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FAR EAST POLICY The rapid Communist ad- in China caused a temporary flurry in the West- ern world, and for a time there was considerable talk

THE CHÍNA MAIL, WEDNESDAY, JUNE 1, 1949.

PART II: THE CONSCIENCE OF HIS PEOPLE

THE

MINDSZENTY STORY

Burdens Of The Peace Treaty

BY THE VERY REV. DR. NICHOLAS BOER

Good Morning!

A Filipino diplomat says the Chinese Commúnists owe thoir victories to the bankruptcy of the Nationalist leadership.

Not, of course. to any bank- ruptcy of the Nationalist leaders.

Some people would call The cold way a gold war.

Lot of Knox in it?

While you can let sleeping dogs ile, it is unwise to let lying dogs find you asleep, says- an American scientist, referring to the Un- American activities gang.

Boxers in Australia want to come under the Workers' Com- pensation Act,

Then every clout would have a allver lining.

That's right.

"Here is a car you will take right into your hearts.

century? Because we did not the peace treaty places too heavy the flame of hate in you. There defy the tremendous might of the burdens upon our country; it is. has been enough hate alrently military state which if took in many respects, unfair, ovan This is a horrifying and criminal the united nations of the world unjust. We pray at to God the example of the abuso of human All-Merciful to protect our much- berties, of maltreatment of the oeven years to destroy,

We did n we could We loved Hungarian nation. At the weak and helpless-an example received in our homes the beaten, same time we plead with the which carrita its retribution with

"It's lower on the outside ... by politicians and the Press "IT is here that on this day onemles of Germany: we helped Justice-loving earthly powers to in itself."

The only recon- Brek and find at the appropriate

higher on the Insidet Shorter on the attention of the whole and hid them.

Before ave describe the inhuman the outside....longer on the in- on the lines that "something country has been centred ever dary school of the oppressed Polish time a way to settle the Hungarian persecution of Hungarians, Inside! Narrower on the outside.

and reassuring Czechoslovakia and the steps taken wider on the inside! You wilt must be done" to stem tho

since, a century ago, my pre-people functioned for years in cause in a just Balatonboglar.

In 1042-43 the manner. We remember with nor by Cardinal Mindszenty, before wonder how it was done." frightening onrush of totall-decessors returned from Poz-starving and pillaged Western row the severni million Run- tarianism. Ponderous state-sony and Nagyszombat after states and the Greek people were garlans beyond

we reopen the deep wounds In the our frontiers hearts of those who proclaimed the absence; ments promising a firm stand their enforced

for kept alive to a considerable extent whose human rights must bo

ensured in the interests of peace. were made by America, and statements affecting the whole by Ilungarian wheat,

Slovaks and Hungarians, wo muạt express our hope that this co-opera- Britain, some troop reinforce-pation have been made yearly this Cathedral, more

tion and interdependence may Seredi, especialy by Justinian

yet be realised after the present despatched to Hong Kong of blessed memory the great

Communist regime, holding Gen- and Macao, and one or two Primate who was also a great

tral Europe In thrall, has passed. It cannot but become forward-looking persons re-exponent of law.

because of the deep experience of a reality vived their ideas for forming a Pacific Pact.

ments and armaments were

in

"Today, in 1948, Hungarians looks to the West, to the scene of the peace negotiations, watching anxiously, no see how far the fun- damental principles of a just and reassuring peace so often pro- claimed during and after the war -are being applied to the country untilor St. Stephen. collapse

. The effort, such as it was. seems to have exhausted most people, and it looks as If conditions are going to de- teriorate gradually some spectacular such as a sudden Commun. 1st take-over of Burma. Siam and Indo-China, or the in- vasion of Hong Kong, evokes hysterical protestations from the pundits of the West.

In an age of chaos and dis- ruption, people all over the world are eagerly devouring reports about the Chinese Communists' restraint, polite

These, and fairness.

ness

say the hopeful, are no ex- tremists, no fanatics, or tools of Moscow. They are simply local patriots, thinking only of liberating their country from the undoubtedly wick- ed Kuomintang, and have no intention of encroaching on (other people's land or proper-

ty.

"In these grave days of wailing, on this feast no charged with his- torical memories, I send to the Peace Conference, in the name off the Hungarian Catholic Church and the nation, through the World Church, these statements and re- quests in the interests of eternal truth and the suffering millions of my fellow-Hungarians.

3. During the recent world The memorandum which Car war we heard the promises of the inat Dindazonty sent to the

peace various charters and agrečments. | leaders of the conference They sald: We have taken up and this statement of the Bench of arms in defence of truth, freedom Bishops were erles of grief and and the basic human rights against Indignation. For three years the Church had protested and appealed incessantly to the conselence of the nation, its Government and

the forces of organised cvit,*

"Let us look for the human rights along the rivers of Garam and Danube, along the Kukullo, Drave, Labore and Latoreo; Us look for the national rights of self-determination, for our libera- on from the organised forces of ovil.

=

•

*

mutual Interdependence of Czechs, fused with the "Red Dean".

Mr. Acheson is not to be con-

П

disunited.

throughout their

common fate. It is only In sorrow that we the world. And now at the peace

must recall that conference the only positive result the two most civilised and gifted nations of Central Europe, the to Hungary's advantage had been the failure of the Czechoslovak

Czecha and the ilungarians, have not been able delegation to gain acceptance for their proposal that of the 750,000

history to understand each other. Perhaps, of course, they have "If these words are truths and Hungarians living in Czochoslo-

nover really made the attempt. not flattery propaganda phrases vekia (ills was the official Czech

The great English historian, H. two if there is a judicial con- guro)

hundred thousand selence and responsibility ...if should be sent back to Hungary in

A. L Fisher, tells us that when the vietors are better than the van exchange for the one hundred the Turkish flood burst upon the Danube basin in the second half quished; if human misery can find thousand Slovaks on Hungarlan an understanding heart instead of sell. The Czechoslovak Govern- of the fifteenth century, this par- complicity in crimes and ignoble ment, however, Ignored the deci-

ticular part of Europe met this altack, completely disorganised and revenge our cause must triumph, sion of the poace conference, in "My dear brethren! To you order to put pressure on the Hun- and through you to our country 1 garlan Government and to achieve 1. Hungary is the last branch must say: People of tormented an agreement on the above lines, here in Central Europe of the Hungary, be on both sides of the it began to deport the Hungarians over the world. For two thousand As Individuals, na Ecclesiasticn! Tree, spreading a frontiers the Hungary of prayer. in Czechoslovakia and settle them

familles, as In the evacuated Sudeten terri years this mighty tree has borne communities, lift up your hands tories. the blessed fruit of human civili. from the pit of confusion, make nation for the happiness of peoples the cry of your misery to and nations. It is not a matter, ancient great PatroneSE. Show Cardinal Mindszenty's patriotic of Indifference civiliantion, Merciful Holy Virgin, that and humanitarian feelings were whether there be pou Thou art a Mother! Shows by profoundly stirred. For over branch of this tree split into saving us from disappointment year and five or six pleces and wither, or be able to serve with full strength clamation of human and national and deception by the sondrouR VID- the mission it has fulfilled for a rights. Give us in this hour of

Irial faith, hope, strength;

the thousand years.

"I send this idea through the love of God and of our neighbours. network of the World Church, for Help us to find a now morality, beyond the unity faith and love and recall to a new life the coun-

try of St. Stephen. Amen!"

Peace Treaty

Paris

our

it is still the pllar and ground of the truth. (1 Timothy, 8, 15.) "2. Hungary herself has im- mortal and hitherto Insufficiently

signed appreciated merita in the defence of civilisation. Ever since the February 10, 1947. It Was Magyars settled here, but especial- born

when time

the ly in the thirteenth to the seven- teenth centuris, Hungary has de-

at A

in

כ1ס

Profoundly Stirred

a

Yet, Mr. Fisher de clares, if the two similar leaders, George Podjebrad and Mathias Hunyadithe first was the Czech, the second the Hangarlan King- had not wasted the strength of the two nations in fighting ench other, but had joined forces, the Central European basin would not and a half of Turkish rule: the have become subject to a century history of both the Hungarians

and the Czechs would have been quite different.

| HARD TO STARBOARD

Now if a refugee would get A bunk on the Repose, Would he or she Need buy the "key"

Do you, my friend, suppose? And what about priority? · Have rates been worked out yet By Quartering Authority And costs of meals they'll get? While I agree that we must be Good friends with

neighbour nations,

We must abide whate'er batide

By local Regulations.

This

may be an Infringement Of our traditions tested And have a grave impingement On profits of the "Vested." Will Legco let unheeding Fool philanthropic Yanks Leave poor pub-owners bleed-

ing

From their unthinking prankst These do not know our

way here And have not learned to loot The public day by day hero... Why can't they follow suit?

"If Asia is allowed to fall into attack on the Middle East will the Soviet sphere by default, the troly be in ingin match soon! may even begin much sooner." That, however, is only ond man's opinion,

it

•

•

countrymen across the border his cause of his unfortunate fellow

The analogy is so strong that it must be extended by the state- own. He had not ceased to plead for them, to protest against the ment that if these two leading auffering they endured, to call the achieve agreement in the twen- much longer we'll start thinking nations of Central Europe had attention of his Government and tieth century they could havy pre- about a poil-tax, said the Bureau- the world to the violation of all vented both the German and Run- crat. human rights to which they were

national

It they keep on about poll

•

The New Chinese Government

Ah, we were staunch and true, But those gay times are end-

ing,

Alas! it seems we're through! And when it comes September We'll all be far away Hoping Mao don't remember What words we used in May!"

being subjected. Already on Octo-sian ambitions of expansion. In- This is dangerous, delusive

ber 16, 1946, he issued a pastoral stead of this, even today, as in The Hungarian Peace Treaty letter, in which he described the the past, one of the main aims of has at least a debt of gratitude

to the USA for both nations is to diminish the

most of the nonsense and the sooner the

was

Inhuman persecutions of Hun strength and manpower of the munitions and armaments which

already appalling menace of Red per-

in started garians

other. And yet the qualities, char-made the people's victory possible. meation of Asia is shocked

differences between the Allied Slovakin.

acter and fate of the two nations

into

"From the greater, Northern have many points in common. Both EXIT people's minds, the

Great Powers wore already deve- fended with her own flesh and loping: the whole complex quastion which we have lived for almost plain, and both contain many the Legislative Yuan is "adjourn part of our chlef diocese with

originated in the great Sarmatian (According to Canton advices greater will be the free

blood the peace and prosperity of was discussed in an atmosphere of world's chances of survival. the West. That is why Michelet, indifference, almost of boredom. It nine hundred years in the happy Eastern-Baltic elements. The tering until September.")

While Sam financed the spend- It would not be at all surpri- in his History of France (chap was worse and mere unjust than community of the holy falth and ritory where the Czechs settled is

ter VIII. pp. 63-64) calls Hungary the Treaty of Trianon (1020) hallowed traditions news of in- surrounded by a fortification of Ing sing to learn that Mao's pre-

describable the "blessed saviour of the West." because it did not provide for the

sufferings arrives; mountains and penetrates into the sent attitude had been dictat-Hungarian blood was shed freely protection of minority rights. In suffering inflicted by hatred and German area like a wedge; the ed by the Kremlin a long when Michelangelo was working practice it meant that three and revenge in a poisonous spirit of Hungarians, likewise ringed with

in peace on the dome of St. Peter's, a half million Hungarians were

discrimination.

a circle of mountains, représent time ago. Marxism (or Sta- and London applauding Shakes- deprived of their human liberties. Throughout the summer and an island within a Slav ocean, finism) will adopt any met-peare's plays; the heroic defenders In Czechoslovakia, through bila- autumn shattering reports of an Both nations adopted Christianity hod that suits its purpose; its of our frontiers guarded the gates teral negotiations enforced by the endless series of expulsions, im more or less at the same time, of Rome, London and Paris Great Powers (at the suggestion prisonments, Internments, in- and in the Middle Ages both be- policy may twist and turn al-

Hungary's population in the of the Czechs), it meant the forci-

humanities, have reached

ua, came the centres of the organis- most unrecognisably, but the Middle Ages was the same abie resettlement and expulsion of Ailing women are dragged from ing possibilities of a smaller em. end is always kept in sight. Britain's or Franco's, And be two hundred thousand Hungarians their beds by gendarmes: no pity pire. But while the Czechs shed unit-the national feelings of the This newspaper is firmly op- gary shed her blood incessantly

cause for five hundred years Hun- or Czech citizenship.

is shown for old men prostrate their blood in fighting the Ger- two nations turned with surpris- On the eve of the peace treaty with pneumonia, who are driven mans, the Hungarians had to suf-| ing sharpness against each other. posed to panic-mongering, but today she has only ten or twelve Cardinal-Primate Joseph Mind- from their homes even when they fer the same blood-letting by the Yet their political, interests were it should be clearly realised million people, white Britain has szenty sent the following docu- have medical certificates of their Turks; it was about the same the same, and had they combined

forty-five and France forty-one meat through the French Leration condition. No reasons are given, time that their that the forthcoming esta-

life they could have realised their in- millions. From a great power we in Budapest to the presidency of no questions asked. Innocent babies began to decline. The Czechs terest far bettor within the Habs. blishment of Communism became a amdi! state, beggared the peace conference. When the die in Internment camps.

came under a long German, the burg Monarchy. Instead of this throughout China is perhaps and mutilated nation. This was peace treaty is signed today, it

Through the arbitrary action Hungarians under Tukish domina- let us not ask through the fault the gratitude: our already de is forbidden to speak; but the of the irreligious, politics interfero tion. the gravest development of

This was the result of their of which of the two nations-the cimated nation was robbed of an- most gravely accused cannot re- with the services of the churches; failure to co-operate and to create Czecha sought the backing of their the post-war period.

other three and a half million, main silent. The lofty peace aima parents are robbed of the Catholle an understanding. But national great Slav neighbour in the East A report from Washington given to those Italians, Austrians, contemplated have been lost on and Hungarian schools; their awakening also began about the and the Hungarians of the Gor- yesterday revealed that in the

Czechs and Slovaks whom we had the way to the conference table. children forced into allen schools. same time among the Czechs and man neighbour in the West; defended for centuries, or to the How long can such a peace survive Holy statues in front of churches Hungarians alike-through litern-port against each other. past few days the State De-Rumanians and Serbs, to whom when moral principies

and in houses are demolished. ture and the writing of history, they provoked or at least promot- partment has been subjected we had given refuge.

Ignored? By ignoring President Family properties are confiscated, roughly with the beginning of the ed the clash of German and Rus- to increasing pressure to de-

Waited In Vain Wilson's principle of self-deter- societies dissolved, Hungarian shop nineteenth century. In spite of Bian Interests in the Danube Basin human signs and Incriptions smashed and their common fate in the Austro- which meant the destruction of fine its overall policy in the

"For five centuries we

mination, by ignoring have

Hungarian Monarchy they also both nations, Pacific and Far East. Military

walled in vain for any return ser-rights as defined in the Atlantic burned. vice,

Those who might have been lived together in the same great Charter and national minority! All we were given was the

(To be Continued tomorrow) leaders in particular feel the dictated peace of Trianon. Sixty- rights, the penes treaty becomes, saved from being ejected front time has come for a decision three and a half per cent of our only a piece of paper, a collection their homes by the indignation of on where a stand is to be populate was taken away for made against the increasing us. In return we were given a alt and append their signatures, priests or liungarian schools even threat to our security.

country that was unable to live: hundreds of thousands of Han- in purely Magyar villages. In garlans are being deported from this twentieth century the basic Mr. Acheson has declared

we were given a new war.

the Danube to the Sudetenland. rights of humanity, among them "Since 1920, scores of statemen himself against American all over the world have admitted

The deportations are carried out the freedom of religion expressly in murderous participation in

winter weather, proclaimed by the Allantie Char- Pacific that the Hungarian causo had been

under the most frightful terror. ter, are being lost." Pact at present, because he dealt with under prejudice and

And then the patriot speaks, considers internal conflicts tical data.

the decision based on false etatis Thousands and thousands find

thelr individual existence des- letting fall a word of ad- would prevent useful co "Do they want to repeat the troyed, themselves pressed into miration for Hungarian Christian must also operation.

record," It is unlikely, admitted justice? Do they want servitude. Yesterday the nations heroism. "But we

the pastoral on, "the present rights: but this ignoble persecu letter however, that the conditions to aggravate it by making millions of the world promised them human put on

homeless of Hungarians

a

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are

alble masters of the world's destiny mitted population, 71.3 per cent of our of empty words. While the respon- the humane world are not per-

ax-

to keep the Hungarian

Koop

he objects to will change in patriates? Do they want to tion, with its local interests, and virtues of the Hungarian priests preserved our the near future, and mean destroy civilisation in the twentieth purely with the condemnation of who have

the peacemakers, has grown into present virtues of the Hungarian while this very turbulence la

a frenzy by its trampling on priests who have preserved our

thousand

traditions: -year-old human rights. To annex three and a half million, Hungarians to who as good shepherds have re- other states corresponds neither to mained with their flocks to the the Anglo-American nor the Lenin bitter end and left only under Stalinist principles. Judges of the threats, yielding to brute force. World, use justice, humanity, and Some even want back again into a deep probing of the tremendous the world of torment. The people,

a breeding ground for Com- with America in the Pacific, munism. Temporising

at to form as strong a barrier this time is a serious error, as possible against the Reds, and the free nations may pay This would imply not only heavily for it unless they the provision of arms and take action soon. This is the financial aid, but a clear in- problem, lest the dark shadow fall too, have clung faithfully to their time for overlooking many dication to the Asiatic upon your work of peace in Cen-priests, oven during the greatest "ticklish" problems, and for peoples that we will stand by (Signed) Cardinal Mindszenty, women placed garlands of flowers tral Europe. and elecwhere! persecution. Simple Blovak welding as firmly as possible them in their desire for self- Primate of Hungary."

Grief Expressed fended their priests courageously less of our way of thinking. [nection we would once again On February 25, Afteen days when they were driven away. not their fault that Britain may not be able to remind the Hong Kong, aufter the signature of the pace it in.

treaty, the Hungarian Bench of hate temporarily overwhelmed provide large sums of money, thorities that the time was nishops Lawned a statement which, their love, wenn d but it is our opinion that she never more ripe for giving to after uttering its joy that the And finally, there speaks the should take the lead in this our Chinese eltizens a peace treaty bad ended the world man of God, the than of peace: war and the post-war transition, "Why do I communicate this mad part of the world, from India guarantee of our good faith continued: "At the same time we state of affairs to you, my broth to Australia, and linking up!în the future."

SISTEM our great, grief, because rent Not because I want to can

all peoples who are more or determination. In this con-

་ ་

upon the descrated statues and de-

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