1949-05-26 — Page 8

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MARRIAGE

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FALL OF SHANGHAI

Shanghai, fourth largest city in the world and main trading centre of China, has fallen to

flat.

It is

tan and

THE CHINA MAIL, THURSDAY, MAY 26, 1949.

PART I: "THE PRIMATE OF HUNGARY"

THE MINDSZENTY STORY

The first

Political Problems For Hungary's Catholics

BY THE VERY REV. DR. NICHOLAS BOER

own

the lossening of faith in God, the unjust mutilation system, whose theory han bron leveloped by Mar xiam Itecf. Too many recent events corroborate the truth of this conclusion,

"Suburban strong men with will be the personal armies' nucleus of new Nationalist emergency organisation in Can- tohi.

They will triadding any rein- forcements at this stage.

Peddling banned Hong Kong newspapers in Canton in now a grave offence. Yes, it's tomb much to put up with.

A contemporary reported yes- to pur terday (in contradiction good relves) that the three ves- sels with ECA rles had actually unloaded their cargo at Shanghal. There's a phrase which covers this, something about jumping In front of the gun.

Rifle

fro rocked downtown a news Shanghal, according to

Must have had agency message. a flock of jerrybuilders down that

woy.

"Death

•

secularisation of Church schools, ing of the Catholic Church by the j Communist Party inevitably means and in the ideological field refused eyes of the Hungarian people,

Communist con- The views of Cardinal Mind- to support the ceptions. Because of this attitude.szenty generally conquered Hun- the Left Wing accused the Barengarian public opinion, When, in kovics Party more and more October 1948, Ivan Boldizsar, frequently of being the "citadel of Under-Secretary of. State for After he fled to Foreign affairs, reactionaries."

enquired in an

We have had to quote the state- the competent. Roman

to the silver dollar IT cannot be denied that in the Vienna, Stephen Barankovics him- article: "Where are the progres- ment of

Catholica?" ho had three years following the self admitted that Matthian takos!, alve

to Church authority and the declara dealers,", cry tire Nationalist lead- Communist leader, had de

bls answer "liberation" Catholics in Kun- the

Question

lion of Cardinal Suhard, uno ofers (sic). a declaration in Catholles whom he consider the great, far-seeing figures of After all, how could such gary faced an immense double manded of him

the Mindszenty afaire to the effected progress were neither French Catholicism, because in pikers serve a party that produc or even triple political pro- that the Vatican's attitude in the cour

courageous nor

citod many

the gold against ed such perfection as blem.

Cardinal-Primate's case made they

strong, nor did inn form any politient groups.

Mindszenly the "better- yuan scheme? alternative was hopossible for the members of the

They had therefore to be conal Informed" Pope and the higher Party to be good possibility Barankovics

dered non-existent. Ivan Boldiznar spiritual standards of French વાત

Catholicism. Yet

Yet these have both reaffirmed not know that he had given

Mindszenty's lewa, Hungarian Catholicism the finest testimonial when he declared that which he represented with

Auch energy. Progressive there were no progressive Catholics inflexible who followed different paths from in Hungary-that is, no Cathollen

Christians strive for the imposal- ble when they wish to separate those of Cardinal Mindszenty, the

from the the economie Bystem head of the Hungarian Catholic ideology of Communism," for in Church.

Communien the 'wo are one a indivisible. Ivan Boldizsar'a article competent answered by a

authority; this reply was Crobably composed by the Car- bling in forbidden

All this reported wild scram-

dlog sales I dinal-Primate himself. It declared

find more than a little mysuty- that if we cally those progressive

to renounco

the

any

activity

ult

WITH

maximum

of

noun

WHA

When our Rovenovers go

the tins

after

They sure know where to find

'em,

The rats may get away with

their skins. But they leave their taels be

hind 'em.

•

That recent big deal in opium· was somewhat compromised.

*

who serve not a single class huting.

a whole nation, then we must call the Catholic Church and its Hun- garian hierarchy fully and truly progressive.

experts to

Hun.

•

•

•

•

U.S. Army pilots who landed at Kal Tak said "It was a sort `of' experiment,"

A kind of dicing with death, ns it were?

•

of forming a party which Hungarians and good Catholics ni would be the political, expromelon the same time. This demand alone of Catholic can. This would have fully substantiates Cardinal Mind that ezenty's contention that co-opera been justified by the fact during the period of the armistice tion with the Commaniata, if only Russian in noctal reforms or foreign policy, the country was under rple, while after the peace treaty lends to the danger of sacrificing dogma of Catholle faith. Leon had

nigned Marxist the

a dictatorship and police state had Perhaps the Democratle Peoples been established, bound to the Party might have survived if the between the Great

"Progressive" Eastern zone of influence and sup- relations ported by a foreign power; in auch Powern had remained unchanged Ivan Boldizsar. Under-Seero-

17 the wart

Phot circumstances

non-Marxist after

and-tary of State in charge of Hun- accepted each other's gary's foreign propaganda, did party was denied the freedom of West had

and of political aims in their respective not know that Catholicism knew political true the Communists. eventually

gaining governing ter

territories But survival became nothing of these orthodox, new- The "agrarian reformers" power. The second alternative was impossible the moment the world fangled, progressive or retrograde

was divided into two comms-even Catholics. The

"Catholle" are today lining the broad to face all these difficulties and

without actual

could be

with qualified only await the opportunity presented by if this happened avenues, staring with amaze-

in a probable early dissolution war. Cardinal Mindszenty

single adjective: "Roman," And ment and dumb resentment order to express the resistance also right in his view that a long- Rome had just recently passed

"Let us look at the presen1," at the huge, handsome build- and protest of the great masses range policy could be only built on streng judgment on the so-called

read. "Who raised voice in longing for freedom and for the the basis of intransigent loyalty the ings that

foreigners

progressive Catholic movements. realisation of Catholic principles to principles. This, however, does On January 10, 1949, the Osser- defence of the Hungarian people

When there are no bidders for erected on what was once a

in public life. Finally, Hungarian not alter the demond that vatore Romano published an official when its official lenders vied with perfectly good Chinese mud Catholicism might have attempted modern Catholic party must com- statement that Franco Romano, an each other in calling the nation plece of Government residential the imponsible and formed a party bine the principles of Catholic Italian "progressive Catholle," had uilty and declaring that Hun land at the upset price, and even which should attempt to combine

buying it, I now however an are and water. creating a synthesis soology with an effort to realise been placed under a personal in- gary was the most sinful state the original applicant prefers 105-

social justice to its

ne of all? Who demanded that are ing his deposit to enormous and highly com-that might find a way of com- extent. Cardinal Mindszenty did ferdiet by the Church because he should make timely preparations should say the writing was. Ap-

proclaimed falso plax urban area, cosmopoli- | promise between the Catholic and not question thi, truth. But the France the movement of progres- and the necessary

doctrines. In for the parve negotiations and pearing on somebody's wall. the new Socialist ideology striving

ultimate fate of the Democratic

Bive Christians made its first sophisticated, to replace the capitalistic economie Peoples

dia- Party-voluntary

Myrtle wants to know, if the Paris? Who proclaimed that the ution according to the comands public appearance in January 1946 ancient traditions of independence past tense of freeze is froze, why habituated to the ways of system. The Catholle hierarchy

with the following declaration : WAS most fearful of the third of honour-justified the position "The movement many nations, dependent on

of progressive varian people? Who first took up, shouldn't sneeze be moze? alternative; knowing trade for its very existence. Marxist morties

that the adopted by the Hungarian

Christians states that the capitalist must be reailsed for the

Nationalisation of the sugar in-. were aiming at hierarchy in August 1947 when system, both in its principles and and so many times afterwards, Apart from its size, the city's total domination, the Church saw it declared that it was forced to

consequences, is incompatible with the cause of those Hungariang dustry in the Philippines should abstain from the support economy is cracking badly clearly from the outer that in its

the Christian ideals of Justice and suff

suffering AN prisoners-of-wart, make bureaucracy, a bit sweeter." every party.

love, We declare that

in our Who demanded of the whole world under the impact of the civil first stage the formation of such a party would lead to a breach in

Communist

anist that the persecution of Hungarians war, with a fantastically in- Catholle unity, while in its final

country the French Party i

the only one fighting living outside our frontiers should to everyone! Who spoke against flated currency, short stocks phase it would bring about the

basic forcing people imla à-single party that the effectively against Therefore we resolve to take up

capitalism.be stopped and of staple foods, and economic totalitarian rule of the

human rights should be assured action made oven graver by partien through the well-known

the the fact that the party in question demanded anti-Com- for them? Who dislocation. Further,

the fight against the scar- maxim of divide et impera,

has declared a now Ideology and city of oil fuel is acute, and

Great Sacrifice

Youth Organisation, which took munist elements in whatever formaation of senseless torture, true.omanded. Its full acceptance by they manifest themselves. We lustice, the prevention of persecu

all its membord? Again, it is the unless supplies can be ob-

place in the spring of 1046. We Stephen Barankovics undoubted- tained quickly, or coal rush-iy made a great sacrifice when he know that the lenders and mem- | Bhall fight especially' against the flow without the sentences of Gatholle Church alone which has of anti-Communism which Independent courts or justice, the served the full truth for the bene- bers of this organisation played

granting of the right to work to ed down from the North, tried to load an enduring Catholic

dismissed fit of every single individual. party In the Hungarian police very active part in the anti-Nazi Posle on conviction and Thur, those who had been

of religious Shanghai's

lcasters of light, state power,

Not Church's Fault of Marxist dictatorship. resistance. Two of its

on the one hand, prevents the from their positions or had been ting President, who was a Acting

everywhere? water and transport may be Those who seek

a synthesis or the

"It was not the Church's fault evolution of a more equitable danled work seriously endangered: Many endeavour to find a compromise, monk, and the General socloty while, on the other hand, it fought these battles and who did that she could not do moré. By

even with the holiest of intentions, a layman-crossed the

religious ideals by the utmost for all these people? transporting to. Hungary gifts compromises public utilities and key bust-In an age of gigantic conflleting German and Russian front line

Who, but the political and

Catholle Church from abroad she brought food and Miskolc ness firms are operated by forces, provoke the distrust and

catablished contact at using them for carly stage both with

and her representatives, whom clothes to thousands and thousands. The Deservatore the economie onds." Europeans, and the questions Catholic circles have re-occupying forces and the new

suspicion of both opposing aides,

Romano,

Boldizsir has classified as Yet the obstacles she had to DVB- the progressive Christians on-progressive' Catholics? True Hungary were

which says Ivan Bol that

come in bringing these gifts into of whether to co-operate or ceived information about the Mosbrecen Government. In spite of

claimed to belong to true Catholle- Catholicism has server! the people state. In the end all efforts, proved raised by the confiscate must obviously cow negotiations of Professor the hierarchy's disapproval, the

lam; but only the authority of the and not merely KALOT joined the supreme or- Szekfu. Hungarian Ambassador to arise.

decide who

numerous, valuable the U.S.S.R. during 1946-47 Mr.ganisation of the Democratic Church This is the gravest respon- Vishinsky had addressed a conf-Youth Associations called MIOT Caiholle and who is not "Thore every single member of it. The gifts which have recently arrived sibility Mao and his clique dential letter to the Hungarian General Counes at Hungarian foreth that the church did not remain allent when "ould not be distributed hundreds of children were sent abroad by Secretary, in which he Youth). They did this at the same thority declares herewith that the she saw others trying,

of the progressive day. with irresponsible words, to the Church to recuperate and to that the Catholics of much depends on the way

time as this Loft Wing organisaans and their

exclude from

from the rights of citizen-study,

The State 'bans Ou they handle the exceedingly per cent. of the whole

nation Parties, attacked In the

most with godless materialem is nothin thousands and tens of thou-forbid today this, too, has been no-called compatible with Catholic doctrine sands. Who raised a voles for the charity work in aid of Individual complicated problems now were solidly behind the Beach of violent manner the

and the teachings the Holy rights of Hungarian.

the expulsion, of "clorical reaction," Bishops; the negotiations and facing them.

person of Unless they sinsky's letter alike expressed the

orders... the threats the Sco. Sulard, Cardinal of Paris, eithen every single Jungschneemme. As for caching Primate, show some bard

common the need for the formation or a clergy, the Catholic schools. The published in the Semaine Reit- a curtalled by a judicial sentence everybody knows that if there had February 6, 1949, a passed by an independent court been no June 16, monks and nung sense and win the goodwill Catholic party which should not KALOT even invited to the cele-vieuse on

of Inw? Who protested when re- would still be teaching for the

that benefit of the people." hierarchy. Church circles were also the representatives of Russian ment

not be granted (To be Continued tomorrow) President Tildy and Father the rumour that KALOT several times before,

Suhard wrote, "the greatest pro Invited were to bo Balogh, stil! Under-Secretary of leaders

Marxlat

can be

Samo Conclusions The same conclusions drawn from the diaslution by the Communist Home Secretary of the Catholic Pensart KALOT, the

an

and

pt

Do

have yet taken over, and not to say about cighty lon, together with the Left Wing

FURTS

statement

can

]

association

dunts: the

BGU

whole

certain Indivi-

nntion

and in vain: the

of the inhabitants, Shanghai accept the guidance of the Church brations of its tenth anniversary declaration interpreting the sinte

of the official Church pensible persons declared will be in chaos for some made suspicious by the fact that youth: the Press Cyan published authorities. "As we have explained civil righis shall

Cardinal

time to come.

Stato,

Kuggested repeatedly to

and Informed the latter

about

about the

as the main

The

cials

who

7

Much will depend on the reactions of such

inter Zoltan Pfeiffer and Hajda Nemet to Moscow. The social ideas repre-blem af our age is the ending of national bodies as the Econò

-two membora of the Small-onted by the KALOT were funds social injustices. We feel deeply mentally radical. For instance, sympathic to the just aims and of the working mic Co-operation Adminis haiders Party, well known for championed the land reform, and

legal demands

constantly enjoln tration, as well as America their Catholle ideas that they demanded that the

should join the

Peasantry class and and Hong Kong. Three plon Party. On the other hand,

Domoeralle Peoenores, prosperity and strength of their Christian faith Improved in culture, our Catholic bellovers to take part with all their energy and in the ships carrying 20,000 tons of the party nccepted the RSKO- organisation should be accepted

ruling class of

in the development of a fuster and ECA rice to the Yangtse were Hungarian Treaty of Friendship and Alliance, voted for the

#Their attitude might have more brotherly social order. More diverted to Taiwan at the Yugosiny-Hungarian Cultural con compared to the most radical than that: the Church makes it last moment, while another Agreement, was in frequent con of the 1948 democratle movements, the duty of every one

of her three with 10.000 tons remain tact with the Left-Wing parties The KALOT always fully and members to work for the removal

caused by

the nincerely lived up to its radical of the injustices here. Even if these quotas. their views. At the same time the programme of reforms. In the past present ospitalist system, in tho | should be sent to the captur-party took a correct Catholle

truth pro- the social I had uffered frequent persecution claimed by the Popes. But even

spirit of ed city, they would repre- attituds in the dispute

the authorities. The Hungarian by

wifile examining the Injustices sent only a small quantity of

gendarmes and county

Caused by the capitalist system, its needs, and the new rulers ceed much as 'before. How were just as hostile to the KALOT

We must state that the Church must obtain supplies else long this will be continued as to the illegal Left Wing move-

ments of the same period. There Justices then to help the develop

desire more to remedy these in- where. There have been re- is a matter for speculation, could be no doubt of the KALOT'sment of a totalitarian and god- ports of a rice, shortage in but it would be unwise for genuinely democratie convictions the Northern provinces be European. business interests and its willingness to accept doleas collectivism.

Great Danger cause of crop failure, and the to be too sanguine, Their mocracy and the coalition ides.

Yet in true essence war to create. "Certain Catholics desire to fertile arens South of the personal safety seems to be synthesis of Christianite and follow their Christian political river are believed to have guaranteed, but not the Hungary, with a far-reaching scilvities within, the Communist planted

influence over the deepest strals of Party or in constant and clown much Icss than tenure of their livelihood. usual, because of the war It will be interesting to

the peasantry. When the Home co-operation with it. This fattor Secretary dissolved it, this action, solution was chosen by the move- situation.

see how the powerful, close-emphasised the feat that in ment of the so-called progress[va Hungarian de- Christians, which bolloves that There would seem no ques-ly-knit trading groups will the tion but that trade to and react to Communist rule.mocracy which developed after the m (proclaimed by Commun- the political aspirations itm), of which they naturally dis- from Shanghal must be re- Experienced observers suge of Hummary could not find expres. approve, can be arcerated from

and social aims sumed, and on an, orderly gest that Shanghai will prove alon in true Boelailat Christianity

Communism, which they consider basis. Whatever plans the the testing ground of the now and polliical demporary

same time. At this

doudenbla. Communists have in mind regime, which will"! And justified ** Cardinal Mindszentyx 3% We call the “attention of the for the largo industrial theoretical Marxism very underla tine lovely to his prin falihful to the great danger in efties, they cannot create a much more difficult to put diplest it luslined bim in frowning, lotantin, mek an attitude, in new economic structure over into practice thard, than in upon every approach to the re permanent- kommunlly of E:KELISH. img wider Commentat domination: With the Communists. Puch action night, and for this reason it the inland towns and villages and to the Left Wine perilon. He puts the Cathollo's felih in baril. seems. certain that private The city may also materially aw from the high moral, vantars He might sally become the duos enterprise, including that run affect the formush Chin- point of his office that, suve, sich of doctrines rejected by the Ghivech by foreigners, will be allow-ese Communiain”””

rown rouchement, lid te ziba same and might,“ st+the+gama"? time, perfiliig of Catholle moral prins contribute to the atoosan of the ed and in fact urged to pro- l.tually take.

ciples and to the possible diaaredil Communiets. The yielory of the

evol

1945

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