1950-12-13 — Page 7

““THE HINGE OF FATE"

CHAPTER 37.

THE MURDER OF POLISH PRISONERS AT KATYN

After repeated grumbica

at the slow progress of the Tunisian campaign, and the consequent postponement of any Allled landing

Europe, Stalla appeared at the end of March 1043, in a more agrerable mood.

Thanking Mr Churchill Vic- lilm "Desert for the tary," he wrote: "The Alm how depicts magniflerntly Britain is fighting, and stig- matises those scoundrels (there are such people also In our country) who are 18- Is not serting that Britain fighting at all, but is merely an onlooker.

Mr Churchill had now to German con- explain that

centrations

at Narvik

shipping demands for

and

the

to

Stally operation combined Lo make It impossible resume the Arctic convoys

to Russla before September.

M

answer

Y full explanation and accounts were not wholly unre- warded.

Invaders.

By Winston Churchill

committed

A lot

cow raising to fight the German drawal of the Russian guarda crime having been

from the camps would have by Russin. I had heard offered, and when we remember about it from various sources, B Be contacts afterwards dur- but I did not attempt to discuss inst the period of Russo-Polish the fuels. "We have got to beat co-operation. bellef In this filter," I saki, “and this is no theory seems on act of falih. thne for quarrels and charger.*

inconveniences

The Poles, who had long been anxious about the fate of the large group of officers in the three internment camps, asked for their release in order to join

But nothing I could say or do I made one of my rare visits the new Polish Army, to which they would have been invalu- to Charlwell to spend the night prevented the rupture between abste About 400 officers were at my cottage. The telephone the Russian and Polish Govern- collected from other parts of

ments. Many Dounced that the Soviet Am- Russia. But not one from the Lador must see me at once resulted from this. Anyhow, we

camps now in German

# Int of the Polish throes could ever be found. No and was on his way. Maisky ar- had got explanation could be offered to rived in unusual perturbation. fighting men and many of their

out and children inquiries by He brought me a message from women repeated Polish

the hideous Russia. This beneficial their new comrades-in-arins.

charges which the Polish Gov-, still went on fitfully and I con-

in London had

formation and Unued the listed

and sponsored

Against Russia of the wholesale marier equipment in Persia

of three Gen. under divisions of the Polish officer prisoners, Polish the agreement of 1011 would be Anders.

immediately denounced.

Polish lenders, who now had access to many Soviet author- ties with whom ther were working and who were helping them form their Army. were conscious on numerous occa- sions of embarrassment on the part of the Russian officials, but no news of the whereabouts of the the 14.500 occupants of three camps was ever forthcom- ing, and no survivor ever ap peared. This naturally led to suspicion and friction between the Polish and the Soviet Gov- eraments.

Stan that after

ernment

I said I thought the Poles had to make or lend been unwise themselves to such

accounts, but that I earnestly honed a blunder of this kind would not entail a breach in their relations

the Soviets. I drafted with telegram to Stalin in this sense.

uf

procesa

avolded, and the crime Katyn

never was

detail.

American column

Divorce, no

crime,

says judge

From NEWELL ROGERS

NEW YORK.

stop

of | @HOULD judges probed in punishing the guilty

1

did

party in a divorce? Does such punishment help to break up homes?

The Soviet Government

take the opportunity of not

Yes, sald Judge Paul Alexan- clearing themselves of the hor

And he has been rible and widely believed accu-tier tonight, nation against them and of Divorce Court judge in Toledo, fastening the guilt conclusively Ohio, for 14 years. upon the German Government, He believes that the present some of whose principal figures marriage and diverce laws con-

in the dock on trial for tribute to family instability, were

"Take divorce out of the their lives. In the anal judg- ment of the International Tri- present, nearly criminal court," be said. "Let the judge decide bunal at Nuremberg Kalyn is

what is the real trouble, Let not mentioned in the section him find out what can be done! dealing with the treatment of to help. prisoners of war by Nazi Ger-

many,

Everyone is therefore entitled

"He should not be heavy- handed, ponderous, Judgmental, but sympathetic, understand- ing, and therapeutic."

Judge Alexander admila that

to form his own opinion, and some judges may flinch from there is certainly no Lack of becoming doctors of heart- material in the many books that che instead have been published by

the

heart-break.

of Judges of

Polish leaders still in exile from Не urged a go-slow on At Nuremberg their country, and in particular divorces for couples married

those writen by Mr Miko-

less than three years. lajczyk, the former Polish Prime

GROCER John Blair took Minister, who joined the frat

orders from farmers mowbound Polish Government after

outside Washington, Ohio. Then war, and by General Anders,

he shovelled the snow from his smoll runway, took off in his

In the trials of Nuremberg for war murder of the Poles was mentioned in the

ment of Goering The

011

Stalin, from April 12, was more friendly than usual.

"The speedy development

The evidence

in

Gen.

The war rolled on. The Cer- of the Anglo-American ad- mans deld the territory

the camp had stood. vance in Tunis constitutes which

Nearly another year passed an important success in the ly

1943. April In war against Hitler and Sikorski [the Falish leader] Mussolini. I wish you to kill came to luncheon at No 10. He the enemy and capture as told me that he had proofs that Soviet Government had

the many prisoners and trophies the

murdered

15,000 Polish as possible.

offsets and other prisoners in their hands, and that they had. been buried in vast graves in that you th

forests, mainly

around are not giving respite to ler.

Katyn. Ile had To your strong and successfu!

"We are delighted

bombing of the big German evidence.

rities we add now our air raids on the German

a wealth

of

dead, industrial cen- I said, "If they are

do will bring of East Prussia. Many nothing you can

He said he could thanks for the film depleting then back."

that the results of the bombing of not hold his people, and

already rchased all Essen. This film, as well as all they had

their news to the Press. the other in which yull promise to send, will be widely shown to our Army and pop- lation.

to

Without informing the British Government of its intention, the Polish Cabinet in London issued a communique on April 17 staling that an approach had been made to the International in Switzerland 10 Red Cross

delegation to Katyn to send

the spot. conduct an inquiry on On April 20 the Polish Ambas- sador in Russia was instructed

of the Russians "Our people highly appreciate by his Government to ask for

the comments

The contemplated deliveries the cancelled uf fighters from convoys are of great value us. I am also very grateful for your offer to send us 60 Hurri

armed with 40 mm. canes Cannon.

the warm feelings and sym-

pathy of the British people upon the Germans story.

which have found expression in the creation of the Aid Russia Fund mentioned by you. Please convey to your wife, who is at the head of the Fund, my thanks for her untiring activi- lies in this sphere."

A breach

A breach now

German report

On April 13 the German wire- less publicly charged the Sovieti Government with the murder; of the 14,500 Poles in the three und proposed to hold camps,

an international inquiry on the We cannot spot into their fate. wonder that the Polish Govern-

M. Maisky proceeded to argue the falsity of the accusation, and guve various reasons to prove the physical impossibility of the

Germans at crimes the at Katyn Indict- and others, who laid the White Book of the before Investigation German the court. It was decided by the Governments con- victorious cerned that the issue should be

the

World Copyright reserved. Repro-light plane and delivered the duction. even partially, in аты language. strictly prohibited.

goods by air-drop.

tre being

MORE TOMORROW

The author of these memoirs (centre), bemedalled and with the famous.

cigar in his land,

seen with Mrs Churchil and Feld Marshal Viscount Montgomery at the stlh Alamein reunion in London this year.

occurred be ment was attracted by this plan, at

Sitting on

Fence.... by

was like morning

Christmas

in the Sea

Nest. The family

sat

breakfast, munching

tween the Soviet Government but the International Red Cross Webb sausages. The post- and the Polish Government in

announced from Geneva that exile in London. After the over-th

man had delivered the let- they could not undertake any

running of Poland by the inquiry into the German alleters. Your Uncle Nat, open- German and Russian armies, cations unless a corresponding ing one bill after another, following the Ribbentrop-invitation to do so was received

was gradually losing his Molotov agreement of Septem-

thousands of from the Soviet Government.

appetite.

ber, 1939, many Potes had given themselves up

with whom The Germans, therefore, con- to the Russians, Poland

was not at war, and ducted their own investigations were interned. By further Nazi- Suvict agreements many of these were handed over to the Germans for forced labour purposes.

been

Then he opened the last en- pretty velope and out fell a pink cheque.

"Who's that from?" a chorus

NATHANIEL GUBBINS

Christmas. No motto like:-

The Gas Board hopes you'll

have good cheer.

No fuel cuts' in the glad New

Year.

One foot with my eyes shut and my arms outstretched. If I try it now I fall over. Do you think I'm too old for this now, doctor?

Not at all. Try

Dalo

LONDON advertised in New York news- und papers. For five guineas

up a week, American tourists are urged: "Enjoy your own home while in

in England." DOWNHEARTED? Do the war headlines look bad? A new volume of Franklin Roosevelt's personal fellers has appeared on the bookstalls. One set- lence: "What a privilege it is 10 be alive in this particular day and age!" F.D.R. wrote it in 1942, the darkest the last wor.

year

הם

SECRET AGENTS have dis- covered that Communists Bre

Instructions smuggling sabotage into America in sordine tins. The Instructions are further disguised by being con-

cealed between the covers of u pamphlet entitled "Official Foot- ball

And the agents Rules." are mystified by the fact that they are printed in Spanish.

MILK

has gone down about a half-penny & quart today; coffee up from 4d. to 8d, a cup. And the Government's cost-of- living Index has gone up, too to an al-time high of 174.8. prices in 1935-1939 being the 100 level. For more than 600,000 motor-car workers this means d. an hour more.

SACKED in Hollywood: the bank president who lent £12,- 500 to gangster Mickey Cohen. The loan was out of banker's own pocket.

the

the

on our feet to address our fel-

low creatures, an

Herbert

American,

V Prochnow, has written "The Toast-master's Handbook."

"If you want a sure Are story

to start your speech," says the blurb, "turn to Chapter 0 and choose one of the witty unec- dotes given there. For a jew well-chosen words to introduce

a guest speaker read Chapter 4. If you have to make a time-

furn to hopping ly response

Chapter

But it was the beginning of down the stairs that way. This 5." what may prove to be a beauti- should end your troubles once ful friendship and gave a chance and for all. A to reply in a seasonal spirit:--- note

Dear Gas Board may your days

be long

girlish voices asked. "How much is it for7" harder, more practient could be heard in the voices this time.

and a committee of experts, drawn from the countries under German influence, produced a

report claiming that of 10,000 bodies had found

in mass graves, and that the evidence of documents As prisoners of officer status found on them and the age of camot, under the Geneva Con- the trees planted over the graves

treated, the

that the executions vention, Soviets had in their hands 14,500 showed

dated back to the spring of 1940. Poles of whom 8,000 were officers when the area was under Soviet of the Polish Army, who were interned in three camps in the control.

be

Smolensk regions.

cluded

These in-

a considerable propor- professors,

tion of Polish intelligentsia, in-

cluding university

engineers and leading citizens

who had been mobilised

Pollsh reservists.

09

No record

through

Your Uncle Nat's volee, thick with toast and emotion, rang

the room liko muffled gong in a fog.

was

The cheque was passed from

Eventually in September 1943, the region of Katyn

vecupled by the Russians. Alter

Can you help me, doc- tor? Soon after eating food I feel as if I had swallowed a balloon.

And If you want to make an even bigger fool of the tren- bling creature who has sought | this easy way out of his dim- culties, cach member of his audience should be made .to read the book in advance and Maybe you have. A man once be supplied with a copy of it) swallowed a toy balloon he at the dinner. was blowing up for a children's drank English party. Every time he

Your Christmas

Merry

gay

and

"Me Chairman and

gentle-

"It's a present from The Gas With port type bottles at your

board Loard."

And Olde Worlde

slierrit.

soda water he became airborne May Mrs Gas and Uncle Gas and loated to the ceiling. In-

stead o

of whining about it no And all the little Gases

began a new career as a party men," the speaker begins, "by

would and entertainer

have way of introducing Enjoy their dins looked out lived happily ever after if he tonight I feel I can do nothing

of tins

hadn't exploded in a dentist's better than..........”

pas. And puds made for the masses, chair after a whiff of fur

Avold dentists and try to look on the bright side.

☆☆

the recapture of Smolensie a hand to hond. Although it pro- Until the spring of 1940 there committee composed exclusively mised to pay N. Gubbins had been intermittent news of of Russians was appointed

to more than £2 49. 84.

ΠΟ

the existence of these prisoners. Inquire into the fate of the coats were discussed on the From April 1940, silence

Polos of Katyn. Their report spot. A weekend in Paris was Are you fit? scended upon the three camps, saued in

January, claima

1044, trace of Not a single sign or

evacuated in time, owing to the their occupants ever appeared that the three camps were not planned to the last detall. for 13 or 14 months. They were onl

rapidity of the German advance, certainly in Soviet

power, but

and that the Polish

prisoners with no letter, message, escapes, or fell into German hands

and scrap of information ever came

later slaughtered, from them.

Became allies

When Hitler surprised

were

Цель

K GUBBINS answers below DR Your Uncle was so overcome

some questions asked by amazement tkat he some of his unhealthy readers neglected his Webb sausage wondering if they are it to face by till it grew cold. This sort of the winter.

thing had nover happened to Mr um before, except when Bloodsucker,

the

income-tax

This verston Iraplles that inspector, sent him a cheque nearly 15,000 Pollsh officers and for repayment of overcharges men, of whom there was no Tone November, and followed it cord since the spring of 1040; with another letter on Christ- the passed into German hands in

As a fat man aged 50, do you think I should be able to run up two flights of stairs, without blowing Uke a whale?

If you can't do this without

Russians by his invasion on July 1941, and were later dog man morning maying it was all blowing like a whalo, walk up.

*

At one time I kept my- acif healthy with a simple morning exercise. I used to bend forward with knees stiff, look between my legs at my wife in bed, and o' the mom- shout, "Top ing" twenty or thirty times. If I do it now I get pains in the head and back and feel dizzy. What do you advise? Sco a paychiatrist at once. If you still blow when you Or, better stiil, try your exer walk up, move into a bunga- cise on the roof-edge of a high low. If you still find it din building with a gale blowing. cult to breathe or move freely One day your wife will thank out of a bungalow me for this advice. Although the. Jetter

enclosed in and

don't send for a doctor. Sand with the cheque WOO not decorated with holly leaves,

for a carpenter. When we consider the post-it was friendly and sincere, and given bilities for escape which the saying it was a pleasure to re- high commands in the Polish confusion entlood by the German fund a deposit with interest to forces, which the Soviets were advance and the overtual with date. No wishing you a Happy

June 20, 1041, the relations be troyed by the Germans without

tween Russia and Poland

Land one single person escaping and changed overnight. They be- came hilles, Gen. Andors and reporting, either to the Russian other Polish generals, who had authorities or to a Polish Consul in Russia or to the Underground: hitherto been confined under Movement in Poland. rigorous conditions, including beatings, in Russian prisons, were now washed, clothed, re- lenned, welcomed,

a mistake.

*

·

Mr. Chairman...

"

our guest

"Turn to Chapter 4" shout! the audience, nelsily turning the pages of their books.

"When I was in a slmllar position," the red-faced speaker continues, "that is to say, when I was a guest and had to make a timely response....".

"You turned to Chapter 5"

to

"But as I am not a good speaker, and do not wish bore you any longer, I think 1 will end with on amusing story, or at any rate, it amused me when...."

ter 6"

"When you read it in Chap- chants the audience, Hand- of The Toastmaster's book by Herbert V. Prochnow, which contains 400 epigrams,

400 anecdotes, 1,000 quelacions

and 100 funny stories, price

Up to the are of 73's help people like myself, 328, port paid, or 328, Gd. cash

could balance myself... on

whose minds become n „blank_the_myment wo... afanıd

on delivery",

„(kondon Bagryan Bervice)

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