1949-12-21 — Page 10

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IN MEMORIAM

Wote In ever-loving memury nd Siemay, lost in the pilane-

Hasall December 21, 1948

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WE

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To wnder ngan nevei URPE

KASHMIR AS A KEY

TO UNITY

In the cold war that is now In waged at ever-increas-

m temper it the Far East theres hardly a development

all Asia that is irrelevant. Kashmir is far away, and the dingule has gone on so long! that the impatient, or hered-| les, might well wish it were father away still But it is of the most vital importance the labsation of Com- monwealth weight and thority in the struggle for peace and security now going

tutt

au-

Cas

Events in China represent an enormous displacement of balance of power the compared with even a year

It may agros.

be more ap than real that has parent! yet to be shown. The United States is hastening the inevit- able emergence of Japan, as partial makeweight for lost ground. The Commonwealth luks to India balancing factor.

as a

majet

it

Meanwhile Kashmir is Hability all round. It is R persistent irritant in the re lations

and between India Pakistan, and therefore H source of weakness to both, and to the Commonwealth as u whole. There is nothing| either party can lose by Kashmir agreement that will not be outweighed by the general gain.

THE CHINA MAIL;, WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 21, 1045.'

SEARCHING FOR GOLD IN

THE CITY OF WALTZES

One hundred feet below the surface of Vienna's busy In- ternational Zone, a score of in-

By Ritchie McEwen

dustrious beachcombers are gold tooth-fillings opd inlays,, along in 1020, and I was out of

at work, night and day,

They are panning the ailt of the city's 2,000 miles of sewers and underground tunnels for gold and

|

precious stones,

coloured

beads, rife and pistol work, I thought of the old man om- and the sewers, and tried my hand ammunition, political party blems cigarette lighters, and a ni the game. I've been here now host of other nicknäcka.

most days for 18 years. average about 50 schillings dny, which isn't a bad wage, and I'm my own boss,"

"I first Came down into the sewers na a nipper with an old man who used to hunt for coins," said Franz. "The first time I ran ioway, us the darknes and the

Franz lives in two rooms, in one of the big blocks of workers" fats, with his wife and five children.

"My eldent boy didn't fancy the game at all, and works for a came building Blem, but the second lad

rata frightened me. But soon got used to it, and came down quite a lot. "When boots, well

the depression

It was raining hard in Karl's Squure when I descended the nar- row iron spiral stair with a police patrol on its regular tour of duty in the underworld labyrinth,

We were wearing two pairs of dentma cach, and long. heavy,

all studded leather Areased to keep out the water. The patrol was armed, and enz- torchex, emergency larus tucked into the tops of their boots, A small seachlight made up the empient of the party

z

t

After we had rounded four or Ave bends in the staircase, the street toises and the harsh sound of the rala were suddenly cut off,

became humid and evi smeling, and darkness closed in FIŢI FIN I was astonished at file newerk with the mebanel big enough to drive; a true through, Ten men can walk abu esat in the smaller pon- NIKUR

the

e

Feeble glare

Suddenly, i was aware of o at rai funt, and

every Hounding #bend step we took we were confrunderk by a KiDut water full, with a racing torent of Black ugly water pouring over its crest af uemendutus speed

then getting border with

Here the sal scores of "The Third Mon were marcie, The patrol fender proudly showed me The l belond which Olson Welly hard, while the police patrol in which he took part--carried on the manhunt for him at a lowe devel

London comments:

Chinese Reds and overpopulation

By "Windrush"

plcted, the defence problem

the

West is really nnly begin

What exists at the niʊnient K paper plants The problem is

to convert them into reality.

There were two ticles on the Atlantir powers have been com- Far East in the maxiZNIS [P- cently. In

"New The

Statesman, Martinel

Lindsay continues his series of articles

on the Chinese Communists. He argues that the t'orumnists will now have to Tare the basle economie and s real problem of China, which is How will they population.

set about it?

Michael Lindsay says that the Les en Comununist writings sug- west that only 25 per cent of the cultivable and in China is untly cult

e on tw

"it the Atlantic Pnet organian- tion is to avert war, the defence of Europe must be on an influiter

than it is

Is ál stronger preseni. Specifically, the num- ber of divisions physically loent- frontiers of Western Europe must be at let trebled within the next three years and there must be mobile reserves cultivated!. If even a part There must be a faction and Our patred then elamtered over

of the residue could be brought strategie air force, a system of

great depth a number of small bridges, and up under the plough, the problemador detection in prad slnera ster! ladders, until we would be solved, is much cases.

communications protect- reached another level, where the bart Landsy adits that non-Com-ed by anti-submarine defence

These Ingels tramwert, and the Bowmanist writers are sceptical about

requirements con quieter and more snoothly.

must exist not simply as promiser the figures.

to be redeemed to wartime but the distant gloom we suddenly saw thickeriti light. As

being." forces actually In sheet nearm the patrol fender cal). ed out a peremptory challenge, and the serenlight was switched

ציון

wr

Litsider The feeble glure of # primitive cartside lamp, a small

wizened.

baired that kut ping over a worn leather ant-

well chart Frau Spræhal was known to the policemen, at had prastam to come slowit to hunt for "terbare knye.”

Be showed me his day's takings, spreading out the satchel contents

side along the slippery

of the

which gives consent, also by Pakistan. Relations between the top leaders have always been

when friendly, even

seemed most controversy

in the economic fleid. psychological

sense,

One way of dealing with a po pulation crisis I Birth control, "The Communista have the techniques of £11438

arted 4421

The problem for Britain is n etlucation anetal. How can she finance the which would make it possible to cast of contributing to West Bu stabilise the population before it ropes defe

defence.

well as ol

#L

struggle

Outlook alarming

the

the future is still

Chinese

In

at

The

argues that

www.

Is learning the art of parming with me and will carry on when I'm too old," he added.

Nazi badges

scooped

Then, dressed in an old suit of denims, a cloth cap, and thigh waders, Franz waded into mid- stroam and, using a long-handled, heavy shovel, carefully up the silt from the bed of the channel into a large sieve. When it was full he expertly riddled and washed it until all the refuse was washed away, leaving a col- lection of old nalis and a variety of oddments.

Good Morning

"Us intensifies drive to bring closer Nippon cultural ties."

think Frankly, I never did theno American tics cultural, even the ones with sunkets on Chem,

So Berlin is going to have a Stalin Álloo.

I still prefer Sally in mine.

found on board

"Toilet sonp cargo vensei."

and air, soya father, when 1

I noticed a large number of shot,¦ first We were and was told they come from the enrbolle. mine merchants' Rewers, and are uned to scour out the wine enska and bottles.

•

•

Myrtle's grand-

was apprentleed

"Pope of Pence."

Jucky to get

•

The paraphrase will be taken from "Hiawatha."

*

Carefully, nalla and other "Iron" objects were removed from the sieve with a powerful magnet. The rest of the "haul" he core- "Bearers carried his litter for fully put in his sutehel,

teains

of four, chanting; 'Oh "Sometimes I get a good muk" Lord Buddha, lighten our lond! Franz told me. "Fifteen years Mr. Thomas said he lost 15 lbs

ago I found a big tiers studded with precious stone», I got

during the experience.' good You can't soy Buddha isn't price for that. During the war, I right on the job.

got a ring with a one-und-a-half caral diamond set in it. 1 swop- ped the ring for 30 lbs. of ham,

which was worth more to me than any amount of money, then. I had to be careful though, as lilclt fand barter curried the death penalty in wartime.

"At the end of the war I found

Beating the gun?

The Dutch are mystified by a strange aircraft unidentifier! Indonesians.

which dropa to tho cylinders

Could be Sania

Cluus getting

hundreds of Nexi Party badges in early, 1 s'pose. every day, and bits of uniform too.

"The best times to get a good haul is when it rains, But the water level rises very

quickly. and in half-an-hour can rise six feet or more, and if you are not careful, the skle channels are under water and blocked up nod Several have you cannot get out been drowned that way

Here. I noticed, the water level was rising rather rapidly, so we moved our leaving Fran and his satchel under Use carbide lfare.

"British cabinet meets to study Peking."

inte require very 11 should! Peking to show what is wanted.

Escape route

Before the thirties. This under- ground muze of tortuous sewers harboured large numbers of dun- gerous criminals. Murderers hid from Justice, and escaped convicts made their homes here. It was,

chen.

More howlers.

The climate of Bombay in such that its Inhabitants have to live elsewhere.

The equator is a menagerie lion the north and

through Adrien.

A bamboo is an Italian baby, Faith is the quality which en- ables us to believe what we know to be untrue,

A refugee keeps order at 韭 football match,

Henry VII by his own efforts increased the population of Eng-

and by 40,000. A Soviet is

P

4

•

"Commonwealth countries plan-

Canada väld

cold."

regime;

Can't we keep these weather

cloth used by bad increased much beyond its dircharging her defence commit- present Bgure." But the tradiments in the Middle East and the in short, a veritable thieves' kll-waiters in hotels.

pal Communist line is to re- Indian Ocean? The economie fuse to admit the existence of a implentions are appalling.

Wenz! Kapelsky, perhaps Aus- No, Myrtle, this "Soviet t

Thus there defence budget, standing now of trio's most notorious kliler and problem.

1,000 speeding of

Aubs" has population prol be

between may

гол £800,000,000 may have to be in-housebreaker, his burglary "selentine" Commurists who are creased,

nothing to do with Moscow gold. **There ነዚ п strong school here in the twenties.. in favour of birth control and the templation to say that we cannot was said that Kopetsky could open

Having got rid of his ulcers, "doctring|res" who oppose IL.

afford such a defence policy, and any safe then inade, with skeleton

announces keys and by car alone. The Acting President L The "Eronomist" discusses the leave it at that."

ho that he will return to China to of housebreaking external policies the new

of

The "Economist" knows that methods article, Chu. This

entilled would be fatal to fall into this taught his pupils are still used by get rid of the ousters. An 'apprentice'

"China looks South," is an im- templation, But the temptation towbreakers in Vienna.

First he would select a likely Yesterday's headlines: His "treasure" included cuins of portant one, all the more so be to the British public may be Ir-

"PAA has no knowledge." to be shop or house to burgle, such as all sorts, from modern French enuso it is published a little be-resistible if it continuer

"PAA to seek guidance." francs, American times and Rus-fore the Colombo Conference. left as much in the dark about Jeweller's, and then bore a hole

And yet we keep hearing so slun routies, to uld coins of the

the real facts of defence as it le through the drain under the build-

ing until he reached "Economist"

the floor- much about this American know- Austro Hungarian monarchy, sume

The present.

He and bourds. of them more than 100 years old;

his apprentices how. The "Economist" Бауа that concludes its article with an at-worked a few hours every day, though no great violence has yet tack on the complacent secrecy the traffic noises deadening the "Hundreds of enterprising been done to the remnants of of the Minister of Defence.

suurid of their tunnelling.

dealers are being turned away tureign interests in China, the! U.S. influence

Then, when nil was ready, he without permission to hawk their outlook for

There can be little doubt that would break through, during the wears on Vatican land." alarming.

night, and make off with the loot

Reminds me of the story of the The Peking conference of Asian the most brilliant and stimulating down the sewers, coming up miles three bares, and Australasian trade unions has article which has appeared dur away from the scene of the crime.j heated. But one dispute has brought into being a Far Eastern Ing the week is by Bertrand Köpetsky killed six policemen in

Cominform "What

most Russell on the Political and Cul- sawer gun-ights before being ning simultaneous recognition of The difficulties are peculiar. been piled on another, even striking in the new Chinese Com-tura) Influence of America. This trapped above ground and Peiping

was in the "Listener. Is that it

hanged, In a inform programme There is, for example, the

Bertrand Russell

Malters were so serious by the the to be applied over a region passionate complex of Pandit

Imperial in the last 100 America that special squad situation is Nehru's personal attitude as

so serious as to matchy formerly Held tid completely-changed. Its role-in-of-pollee-wen-torina pe piatra nd reports out of the diplomatic

A century sewers. in the eyes of Europe.

When Hitler took over roundups? paramount ΟΙ native Kashmiri which call for a determined effort

position, and

andin makes it so

to give an entirely different which large Chinese communities ago, when most of Europe was Austriu, one of the first things the un-negotiable.

of have been built up in modern still under monarchical govern- Nazis did was to organise a There are also problems of direction to the course

erica symbolised all sewer-to-sewer manhunt, and lowed to go down the sewers events. No better beginning times by emigration from China. ment,

that the European liberal was round up hundreds of undesir-without police permission, and prestige and feeling in both

region which, 4130 the

there are day police patrols to en- It meant demo-ables. India and Pakistan contri-

plan for struggling for. Japanese

Since then no one has been al- force the law, Greater East Asia, was to have cracy, freedom and progress. To- buting to the same sense of Impotence. These delicate The British Foreign Secre- been completely separated from day, now that Europe has be

All contact

or confection

with come socialiat, America has come complications no doubt tary has referred to the great prompted the decision to put potential weight of the Com-the West, and included together to be regarded by Europe as the

with China, in bloc of states stronghold of conservatism. nations of the Chin

But Russell

that the problem into the hands monwealth

wider Japanest hcgemony;

Europe Uniform of the United Nations in Indo-Pacific areas, AJ'36.

"Tho propagando against Anglo-America has in alleves is desirable on

which the America

poured

continuing to forth profoundly and stead of settling it within the action

do so For America means a Commonwealth as a more or question of recognition of [from Tokyo only five years ago state of mind. It means the be

has now been taken over, some! the new Chinese regime. It times in identical phrases, by llef that men, by their own ac is even more necessary in the communist China, and with. I tivity, can change the conditions implementation of the broad the basle idea of Greater East of life and make existence more This contrasts with policy to which this act. Is Asia, though in the new version tolerable. merely the opening of the the hegemony will be not Japan's the traditional view of Asia, and in part of Europe. too-that man door. Kashmir is the main "Communism has been able to 18 a passive thing, and that all obstacle to such a united outbid the Kuomintang as the or most of his efforts at reform front which, once establish- prospective. champion of Chinese end in disaster.

Russell odds that the country. ed, would have a profound nationalism in most of its claims which has the closest resemblance effect on the whole future of renomlet" argues that to America is Soviet Russia. Far Eastern diplomacy. the Kuomintang after the war "The

"There also there is optimism forward and pursue

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less domestic issue.

Now an ingenious.com- promise has been decided upon which may break the deadlock to which the Unit- ed Nations Commission has confessed. The present Chair- man of the Security Council is the Canadian delegate, General McNaughton. He thus unites in his own person both the United Nations and the Commonwealth. The

in a

than could be made happy Kashmir settlement.

the abortive

but China's.

Tho

It has been suggested that could not

America

ཨམ་

energy, there is almost

in the hope of advancing a productive if directed on en- the Commare unilkely to favonects Of American j

"When

a doctor whose bed-side manner

a new UN. Commission be policy either in the North of the boundless belief in human, power Council has authorised him appointed. It is to be hoped South. In the North it dared not there is determination to réxarr

In the South it rather than obstacles." the

It nature as provoko Russia.

providing opportunities to meet informally with the this wont be necessary. In- was held in checks because of Indian and Pakistan delegates formal, talks may be more dependence on America. Today,

does not ignore the un-

In the North

or influence. American indifference. American: sontiment- settlement.

tirely new lines. They should challenge

Manchuria.

allam дна The present problem is to be developed so that Kash-n;

"But in return for their acto some of the values of Euro solve

outstanding issues, mir, now the line of acute ceptance of a treaty position in pean civilisation have lowered which have been narrowed division, may become instead Manchuria which was not of their the standards of world culture down to a few hitherto in a unifying link between the making, they have the support of But Russell does: value the tractable points, so as to al- two Dominions.

the Russian bloc for a forward buoyancy of America, polley. In the South. The Com-

by lectured wo are low of the final settlement in There will never be a per-munist technique is one which optimletle Americans we are apt Kashmir itself. For this role manent remedy for all the promises the best returns on a to feel the kind of annoyanc the American Admiral ills of partition until some very small capital of national that a suffering patient feels with Nimitz was nominated a long provision is made for united military power time ago. He cannot function consultation and petfon, such

Red methods: while the two partics differ as a sort of Privy Council, in There is no danger in the near a certain bupyancy of spirit of on important points, which both Dominions are future of Chinese fleets and which, at the moment, America It would be better still if represented, for the Indian armies following the Japanese and Russid share the monopoly.

of Austerity pail, of conquest to the : Eny: of b

ไข่ the whole question could be sub-continent. The political nengal or the Timor Sea. But present,

unavoidable ni sent, but, it should resemble solved in informal talks at solution of Kashmir should communist methods of subver the Trugality of a young man Lake Success. That is per- anticipate and contribute to sive propaganda and intrigue, determined to succeed,) not; the haps too much to hope for such a final settlement of bands, might have great success tears to lose the last remnant of

with the

infiltration of ariped parsimony, of an old man who But a large measure of suc Indo-Pakistan relations. If cess in these talks might well the problem is taken out of against weak or vacillatingt op his former fortune,

position in a region already fullFear han led us to lay to reduce the ultimate task to the narrow complex of Na- of diorder, and unrest, much ampliasis on safety and one, merely, of supervision. tionalistle rivalries, and put

enterprise. the new move is welcomed on the higher plane of The principal article in the out vlak, nothing can be achlover #beonornist to Indy Realled suché faytnik Tespect, I walcoma the in- Dilemmasar Det

is unduly cheerful. But we shall not solve aur problems withou

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