1951-05-29 — Page 1

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International Court UN LIKELY TO WITHHOLD ||Hunted By Jim Crow

Begins Study Of

Becomes His

Persian Oil Dispute Own Grandpa

The Hague, May 28,

The 14 Judges of the International Court of Justice, under the presidency of Judge J. Basdevant, of France, have already begun their study of the two applications made during the weekend in the Persian oil dispute, it was learned here today.

The application of the Anglo-Iranian Oil Com- pany, asking the President of the Court to appoint an Arbitrator, and that of the British Government, asking the Court to decide the whole case, have, now both been "officially received" and announced the Court.

by

The President will probably situation is not quite clear. discuss with the other members Under the United Nations Char- which application he will dealter. Persia accepted the urls. "with Örsi, observers heredetion of the International

thought.

Court with certalu reserva- The position of the Persianlous. It is not known without Governinen Ju the present

further study, whether any of these reservations, will justify The Persian

Government re- fusing to attend The Court or necept its rulings.

If the

FREIGHTER

ON ROCKS

Hague,

Saskatchewan, May 28.

Cornelius Friesen, 36, today married his grand.. fathers' widow so be- coming his own grandpa,

The bride was Mra Sarah Friesen, 42, whose has band, 85, died last year,

Mrs Friesen's 12-year-old son, who was Corneliug Friesen's step-uncle, now becomes Cornelius' step- pon,

Associated Press,

ANY NEW

PEACE MOVE

Rapidly Changing Korea Situation

United Nations, May 28.

The rapidly changing military situation in BRITONS ON Korea is likely to delay any further moves by the

SMUGGLING

CHARGES

Cairo, May 28.

The trial of two Britons,

charged with the alleged at nottempt to smuggle £11,000 worth of gold from Egypt, is due to

reservations du petually apply to this case. then the Utrnost that Persiu en do, apparently, is to chai- lenge the Court's competence to

case. That heap

the

would the legality I of Britain's Doplication and then arguing on legal grounds whether the Court is compe-

Syracuse, Sicily, May 28. The American freighter mean denouncing Skystar, bound from Galveston, Texas, to Trieste with 9,700 ions of grain, Avas reported to

onto the tent.

coast

to have run night rocks along the Sicilian near here.

was

An unidentified Dutch ship the first to answer the Skystar's radio call for help, but according to word reaching here

to tow the was unable freighter clear.

Ships and port workers from Syracuse WOTE sent to the acche.

- of

Rome-London In

IMPORTANT POINTS

Eric Pil-

start

tomorrow moming at Farouk Airpori before an Egyp- tian military court.

are Bernard The

Bccused Henry Pasche, 19, of East- bourne, and George brow, 24, of March, Cambridge- shire. Both are employed 05 stewards by British Overseas Airways Corporation, and were when on March 21, preparing to board their plane fer Karachi,

arrested on

United Nations to obtain a negotiated settlement, diplomats here believed today.

The entire situation had changed here during the last 48 hours.

A canvas of opinion among the British, Ameri- can, Swedish, French and Indian delegations in- dicated today that it would be considered unwise. at this moment to make any offer of negotiations were sweeping when the United Nations forces forward to what might. be a major victory.

Offices

The United Nations Good

Committee, composed of the representatives of Persia, Sweden and Mexico, last week discussed the possibility of to the drafting a renewed demand for a cease-fire Peking Government.

But a member of the Com- no today that mittee stated meeting would be held either and that If Persia refused to appeur,

today or tomorrow, further

would developments or to present its views, the Bri- tish Government can call on the

Eave to await the outcome of Palice said that customs of- Court, under Article 53, to cials found gold ingots sewn

military operations.

believed that decide in favour of its claims.

inside

Aslan experts vests worn by the two

the Chinese Communists would It will then be for the Court | men,

not respond

to any cease-fire Major Hussein Hassan Elshe- itself that the claim to satisfy "is well founded in fact and in tew, Police Superintendent of proposal in a moment of grave

defeat, the Royal Frontier Corps try- inw."

They based their argument on ing the casc, sald the accused alleged the gold had been given knowledge of the Asian men in em by a

"Aly", tality, which they certain

said would who asked them to deliver I prohibit political negotiations to Karachi.

during a period of lost face."

Another important point the International Court may have to

.

Paxle and Fibrow will be defended by an Egyptian lawyer, Abdel Halim Shekib.

mosa and Chinese Communist represetation on the United Nations in a Koren peace settle ment.-Reuter.

COMING TO HALT

Police

This is a recent photo of Navab Safavi, the Mullah who heads the fanatical Moslem secret society Fedayan Islam. Safavi is being hunted by the Persian Police since the recent threat to kill Premier Mossadeq. The above picture was taken by a Fedayan Islam sympathiser at an undisclosed place in Teheran.-Associated Press.

Gasperi Winning Italian Elections

Policy Protested

Impressive Parade By South African Ex-Servicemen

Capetown, May 28. Group Captain A. G. "Sallor" Malan, former Bat- tle of Britain ace, told about: 50,000 massed ex-servicemen here tonight that "the men who had pinned their faith in a Nazi victory

are the same men that we have in power today."

The ex-serviceman's demons- tration was the biggest in the 300 years history of Capetown to protest against placing coloured voters on a separate roll. The parade climaxed o Union-wide campaign by ex-servicemen at what they consider a violation of the constitution.

Men from 1,500 miles away took part with contingents from Nelspruit, (Transvaal) Maritz- burg. East London, Kimberley and Windhoek.

"Sailor" Malan at the head of

tre- the procession, received a mendous ovallon

from the With him was Boer ex-colleague of General Jan Smuts, Comman dant Dol! Belarey.

crowd.

veteran and

Lo

The parade, murching four abreast,

with men holding flaming torches, look four hours

pass

Capetown through streets. Thousands of coloured men joined as the parade went by. One slogan read, "Uphold the honour of the white man's" word."

"THESE WRECKERS”

Outside the City Hall, Malan addressed the gathering."

Tokyo, May 29. 'The rout of Chinese, and Korean Communist forces came to a gradual halt yesterday days of (Monday) after six headlong retreat. Wholesale surrender and staggering losses wiped out nearly all ground gains the Reis had made in two costly spring offensives.

Pursuing United Nations forces were driving four to 14 files inside North Korea across. the 125 mile wide peninsula.

Allied The the same they occupied just be- positions were about fore the first Red hammer blow of April 22. night of the

In one week the Eighth Army offensive has eliminated Red Military experts here were

penetrations ranging up to 25 also not convinced that the pre-miles below the 35th Parallel. sent tactical defeat would con- The total Red guins were from stitute a knockout blow. They 30 to 40 miles.

In the biggest test of political strength for three thought it likely that the Com- However field. dispatches years, the Premier's Party and its allies swept his munists would regroup and al- said 3,000 Chinese were in ac native Trent. It was ahead in first 'returns in Brescia, tempt one

sup- tion more attack,

last night against US

Milan and even in Bologna, known a. "the Red" city be- had defeated at great cost and ported by armour and aircraft, troops on the central front,

Reuters

west of Hwichon

cause of-its-past-Communist-strength.- reservoir;

It was believed that if part

the cargo could be trans-decide very shortly is whether, ferred, the ship would be able with these applications pending, to be refloated without serious Persia cnn continue with its damage.-Associated Press,

nationalisation scheme.

It was considered more prob- Under Article 41 of the

able that the Chinese Com the Court's statutes, It has

munists and their North Korean Court's

Since their arrest, the accused associates would try to indicale, If it considers

pull power to that circumstances require it, have been detained at Farouk back to defence line and lick "any provisional measures Airport and face a possible so their wounds before deciding. which ought to be taken to pre- tence of up to three years or the next step.

imprisonment and 11 Gine of London, May 28. serve the rights of either party." Crew members of the De Pending the

decision. £1,000. Sentences of the military fal Havilland four-Jel Comel air-notice of the measures must be

court

without appeal liner had lunch in Rome today given to the parties and the Associated Press. and tea in London two hours Security Council. and 30 minutes later.

The big plane averaged 372 Britain means that presumably

22 Hours

miles an hour

This

can ask the Court to on the 93014-order a postponement of the o!! nationalisation proceedings-it this is felt necessary to preserve Britain's rights,

mile run, bitting nearly 400 mph part of the way,

The Comet, which made a record run to Cairo last week, flow from London to Rome in two hours two minutes.-United Press.

Whether the Court will agree to issue such an order cannot yet be sald.Reuter,

Other references on Page 2.

COMMENT OF THE DAY

aro

PISTOL-PACKING MOMMAS

Tokyo, May 28: Tokyo policewomen will

TRUCE STATEMENT carry pistols from June 1, the: authorities announced today,

Washington, May 20. Osaka policewomen have White House and diplomatic been carrying weapons

since officials said here today that; April-Reuter.

there had been no discussion on reviving

Mounting Crisis In Persia

WHILE stormy Iranian Parliament

sessions indicate that Britain's attempt to get to grips with the oil diapute has served largely to heighten the mounting wave of anti-British there will be no feeling in Persia, quarrel in British quarters with the steps taken in a belated endeavour to meet the emergency with a show of determination. What the outcome will be is quite another matter. Britain's approach to the controversy has been conciliatory enough to draw sharp criticism from advocates of direct action, but no response suggestive of second thoughts among Persian fanatics has been forthcoming, and the growing cleavage in the Mossadeq Cabinet, heralding an early downfall, threatens a second position dangerously worse than the first. Nevertheless, Britain has no alternative to the course now laid out. Nothing could have been more rational than the offer to negotiate a new agreement with Perala, taking the desire to nationalise the industry fully-into consideration. If the British Government now takes a serious matter seriously indeed, there can be no con- tention that it has been followed by a' mounting of the high horse, Additionally, both the Government and the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company have submitted the dispute for legal findings by the International Court of Justice at The Hague,' with an intimation to the Persian Government that amicable negotiation would still be preferable and that the results of a successful

would round-table conference reservedly be accepted in London. Mr Morrison and his colleagues have, in short, leaned over backwards to fit policy to Pursian Nationalist aspirations, and responsibility for any explosive failure to reach agreement has been

un-

placed beyond possibility of dispute. The sting in the tail of the recent British Note, warning that "serious consequences" might result if the Persians persist in unilateral expropria- tion of British property can be inter- preted in a variety of ways. It could have reference to the economic consequences to Persia, or a hint of the proceedings at the International Court of Justice. But if the Persian Govern- mont is meant to understand that in the last resort, British rights and interests will be properly protected, such action will be thoroughly endorsed by observers of the rapid deterioration of the situation in Teheran and the damage to British prestige caused by two months of vacillation. Britain has been pushed around by all and sundry (usually the sundries) for too long and it is time she began to stand up for herself. All are aware of the prodigious dangers lurking behind events in Persin. They lurked, too, in the 1930's with beginning with the collision Mussolini's Italy, and if we had faced them boldly we might have avoided the ultimate catastrophe. No sabre-rattling. is necessary-but unless Britain makes it quite clear that she is ready to defend what belongs to her, préssures against her interests could easily intensify until an eruption was inescap- able. Much depends, of course, on the bitter struggle going on behind the acence in Persia: What the situation demands is a halt to headstrong actions. Even a challenge to the competence of the International Court to deal with the British application would be fruitful should it bring about a pause. The last thing desired is a situation com- pelling, vigorous action, and Toheran. seizure of an opportunity for reflection offers the sole guarantee,

That was roughly seven miles north worth of the old political boundary.

Frontline officers belleved

Q

at-

Chinese rearguards were

only

to slow the bing consideration of the tempting

They expect truce statement drafted Allied advance.

than

local nothing more by the 14 United Nations mem bers last March.

enemy counter-attack. E

rearguards, Other Red

in- A truce statement was to have

North Koreans, been made by President Tru- cluding many

behalf of the Unified tried to stop the Alled advances both the western and Command, but was pigeon-holed on

man on

com-

and

Rome, May 28. S'owly mounting roturns from Italy's municipal provincial elections indicated tonight that the Italian Communists once more lost ground to Pre- mier Alcide de Gasperi's Christian Democrats.

Communists and allied parties were ahead in early returns in the Marche region and appeared to be holding their ground in Liguria, where Communist administration governs the important port city of Genoa.

The

mest

Troops Take Over

Melbourne, May 28. Troops began unloading the freighter Port Halifax on Mon day, after Communist dock workers refused to remove its

Molan sold until the last general election in 1948 had nover

taken part

he In

political activity but when the Nationalists came to power he had grave misgivings that the new government would follow in the footsteps of men wybora the entire brotherhood of free mon of the Western De- mocracles had condemned and

sucrlfice,"

Malan mentioned some bills enacted by the new government

Those saying:

constitution wreckers are pulling away pillars of our democratic structure in a stematic manner. Today the entire commumily of free men are rising in anger against them The lights of freedom are being deused in this free and demo." eratie country, but throughout the length and breadth of the Premier Robert Menzies an

land the torches of liberty are nounced In Canberra the Gov- (being kindizd.

"We ex-servicemen are deter- ernment ordered the prosecution of the Communist union leadure |mined that Democracy and free- responsible for the situation.- dom shall prevail."--Associated United Press,

Press

vote was heavy. In cargo, of the 20 provinces which voted it was well above! 80 per cent of registered elec- tors and in some pls es topped 90 per cent.

in March after General Douglas eastern flanks of the battleline. MacArthur, then the. Supreme

ENEMY WITHDRAWS Commander in Koren, issued an

A pooled dispatch from the

Christian Democrats won a unauthorised conditional ulti-

cast-central front quoted an majority in 55 of 62 communes matum to the Chinese

oficer as saying "the rout in Milan Province that reported mander to surrender,

Chinese retreat results of provincial of the phase

elections. Officials cald today that al-

seems to have ended."

Results were due from 183 though no final decision was The enemy," he said, "ap others. Milan Province ક reach d on the March truce narently

withdrawn the governed by w Moderate the Chinese troops. clalist administration. statement, there was no reason bulk of to

that it did not ex- North Koreans are being suppose press in general principles the thrown into the line and they views of the United States and are slowing our advance.”

the

In

So-

Bologna Province, the percentage of electors voling

allied

13 other United Nations Allled troops pushing north-ranged from 90 to 99 per cent members fighting in Korea,

west

toward "Yanggu on the and in the city of Bologna

sprawling Christian The proposed truce statement eastern end of the

Democrats, asserted that the Chinese Com-Hwathon reservoir gained only with Republicans. and Liberals, munists had been driven back 2 miles during the day. They were leading the Communisis the 38th Parallel in Korea, were hit by small arms and and allied Socialists 2-1, uc- and invited them to cease dre negotiate outstanding

ж

and

Issues.

The issue of a a truce state- ment by President Truman, on behalf of tho Unified Com- mand, would undoubtedly be

donounced by

morlar

to Rome's Giornale Conservative news-

General MacArthand others May 20 and May 27 exceeded 34.661 voles and Come

were

Are.

cording The Allies in Inje were un- d'Italia, der sharp Red artillery fire. paper.

of Mr Dean Acheson, the Inje is four miles north

In Premier de Gasper's no- American Secretary of State, the 38th Parallel and 28 miles

tive city

of Trent, Christian said last week that the question inland from the East coast.

rearguards, in- Democrats won 20 of the Coun-, Other Red of negotiating a peaceful settle

and were

ap- North Koreans, cll's 40 seats a cluding many ment in Korea would be

Com- tried to

the Allied stoy for the Unified

ad-parently ahead in virtually all massey

pro. the Western municipal voting in the mand or the United Nations vances on both

vinco. Good Offees Committee.

and Factor flanks.

A surprise was the relative The number of Chinese, pri- soners taken yesterday dropped show of strength by the Neo- off sharply after Sunday's Fuscist Italian Social Movement cord of 3010. The total num- (MS), which polled 7,440 votes of ber of prisoners taken between in a group of Milan districts Christian Democrats in this country as appeasement. 5,000. Most of them

munista 32,855, Moderate But the reaction

bo might Chinese. different if the proposals for a

Lieutenant General James A. Socialists won 14,001. *Van

US Eighth Army In Trent's final city vote. truce сале on the

Faid

whero Christian

Democrats Comm bility

fatly that whe of the United

nerve" polled 17,777 votes to 2,400 Good Offices Committee, › ... the enemy lost his

after falling to for the Communists and 8,255 Some diplomatic officials here and retreaded belloved that, In view

for the of the crack the Allied defences

pro Commiunist defeat of the Chinese Com- the one-central front in the Socialists, Premier de Gasperi's munista latest offensive, the second spring offensive on May Party, showed a gain of 7,000 time had come for the Chinese| 10. Communists to make

The

Nations realistic

Valted Commander cautioned that peme offer.

The most important develop does not necessarily think

States means the war is over in the United polley In recent months was the PLENTY OF RESERVES cidents. In Bologna, Communist tatement of the Secretary of Gen. Van Fleet fold corres workers tried to dissuade late Defence, General George Marpondents that the Chinese army voters from going to the polls. shall, that the United States still has plenty of reserves and Police intervened quickly and would not new be in favour of great latent capabilities and voting continued. Associated discussing the future of For- Continged on Fere 10, Col. 7) Press

ment

a

11

on

.

over 1946 administrative · olec- Field lona The Communist were he down 1,000 and the pro-Com- this munist Socialists

2,300,

Thero

were almost no 'in-

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