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In Hong Kong the world shortage of food is only an echo Apri

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THE CHINA MAIL, MONDAY, MARCH 28, 1949.

WINSTON CHURCHILL'S WAR MEMOIRS: THE SECOND BOOK

THEIR FINEST HOUR

The Four Power Pact

By Winston Churchill

In their

the armed merchant-cruiser Jervla Bay.

by

Good Morning!

A now device enables a gran phone record to be played over and It lover again without attention.

le feared at ZDW that this may encourage progressive absentcelsm among radio announcers.

*

"A dog jumped on to the rail.

destroying the Bolsheviks, for whom his hatred was mortal. He believed that he had the

Her commanding officer, Captain force to gain his main life-

other side of the world Japan lay the aim. Thereafter all

TILE destruction of the Grateren, R.N., rollved at once that rest heavy upon them.

Nevertheless Speu in December, 1939, had he was faced with hopelos odd, would be added unto him. He they had confidence in their grow-Brought to an abrupt end the first one thought, after reporting way racks. He wagged his tail must have known from the con- ing strength and

enemy the presence of the vent German

as the Canton-bound train moved campaign against our wireless, was to engage the pocket versations at Berlin and other expanse of territory, amounting shipping in the wide oceans. The battleship for as long as possible bend. The train was held up for off and disappeared round the contacts that the proposals to one-sixth of the land-surface ofBghting in

Nurway had,

Is WC and thun gain time for the convoy three minutes. No trace of it was ed touchly.

On November 20, 1940, Schulers burg sent to Berlin the draft of

counter-proposals

which he made Ribbentrop send the globe. They therefore bargain- love the German Navy in home disperse. Darkness approached, | fuund. It had evidently run off

to Moscow fell for short of Russian ambitions.

the Rain

A draft, bearing lo date, of a Four-Power Pact,"

Those stipulated: was found in the captured correspondence of Gorman Foreign Office with the German Embaany in Moscow. This apparently formed the basis

Schulenburg'

for

but we MUKA

throughout vast

conversation

with: Meloloy reported on Novem- ber 26, 1940. By this, Germany, know that not only in Bri-Italy and Japan were to ages to respect each other's natural spheres of influence. In so far an these spheres of interest came into con- inet with each other, they would instantly consul each other in

but lain, areas of Asia, the starvation level is a wobbly and all too familiar line. The shortage of fats 1s probably more noticeable than any other.

of

fals

For two years a gigantic scheme for increasing the world's supply through the cultivation of roundnuts has been in pro- ress in East Africa, Fan- of British lax- tastic sumis

have been payers' money

and poured into the fickle sun-scorched earth, and this,

amlenble way with regard to the problems arising therefrom. Germany, Italy and Japan de-

laced on their part that they re- cognised the prosetit extent of the possessions of the Soviet Union and would respect it.

The Four Powers undertook to jom no combination of Powers and (41 suppert no combination of Powers which was directed agulast one of the Four Powers. They would assist each other in ectomie and would matters in every way

ments existing anong themselves, The agreement would continue for a perial of ten years.

together with the many un-supplement and extend the arra expected difficulties encount ered, should move the Home government to set up an Cx- impartial committee to amine afresh

the whole matter

It is uncertain. however, that any action will be taken. Strachey, the Food Mr. Minister. has admitted the the waste miscalculations,

a

And the disappointments, The scheme, however, was vaunted as proof that Socialists had replaced in the Colonial Empire Tory neglect by progressive planning. Therefore all that he will promise is that the speed of the scheme will be govern- ed by the power of his Over- seas Food Corporation to borrow £55,000,000, and that progress in the more difficult areas will be slower than in the easier.

are

seen, paralysed for the time waters. What was left of It was necessarily reserved incanton project.

That the German troops should he immedintety withdrawn from Finland, which, under the comtad pact of 1939. belonged to the Soviet Unloa raduurr at in. Quence;

armed, were

11

.for

the

and there would then be a chance of many creamping. While the con- voy acuitered the Jervis Bay closed hi overwhelming antagonine at full speed.

Went Down

the line without being seen."

And the dog ..?

The

management will remain, at east in principle,

Ray no in. trial report, But go weet in

practice?

According to somebody's sintis- ties, Hong Kong's buses travel a ditance of 500 times round the Now that I understand, work.

ནÚ

It is reported that the govern- ment is in encourage the impor-

Adml. Baeder, whose ideas on the conduct of the German war nt sea were technically sound, some difficulty in carrying

The Scheer opened fire at 18,000 views in the Fuehrer's cour yards. The shots of the old 0-inch fle hnd even at ong time to Rune of the Jervis Bay fell short. reall That within the

proposal nde by the The one-sisted next

fight insted till G tow a

his 10 disarm all Army, 10 norths the security of the Soviet

heavy pn., when the Jervis Bay, heavily ships and use their

Icr on fire and

and completely out of con- thing in the Strait, shauki bo | P

trol. was abandoned." She Anally assures by the conclusion of a lung-range batteries on shore.

During the summer, however, Anak about 8 o'clock with the loss | I shan't blame the company nutrial assistance part between the Soviet Union and Bulgaria, merchant ships

Ewen he had åtted out number of of over 200 officers and men, With much as I wall patiently at the

as disguised ral- them perished Captain Fegen, who which geographically situated

stop. ins the security zone of the ders. They were more powerfully went down with the ship. He was Black Sea

of the baunderie

generally Inster awarded the Victoria Cross post- thus our armed anerchant-cruisers humously for his heroe conduct, Soviet Union, and by the and

recon-which takes ila piace as an example provided with a base for land

Paisonnes airgraft. Five ships of in the records of the Royal Navy, naval forces of the USSR this type evaded our patrols and within range of the

Not until the end of the fight did Bosphorus and the Dardanelles by tease and June, 1940, whilst a sixth the wintry night had no closed in

entered the Atlantie between April the Scheer pursue the convoy. hat of a long-bom lease;

undertook the hazardous Surth The ship bad scattered and sho East passage to the Pacttle along we only able to overtake and sink the North coasts,

Russia and five bofore darkness fell. She could Siberia. Assisted by Buwinn not afford, now that her position Ice-breaker, she succeeded in mak- was known, remain in the aren, ing

the passage in two months, on which she expected that power- At a big daher the other night nud emerged into the Pacific ful British forers would soon con- Myrtle wore one of those topless through the Bering Sea in Septem-verge. The great majority of this evening

that pick up ber

valuable

therefore everything—including men. saved be the devotion of the Jen

Buy.

tablishment of

That the area South of Batum and Baku in the general direes tion of the Persian Gulf shoul be recognised as the centre of the aspirations of the Savæk Valon:

An Answer Tant Juton should remitir her rights to concussions for cout and oil in Northera Sakhalin.

Wrig

گردد

The object which Adm. Kaeder laid down for the conduct of

JOE'S HALF

ADOLFS RALF

UNEASY HIGHTS IN THE BALKANS

Copyright AN DIT DOLNE

W

tation of yarns. Does this mean even moge American comics?

Then there's Hong Kong's most centŕteous man who always gives Trig Real to a Woman when he leaves the bus.

"An ostrich nt the London zoo Are and died after a short liness, in spite

morn-

of daily doses of rum, A post | mortem is being held."

The spirit of the merchant sen- A muccessful politician Is a mun was not unequal to that of figure of speech. their escort. One ship, the tanker San Demetrio, carrying 7,000 tons of petrol, was set abandoned. But the next fig part of the crew reboarded Ing the ship, put out the fire, and then after gallant efforte, without compasses or navigational Lrought the ship into a port with her precious cargo. In gulshed

"Passengers toasted the listin-

the couple as nil however 47,000 tons of shipping ploughed its way onward, under and 200 merchant seamen lost.

were now-sunny skies. The glass is

rising steadily,"

alda,

British

Autipsy the word they want.

橄

liner

Shipboard prices, of course.

A far graver danger was added to there problems. The only thing that ever really frightened me during the war was the U-boat Teething troubles. peril. Invasion, I thought, even Over the week-end a couple of before the air battle would fail, hospital orderlies were called in After the air victory it was a good to separate the mouths of a teen battle for u18.

But now our life-age couple whose goodnight kiss ling, oven across the broad ocena was so affectionate that their and especially in the entrances to dental braces interlocked. the Islam, was endangered.

To Guard

The Admiralty, with whom The general purposes of in-

lived in the closest amily and creasing the world supply of

contact, shared these fears, all fats and of raising the stand-

the more because it was their ards of the Africans arc

prime responsibility to guard our thoroughly agreed. But

shores from invasion and to keep the life-lines open to the outer when there are no fats--and

world. This had always been ne- Mr. Strachey failed to ensure

cepted by the Navy as their the marketing of last year's

ultimate, sacred, Inescapable duty. West African crop-and the

56 we polsed and pondered toget the Africans advantages to

To this there was to be a Secret |

her on No effective answer was return-¡these ships was threofold. First to

this Protocol by whileh Germany de-ed to this document. No attempt destroy or enpture enemy ships;

How much problematic. questions

the U-boat i clared that, apart from the terri-was made by Hitler to split the secondly, to dislocate shipping warfare reduce our Import and must be asked.

torial revisions in Europe to be difference. Issues so grave as movements; and, thirdly, to force shipping? Would it ever reach the The first is what is the carried out at the conclusion uf these might well justify a prolong the dispersion of British warship point where our life would be de Minister of Fond-and I pence, her territorial aspirations ed and careful study in a friendly for escort and patrol to counter stroyed? Here was no feld for Minister of Food who has centred in the territories of Cen-spirit by both sides. The Soviets the menace. These well-conceived gestures or sensations:

only the produced more bungles than tral Africa; Italy declared that, certainly expected and awaited an tacties causexi us both injury and flow, cold drawing of lines on apart from territorial revisions answer. Meanwhile on both sides embarrassment. Up till the end of charts, which showed potential nuts-doing in this galley at Europe her territories of Northern of the frontier the forces, already September, 1940, these five raidera strangulation. Compared with this all? Why should the and North Eastern Africa; Japan heary, began to grow, and Hit- gank or captured 36 ships, amount there was no value in brave armies Colonial Secretary be eject-declared that her territorial asler's right hand reached out to-ing to 235,000 tons.

ready to leap upon the invader, or ed from

part of his pirations centred in the area of wards the Balkona.

Eastern Asia to the South of the

Broke Out

in a good plan for desert warfare. proper sphere after another land Empire of Japan; and the structions by Keitel and Jedi had The plans propared on his in-

The high and faithful spirit of with the exception of the Soviet Union

At the end of October, 1940, the the people counted for nought in that its by now reached sufficient maturity pocket battleship Scherz was at this bleak domain. Either the food, Leeward Islands? The territorial aspirationR centred to enable the Fuehrer to a fast-ready for service. When the supplies and arms from the New second question concerns South of the national territory of from his beadquarters on Decem- Invasion of England bad been World and from the British Empire the Soviet Union in the direction ber 18, 1940, his historie Directive shelved she left Germany on Octo- arrived across the occans, or they of the Indian Ocean.

costs.

one

Mr. Strachey is always

that contending

though capital costs have increased,

duct. But the capital costs are there, and we know they are inflated. The product is not there, and we do not know what its price will be

when it is.

declared

nwt

огроже

and broke out into the failed.

No. 21 [for the invasion or Rus-ber 27, jnia]. Not Oppose

Atlantic through the Denmark From this moment the moulds Strait. The Scheer had orders to The Four Powers declared tha, had been shaped for the supreme attack the North Atlantic convoys, production, even partially, in any World Copyright reserved. Re- so has the price of the pro-reserving the settlement of specific events of 1944.

questions, they would mutually re- had no knowledge of the bargain-had been withdrawn

We, of course, from which the battleship cacorts language, strictly prohibited. pect thene territoral aspirations Ings between Germany and Rue-the

to reinforce Exclusive rights in Hong Kong and

Mediterraneat. would

Captain by "China Mail." their sia for dividing the spoils of our Krancke believed that a homeward- adilevement

Empire and for our destruction: bound convoy had left Halifax en As was expected,

(To Be Continued Tomorrow) the Soviet nor could we measure the as yet October 27, and he hoped to inter- Government did not accept the Ger informed intentions of Japan. The cept it about November 3. On the man project. They wore alone with main woop movements of the 5th his aircraft reported Germany in Europe, and at the German armies

eight Eastwards had ships in the South-East, and he not yet become apparent to our set off in pursuit. active intelligence Service. Only At 2.27 pam. he sighted a single and money. The question is the inditration and gradual mass-ship the Mopan, which he sank by very far from implying hosing in Bulgaria Rumania gunfire after taking on board the tility to colonial develop- could be discerned.

crew of 08. By threats he had been ment.

Had we known what is set forth able to prevent any wireless re In this chapter we should have ports being made by the Mopan. It is in the same category been greatly relieved. The com. At 4.50 p.m. whilst thus occupied. as well-founded criticisms of bination against us of Germany, the masta' of the convoy H.X.8+ the Government's mal-in and Japan was the worst consisting of 37 shipe, appeared of our fears. But who could tell? over the horizon. In the centre of Meanwhile,

In the third place, there are many signs that those in charge of the scheme-small blame to them-do not know all the answers to all the problems of growing food in tropical Africa.

What they have found, after clearing one-sixtieth of the planned area, is that they must grow other crops, that they must ensure water sup- plies, and that efficient traris- port cannot be improvised over the 250 miles of bush

other

administration of schemes which are sound in principle; namely, that you should not bite off more than you can chew and try to chew it with the false teeth

of Socialist doctrine.

between them and the coast. Nothing could be more un- If Mr. Strachey had plan- worthy than Mr. Strachey's ned in terms of thousands Insinuation that the critics of rather than millions of ácros, this scheme Are stabbing of tens of good machines pioneers in the back. What rather than hundreds of they are doing is to claim crocks; if he had built the that pioneers should be given a fair chance. As one au- thority observed after visit- ing the area, "You cannot beat Africa by arithmetic":

DO YOU KNOW YOUR

HONG

Сип

You

ports and railways before pouring millions into "the KONG? areas they are to serve; if, in short, he had conducted a policy of one who risks his cognies where In these circumstances the own money instead of that this picture was question is bound to arise of one who risks the taxpay-taken? The ante whether better results coulders, he would not today besware In Page not have been secured more running the risk of creating quickly elsewhere by other a desert and calling it methods for the same effort groundnujs.

Bever

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