1950-04-17 — Page 1

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PROBLEMS IN MALAYA

THE CHINA MAIL, MONDAY, APRIL 17, 1930.

one

A STUDY IN POLITICS

in

The agreement on Sin- The Sino-Russian, agree- they were theoretically capable, land. ments have sent people in Mackinder saw the possibility kisong is a pointer to how close

of 'a great bloc of land power, the association may become. London back to the study of stretching from Germany, though

If the Communist Government of the great political Poland and the East European in China con organise China thinkers of this century, Sir countries to Russia in Europe more or less effectively, and at-

to Russia and from there H. J. MacKinder. This re- Asia.

Heartland, the two tach it to the This huge part of markable man died only a continents-Eurasia Mackinder strength of the Heartland, with short while ago. But his main called the Heartland. The mari all which it stands for, will be work was done in the first 20 time countries which surrounded very much increased. The Rim-

-in West Europe, in the Me- land will be in danger, years of the century. In aliterrenean, in the Indian Occan pamphlet written as early as were the Tumland. 1904 he foretold with

Two weaknesses Mackinder used to say that the canny accuracy the course of international affairs and in- ternational rivalries in онг day.

un-

There were,

↓

Danger point

signal of really desperate danger

The Scottish Covenant; what next?

By THE Rt. Hon. THOMAS JOHNSTON

and

Morning

Esther Williams may visit Hồng Kong,

That will put us in the swim.

Government servants In Australia are asking for special leave while their wives bavo bables.

This, if it comes off, will be the first time any country has recognised what the husband goes through at such a time.

7.

goes to show how soundly based

The announcement that the in Mackinder's for the Rimland would be when view, two causes which weaken- the Heartland took to these signatories to the Scottish

Heartland

Kain .could One was the If the ed the Heartland,

The fact that. 30 Hindus were linditional hostility of Germany access to ports and naval bases, Covenant now exceed a mil-

was and could build a fleet with which lion fixes a not insignificant killed in a stampede to get into Mackinder's Ideas were not and Russia; the Heartland properly appreciated in England usually engaged in civil war in to challenge the fleet of the Rim- landmark in British political the sacred "Water of Immortality" at that time, He remained little stead of in aggressive war land, then the Rimland would history. known. But their importance against the Rimland. The second be in the gravest peril. I might There are five million people in | these old beliefs really are. was grasped in Germany. There was the great dificulty, because no longer be able to lay siege to Scotland men, women they were appropriated, diator of the vast area of the Heartland, the Heartland. Some people in children and a million adults Making himself Andi. ted, perverted, and made the of organising its resources,, and the West have had these words have signed for self-government In Jakarta -the rebel leader is

frnmowork basis of the sinister German

concentrating them as military of Mackinder very much in mind within the

the regarded as a prisoner, Azis the rend cult of Geopolitik, or the geogra-force against any one.objective. when they have

about British Constitution.

normal procedure in such cases. Whatever Russia's present concentration on phy of pollties and war,

happens In the building submarines,

· future as a result of the Cover- World citizen Garry Davis, If the dangers which Mackin-ant, these million signatures re-back in America, will be married, gister a development in public sys local report, “In noarby coming, about, bellef which cannot for long be Sorrento, Marine,"

factor regnored by the motor political

of the

parties. Mackind did

The classical example of

power is land

Russia.

classical example of the power is Great Britain,

Differences

the

This

ja

to

the

firmly

in face of any away appeal,

break-

You can tell that to the Maines.

"Oh, darling, I have missed

you!"

Her voice was full of pain, And she lifted the revolver And fired at him again.

Mackinder. foresaw that the Basically, Mackinder's theals technical progress of the last de-

He saw the is simple.

world endes would very much modify divided Into countries which this second factor. The net der foresaw are were land powers and countries work of railways and now the there is

ліво сле which were sea powers. The growth of air transport, have for inforcing the strength

which land

powers were those

the first time enabled the Heart-Rimiond which

But what are the leaders of

The Russions are now claiming were not reachable from the sca land, it it is united politically to not foresee and which has come the Convention going to do with to have invented the steam engine,

which had not a sea const or knit itself glosely together. The into operation.

their adherents now that they of have

With navigable rivers

got them? reaching into arat factor-the rivalry of Ger- prodigious economic strength

great as a result of watching a kambyar The campaign in Malaya their heart. The sen-powers many and Russia-also since the United States. Mackinder

wisdom and forcaight the leaders boil over. takes on a new urgency in were those which were islands or

1945 looks like being modified. rightly regarded Amerles 113 declined to make the Covenant

sen power. But it has an in- on issue at the General Election. Bad story. view of the rapid deterioration promontories.

This analysis of Mackinder dustrial power relative the They foresaw that the public of the cold war. Many must

The throws a bright light-a terrify- rest of the world, greater than would regard Constitution-mon- be feeling that a turning-point

seingly bright lightton, the politics that which any sea power has en- gering as of secondary impor- has been reached in the Asian

of the present time. It shows oyed before-greater oven than tance these days and that old why the struggle between Russia England's in its most prosperous party allegiances would persist aspect of this.conflict similar

and the West for the control of days. to the change brought about!

Germany Is of such great Im-

This

productive overrun

Immense after Hitler had

of America 18 the Czechoslovakia in 1939. This There are great-differences be-portance for everybody in the

world and not only for the Ger- capacity tween one land power and an-

or West Europeans. It supreme

fact of power politica time it is caused by the pace other, and between one maritime shows also how weighed with of our day. It cuts across the

and of events in China-which power

another. But in

fate is every negotiation between analysis of Mackinder,

the Russia and China. seems to have gone over com- general it is true that land powers

Heartland should

But now the election is over and sen powers develop contrast-

politically united, and

the Convention leaders will again pletely to the Kremlin camping ideas and points of view. The Mackinder, his analysis, its

be communications should

be called upon for an exercise in and the reaction of the Re- and powers are the homes of was inclined to regard China as miraculously well organised, the real politik, since us conditions publicans in the United States militarism nutocracy, authority. lying outside the Heartland. He Rimland, so long as it works In und alignments exist in the new

The sea powers take liber refused to regord It entirely as a conjunction with America, will House of Commons there is

hot drop the hydrogen bomb now, the thereto.

allem and democracy.

lond power because its

long still enjoy superior power, at least one chance in a million of either problem remains how to prevent Mackinder saw the history of coast line and its navigable rivers mobilisable If not mobilised.

the Government or the Oppost their doing it later. struggle time as the

for his

made it so amenable to pressure

tion sponsoring an allocation of Nevertheless

do not therefore Parliamentary time for a large- between sea

My boy tells me he has a lovely power from a sen power. supremacy

The war of in its history and its political have to despair. But if they are scale amendment of the Constitu- bike. "I've got a free wheel on and land power.

against tion, especially 1914-1918 he described og the structure, China does conform to to safeguard themselves

an amendment it," he said, "the front one. siege of the land power of Ger- the general pattern of the land the Heartland, they must under with which English and Welsh had to pay for the back one." many by the sea powers (which

position What seems to be hap-stand what their true powers,

members are-lo put it mildly-- America.) The sca pening at the moment is that is. Mackinder's writings are one imperfectly acquainted.

Way they used to surry on. included

China is getting tied in to the of the most illuminating guides powers won.

Mackinder was obsessed by the general organisation of the Heart to consult. fact that, though up to 1918 the land powers had not prevailed

wonder

to

this Vis

over the sea powers, because the land powers had been divided against each other, and therefore forward the struggle

had

never put of which

mans

in

Rimlands

Even

became even

Can Britain reach the Russians?

By John Fisher

can

for

Visas for British officials are

Powers.

less. RES

may be accused of

Parliamentary · ́

difficulties

The laciturn individual went to he church on Sunday. When got home his wife asked, "What was the sermon about, James"

"Sia." "Really,

and what had the preacher to say about sin?"

"He was against it."

If Russia and Amèrien, won't

1

Any attempt to gate-crash a A writer says that when Mark Scottish Home Rulo or Devolu-

used

with tion issue on to the Parliament-Cleopatra, every door was bolted. ary arena in the perplexities and

So, el presume, was the dinner. anxieties arising from the elec tion stalemate would simply be and with Incredulity greeted

Antony

to

dine

"And to what address shall I

"Oh, Just Tomkins, c/o Mrs.

might almost certainly would send the garden tools, sir?" chase away an enormous propor-

tion of the million signatories to Tomkins, The Gables," the Covenant.

But what then 7 The million. signatures arc there; they "winna ding and downs be dis- puted."

I duggest two imme diafely realist courses to the leaders of Convention.

1

1-That they ask the Gov- crnment for an urgent fact Anding inquiry not only into financial relationships between Scotland and England, but also into how far immediate admin- istrative devolution and decon- tralisation in the essential OT public servicer is possible desirable.

The third year of the struggle against the terrorists in Malaya is not far distant. Two costly years have been almost wasted insofar as visible results are concerned. Indeed, the one thing that did impress the world was the the call for response to volunteers in the Anti-Bandit Month. Pretty nearly half the male population of Malaya responded actually almost the entire Malay male popu- lation, for in spite of the backing the movement receiv- ed from the leaders of the ing the bandits little and the Straits Chinese, 90 per cent of country itself immense sums.

task of removing The

the those who enrolled were Malays. Even so, the Chin-Chinese squatters from the

Is Britain doing every-tries have staff difficulties, ese volunteers must have been jungle areas has been tackled twenty times as many as the on the usual humanitarian, thing possible to reach the not many people, unless they are enthusiastic about taking up Iron armed bundits. So either and official, lines. There has Russian people? Every day, potential fellow travellers, can be

Russians, Curtain posts. way it is a most convincing been the most careful docu- not only the demonstration of popular sup4 mer.tation before any of the but all others behind the

Curtain are being often limited, and it is difficult port for the Government. Yet families are transferred. That, Iron the terrorists replied with an indeed, was the chief, job of bombarded with the news that to and enough reliable local stall Britain and other countries for those that are not spies for -Anti-British-Month-in-which the army of volunteers.

But if this process is not are planning-war-on-them. the Communists are righly afraid

Such a fact-finding inquiry in more outrages and ambushes

real They are told that capitalism that they were perpetrated than for speeded up there is a

danger it will soon take on is decadent, that only Russia working as sples for the Western any case must be held before Parliament would be in the least

before months past.

public No

that "the the nature of those immense, is peaceful and strong and

The third method of approach-likely to act, or radio-is free of visa restrictions; opinion could be brought to bear Month" ended with a clamour and disorderly flights of that only Communism

and the BBC European service with sufficient ore sure against

the centralisera. news ser- for Mountbatten, two more people en masse which save the world.

Z-A regular concerted drive! Britain, at present, makes three regularly broadcasts Divisions, martial-law and a occurred in the Punjab after;

for a Scottish "Goschen pro- variety of other things. It independence and again in kinds of approach in order to get vices and talks to all Iron Curtain

portion" in vital industries. first that the real effort has yet to be was even suggested that the Bengal recently. For behind the truth to the people behind countries every day. It is here most cases. the

These and many other similari newly-appointed Director of this jungle war is the danger the Iron Curtain. In the

place, the Foreign Office has "In-made, for, in Operations, General Briggs, of a race war, and the spirit formation Centres" in most Iron broadcasting time is two hours or preliminary economie queries, 1 submit, are of the utmost impor- lacked sufficient power to do shown by the Malay kampong Curtain countries.

The programmes to Moscow tance, and if they are not pursued broadcasts et with vigour wo may and our- his job, though this impression guards reveals the mood that There are reading-rooms and consists of three

selves one morning with some was soon corrected by a state is rising among the Malays. lending libraries in Prague, Wor-only half an hour each.

The BBC are succeeding in got kind of Home Rule that has to ment on the highest authority. And it may not be long before saw, Budapest, Soña and

emi- braadcasters begin by administering an there is no ting together new The emergency regulations do the resurgence in Indonesia grade, In Moscow,

reading-room, .but a magazine such as Anna Frolovva and Cap-gration system. in fact provide full scope. will have a far more powerful and British Ally" is published tain Mikhailov, who There is still a suspicion about impact on events in Malaya ad is on public sale, though the cently escaped from Russia ana the "dead hand" at White- than hitherto.

Russlans have recently limited are in touch with present Russlan The organisation of the re- the circulation.

conditions, but the programmes hall and of hesitation to use

are working under enormous reserve powers. But it is im- settlement scheme has been

The Foreign Office information | bandicap down on orderly and

with day-to-day

Hilton,

whose book portant, especially in the next laid

Ilnes. These news and nearly all types of out- "Military Attache in

Moscow" phase, to keep civil govern- bumanitarian

published recently, Bald, ment going, for much has been were in fact, put forward by let, le, the general public, the was pub and is being done to keep the the Straits Chinese leaders. local Press, Alms, radio and the "The vast masses of Soviet clui- Straits Chinese and all the When completed it will im-

But, in countries where freedoms are too desperately poor to fom] be likely ever to own a wireless more sober elements of the prove and stabilise the con- of opinion is suppressed, it must set of their own. Malayan community on our dition of the squatters. But take some courage for a man to side.

movement first and docu- to go to the British reading-room, Too much too soon on that mentation afterwards seems aint alone sign for a book which might be considered deviationist. side would be no corrective of better way to speed up things. This limits the effectiveness of the too little top late on the side The transfer began months information of bandit suppression. Indeed ago, yet less than 20,000 have the danger would be of falling been dealt with so far, and it helplessly between those two is estimated that 300,000 re- stools. In the military aspect main to be shifted. The ban-

"Even if the would-be listener of the problem, better co-or-dits themselves fear this

Asomewhat different, method managed to tune in to the foreign dination is needed among the movement as a major threat] Security Forces, but more is to their survival, and are of approach is the one tried by wave-length through the clamour expected in the direction of trying to "persuade" the the British Council which also has of several other: families around new methods both in strategy squatters not to move. That Institutes in Warsaw, Budapest, him, he would assuredly be re-

Prague, Sofn, and Belgrade. The por

Western sympathies. Both and in tactics. The authori- again is another reason why Council tries to make known Bri- Paving wooner, gr later as one

set would

quick- ties seem satisfied with those speed and order have changed tish achievements in non-political he and his radio set

folds, such as t art, Uterature, ly disappear." already evolved. But in al- in priority;"

music, ballet, medicine, architec- However, the Boviet authorities

sometimes answer. attacks most every campaign the Bri The future of Malaya now ture and the like. tish have fought the right seems more than ever to be It lends pictures, offers extuen in the BBC programme, which methods were the last to be cast within the framework of tional scholarships, senda fec- makes it seem as though the Bo- and so Viels belleve that these pro- evolved. The tanks at Compartition rather than close in turers, instrumentalists

listened to grammes are being bral in World War I is a termingling of Malay, and on, wherever it feels they

be well received. For

24-hour

service is the rat clasalt, example, T

The públië Chinese all over the country.W British Council institutes More powerful trubiumiflare and 10 samme police step to overcoming these dif- can judge only by results, and It need not stand in the way however, from the they are definitely not go 'of the idea of a sing

flance, as the official 16 culties, But something else is need- tion contres, though not to ed as well before any propaganda the

since they aro puil ita ful” waight boy!

weight, beyond 20 any case, their the Iron Curtain.

The major

food and

the th

hun

monion in due time, Edrift is obvious w nhead with it now. ble

•

centres deal

like,

Bel-

centres. In Βοπια

general

have

Lack of privacy

"In any case, the complete lack of privacy in almost all the cases, those who have visited the so-called 'homes' of 'the people: possible and extremely unwise British information contres have would, in practice, make it im

even if it were possible to at- tempt to tune in to any foreign

been arrested

Different method

her to the intelligent

latation.

made

clear-cut That something, las polley, which zun, be men to win

"He'was up in'a Venom yester- day his voice hasn't caught up with him yet!”

it's different!

it's delicious!

臣

it's Watson's!

FLY