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HISTORY IN THE

MAKING

THE CHINA MAIL, WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 16, 1950.

Red star over China--No. 3:

HOW "PEOPLE'S CHINA"

IS

GOVERNED

By a Chinese observer

The Government

There

the

Communist

Special zone

Good

Tho "China Weekly Review" is to come out once monthly.

Readers

reactionarica" by their armed

ment camps, or to face the fring two choices are open: either to month. forming themselves in the intern- give themselves up and start "re-

forces. For these elements, only order arc being urged

set-

all the for-

next week's copy

to nox

Ten thousand coloured comic bóókä have been presented to the .. U.S. Marines.

-

Oh, I don't know. I've

met

You mean

and

It is za.

en-

the

of

Judicial Russion and Mongolian territories. mer "underdogs" are in the sad everything?,

die--new faces,, new political:

make a

jargon.

•

akipping around, barking. And

Aircraft carrier Theseus, says

On the whole, the Chinese Communists had little to fall Reporters & General Office B2E1 governing China besides their cratic within itself," but "dicta- Middle-South Political Zone, and

back upon when they began

to be "demo- the East China Political Zone, the "New, Democracy" doctrine, torial to the outside world a boundless zeal, and some to the reactionaries." In its actual

and the South West Political Zone. lop-sided experience acquired operations, it is a "democratie tical Councils"-one for each of

are five "Military Foll-rounds. This is Stogo One.

Class struggles in governing the hilly areas centralisation" tapering off from them. The appointments

a wide base upward, with Chair- their members and Chairmen by ΟΙ

No one thinks of the historian in the South and in the cave-

man Mao Tse-tung of the top.

To follow up, they foment the of the future trying to write an honeycombed outlands in the

the Coalition Government were, local "class-struggles" of workers eple piece about the troops going North.

Three documents however, only formal, for all the va capitalists, of tenant-farmers up to battle with the colours When they took Talnan

The PPCC adopted three do- nominated men were there hald-V. landlords, of counter-jumpers flying. Shantung in

cuments: (a) "The Common ing already the respective posi-, shopkeepers, of daughters-in- 1948, many had Programme of the PPCC, even to learn how to use an elec-The Organic Law of the Chinese appointed by

()tions anyway. They had been low vs, mothers-in-law etc., etc.

Report from Lake Geneva gays All in all, anyone with a grudgo trie light switch. As for govern- People's Republic Central

Gov- Party Central Committee (the against anybody else under the the escaped, croc has croaked. ing, they frankly admitted that crament," and (c) "The Organic Politburo). These new appoint- old social order can

now step they, for once, "didn't know Law of the PPCC" what to de about it." Never

ments are in truth no more than forth and go "class-struggling "Mongolians revolting." before had they governed a big to serve both as the legal basis quo."

These documents are meant acknowledgement of the "status

against their "oppressors."

Mao Tse-tung himself to on re- some very nice ones. city of 000,000 souls.

cord that the "grudges are every- and as the guiding principles of With a country of 450,000,000 the National Assembly, the PPCC

where; as for the classes, well it's suddenly into their lag, the feel- will act in lis place for the time

The operation is relatively The recent tribute to the ing of Inexperience must

Of these five zanes, the North all up to us Communists to creat safe, the scientists said. It has have being. The PPCC will, og supu- East stands in a class by itself. them." This is Stage Two. overwhelming.

bocn tried on about 30 dogs. American 24th Division ex-been

Inted, elect a Central People's It is the most powerful one sa When the dust thus kicked Yet they want nothing short of Government Counell of 36 mem- for as industrialisation and na-i by the "class-struggles" hasFive of them are alive and well." presses what most of us feel

totally new political experi-bers in which "all the polvers of tural resources about the remarkable per-

fled, Stage Three the local people Res. Then jumping. All the ment. formance of this unit in Koren. both the statute and the com- tive,

laws of the land, the State" the military, execu-veloped on three sides by

ieglslative, and The troops were suddenly non laws, they assert, were scry-powers-are invested.

ing the interests of the ruling

In a sense, it is independent

The Communists torn from easy, peacetime life

Once elected, the Central Peo- China proper; and its Chairman point of Alling all the political local report, "has a complement classes" were "feudalistic. ple's Council will be supreme, Kae Kang, is all powerful within offices, from the County or District of 85 men

who of occupation in Japan with-

bureaucratic,

and out either tactical or psycho- and, therefore, must go overboard is no way to recait or

reactionary" and, so far as the law goes, there the area.

level up, with all their hand-pick- C+ This Zone, which alone

has logical preparation for the and be scrapped in one stroke. organise it. ordeal ahead. They went in

For almost

10 months, from Similtaneously, the

Chairman one through the three years ofed peasants, workers, and Com-pocket warships.

munist Party "eetls.” They are intensive land reforms, is now October January to ber in 1949, of the Central People's Counc!!

called by the Communists the

wearing itself will, instead of being se-Possing gradually once plunged into battle

went along literally without laws bers, be also directly elected by its industrial equipment and ma- against a foc whose armament and a regular government, except the PPCC,

they, on their part, call the Com-n golden opportunity. fore the Russians stripped it of

[01|munists "Liberators." and clan are only now realis- Communist Liberation Army, and It is not on record, though, that an over-all Communist Party, o

There will be slx

The Fourth Stage will be a "King George for Scotland," chines in 1945-40, this Zone once Census; Fifth, (Presidents).

'an out-and-out Of course it is St. George for ed, held the North Koreans up

cent of the closer organisation of the popu- England. for days at a time in one of

Presidents are elected for fe, China. This Zone will probably the Chairman and the six Vice- industrial establishments of all lace. the most difficult of all actions,

Then, as the social order settles nor does it say when their tenure through the industrialisation stage new Government takes increas

passing gradually to a new pattern, the and have been fighting con-

la to expire and how the next tro tinuously for six exhausting

ones are to be elected. Both, and will soon reach the stage ingly definite shape. Places whero weeks. Their performance is

therefore, in letter and in spirit, of Communism. It is therefore the five stages have been con- the aflcial the

than the sumated, are PPCC has governed differently all the more striking in the

considered to be "old-liberated" arcar. Then land light of the setbacks sustain- was meant to come down to the

Of the other four Zones, the East reforms are next on the agenda. "She is a grandmother of 48. ed by the fresh troops who fundamental of governing China. The establishment and in-Chinn Zone is "half-old-lberated, In all areas. new or old- and mother of four."

However nobody came into the campaign a

had any idea auguration of the Chinese peo- and half-new-liberated. North liberated, alike, however, the And they each had 12 of a month later, and who might they really wanted, exceNewman, were proclaimed and salut-u

about what klad of government ple's Republic, its Central Gov- Chine

The "old-llberated." aurament Council, and its Chair- Middle-South, "half-eld-liberat Communist Party and the Mili- family? Gracioust

tary Control Counell are the all- and "half-new-ilberated." powerful organs. They are ac- vague, much generalised

I1 has been discovered in Democracy." A preliminary harded by volleys of guns in Peking, And the South West, "new-tually running the whole show on Georgia

sto" A

that an apparently berated." A new line nut for the PPCC to crack was in October, 1949.

that place

has the scope. They make all the penniless mental patient was heir been taken for a period of one appointments. They are able to to a large fortune. question of the fundamental of governing began. structure of the State to come. China, as things stand in 1950, year upwards is called

"old-velo

there in the locali That's crazy. Afterm

many platform bicker- Is divided politically into five liberated" otherwise, "Dew-"Hovments" without anybody! ings and behind-the-scene inant- major Zones each with several liberated."

on hand to veto them except big- pulations, the PPCC settled dow: Provinces under it; the North The Communists begin their wigs in the Army and/or in the! to a State

with o through-Party itself of four classes based East (Manchurian) Political Zone, Government

much higher on the workers' and peasants the North China Political Zone, 1 going suppression of "bandits and plane. union through the leadership of

to

Into a

•

pro-

Obviously one

of these

Girls

these

vest

now

|piecemeal, were almost at China, incredible as it may sound, lected by and among the mem- grumme of industrialization. Ba "musters" of the country. But one-piece bathing costumes waist

never have landed in Korea

but for the precious time gain- ed by the resistance, of the 24th Division.

some so-called People's Tribunals here and there and the accom-

panying chaos.

Vague ideas

Vice-Chairmen

claimed 40-50

the

per

first

In September, 1940, the Peo- ple's Political Consultative Coun- cil was convened in Peking. "elected" as a Chairmon is ac-other Zones in China proper.

the

the

tually a Dictator.

Dn

a

Men, women and memories

•

By ATTICUS

conventional situation that one of

no

It was the example and in- spiration they gave that brought about a swift revival of the morale of the South Korean, forces, who were overrun and panic-stricken by the Communist Party." The four the sudden tank-led onslaught classes stipulated are the Worker of the Northerners, and might tional Capitalist Class, and the Communist Party. The four- have melted away in a fort-Bourgeois-Middle Class night. There have been no The nature of the State is also

Of the 15 national delega-

Yugoslav Government 1s surrenders of units among shown by the national emblem

olente, I gather. It means seven adopted by the PPCC. On

tions which entered the new th them since the Americans ap-red ground are "one

hours of slogging toll every day, big star Council of Europe building

roughing it in wooden shacks peared on the scene. They among four small stars."the at Strasbourg the Germans

and eating the plainest food. The have fought with a vigour ret

red ground symbolises Com-

Cowes Week. It is an office that Ambassador's son was one of o munism; the big star represents feel most at home as they is liable to call for the exercise score of Britons who were rivalling that of the aggrese Communist Party, and the take their seats, and the Bri- of great tact, though I have no first foreign workers to receive the sors, though they have been in four small ones the above-saidtish least, even though it is yet heard this year of any in-shock worker awards this year, the field from the very be four classes, ginning and have been tested the Government will be a sort of into Europe's deliberations his predecessors once had to deal So long as the PPCC exists, Germany's first official entry cident to compare with the un-

On the dotted line I have received 1 revealing in continuous retreats and; Coalition Government, with the since the end of the war.

with.

story from Poland, and can vouch holding actions which ought delegates of the various, so-called The reason for this paradox is It arose through the behaviour for the facts. to have broken their spirit. "progressive" political parties an architectural coe, The new of one of their own members, Sir One of the Western Consuls in

The importance of this is was, furthermore, to be a "de- character to

participating. The Government Strasbourg building is as aldia in Claude Champlon de Crespigny, Poland was in his garden when the new Federal the veterant balloonist. When hotwo young Polish Communists. as great in a political as in a mocratic People's Dictatorship. Parliament building at Bonn as it was well past 80, Sir Claude, ac- called to collect signatures for the military sense. Whatever

is totally different from the House companied by Ludy de Crespigny, so-called Stockholm Peace Mant- happens in the end, Koreans sance revealed itself on one is reminiscent of a modern factory, landing stage at the

of Commons, While its exterior went bathing from the sacrosane: festo. Obviously

young Castle a men had no idea of their victim's will have to govern them-side alone in Korea. It was the debating chamber inside Is Cowes. A member rushed in to profession or, for that matter, of selves and put the country the deep desire for national dominated by a raised presidential see the Secretary, the Secretary his nationality. There followed back on its feet. It can never unification, not merely the platform from which, M. Spaak halled a committeeman, who in this conversation: be done by foreign garrisons, arid doctrines of dialectical controls the members of the As- his turn sought out the Commo-

Communist; "Do you sembly seated in a semi-clrcular without costly and incessant materialism, that gave the pattern on the continental style.

dore, the only person who could live here?" deal with such E unbeard-of

Consul: "Yes," anti-guerilla campaigns which North Koreans their fighting

transgression of rule and custom, would reduce the land to spirit. The Kremlin had its

Special hotel?

Young Communist: "Then sign The Commodore, Sir Richard here." Last year the Hotel Molson Williams-Bulkeley, strolled over to

Consul fin anarchy and all that goes with own axe to grind, of course, Rouge was the focal point, diplo- the windows, watched the twe Polish): "What is it about?"

rather halting and armed and equipped them matic and social, of the Council of bathers for a moment, and then! Young Communist: "Never for the conquest by force. But, Europe's Arst sesalón la Stras-quietly rated that such an act was mind; just sign and be quick. as Pandit Nehru has said, Rus- deal less so since Mr. Bevin before of 80 years and more. That rul- who he was, the young men with-

bourg. This year it is a good a privilege reserved for members When the Consul explained | sian Communism will in the he left for London, with mem- ing. I believe, still stands today.

it.

Many have been astonished by the fighting powers of the Koreans, over and above the modern armaments they possessed. The disposition is still to think of them as they were under the Japanese-a tame, submissive, decadent

It may take some time to people, in whom all warlike drive this home, and the instincts had been destroyed Kremlin may still find others by centuries of stagnant sur- to fight its battles for it until vival in conditions of isolation the Communists in Asia them last year stayed in a villa well and peace, and half a century selves become fully conscious] outside the city, is this year living derstand reted warmly to

nd

end fall in Asia because it is ories of last year's scorching Soldier diplomat directed against the national Mrs. Bevin and most of the official weather, established himself, with

If General Sir Brian Robertson. independence of the Asian British delegation, 25 miles out who has been received by King countries.

side the city in the Grand Hotel Farouk on taking up his appoint- at Howalt,

the up in

Commander-in-Chief Vosges ment

Middle East, can mountains.

establish Only Sir Pierson Dixon, Deputy friendly terms with the King a Under-Secretary of State, is this did Field-Marshal Sir William time at the Maison Rouge. Slim, the CIOS., on his recent tribution to Anglo-Egyptian un- By contrast Mr. Churchill, who visit, it may make a major con-

The

combines the

with a new proof of the re-imperatives. But Titoism Guns and grouse his term in Germany, became

•

of denationalisation by the that behind the Communist in the centre. Now, I hear, there Japanese. Here, in the most faith to which they have be Council of Europe hotel which practical viewpoint of the soldier

who is some talk of building a special the CIGS, unexpected quarter of all, come converts lies Russian could house all delegations and with the suppleness of the diplo the world has been presented Imperialism with its ruthless officials.

mat General Robertson, during

naissance of the peoples of this even in a Slav race, with all

equally well versed in diplomacy, The pessimists, who live years Continent.

King Farouk, now an honorary its blood and racial ties with ago predicted that grouse were general in the British Army, has This was the mission, con- the Great Russians, was not already been confounded. The re-realities than most of his Minis- finished in the Highlands, have shown a keener sense of strategie scious or unconscious, of the an isolated incident. It was a covery began last year, and in ters and has worked consistently historic approach of the West, portent. It could and did spite of snowstorm in May for agreement on the military or which brought new life to the happen in Yugoslavia-it will prospects for the coming season distinct from the political plone. multi-millions of Asia, then happen, elsewhere.

are nearly up to pre-war average. It was he who evolved the formula submerged in hopeless Meanwhile the power that the "Twelfth" is unlikely to be fence Board which was

For another reason, however, for the joint Anglo-Egyptian De- anarchy as in India, or in life- stirs in Asia cannot be be as "glorious" on it was. There the basis of a new treaty hod to form less isolation as in China, littled. There has been nothing a serious shortage of good guns, negotiations not broken down on Korea and Japan. It is a pro- like it in many centuries. for the young men shooting is now

The old hands are getting older; the Sudan issue. cess that began long before It is strong enough in the end too expensive. the Bolsheviki were to devise and carry out its

This, shortage hits the pro- When the widely publicised heard of, and will con- own solutions, and in these rotors for bad shooting means Tito Highway between Belgrade tinue when they and both China and India will mours is based on results.

poorer bags, and the rental of and Zagreb was formally opened, the regime

an interested spectator of the they Intro-have an influence more power- Bad shooting also increase ne- ceremony was Jeremy Peake, the duced have passed from ful by far than that either of cidents, which In modern times, 18-year-old son of the British the scene. The peopics of the Kremlin or the West tons. Shooting at Fontainebleau Charles Peake,

howover, have their compensa Ambassador of Yugoslavia, Sir Asia are not destined to pass Each will find its own

Jeremy came to the country a from the light tutelage of the synthesis of the mighty rival and promptly made Berthier take few weeks ago with a British

Napoleon put out Massena's eye West to the shackles of the Ideologies and systems which the blame. Today a few pellets student youth brigade which is Kremlin. Than this, nothing struggle for supremacy in the from an American millionaire are building a new student city out

usually rewarded. could be more certain even in world today, but out of whose some dollar cheque, known among father in a letter that, having often

with

hand- alde Zagreb. He had told his the perilous' panorama of this embrace both the major coun-sportsmen as the price of allencs "bad a good, time" In Yugoslavia, historic age..

tries of Asia are trying to commodore of the Royal Yacht turn

Sir Ralph St George Gore, the he wanted to do something in ro That would still be true' escape so as to make patterns Squadron, has just completed the even if the spirit of 'renals- `of their own."

Volunteer *** working Lon most exacting period of his office, big construction projects' of the

Shock worker

the

Young

drew.

the

4

•

He met her at eight For a teight-a-teight. Her gave her an onyx And some gin and tonyx, But she left him early, Wise gearly.

•

"Stockings good for 'bables.'" And the sheerer the nylon, the higher the morale.

Business reporta indicate that local rubber shoe is suffering a depression these days.

MR.MALICE RAGES

AT

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*Typographical error my foot! It's a clear crab of Malik afore. thought?"

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