1951-08-31 — Page 4

--Page 47

THE CHINA MAIL FRIDAY, AUGUST 31, 1951)

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NES

ARISTOCRACY"

་, ` ་ ་

Dr country

FTER the old Russian has her own, town

aristocracy was ex- house as well as a villa on the They terminated in 1917, shorts of the Black Sea.

have the latest cars, servants and a new Soviet “aris- bodyguards. All forms of trans- tocracy" was born. Each port are available for their com year it has grown stronger. fort. Today it possesses privileges Special boxes are reserved for.

in theatres far greater than those on them

and sports Food and clothing joyed in the past by the now stadiums. declining aristocracy of the are delivered to their houses from special restricted stores, Western World.

All this at the Government'«, expense.

he

In addition they receive o called "gifts" in the form of the best samples of manufac- tured goods and collective farm products. Those "gifts" are the "symbol of the love of the people for their leaders," as the Soviet press puts it

H

pact, in illegal transactions with Representatives of the fourth, the directors of other factories. Afth and sixth groups, once they "honoured" for the exchange of manufac oficially becomo tured goods. Thus, Chechevichny, earn tens of thousands of roubles for inventions on sending Semenov to a wireless a month; some factory with a small statue of and discoveries which increase country's might; others Mephistopheles, would obtain a the

literaturo new wireless in exchange, or on through

and.. art having a machine tool component stimulating the spirit of Cem- cast In few days for a textile muniam In the working.popula- factory (it took months to get an tion. order not provided for in the

All of them cut through the plan carried ministry by official channels) later awarded Stalin Prizes for

outstanding success in. one Chechevichny would receive roll of the best woollen material another field of activity. Threa classes of prizes have been es- tablished; the . first 100,000 as a reward.

Of course, Chechevichny and raubles (£8,750): the second his family were unable to use all 78,000 roubles (£0,880), the the butter, alcohol and shoes third 50,000 roubles (£4,375). + received. So Semenov disposed of. They are not subject to tax:

The writer of this article, who for obvious reasons must remain anonymous, is a Soviet re fugee in the West. He is a steel engineer and lived and worked for many years in Moscow, As an industrial specialist he was well connected, and writes with considerable authority Unión today. on life in the Soviet

Soviet Russia's new aris- tocracy is divided into Aix groups.

In the first are the men who Party the Communist Joined before the revolution and who, after Lenin's death, when party split, supported Stalin. They occupy the highest posts STO the government and in

and candidate-mem- members bers of the Politburo, members and candidate-members of the Central and Republican Com mittees of the party, secretaries Committees of Regional of the

of the No one else in Russia knows the party, members

and incomes-laries Presidium

the Supreme their of Soviet

of republie and bonuses. When one of these and

and higher "aristocrats": dica his local Soviets, political officials of the Soviet pays no death dutles, as in the West, but on the contrary, the widow receives from the State:

Army,

are

Thus, living in luxury, these men and their families are able to salisty every desire without any personal expenditure.

family

commed1⁄44les these

to black market speculators, receiving a an example Axed percentage on sales, ----

Iron

Chechevichny, who received a

Those

1

are sooner, cor

:

or

belonging to the last

unlimited dwelling

Budeney's Patate, Whitchi ́I will take· as obvers 10 square kilometres, the director of a small was surrounded by strong 12- foundry works. In the town of foot high wooden fence. Alone Kus, 30 kilometres from salary of 2,600 roubles a month, three groups obtain permission

the Ural moun- plus a bonus of 2,500 roubles for to occupy the top, was barbed wire. A Zlatcurt, in detachment of MVD troops fains.

I worked there for a plan fulfilment, did not spend a space. An ordinary worker la nine square kopeck on the upkeep of his allowed under grounds and seme guarded the tries with watchdogs were

family. His speculations provided metres. They are allotted plots posted

him with an additional income of land outside the town and along the inner perimeter of its

to build their o

own considerably in excess of his legal allowed boundaries. There were always

earnings,

villas. They can buy cars and two sentries at the closed gates.

yachts. Therefore, they have Over the two searchlights

gates,

It was a small factory bullt

The average wage of a skilled not only money but also per order It up the road, throughout the

worker is 600 10 1,000 roubles mission from above for a life night.. About 50 yards from in the 17th century by

Great and em (£50 to £87) o months, while an of comfort, which they enjoy in

men. In ploved about 1,000 the gates, the cond was blocked of Poter. the

unskilled worker earns from 300 the full sense of the word. by a barrier, which was al

addition, to making Iron to 800 roubles (£25 to £44) a guarded.

castings of different kindz.. it

t month.

For example. Aleksei Tolstoy, artistic

cast iron

the writer (and former count) produced

were

was allowed In November 1939. statuettes, which

to dismantle the marble foun- tremely valuable. They famous

factory

tain that adorned the park of a made the

Chechevichny bad a son and Polish count and take it out of which throughout the country.

daughter of school age. But they Poland. The fountain. The director, Pavel Valle were not taught in the school, consisted of a basin and classl

Behind the ferre amid the

were treca

avenue sge-old bordered with flowerbeds. Also were orchards in the grounds planted with fruit trees, klichen gardens with strawberries and vegetables, a special swimming

for.

ex- had

in tho second group

1. An immediate cash pay- pool, which drained off into the Vich Chechevichny, lived with where they lived like ordinary cal Pgures, nooded about 10 rail.

his family in the private hous

wagons to carry it, The in day

the director's samo. year

the fountain. Was ministers and their deputies,

to It had a park adjourning. car Zlatoust. It the heads of chief administra- ment of from 20,000 to 50,000 village pond and two ten of the former factory direc..ple's children. They went way wo

Checha- reassembled in the grounds of a car when his Tolstoy's Moscow villa. tions, and directors of factories roubles, (about £1,750 to £4,- courts. 600).

Not far from the fence were All the expenses, of upkeep, in vichny needed These and other organisations,

quarters, the cluding rent, electricity and own was not available, he used As comparison of the earn- senior administrative posts are

2. A pension for life from the servants"

ings of the leading artists and What then did Chechevichny those of an engineer with higher given solely to party members. 24,000 to 48,000 roubles per guardroom, the stables, cow, the maintenance of a gardener, one of the factory's two cars.

arinum, (£2,340 to £4,200 p.a.), sheds, plgstles and chicken rama a bollerman, and cicaners were

Che do with all the money he made

of the former State jazz The average pension of retired Fat gowns and pedigree horses paid by the government.

chevichny's cook, was on the in a country, where it is not lendon quote a joke of the workers amount to 1,920-2,520 grazed in a meadow; •

band, Leonid Utesov, whosa Budeony's house stood in the Payroll of the factory canteen. poisible to invest it? Ho spent roubles por annum (£168

it, 50 moking his life

more daughter, Edith used to sing in without, The factory had a torm for

his band "On the whole our course, family £216 p.a.)..

supplying the canteen with pleasant,

doesn't do so badly." forgetting to save something for produce. In the hot days of

month he sald Utesov, "I earn 35,000 the spring Bowing and at a rainy day. Every

visited Moscow, On "official roubles a month, Edith 10,000 harvest time, all workers and business. His expenses were and her husband, a talented a mechanical engineer,

In the third group pre regular army officers from the rant of colonel upwards. They are also party members.

to

3. A pension for each

child until it attains 18 years of up to 6,000 roubles per annum. (about £540 p.a.).

In the fourth group are the "Honoured Workers of Science", the title the govern The expense of the costly ment bestows on scientists and funeral are paid by the govern- engineers for outstanding inven- ment and workers must march tions and discoveries, particu- in the funeral procession during Jarly in the development of working hours." new types of armaments,

in

Socialism

with the apoch

and the

of

About 23 kilometres from by Bakovka railway Afth group. In the

are the Moscow

is the beginning of Workers of "Honoured

Art" station

It the title with which the govern- Marshal. Budenny's estate.

stretches as far as the village of nient honours poets, writers Zvezdino, four kilometres away dramatists, composers, artists and sculptors for their creation from the station. of "models of Soviet art, harmony

ideas

of

Communism".'

middle of the wood and so was hidden.

Budenny, did not take up DC- His tive part in public affairs. welfare at the State's expense the revolutionary vices during was in recognition of his eer- period from 1917 to 1920,

Representatives of the second group. ere those who execute the ideas and orders of the first Ministers enjoy the group. same privlieges as the first SROUP but on a slightly

acale. Not duced

all A minister's bodyguards.

monthly salary

of

of

D

employees except managerial

order paid by the factory. He often chap, were compelled by the director, to work on the took his wife with him, and she 850 roubles a month."

used to buy furs, clothes and farm for eight hours, every jewellery. Bunday

without pay. Every morning the farm

Chechayichny stayed at the manager

The income tax system in the delivered all the choice pro- best hotel where the cost of a

full board would Soviet Union differs in many duce required to Chechevich- room with

amount to 150 roubles (R13) @ ways from that of the West. day.

An income tax percentage which ny's house,

rise In the autumn, when the levels out after earnings grapes were ripening, the whole above 1,000 roubles a month and family went to a rest home in does not vary with the amount The factory had a warehouse the Crimes. Chechovichny re of earnings above that sum has have.

in which, together with valuable celved a une travel and lodging heen established. In all, taxes off-

materials for production require warrant available for a month, amount to the following: income varies

ments, including industrial spirit but had to pay for the other tax, from 5% to 13 percent; Toubles

members of his family. The cultural levy, three and benzine, were I spent a summer in this vil (£250 to £450). But they re- goods to be distributed as bonuses journey from the Urals to the State Loan, 10 percent: trade lage. By looking through holes ceive, in addition,

350 roubles union dues, one percent. Thus; monthly for Stakhunovites and shock- Crimen cost over In the sixth group. are the

in the ertate fence I was able to bonuses equivalent to one or workers. Distribution of such (299) each. "Honoured Artists" and "People's

percent. A salary Budenny's comfortable even two months study

for stores and goods is carried out

Person earning actually Artists'"'",

500 roubles a month titles for honoured way of life. I often saw him everfulẞiment of their plans. only with the director's welden theatre and film actors who

permission. The director, is the

receives 384 roubles, while constitute the portray the heroes and patriota galloping through the village on

Others, who black hors

other earning 10,000 roubles horse, accompanied by

master of the factory and so long two bodyguards.

of this group, Despite his majority

are as it fulfils planned fargels no Chechevichny, however, was a month receives 7,348 roubles. and hend omclats one superintends him.

practical and far-sighted man,"

When in Moscow, the advanced agile was over 60- directors

When the war began and the things a foreigner asks

asks himself his appearance was brisk and They are given the opportually.

The factory's supply depart- Germans official

advanced almost to pronting by their he rode his horse well. This is of

Russian positions to enrich themselves ment had one exceptionally astute Moscow, his 15-year-old daugh hotels which, for comfort, are significant because

above their legal employee named Semenov. ter, with whom I was friendly, comparable to the luxury hotels worker's average expectation of over and

West? Who patronises Semenov engaged, for the most said to me in confidence and of the life is only 45-50 years.

of the fatherland.

---Those in the first-group.are the virtual owners of the coun- try, They live in the palaces. and mansions of the old Russian aristocracy

In or

buildings specially erected for them. Each

cial

from 3,000 to 5,000

privileges.

★ The tourist season peak linds Britain's visitors, asking questions and answering some. Meet the girls who help to see that postcards home hold the words---

consumer

Having wonderful

ANNA, HARVIE-SMITH

time

mark-Ann Hathaway's Cot inge, the Tower and Windsor Castle are favourites, Some t'meg a BBC recording van goes

VICKI by.'. SILVA - WHITE

"Where can I find a police- man with a red moustache to take a colour film?” -

had booked up somewhere in Cornwall, but couldn't remember where."

Between them the girls speak nine languages. In her spare time- Linda designs and makes her own clothes, "You have to look presentable,ood that's

with Mias Hervie-Smith.. The "Where can I get my hair difficult on ordinary office pay."

vialtors have

Sou

and washed

drezaed native-

Last year tha Association

tent

venir of the trip, their style?"this from a high-born out 11 million pieces of publi-

West African woman.

friends at home read

all about it, and it is

publicity for Britain.

city. They hope that, £100 million will be made from Linda Browne, traveis up from Association (Government Twenty-one-year-old brunette, tourists this year. But the The tourists nearly, Virginia: Water' each day to always write her answer' visitors'' Inquiries.

thank you" letter

financed, with aid

from the tourist trade), are not yet con-

mixed up all their towns and thing done about hotela. One couple knew they London Sunday too.

after their return Hours are 9.30 to 5.30 "But vinced. that Britain has become a truly tourist country. They are to tho Stater if you get a lost traveller in at IRL with an unusua! "They all rave about our old 3.30 you just stay on till you've preparing a memorandum for job is busy just now. stones and bones" says Miss found a hotel with some room, the Government in an attempt to straighten out the licensing Harvie-Smith, "And nearly all o Anna Harvie Smith, slim, visitors comment on the English-inded travellers who have perplexing." They want

there are the absent lawn which visitors find most dark and 21, with big man's helpfulness in

the dull china-blue eyes, is chief the way to visitors." interviewer for the British Scottish-born Anna, who Travel and Holiday Asso- lives with her parents in Glou- ciation. By the end of the cester Place, W., cans £7, 78. sho will a week There are no "perka" have completed a thousand on the jobs and the is not

br.bed with offers of nylons. Interviews.

started with the Associa She How is it done? Miss Harvio

started Smith loses her flow of words on as a typlat, hated the roues

line, finds this a perfect job. When asked question about her. But keeping up her wardrobe self. "I be doing the inter viewing myself," she says firm uns away with out her adlary. ly. Hor working day may start Her choice plain dark Even frocks, with white touches to

summer season

at 8.45 a.m and end at 8 pm. lend a crisp, cool air, and com

She goes

"to: Windsor or the 40 kg 90tart=ghoos, boca való

Tower to meet coach parties of

viatton to Britain mosty

American. "N

漫痛 * of walking about

Ten". iris in their tw

After the tour, the interviews staff: the Association?

them about their tip to Britain,

then writes it up, ends it to

USA

the visitors sločal papery inAlo?

complete with a photo"; and of the

expect ta

percent;

total tax paid is from 19%

27

are:

who inhabite

an-

1

Brst

luxury

with pride: "My father isn't to expensive restaurants afraid of the Germans winning, and they are crowded where He said that we i ve sufficient dinner for four costs more than gold and diamonds to escape to a worker's total monthly earn- America via Vladivostok."

inga? Who buys the expensive Those in the third groun.

group, the astrakhan capes in the shops of senior army officers, enjoy, in the capital, the cost of which the main, the same advantages exceeds I worker's yearly as the first group, varying earnings? Who buys the best according to their rank. But caviare, which costs over 100 even the losest bas the salary roubles a kilogramma? : Who luxurious bets at the horse races, the only, ofa minister, a apartment, a villa out of town permitted form of betting? and his own car at the govern The answer is quite simple: mom's expense.““

the new Soviet, "aristocracy?"

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