1950-03-31 — Page 9

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་

MAO AND MARX British

By WINDRUSH

נות

that

It is true that the organisation of the party and its lation to the State is partly Russian lince. But go was of the Kuomintang. Will the re- semblance be more than formal? Russia's system of Rovernment

Marxist theory.

labour

unrest

and 2,700 mine workers made idle by two strikes for higher wages.

In London it is not seriously doubted that Mao Tse-tung and the other leading Chinese Communists are orthodox Marxists. They are known to be deep students of Das today-in matters of fact rather

London, March 29. Kapital and of the writings of than in matters of form-grows the open in Britain today for Labour unrest burst into Lenin. But some Western out of the Russlon post-o fact students of China are genuine-e and Peter the Great. In no Labour Party's narrow vie which produced Ivan the Terri- the first time since the ly puzzled to know how China's history and China's country in the world is tradition tory in the general election no strong as in China, In shap- present circumstances can be ing the future, Chinese tradition with a slowdown on decks, fitted in to Marxist theory. will have a hand በ። well. 盟 They will be interested to see what explanations are evolv- ed by the Chinese Marxists.

Take one or two examples, The Marxist theory is that ali societies past, broadly speaking, through the same

process of evolution.

In the first place, society is organised on a feudal basis. "bourgeois revolution." Europe this happened nineteenth century, following on the French Revolution. The The period of bourgeois

ascendency leads to another revolution. By

Then comes the ao-called

In the

MYTU

Yost

Consider ono final problem. The great reorganisation in Rus- sla, in its agrarian Ke, has been 10 collective and

mechanize agriculture. It has seemed that collectivization is one of the es- col sential parts of Communism, But what

Russia's purpose? Surely it was to economise man- power for the great assault on cultivating and taming the there are no empty spaces. Chino empty space of Russia. In China

has superfluity, not shortage, of It would be lunacy manpower. to try to cultivate China's mechanised thods of Russian collective farm- Ing. The orthodox Communist

Thus, in practical economic opposed to the Trotskyisis polley, China is likely to follow

different line from Russia. All along the line, the Chinese Com- *munists, though convinced theoretical

Marxiats,

may be forced to mould China in a pat- tern quite different from Russia, They will certainly be radicals and revolutionaries; but they with create a new kind of society instead of a reption of the Soviet Union.

this revolution the dictatorship felds by the of the proletariat is established.

How does this apply to China?

-the view of the

to

view Stalinists a

that Chinese society is In 3 feudal und semi-colonial state, Before 11 can become ripe for a genuinely communist revolution It must pass through the

bour. geols stage. The bourgeois stage cannot be jumped or by-passed, For this reason the leaders in the Kremlin have not been anxiou

force the pace

of events China too much. For many years they were surprisingly tolerant of the Kuomintang Government their theory that the Kuomintang WAN carrying through the indispensible tran- sition of Chinese apelety from the feudal stage to the bourgeois stage the transaction which was Indispensible if China was even- tually to have a genuinely Com- munist revolution. For the same

because it

was

rice mc-

THE CHINA MAIL, FRIDAY, MARCH 31, 1950.

GREATER MALAYAN

SELF-GOVERNMENT BEING DISCUSSED

The

But

projected visit of Mr. James Griffiths,, Colonial Secretary, to Malaya

London, March 29. this summer, announced today, quickened expectation in political quarters that there will be 'early moves to give Malayans greater con- trol of their own affairs.

observers here are sceptical about an American news agency report suggesting a Cabinet of Asian Ministers as an immediate likelihood.

It is known that talks are taking place in Malaya be- The Labour Government has tween the British High Com- been enforcing a wage-freeze pro-missioner, Sir Honry Gur- gramme,

Hey, and local leaders on the general question of political advances through the new con- stitution.

A strike at Bargoed Steam Colllery involved 1,300 men, and threatened production In many oficials could not estimate yet how mony-South Wales collleries.

These talks touch on possible Five hundred surface workers changes, such as the inclusion of walked out in a wage dispute in- Malayan political leader In the volving two riggers and 800 under-Executive Council with the style ground workers.

of Ministers and charge of cer- tain administrative departments.

The huge colilery's power sta- tion is manned, meanwhile, by a skeleton staff of officials.

Mine

Twelve hundred workers idio at a colilery near Coventry in a dispute over wage rates for working a new coal seam. officials said the new rates for working the seam had been agreed upon, but a number of the decided to protest, causing a com- plete stoppage.

men

Dock workers, meanwhile, held mass meetings at three of London's

Jamaica provided a precedent for giving such men, éra Minis- ments. terial style and charge of depart-

There, elected members of the Legislative Council are elected by the lower body to the Execu- tive Council, and are entrusted by the Government of Jamaica with charge of various depart ments."

in

biggest wharves, as a campaign to now being turned over include It is likely that the proposals halt all overtime work gained mo-also the idea of including a larger mentum and slowed loading and number of local representatives unloading of ships-United Press,Malayans, Chinese and Indians

-than now

the Executive Council.

A point which may occupy at- tention In the present discussions Is the question of Chinese born in Malaya-who do not

noons. sarily acquire Malayan citizen. ship, Discussion may revolve

"Israel may become Communist nation'

Frankfurt, March 29.

reason the Chinese Communists, A Bucharest newspaper said in effect today that

even though, their

armies

are

now triumphant, are emphasising that they do not propose, least as yet, to liquidate the "nu- tional bourgeois". It seems that they believe that, even under a Communist Government, it is ex sential that China should pass, however briefly, through a phase which can be characterised as "bourgeois."

False view

These are the practical con- elusions which the Marxists in China have drawn. But in fact

State

by

2

Israel may become a Communist nation, re- gardless of what her Premier, David Ben Gurion, believes."

The allegation was publish- ed in the "Romania Libera" and was broadcast by the of- ficlal agency, Agerpress, from Bucharest.

In an article entitled. "The 'Concerns of Mr. Ben Gurion," the newspaper sharply rejected #i atatement by the

Israel Premier that Jews are

being persecuted in Rumania. At the some time, the paper launched a sharp attack against Israel. "Romania Libern" quoted Mr. Ben Gurion as saying "Israel will never be a Communist country," and commented: "We, the people of the Rumanian People's Re- publie, consider this categorical affirmation of the Israeli Premier as risky, because not so long ago, similar prognostics concerning Rumania by voices which belonged past."

were

made certain the

to

the

tion' In order to caluminate regimes of those countries whera the working people rule. They need it to nid their own perse- cution of the working people. The current situation In Israel presents a whole scale of such persecutions."

The paper said examples clear- ly show the 'worsening conditions in Israel, and added that Israel la In enslavement of American Im- perialism.United Press.

WAR OF THE WAVELENGTHS

Prague, March 20. Czechoslovakia complained to- day that Britain, France and the United States are violating Copenhagen Agreement allotting new radio wavelengths.

Western student finds it hard not to think that they have got their history wrong. In deter- mining to fix Chinn into the Marxist pattern, they have In vented a

a false view of what is really happening. In fact it was the Han and Tang dynastics which really ended the feudal age in China. That

ened happened between 2,000 and 1,000 years ago, There has been

no teul feudalism in China over

since. But China did not therefore pass, ax Marxist theory prescribes into a bourgeois State, Instead it be- came bureaucratic State-an agrarian Empire ruled by an ela- borate bureaucracy chosen open public examination in the national classics,

This was kind of

which Europe never knew. It was the kind of State not provided for in Marxian dialectic

According to Marx, periodical revolutions are brought about in society by one social class rising up and replacing the governing class: this change

existing

(General Nicolai Radescu was made possible because economic

Rumanian Premier from Decem- changes in the organisation of ber 1944 to March 1945. His rule society increase the power of the

was backed chiedy by the army. old frequencies. class which thereupon comes

He was replaced in a coup by power. It is quite possible the present Communist-domina-

10 make out a case for saying that

ted Government of Petru Groza, this is a fair generalisation about It was rumoured at the time that the revolutions which

the Cabinet change was promp shaken Europe from the Middle ted by an ultimatum by the now Ages onwards, but is it true of Soviet foreign minister, Vyshin China? Admittedly China also

sky, to King Michael, threaten has had periodical revolutions. ing Soviet occupation But they have not been revolu- cou

the tlong incidental to one class re-

over- placing another as the governing fled the country and went to the subsequently he

The newspaper said: "On the Occasion of his many trips to the United States, Ben Gurion can meet there such a 'clear sighted' man by the name of Radescu, who is at the same time guilty of crimes against the people of Rumania, and Radescu will be adhering to the agreement. the

able to inform him that it is im possible for such futile prophesies

to

have

round the idea of

agreement on some common form of citizenship.

The Government intends to encourage the Malayan people— whose great contribution to the prezent anti-bandit drive In their own country has aroused universal admiration-to tako

over-increasing responsi bility for their own affairs.

Independence

for Malaya in 15 years?

Bingapore, March 30. Malaya should have inde- pendence in about 15 years' time, sald Mr. John Strohm, American

author. Journallit on a tour of South East Asia. He gained this from Interviews

Impression with leading Government offi. clats in Malaya.

Mr. Strohm said: "With bandit days

numbered, the problem of self-government.

Malaya will moon loom ahend. There are, however, very encouraging signs of

harmony and closer unity between

various communities in this Young country which 'augure wall for a prosperous future,

greater

the

"Although there are ob. viously certain defects mar. ring complete unity at pur. pose, the

way being steadily paved for the Malays, with the help of the Chinese, to attain independance,"

Mr. Strohm has left Singa. pore for Indo-China, whance he will visit Siam, Hong Kong and Japan-Reuter,

towns.

U.S. FOOD FOR CHINA SUGGESTED

Washington, March 29.

The Republican Senator, Mr. William Knowland, to day proposed that surplus American foodstuffs should be sent to Communist China as a humanitarian move to relieve famine conditions.

ro-

Mr. Knowland made the commendation in identical letters to President Truman and Mr. Dean Acheson, the Secretary of State, which he made publie to- day.

than

He said that

reports from China Indicate that more 40,000,000 people

are in the famine areas and over 10,000,000 more in danger of starving.

At the same time, he said, re- ports indicate that the Chinese Communists are sending food to Russia in exchange for industrial equipment.

"Nevertheless, in

Malaya and being accepted. the "Anti-Bandit Month"

Mr. Grimths replied that all volunteers for the Anti-Bandit Monih were required to produce identity cards, except in the larger Most were recruited through the local officials and associations to whom the appli- Mr. Griffiths today rejected

cants were known. auggestion that

Major Tufton Beamish martial

(Con- law servativo) asked

whether should be imposed in Malaya to Minister had considered the cri- the help counter Communist guerilla tleisms in military and

Martial law rejected

activity.

civilian

Mr. Henderson Stewart (Na-circles in Malaya that the strength tional Liberal) had urged this in

the House of Commons,

In

the American people have always had a friend- y interest in the well-being of the people of China," Mr. Know- land said.

by the sont

mca

He also said that a relief mis- sion, similar to that headed Mr. Herbert Hoover after first world war, should be to distribute the food, This would in no United States recognition of the Chinese Communist regime, added.-Reuter.

way

he

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ARRESTED IN PI TAI HANG JEWELLERY

of the

.

forces engaged against the Com- CHINESE COUPLE and equipment of the military munist rebels was still inadequate. He said that the position Malaya is worsening and that strength and equipment

Griffiths

replied, there is a strong local demand military forces employed against for martial law as the only effecthe bandits in Malaya tive means of controlling the constant consideration and every trouble. He urged the Minister effort will continue to take the necessary

to be made requirements once.

steps

at

to

Mr. Griffiths replied. "During recent weeks bandit activities have intensified In reaction to our own intensified efforts, but demand for martial law. there has been .no strong local

"The imposition of martial law The Ministry of Posts said in would not be an effective way of telegram to the Secretary-General the Government's principal In- dealing with a situation in which of the International

of Union Telecommunications in

ument is the police force and strument Genova that the alleged violations

are in which one

of the main re- disturbing other European nations quirements le the pollee force and civil administration to those remote rural areas where Chinese predominato, to become reality, even if one re-thorities have learned that broad- "All the powers necessary can sorts to the police and the army." casting stations in Germany and be taken by emergency regula-

Austria in the French and British zones are not

United States, tions." complying with the Copenhagen treaty but continuing to use their

country, Radescu

throws, and

United States).

was

of

"Romania Libara" | rejected Ben Gurion's charges that Jews in countries lika Iraq and Rumania are in danger of peri secution.

class.

They have been up- heavals and explosions as the re- sult of periodical crises of over- population. They have left the basic structure of society little changed. On this type of revolu tion the Marxist writings are allont.

Marxist theory bullds's great has heard about the

It asked whether Bent Gurion deal upon the struggle of the

fact of tenant class against the landlord

schools teaching in Yiddish, that Now certainly there

textbooks In Yiddish and Uteru-

class.

China

between landlord and tenant. It

Ja

1

always been friction in hasture in Yiddish, exist la Rumania. enough to make the Marxist Premier should not be aware of It said: "It is impossible that a suppose that China has repro. duced in the orthodox way the

such things. It is more probable tension between the

that certain prime ministers need landed aristocracy and the villain. But such alleged dangers of persecu

whoo the situation is closely studied; it appears the Chinese agrarian

more

that structure

in altogether different from that which Marx r regarded as "hor= mal" in one phase of the avalu. tion of society. The Chinese landowner is very different from

feudal grand

soigneur Europe. He is often nearly poor as the tenant. In the aver- age village in South and Central: China there are poor peasants

the

01

and alightly less pour peasants: It is very rare for their holdings of land to be more than four ör find: acros."

Chinese tradition

It may be argued that, though China's past does not it in very well to the Marxist scheme, its futur will be purely Marxiste The Communist Government-in China will follow the Russian pattern. But is, even this very likelyt

The telegram sold

Czech au-

that all countries

I said Czechoslovakia insists members of the Union strictly which are adhere to the European Copen- hagen Agreement and direct their activities to the wavelengths al- lotted

them."--Associated Press.

to

TRUCE IN CRISIS ́·

OVER-LEOPOLD

.

Brussels, Marchi 29.

A three-day trute in Belgium's drawn-out constitutional crisis begins' tomorrow when the Prima Minister-designate, M. Albert Devize, goes to The Hague to represent his country at the Atlantic Pact defence talks...

Alboral, M. Dèviza was called crnnient to dedide in on Saturday to form a Cloy- aa.. King Leopold's return. He will resumo his consultations on his return on Sunday evening-Reuter.

...

ONLY KOLYNOS FIGHTS

TOOTH DECAY these 3 ways.

3.

MONTH ACMS

Tooth

immediately on nontuot with

· delays.

acidia neutral

out food

polkhas tooth surfa

Red agents

meet the these operations."Reuter.

is under

PLANE LANDINGS

ON ICE PACK

of

Manila, March 30. LI Szu-t 32-year-old editor of the Chinese Language paper "National Daily News," which ceased publication recently, and his wife Sun Hvi-si, 20. arrested

on the warrant issued by the Acting Immigration Commissioner, J. P.

Begzon.

Li was

Were

Wholesalers of CUT-DIAMONDS

&

Sole Agents For

strength of a Liberty Diamond Cutting Works (Pty) Ltd.

charged with having published an article allegedly at- tacking the Philippine Govern-

Anchorage, Alaska, March 29ment. The couple amy face-de- A U.S. Air Force plane has portation proceedings. They are made two successful landings on the North Polar Ice pack,

here on temporary visitors' per- 200 mits-United Press, miles North of Baste Island off the Northern coast of Alaska.

An-

Colonel Berat Balchen, nouncing this today, said it was one of the most important events in polar aviation.

The landings showed that, if necessary, both large bombers and

transports could crash-land with comparative safety on the polar ice pack.

One landing large ice block

was made on a

covered coarse snow, the other on hard- with packed, drifted snow--Associated

Mr. Leonard Gammans (Con- servative) asked what was being done to prevent Communist agents in disguise from volunteering for Press.

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