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THE CHINA MAIL, SATURDAY, OCTOBER 27, 1951.
Divergencies Of View Over Conduct Of War
CHAPTER 18. OF "CLOSING THE RING,"
THE FIFTH BOOK OF WORLD WAR II MEMOIRS
By
Winston Churchill
Brud the Desert reputation stood high.
The
Early in November, 1943. Tuis 315 Churchill had learnt that President Roosevelt favoured the appointment of Gen. Marshal as Supreme Com- mander both of the 1944 crass-
Channel operation "Over- Ford")
and of the Mediter- vanesa campainn.
31 Clarchitt had conveyrt Darought Field-Marshal Sir John British representa - tive on the Combined Chiefs
hi of Staff in Washington.
ong objections to this sas- Reston
more alat the plans The Combined Command of "Over-
the Mediter Ann. I assumed that the British vien harf been ac
real But on Nov 25 daring our sung in Cairo The proposal for one over- Supreme Command was to IIN by the American Chiefs of Staff Sa a formal memorandum.
omvataus Spelads enrountmest From the with
וויזיוייויי
Palom
We
FILE VIEWS 10 Tent
of
Armpen cal vagues. were in- preted by the arguments used They realised that this proposal
the en Die Comboed Chefs of Staff corded There would be the Supreme Communner,
de boxU extent
Our
proposal was presented to us on Nov. 25 by the United States Chiefs of Staff in formal paper. The rejoinder of the British Chiefs of Staff was ..s follows:
1241
by
כלי
ang men; la ta chya cand declsiban, lonka na tatugi t
proving with terd deplorable ennroquénetR. a1dants will rem in which the Sep.ca Chama for wed
ds, and
have marchad in recordance with anders, only . be followed a reviriai f the ice he The Combteca Cakfs of Staf and consequent confusion. Agpin, it may bappen tha
Bh Cacts of Saff agre: with a decision taken by th Sup me Commander, while the United Sales Chefs of Staff tly diagice with Whe happens theat
This proposal has immense political implications, «nd is arly a matter for the most
consideration of tb carnest United State:
British Governments, Nevertheles the British Chiefs
of Staff must Say at o ice that, from the military point of view,
they
disagree Ther in the
p.ofoundly with the
proposal. reasons are set out paragraphs that follow. Total wa
nol an Tair of military forets alone, using the word
military air. the wirlest sense
the term
economar,
are politica. andustriai, à il nomestic - plorations
almost every
wor problem. Thus ji seems clear that the Supreme Command for the war agains: Germany will have sull both the United States and the British Governments La||mast every important question, fiel, it boils down to this, that he will only be able to
moke derision without
ference to high authority on comparatively
minor
201
military
questions, such as the transfer of one ur two divisions.
-1 or
fo squadrons of aircraft, Dr few scores of anding-crat, from one of his many fronts to another. He will thus he an extra and unnecessary link in the chain of command,
ok the toy trami User hands. They therefore dropped Tote algeet from the Staff dix-
Amy Spea 1: Hust be sentiert tarfsvee.! 1 esat af Governments.
British Staff's reaction
the understanding Deplorable
AMBER way o doubt that the
Two
High Command felt strungis
it Supreme Commandes -boul be uppoaned us command
Hi the United Nations operation. Paganist Geratung. both from
Alushte: mounta
the
Allante.
ti
They still wished to see Commaries fas Nothwest Ku.o- opriations, a command. Ex Alled forces in The Mediterranean, and above bot
supreme Baure who
would
Portuguese
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not only plan and conduct the war in both theatres. but move 149 Brees from one to the other Le might think best.
It must be remembered that we not only had at that time. And weve hound to have for many months to come, a very large superiority
the forces, Atty. Navy, and Air but also that with Alexander' and Montgomery's victories 11
כזי
consequences
THERE is no real (04728-
C
he
On again, the Combined Ch'els of S eff may waricheartedly sup- on millary grounds, a po.. on Andron taken by the Supreme Commander, caly
to find at of other of the Govern iners contened is not
what happens" ity Thin Supreme Commander is Ringo excrcier rel control,
16 will need arcmble the whole Intelligence. phosphonala Png and Admin en
ha
Cr
an unprecdined sear The Staff will me "' he
# R p: between the bona etme inara 31
mb ai Chcts of Stof..
Answer handed
to President
WARMLY approved
popu
<!
FL. S
the
30
and developed i gumens fur he walsa 1 wroe he some day. The diffisules and shortermings a
our conduct of the war sinec Cine have
10
B
:{
Ear enmend art mg
a Supreme Commande h: B. would have avale able againsGermany May [1944 dc.dedly larger forces ihan he United States, It would the cfort
that Faculd g Supreme
Command 5 Brish office. I should be i reluctan, or heart of 11, i Majesty's Government, to place! such an avidicus telponsibility upa Bitish offic.
. is far miber hann, deega, a nje the propend are offe inve,v3.
Supreme Com-
was given Sta.es c.Moze and iu promtung d
cine
in favour of eorumlating "Overlord"..cgxzive of the injury dent to cur afla in the Mediterranean. His Majesty's Governmin, could ma, possibly
gure.
The Supreme Comnur. B...
or American would threa
placed
pollen. Having a
the whole world he responsi bility of prspoun.
bung and bring ove ruled by on Governme
he wou'd have the three buy in resign migh: bring about a most wer nu, elsts n the amnious
happy
รา
14
slations oberta mo -
bxwers
New* W B
- ve
i:
bc
for Amalan Chefs of Sm ly as soch ri pu ar.. mg; me broween 14: bred Staff Cogan.salin and
now cup, eme general, and No
weighing
arguments
From the divi get
geneics f Vew D. when our wo Staff- and Governmen s. It is intenta Neither the President nor ant
they were my no means wedded to the plan.
FLOW
hela dvergonzine would a, his immediate cirer referred moved by the rol men. เอ flur
in pes www The cvasge. formal 15 i!.
hen we came into courses. Carrefore leted wels the m- 1454 that Gen Marshall comicard, "Over.ord,"
મ Supleme Command. wark ng urs the Comb.ne Chiefs of Staff and liabl have is devis ans wegend by them.
jogy between the post- 01 of Marshal Foch in the last war and position on the plaer hand. If the pe
for now contemplated
the Supreme Commander against Germany. Marshal Foch was Gren
for responsible only
the Western Front and the Italla Front. His authority did not extend to the Salonika Front, the Palestine Front, or the Mesopotamia Front.
Under the orangemonts row contemplated the Supreme Commander will have not only Overlord" and the Itakan Front
under authority, but a'so the Balkan Front and the Turkish Front (if this is opened 1. There
must be same
of decision is in fac, apo jed that Gon Fasenhower would the Suprem: Commander he succeed him in Washing on, and work of the Combined Chiefs of that it would fall to me. repre- Staff would be virtually super- renting His Majesty's
Govern roděd, and very gice:
ment, to choore The Medic 02- would .mmidiaty $1.50
Janean vummander, who at the i be ween the G.ve.nmcals and time 1 batt no doubt would be the Supreme Commander. Alexander, already waging the W hou: geing in 7 personalises, war in Italy. Here :he ste is greatly to be doubled autet till we returned to Calin whether any single officer exists
who would be capable of giving Thanksgiving
sessors over the va tange cl by the picblems new dial with by thi btas
Gover ments 4.5.0 by the Combined Craft of Soft
;,"-
his
The
owed as 1: as
satus
.0 Che
e-ponsibilities which Abica Governments can delegate to a s ng soldier, and the
sphere now proposed scems to exceed chose limits considerably. The Uni ed States Chicks of Staff
propose that the decisions of Supreme Commerder should be "subject to reversni by The Combined Chefs of Staff." If the main object" of
new
dinner
THANKSGIVING Day, Nov le which shoud be £25 ja a feature in America.
postble life. Every soldier b. Plikes of equal tus American armies is supposed to
the
the
ecinmard
:1 any eat turkey on that date, theatre should go to the ally nest of them did in 1943. Ample
larges who has the
forces supplies of turkeys for all the deployed ur about to be
United States Staffs at Cairo deployed there. On thi i: had been brought out in the would be natural that the com- President's ship. mand in th: Med erranzan should be Bish and that h command of "Overlord" should be American.
Mr Hoosevelt inviel me o join him at dinner in his villa.
(Continues on Page 16 Col. 1)
Mr. MID-ATLANTIC
An American takes over an Oxford College . . . and finds merit in tea at 4.30, as well as in pumpkin pie
AICHAELMAS TERM He speaks de.
brings Professor
MI
as
Ar-
both
ac-
liberately, with a "mld- thur Lehman Goodhart to Atlantic" University College, Oxford, cent, His
three schooled the new Master. He sons,
both in Ameri- takes the honour as nothing ca. (Hotchkiss) extraordinary: "An Ameri- and in. England sound and an English (Eton) academician speak the same unmistakably English He language, almost
every likes the Eng- national barrier is down. lish and their This is true to a degree that customs,
Lains h
CAR
PROFESSOR COODHART wiebout the /e
a senso
or
spectacular buffel waits
next room.
in the
In the war, Goodhart con- ecived the idea of the Oxford University Leave Courses for
Or to find him, in 1043, President British and Allied Forces, Result:
of the
American
Outpost in more than 7,000 Servicemen were Great Britain, founded to pro- provided with a place to live at mote American aid to Britain Oxford, lectures, brains trusts, "shoot of nothing." Or just last
tours. The military encouraged April campaigning, as President to indulge their curiosity, asked
the Pedestrians' Association, for talis for sanity on English highways. casern religions to sewage dis
en everything from Highway signs, he claims, are
too courteous.
"Those posters
might as well read: "Please do not kill our children. It is rude
posal.
Professionally, A. L. Goodhari
to do so. What we need are a is at the top. (It runs the
few good threats."
family. One uncle was overnor of New York State, afficher was an English and an American American personality and citizen-
Even in his own home and chief judge. His father became business man would find ship. Is as much at home as training, Professor Goodhart has a millionaire on the New York After a Sock Exchange.) Among lawyers ambassadorial Anglo-American ties, hard to believe."
speaker a on
Is "common- banquet as he is with a group of Yale degree he came to Cam- he is known
are Sixly, smoking a pipe, wearing undergraduates around the fire bridge for an English BA. During sense jurist. His articles
his time Trinity he met forthright, original. A famous his way at Whitebarn, his 20-100 Cecily Carter, an undergraduate essay afleming the legality of the pince-nez, he picked
rolled carpets and house among
Boar's Hill, on
near b Newnham reading history, 1928 General Strike affected ladders-through the reception Oxford.
Naturalness, rooms and library of his new
niece of a Cambridge divinity subsequent legislation in trades home, the 17-T00m Master's humour, he believes, lend to real on Today Mrs Goodhari, tall, dispurtes. But he is best known fair, husky-voiced, matches her as an expert on Anglo-American Lodgings, "Under that tree," Anglo-American understanding.
husband's crihusiasm for
for Ameri- ease law, he said, pointing into o An anecdote he likes to relate in
cans and Englishmen. Her eldest Fellow's garden, "is supposed to set in railway carriage son, Philip, at 24 a Tory candi- hart dees not use his ille.
As an American KBE, Gtbd- be where Shelley
wrote some Engilshman. behind his news, date for Conselt, Co. Durham, likes to recall the time he ebn- poems."
paper, an American on the edge of his seat, enger to converse the niece of the late John Win founded the Royal Empire Society Though he visits America "Do you mind if I talk to yea?".
by repeated reference to Sir each year, Professor
says the American at List. The U... Amongadore Wing on Churchill. Sir Winston, has called England his per Englishman, eyeing him har
heat lost patiently, explained, mationt home for 31 years. He rowly, repllex. "What about?" Mrs Goodhart
is a vigorous Was un MP, fa'her of the great remains indubitably American,
hbatos. Her tennis battles and dines with his enfilege at the Duke of Marlborough, But st he
Goodhart
but is both a KC (1934) tula
now in Fleet Street, is married to
Britain.
KEE (1040), which strikes his Goodir bhors Anglo tens are famous, Most foreign opening of term, It inalters little countrymen as no mean feat. He American propagandla as too self students who land at Oxford also the Ardut Goodhart night de still beats his sons n tennis conscious. He would rather the land eventually at Wiltebarn:
"Sir" of that he fits been Usuni working hours (fer edifing American visitor to Belain "hop When the Gogether give a prof, or that he happend to
evening dance, hired
will. bo and welling) pre from ning pan on a bike and eyele to the nearest Saturday
bern American He Jati). what midnight, but his vilinge pubi So it is not sur care invade Oxford, sejas un 40 called simply The Master, of, breakfast je rover Inter than eight prising, on the Americas Thanks- Buds or so pin the colleges, o'clock. Now, in his new positivin Day, to find turkey and and whisk them out to Whites Goodluci barn, where the fone library h Jion ps Master, he haż » vcretary, puppkin, ole on The for the last mo
Labil, but has that four hy uicured musle playing, and
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