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THE CHINA MAIL, FRIDAY, APRIL 28, 1980.
INDIA AND THE COMING SYDNEY CONFERENCE
capital in India is that it would, Hindu Mahasabha and the semi- thereby stabilise the political military, organisation called the situation. But, conversely, the RSSS, This is, the sarbi-Fascist uneasy political situation is one organization of militant Hindus of the reasons why American who are trying to reshape India's
With the approach of the Commonwealth Conference at Sydney there is new interest in London in the state of al- fairs in India. It is being ar- gued that the improvement of al is shy of coming to Indin, society on the lines of the past. It is a vicious circle. The main Mr. Fielden says, "If the extreme India's economic position is the political trouble is India's con- Hindu faction wore to
flct with Pakistan. But the do- power, India would be a very key to the improvement of all South East Asia. This was mestic situation niso, is scarcely álfforent country from that the main theme in a series of reassuring. articles on the Conference which appeared lately In "Man- chester Guardian."
The pleture of India's economy is alarming. Of two countries in the world it can be said that the population increase makes their economic problems almost In- soluble. One is Japan, the other Advertisements and Businear
is India. In India, the population communications should be ad-
is increasing at the rate of more droaned to the Company CHINA than 3,000,000 a year.
MAIL LTD.
MRS. C. J. CHURCH (Betty Church) Advertising & Publicity Bureau Limited,
PPC.
THE PROBLEM OF
EXALTATION
|
The Impetus for the vast in- crease in India's population came originally from the galvanising of the Indian economy in the lat ter part of the 19th century by the inflow of very large sums of British capital. This was invested in railways, Irrigation, industry and so on. The area irrigated by the British in India exceeds the Irrigated area in Russia, America, and West Europe combined. This achievement, striking in its size, is seldom remembered.
During the present century the indow of British capital firs: slackened, and then, until 1945, virtually ceased. In consequence the Indian
economy
on
Salient features
What are is sollent features? Recently there have been some" vivid talks on the BBC by Mr. Lionel Fielden, who, before the war, was the first organiser of
be
zain
Those saucers
again
Flying saucers-no matter real or presented by Congress. It would whether they are
craze a country of nationalism, imagined, the
is cer- casto, discipline, and reaction." tainly catching.
From America the mysterious missiles, have
spread to
Reds well organised
now.
Other visitors to India feel Spain, where a psychiatrist, an that the triumph of Communism astronomer, a philosopher, an alr would be more likely than the pilot, and Madrid's Airport Chlet have all given their opinions on the "anurers" that are supposed to have been seen over their coun- try, writes William Stutlard.
By "Windrush". Special Correspondent
Ali-India Radio, been re-visiting celebration of the of the Republic. were enlightening.
Fielden has triumph of the Mahasabha. This India for the will not come at once. But thợ Inauguration Communists, though still a very His comments) small party, are well organised.
the
Kome
The psychiatrist believes that the "saucers" are all imagined the result of too much talk about
cuper-war weapons.
The Astronomer favours "amau meteorites" from another planet. The philosopher philosophically believes that there may be some truth in the stories, but that ne amount of gucas-work can solve the problem and therefore people should not waste time discussing the problem.
Airport Chief, taking a more em
Finally, the air-pllot and the
view, wisely
an-
open
Good Morning
Sharks escorted a surf boat for quite a distance in Australian waters.
They wanted to enjoy the
crows.
&
Another of those Interesting paradoxes is that the King of Siam's coronation is to be held In camera--without photographers,
*
"King Farouk rank as U.K, general."
Come, now, let's not be rude about it
Whest them in.
The Labour Government has to stretcher point these days to ensure even a alender majority vote, but they feel it ill becomes any of their supporters to halt the progress of the well fure state by lame excuses, all of which are considered Invalid.
In view of the rising price of meal, Mary will soon be the only one who can afford a little lamb.
·
*
+
In Rangoon they, are saying that Thakin Nu all the answers, even past Karen. though some of the people are
Couldn't happen here.
"Riad Gall, 31, secretary to the Queen Mother of Egypt, yesterday marry her daughter." obtained n marriage licence to
And in the Indian economy and social system they have almost "It seemed to me that although
perfect ground on which to work. Nehru looked distinguished and
The
average income ur an charming on the top of the agricultural family of five", says dlan ciphant, and Mr. Patel was
Mt. Fielden, "is officially reckon- a most dexterous mahout, entered a | elephant itself was not behaving at £25 a year. Sixty per cent clal point of
of the agricultural holdings are new phase. Instead of being dy- quite as one might have hoped, less than two ineres, There are ounce that they have an namle it stagnated. India was too Every revolutionary party is in-
mind" on the matter. 3,000,000 consumptives poor to permit of capital forma. deed beset with dimeulties when
and India
7,000 beds.. But I was to replace British capital. It But, though the Indian economy surprised to find so much
comes to power.
Meanwhile newspaper offices all Almost cri-
no progress has been over Spain are receiving hundreds was. no longer a developing one,
made in the conquest of illiter of letters and telephone calls teism of Congress.
acy". the population increase continued "The old changes of nepotism
every week reporting more "flying { and unchecked.
corruption and extrava-
saucers."
The Archduke's grandson who "Manchester Guardian" gance, The
the Perhaps famillar under
greatest disap- remarks that modern India was British Roj, acemed no less pointment in the present politics Many of the stories are fantas- has been imprisoned for theft the opposite of what
There of India is the failure of the tic, and some hint at interplant In fact, his testimony, was baron was unable to plead a noble act. the poet violent under Congress.
Others maintain Goldsmith said of England in the could be no doubt about the split Socialist Party of Mr. Jalprakash tary invasions.
could of any excuses. 18th century, Coldsmith wrote between its Right Wing, advocat Narain to gain strength. It simply that the saucers" seen
from the have been launched only by the Siriks me pink, cannot "wealth accumulates and ing a severely Hindu and na- men decay". In India, men ac-
gain support tionnistic outlook, and the Left. country, if it could do so. the Incas, who, hidden in unexplored
Invalid port-Londɔn. cumulate and wealth depays, representing the tolerance and Socialists would provide what is regions of the Andes, are busy
internationalism of Nehru,
so urgently needed-s non-preparing vengeance against the revolutionary opposition to Con- rest of the world. gress, an alternative to Congress which would not simply bc Undisturbed by any of the comments, the "saucers" continue disaster.
that
It
ro the casual observer does not
not seem that the Con- to cis Party, while it is sure win the next election, will last for
long. very
The question then the orises what will follow if Congress Party gets in?"
Mr. Fielden takes seriously the danger of triumph of the Communists.
Д
the
Failing the Socialists there are to fly. now only the two alternatives to Congress which Mr. Fielden des- ; cribes, the Mahasabha and the
The recent speeches of Mr. Dean Acheson and President Truman set the tone for the forthcoming conference of the American, British and French Foreign Ministers a fortnight hence. Any, hope that Moscow may have cherished of a new approach on the basis of the Kremlin's gains in China has been ex- ploded. It it a conference to
Not large enough build up strength in the West and to stop Com- munism, not to negotiate a
Since the end of the war there has been some revival of the new Munich or a new Yalta. flow of British capital. This was The problem of negotiat-brought about by repayment to ing the differences with India of the sterling balances. Russia is being left to the But it has done no more than
make good the ravages of war. 1 Secretary-General of the has not been large enough to set United Nations to tackle. Mr. afoot. 3 new dynamic age in Trygvie. Lie 19 now in India's economy. At the same
time the political changes Europe on this difficult mis- India have made the local cap!- `sion, and one of the latest talists more than ever cautious. proposals he has put forward Local capital is being hoarded,
not used. is that a special session be
The most melancholy event India's supreme need is capital. in English literature this year called of the Security Coun- A relatively small investment, I cil, to be attended by Foreign wisely planned, could bring quite has been the premature death of George Orwell. Articles are Ministers or even heads of disproportionate Improvement,
Indians themselves estimate that still appearing about him in member States: The streng-
If the United States could be in- the press, as the critics try to thening of the bipartisan duced to Invest $500,000,000-less assess his place in literary and
The second hatred dominated policy in the United States than one year's Marshull Aid in social history.
his later work. It is for this that, has removed any temptation the United Kingdom-this would
Ex of tipping
George Orwell was more en-he-along with that other make the difference to pull off a spectacular or
Indin
tirely the product of our age than traordinary figure Arthur Koest over from frustration
Holeris fainous. Yet it is the first pyrrhic coup by the Admin-
perhaps any living writer. boom.
obsessed with istration which might in-
anxieties absession which is psychological The need for capital is all the was
which are fluence the November elec- greater because India is nearing
peculiar to the lastly the more interesting, and which 20 усать
made Orwell peculiarly repre tions. While direct negotia- the end of its sterling balances
sentative of the intelligentsia of which have given it a call on the
the years before the war. tions meanwhile are practi- capital goods from the
United cally ruled out, action Kingdom since the end of the through the United Nations war By 1952 the balances still is consistent with the bipar- available will be quite small. tisan policy.
Cue reason why America
to might be persuaded
to
Death of an author
was his hatred of the English class system. The other was his hatred of Russian Communism. Hatred dominates work
Extremes
Cold comfort for house. hunters comes from Ritchie McEwen who reports from Vienna that Austrians face housing shortage as severe as any in Europe.
Although the black market in Austria has been ofelaily declar- ed
an end, the wide- which spread abuses sinrted immediately after the war, continue unabated.
in rents,
Some flat owners are asking as much as three years' rent in ad- vance, and the new familiar "lay" money is the rule rather than the exception in the Austrian city.
Very few Austrians can afford to invest in a flat even if they can find one, and instead, must have recourse to taking a "sub- let" in an occupied flat-at an
exorbitant price. in history as will go down a radicalism
the time of extreme"
His life history was curious and dramatic. His real name was
The 10 years between the onset Eric Blair. He was educated at of the great depression in 1920 Eton, and Cyril Connolly, the critle and novelist, who was at and the beginning of the war in
has described 1939 will invest school-with
the vivid
which he among the English writers. It made on This
for a boy calism. That did not come until of his temperament, he joined some years later, after the otec- the Burma police. But he could tion of 1945, when the propa not stomach the British impariat
ganda of the writers had times and he resigned. In later to work its effect. system,
the conflict in Germany in a peaceful way. The only question in their minds is when and how Russia will put Western strength to the
on
At the other end of the scale, however, the controlled rents in
Rather incongruouspornica was not a time of political rad!-} the huge working class blacks of
as attendant to a lunatic. These clung to a narrow conventional
flats built before the war have not been raised at all. Now, be- couse' of. devaluation, a two or three-roomed flat in the suburbs more than 1/6 a may cost no week.
may
It is doubtful, however, whether Mr. Lie will be suc- cessful in his effort. Moscow seems to have stiffened its position a good deal since the arrangements with the
life. he wrote a novel about The thing which most disturbed Government in Peking. The
Burma, catching with great be the writers of the time was the curacy the atmosphere of
the American High Commis- test.
As a result, a worker who lived last years of British rule there. class structure of English society. sioner in Germany, Mr. Mc-
It was not only that they pro- In Vienna at the end of the war It is a dangerous phase, and Cloy, told a House Commit- the Russian mood is the least On his return to Europe hof tested against the social injustice has to pay only the price of an entered' on the most eccentric of the existence of privileged and Austrian packet of cigarettes for tee in Washington that in his likely to encourage hope of the of his life. For a time he wealthy classes. They argued that a ne self-contained fat, while
to the city judgment increased Soviet any accommodation on any
became a watter in u Paris the class divisions distorted all the newcomer
10 times as much pressure did not proceed from but Stalin's own terms. Cer- restaurant which was run by normal living. The middle-class, have to pay
thels desire to remain for a bed-sitting room. fear of attack, or a sense of tainly the change brought Arabs. Later he crossed to Eng-out of inferiority on the part of the about in China is quite land, and for a time lived as a middle-class shut themselves off Russians, but "because they phenomenal. It is not mere- tramp. Afterwards he got a job
o from the mass of the people, and feel their strength and im-ly a, matter of the new Pact. years are described in his life. They lived in fear-fear of mediate hope of success," The internal situation has autoblographical book "Down losing their class status.
T+ was this attitude which Since then we have had the been transformed even more aud Out in Paris and London." Baltic aircraft incident and than foreign policy by the Fame through novel deal of stir at the time. In re- Orwell and his contemporaries challenged. They made a great all that went with it.
State economic policy. The The argument used to be pace of the economic revolu-
trospect some of them Jook that the Kremlin was getting tion must have left even the novel about the great depression of
He first made his fame with a rather ridiculous. They were all middle-class origin, But in own way by its own Communist doctrinaires in Lancashire, "The Road to their reaction against their own peculiar methods without themselves breathless, The Wigan Pier". He went to fight in class, some of then invented thi war, and, while being set on State today has practically the Spanish Civil War and was myth of Prolitarian Man as th badly wounded. Thereafter he really heroic type in moder continuing to impose its will, everything either in its wrote chiefly
hiefly political essays, and society. would not risk-war. They possession ог in its political allegories rather like the Orwell's own altitude was no were "realists," it was said control: what we would like great masters of this art of these unintelligent, but it was very realists who knew that any to know is how efficient or part, Swift and Voltaire,
extraordinary. He hated sordid life, mean streets, slovenliness, Power that set out to con- | inefficient that control is. On He became passionately alarm-dirt, noise. But because so large quer the world. would in the paper at least the long and ed at the spiritual dangers of a proportion of mankind was end be doomed to defeat. tumultuous years of the Communism, and his last two forced to endure these conditions
But one of the most able of Soviet Revolution have been "1984" were envage attacks or self up to living, a
books, . "Animal Farm" and of life, he voluntarily gave him
proletarian all American columists, Anne snapped down to a few Russia and on Communism. They life. O'Hara · McCormick, pointed months. If paralysis and sold in enormous numbers in In a way it was an sict of out two or three weeks ago in confusion do not ensue in Britain and America.
ronunciation like that of some the "N. Y. Times" that equal speed and range it will
of the mystics of the Middle Ages The Hgours of his He had St. Francis of Assist for ex- most fresh reports from Mos- be a miracle...
broken his health. For a year, ample. Rut, in their case, either cow and the capitals of To all intents and purposes two he lived in a remote Scotch the motive of their renunciation Eastern Europe confirm the China is becoming a mere real more by insisting on sharing else love of humanity was the | Island, but undermined his health was usually love of hunianity, or opinion that the Soviet plica of the Soviet Union. the labour of the Islanders. He leaders are exalted by the Nevertheless we doubt very came to London to hospitat, and sequence of their renunciation. Orwell, on tho contrary, con- sense of growing power. A much whether the Kremlin died there towards the end of the tinued until the end to be dis- visitor to Moscow reports that will find her a safe bet for winter,
gusted by life as lived by the TRUSSES." there was P The frony of Orwell's life was
its
the change in the atmosphere any indefinite period, Mos- At his death,
in recent months is startling cow's position in the satellite general consensus that, whatever that, with all his determination "The victory in China Has States of Eastern Europe might be thought of the cons to infllet proletarian life on him- gone to their heads like new looks far better wine; now they think they ne
are.
equal to anything? China Frightened Germans from be bette the Eastern Zone, who flee to | United: Berliii bellaves that the Rue Nationa sians do not wish to res two years
In
hanit tents of his books, he had been self, he never really understood one of the really great masters of ity: With an unerring" cyo ho eople's | English: prose of this generation, seemed always to: Choose the may or may not He wrote with immenso i vigour, sermicat, most squalld [parts" "of
of the concision and clarity.
ille--and these are "not really Stater
the But what of the contents of the That lived (at least in the typical of the life of the missses. Ethan Books There were two master towns, with a certain gusto, But
obsessions vor. Orwell's life. One l this escaped Orwall entirely,
*
After all the rumours that have been Teheran round, Princess Fatima has been forgiven. I'm Shah glad to hear that, she said. Million certified readers.
These booming. zooming, world-beating circulation figures we heard so much about jat one time-what can have happened to · them? Could it be.....? No, net that, surely,
Myrtle thinks a plimsoll line is a row of gym shoes. Without comment.
Yesterday's prize paragraph: "Because of charges that he is anti-American, Dr. Hans Schlange Schoeningen will not come to New York as West Germany's first consul-general. He will go to London Instead."
"The head waiter sayı if It's tough he'll change it, sir. But please don't make a fute -We don't want an Incident - with Senora Peron."
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