1949-10-24 — Page 8

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THE CHINA MAIL, MONDAY, OCTOBER 24, 1949.

UNESCO AND THE SCHOOLS Coo

of UNESCO.

Editor's Note: The following is a special cddress by Mr. TE, be carried out unless we have Rowell, Director of Education, broadest yesterday over Rediffu-- interested and informed teachers. sion at the conclusion of United Nations Week.

This can only be done if training Institutions take it up seriously

man

Fixed Minds

is

It

very young

suppresses

But we must not stop with the

Morning

·

A scientist redintains that the

inside of the earth isn't as hot as it is claimed.

In my fumble opinion, neither is the outside,

The question is now whether

nest.

"Mans ahead in snooker tourney.”

professional

I thought for a moment it was

the a singular heading.

all efforts to change him fail. facts about en, to prescat | Education Authorities; there are

of

г

two

ong Truth Will Out

great-great-grand-

On the November 16, 1945 a constitution WEBS drawn up establishing the United Nations Educational Scientific and Cul- tural Organisation, generally There is some very fine senti- day efforts on an international by giving special attention

ment in the original declaration scale to move people towards 2 courses of study on such things called UNESCO, for the pur-of UNESCO which is worth reworld society. In this way can an as the United Nations, its pose of advancing the objec-petition. The Governments of the intelligent publie opinium, be built

Agencies and Systems through tives of international peace States, taking part declared on up. and of the common welfare of behalf of their peoples That

And here we have the funda- lectures, research, films, discus sion groups and so forth Far since wars begin in the minds of mental difference between the ticularly should there be plenty Editor in Chief

24354 mankind.

men it is in the minds of men ideals of the United Nations Or- This body is not constitutionally that the defences of peace must ganisation and any

of material in the libraries. Reporters & General Office 92312

nationalistic part of the United Nations Organ-be constructed and that ignorance

Nor should those who are al- (four linea),

isation but a Specialised Agency of each other's ways and lives has an intelligent public opinion while gional seminars, summer, or vaca France has produced a Mayer's ideology. The former welcomes

ready teaching be forgotten. Re- Subscription Rates

brought into being by it. UNESCO been a common cause of suspicion the

latter works very closely with the United Nations but it has its own

and mistrust which have all too UNESCO has not only set out in schools and courses and the often broken into war". organisation, staf

its arms; it has

forward Preparation of talks to be given put and budget

at meetings of teachers associa and its own headquarters

practical suggestions for achiev ir

tions should be encouraged and A11 new contributions, to

Paris. The United Nations Gen-

ing those almos Now the mind of the mature

fácilitated. addressed to Editor-in-Chiel.

eral Assembly, in

not possible, with 1947, recom- Advertisements and Business commended all Governments to en-

often very fixed and munications should be addressed courage instruction about the UN

international -guvern- to the Company CHINA MAIL and invited UNESCO to assist. I:

All too frequently he tooks upon ment, it is possible to emphasise other groups, some government the people of other nations, if he the formation of habits of co- and

also Precocious little beggar. some voluntary, who is a matter for regret that the

"A baby at Great Warles, Soviet Union and a few other

even thinks about them at all, operation and fair play together share in influencing the lives of members of the United Nations

as ju misérable foreigners, with a sense

of responsibility young people. All should be, in England, has living four grand- have

and usually, inferior beings This is a basic not- joined UNESCO.

education for some way, assisting to arouse parents, four, great grandparents, to himself. In order to realice its objec

international understanding and interest in the ideals of United and

children." What can be tives the

les Nations. The aim should not be dope with the can be developed with adoles to propagandise others and IT SER Organisation was to mind of a child has been illustrat cents Into those qualities of to give a fresh impulse to popular ed to often to need stressing and citizenship without which inter- pupils and make them uncritical education by collaborating-in the certainly all political ideologies national government cannot suc advocates and proponents of UN has lived to a srren, of age. He Myrtle says her grandfather development of

of educational faci- which have gained adherents and reed.

Rather is it the object to make by advancing the ideal of power in the last forty years Despite a good deal of violity of educational opport-have

was swindled three times after lent party propaganda before-

I would emphasise that this is them realise the importance of achieved

he was 70. hand, the Austrian elections unity and by suggesting educa success through much of their the ideal in theory. To put it into the inter-government system an

the schools. passed off without a single tional methods best suited to pre-

practice is another matter, espeel- that only complete co-operation The ideal in education, as ex- ally in a Colony like Hong Kong of all people will produce the Bad Sign. disquieting incident and, so pare the children of the

for the responsibilities of free-pare boys and girls to take an

world pressed by UNESCO, is to pre-where the children owe allegiance desired result.

"The doctor issued the follow- far as is known, without any dom

in so many directions. Nor can Nor can we achieve these ob- ing bulletin: 'A 10 o'clock in- active part in the creation of a intimidation or external in-

The first of these, however, world society, based on peace and be given by teachers who know terial. UNESCO cites as impor- was slowly thinking. '''

this kind of specialised

the patient teaching

ma- dications were that jectives without adequate terference. The results show was only to be attempted in cases security and a fuller life for nothing about it and care less. tant three media which, unfor- an unchanged low percentage where the member state specifi- every human being. It should be Nothing can so damp the fire tunately, we have not got in of Communist votes, though nested the co-operation an essential of the teaching today

Hong youthful enthusiasm than Hong-Public Libraries, Museums "At the opening of the new the luck of the polls increased

that pupils learn about present apathetic and uninteresting in- and Theatres. There are, how department, the manager sain the number of Communist

struction-far better not attempt ever, many others but name can that their aim will always be to it than do that. and fellow-traveller seats

If a system of be so good as those life and government is to gain ocally by people who have an

prepared have the latest in women's wear from four to five. The So-

at appalling prices". favour through education then

intimate knowledge of local re- cialists made a net loss of nine

every teacher must have a com→

At Fanling over the week-end seats and the Catholic Peo-

pirte knowledge of, and enthus- quirement

Nevertheless, there are, in a golfer leaped up and down, let- ideals, basis aims, idea iasm for, its ple's party forfeited eight,

and political organisation.

UNESCO, materials which have ting out triumphant yells as his thus surrendering their pre-

This must be presented to the been prepared at an international drive dropped near the green and electoral over-all parliamen-

level from children in an intelligent and

details supplied by dropped neatly into the cup. tary majority. But there

attractive way during each stage educational authorities through- seems little doubt that these

of their education. They must be out the world. These can be ob- two large parties will con-

made to feel that they want to tained in limited quantity, from Consentery Eden brought the worker is now due to feel a savage become active participants in the the Education Department of

back tinue their present coalition, Conservative Party

to pinch. He has already felt a carrying out of the ideals

and UNESCO. political reality and there is no immediate question: What are we going to

with the sharp large part of it in the form of airs and, as they become older, likelihood of the People's Do about devaluation?

high prices outside a narrow to have the means of gratifying range of subsidised and con- their wish while still at school party being thrown into the

For devaluation in itself, he trolled

The internal de- artides. arms of the new "League of policy his hearers, is not a valuation the devaluation of the

Access To Facts bat desperate device, Independents," whose 16 seats

in its power to purchase goods only a "transient at

chanelling youthful home--has already largely thusiasm into support of the ideals represent the upsurge of those advantage" in the struggle to taken place. former Nazis and Pan-Ger- promote British sales in North

of international co-operation, we mans who were largely dis America and thus help this couners goods at these

When we tried to offer foreign-must allow access to all the facts. size high The children anust be allowed to franchised at the 1945 elec- tion. The now enlarged elec-re are the would it be to rises in & s. d. their answer was: learn and to form their opinions Don't go on pretending your is teely. We must not divert their torate has exhibited a dis-gistration

worth as much as 4.03

dollars

enthusiasm the way the German tinct swing to the Right, but Government would not have volume we'll begin to look at your goods, have done, by misleading and ex-

perch, and then

Nezis did

and

as the Communists it may well be found that the Chancellor was no doubt sincere British prices,

The further rise

espans and stimulating but in internal

citing

slogans People's party, which has lost in his earlier disclaimera

consequential on false promises. the facts piled up till be small; but any

280 dollar rate, need only its more extreme elements to steadily

attempt to could no longer be

offset

it

by higher wages with In recent

much has been

out a corresponding increase in years accorded to the rank and file of ous circle of successive 4- production will surely lead to a British workers, and with the walzations. best intentions. Employers have yielded to wage claims, sometimes with misgivings, but always with hopes that these concessions could just be met.

Work, Wealth And Devaluation

offering

By ROY HARROD

try towards solvency.

Even

regard devaluation as a mere re

of the facts. Our

shosen this path and the

But

the "League of Independents," that were these factored.

was

consider the other aspect

of devaluation the device to get more sales in the dollar markets, It provides the opportunity to sell, but not the sales.

One More Aspect

There is one more Important

#

"What on earth is the matter. with you?" asked his wife.

"Why, dear. I've just hit the ball for a hole in one."

#

"But isn' that what you're supposed to do?" she demanded.

". "There is no freedom" in Rus- aspect of this work. It cannot sia. It is a classic example of a be denied that there are mii- police state, just as Russia ua- flons of Illiterates in the Com-der the cars was a polite state."

Their policemen used to monwealth and among the

wonderful. members of the United. Nations- For these,

the approach suggestions I have made. targely

nullified

and

Quite right too.

are

by thele

plan for

be

"From this day I will not be

tracted by my wife."

illiterary. UNESCO has there responsible for any deaths con- fore, developed Fundamental Education which A descriptive writer talks

only

on about the accusing glare of the literacy but deals with mat- traffic lights.

not

an

attack

and

tera physical and spiritual as Taxi-drivers easy to intrique

well. young mind by

short, It is, in presentation of the

It is beguile the ane-sided

But

with:

sensitive consciences are sometimes shock- campaign, ed to find themselves in the red.

to become world against ignorance (which can sol citizens dedicated to genuine easy

easily be fertile ground for Pro Wind up. International understanding and paganda), against backwardness The edge of the typhoon bit peace we must do

deep cleavages the sea front and shook the large away with (which causes the

barriers of International among society) and against low hotels. A steady wind velocity frontiers and allow free

ex- standards of living (which re- of m.ph. was registered, and change of information.

duces humans to brute level); the

observatery reported that Apart

UNESCO, the and this

3some guests reached 110 m.ph." 'Free' But Costly The Chancellor has said that Caited Nations has a special body minimi saign aims at

of living for 230 giving Parliament, and officials hare in this field he looks to private dealing with Freedom of Inform the underprivileged

ation which is anthorised

fundamental to positive and real aid to achieving mental, from the community as the distribtion of enterprise. He is wise to do so true education and international that standard; it also aims श्र a whole. various advantages-claims to To win the American buyer on

understanding.

In conclusion, I wish to stress pensions and other benefits, free sufficient scale we shall bare to

raising the educational standards health services, more free educs offer numerous high quality, in-

Is the case of the United Na-both at the level of children and that teaching about the United tion, milk for schools, etc.

and Its Specialised specialities at ions and its bid for the right adults in whole societies where Nations Ceresting,

modern

and peaceful use of freeder this is necessary.

Agencies should be regarded as Everyone knew that all firis

prices. Now in this to rather a lot; every

the a process of wooing there are several handicaps to be

campaign and added

although an important part,

much broader pro- aims should simultaneously en- part of a one hoped that offerd it, for most British workers the British business man will have tive newness and the fact that its deavour to improve the economic gramme which will help to de

Britain could and winning the American bayers, overcome. First, is its compara deserve the best that they can be to

to take great risks.

principles are not so well known; given.

Feaking into 2 arw market secondly, that in advocating in- conditions of the society in which velop international understanding the work is being carried out. In among young people and give government

Strong short, Unfortunately, these employers, widely dispersed over a vast sub temational

though Eliterate, them a sense of responsibility to- and underprivileged | wards the local community, the politicians, and officials have not continent involves heavy expendi-national prejudice has to be over- unlimited power they can only ture on distribution end selling comes fro give what is there to be given; A market there may be was today

place as citizens of the modern the future.

gave 2 &omne

مع المطرية

thirdly, it entails

co-operation

Both the

ever

to be taught to take their nation and the world society of

a

finds co-operation with the Socialists all the easier.

A continued alliance be- tween these seemingly incom- fore- patible parties shadowed before the election, and the support given them by the vast majority of voters on an unprecedentedly large poll indicates that this is the course desired by the vast majority of Austrians. Be tween the wars Socialists and Catholics exhibited a mutual antipathy which culminated in a civil war and Dollfuss's ill-judged repression of his rivals. There is still consider able hostility between peasant and townsman, clerical and free-thinker, and the parties presented rival lists to the what is there to be given is what and gone tomorrow so different more than 40 different nations in world through betterment of all The same objectives are be- electorate. But both sides are British labour itself produces from the steady customer at home! order to get the enthusiasm neces-

ing pressed for other ideologies doubtless conscious, after And the value of this product is Why should our suppliers take sary for real progress and, Anally, three handicaps.

This is task in which the with vigour and forceful interest. not got the teachers decided in world markets beyond these risks, diffuse their energies, we have seven years of subjection to

these shores.

and seek

outlets so far zield trained to give the necessary in Education Authorities can share! Let us also act with energy and but it is at the same time a tank enthusiasm in our world-wide, the Nazis and subsequent ex-

When the

struction employers

well-established perience of Russian "libera worker money and benefits-ay firms may

weared. do so on

Both UNESCO and the United which concerns the whole com- long-term task of making a vital the peace and tion" and Russian looting, that for a day's work to the total patriotic grounds. We carrot rely Nations are doing their best to unity and which should receive contribution to

overcome these handicaps assistance, voluntary and govern-i vell-being of mankind. it is better to co-operate toler-value of £1, they were officially on the young and up-and-coming help antly with a familiar rival' posed to be giving him what man to invent new lines and keep and will give as much aid as is 2 4-5 grains of fine gold abreast of changing tastes officially asked for. But until faction than to allow the vio-

by in world markets but Clearly he will only be har-nations look upon the United Na-

Organisation from lence of domestic quarrels to they could only make this claim nessed to this endeavour if he can tions

the clear the way for an outside effective if the earser produced see coming to him, not necessarily standpoint of what they can put goods which would actually fetch tomorrow, but sooner or later. into it as well as from the point" authoritarian regime. The re-that much gold in world markets. after prolonged efforts, a bit of of view of the advantages they putation which the Austrian Alas,

the time came when it proft. At present the new man can get out of it, we shall pro- people have gained in the past was evident that British labour can see no profit at all in new grass very slowly. for light-hearted irresponsi was NOT producing as much as enterprise.

If we have the faith in the We know that big reliefs in United bility is indeed belled by the that, and so it has turned out that

Nations Organisation the wages and benefits cannot taxation are impossible. But if which we profess, then it is the thoroughness with which they be honoured in the sense original- only our new merchant adven- duty of everybody to further its have learned this lesson.

tazer could feel the tiniest pos interests, not just the schools, the in fact has been sible breeze, No less striking is the way

and see the straw in which a small, impoverish-

by the public opinion of the nominal reduction in the pro- not just during a United Nations ed and occupied country has world, whether expressed among fits tax at the time of devaluation Week but everybody all the regained its dignity and as gatherings of appropriate experts would have had a huge psycho- time

What can we do to raise en- serted the genuineness of its or in free marketx

logical effect as a token of same-

thusiasm? Personally, I am cer thing on the horizon. independence during more

No Bias

Instead the Chancellor increas-tain that the methods advocated than four years of transition World public minion weighs ed the taz. How in heaven's by UNESCO, if properly carried from war to peace. An Aus- this metter quite impartially, name, he thus hope to gal-out, will succeed. Let us have,:

British labour does not even varite such new activity! It is as UNESCO trian treaty seems closer now

suggests, bulletin than it was, but its terms are enter into the picture as far as not a question of being a Socislit beards, wall news-sheets, assem-

these assessors are concerned. not yet entirely agreed, much Thir interest is the purely objec- having the barest rudiments of blies, where representatives of all

or not being a Socialist, but of blies, study groups, model assem less signed. Yet the Austrian tive estimate; Are the goods common sense.

schools meet, modelled on one of public of today seems to bear for which British employers and together pay £1 to Government

iv intended.

decided

The Tide our British shores' move hall an inch op the ground! teachers and a few enthusiasts,

A

can

youth

distinguished

00-

Will Supply Details

Axe Wanted the UNO groups, school publica- a much more. hopeful and British workers in fact nough to Finally, to give effect to detions or articles in school maga- positive air than the Austrian | buy 2 4-5 grains of gold in the valuation, our internal capitel zines, contests, celebrations, plays, Republic established 30 years open markets of the world? investment programme must be dances not only of their own but

On this basis, a slow, and reduced. Until that is done the othe

other nations

service ago. Perhaps Austria is now

gradual process, more resigned to the status opinion has gathered, and formed. orders promptly will be ham- and encourage

world public producer seeking to meet foreign camps, exhibitions, pantomimes of a small country than when and given judgment. British strung by bottlenecks and short visitors to give a little of their she had only recently ceased labour has not been producing EXTS And delays in obtaining time to the schools in which they to be a great Imperial Power. enough per £ paid to it to justify what he needs for his production will be received with an

regarding the as worth so much The vital goods and services would thusiasm they will not be given Perhaps, too, the economic atas 7, 4-5 erains,

have been used to needlessly, T. elsewhere.. tractions of an “anschluss". Instead, it has been set down at any rate, extravagantly, else

as a tridy noder two grains, So where. incorporating Austria in a Greater Reich are at the ford such wares and such bene line to Shenfield is now complete the country could not, after all, The electrification of the LNER lowest now the Reich is splittel Like it or not that is the disgraceful example of heavy in two. But the greatest in-essential meanine of devaluation.xpenditure that might well have fluence maintaining Austria It does not follow that the been pastponed in these hard

times. and democracy is the fate of their citizens must be envying It is symbolic also. The delays Czechoslovakia, Poland and the tenacity of the Austrians that fortunate travellers on line have been experiencing Hungary. It would be in-despoiled, occupied and ex in recent weeks may be compared teresting to see the result if posed to frequent Bussian with the delays that our foreign a free election were allowed kidnappings, yet sustained customers have been experiencing to take place now in any of hitherto by a resolute Gov- during these past four those three countries-or in ernment with Western as well owing to the ever-hasty Crocution of needless capital programmes in Eastern Germany, Many of as Eastern sponsors.

+Britai

on her course of independence

the

YEBYE,

for could enlarge on these topics for these who are. In- terested, and particularly for the schools, I wish to make ́it] known that UNESCO will sup-į ply details of any of them to- gether with accounts of suc cessful

other experiments in countries on application. They will be suppiled willingly and gratefully for, UNESCO, to my mind, is the foundation of the future United Nations. Now what of

the teachers?! These plans, and-projects-cannot

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