1950-05-27 — Page 9

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MIDDLE EAST AGREEMENT WELL RECEIVED

Cairo, May 25.

The Big Three agreement on the Middle East wil! onable Israel to strengthen its ground forces and Egypt to build up its, air force, woll-in- formed sources said today.

The sources said this would strike a balance which would prevent the two countries from ot- tacking each other and at the same time en- able them to resist any aggressor by acting jointly.

The Egyptian Foreign Office was' favourably impressed by the Big Three action. The Unit- ed States Ambassador, Jeffer- Sun Caffery, yesterday showed the text to the Foreign Minis- ter, Mohammed Salah el Din Bey.

Feet

of

The Israel Government was Big generally pleased by the Three decision to make

nrms available to both Israel and Arab In Te states, informed sources Aviv said. The Isruel Govern

in it recognition ment knw their contention that the present unilateral arms supply to Arat States

unsatisfactory on that new basis for equal tre! ment of all Mid-East arms up- plicants must be found.

exi

WAS

Shortly before the agreement

was announced, the State Depart ment called in the chief diplomats of six Arab States and Israel 12 inform them of the pact.

These sources, however. pected the Israel Government t voice reservations on making the

their sale of arms ennditional on defence of the entire area against

Was

1.

U.S. hopos

A high United States officia tald the United States hoped that the Three Power statement will free nations that area of the fear of aggression and enoble them to turn to morr constructive pursuits of prace.

The official sold the three power

|

THE CHINA MAIL, SATURDAY, MAY 27, 1950.

DON

IDDON'S

ANA WW TUWA BO

DIARY

Man with new world plan.

Detroit, Tuesday. My visit to Detroit has been complicated by the presence of 650 psychiatrists and their wives in the hotel where I am staying.

have cost the company and thef Detroit will turn' out 5,000,000 strikers $1,400,000,000

the motorcars this year-strikes or no.

second most expensive automobile strikes and already talks of strike in history.

Yesterday the vanguard of the 140,000 workers began to trickle back to their benches, but it will take several days to get into full The soul-probers unc Axn-production stride again, Halt tion-fixers are holding a can- milion Chryslers, De Sotos, vention here. Wherever I go 1 Dodges, and Plymouths have been

am nurrounded by psycho- lost to motorists. analysts. The restaurants, the corridora public lounges, the and lifts are packed with people babbling about Freud.

Strangers call me "doctor" and I have been invited to lecture Bessions and magic-lantern shows. As a possible candidate for the psychiatrist's couch I might have found this disconcerting except that some of the specialists scom in more need of treatment than most men I know.

Circus element

This convention does not strike The me as a very sober affair. doctors are holding parties and withholding Judgment. The din some nights has been so loud that I have shouted for quiet.

declaration differed primarily from the existing United States policy only in that it served notien that Britain, France and the Unit- ed States were acting un concert

There is a circus clement about in their policies toward the Near East rearman 2 201

the gathering. and that it

Jee clinks in pledged the signatories to action: glasses; distinguished medicine- up "gain"; and the regulation dress seems they first that any of the Near men cry, "Fill 'em East states were Preparing te break the peace, but the official to be an open sport shirt, a loud check jacket, with gold-and-bluc would not prediet what line such action would follow pointing out badge and ribbon in the lapel. I have naked one or two. of them hat some sanctions would require

what is their mission. They have Congressional proval z this

replied: To settle conillet."

that

The oficial

expressed the

a third power-presumably Rus- sin. The Government san.

des scribed as unwilling to he draw Into any big power military scheme.

The limitation of arms sales to States pledging no geountry. pressive intention was regarded in Tel Aviv as a guarantee of pre-spinlon that the statement of the sent frontiers in the Middle East. three major world powers would

In London, a Brith spokes-

serve us a clarifying influence and man said that the Big Three West- ern Powers will keep the Mid- Eastern scene under review and exchange information of future developments.

A military entente is expected result from the declaration leading to greater political and

economie stability. 15Ast ultimate settlement in the area is held to be dependent on the wis- dom of Middle East responsible

statesmen.and Governments.

Contribution to stability

And the miracle is they appear to be doing just that. The 90-day Chryster strike has been settled during the psychiatrists' conven- tion, and although no doctors claim the credit, it seems a re- markable, coincidence.

reassure any nation fearful of aggression by its neighbour. This element of stability, the efficial

The next time the factories are emphasised, was the most hoped-tied up and the production lines for fruit of the declaration,

idle the call should be, a doctor in the house 1"

Actually the Chrysler strike has been a serious body-blow to De- troit. Ninety-nine days' idleness

The official predicted that the arms declarnion would be well received by all parties concerned, adding that such favourable re- cepiton would be one of the ma- for laevements of the declarn- tion.

The United States hopes that the statement will decrease the flow of arms to the Near East rather than stimulate such ship- ments. The basic motivation of the statement relations not only between Israel and the Arab States, but those between the Arab States them-

A Foreign Once statement said, The declaration should diminish the likelihood of any rash untion which might lead to renewal of hostilitles between the Arab States and Israel. This will be seen, selves. from the reassurance given 1. Paragraph III of the declaration taken in conjunction with assur ances given by various Middle Eastern States. It is hoped that a military entente which should

allow Mid-Eastern

was to

sinbilice

No change in policy

The three power statement would not alter the existing U.S. policies on arms shipments to Israel or any place else. He said,

Is there

of small arms variety in view of the fact that little heavy arma- ment Is available except from United States Government stocks, will be considered individually. Israel hud in the past submitte a series of such requests which had been granted. The amount of arms shipped to Israel was relatively small

the meantime, the Foreiga In the Polley Association published a re- port asserting that Israel's senti- mont toward Russia is hardening rapidly. The report written by Edward Norma, co-chairman of the American Economic Commit-

result from this overnments "1srael always has been free in tee for Palestine, said the Israeli

to devote more funds to economie and social development and thus strengthen their countries against Communist penetration. In gen-

eral, the declaration should con- tribute towards political and eco- nomic stability IB the Middle East."

The spokesman Bald that within the set limits there Ir nothing to preclude the selling of arms to Mid-Eastern coun. tries provided that the security

buy arms in this country."

Such requests for arms, which he conceded would necessarily be

foreign policy favours closer ties with the West in the cold war struggic.-United Press.

Turkey will resist foreign aggression

Ankara, May 25.

etiputations of the three rower! The new Turkish Foreign Minister, Fuat Koprulu,

declarations are adhered to.

The declaration is without pre- Audice to future negotiations on the frontiers. I the Mid-Earl countries think that a threat is Imminent the three Governments may consult together with a view to joint measures.

In Washington, President Tru- man hailed the agreement as

tep that should promote peace and security.

President Truman said that the United States participation in the plan emphasised U.S. desire to promote maintenance of peace in the Near East.

President Truman said. "It i the belief of the United States Government that the declaration will stimulate in the Arab States and larae increased confidence in future security, thus accelerating the progress now being made in the Near East and contributing towed the well-being of the peoples there."

PEAS

soid today in an interview that this country would firmly resist aggression by any foreign

power.

Replying to a question | cation. "Statism" was one of the about the attitude of the Gov-principles of the Republican Peo- ernment toward Russia, Mr. ple's Party, which was defeated by Mr. Koprulu's Democratic Koprulu said: "Turkey has Party in Tukey's Arst free clee- no aggressive policy towards tions on May 14.

The new Foreign Minister lea- any country, but will stand

ves for the Paris Foreign Minis- firm against aggression.” ters' conference on May 30, He He was also asked whether said new era of frankness had Turkey would try to Join the begun after the last war and he Atlantic Pact or form a Mediter- was looking forward to meeting rancan alliance along similar the British Foreign Secretary, lines.

Ernest Bevin, whom he described as a great world statesman who plays with his cards on the table. When asked whether the pre-

Turkish sent

Ambassador to would lose his post Washington because of the change in govern- ment, he said the Democratic Party did not believe in such a system-United Press.

"I will adopt

policy of fol- lowing the interests of the Middle East," he replied, "And I will take the necessary steps for its Implementation."

The Minister does not believe in State ownership or control of industries, mines, public utilities and principal means of communi-

I drove around the Dodge plant] and found that many shops, bora, and restaurants had gone out of business during the big walk-out, The neighbourhood has been on relief; the suffering has acute,

been

Even now, with the strike settled, there is great bliterness between the union, the United Automobile Workers, and the company, the Chrysler Corpora- tion.

The story of the strike and the story of present-day Defrolt are dominated by one man. His name is Walter Reuther; his age 42;| his ambition to form an Ameri- can Labour Party to win power and ultimately enter the White House.

Reuther called the strike "part of a great human crusade to build a better tomorrow and a batter world."

He calls every strike that he is a great orator and a superb organiser.

Looking ahead

As president of the mammoth United Auto Workers, he is as b. a gure as John L. Lewis and much younger.

He reaches out to Congress and to the nation and would like to extend his influence to the world. He has several friends in the Bri- tish Labour Party and thinks he can profit by their example und Inistakes.

It is important that you know about Reuther, because it is cer- tain that you'll be hearing plenty about him. He is a red-haired, tensely atrung man who believes in his personal destiny.

He wants to change the world, and if it means 18 hours' work a day, ruthlessness, no hobbles, and tile pleasure he has no com- plaint.

Reuther doesn't sinoke, doesn't drink, doesn't play golf," doesn't. slap people on the back, doesn't participate in poker games or behave at all like the conven- tional union leader.

He has purged his union of Communists. He is the supreme boss of the motor workers and has the drive and the following to become head of the parent union, the colossus called the Con- gress of Industrial Organisations.

His great gifts

After that Lewis would be dwarfed and President Truman would have to lock the White House door.

There is no-holding-Walter Reuther now. With the Chrysler strike

behind him he plans to take on General Motors, which manufacture Cadillacs, Buicks, Oldsmobiles, Pontlacs, and Chev roleta.

General Motors is the glant of Detroit, and Reuther likes to battle giants, His horizon is limitless.

Detroit is divided not over what Walter, wants but whether Walter can do it. Certainly Reutter has great gifts and dazzling ver- sality.

He can swear like a longshore- man over the bargaining table, lawyers making corporation wince, and the next day can address a Congressional Commit- tee or University gathering with restraint and crudition,

His impact on this city is, of course, tremendous, but I notice that no squares or streets are named after him.

I am at home in this city of factories. It is as grimy as Man- chester

and as- honest. The people are direct and forthright, like the Lancashire and Yorkshire | folk.

They are the masters of the machine, proud of their skill and jealous of their record.

DF-41

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Green Beans, Cat:

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doubling the figure within 10 years.

No one, however, can honestly call the town handsome. The most beautiful building in Detroit, in my view, is the railway station, an immaculate,modern "cathedral of marble.

Why is it in city after city In America I find that the railway stations are so magnificent? Why 'are ours so dingy, befouled? I

must ask the psychiatrists,

No time for self

Compared with the railway sta= tions Detrolt city hall is a slum. The local news agency correspon- dent who took me around apolo-

"We are

do going to gised:

about it and the other something buildings some day; but it seems as if all the paini, polish, and chromlum-plufing have gone on to the cars we turn out." This is true. Detroit is so preoccupied mass-producing glitter for the rest of the country it hasn't much time to bother with itself. Most of the cars, except those in the factorles, are old and dirty. The roads are rutted, the houses shoddy.

Detroit is raw and rough, per- haps a gold-rush town, It has never forgotten the great depres- slon.

Like Cleveland, Detroit also has its crime problems. During the past five years there has been a 33 per cent Increase in murders, 63 per cent increase in nssaults.

The sex-criminal is active here

and the civic societies are alarmed. The police are following Cleve- land's example - putting the pa- trolmen back on the beat.

niso compli- Curbing crime is cated by the large Negro populo- tion-250,000 coloured people out of a total of 2,500,000 inhabitants.

Canadian partners

Memory of the racial riot of 1943, when 30 people were killed, is still green in Detroit, and some business men I called on were violently anti-racial,

Personally I found the coloured people well-behaved, and I think the danger of another riot is ex- aggerated,

The British do not figure much in Detroit's conversation. toured the entire city and I did not see a single British although I am told "hundreds " have been sold here.

car,

Bre

It is the Canadians who Detroit's partners. One hundred thousand Canadians have settled here.

Canada is just across the river, and Deiroiters say, without originality, but with sincerity, "You couldn't have better neigh- bours." feel sure Canadians say the same about Detroit.

Footnote: If the visited Detroit they would call off the cold war.

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