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FRIDAY MARCH 3, 195

WINSTON CHURCHILL'S WAR MEMOIRS, THE THIRD BOOK

THE GRAND ALLIANCE The Hess Incident

that that particular argumenti will be very good for the British Cabinet, because, you know, there is a good deal of courage in this country, and we are not very fond_of_threats."

(D)

Considering how closely Hea He will not be ill-treated, but ing that he did not know of, or was knit to Hitler, it is surpris- it is desirable that the Press that if he knew he did not dis should not romanticise him and close, the impending attack his adventure. We must not forget Russia, for which such vast pre- that he shares responsibility for parations were being made. The Advertisments -- and - Business all Ultler's crimes and is a poten-Soviet-Government-wero... deeply communications should be ad- tial war criminal whose fate must intrigued by the Hess

episodo, dressed to the Company CHINAcision of the Allied Governments. theorica around R.

-the-do-and-they-wove-many-distorted ultimately depend-upon-the MAIL LTD,

addressed to Editor-in-Chief.

you

cnn.

hard wherever But I can

that confirm was indeed always dimcult the Fuohrer to give orders these (air and U-boat) attacks in

Stalin's theory

mar

By Winston Churchill.

Moreover, though campaign is! a daring venture, we are not without hope that it might succeed to the extent of halting the Germans beibre they over- run all Greece.

It has to be remembered that the stakes are big. If we fail to help the Greeks thero fà no hope of action by Yugoslavia, and the future of Turkey may easily be compromised. Though therefore none of us can guai- antee that we may not have to play trump cards, we believe that this attempt to help Greece should be made. It i course, quíta possible that when we

see the Grocks to morrow they may not wish us to come.

or

Bursin puts hér currency on a gold basis, with the idea of making it ruble instead of rubble. light of the Briti offer. made plain the logical conclu- "More smokers found among alon of the attitudo taken up Japan women." by the President of Council. If Gadi

Myrtle's we were to delay action fear of provoking the Germans,

for grandfather, in my young days you never saw· ́smokers hmong such action must inevitably be the ladies. In fact, we sted to too inte.

arrangements which had been He then described the detailed agreed

The discussions lasted some 10 hours, and covered the main points of political and military co-operation.... Wo were all Impressed by frankness and fair dealing of Greck represen- tatives

dia on all subjects cussed, I am quite sure that it is their determination

to resist to the utmost of their strength, and that His Majesty's Government ̈ have no ̈alterna- tive but to back them whatever the ultimate

consequences. While recognising the risks, wo must accept them. On these. messages, which

Now the moment had" coino

her perkt

have to go out to the stables.

the bomb which exploded on an It is suggested in Quebec. that airlines was made by a clock maker.

Watchman,' what of the fight?..T

So

love

only

Gorgeous Gusale'a · ·latest match has gone pilt, mention this for the record lace we forget.

I

"Did you hear George has flu?"

"Has he now!.. Where to?"

Hemed to the King his attack a Balkan Front comprising with anti-louse powder. for YS which our Secret Ser-wished the discussions to be on With effects upon Soviet Russiaj of any

creep in.

**

Mr. President, all the above la for your own information. Herd we think it best to let the Press

Three years later when I was TIME AND TIDE have a good run for a bit and in Moscow on my second visit I keep the Germans guessing. The realised the fascination which The struggle of the hard German officer prisoners of war this topic had for Stalin, Ho

hore" were really perturbed by core of the Kuomintang in the news, and I cannot doubt that what was the truth

naked at the dinner tablo about the Taiwan to break through the there will be deep misgivings in Hess mission, I sald shortly web of legal technicalities, in the German armed forces about what I have written here. I had order to consolidate their own what he may say.

the feeling that he believed there had been some deep negotiation

Whether or not the strlicing and the Generalissimo's posi-

Simon, interview

or plot for Germany and Britain

carried with them the assent of American Airlines employees tion, coincides with the plans

to act together in the invasion of

both Dill and Wavell, it of several Formosan indepen- Simon to interview him, and on Remembering what a wire

Cabinet Invited Lord Russia which The

wan have grounds for complaint, the Athens conference had miscarried.

decided in the Cabinet to give company says it is groundless to dence groups in Japan to June

fear that their planes will be 10 a meeting took place. he is, I was surprised to find him General Wavell.

On the 22nd Mr. Eden, with tu approval to the proposals. the "When the Fuchrer," said Hess, silly on this point,

ย merge as a prelude to

grounded. Sir John Dill, Irrevocable decision and other officers, flew to Athens, launching of a new movement. "had come to the conclusion that

When the Interproter made to confer with the Greek King could not

not prevail plain that he This seeks to organise a common sense

did not bellove and

Following the Fuchs trial, it Government. ho acted just accord- what I said, I replied through Eden arrived in the evening for must be taken whether or not to regarded as Santo_only_by_the

When in' England,

Mr. when the irrevocable decision becomes evident that Klaus was -plebiscite.in Taiwan, to create o

ing-to-the-rule-of-conduct-of-Ad- an independent regime in the miral Lord Fisher: Moderation in statement of "When I maka s the Dest-contacts with the Greeks Bend the Army of the Nile to Run

facts within island, expel the Nationalist folly. If you strike, strike knowledge I expect it to be ac-af Tatol. The King at once asked

my he was taken to the Royal Palace Greece. This Krave stop wat in Government, and hold Taiwan

Stalin received this him if he would receive

I not only to help Greece his her it somewhat abrupt response with Prime against any Communist inva-

alone,

and torment, but to form Air passengers arriving "here grin There are lots

gainst the impending German from Japan are being sprayed sion. Any one of these ob-

for of that happen even here cluctance to do this, because he Yugoslavia, Jectives would be a pretty

Greece and Turkey, This is not, however, because tough proposition. Lumped

suspicion that illegal together as they are they be long to the realm of fantasy, The idea is to get the United Nations to move in the matter -as if one Kashmir is not enough! Previously one of the groups had petitioned General MacArthur to occupy the island so as to make a plebliscite possible. The new compromise plan was to apparently necessary bring all groups into line.

Taiwan is important in the present context of events only because it remains the last centre of Nationalist re- sistance and is the main base of the blockade and the air bombings. Of the value of these weapons in making friends and influencing people on the mainland we remain far from convinced. Certainly they are causing much loss of life, increasing disorganisa- tion and hardship, providing alibis for the Communists, and

Following Is summary of theatre.

creato a najor front in that

1

"America's cities browned out" And the people are browned

off.

Sextuplots born.

You won't believe this-but it

•

•

Bloke who took money

1

Nocturnal

pocket - searching wives should be warned that this Bort of thing can work both ways.

constantly in full sympathy with about." I let it go at that. It pained him deeply. He was vice do not necessarily tell me an entirely military basis. If we which could not be measured by Immigrants may be trying to the English people who wore

માન Reflecting upon the whole of it should be because of military been all-important if the Soviel were to send assistance to Greece us. These would certainly have victims of this method of wag,

this

story, I am glad not to be reasons, and be did not want leaders had realised what was ing war.... He said that even if responsible for the way in whien political considerations to play an coming upon them. vletorious one should not Impose Hess has been and L being undue part,

severe conditions any

on a treated. Whatever may be

It was not what we could send country with which it was de- moral

the However, the King persevered ourselves that could decide the guilt of a German who in his request, and he consented. Balkan issue. Our limited hope sired to come to an agreement stood near to Hitler, Hess had. At the meeting the Prime Minis- was to stir and organise united thought that if England

Then, the keynote for Hess: " in my view, atoned for this byter M. Korvais, read him a state-action. If at the wave of our wand didn't happen in America. knew of this face might be

onen his completely devoted and fran- ment setting forth the outcome of Yugoslavia, Greece and Turkey tle deed of lunatic benevolence, the Greek Cabinet discussions in would all set together, it seemed possible that England on her part He came to us of his own free the past day or two. would be ready for agreement*

at Hitler really was, If only England knew how-kind

surely would meet his wishes!

Much learned medical investi- gation has been devoted to Hess's Wis mental state. Certainly he neurotic, a split noul seeking peace in the pursuit of

power and position and in the worship of a leader. But he was more than a medical case. Ho be- lieved passionately in his vision of Hitler's mind,

If only En

it too, how land could share much suffering could be and how easy it would

saved be to agree! A free) hand for Ger- many in Europe and for Britain in her own Empire! Other minor German colonies, the evacuation conditions were the return of the or Iraq, and an armistice and peace with Italy.

We did not then know that ho by President of the Council at was already deeply set upon his references are those made by the

Myrtle thinks that

cross

ada her typing errors. The Pretender

to

the Spanish

go on fighting with all her forces he risked falling between two throne will be received by the untu daal victory. This deter stools, and might easily unpair his Pope "purely as a pilgrim." mination is not limited to the

-It remains to be seen' whether will make any pilgrim

will, and, though without autho As this statement forms the

to us that Hitler might either let belonging to his wife found guilty rity, had something of the qua-basis of our action, I set it forth the Balkans oft for the time baing of larceny. she lity of an envoy. He was a me-in full.

or become so heavily engaged Mr. Eden to Prime dical and not a criminal

with our combined forces as to and should be so regarded.

case, Minister.

23 February 41. By the desert victories of the

written declaration given to me Arst two months of 1941, writes Mr. Churchill, “the

outset of our meeing today. "the Army of the Nile had advanced 500

"I desire to repeat most gigantic invasion of Runde f miles, had destroyed an Italian

had we should have felt more categorically that Greece, as a confidence in the success of our army of more than nine divi-

faithful ally, is determined to policy. We should have seen that sions, and had captured 130,000 prisoners, 400 tanks and 1.200 suna. The conquest of Cyren. atca was complete." In spite of these victories, BO' grave and complex were the Issues, both diplomatic and milltary, which were at stake in the Middle East, and General hands, that at the meeting of the Wavell had so much. on his Detence Committee on February 11 it was proposed to send the stimulating anti-American As it was, England's position Foreign Becretary [Mr. Eden] was hopeless. If she did Land General Dil, the Chief of propaganda. These are agree to these conditions "soon-the Imperial General Staff, to scarcely the right kind of pre-er or later the day will come Join him in Cairo. paration for a come-back on

when she will be forced to ae-

During Mr. Eden's absence I cede to them. the mainland and a softening up of the Communists. Indeed

This was, To this Lord took charge of the Foreign Office.

Simon replied: "I do not think

of

a heavy course, addition to my work. I had, how- ever, been accustomed to read

-

****the case of Italy, but will apply to supreme undertaking for the saka any German aggression.

of a Balkan preliminary. This is what actually happened, but we progress. 2. Greece has only three could not know at the time. Some divisions in Macedonia on the Bulgariari frontier.

may think we bullded rightly: at however they had so far only re- Conse- quenly, a purely military pro- knew.

least we builded better than walceived an evasive reply to [their] blem arises of what reinforce-

approach made at our instance. ments should be sent to enable

They felt concerned lest Russian

Rumania and about forces mo

the Greek army to resist the Mr. Eden's account of his dis- ghould attack [them] if Turkey German. While more or less cussions with the Turks was not became involved in war with accurate Information is avall encouraging. They realised their Germany. able about German forces in but they, like the Grecks, were is that Turkey undertakes to any own dangers as acutely as we did, The upshot of these discussions

woevent to enter the war at some bilised in Bulgaria, the Greek convinced that the forces Government, for their

could offer would not be sufficient stage. She will of course do so so far only know what British to make any real difference to an Inmediately she is attacked. But if she is given time by Germans help might be given to them actual battle. within a period of a

Mr. Eden to Prime Minister. month's time. Moreover, they do not

part

they may well be decisive in Manchuria unchanged, and all-tho-top-level-daily-telegrams-know what are the Intentions-CIGS and I-this-morning had make (war::at-a: moment favour~~~~ p

persuading-the-Communists to make a determined effort to reduce the island.

The Chinese racial movement came Prime Minister, and in my public sentiment resents it. and special reports since I be has lately been given

correspondence with the Pro- the sldent

and name of liberation. It is a Governments I had drafted many other heads ot term that expresses a deeper of the most important outgoing urge than the rather ironical

messages. significance currently attri- buted to it.

SHORTEST & FASTEST Stalin, and that a counter-political landslide is not to be

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Crossed telegram

Cairo, 20-February-41.

Do not consider your selves obligated to a Greek en terprise if in your hearts you feel it will only be

another Norwegian fiasco. If no good. plan can be made please may

The main point made in General Chiang Kai-shek's personal message, dropped by aircraft over the mainland

the interviews with foreign Am

Except in special cases I left just after the signature of the

bassadors to the Permanent Un- Moscow Pact, was that Mao

Interventionists must un

der-Secretary,

Sir Tse-tung had given in to derstand that an immense Parl

Alexander Cadogan, and to Mr. Buller, the Parliamentary Under-Secretary offensive on the mainland remedied with

whole story of foreign affairs depended on corresponding shovel. It is better to stay this I had in any case to com- war strategy was at this time fused into one single theme, and action by the Chinese in "free strictly on the defensive til prehend, and as far China." In Taipeh itself the opportunity beckons with un-shape. opinion was expressed that mistakeable gesture rather serious economic troubles, than seek suicide on forlorn aggravated by the blockade hopes. There has been a re-Prime Minister to Mr. Eden, which almost cancels each vival of hope and morale other out and adverse reac- among the Nationalists. We -top-to-the-Moscow Pact, were no longer hear of air, naval or helping the Nationalist cause, military defections. But there The new Moscow Pact does can be no claim of separate not. give much scope to those identity. There is a great gap committed to the older 1945 between the object and the Pact. It is not what is going, subject of history, but it is on in small centres of peasant better than complete destitu- resistance to crop seizures that Hon. It may be that, given matters much at present. This patience and restraint, events is the sort of thing that comes or circumstances on the main and goes and takes long to land may rescue the hard core develop, into a political force of organised Nationalism. It "Free China" is a term inap is too arrogant and unrealistic plicable to them. Two dean approach to talk of cades and more elapsed be- rescuing the mainland. tween the formation of Com-The tides of the age are munist guerilla bands and the supremely great and power- conquest of China by the ful, but they do obey the law socalled People's Liberation of ebb and flow. Whatever is Armies

to be done must be consistent

to re-equip herself she will take 28 Feb., 11. advantage of it, and will then

of Turkey and Yugoslavia. In

discussion on extremely frank and able to the common cause, when these circumstances, your Ex-friendly basis with President of her weight can be used with real cellency's arrival in the Middle the Council, Minister for Foreign effect. East is of the greatest help not Affairs, and Marshal Chakmak.... only for the purpose of clarify that they could hold the Germans If attacked, Turks felt confident Ing the situation, but also of for a time, though they would turning it to the common ad-

vantage of Great Britain and hope that we should be able im- Greece.

mediately to come to their asla 43. I desire to repeat

одев tance........They stated their read- again that, whatever the out-iness to concert action with Yugo- come and whether Greece has slav Government, from whom

or has not any hope of repuls- ing the enemy In Macedonia, she will defend her national territory, even, if she can only enunt on her own forces." The Greek Goverment wished us to understand that their de- cision had been taken before they know whether we could prive King had wished Mr. Eden to them any help or not. The

conversation opened, know this before the military was the basis upon which they and this took place.

Important message

After military conferences and

so. But of course you know Staff meetings held all night and how valuable success would be, the next day, Mr. Eden sent us This crossed.. telegrams picture of the convictions of the Agreement was reached to-| from the following most important Mr. Eden; which have clear telegram, men on the spot, and included the conclusions of the conference in Cairo between him and Dill with three Commanders-in-Chief,

We are agreed we should do everything in our power to bring the

· fullest men f help to the Greeks at the earliest posible moment. If the help we can offer is accepted by the Greeks we * bellave, that there

day. [23rd]" with the Greek Government on all points. When at the end of discussions I asked whether the Greck Government would welcome the

arrival in Greece of British troope M "numbers and on con- ditions we proposed, President of Council stated the Greek Government accep

formally that tod our offer with gratitude and approved, all detailed

· meats touched a beteN2

¿two" General Stán:

a fair chance of halting a German advance and prevent». Ing. Greece from being overrum. however, especially in the alry Lalmitation of our resources,

The Prendent of Cou

Council after resmirming the deter will not allow of help being

mination of Greece to defend given to Turkey at the same herself tealast: Germany, ref= time if Greece is to be supporterated the mizzivings of the ted on an effective scalo k On the same day Mr. Eden ment another telegram from Cairo,

What does matter is, what with time and tide. It must is going on in minds of the be consistent with the larger Chinese about Communist alms of the Chinese racial policy" generally, and, more movement of liberation from immediately, about the Mon- past and present, and the crea- cow Fact. In terms of strategy | tion of a new synthesia be: As regards the general prue and politics, this is now the tween both the old way of life main factor in the tire and the world & conflict in altuation. The Pact its whi the movement has been element of form

be con strength-in" the ur of mutual defend which reckles

in futile. It HAN weakness in that- boing, it leaves the

pects of a Creek campaign, it is of course, sarble, to send forces to the urinland

ope to faht Germans, (at this umeNo one, can a give, a guarantee of succe but when

mattor Iri: epäred"

wo dlaw

aid the risk of

Greek Governmentlastin- sufletent British help should merely precipitate German attack; and, stated "think it was essential to determine whether available Greek, forces and forces which we could provide would stuffed to constitute

realstance

the

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