of life that

to

our

Reorganisation Of Defence Dept

.

Washington, Apr. 30.

President Eisenhower today sent to Congress

a Defence Department reorganisation plan which would increase the authority of the civilian heads of the armed forces and limit somewhat the power of the Joint Chiefs of Staff.

"I believe our defence establishment is in need of immediate improvement," the President said in a special message to Congress.

stallations.

Under the

Today's Weather: Fresh E winds. Overensi ai first improv- ing with fair intervals during the afternoɗn.

MAIL

Price 20 Cents

Budget

$82 Billion

Assumes New Appointment Bundock

A new picture of Lt-General Sir Robert Mansergh, KRE, CB, who from 1949 to 1921 commanded British forces in Hongkong, and who has recently succeeded Admiral Sir Patrick Brind as Commander-in-Chief, Allied Forces in Northern Europe.

Akihito Cancels Newcastle Visit

Newcastle, Apr. 30.

Crown Prince Akihito of Japan will now not visit this North England industrial city owing to a "change of plans."

A deputation from the Newcastle and District Far Eastern Prisoners of War Association was told this to- night.

The deputation was told by the Lord Mayor of Newcastle, Alderman Mrs Violet Grantham, that "the linerary of Crown Prince Akihito does not include a visit to Newcastle.”

At

Wins His Freedom

Briton Permitted To Leave Russia

Moscow, Apr. 30. George Bundock, a 30- year-old Englishman who has been virtually a

Jouer in

Em-

the British bassy here for five years, will be allowed

Russia.

to leave

The

making Embassy is

Icave frrangements for him to

for possible manent,

England at the earliest

Mr Andre Gromyko, the Soviet First Deputy Foreign Minister, summoned the British Ambassa dor, Sir Alvary Gascoigne, to the Foreign Minisky tonight to tell him that the amnesty announced on March 28 for all persons sen- tenced to terms of Imprisonment up to Ave years also applied to Bundock.

Bundock, a British Embassy was storekeeper from London, sentenced to 18 months imprison-

ment in his absence by a Moscow court in 1948 for an alleged offence against a Russian girl."

He denied the charge but the British Embassy would not ollow him to stand trai. believing that the result would be a mere formality.

DEFIED LAW DEFI

Bundock

has defled Soviet low for five years by staying inside the British Embassy, which has extra-territóriai rights,

The Embassy had refused an

official Soviet request to zur render Bundock and to pay 6,200 roubles (about 2300) at the then

official exchange rate) which the court ordered should be given to the girl as com~ pensation.

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Chime Of Bells For The Cathedral

It was announced this morning that the Directors. .of *fic Hongkong дий Shanghal Banking . Cor- poration have decided to give a chime of eight bells to St John's Cathedral to commemorate the Corona- tion of lier Majesty Queen Elizabeth. IL

yet known

It **_not

the bells will be whether the rung by hand or mechani-

cally operated.

Messrs Leigh and Orange, the archlieets, are to murvey the Cathedral belfry and will submit a report to the bell founders In England.

It will not be possible to have the bells installed be- fore the Coronation which is on June 2.

Proposal Not Wholly

Rejected

Tel. 21433.

McCarthy

"At

It" Again

More Complaints About HK

From Henry Lowrie Washington, Apr. 30. Senator McCarthy was still after Britain today for "trading with the enemy."

This time he brought in the Royal Navy which, he said, was giving protection to ships at least partly own- ed by Chinese Communists,

He complained of ships flying the British flag plying coastal trade between Hongkong and the Chinese mainland portą.

Wido-scale violation, he said, was taking place of the British order forbidding ships to carry strategic goods to the Chinese mainland or North Korea.

Then he protested about the rise in Brilish trade with China. The figures, he said, showed a "fantastic spurt."

Washington, Apr. 30, The American State De- partment said today that the United Nations Com Included in the trade was a mand had not rejected the shipment of noxium compounds. possibility that an Asian He said he wants the United nation could be the neutral to determine if these

States Department of Commerce

can be

custodian of Korean war used to produce explosives. Ho prisoners unwilling to ac-also wants to know why come cept immediate repatriation.ing at ports where they come ships have orders avold call- The Department's spokesman, under United States inspection. Mr Michael McDermott, issued He would

not give detalls of part of a statement made today

caso that his

Chinese Corn- chier United Nations munists had Invested in Brillsh the by delegate, Major-General William nag ships but said the British K. Harrison, to the Communist Government in a recent parlin- armistice negotiators at Pan-mentary

clear statement made munjom.

ita willingness to use naval He said the Department be power to protect ships flying Heved General Harrison's exact the British flag if Chinese words to the Communists were Nationalist forces attempted to Important because they showed molest them. thất “until they name, their country, we must stick to our

nominee, Switzerland

WILAT HE SAID Mr. McDermott said General Harrison had stated:

"Just.. why named your neutral state is unknown to us,

We

not

you have nominee for the

but unless there is some ulterior motive behind your hesitation for see no good reason blocking progress of the nego tiations by further delay. original proposal. a month ago "Certainly in making your

for all prisoners serving up to why not tell us? Crown

Ex-

McCarthy promised to plain more fully when his in- vestigating committee meets on. Monday-London Express Ser-

vice.

EMBASSY STATEMENT

Washington, Apr. 30. In connection with

4 state- ment by Senator Joseph McCarthy today on British flag vessels and China trade, a Bri- Ush Embassy spokesman issued the following statement:

The Embassy is arranging for Bundock to leave at the earliest At Cragside, he

possible moment. will stay in

1. The British are not per the 50-roomed mansion which

He is the second Briton par-you must have given the matter

some

consideration. will be fully-occupied-by-guesta

mitted by British law to carry the general em- doned under

ou might even have con- strategic materials to Com- for the first time in 40 years.

nesty announced on March 20sulted your nominee beforehand. munist China from any source In honour of the

Certainly whatsoever. In addition, ships Ave years. Prince, there will beva banquet The other man was the sea-

until we know the name of your of all nationalities carrying and a garden party there.

nomince, we have no reason for strategic goods for China are man George Robinson who was He will have about 17,000 released from a

even Soviet gool

other not allowed to bunker in Drush considering any than the country we have parts. named, that Switzerland, state whose neutrality is pro- 2. On the other hand Britain, ike any other nation, would use verbial."

"It has been our Impression all the power at its disposal to that the essential characteristic protect any of its merchant of the country to take care of vessels going about their lawful the prisoners is its neutrality. missions. This Includes ship- "That being so, wo fall to see ping engaged in the lawful what its being

trado geographically j carriage of non-strategic (Contd. on back page, col. 2) with China-United Press.

in London on Tuesday for the New German

VISITA. THE TIMES

the

Air Force

(From Denis Martin)

Bonn, Apr. 80. Germany's new air force

is to be of 1,850 planes and London, Apr. 30. Crown Prince

is to share all wartime radar Akihito of Japan visited the London head and technical secrets of the offices and printing press of the RAF, influential Times here today.

Hans

The Ausociation has been pro- testing against the projected civle welcome that Newcastle acres of Armstrong estates with after serving six months of a was, to give the 19-year-old more

than seven miles of ene

year term imposed on Crown Prince on May 12.

private ronds to explore.

charges of "hooliganism." The first Lord Armstrong who Both nets of elemency aro Protests against the visit had died in 1900 built ships for interpreted as gestures of good- been received by the Lord Japan and tho

will towards Britain-Reuter. family con- Mayor from trade unionnections were understood to branches and the elty's Labour have resulted in th

Crown Prince being invited to Cragside. WHETHER or not Chinese

party.. residents in Hongkong

Crown Prince Akihito arrived The City Council last week, are prepared to accept this

by a small majority, approved Coronation of Queen Elizabeth the reception of as the "correct" approach is

the Crown on June 2. a matter of some importance.

Prince "for a cup of lea" with

The Japanese Embassy in But the pro-London tonight confirmed It is interesting to note that

the Lord Mayor. testa continued. Sir Man Kam Lp takes the

cancellation of the visit to New- negative view, His argu-

The Crown Prince however castle. But officials declined to The plan calls ment is that the rights of

among other The President announced that will visit Cragside,

a private comment.-Reuter. things for appointment of six | to Increase civilian authority Mr residence the domiciled Chinese are

near here of Lord additional Assistant Secretaries Charles Wilson, the Defence Armstrong from May 8 to May guaranteed by the Colony's of Defence and for the abolition Secretary, was revising an 17. "charter" and that the of the Munitions Board, the arrangement dating back to 1948 rights of domiciled Chinese Research and Development under which the Joint Chiefs of He was originally scheduled ahould not be taken away Board, the Defence Supply Stuff picked onc of their to visit the Vickers Armstrong from them by legislation. Management Agency and the memberg as executive agent for Engineering Works

New castle on May 12.

This is the behind-the-scenes He believes that the rights Office of the Director of In-cach unified command.

The Prince was received by nows lonight

frum Bonn's of even

new arrangement a small minarity

DECIDED ON CHANGE

Colonel J. J. Astor, Chairman shadow" Ministry of Defence a military department-the

of the Times, and Sir William and is linked with next week's should be preserved, and he Mr Eisenhower told Congress Army, Navy or Air Force

Lody Armstrong contends that if any Hong- that the office of the Secretary would serve as executive agent that the Crown Prince's visit to

said today Haley, the newspaper's editor. visit to Britain of Kommel's

The Prince saw an kong law is out of date, of Defence staff alone would be

early Chlef of Staff, General for the unified command.

Nowcastle had been cancelled. edition of one of the world's Speidel :.such PS the Divorce cut by about 500,

"Under this new arrangement,”

Asked

who was responsible most famous newspapers being Five Luftwaffe neet from the Ordinance, it should be One major effect of the re- the President said, "the channel for the change of plans, she re- "put to bed" (printed).

inst war are planning, squadrona brought up to date; that if organisation would be to concen- of responsibility and authority to plied "Various people who have He had

Sir to fly beside British pilots in the any of the old inw is so trate responsibilities under in- a commander of a unified com- organised

tour. The William Haley,

former Director- European air force, Assistant Secretaries mand will uremistakably be freen Japanese, Lord Hankey, advisers General of the Brilch Broad- dividual Assis "out-moded" that the con- CON

These plans, I con disclose Cheapps of opinion of those instead of Boards, which now the President to the Secretary of to the Embassy on the tour, and casting Corporation, at a lun-

Dafence to the designated elvillon the people who have organised choon given by Sir Winston ready made have the full agree

are far advanced. Moves affected

direct many operationa

The President sald the secretary of the military depart the tour bavo decided on a Churchill, the Prime Minister, ment of the British and Ameri replacement or modification, American people had always ment.

change of programme.”

toxlay-Reuter,

can air force commands in Ge then legislate for such hoped to avold building`a large

arrangement will fix

The Crown Prince's vilt to

many. replacement or modification military force.

responsibility along a definite Britain has aroused controversial

The

German But "loday, we must obylous-channel of accountable civilian interest In the British preos.

call-up but in such a way as not to

depends on ratification of the result in its total abolition. ly maintain a strong military offlaints."

The Newcastle "lea cup" con-

twin treaties and the end of tho Discussing Improvement force to ward off attacks at a

particularly hit the

occupation and the seting up of notice by enemies machinery for strategic planning | troversy moment's

a European army. the devastating for national security the P:e headlines recently with captions IN EXPLOSION equipped with those weapons

These treatles tre to modura skent said the Joint Chiefs were like "Jap Prince face boycott

bogged known

down in a constitutions? con- Advanced by the Committee, | relence," he declared.

"clearly overworked" and must "A cup of tea for Akihito by

Peabody, Mars, Apt. 30. filet In the West German Parila- and the views of the com His plan set forth these three be relieved of minor time con- courtesy of the Lord Mayor and

suming details"

by 04 votes to 31."

An explosion killed four peoplement but plans for a new Iuft- munity on their relative "great objectives":

soid Elsenhower establish- 1. The military

and injured 11. today at the waffe, are being pressed' ahead me branches of the Far East American Some merits could be of Incatim-I

to Prisoners of Was Association Corporation here.

Reginous Chemicals with urgency-London Express able help, to Government ment must be founded "on our already had the authority

basic constitutional principles carry out his proposals without have passed resolutions condemn

Tho which eventually has to, and traditions and there must specific legislation.

Drums of chemical liquid con- In the British government for tinued to explode for over TC- decide what changes shall be a clear and unchallenged organisation plan will become inviting the Crown Prince to hour after, the first blast rocked

60 days unless Britain. be made in local lawa civilian responsibility

Scotland Yard has assigned north of Basten.

this industrini town, 20 miles Slim In Australia relating to Chinese customs,defence establishment."

special detectives to protect Vory rightly Government 2. "Effectiveness with economy the House of Representatives.

PERILOUS PERIOD

Crown Prince Akihito.

After one building had been

Sydney, Apr. 30. demolished and another severely

Australia's nowy Governor- --has decided to solicit those must be made the watchwords

"Today we live in a perilous Newcastle, industrial capital damaged, Bre swept along the General, Field Marshal Sir 3. The best possible military period of International affairs of the northeast with shipwrecked site, where 85 people William Slim, arrived today on plans

They Soviet Kustla and her allies building and coal mining in were believed to have been the way to Canberra, where ho muct be Bound guides 10 have it within their power foterests, had a population of employed on Government con- will be sworn in on May 9,

(Camid on back page, col. 8) *about 300,000;

tracts-Heute,

Reuter,

welcomes its

There is an important distinction betweon theno broposals and

opinions, for this is a bub. "Jed on which hasty and un- popular declalons must not be made, learni

of our defence efforts."

"The

Mr

he

the effective in in votoed by either the Senate or

made. must bo

nction in ease of war.”

his

met

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