1950-09-23 — Page 6

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ACKNOWLEDGMENT

I spoke Russian fairly fluently but, though I travollect, along, L- had little, occasion, to practise' it 'on people other than ́öftelning- quaintances; the ordinary Soviet Heltizen knows that to, be seen. talicing to a foreigner is as un- healthy an touching a lapar.

Those who did talk to me in | restaurants and railway compari- ments, uset the stereotyped cliches of Pravda editorials; would have thought they were reciting conversation pieces from a phrase-book.

оло

All this I registered with ap- proval: It was a healthy sign of revolutionary discipline and hol- shevik.

•

Slogans go :

The Popular Front

By Arthur Koestler

to Spain. That dimculty too was! overcome.

I had friends on the "Nowa Chronicleft in London tho "Now

anti- Chronicle" was violently France and stood no chance of having staff correspondent of its own admitted to rebel tor- ritory; so the Forelm Editor glad.

This is the Ah in a series of articles by two internationally-ly agreed that I should set as hin famed writers of their journey into Communiam and their even apeclat correspondent, providi tua} return.

•

At last, at last, the working] of Munzenberg and thought that einss was unfled again. In the the Comintern was a bogy invent. 1030 elections in Spain and ́ed by Goebbels. Fraisce, the Popular Front scored After the change of the genera massive victories,

line, deerced by the Seventh Con gross and the dawn of the Popular Front, Will's onterprises became truly dazzling.

that I ever gol into Franco Spa......

Recognised

I did get in, via Lisbon to Sevilla, but my sojourn was shurt. On the second day in Seville, which was then Franco's hood- quarters, was recognised and denounced as a Communist but thanks to the incredible Spanish He organised the Committee muddle, managed to get out in the for Peace and against, Fasciam nick of time vin Gibraltar. (the so-called Amsterdam-Pioyo Even during that short visit, nievement) prestried over by Bar- however, I had seen the German busse: the Wrllers Organisation pilots und Gerinali deroniques of for the Defence of Culture; the Franco's army. 7 published the Commitice of Inquiry into allego: facts in the "Nowe Chronicle" and Breaches of the Non-Intervention a pamphlet, and thereby in Agreement on Spain, and a scrie: curred the gocciat hodility of the of other international mushroom Franco regime.

ly grateful for the many kind events and inner rationalisational But while it justed; the Popular grow a genius of orgonisation. tured rix months later, as a cor-

All this was of course a direct consequence of tho change it Sovic: foreign policy: of Russia's entry into the Longue of Nations, I left Soviet Russia in the fall the victory of the Litvinov line,

paels with France of 1033; yet I stayed in the Party the

and for another four and a half years, Czechoslovakia, unil the early spring of 1035.. Again, in retrospect, one's me- My falth had been. badly mories of the Popular Front days shaken, but thanks to the cingile pro tainted by the ulterior know shock-absorbers, I was slow in ledge of the cynical insincerity conscious of the behind the facade and of the bit- Mr. J. Hennessey Seth and Mrs., becoming

Katherine Thomson are decp-damage. A number of external ter aftermath.

strong emotional ap- Front had expressions of sympathy in helped me to carry on and delay-

ed the final crack-up.

peal and n forvent 'mystique' as a their recent sad loss.

The most important of these mass movement. For me, it was a honeymoon with the was the Seventh Congress of the second Komintern In 1834 which inau-Party.

While I was in Russia, Hitler zurated a new polley, a complete nogation of the previous one but had come to power in Germany; to be put into effect, as always, so, in the autumn of 1933, 1 joined by the same leadership.

my Party friends in the Paris All revolutionary slogans, re-exile. The whole ited Block, with

AID AND COMFORT

J

The intervention of powerful, tank-led force from

an inspired popagandist, no more uncerupulous in his methods than ona had to be if one wanted to maintain one's position amidst the poisoned intrigues In the Comin tern.

A blography of Willi Munzen. berg, if it should ever be written, to the Dictatorship of the Proie- the Gestapo, was now reassembling documents of the period be ierlat were in one sweep relegated. here, in the Bitle hotels of the tween the two wars.

Left Bank. ed to the lumbar room.

"Tườ ̈inda of hobur carried a bouquet of talismun roses, and epelt of the talisman roses carried n bouquet of vivid red roses.”

And so ad infinitum.

•

;

"Tho Korean fighting may be Russia's Waterloo,

And 'R. an accepted fact that they don't want the atom bomb Eton them,

There is a weird rumour gɔ̃lüg Washington that one round general is not going to write his warthine memoirs.

"Pert Viv, looking a bit man and tired by her, heavy ghooting schedule..."

..

An erroneous impression, probably given by her inveterate habit of chewing plug tobacco.

*

•

Accordingly, when it was cap-

nuster butcher: In Bankrupt respondent with the Hepubilean Miami accused of too extravagant De WHIR all Fight Army, by Franco's troops, I was living, convinced that to be shot, without according to his Nights, and, and unpleasant preliminaries, was the in fact a steak in the community. best I could hope for.

while his wife thought him I spent four months in Spanish lamb. But he was too high a pricana, In Mainga and Seville liver, and mixed with others of his own kidney. Creditors sald Biost of the time in solitary con- finement and most of the time the firm still had assets,

Manchuria in the Korean con- 1 terences to the class struggle and the exception of those caught by would be one of the most reveal-nvinced that I was going to be they were determined to euet. ·

flict awaits explanation. Mean- while, the incident recalls General MacArthur's latest report to the United Nations on Korea which curried de- tails of aid in men and arms to the aggressors. It was necessary to do this for the record, and to counter the assertion of the Russians that they had supplied no War material to the North Koreans since hostilities began. The list of 10 specific items cited is more remarkable for its variety than for its volume, No political implications are involved, because the attitude of the Kremlin has been made clear beyond a peradventure not only by the carefully. planned invasion of South Korea but by the stand taken by the Soviet delegate, Mr. Malik, in the Security Coun- cil. Not even Kim Il-sung himself could have equalled it for unabashed partisanship. On the propaganda front, in- deed, it was hardly possible to distinguish between the Russians and the North Koreans.

The notion that we had over advocated revolution and violence was to be ridiculed as a bogy, re- futed as a slander spread by re- actionary war-mongers.

We no longer referred to our- solves as 'Bolsheviks,' nor even as Communists-the pubile use of

Union

On Bastille day 1035, in the Salle Bullier In Paris, acclaimed

the

D

Only a bogy · Will was the Red Eminence of international anti-Fascist

organised

movement.

the

Reichstag Counter-Trinl the public heurings in Paris and Lon- don in 1935 which Brst called the attention of the world to the

Jti the

Spanish visit

On July

shot

•

裁

ana

Jumpa from.one tree to anudder, Full of Jive and jolts,

He pinches nuts--and bolts.

"British troops in Korea have beeth Improving ticle Army rations with succulent cleanings from the countryside."

Then I learned that, in the Russian mass-purges, my brother In-law and two of my closest friends had been arrested,

All three were members of the

Grst

It was originally felt this was German

Dr. C.P.; the Ernst Ascha was a doctor, poll-too much to soap for. tically naive and indifferent who worked at a lato hospital

-

When, in June 1037, thanks to' "One of the students', 'mest the intervention of the British

productions' was The next five years were for They were replaced by a brand

Government, I was unexpectedly successful new facade, with geranium boxes me years of near-starvation, com-

Cortainly 16, 1038, Genera set free, iny hair had not greyes Anatomy and Cleopatra."" in the windows, called Popular pensated by heetie political activi-

was somo babe. Lito ancient Front for Peace and against Fasties. Its centre and motor was Franco staged his coup d'etat. and may features had not changed

Romans used to call her, sides clem. Its doors were wide open Wule Munzenberg, head of the went to soc Wilt and asked him and I had not developed religious "The Body" as to all men of goodwill-Socialists, Agit-Prop. for Western Europe to help me to join the Spanish Re-mania: but I had made the ac

publican Army; this was before quaintance of a diferent kind of Catholics, Conservatives, Nation and Germany."

The squirrel with his bushy alista,

He was a short, siceky man of the International Brigades were reality which had altered my out-

formed.

look and valios; and altered them

rudder paletarian origin; a magnetice per-i

driving

hed brought my passport so profoundly during the first of immense sonality power and harzi, seductive along; it was a Hungarian para-days of freedom I was not even

port. Willle looked at it absent-aware of it. charm.

Koestler quits He broke with the Comintern mindedly: as an inveterate pra 1936, six months after myself, cunt pagandist, he was not enthusins- tle about writers wasting their was murdered in the summer of 1940 under the usual litrid and

une digging trenches.

In the passport was my Press the word was now rather frown-mysterious circumstaness.

card as a Paris correspondent of ed at in the Partywe were just

the Poster Lloyd. I led never simple, honest, peace-loving anti- Fascists and defonders of demo-

written a word for the "Pester cracy.

Lloyd," but every self-respecting Hungarian emigre in Paris wan

This mysterious columa, from equipped with a Press card from

in the Valgu German-Republic.. Manchuria can hardly be much one Budapest paper er another,

The necusation against him as

stranger than son of the to obtain occasional free theatra I later learned, was that he was columns we read in Hong Kong.

saboteur who hnd and movie tickets.

injected Will's eyes suddenly brighten-phills into his patients, that cd; he had an idea.

he hatt demoralised the people by Why don't you rather make a pretending that venereal diseases Thien came the series of Brown Cachin, embraced the Social-Fas- pole, a flowd of pamphlets and trip to Franco's headquartere for were incurable, and thirdly, de omigre newspapers which he the "Pester. Lloyd?" he suggested

a matter course that he was cist reptiin Leon Blum and kissedi him on both checks...

Half of the audience erled, the financed and directed. though his "Hungary is a semi-Fascist coun- agent of a foreign potter... SED PON1-Wlintˇls ́·lgusour rock?

try; they will welcome you with

He hus never been heard of other half song the Marsellialse" me nowhere uppeared.

International open arms". produced

cince his arrest 13 years ago. Congresses Committees,

excel- Mud too thought it was on

The other two were Alox followed by, the Internationale.'

lent Iden, but there were Movements as conturer pro-lent

som Welsaberg and his wife, Eva.

For reasons which will appear complain, but what's the ewes? Firstly, the have known. And, of course, duces rabbits out of his hat: the hitches.

Commilleo of Reilet 1or the Vie

"Pester Lloyd" further on, I have to tell their

A golf course can ruin a man's the article repeated at the end ns of Fascism; Committees of would never agree to sending pic story in some detail, Alox, a of it all, as if under inner vigilance and Democratie Control: but, then why bother to laterm physicist, was employed at the temper, and the reverse is true,

Congresses them of my going? In the muddle Ukrainian Institute for, Physical too As for Peking's part in this, compulsion of conscience, the International Youth

of a a civil war, nobody was like and Technology (UFTT); I had there was an eloquent, silence known lie that the South and on.

Each of these front organisa-ly to take the trouble to check known thom both for many yearı: for many weeks. Silence in Koreans invaded the North. tions had a panel of highly re- my accreditation.

en had stayed with them "in Secondly, othar Foreign corres-1 Kharkov. such circumstances implies Normal journalistic codes spectable people, from English strong disapproval. Then, as do not apply, of course, to the duchesses to American columnist pondents might think it fishy that

and French savants, most of poor Hungarian paper the aggressors chances seem- professional Communist re-whom had never heard the name serfling a special corresponden ed to improve, Peking broad-porter. And there is so much ***** cast more and more pro- basic wickedness and im-]: paganda from Pyongyang. It morality in the Communist reached a climax when, just machine, since the struggle for before the dramatic landings internal power in Russia

by a delirious crowd of many monstrous happenings

the vciorant Com-Thiri Eelch. thousands, leader.

munist

Party

Marcel

He

, ... 1

หาง

(To be continued)

Co-operation with the U.S.

vocal about their

By "Windrush,” Special Correspondent.

..

"Want bans, lifted."

Flance that Chop probably got cold feet at the last minute.

"A. Ewe's milk-unless they happen to be bottle bobles."

One

"write" "in could

and

A spiritua

revival

at Inchon which altered the transformed what was once The Korean crisis, and the

problem is very much harder. Eronomically, the life of Gronk whole milltary situation, the an idealistic movement, that Anglo-American co-operation

Britain is tied up almost painfully close with that of America. Qh. New China News Agency response in the sense of shock which resulted from it, may

viously, if Great Britain formed tirculated throughout the is hardly to be expected. No. hasten new developments in

part of the United States, there country a very long and body moved a 'muscle as Mr. Anglo?American relations

would be no 'doilar criste.” But ot what cost would this come about? slanderous effusion by the Vyshinsky returned to the which would otherwise have London "Daily Worker" cor- scene of so many "triumphs come about much more slowly.

It is true that a minority of much in common, there is between America might have every with to and how promote the continuing promerity respondent. More space was in New York, or even thought people in Britain have. opposed Enitain and America,

IRICE

But the given to this than even to the more than momentarily of his the very fose collaboration with different both these countries are of the British

born very from all the other countries of mere fact of complete economic

union-the neceptance of a com whole Common Programme of great role in the semi-judicial America. They have

dislike of the world,

currency, common tariff, the People's Government. Re- execution of all but a few of America. They have made the-Superficially, Britain and Ame-mon ports and statements by the paladins of his own most of the partial disagreement rien ny seem do contrast with and so on-would force automa

one another. But It is the under-tically a drastic recasting of the leaders of the Feking official, Farly. He more than any over Formosa. "comforts party," headed by other single figure blackened So the impression may have lying things which matter. The entire econonile, structure of the The Socialist policies, which the Li Li-san and Kuo Mo-jo, after the minds and hearts of these crown up abroad that Britain is political system of cach, is based Eritish Isles

in two minds-about its relationanthe rule of law, a ruspuct for

Char

supported, their return from Koren, men, once the historic figures with Amerien. But this anti-the-right of the individual, and British public. were moderate and modest in of the Party and the Revolu- American party consists chiefly on a inore or less common tom- whether wisely or unwisely. these consequences were examin comparison.

tion in a way that has not the extrame left-wing of the perament in the handling of would all be jeopardised Al

Labour Party and of the fellow-domestic political affairs. The Koreans are a pretty parallel. Either they were travellers. The backing which Surveybig the scene, some rond and dreund bustl brutal lot when they go on nit, each and every one of they have in the country. is loctive onlookers have begun to ear ago whin Britain's comic. wonder whether the time is not prosports wore of their gloomidsi the rampage, and there is no them, as unutterably vile and light. artificial boundary between vicibus as the Prosecutor that the overwhelming majority Anglo-American co-operation Essential 10 was anteed that It can be said perfectly truly reply drawing noor when the and strijo dmslie comedy soume: them in this respect. But the made out-in which case of the country approves entirely should be given a more sopou economie union was not practica

politics.

From Oberammergau, homo- chief design of this execrable every Communist takes colour of the action of the Labour political expression. If America piece of propaganda reporting therefrom-or the great Com- Goverment in backing American, the Commonwealth could Strangely paradoxical of the world-famous, Passion

purposes of

Play, "come facts and figures was to insinuate that the fades were the victims of a over Korbs, There has been form, for.

the affairs, one majestic unity, the ..to Americans were "directly soulless and pitiless persécu- complate - co-operation of war chailces of permanent peace would doxical. The mood in Britain is that according to Oberam- responsible for what happened. tion outranking the most time

spreading in the prisons and elsewhere famous episodes of this sort] ngeuys, English 'people may be immenady increased: This is ready for dramatic notim in- gly. mergau officials polit to a

admire everything in theen old dream of polleat pro-ing, formal, expression to Anglo-spiritual revival

units through Europea would assist in stabilising when the South Korean in history American way of Utc. But they phots in Great Britain since the American unity Such

recognise the need for an Anglo-ent of the last century.MY officials were forced to To the average man who Amerlennallaabs the need by This does not mean that ever world situation, gandrally Kettendance at this year's Play now very many people in England seems that Uttie useruiners can be an outlined il expectations with nearly 200,000 people crowd- evacuate Sedul and other conducts his life on certain both sides, jahirak et

union other

glent auditorfuin. had not then intervened on truth and honesty, such amme in 1940 and 1947 by Mr. Is no likelihood of Great Britain relatively lille publicity. the ground, and for a month things as these are quite in- Ernest Beyin, when he resisted as a whole England. Scotland, service departments and econo: In this year's audiotrowers 3,000 Britons 10,000 Americant, after they had begun to land comprehensible. What is im- the Wollan pressure from a ses-Wales, and North Treinnd, sepa mle department of the govern- in Korea they had all their portant to translate the ton of the Labour Party to break thy home content straments, and faster cooperation the majority Occupation is

the links with Amerien and to try of the American unioni Jut there is the institutions of the United

onnel 3,500 Dates, 1,000 Sweder, moms of the mortal struggle to run a socialist and rival for is a strang care for trying to Nations ankh Allenic Pa and hundreds of tourists from de Mongerentetin new "confedorticy, hl Perhaps the best course to far afield as Canada and South for personal power in the bird" policy."

genuine political-sinion of Great leave this co-operation to bring Kremlin into the morals of

Britalit and the United States about ericser union in the ful-frist cuch of the 33 per- Chess of Lime and by means which formances given so far: every one future vente will determlie and Die 3,200 edols hur been taken Thefo was, too, a long Only then can it be reallled Ong of the first results of this Need for thought

has been warning of fe

which cannot but he foreseer and many, as 600 people have tirade about the bombing how much evil and how new mood baustasin Toning Hovi, bulu lich con- Yet understandably me pugnik Wate

Watched the

one from all of which, of course, was, Satanic are the forces, the free Council of 7 Europe which looked federacy go? Here is the grant in Great, Britons are finaattanta, lng room

for an intimate union - Of ORGSt Edmeikties," and "hatë Is the Neff [For their main horiei fiexblond Spa trent in: expressly designed to wipe world hos to reckon with.. out civiljaht, residential areas, The more events pregi upon Britain with the West European for constructive thought, in prnt-not the ecch and inoffensivo villáj Since Poking the wisdom of a real countries. Very low pompie idee union need not perhad he the pefluen

Engiant have loken any rest involve o mush krekler merking of night, brug. liby, the surest"in this year's procuadļjiga

turning back

The result is strangely para-

ing into the

cities. The American forces almple but basić, principics of Along with.' this has come, a would think seriously of retual:dorie in comenting themone, with some 20 ytarz, ago the playgoers new appreciation of the work federation with America. There, than is albendy being T the mumbarod, fewer than “AGO,QUIA - SI

work and time dit out to stem

the tide of armed aggression and none at all to devote to other matters

then the

Phaxa ofleid

the bombin)

the struggle for world power.

cane Independence

Aut

Unreality

benefit

per Zonsidering

boon

the

all their