1950-06-17 — Page 8

IL THE CHINA-MAIL, SATURDAY, -JUNE 17, - 1980. -

luality

A striking combination of graceful Unce and quiet effortiona performance the Alvis Fourteen Special Sports Tourer har, embodied in its design, all the famous qualities of the true Alvio Tradition with its reputation for the highest quality workmanship, high performance and utmost reliability under exacting conditions, with, a strikingly beautiful but practical body,

IMMEDIATE DELIVERY $18,880

SOLE AGENTS:

CHINA MOTOR AGENCIES & SALES CO.

OFFICE: -

SERVICE STATION :- 45. Morrison Hill Road, Tel: 20107.

Stock Exchange Bldg.

Tel: 26247

Racing to Success

Ahead in performance and beauty.

SUNBEAM -TALBOT 80 & 90

GILMANS

------- 132 · NATHAN ROAD-

---------- TELEPHONE 58800

MOTORING NEWS AND VIEWS

WHAT IS IGNITION?

Before the first world war, comparatively little was known about the ignition of gaseous-mixtures and during that, war' work was carried out under the auspices of the. Tochnicol Committee of the British Ignition Ap- paratus Association, to establish the manner in which such ignition was produced by an electric spark.

One school of thought favoured the so-called "fat" spark, or "arc" spark, the predominant feature of which is a low voltage arc of relatively long duration..

Another school believed that the "capacity" spark of very short duration, but of great energy, was the true igniting agent. "Although cortalh obscure therefore, the energy which must points have yet to be cleared up," be supplied to it, depends upon a Dr. E.. A. Watson, Chairman of large number of factors such as the Automobile Division I. pressure, temperature, mixture Mech E, nald, we now have a ratio, chemical properties of the satisfactory pleture of the whale gas, and cooling effect caused by problem." This he outlined as the presence of cold electrodes or follows.

other metal, Practically all Ignition sparks consist of two componenta, the capacity spark which ionises the spark gap and renders con- ductive and the inductance com- popent or flame which follows It.

The former, usually lasting one microsecond or less, carries an in- stantaneous current which may be of the order of 50 amperes, while the lattor may last a milif Becand or more, being usually of the order of 50 milliamperes.

exaggerated, as under starting conditions with, the starter In operation and the battery voltage -correspondingly reduced, the coil performance is reduced also, but there still remains an advantage in favour of the coll unless a very large magneto is fitted or an impulso starter provided.

The great advantages of the coil and distributor system are that a small amount of power in required to drive it and that the distributor can be driven at cam- shaft speed.

Body style

--

In new

Cowley van

The new "Cowley" Van, an- nounced recently by the Numeld Organisation, is stylish addition to the ranks

GENERAL

ACCIDENT FIRE & LIFE ASSURANCE CORPORATION LTD. (Incorporated in Great Britain)

Manager for・ Hana Kane `A Chinas–K. U. Machovale

Is Your

Tak. 18704.

Property Jewellery: wide in cover.

of light delivery vans. Household

Most noticeable features are the all-steel body and the bonnet and radiator design which, with wide grille and rounded lines, follows closely present day automobile styling.

The bosts of the new von is a strongly-made chassis frame, in order that alternative bodies can bo-made availabla for different types of work. In-uddition to the complate van, the vehicle cap also be supplied as (a) a truck; (b) chassis and cab with closed

Effects:

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back, (c) chassis and cab with Get The “GENERAL” Idea-

The low speed means freedom from noise, while the low power and small moment of Inertia means that it is possible to it a In a simple generalised form,simple automatic advance me where the only variables are mix- ture ratio and pressure, the reia-

chanism giving any desired rela- tionship between speed and igni- tionship can be expressed three- dimensionally.

tion advance.

Furthermors, a suction-opera-open back. ted mechanism can be readily in- corporated so

In the chassis design, side mem- as to give any desired relationship between ad-bers of generous box-section, are vance and manifold depression. joined together with cross mom- bers of channel construction. A This feature s of steadily growing importance, particularly front end unit consisting of wheel on cars with a good power weight orches, dash panel with ratio, where the engine is nor member, toeboard, scuttle sides, mally operating under part- lower front door hinge plilars throttle conditiona-The Autocar, and gearbox cover. Is bolted to the forward end of the frame and forms an essential constructional feature of the chassis.

At any given pressure of the gas, the relation between energy and mixture ratios is a U-shaped curve, the legs of the U being so nearly vertical that a very large increase in spark energy will make very little difference to the range of mixture which can be Ignited. caused

The capacity spark is by the discharge of the energy stora in the capacitance of the plug, cable, and outer portion of the Recondary winding.

The Inductance component or flame consists of energy stored magnetically whileh can be only slowly released.

"Fat" spark

However, since the spark energy is that associated with the capacity discharge, an increase cannot be obtained by altering the characteristics of the magnetic elreuit, that is by making tha apark "fattor."

In a truly gascous mixture, it is the capacity spark which pro- The only way to increase the duces ignition, but the phenome-electrostatic energy is by increas non la purely thermal one and ing the gup length so as to in consists in hosting a small por-crease the breakdown voltage, or tion of gas to a sufficient tempera- by increasing the capacity of the ture to initiate the necessary re-circuit. nctions.

-

Theoretical,work

Theoretical work supported by experimental evidence shows that there is a minimum volume of gas which must be heated to this tem- perature in order to make the ex- plosion self-propagating.

The former method is the usita) one and is to be preferred, be cause increasing the gap length on the electrodes. The limit flea, also 'decreases the cooling effect of course, in the maximum volt age which the ignition system can supply.

The greatest need for large plug gaps and high spark energy will

CAR REGISTRATIONS

IN THE U.S.

Austin and Ford achieved the largest number of registrations of

1949, British cars in the U.S. during

CTOGE

In the ense of the compléte vehicle, or basic cab equipped chassis, the front end unit be- comes, part of the general cub or body structure...

The well-known Morris Inde- dependent front suspension sys- tem with torsion bar springing is used, nasisted by hydraulic dou Some 3,042 Austin

cars were bie-acting shock absorbers. These registered Ford (Anglia and Prefect) cars, pension, which has semi-elliptie

compared with 5,087 are also used for the rear sus The Burea for 1948 stood at springs. The trim of the vehicle 8,610 and 1,223, respectively.

is adjustable by means of a Comparative registrations in vernier attachment for the torsion certain States are interesting. For bar anchorage. gistrations came to 46, whereas instance, in Illinois, Austin re- Ford had 453 while in New York,. Austins re-

cars registered;}

gistered. 809 cars and Ford. 42.

Again, in Ohio, Austin had 54 registrations, whereas Ford got California,

If the volume heated is less pression engines at part throttle, up to 283; while in

arise with relatively low com-

more

than a critical value, heat is dis- With sipated from, the source

high compression ratios, Austiṛ had 785'und Ford 153. rapidly than it can be supplied by much smaller plug gaps are in combustion of the surrounding, Keneral satisfactory and desirable. layers as the combustion spreads Tochnical Committee also made it The work carried out by the outwards, and the flame goes out. clear that the spark. characteris- If the volume heated is greater tice had no effect on the subse- than the critical value, the flame quent propagation of the explo propagates itself in the normal sion or on the power developed

by the engine.

manner,

Obviously, this heat must be supplied as quickly possible so as to minimise the heat loss dur- ing the parlod in question. The size of this critlepí volume and,

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Provided the spark energy wA suficient to give consistent-arid regular ignition there was no point in increasing it any further.

The position is different during starting conditions when dealing. not with the truly gaseous mix- ture, but with a cloud of droplets which must be evaporated before they can be ignited.

In the this case an appreciable time is necessary for thole ova poration and. If the spark is of too short a duration, its energy may be so degraded by the time the droplets have evaporated that ignition of the vapour may not take place.

or

On the question of coll magneto Ignition, Dr. Watson sald that apart from its one great. advantage its independence of the battery the mugueto has little to recommend it.

Exaggerated

True, the claim that the coll gives a better performance under starting conditions is somewhat

**This graph shows the jump-in ́the price of second-hand care!”!

Gear change

The goor change is mounted on the steering column so that the whole of the front floor space is unrestricted. The Lockheed Hydraulic brakes are of 9" diameter with two leading shoes at the front.

The van body, with an interior capacity of 120 cubic feet, has flowing linea in conformity with. modern styling, which blends with the front of the vehicle. Protector bare inside the body ahleld the outside panels from accidental damage by heavy goods. ---The roof-is-of- the--all-steel- "turret-top" type, completely free from water feaks, immensely strong, and Bited with anti-drum | lining.

There are wide doors at the back, with large windows to give good rearward vision. They have pressed-steel inside panels and are locked top and bottom by bolt' mechanism oporated from a cen- tral outside handle.

The wheel arches Inside the body are rectangular in form which is more convenient from the loading point of view, as they can also be used as carrying platforms. for goods. The main floor of the van is made of steel with rectangular corrugations, the upper hollows: being Alled with wood slats to provide a good load- ing surface...

The centre portion of the floor is divided into sections and bolted into position, to allow for eaxy access to the chassis components. A full-width bench seat in fitted as standard equipment in the driving compartment..

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