1950-11-11 — Page 6

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LIFE IS CERTAINLY FAR Another AHEAD OF US ON MARS

**THO

you

טתם.

:

for guological

The thermocoupla Thero seems to have been a co-opération, triumphs of co- have changed

we can't prova by that specialisation" "that" agos and the time in our own geological past ordinated gives you the when there were trees which we thought, when we started to that their minds haven't.

had manganese in their co- think of such things, were con- Mitution. And dually we have fined strictly to ourselves, to found that even

great-brained desture warld there are forms of vegeta- called man. Gen that do not um chlorophyll

HE image of Mars is very polat

nover steady long gives

spectroscope Tenough for our pro- other.

sent plates to take a

thermocouple shown perfectly clear photograph, that the licat is actually greater We do depend-and that above the green patches than on has made the canal contro- the rod gesert Now everyoad eray so duncult and even knows that air over a forest is altter-because we have to always cooler than air over even

red descri

•

on our

own the

The ants,

We used to think life kad only which, one way of getting up to, con- dirty

World Watching Us?

Chapter 10

If we take the skull of that Paleolithic man, Cro-Magnon mon, we find that in an lathe, wide, and high, and⋅ as roomy

But, says the crfile with as- inslow, ma ours, DUL URL bank eured: finality, call this is in the termites person have our civilisation, did vain. For beck aro, hopelessly of courto, though aho have our ideas or powers?

instindt-ridden": white, are not ants int He had not even the simplest be sprung from agriculture. He seems to have cidental crack or canyon in the

Fome

Bort of aspiring cock- been a very simple hunter. We blank Lace of things, and that roach-and thirdly ond most do not know that he had even familiar to U5 (веспиво of somehow, by blind luck,

long-superior power of leaked through, only to fall and fam perish at the top. But that pic making what we, need, autar)

docs not ture

seem, at ali

the bee, the, honey bee,

depend, on drawings made ory open d, et one ociousness, one very narrow at all but may oy astronomers, as moment by moment, for an instant, the imago cleara, and we 800 with a clarity that the photographic plato is too alow to record.

Well, then, is not everything speculation, and critica end bepeversal in the same boat of anting ignorance?. No,

For

the huge even before 100mm, telescope was brought to bear on our Mars mystery (and even it has not been uplu 10 give us a clear photo-for that we are waiting for the 200m mirror to be worked when Mars next comes close), even before our telescope power was what it now is, the spectroscope and thermocouple had got to work on the problem.

the

Life-blood

The spectroscope is a magic resolver of chemical questions. The Judgment that Mars has or has not oxygen and carbon- dioxide can be settled more or less by this means.

can

teil

The thermocouple what the temperature is on tho surface of the pianet

called

beia ΟΙ

"The buffet from the spectro scope is even more flooring-the spectroscope shows that the so-

vegetauon

same inevitable. patches don't give the spectral reaction inat coropiyal

So there is no reason that

ahould -the very substance and life-

not be life on there blood

our vertutti Mars-the planet is further out of should give."

than ub-0 million milca further out

New

victory

More acute

The ants have slaveA am! tures, Been, uy, against "cows" and till a fungus crop blank 'walj. and forage and store-yes and even (the only creature save ourselves to do so) have real enslave wara and capture and their captives.

idiocy of

They really don't know how they do it and indeed they, the individual bees, can do nothing a hut to live in.

about it and probably knigym - Ha mind, as shown by somo · nothing: · About · it,' about the. contemporary art and tools, whole process and economy. seems that of a ratner simpit the plan and sitha policy, ple mind, still at the level when, To this question;;Then who for instance, there comida, dors?

the, usual bellover "cidotic imagery" that is, instinct" gives a pollte - shrug the images

in your minds of the shoulders. to be objective pic- pearing

As to the basic a:'oven

· the` most · skilled of the .insecta ·wo`aro 'miked to look

át the widely publicized: Sphex / Wasp, whoss - abstardiiles: „no amused Fabre and mapy: RD- other naturalist.

This solitary whep, hovers as our own minds have uneasily on the edge

of: BP- It is also smaller than 'us, The termites are even more grown enormously in the fast

parent intelligence only, and and FO would have gone, acute actually running ahead

thousands of years always to tumble off-help- through the first stages of its of

wildest. "Eugenists" (though our brains may still Iessly on the side of complete For n Soviet astronomer history quicker. But it is of and breeding soldiers, mighty

the same substance as our warriors to defend their cost. take up no more room) so too senselessness. (perhaps they have a loyalty to

the becs minda

have We all know how it makes a red planet)

has medial trap-mouthed, termites showed from ceives, and that substance work on

the furthest north nourished le.

who can cut an Invader in halt grown, though, their brains ar

not larger thah their ances- with their hugo, Jaws. spruces" nd other epaiters that

tor these tree, which have to fabe hove sub-zero temperatures, already reacted to that danger by an amazing device.

Sull, there 19 ย counter attack to this revere check At Icast the thermo- couple's verdict of death cum v reversed.

Their inc, ΠΑΙΤΟΥ "lear" can hold heat, and actually Uiey, in point of fact, do create themselves a blanket of for warmth, to keep out the intoler-

•Able cold, under which they can muvive.

All we see in Mars is not an anomaly that opposes the hope of life, but, as a matter of tact,

new victorics,

of life's oat the beginning of which we are witnessing on our own fronter of utter cold.

There is no doubt it is ahead of uzend therefore could manage better with its more strenuously rationed resources than we could.

Partners

our

Indeed in the studies that fa the last fifty years have been made with the ants and the "But only vegetation, remem. termites it seemed that the poor ber!" comes the warning voice, bee' was being left behind.

has vegetation ever beon

We had thought that it was without mobile life the perfect model of efficient they both spring from self-effacing indust- to hold

But found didn't

right at the division

So

score

Brain

This

size

mud-cemont nest for its

egg which it hain't yet Jald. How, the cell all ready, it. Jaya is all the more likely the egg in the recapinsie. when we remind ourselves Then off it goes to...féích a further that the more efficient caterpillar to act food for a brain is the less, not the the grub which will come out more, room, it may take up, of the egg, in due time, a. due

mother that the We have discovered' that it is time

ए-33 the dept of ine convu.untas never see.

ny give us some better

of brain

t.ut

to mind

Some latos Race... memory

the same root-is not a yeast Up before boy and girl. of corelation

of the coured there was the ant, but than mere size. Ways can there be vegetation' the bee was better.

have very large brainEB.

banco had a brain and not animal life?

that was so. small as to be close

Aren't they partners?

And that in the conclusion of most Mars observers today. For there can be no doubt that gradually in the last 20 years the altitude that assumed "life

Mars" on

naturaj was the of human sentimen- is not anything like

na it was. Indeed, wo

First the spectroscope showed that the caps were not frozen carbon-dioxide but true frozen water. The very way they meit in "spring" shows that this is water-not dry lee meiting-or, one should say, water melting, Lafo is certainly far ahead of

reaction. for dry ice

tality doesn't "melt," it up on Mars, And we may ask, Vaporites straight away

sireng from for the question is crucial and down if life solid to go.

really decisive,

1-BL hore started under the

But the negatives counter favourable and protected con- attacked. "The caps are amply, ditions-in shallow sea pools, sheltered by spectrum near noar-frost! - their

the chore. shows that. Try to irrigate with warm mists and then has gone the flow from hoar-frost!"

clearing on, unser "colding" sky? What does that suggest?

"But the green patches do get green and lose their sere ap- pearance when the spring comes on the polar cap meltsi" "Ah, but we have two nice back- handers for your hopes on this

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Iron Peint

and

And further, if it has not only done that but, while conditions have become more simauda, i has climbed from the shore- (yes, and as Beebe has shown, ife has dived into the black of the deep, and in the form of those animals called Daphnis ho really quite nico sea slug Isnow parading the seven- miles-pown floor of the ultimate occan) if life has gone down and the is carrying up-why, It offensive against death, carrying the war right into the enemy's country!

Ds

may say that up to date-in the last three or four yeary-- Lifets have won mas! In- the farmed opinion from the Non- Lifers.

By

GERALD

HEARD

now the ant and the

scem oven more in-

A

BOTWITH

to that level usumy desocuried myt

"mucrocepânue with

when

not

That being no the caterpilla

oblige by doing two idiots." things-ons It must stay stil

by the egr : But the cuavommons, the acop walt to be eaten to.aings, were vary deep.

thut

to Become an has yet Funy

We consider eater, but, two, it must that We know very far less stay too still, that is, le in about a bee's brain than we alate...dead, or by the time the

the hatches about our own and our 'oater'

of knowledgo

would own. caterpillet our 1103 bran

proved quite composed. baffling in a number of cases--

The caterpillar in kept trea we must conc.uqe that we' can and lively for its enginy by do lille to study, still less to being stung in the hinder of underslund, a bea's mind by its nerve: ganglin, ao without look.ng at its brain.

refrigeration but with the aid

do

Far Simpler

What we must do is what we

when we

Wo

meal of

baye

de

paralysis it will be pre-

of abrved.

:

you

es," it is allowed, "there is vegetation."

Abother Soviet astronomer рда

in on come

this

This seems a perfect if frim les-

But materialist #ido. He has ded

procedure, showing a wander-- that the amount of carbon- termite

fat rense of provision

and this has been But, dioxide that is found on Mars dustrious, more self-effacing-- -or: in ita spectrum-is not as though the by-product of the do' with ourselves

proved again and again, while high as should be found if there one is not honey, but only went to gauge Intelligence. We the mother is off caterpillar- how the mind that is hunting, you can remove the were no vegrtation, but balances ant's, eggs, and the by-product watch

with the balance not of nicely

the other if you live using the body works what

Then egg from the call. vegetable fe would manake, where they work-your whole can it do, design, createf

can watch and sure enough- for, of course, it is the vegeta house Iterally eaten out over how that bees have come a the Sphex comes back with a

power of dealing with your head and from under your long way by that test. tion's

caterpillar, and never seeming carbon-dioxids and the en'mal's fact for wood, not dowers, Is It is pretty certain that they to notice that the org has gone

started for simpler

In their tho of dealing with oxygen their, dinl

d'etre of the raison power that make one of their girong-

But in any case the insects way of life than they are now whole proceduro-lt: proceeds .tp est symbiotic ties and mutual have given us many surprises. we started without gear to wall up the caterpillar services.

Tagy: pre intelligence incarnate and goods and plant and tools the empty receptacle and then

goes off content. in wit most surprising and and ellies and transport.

It is generally conceded thai: aven to the palat of being 4

It has good eyes, wonderfu the bees, who now have cities eyes. · Yet so blinded is it by little disquieting.

and an blotarchical society, instinct, that It Just can't see What: II. they should wish to

from solitary form, that it has been utterts Professor B. A.. Voronkov. take over? Be assured, tho came up

can't. They

From that they have bulls up took the wrong

It certainly is as pretty Life im't losing, it's winning. Velyeminov has declared that entomologists have replied, they many of which still survive frustrated.

thermo- the atmosphere on Mars con-

cities and the organtention of demonstration of something That tact of the

of population, having gone WIDOK cities, control "evolve lungs.

with in- didn't couple's finding interpreted in jains approximately the same turn long, long ago,

of carbon dioxide

breathe through homes supply, distribution of power, and stingt, with race memory, as the light of what we now know percentage.

Dr about the offensive fight, being as that on the earth, while

This is order of succession In carried on by our own trees Tikhov pointed out that there all over their bodies.

our own efförla along these. - (Works Copijright Landes: Expense It

one great

Seruice;2. ngainst the Arctia sub-zero cold, must be

has, therefore, without plant ille tho that fact may help us, too, to cause ant lie on Marg be. a very crudo way of respiration, ner so masterly, that beside. You could WIRD Z answer the spectroscope when the carbon dioxide content limitation, luckily for us it Fame lines still look very amu- pureus limits your size. The Insect scurish and dangerously ID.

competent. It says these so-called growths would be much higher.

...

Insect life

They

They

Little vegetable

twist

....

We know that it is because can never get large. on Mars aro not vegetation.

absorb carbon- For is chlorophyll the only plant-life con

dioxide and give out oxygen "life-blood" that a

that it is possible for us to gat the oxgyen we need and not be

the asphyxlated by

CO2 we

Ово of the largest in the breathe out.

tarantula spider, perhaps. But what sort of animal much as a couple of inches" in putting uxide

the question length of body, or a little more.

can use? Take our own blood. We use iron, which gives our gore ils tint.

Same substance whether there could bo a

:

vegetable that was as intelll. And we know the size of bee, But the crustaceana also have geni as an animal-what sort ant termite.

Besides, not only does their

a blood of a surt, And thought of animal could exist on such size make them helpless agains it la rod, they have made their a desert as Mars. crimson life-fluid out of a cop per base.

101.

Gerard P. Kuiper, their physique limits them

ther bandicaps

hopelessly), one Chicag

of the great

Ingeal-

He knew that Vanadium, a nuthorities on the atmospheres but their minds, too. rare element, fa used by vast of our fellow planets, said in ous they seem and maybe are. this but inventive no responsive to middle of March numbers of a 'small sca-creature the to make its blood.

YearNo form of life as

now. conditions: Beyer, matested. WeWhy? Because theo It has also been

on Mers down suggested know. It could exist that there have been forms of but Åsect 10, He that used manganese as d base for their life-fluid.

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Real crisis

millions of years agu. Before we had even thought of thinking they had done, for good and all, all of theirs..

Thoir Hittle, hard, encased bodies are not so hard and still shut up as their little. Anit rivated

Now It is at this point that we reach a real crisis in this and story there vegetation Instinet-bound there is pretty Certainly Insect inleds. We can and in amber.

Planic urther; we know how millions of years old, and may-

have gone with be scores of militons and more told, perfect examples preserved quito different af ants which are just like the Branches of the vast tree. of ants of today.

Of course, that argument has Idheet-Ilfe bave stretched up- each tha itown and achieved Ilttlo twist in that wa For Ways of social management, should note in passing. elaborate edonomics, masterly though fir bodies thay

o

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(MORE ON MONDAY).

Socialists Mild, Tories Bitter

(Beer can be prescribed for patients by toctors; under Britain's National Health Service scheme.-Neisa: Xtom)

Eleckthuns now 'd be just a larf!

Wot 'ope 'ave the Tories. KOL

W'en a cove c'n go ler is doc not 'arf!

An' be 'anded is National Pot,

Is tankard full o' the foamy ale Wot makes our foeman fear.

No wunner it makes ole Winston wall But 'ere's ler Nashuntil Beerl Nashuaul Beer by the barrel, boys, Wot the NH.S." prescribes, Stum as a Socialist enjoys

In spite uv the Tories' fiteat

3

We've stood, the blood an" the tears on" sweat Frum year ter blinkin' year. But it ain't too bad now we're goin' ‚ter 'get' Our spot of Nashunul Beer!

"Wiv Nashunul Toupee ter vide our plight,

Wäkhunul-Specs on nose,

An' Nashunul Teeth our beef ter bito We'll bear our mashumul worl

Wot do we care for Winston's wrath? It's Aneurih gets the cheer

From the workin' kuya la they blows than From their pints of Nashunul Beerl