1949-02-17 — Page 7

I

Debate On Russia

Perish

Labour Slaves

Behind Iron Curtain

Ten Million In Concentration Camps

Lake Success, February 16.

The United Nations received testimony yesterday that labour slaves are dying by hundreds of thousands each year from beatings and starvation in `Russia.

The testimony was taken in affidavit form by the American Federation of Labour from former inmates of slave labour comps and laid before the Economic and Social Council.

THE CHINA MAIL, THURSDAY, FEBRUARY -17, -1940.

Japan Policy Criticised Hunger And

Punishment

Lake Success,"

February 18. Bworn testamont . from people said to, hava sacaped. from Bovist. forged fabour camps was presented to the United Nations Economlo and Social Councit today by

representativa of the American Federation of La- bour.

Miss Toni Gender, for the Federation, A large trade untan group, said the testi- mony was received from persons who had succeeded In crouping from "the hell of slave fubours campe.”

These people are kept tri concentration camps, after having

boon takan from their families and deported, undergoing the most harsh, often cruel, treatment, hu

hun- ger, being normal condi. tion of life, millions suffer ing from • life of human Indignity," she declared.

The United States is backing the AFL expose with a resolution colling on the

International Labour Organisation (ILO) to investigate slava labour. Mr. Willard

U.S.Siberia, and that on January 31 L. Thorp,

Communist wage levels, Com- Assistant Secretary of State, 1948, 47,800 prisoners were de-munist labour discipline, Com- (Secret munist forced labour camps, dared Itussla on Monday to per- ported from the MVD-

rights and mit ILO peoplë' behind the Iron Soviet Police) internment canips threaten workers"

tinued. Took at labou con at Feunfelchen for labour in the workers' standards in the non- curtain for ditions:

Kuzbas factories in Siberia,"

Communlat world.

the

་

The

Soviet

delegato,

Mr.

Smen K. Txarapkin; ; denied

latenso Hunger charges" yesterday: He countered with the claim that the Cited

"The reports comment on

and cold, great States Enslaved labour by such

Fintense hunger the Toft-Hartley overcrowding and

the

versal

incidence

incasures ал Law.

almost

uni! of dizenad

Mr. Taaropkin declared that brought on by malnutrition and the real purpose of the U.S. pro-insanitary living conditions. posni was to "allow

American

intelligence to study (Soviet) "The areas about which

camps

described

the "They represent

avil of labour exploitation in new and antromo" form. They present o special challenge to trade union

und Sociolist movements which strive for the batterment of workers' conditions,

sufficient Informatiey have in-prison camps at Bautzen;" Jamritz Social Council,

sure the said

"It is the view of the United Kingdom delegation thai wo are have a duty, at the Economic and

to make

recrives und Buchenwall, and the MVD that this problem

and most Dresden The Russian called the

gerious AFL prisons at Pirna,

attentions," document

"a dirty pamphlet Muelburg, the latter with 30,000 Mayhaw Associated Press and

Reuter. elaborated by the State Depart inmates. ment from which the AFL takes its orders.

"How is it possible to recon- The charges by the AFL and cle the figure of just under 1

the US government, were intended as a smoke screen

divert

attention called serfdom in American Labour.

to

he

4

Оле

the

he said, war

000,000 German prisoners-of-

In

Soviet Union, the given by Mr. Molotov ta from what the Council of Foreign Ministers in Moscow in 1947, with the huge com- numbers listed in Soviet

during the war

most graphic dea-muniques of

contained in amounting to approximately 3,-

eriptions

was

statement by Mr. Julius Mar-740,000 men?

golin, Pollsh author, who

in Israel. lives

He estimated that

mim

of 10,000,000

now

■ mini- persona

were in Russian concentration

False Contracts

were

Austrians

"If we say that 500,000 Inside the Soviet Union: these Germans He said deaths in these camps and Volksdeutsche, and also 1- low for deaths since the capi

campe

No wages were paid, but prisoners got

voluntary gratuity, which was "only" symbollo

payments without The any purchasing power. Inmates 'Work' under armed guarde," this testimony-con-

"Banetions for not

fulAIT. Ing" the "work......" are “punitive- hunger ratione, prison and. for systematic refusal of the appointed work," trial with the "ponsibility of the death santance.

"Prisoners live In primi tive' wooden shacks. About 100 prisoners in ons room, on plank beds in two tiers. Broken "panei in the win- ddwa, 'A Tack of Karssens, soap and the majority of hadh, bare of any mattresú or blanket Router.

TOKYO REPORTS

CAME FROM

T

ARMY SECRETARY

Washington, February 15.

of The Post, in an editorial, attributed to Secretary of Army Mr. Kenneth Royall, the view reported in Tokyo dispatcher that the Far East is secondary in importance to Europe in the United States strategy.

run into my brado. «-8%stulation; 'mi' figures of "Germans

year.

may assume, that in these returned from Soviet camps stiil camps

of the USSR, from the leave large numbers unaccount- ed for. time they were established, o fewer died thun were killed by Killer camps," Mc. Margolin

In

his extermination

The Inhuman practice of forced labour is spreading West- wards following the Hammer and -Sickle, Mr. Christopher Mayhew, British Under-Secretary of St sald

State

He asked why forced labour campa were kept so secret if, as the Soviets claim, there la no

"There must be in all almost 2,000,000 Garmans doing some. thing In the Soviet Union. Many German prisoners of. war released from the Waitern Zonos have been sent to the USGR for forced labour, well as some 175,000 German civilians enticed by fales con tracts.

The

Post said: Army officials in Washington have denied that Mr. Royall made any such state- ment though newsmen in Tokyo have provided chapter and verse by way of rebuttal.

The Japanese are naturally concerned because they feel that they will be left in the lurch in a time of emergency. [General' MucArthur seems to "The defence of the Soviet de-havo allowed it to be inferred mans forced labour, but merely a legate is that there is no massed that SCAP is in profound dis few corrective labour' camps forced labour in the Soviet agreement with Royal..

He added: "The inhuman prac-Union, but there are merely u tice of forced labour is now few corrective Jabour camps, spreading beyond the boundaries conducled In

of

the Soviet Union. see-the civilised way.

a

praiseworthy

Cover Indiscretion

expressed himself in identical strain with Becretary Royalį."

Never Made Sense

The editorial said the view that the Far East rates priority or even equal with Europe in strategic consideration has "never made sense.

LABOUR' REFORMS

ARE CHAOTIC

New York, February 16.

1.

Mr. James Lee Kauffmån, New York Corporation lawyer who visited Japan recently as a member of a State Department mission, said yesterday that many fundamental mistakes are being made in the occupation of Japan. He lived in Japan from 1913 to 1926 and is a mem- ber of the firm of Melver, Kauffman, Smith and Yamamoto, with offices in New York and Tokyo..

He told the Export Managers' Club of New York that pölleg made in Washington was based on Ignorance and has resulted in the almost total destruction of Japan's economy by the oc- cupation government.

Handlo Own Problems

Mr. Kaufh. propbrett that the United States: sing

Creek Guerilla Defeat

Athens, -February 15,

-1 Turn the Japanese eco- nomy back to the Japanese and American observers":sald 'to- make them responsible for their ray that the Grook Army made

jai"Theso own country,

people its most promising effort" bo know how to handle their ow far in the civil war by driving labour problems and commer

cial problems," he said, back" the gubilla force with

attacked Florina last week.

2. Retain an Army in Japan to maintain law and order, 'plan 'or defence and de olher cus?

tomary military dulles

He said labour -ława put Into effect in "Japan--- contain reforms the Japanese people do not want and do not know how to use. This has resulted In' chase,

that

*50*

Mr. Kauffman spid cupation" planners were led Into fundamental mistakes by... lack

The sources hazarded the Topinion that it was the worst Riefent yet-inflicted' on 'the guer- |villám í há “Governiïent claimed 600 dead, 800 captured and moto them*1800 Infüred: "This "would acetunt for more than half the güörvilla striking' force, ZHICH |war'estimated at 4,000 troops.“

Military observers sald much of knowledge of conditions in the credit should go to Japon, where 80,000,000 people

Maple General Alexander Papagos, now

live in a small area with no Generalissimo of the Greek arm natural resources. The war des forced

prived Japan of her yen trade General Fapagos took ing blog and her raw materials, overlast month,heledred he added.

deadwood from the General Staff in a drastic shake-up, Viant rings There was also speculation Khab

at the dismissal of Communist General Markos bad contributed torthe Press.

Must Have Money "If Japan is to buy from us she must have money Mr. Kauffman said,” adding that Jas pan was an excellent customer

·botero 'the war of the tinited States. "No nation is valunbla as an export market ualem that country itself has axport

power.

• defeat-United

EIRE INTENDS TO STAY OUT

Washington. February 18,

Elre tends to stay out of the

Mr. Kauffman said abolition of the Zalbata was a mistake that was deliberato and not bas- proposed' Allantic Pact so long Northern Ireland remains ed on ignorance, like the labours laws were. Through ibla move part of Britain, tha Fico des the Japanese economy was 'do-legation bald Hore today. prived of the“- best business The Legation #nid-in a ́state-. brains of Japan. (The Zalbrisu ment that British control of was the controlling business and Northern Ireland, In rélation to industry group in depan); de military co-operation with the added.

Powers, created an AMantic

ད་རྣམ་ "You can have either 80,000,- superable' uinculty from the 000 friends there or 80,000,000 strategic and political point of recruits for the Soviet," Mr. view? KLReuter. Kaulumun kald."

If We Fail

тел.

we

The photo shows the main .sntrinch bf It Bull. Hơ

„pitað at Ghungŵn}: Bay!!!.

WHAT

DO YOU KNOW He quotedgiftfal Robert. Eichelberger, former Amert. YOUR HONG KONG? dan Commander "in" Japade AS VAIKENALKAN GONE TO FINIT Having rahld this withough" KƏ hated the Japanese during the war; he found they dolita" qoht

almantha "heedus Have

ichting forcé

We can have this Japanese force with us or against in: ju the struggle against, the Sovie Mr. Rautanen $5. It said: "This view is based Miwe fuit in on the same inisconception about have done In China, we will nha "However, there docs not Numbers and organisation which the Soviets on our Hawaiian seem to be unanimity in SCAP costs a lot of prestige and doorstep, and I am informed in Bulgaria, and in the Soviet Absolute Secrecy

The Post wondered if Royall's leadership when It governed the there are quite a number of view is the echsensus of think-policy on the "Middle East."

Hawalfans reddy të that forced labour is not an ex-| "Sufficient evidence is already ing among military strategists

The Orient has numbers but Associated Presso Senf them. Hile horddpower clusive Russian phenomenon. It available to the free world regar- here.

and less or belongs to the practice of Com-ding the size and extent of these military men ore anxious only in abundance. Not only is Zu

The Post added: "At present Kanisation

ation Europe has all three

Teheran, February 15. munism in several countries.

The first telephong link be«, "In Czechoslovakia no attempt exist in them

camps and the conditions which

to cover up an Indiscretion, but röre the second most important tween Teheran and Buenos Aires to relute is made, to disguise the fact, that

that there has been much pullitustrial complex in the world, was inaugurated today?by the argument. forced labour camps now existoteover, we are bound to ing and hauling over priority in it is the very fount of Western Argentine Minister of Persia,

Before October 26,048, he said,

hit civiliation, the area where free- Sonor Eduard de Maritol. Reu

dum sull' relgis, the part of the ter, Drum some 170,000 Sudetenlanders who ask, If the argument is true, why strategic "consideration as had remained in Czechoslovakia are the campe kept 50 secret? herto been obvious

World against which laterna- open at any time to the

tional Communism and *** Soviet imperiolism** have mobilised themselves."

cvll growing in Czechoslovakia,

Zone of Germany, We see now

were known to have been. Bent Soviet Government to prove its to forced labour chraps, mainly case by letting the world see the in Eastern, Czechoslovakia. Se true conditions which exist. were deported to the Soviet "It these camps are relatively Union,

small, humanely conducted, 'cor

Idlers' Camps

"I am not suggesting to the Council that forced labour. In. Czechoslovakia has yet reached the full scale, and the full horcer of forced labour in. Sowet Ru "but the sood is there and mil #X- perience

ence suggests that the ovil will grow," added Me Mayb

In Bulgaria, he sbild, established labour educational communities and Idlers', camps. The idlers' camps are the milder form of concentration camps, the volving six months' sentences of heavy manual labour,

"Vihd

in the labour educational communities, chionly prisoners and

sentence is nominally

tha

ed to one year, conallkharter wên extremely harsh and The Gravy

and, unhealthy work, often\/res guita in death.

Severo

ero panbhmmat, för alla

offences is the ri

far too ittle

Ales, and other amenil

"In the Soviet of Germ

many

both

the concờntratión.

camps" and "the. Nail..., technique

have been taken, » quo proved

a year ago · indu

German

concent

population war "many up to 1939.

to believé

rective. camps, why are they shrouded

such secrecy?

absolute

કરી.

1

"Now that General Dwight Elsenhowerfir fahara (Elsen- hower recently was. recaited to "temporary "active daty to The editorial added: "Sure-be on our side in the worldwide serve""hizracting lõheirman of 17, "there" facts are decisive. atqugalo "for. It. In

Vitality they are most likely to

the Joint Chief of Otaff),' Two "hundred "and" seventy" mil- tümstances, the most prudent perhaps there will be af*p.} lớn pëople in Western Europe course for our statesmanship-de proach to unanimitybas in the bellové in our way of life and to concentrate on Western -£u« Past" General Elenhower hi hari when they have recovered their rope."--United

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