1950-03-29 — Page 4

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HONG KONG’S

TRADE

THE CHINA MAIL, WEDNESDAY, MARCH 29, ~1950.

WINSTON CHURCHILL'S WAR MEMOIRS: THE THIRD

2. I attach great importance to opening the through route from Persian Gulf to Caspian, not only by railway, but by a great motor road, in the making of which we hope to enlist Ame- rican energies and organisation. Lord Beaverbrook will be able to explain the whole scheme of supply and transportation; he is on the closest terms of friend ship with Harriman,

in

3. All possible theatres which we might effect military examined co-operation with you have been

by the Staffs. two flanks,

The North certainly

and South, presen! the favourable opportunities.

most If we could act successfully in Norway the attitude of Sweden would be powerfully affected, but at the moment we have neither the forces nor the shipping avail able for this project. Again, in the South the great

prize 14 Hong Kong's total trade of Turkey: if Turkey can be gained HK$5,000 million last year is another powerful army will be quite incredible and quite avaliable, Turkey would like to true. Merchants and others

come with us, but la afrald, not without reason. It may be that abroad who read the speech the promise of considerable Bri- of the Chairman of the sh forces and supplies of General Chamber, presented

technical material in which the to the annual meeting on

Turks are deficient will exercise a decisive influence upon them. Monday, will be shaken to the We will study

with you! any Even here correspon- other form of useful aid, the role dents write to the papers, maximum force against the com-

being object snatch a few straws together, men enemy. and proclaim that it is all as a story that is told, and that the fact of yesteryear is the fallacy of today, and tomor-

core.

row.

On October 25 I replied to our Ambassador in Moscow about the British divisions being landed at fantastic proposals of 25 to 30 Archangel or Basra,

BOOK Good Morning

THE GRAND ALLIANCE

Mission to Moscow

res. All our shipping is fully engaged, and any saving can only be made at the expense of our vital upkeep convoys to the Mid- dle East or of ships engaged in carrying Russian supplies. The margin by which wo live and make munitions of war has only narrowly been maintained. troops sent to Murmansk no

Any would be frozen in darkness for the winter.

1

By Winston Churchill

Oni

Grave situation."-

Labour MP's funerals are all the rage these days. Wouldn't you be in a rage too if you had a majority now down to four?

state that she lives a model life.

Paradoxically or not, all reports

·

and special appliances found their way in unbroken flow through the ley and deadly seas to the vallant Russian armies and people.

Two themes now dominated has won an arts competition in A beautiful young Frenelt nun our relations with

the Soviet Tokyo. · Union. The first was the vague agreements can be reached. But and unsatisfactory state of our there was little of this mood now, consultations on military matters, and it might almost have been and the second the Russian re we who had come to ask for quest that we should sover rein- Local correspondent is quoted favoura,

tlona with the Axia satellites, as saying: "As you well, know, 2. Position on the Southern

incident preserved by Finland, Hungary, and Rumania. the Home government, regardless flank is as follows: Russians have General Ismay in an apocryphai felt that if only

machinery of party, is five divisions in Perala, which wa and somewhat lively form may

of military consultation could be majority of business men."

composed of are willing to relieve. Surely be allowed to lighten the narra-

established the problem of joint. these divisions should defend Live.

Er-where's your home, chum? HIS

orderly Royal operations could be discussed in n their own country before we Marine was shown the sights of reasonable manner which would choke one of the only supply lines Moscow by one of the Intourist

not lead to misunderstanding. the maintenance of

Ribbentrop Hatel. Here is Chur-Prime Minister to General Ismay, guides. "This," said the Russian. The unsatisfactory nature of the s the Eden Hotel, formerly existing position is clear from my

following minute! chill Street. Here is the Beaverbrook Street, formerly. Hitler

for C.O.S. Committee. railway station, formerly Goer- Ing railway station. Will you have a cigarette, comrade?" The Marine replied: "Thank you, comrade, formerly bastard!" This tale, though Jocular, ilustrates none the loss the strango atmos- phere of these meetings.

with

two fully armed British divisions forces to the Northward, To our from here into the Caucasus or North of the Casplan would take at least three months. They would then only be a drop in the bucket.

General instructions. I furnished Lord Beaverbrook with general instructions, which were approved by my Wor Cabinet colleagues on the De-) fence Committee. In addition I gave Lord Beaverbrook the fol- lowing letter to deliver personally to Stalin:

My dear Premier Stalin,

21 September 1941.

and

The British and American Mis- sions have now started, and this letter will be presented to you by Lord Beaverbrook. Lord Beaver- brook has the fullest confidence of the Cabinet, and is one of my to bring the oldest

intimate friends, most He has

established the closest relations with Mr. Harriman, who is a remarkable American, whole- heartedly devoted to the victory lay before you all that we have of the common cause. They will

been able to arrange in much nnxious consultation between Great Britain and the United States.

President Roosevelt has decided that first instance,

our proposals shall, in the deat with thi you in the monthly quotes we shall send to nine-month perlod from October, 1941, to June, 1942, inclusive. You have the right to know exactly what we can deliver month by month, in order that the best advantage..... you may handle your reserves to

Prime Minister to Sir Stafford. Cripps (Moscow), 25 October 41 say that the Idea of

1. You were of course right to to 30 divisions to fight on

sending 1423

tha Russian front" is a physical ab- build up 10 divisions in France, surdity. It took eight months to scross the Channel, when ship- ping was plentiful and U-boats few. It is with the grealest dim- culty that we have managed to Middle East in the last six months. send the 50th Division to the We are now sending the 18th Division by extraordinary measu-

tern.

those

•

A

In the end a friendly agree- ment was reached in Moscow. A protocol was signed setting out

BLOOD TRANSFUSION

LABORATORY

YOUR FÜHRER NEEDS TOU?

the

•

Theory of origin of life." Hasn't it something to do with gooseberry bushes?

Myrtle told me last night that she could read in my face what I was thinking.

Was my face read!

6 November, 41. We do not know when the Germans will arrive in the Caucasus, nor how long it will be before they come up against the mountain barrier. We do Toronto because he couldn't spell who was jailed in not know what the Russians the word "psychiatrie" reminded will do, how many troops they

Bloke

*

•

will use, or how long they will me of the phrase, "There, but for resist. It qulto certain the grace of God..." that if the German press hard neither the 50th nor the 18th Chop in Australia, where British Division could be on they've got n plague of them, the spot in time. We are held claimed that "eas lifted me out

of bed."

I don't believe this one bit. H'm.

•

Some Germans are complaining that Russia's "colonisation

of

Silesia with Chinese labourers" is to their

dangerous menace

#

Christian culture.

•

She dreamed of ermine and of

sabic.

She danced as hard as she was

able.

She twirled and smiled' and.

winked and laughed,

And quite ignored a

drought.

.

nasty

She said. "A mink would stop

my chillin'"

But all she got was penicillin.

A Tokyo cinema manager LT happily chucking handfuls of banknotes in the air to attract patrons,

Hong Kong managers do the same thing, but they wait until the patrons have gone before giving vent to their satisfaction,

in a grip by the delay in Crusader" (ie., the coming Desert offensive), and it is not possible to see

see beyond that at the present moment.

I cannot feel any confidence that the Germans will be pre vented from occupying the Baku oil elds, Russians will effectively

Pilgrima des- the troy these fields. The Russians wilderness was interesting from. us nothing, and view with the standpoint of sanitation, but great suspicion any Inquiries It was still incorrect." we make on this subject,

self-control."

"I took up golf to develop "You should have gone in for enddying, sir."

You will realize that the up to the end of June, 1942, aro quotna

" YOU'RE NEXT 1′′ supplied almost entirely out of the supplies which Great Britain British production, or production and the United States could make have given us under our own pur- period October, 1941, to which the United States would available to Russia within the 'June, chases or under the Lend-Lease 1942. This Involved. much Bill.... For our part, we shall derangement of

our military not only make substantially in-plans, already hampered by creased contributions from our tormenting shortage of munitions. own existing forecast production, All fell upon us, because we not but also try to obtain from our

only gave our own production, people na extra further effort to but had to forgo most important mest our common needs. You will munitions which the Americans understand, however, that

our would otherwise have sent to us. Army and its supply which has

Neither the Americans nor boon planned is perhaps only on ourselves made any promise about fifth or one-sixth as large as the transportation of these sup

or Germany's. yours or

plies across the difficult and perilous ocean and Arctic routes.

when

keep

Our first duty and need is to second duty is to obtain decisive which Stalin uttered хеер openi the seas, and our In view of the insulting reproaches

we

There is indeed an echo of this scepticism even in the midst of Mr. Cassidy's many positive and well-supported statements on the solidity of the trade. There is little to be gained, he says, by taking the long view where trade with China is concerned, and the best course is to seize opportunities as they present themselves. But that does read like sound common-sense whatever the inference taken, since the bird in the hand is in the creation of a new pat worth a lot more than any number in a bush nobody can This pattern also includes & see-not even perhaps, with new and remarkable role in the eye of faith. The long regard to trade not only with view in which British North China and Japan, but merchants used to take such as intermediary between the pride was, after all, based on two countries. In some ways certain logical presumptions the Treaty Ports have come as well as an illumination of to Hong Kong, as Hong Kong the spirit.

put out branches to Much depends on a distinc- Ports a century ago, but meat tion between the instruments and poison are not desirable of trade and the trade itself. similes. Still, it does make There is no real impediment,

one wonder what after all is superiority in the air. These have suggested that the convoys should taking all factors into con- to be the fate of Shanghal, power of sur 44,000,000 in the it should be noted that all we the Arst claims upon the man-nat sail till the ice had receded, sideration, against China's With its industries moving British Islands. trade per capita becoming as into the interior or to the hope to have an Army or Army would "be

We can never guaranteed was that the supplies

available made great as that of pre-war

North and its major channel munition industries comparable British and United States centres Japan or Germany. If the to the sea loaded with silt.

those of the great Continental production." The preamble dreams of Sun Yat-sen were

of the protocol ended with the military Powers. None the less, The old Chekiang clique, we will do our utmost to aid you. words, "Great Britain and the ever fulfilled, her trade cer- which stemmed from. Chen.

you- United States will give aid to the General Ismay, who is my per transportation of these materials tainly would be enormous, Chi-mel, is the core of what of Staff Committee, and is thor to the Soviet Union, and

representative on the Chiefs though there is a growing is left of the Kuomintang, and oughly acquainted with the whole help with the delivery." tendency-notably in the Shanghai was the core of field of our military policy, is a telegraphed to me:

On October 4 Lord Beaverbrook United States for trade and their power. The blockade thorised to study with your com- industry to become self-suf- and bombing they are direct- co-operation which may suggest manders any plans for practical ficient. What that great coun- ing combines with perhaps themselves.... try has done the Common- the inevitable ill-will of their wealth is trying to do. Even successors, to threaten the so, China's trade today is little very existence of this asto- compared with what it will nishing mushroom city whose become given the necessary growth in a generation or two conditions of order, enter was one of the major prise, and stability. The phenomena of all Asia. Its question whether the mer castles were built not in the chant or the State will do it, air but on the ground-and is another matter. No doubt on water-but their forlorn this is where the merchants' state today cannot be forgot eye of faith falters. Nor is ten in contemplation of Hong China alone the question- Kong's more lordly and rock- mark in such reactions to like solidity. trends of the time.

There are bursting godowns Law and order and a stable to worry, many, but also to currency, backed by renewed swell the income of their confidence that came from the keepers and thus to contribute reinforcement of the defence to those services in handling forces, were the framework merchandise which have for the great volume of trade proved so extremely pro- last year. Mr. Cassidy's grace-fitable. There are attempts

Bonal

ental

There is no doubt that a long period of struggle and suffering have great hopes that the United İles before our peoples, but States will enter the belligerent, and if so I cannot doubt that we have but to endure to conquer:

war as a

I am hopeful that as the war continues the great masses of the peoples of the British Empire, the Soviet Union, the United Slates and China, which alone comprise two-thirds of the en- human race, may be found marching together against their persecutors; and I am sure the road they travel will load to victory.

With heartfeld wishes for the success of the Russian armies and the ruin of the Nazi ty-

rants,

Bolleve me, yours sincerely,

WINSTON S. CHURCHLL

at

will

foll

that or

the

The only thing we have it in

failed In

"You want to know why you asked the teacher.

your history test?" "Well, your answer to the question, Why did

go into

the

Finns had

our power to do is to base four telt strongly, The or five heavy bombing squa- taken the opportunity of the Ger drons in Northern Persia to man attack on Russia to renew aid the Russians in the defence hostilities on the Karellan front of the Caucasus, if that be in July, 1841. They hoped to possible, and If the worst hap- regain those territories lost by pens to bomb the Baku ollfelds the Treaty of Moscow the pre- effectively and try to set the vious year. Their military oper- ground alight. One cannotations in the autumn of 1041 tell how long the Russians will represented a grave retain the command of the only to Leningrad, but also to threat not Black Sea, although with their the supply lines from Murmansk forces it is inexcusable that and Archangel to the Russo- they should lose it.

German front.

Finland

The question of our breaking off relations with Finland had The effect of this agreement first been raised by M., Maisky in has been an immense streng- his interview with me on Sep thening of the morale of Mos- tember 4. I knew this cow. The maintenance of this subject on, which the Russians morale will depend on delf-

very

I do not regard the military situation here as safe for the winter months, I do think that morale might make it safe. Wo gave our treasures, and they were accepted by those who were fighting for their lives.

•

Deep feeling

My wife felt very deeply that our inability to give Russia any military help disturbed and dis- tressed, the nation increasingly as the months went by and the Gez- man armies surged across the steppes. I told her that a Second Front was out of the question and that all that could be done sending of supplies of all kinds for a long time would be the on a large scale, Mr. Eden and 1 encouraged her to explore the possibility of obtaining funda by

ful tribute both to the British to bypass the merchant even Bleak reception Government and to the local here and deal direct with the

On September 28 our Mission voluntary subscription for medi authorities, and, with due consumer abroad. There is arrived in Moscow. Their recops cal aid. This bad already been modesty, to the ingenuity price control, which traders tion was bleak and discussions bogun by the British Red Cross shown by traders themselves, would like to seo abolished in not at all friendly. It might al- and St. John's, and my wife was was their just due. As a re favour of more intense com- pught in which the Soviets now to head the Appeal for Aid to most have been thought that the invited by the Joint Organisation sult of these and other factors petition as, in their opinion, a found themselves was our fault, Russia. At the end of October which are recited in detail better form of restraint, in The Soviet generals and officials under their auspices, she fasted the economy of Hong Kong sturdy defiance of the trend gave no information of any kind her Arst Appeal. has been re-established on "a of the times. But there is, on colleagues. They did not even once forthcoming. For the next to their British, and American A generous response was at firm foundation" While the other hand, the new pat inform them of the basis on which four years she devoted herself to China still leads in the tern of trade which will last,Russian needs of our precious this task with enthusiasm Colony's trade, the old lure perhaps, at least as long as the war materials had been estimate responsibility. In all nearly has not been allowed to present phase of uncertainty formal entertainment, until almost contributions of rich and poor

ed. The Mission was given no 000,000, were collected by 1 obstruct new paths of trade, in China.- Boside it all, we the last night, when they were alike,pe. Many wealthy people and there has been substantial see the steady and continuous invited to dinner at the Kremila. made munificant donations, but development of trade with growth of local, int South East Ash as well as whose p

with Japan, Formosa, and

Korea. There has been a

Tel. 33007|| swing-over from the NEW Asia

Group to the BE, Aria

and

the

It must not be thought that the bulk' of the money came from such andechsion among me the weekly subscriptions of the prooccupied with the gravest mass of the nation's Thus, through affairs may not be helpful to the the powerful organisation of the progress of (business stons,the, Bad Cross And:31. John's and, in

FOLLOW

Wan

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