1950-04-26 — Page 8

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T THE CHINA MAIL, WEDNESDAY, APRIL 26, 1980.

BEHIND PARLIAMENT

A rather cynical French politician once said that the most useful function of Parlin- ment was to prevent things being done.

This is worth bearing-in inind ut the present moment. Som people have been expressing con- cern at the virtual paralysis of Parliament because of the equal strength of the two major parties. But this paralysis may turn out It may to be a good thing." strengthen the tendency of Par- "prevent things being Jament to done."

By "Windrush"- Special Correspondent

relatively low,

among their, share of political power. None of readers are MP's, Civil Servants, these can be regarded as real de- Ministers. What these papers say metralle associations. may Influence political decision very considerably.

Trade unions

Consider

course.

cracy, which was that the will of the people was best discovered. by the balance schloved between all the different groups and' or- ganisations *representing the different interests of society. Parliament was", the chief, but, not the only, one of these or-

anisations.

The difference' between thead 18 To the power of these groups two theories of democracy

still important. By a not very a good thing? Some democratic

great stretching of words it is theorists have always deplored the fact that any section of the possible to regard the Soviet de- community should be able to mocracy of East Europe as carry- the agala

the power of ing on the continental or French Trade stand up against, People who ore anxious about Unions. Trade Union leaders are the democratically-elected goy system of democracy. Nothing is allowed to impede or influence the effects on the country of the elected. But they represent only ernment. They say that any. present situation in Parliament a relatively small section of the thing which deflects a democratic the Soviet government.

the

In British democracy, at the should remember also that Parlia community. The Trade Unionists government from

otherwise take other hand, the actions of Parlle- ment is not the only power which have always been a very power-

which it would

frustration of the people's ment s

are kept in a certain determines the way in which Bel-ful pressure group on the Labour

and tain is governed.

balance with the actions Party. And there should be a will,

the Conservative government,

of other institutions, was the theory of the pressure Business reign. But in fact the position make their voice heard in pre- French revolution.

Trade Unionists will

Parliament makes no attempt to certainly French philosophers after the

It was de- eradicate these institutions. It great English may be hoped that it never will. Catholic historian, Lord Acton. Thus in a sense oven a General - IL In the same way, the profes-ns the continental theory of Election is never general,"

elects a now parliament but it atonal associations, the Federation democracy. He said that it was

with the much does not make possible a total of British Industries, and often at variance

revolution.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENT

Mr. Ezra Abraham wishes to ex- press grateful thanks to all friends for their expressions of sympathy and attentionce ut the funeral of the late Mr. Percy Tester.

is

In theory Parliament is sove-

much more complex. Many new i of Parliament

month ago felt then who a

was now at their feet are at this moment making the discovery that politics are not simply made by majority votes at Westmins- ter.

uy

Consider the number of bodies and groups which make, or at least Influence, pelities. The in- teresting fact about most of them is that they are not clected by any constituents. They are either self-appointed or they represent sectional presture groups. For good or ill they modify the extent) to which Britain is democratical-

The family of the late Mr. Wongly governed by the elected re-

Tat Ylen thank all relatives and friends for their atten- funeral and dunce at the Masses and for the Roral tri- butes, donations to charities and expressions of condolence In their sad bereavement. A High Requiem Mass will be said at the St. Teresa's Church, Kowloon on Friday, May 12, 1950 at 0a.m. for the repose of the soul of the deceased.

NEW DEMOCRACY

50

GOES EAST

Fresentatives of the people,

Influential body

One very influential body of this kind is the Administrative Division-the higher division of the Civil Service. True, the task of the Civil Service in only to execute policy. It is not to decida its general lines. But where one leaves off and the ather begins it is hard to say.

A Minlater usually works very closely with his upper CivlÍ Ser- lee advisers. If these have any the ire which strong ideas on

their department must pursue they have, to put it at its lowest, a matchless opportunity for ad- vocating their ideas. in the decl sive quarter.

00

соло

Tory.

This

the Churches, enjoy their own healthler English theory of demo-

North African Journey--No. 2:

Half-way to freedom...

I recognised the place from and herds has been ruined be- the Wavell campaign. It was cause the grazing lands have been one of the white cubist homes Ploughed up and the wells har-

nessed for irrigation. which Mussolini had built for On the other hand, the fallen colonial system of crops has been Italian settlers in Cyrenaica.

because the Italian When British troops arrived ruined

their that first time it had been spruce volonists have gone and

to rack and forms have fallen and clean with gingham curtains and spotless walls and gleaming ruin. copper pans.

An old man, the Italian owner, had gone on his kees to beg me to stay the night because he was afraid the Arabs would loot his house and rape his women, old man was gone.

This time-10 years later-the The house had neither windows nor doors, and the walls were blackened where fires had been lit against

them.

The vegetable garden was gone and the fruit trees had been chopped down.

By-

supporting except on primitive basis,

Local resident claims to have flying saucert (over the harbour.

seen

I people wouldn't pler about Bo much, they wouldn't harbour. such ferry startling ideas:

*Time wasting at Wimbledon umpires briefed."

Gorgeous Gussie has apparently started something.

·

•

I note without surprise,- that Lord Beaverbrook, on his 50th publishing anniversary, continues that the to Express the view Standard of imperialism must be carried higher, instead of falling to a new Low.

Cold war.

Drenched

and

bedraggled, Kitchee went down to La Salle. Yes, the room was made for the

sneezes,

So many things I would like to be enlightened on...For instance, these chopper attack Casca. Fellow was reported yesterday to have inflicted 49 wounds on 庭 walked nit rival, who thereupon

the most PAYME

in the opposite direction.

It cannot conceivably be so well off alone as when foreigners were occupying It.

And you got the same half-way Government position with the itself. The

Sir Amir Sayed Mohammed Idris el Mahdi cl Senusel, KBE in half an absolute monarch and half a constitutional monarch.

But Independence is coming Britain gave a fair measure of UN

Alexander Clifford internal autonomy last year.

It is the same with the towns. The Italians built expensively and enthusiastically. They created a new race of city dwellers with appropriate habits and demands.

But the cities have been bomb- ed and the Italians driven out. Quite a number of inquests

Another Influential body is the

Benghazi is tidler than the last are being held, as a result

time the Eighth Army passed Press. The editors of the Press of our present discontents, are not elected by any

But the words "Mussolini is through it, but not much more into the reason why the gifts stituency. They are not selected by always right" were still painted intact.

No one has the money to do public of foresight

were lacking Servants. All a newsbaner has to bothered to disturb them.

examination like Civil above the front door-no one had

repairs, and by the weird freaks among our leaders and why do in

most of the What had happened to the of peace treaties order to

to exist is to sell

belong little white house is what is hap-buildings still

to the many prophecies were

enough copies to pay its way. To pening to this vast empty country Italian State, anyway, The cold war wrong.

be influential it does not even State have to have a large circulation often during the war.

which we captured and lost so So independence will catch the not foreseen, says a

The two most powerful papers in

elty dwellers in a ruined and un- Department publication on

repairable city with no basis for England have the smallest circula- the preparations during tion among the national tallies.

a city life. the war for policy after the Yot though their circulation is war. The American Generals and others who so bitterly fought

had

WAG

the

t

*

On the verge

It is the same with health ser- vlees, public works, education, und other paraphernalia of a modern State. The Cyrenaicans know all about them from the European nations

For eight years there has been

British

and Administration, Loday Cyrenalen is on the verge And of national independence. independence is coming at moment when the country is hopelessly poised between ancient occupied arc

and modern-between progress and liberty.

Its im-

18

which have

the country. They have acquired a taste for them. They have made plans for them. agriculture

neither But with independence they It is won't be able to get them. For bedouin nor European. half-and-half. The traditional It is mathematically impossible nomad husbandry based on flocks for this desert land to be self-

The Bengal pact

has ordered Cyrenaica to form a single independent State (prob- ably a federal one) with the rest of Libyn by January 1952. Whatever happens, the. foreign rulers are going,

1

The Amir wants them to go at oned. Sitting in his country palace-n ex-italian casino outside Benghazi, he told me he had asked the British for imme- diate independence.

But 1 -La doubtful whether he or any other Cyrenaican has worked out exactly what this in

What it dependence will mean. looks like

meaning is this: The

will sink gradual- country will ly back to a bedouin economy.

The town dwellers among their become modernistic ruins.. will vociferous and troublesome," or else drift back to the desert.

The plans for social develop | ment will wither away, for they are based on a budget which an Independent Cyrenaica can never

balance.

Old tradition

There is not much reason to

expect that the government will

be very efficient,

The

And at the top end of the scale there is a, deep-rooted orientat tradition of nepotism. Amir's family-the Senussi-Is some 300 strong, and very de- finitely considers itself the ruling family.

So Cyrenaica looks like going the way of the little, white farm- house.

There is indeed a deep ethical problem embedded in all this. Is it better to give people freedom to drift back into the poverty and squalor they prefer? Or is

I can only m.can (a) that local choppers aren't up to much, (b) that the victims are tough around here, or (c) that attackers don't know their business. i One, good strong chop should be enough for anyone.

•

A 71-year-old Japanese woman attempts suicide on being scorned by lover.

Hope winters eternal...

•

Kuala Lumpur manufacturers Malaya proteat against Hong Kong's composition in the rubber shoe market.

•

President Truman" ya, “We are working quietly but crrectlyelv, without headlines or hysteria, against Communist subversion in this country."

Without headlines or hysteria. Oh well, I suppose everything is relative;"

"And is the prince incognito?" "Well, no, sir, but he's certainly had a few."

Face slapping merkes Red Dean's peace rally.

Seems to have been an attempt to bring the appropriate colour fo the faces of the opposition.

During working hours? "Two sisters compromise staurant's entire ́staff.”......

land. But meantime the 250,000 inhabitants of Cyrenaica aro going to be independent. And Britain has special, reason for being interested in what happens to them.

For Britain needs à foothold in Cyrenaica as a stepping-stone for the defence of the Empire, now that she is out of Egypt.

Treaty dilemma

To do this she needs a treaty. Sho cannot very well make one now, because she is handling Cyrenaica's foreign affairs; and she should simply be signing: treaty with herself.

So we have to wait for inde-

And that leads to another, even dependent Cyrenaicans will be deeper problem. Cyrenaica willing to sign treaty with

system of Britain. under its bedouin agriculture may be able to feed I think they will sien. They Itself. But. Cyrenaica under seem to be genuinely pro-British. fully developed system of modern And hiring out Tobruk Harbour. agriculture might help to feed all would be as convenient a, way of | Europe. ---

securing foreign currency as any. Perhaps in the end an over-1, expect they will sign. It would crowded world will need, this ¦ be very awkward; if they didn't.

FOLLOW

Mr. Churchill's create. They come out of strategy of a major advance great forces, which in re- into the Balkans, instead of volutionary upheavals a premature second front in rarely controllable until the France, now confess to second phase of iron discipline thoughts. The reactionaries posed from above. hunting for scalps in the The moderate Communists United States have picked in Peking have not been out officials and advisers who overthrown, but their whole had written favourably of programme of gradualism the Chinese Communists has been discarded. The pace during the past few years. set in China is not that laid; They charge them with de- down in the Common Pro- scribing the Communists as

gramme, of Mao's New De-

Easter brought to the Bri- reads and the main way of gel- ting about is hy waterway. Some mere "agrarian reformers." mocracy, but that of the tish Commonwealth one very of the police did wonders. The Undoubtedly many mis- maximum programme of the good piece of news. On Easter Police Superintendents at Barisal takes were made, and there international Communists, Saturday Pandit Nehru, the and Sylhet have been praised by

been over-much wish-The long transitional stage Prime Minister of India, and unblassed observera

The people who did the rioting thinking. We gathered in has been telescoped, both in Mr. Liaquat Ali Khan, the in East Busigal were chiefly the and progress" on themont pendence and trust that the in- the past two or three years politics and in economics. Prime Minister of Pakistan, very poor villagers, the rural quite a collection of them. Even the retail trade-in signed a Minorities Agree-proletariat, whose situation is su Take, for example, this gem which the Chinese trader was ment, which cased the crisis desperate that they seize every from

a young writer who among the most efficient any in Bengal and brought new opportunity of viclence to set

little They were alded by blazed like a comet in the

where is being taken over hopes of a comprehensive Moslem villagers from the nearby China sky in the post-war by the New Bureaucracy. settlement between India Indian Province of Bihar, who years: Writing under

In his speech an the Com- and Pakistan

fed from riots three years ago

thirst for reveng caption "Trade Booms in mon Programme, to the long

The situation has been saved and who still

Their feelings have been made Mukden," he said: "Finally, conference of the Peking in Bengal. But the crisis there

talculties they have met wit it is clear this is a Chinese Political Consultative Coun. brought India and Pakistan with- even niore savage because of the revolution, made by Chinese cil, Mr. Chou En-lai said that boking back it is clear that the in settling down in East Pakistan.

in an inch or two of disaster.

Terrible crimes were certainly for Chinese... Russian in- for the task that lay ahead trouble there, while it arose out fluence has stayed within they wished to rally all the of real grievances of the Hindu committed during the riots. But there was news niso of the pro- the boundaries of ideology, democratic classes and na. minority in East Pakistan, Wtection given by many Muslems China's problems must be tionalities within the coun by fanatics in the

wickedly Inflamed and exploited to their Hindu neighbours, Today settled by Chinese, and the try, and Chinese" abroad, to vince of West Bengal.

the tempest seems to have spen new China emerging will form a great people's de It has been hard to piece to itself in the villages. People are Therd want as close ties with Bri-mocratic united front, This, gether all the facts. The trouble feeling genuine remorse.

effort in ro-building villages. tain and América as she stand had been struggled for began at the end of last Decom are stories of joint Hindu-Moslem

ber, in East Pakistan with a Loot is being restored. not only by the Communist fracas between Moslem police But take Mao Tse-tung-he Party for 28 years but, he and Hindu villagers. This caused Unscrupulous is a better authority. In the said, it had also been support an exodus of Hindu refugees of course of a lecture in 1841 ed and acclaimed by all the East Bengol, that is to India,

After a little delay an immense he insisted that Chinese | democratic parties

India. and agitation was started in reality and history, not for- groups, people's organisations, Firidus, demanded action by the amined, the more unscrupulous cign doctrine, must be the various regions, the Army, Indian Government to relieve seems to have been the aguation the allered sufferings of Hindus which followed, the disorders In determining factor in the national minorities within

in East Pakistan. There were East Bengal. It is quite clear Chinese movement. He de- the country, overseal. Chin- anti-Moslem riots in Calcutta. that it was organised by the semi- nounced people who were ese, and all patriotic de- In retaliation there were anti-Hindu Mahasabha, the merely phonographs and re-mocrats. During the discus Hindu riots in Dacea, the capital Fascist. Indian organisation, and of East Pakistan. These intensified it is not unreasonable to think lled upon foreign ideas. Their sons in the Preparatory the anti-Moslem agitation in that this Forty was trying to use duty, he insisted, was

to force. thủ to Committee, all had held that Indi

the opportunity adapt imported stuff in a this united front should be Since then the facts have been Indian Government Into "police Hyder- way useful to China. The carried on and take shape investigated by reliable observers action against East Pakistan,

to that against Communist Party, head- organisationally, or further it has become plain that the similar to

extent of the original grievance abad.

Hindu Mahasabha has mitted, had not escaped this its development during the in East Pakistan

The was grossly infection.

entire period of the New mamified by Hindu agitators in stated several lines that it doc

The ton of India, and stands for the Those were the days when Democracy. And all agreed, India. The casualty role was not accept the fact of the part- Mão was forming his ideas of he added, that the PP.C.Cmuplied many times overly re-litterperation at Pakistan in "The New Democracy." It is the best organisational form unpleasant, but they resulted in india, first of East Bengal, later. is to be doubted if any of the of this united front. It was loot and arson rather than Ir of the Punjab and Sind. Western critics have suffered thus to remain in being pend- murder. anything like the same dising the convening of the comfiture as the Communist People's Congress through authors of Chinese policy | universal duffrage far an themselves, especially Mao we kn withe Tse-tung and Chibu En- the outcome of

have,"

then,

Indian pro-

agitation

The more the facts": uro ex?

■ : 30K

time it seemed as if the Gey to tako really doclalva teps Untrue allegation ment of India war unwilling The Indians alleged that the against the Mahasabha but about police In East' Fukitan, abotted three weeks ago the Mahasabiri the rioters. This turn out to be propaganda, culminated untrue. The-East Pakistan police particularly savage cubr

certainly not ancient to Calcutta

verdimcuits The kindwnia Engl

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