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THE CHINA MAIL, FRIDAY, MAY 20; 1940. K0

PART I: "THE PRIMATE OF HUNGARY"

THE

MINDSZENTY STORY

Pastoral Letter Objects To Government Action

At the same time

BY THE VERY REV. DR. NICHOLAS BOER

Gooda

If our landlords don't get busy on a few of the bombed out eye-

to they are going

And Nores themselves short-sited,

It Springs Eternal

The next big Nationalist. Vic- tory will be that one they are planning for in the Avenue Jof- fre, when the Reds will be final- ly annihilated. If things turn out as expected.

·

17.-In

#

Their

That yuon cry down the streets of China from the saps who got stuck with it. Annoise'ein.

One of our vernaculars carries the following interesting. Hitle could ever happen in our country, put an end to an indubitably un-, than two courses to be served; and item

"Chungking. May our police healthy and anachronistic system7 it more were brought he refused keeps priests under arrest be- In his first inaugural speech he to eat of them. A parish priest who piece of swamp at about 1 pm. cause of their sermons and takea had used these words: "I say this entertained him too lavishly and seen fighting each other.

yesterday thousands of frogs were steps to intern helpless citizens." to you without grieving for the broke his orders would sometimes cries could be heard from afar.

The pastoral letter ended with lack of mundane

treasure...

And himself removed a call for responsibility and con- True, he thought it his duty as post. It was the

from his

They lined up in many lines led hind namo with

his by a few fru in front and sorrow sideration. It was signed, in the Primate, standing on the basis of Budapest vicar; after the second fought for four hours.. "It is OUT greatest

Many and our most cruel wound that name of the Hungarian bishops, Christian ethics, to add?but course at his table the Cardinal were wounded and

many, dled, the provisional Hungarian Go- by Joseph Mindszenty, Cardinal without recognising s lawful For

rose and said that as the third had Three or four thousand corpses Archbishop of Eszter whatever has happened without been ordered by the vicar let him were Primate, The Hong Kong govern- vernment has loosened con-

legal justification."

left behind, Spectators The violently eat it, "I have not asked for coffee gathered about 10,000 of the com- siderably ment has followed the ex-

the indissolubility of We have fought so read in the Catholic churches on

This important document was inred: "It is not the land ro-{

attacked pastoral jetter

firmly

either," he sail, let the vicar batants also." ample of Singapore by bring- marriage.

drink nicasure to ban much for this principle in the the Sunday before November 4, formr we criticise

17"

Wot. Imitating their here, but the ing in a

for the attitudo societies in the Colony repre- ppst: we should like to see in it 1945; that is, before polling day. Į revengeful spirit behind it. BiChurch towards the land raform up in the soup....

of the like this. they deserved the senting political

*** —tho first pastoral lotter Waa Lions established in other regeneration. It is our belief the Government and the Coalition landowners who have been strippe" | Issued by the bishops on May 24, Korean Foreign Minister Limb

immediately after Most loyal citi-that the Hungarian de parties. These protests already of their property, but this promise 1945, countries.

far exceded its helt the beginnings of the conillet can hardly be fulfilled." Is this radical measure had been carried eign Minister of South Korea, he this wants a Pacific Poet. Being For- zeus will agree that the move authority in this and acted un-between the ideas of the Catholic not the typical attitude of

out with almost desperate haste. feels that he is out on one of necessarily, without taking into Church and the Government. In dictatorship that brooks no criti-Minissenty, me Blahon of

this difference ar to clam? Is it not the duty of the prem, look part in its composition.

Vesz- his namesakes. consideration the feelings of later

later years true Christians. No other state the late and dance of the highest moral authority always tald "God grant that the Four million dollars worth of in the world shows such a fri-Catholic Church and the definition in making laws to consider the volous attitude on the question of democracy deepened. For the common weal and, according to prosperity of the new landowners palm oil is to be stockpiled. A

Church tha

for compensate the

new application Church saw her essence the purpose of every Catholic of marriage

law, her losses and her cares. This bullet idea? of indissolubility

and

degmas mission in the light of

good of the as in the new Hungarian mar-

the

pastorn! letter Invoked "God's suprenia merely the interest of educative

the of duty

Cain says Charlie Chaplin is Church, class? In pointing out the spirit in

land. new riage decree. All this cannot be and proclaimed considered a simple mistake, which emphasised the demands of which this radical land reform was owners. No one could deny that un-American human error: for it, concerns Revelation, of the Gospels, of introduced in a country not got a radical land reform was long sense of the

liberated

the the senator, the certainly true that, through government,

er gifts of kings and private persons, letter also laid its finger

the the Church acquired considerable abuses which were

is a wise one, although per-

haps it does not go far enough. As the Attorney General said, at a time when law and order is likely to be endangered by outside influ- ences, some measure of con-

trol over their activities is highly necessary.

as

.

has ment

compensation

to

G

may

whole society blessing" upon

by

the

•

betters

to end

•

of the

*

silver

too. Probably the ridiculous which

one of the important essentials natural law before the nubile provisional and ruled overdue in Hungary, and it is makes him so foreign-seeming to.

Christian hutch nem

of natural law-the indissolu- bility of marriage. What can

pinion of

which insisted that the

but to teach and

·

ve expect of the democracy, of has a religious mission not only on the " of vindictiveness and estates. In 1938, within the Hon. has got a great big hand from the

Tesult

govern-

Colony, or to hold meetings/communal life? Can we rely interpretation of Western Europe,manded by the Russian occupation

What will happen when the bill becomes law is that the organisations such KMT and the Communist will not be allowed party official corporate, existence here. They will not be per- mitted headquarters in the

in overt pro- engage paganda. Membership of a society deemed illegal will be an offence in itself, al- though a person could pro. claim himself, in general, a KMT or Communist member without infringement of the ordinance.

Or

ments of natural law-if with-hant expressions during the Forve the good of the Hungariawned by 7,754 landed proprietora. ¡Central News kills, Communists.

pect is, however, doubtful.perty, but this promise The Communists have no

bo fulfilled.

citizen is

freedom

restricting

60

were

That cagle you see flying eveTY- where in the world with a tommy- idea of a dove of peace.

gun In its bank is just someone's

ntlregotiating the preparatory ne

pastoral

The rising of the Iron Curtain to direct those parties which, without to preach

Wine guys, enchanted audience. of private on the technical faults occasioned gary created by the Treaty of authorisation and competency, direct the conscience

however, are keeping an eye on of estates of presume to interfere with so persons and public bodies alike, by over-haste. Indirectly it also Trianon, the nica

used the indicted the provisional

"restricted ownership"

totalled the "Fire Exits" fundamental a pillar of healthy The Catholic Church

Idea of democracy in ita traditional ment-the land reform was de-2,420,872 hectares

hectare is (one tton the equivalent of

Try our now insecticide-kills on these

2.471 acres) all kinds of buga mulcker than men, when they

sense she. prac-authorities; it was not

designed come into power, conscientious-end in this

tised it. Sho found its mostį to

or this, 1,414,846 hectares were ly respecting the basic require-st

peasants, but was a political aim agricultural lands,

The Church last war in the Atlantic

in the furtherance of Communism. owned 277,630 Charter!

hectares of agricul out right or jurisdiction they and the Yalta Agreement. Accord- Cardinal Mindszenty Was so tural estates, divided between 923 tamper so deeply with this ing to these,

every

little opposed to the land reform landowners. The total

agricultur law which any man with entitled to the exercise of basic that, while still Bishop of Vest-area of the twenty largest Church

rights, to healthy moral instincts, and human

prem, he voluntarily relinquished, estates amounted to 212,751. hcc-

If we had the night-riders opinion, assembly and in May, 1944, the second month of tares. Already in the years before many who love their country, thought, consider the most important?

hore, what number of Prominent religion; he is entitled to express his office, seven thousand agres and after the first world war two Citizens would nover, bo missed? "We must mention that several his opinion

about every pheno- of his episcopal estate. This wa tokar Prohaska and Cano

Hungarian prelates, Bishop Ot The measure is not official-details of the land reform deeree menon in human and communal the greater part of the lands be

and Canon Alex- Grecks have found a Communist ly aimed at any particular betray motives which suggest that life. The Hungarian Government, longing to the diocese. He made 4 ander

(both already unter the decisive in-

in- solo rehunciation in, the pre-of wein of Gydr party, but it needs little it is aimed at the plain economie alread

enjoying great land printing press operating down a 16 foot well. Give them enough of certala social fluence of the Communist Party; sence of the Primate

public as and the revenues), appeared in reading between the lines to destruction

envisaged in Hungary an historical

and rope and they'll run a paper. Minister of Education. He gave apostles of social thinking see that the authorities are classes.

is not the land reform we process similar to that which led the land over to the service of new proclamat before.

proclaimed the necessity of a taking powers to limit the

criticise here, but the revengeful the schismatle Orthodox Church

The great of Fehervar initiated a lands. The original plan, however activities of Red agitators. spirit behind it. It promises com- to surrender her social, charitable parishes, the maintenance of some

old onca

-oven If it would not have put and the support of the Bishop herself to purely Just what success the bill ispensation to the landowners who and cultural religious activ Yeprem Cathedral. It is most Practicni land reform on his ownjan end to great estates in Hun-

characteristic than the then Gov-estates; but his intentions

gary-would have finished the likely to achieve in this res- have been stripped of their protira. This Church lost its super-rnment was displeased with his frustrated by the lay nathorities.rule of thẻ big estates" in Hun-

As for the land re-natural character and became the decision as it desired to keep the After he had given away part

can hardly

gary had it been seriously carried his land, the remaining estate was cut headquarters in Hong Kong form itself, we are bound to say servile vassal of every established labon estates intact in the interests burdened, with all the taxes and

the that its execution has lacked con- government-including that of of war production. When on one

the Catholic Church was or even, on the surface, any aideration and fairness; the whole Soviets. The basis of this mater-occasion the visited the Dfinistry of other responsibilities of the entire represented by Cardinal-Primate

and especially

lalist-Communist conception of the occasion discuss the matter, former property. It was this political organisation. They op

population.

the Churches is the total realisation of

Justinian Seredi, Julius Glatt- disastrous deldor, Bishop of Canad, and operate in the traditional urban workers, suffer because of Chur

that religion is a

the Under-Secretary of State in position which created a

situation in the docese of Szekes- Chrysostom Kelemen, Abbot of Marxist way through cells the economic consequences of this theter of private concern, at the charge of the appropriate depart-fehervar, the he so-called Pannonhalma. They showed the small groups which meet re-hasty, over-passionate work--and best it would drive religion back ment tried to dissuade him by Second Repubile of 1919,

when must suffer because of for who Into the

"My Lord Bishop, churches: gularly to report and to re-

worse arguing:

Michael Karolyi Initiated a

the proposed knows how long.

its think that in taking this step you refernt the ceive instructions from

We are even more shocked if alternative, it would sufer

made only two atipulations abroad. Their schemes will we examine the kind of communal existence only in the uncontrollable are not acting

that, doclared that it considored hardly be affected by the spirit which has been created in thoughts and emotions of men. Holy King." By "the Holy King reform desirable; it demanded only the extent of top printmatter of

This conception speaks of freedom he mount

St. Stephen, the first an equal treatment with

the non-compensation, tho Church ban, but it will make it more certain Institutions of the country of religion; but it only considers king of Hungary, who bestowed ecclesiastical estates.

the should tam. with its pro- as a

receive exactly the same this 'system. wi by difficult for them to engage

rried out

treatment. as tho non-ecclesiastical freedom, making its

of Veszprem and the Catholic In 1921-1925 the Catholle Church properties, as a prevention in open activities at a time pensity to the use of force. All as a private and not a public these estates upon the Bishopric land reform which was

against certain districts, they pecially in KMT sympathisers are al-scom to delight in throwing men Imposible. What the parties and me reassure you, sir.

men Government of the

of the thirty per cent of the arable ready protesting that the bill into prison on grounds of mere

was Holy King."

in its possession. In 1935 the secondly, In order to preserve already in those days-the so-

Social Sense

Hungarian Government of the n

religious peace, they stipulated that party ma called Peoples' Democracy, than anyone else, and this is try or secret

wonse is "evs-day.

the L'deep social

feeling pressure

course of the stage to Socialism and denced by the fact that a themselves transi probably true, but the fact have not the least idea why they even Communiam.

areda and migration necessary fow time and of history, prepared a

Unfortunately execution of the land reforms, no remains that a general mea- have been arrested. nor is any assures the baslo ilberties only for weeks after he had taken over the new land reform.

body able to discover the ultimate one class, the working class, to diocese' and was able to have a the act of 1936: XXVII was under large numbers of people should transferred to districts of of his Income, the influence of conservative and be reason for such drastic action by gether with the fellow traveller clear realisation

he raised the salaries of the vided

ratrogressive forces; it only pro- religious homogeneity if they wore these provincial potentates." peasants and "progresive" intel episcopal estates try considere.blo cortain Possibluties and of a different faith from the

lociuals.

authorisations for the expropria- original inhabitants. Primate, Flagrant Cases

stams. When, as Fundamental Differences director of the

Budapest homes on and distribution of certain The pastoral letter cited some flagrant cases of the illegal arrest of such rights if they profess the halp, he had no money

And even they are only assured for apprentices turned to him for of priests, of throats against themi, dogmne or the Communist Party him; but, in spite of the director's to give etc; then it continued:

The population of the capital the party which has arbitrarily strong protests, he gave him two

proclaimed Itself the oficial took an enthusiastle part in the representative of

valuable Persian carpets from the Procession

the working Primate's Palace so that he could the Holy of

Right class Only by keeping I sell them and Uso the proceeds for Hand. The nation was happy over mind such fundamental differ- the poverty-stricken home.

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possible

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of expropriations

states

over the country. but more es-appearance and public algaldeance Church. Mindszenty replied: Let pro

provided 71,000 hectares for the

the the lands

reform becoming solely

will hit their party more suspicion, personal spite, individ.ersey meant by code worried about the spirit

sure is necessary, and in any case it is dimcult to see how the existence of political bodies with alien affiliations could ever be justified in the Colony. The past record of the KMT here has, moreover, not been conducive to too much enthusiasm over continuance.

its

ual

the men

This system

the noble gesture of the American ences in conception can we under

Government used St. Stephen's

this

pined for the loss of s

could not command

I am not purpose of distribution-about or

the

Но

tele. Every Monday

and two

Land

or to

of

a large extent a moans ostates: eliminating Church:

resettlement to the

(To Be Continued Tomorrow)

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Yet one member of the stand the statement of the Conti. burned with the fover af creation | army

and division of Wook The Chinese Communist | W100

to direct is violent attack on Parties and of the Government the of charity; he most regretted about pastoral etter of the the Church catates because he against our first holy king at the Hungarian bishops: "The pastoral could claims that they now have school

Re-Educational Schoolmasters' 30,000 regular troops operat Course."

na latter of the Primate is an unnece threatened those authorised He

and cultural Church schemes ing inside the Nationalist teachers who dare to feel or link terfer and unprecedented in-necessary for the charitable, social

erference with topical

and which he yearned to carry out, lines in Kwangtung,

and differently from him with official the progress of the He led the most ascetic, it

retribution. Another lecturer at that they have in fact oc-

The regimo showed the greatest

he cupied seven large county doctrine of atheism as the basic in the pastoral

course openly proclaimed the

indignation about two statements

031 a bowl

of soup towns, can be taken more or directive of future education.” less nt its face value, although.

reforms and all slice of bread. Even in the to referring to the lotter; the one fast The pastoral letter went on to the other to the public order and depth of winter, when his bedroom North wind they probably exaggerated object to the disregard of fund-safety. It had been a recurrent exposed to the

Trong that swept across. the frozen the strength of their forces. amental rights and of the main accusation in the official Press and Danube, he refused to have a fire. It is typical of their bold stays of society, morality and declarations that He never wore warm undercloth- strategy to occupy in advance Justice; it denounced the trampl- key points along the route

of traditions and great catates; that it longed for ing; he seldom had more than one

the return their armies will follow.

"Yet how many constructive that it of the old foudal order: pair of shoes; his overcoats and with the habits wore so shabby as a simple Apart from their efficiency tasks await solution, instead of class and morale, the Reds have all this destruction! Let us not capitalists and not with the work-chargs him with longing for the outmanoeuvred the Nationalspoak now of economia troubles; ing class. This was the main res-pomp and luxury of the old, ists at every turn. If they for them the Government and the son, they averred, that the Church feudal world?

With all his strength he worked authorities cannot be always could not come to an cannot conquer a city im-blamed. But wo mast state with ment- with the State.

It was for the rebuilding of the Church

the BUTTERFIELD mediately, they isolate it

shame that in Hungary trains are certainly a plausible propaganda institutions destroyed by while the remaining troops attacked by mysterious armed statement and a clever politien ravages of war. Yet when they proceed on their way Southbandits-if not ystematically, at trick in order to distract ate proposed to restore his palace in

rate with shocking

tention from the irreconeliable, and architectural valve, he

able, Bads, which was of groot hi the process until they reach

They look like continuoften they rob the ante ideological differences and the

passengers of their last morsal of flagrant breaches of natural law refused his parantation, saying Canton, and the fall of that food, their, only suit of clothes and human rights. Who could that when his country lay in ruite city is expected by some Buch terrible conditions wore accusa Cardinal Mindsenty of it was of that its Primate should knowledgeable observers unimaginable tous we were being in principle an enemy of also live in ruins, Atofffeim1} within a few weeks.

unable to imagine that such things the Hungarian land reform whichi luncheons he never permitted more

Ing underfoot ideals.

of

Bondowners and villago. priesto

-

Could

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