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BRITAIN'S GOLD AND DOLLARS

THE CHINA MAIL MONDAY, FEBRUARY 14, 1949.

+

WINSTON CHURCHILL'S WAR MEMOIRS: THE SECOND BOOK

the

THEIR FINEST HOUR

Escape

To Southward Impossible

By Winston Churchill

I

which had come far kurk, or the

to bo

Good Morning!

"New Black List-Wanted By Reds." This sort of thing gives us the blucă.

Soaps have been removed from. the price control list. After all

•

Now that a direct wireless tele-

*

peat not) take place, and craft The Hong Kong ostrich has An abortive action round

head, Ir Arras had shown that the

required for above purpose are again reared its ugly to return to Dover.

correspondence columns. Thero B.E.F. and the French First Subscription Rates:

Calala was the crux. Many other should be a joke here about the HK$10.00 Army could not carry out evidence has now come to light in the evidané intention of cutting off causes might have prevented the sand monopoly, but our building H.K.330.00 Gen. Weygand's belated plan the shape of the actual diary of all escape by sŮM.

deliverance of Dunkirk, but it is expert says that has ceased to be for a break-through to Join Rundstedt's headquarters written This region was lighted in my certain, that the three days gained funny. up with a new French Army at the time. This tells a different mind from the previous war, when by the defence of Calais enabled

mobile the Gravelines waterline Group on the Somme. Lord tale, At midnight on the 23rd had maintained the

Brigade orders came from Brauchitsch at marine Gort had already proposed lox H. placing the Fouth Army Dunkirk Braink operating from { hold and that without this, even that dirty linen?

tho flanks and In spite of Hitler's vacillations and BIRTH

a with- under Rundstedt for "the last act" rear of the German armies march- Rundstedt's orders, all would have as an alternative

of "the encirclement battle.". Next ing on Paris, I did not therefore been cut off and lost. drawal to the Channel ports.

morning Hitler visited Rundstedt, have to learn about the inundation Upon all this there now descend-graphy link between the Hong HARMON-At Queen Mary Hos- IN the hideous dilemma who represented to him that his system between Calais and Dua-ed a simplifying catastrophe. The Kong and Macao police big beer

pital on 13th February, 1949, which now presented it-

Germans, had hitherto not established, there may be lower to Winifred Louise. (Kitty), we accepted the Way- and fast, was much red seed in cavolfries waterlo, ano-Matchs reared the bolgtum front everyone biking 120-KAT

gand plan and made loyal and strength and needed a paves had already been opened, and with on May 24, broke the Belgian tickets. persistent, though now in- wherein to reorganise and regain every day the floods were spread-line en elther side of Court- An Italian committed suicide which is bpt 30 miles from by placing a stick of dynamite in effectual, efforts to carry it its balance for the final blowing, thus giving Southerly pro-r and Dunkirk out until May 25, when, all against an enemy who his staff tection to our line of retreat.

diary BAYS WIS "fighting with

By May 23 the I. and 11.-Corps his mouth and lighting the; fuse. Boulogne Defence

Corp The poor fellow must have com- communications being extraordinary termelty

of the B.E.F., withdrawn by stages Moreover, Rundstedt foresaw cut, our weak counter-attack

The defence of Boulogne, but from Belgium, were back again on pletely lost his head. of attacks

on his ill more of Calais, to the latest the frontier defences North and

It all a question of tact. from hour stood forth upon the con- East of Lille, which they had built pickpocket tried his tricks on a By taking into account the being repulsed with the loss the

widd

fact, the fused scene, and garrisons were for themselves during the winter. police officer in multi. Teaching grants made under the Mar- of Arras, the Belgian front and in

and King shall Aid, Britain last year being broken

Weygand

from The German scythe-cut round our grandmother to suck eggs? Plan, which, if it had immediately

Boulogne, isolated Eked on May 22, was defended aca, and we had to shield ourselves and Southern flank had reached the had £35 million more in gold Leopold about to capitulate, been feasible,

counter-stroke, Hitler and dollar reserves than in all hope of escape to the Allied

An American naturalist claims There "agreed entirely that the attack by two battalions of the Guards from this. As the facts forcod 1947, Total reserves at the Southward vanished,

Gort and hi to have discovered, a parasite. way through end of 1948 amounted to remained only the sea. Could East of Arras should be carried and one of our few anti-tank bat themselves upon

out by infantry and that the mo- teries, with, some French troops Headquarters, troops had succes which can cat, its

the hardest metals. The Russians ກ was we reach It, or must we be bile formations should continue to After 86 hours' resistance it was sively beh This

sent to £457 million.

positions along

nre frantically spraying their cur- the canal-line la Basse Bethune talu three, t line Lens-Bethune-reported to be untenable, and

times a day. £55 million less than at the surrounded and broken up in hold

Aire-St. Omer-Gravelines in consented to the remainder of the Aire-St. Omer-Watten. These, end of 1947. But as they did the open field? In any case

order to intercept the enemy forces garrison, including the French, with elements of the French XVI. of the not include about £90 mill- the whole artillery and equip under pressure from Army Group being taken off by nou. This was llon to be reimbursed by the ment of our army, irreplace- U.S.A. as part of the Mar-able for many months, must shall Aid to Britain in 1948, be lost. But what was that the total, therefore, was real-compared with saving the ly about £547-million, or army, the nucleus and struc- some £35 million increase in ture upon which alone Bri- 12 months.

tain could build her armies of the future?

area..

But the position is not as

Lord Gort; who had from the simple as that. First, these reserves do not really belong 25th onwards felt that evacuation bridgehead to Britain alone. Britain is by sea was our only chance, now

proceeded to form a a banker of the Sterling area around Dunkirk and to fight his and so they are in effect re-way into it with what strength serves of the whole Sterling remained. All the discipline of tho In a different way; commanders, who included Brooke, British, and the qualities of their the needs of a number of Alexander and Montgomery, were TRANS-ASIATIC AIRLINES (SIAM) LTD. other countries which carry to be needed. Much more was lo off a good part of their in- be needed. All that man could do ternational trade in sterling was done. Would it be enough? have also to be thought of. Disputed Episode Including these countries, A much-disputed episode must the influence of sterling now be exaruined: General Holder. spreads to about 46 per cent Chief of the German General of the Staff, has declared that at this or almost one half

made his only moment Hitler world's population. The effective direct personal interven- He became, baitle, second consideration is that, tion in the

to this authority,

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ANG HUA Bond Wort

with

cleared for tho Halder states that he refused,

the

LEGEND'

British

French Armics Belgians German Attacks".

forces

WIF the obvious

Calais Dunkirk

St.Omaro

Boulogne about

Montreal

pent there

BELGIANS

Ghent

Brussels

Lille Bithing ❤❤ #FIRST

DouroARMY

Abbeville (TEN GERMAN PZIDIVISIONS)

Amiens

Fironne

SEVENTH ARMY Cham

(Concentrating)

$5tQuentin

vo Milar Soissons

oLaon

SIXTH ARMY

Reims

SITUATION. EVENING 22 May

husband the panzer divisions.

Kluge Protests

on behalf of O.K.H. (Supreme Kluge protested at the delay, but

Army

enj

Namur!

A

Cars, touched the sea at For most of us Christmas comes a year, but we hear Gravelines waterline. The British but co III. Corps was responsible in the about one and ease of a man with main for this curled-in flank fac 8.30 every morning to send off a model railway who gets up at Ing South. There was no continu-

ous line, but only a series of do the first workman's train. fended stops" of the main croSK- ings, some of which, like St. Omer and Watten, had already fallen to the enemy. At this date the total frontage of the B.E.F. won about 90 miles, everywhere. In close con- tact with the enemy.

Cross-examining a witness. "I understand you drink, my man

was to

Vital Decision

this double thrust.? decision.

landid trainod

and

POLICE REGULADO

WANTED

Witness: That's my business.". K.C.: "Would you tell jury it you have other business?

any Students in American colleges In the evening of the 25th Lord may study Classics, Modern Ltd Gert took a vital decision. His or- guages and Mathematics. In fact, ders still were to pursue the Wey- there Is a long list of syllabuses Hand plan of a Southerly attack Latest addition, is "Philosophy towards Cambrai, in which the 6th and Hotel Management.". and 60th Divisions, in conjunction. with the French, wore to be a played. The promised French at tack Northwards from the Somme showed no sign of reality. The last defenders of Boulogne had been evacuated. Calais still held out Gort now abandoned the Weygand plan. There was in his view no jonger hope of a march to the South and to the Somme. More- over, at the same time, the crambl- ing of the Belgian defence and tha: within the yearly change in according about the armoured

gap opening to the North created balances, there was a net formations because they were in

a new pori, dominating in itselt. withdrawal of no less than considerable danger in a difficult,

A captured order of the German Sixth Army showed that one corps £423 million. This was to country, honey-combed

march North-Westwards meet the still heavy deficit canals without being able to at-

towards Ypres and anothar cargs in the Sterling area's trade tain any vital results."

sacrifice He felt he could not

B in the North-East. He also effected by eight destroyers on the Westwards towards Wytschneic.. and financial transactions

armoured formations uselessly, as dwelt on the paramount necesalty night of May 23-24 with a loss How could the Belgians withstand with the dollar area and with they were essential to the second of conserving the armoured forces of only 200 men, I regretted this

Confident in his military virtue, for further operations. stage of the campaign. He be- certain other countries.

convinced of the complete Some days earlier I had placed and This deficit was very much loved, no doubt, that his air sup Howover, very early on the 25th

to a fresh directive wan sent from the conduct of the defence of the breakdown of all control, either by lower than the gold and eriority would be sufficient

prevent a large-scale evacuation Brauchitsch as the Commander-in-Channel Ports directly under the the British and French Govom dollar deficit in 1947 which by son. He therefore, according to Chief ordering the continuation of Chief of the Imperial General ments or by the French Supreme was £1,024-million. Wide-Halder, sunt a message to him the advance by the armour. Rund- Staff, with now resolved that don the attack to the Youthward, whom I was in con- Command, Gort resolved to aban- spread economies in dollar strough Brauchitsch the Comed

Come sledt, fortified by Hitler's verba stant earnings brought about this mander-in-Chief), ordering

"I wish to give myself up—I. death, and that no evacuation by the North, and to march to the have just settled my income tous. armoured formstions to be step agreement, would have none of it. Calais should be fought to the to plug the gap whlein a Belgian capitulation was about to open in much needed improvement.ped, the points even taken back." He did not pass on the order

the Fourth Army Commander, sea could be allowed to the gar But the figure of £423 mil- Thus, anys falder, the way to Kluge, who was told to continue to rison, which consisted of one bat-nes. At this moment here was the account. lion is still far too large. It Dunkirk was

of only liope of saving anything from talion of the Rifle Brigade, one of the 30th Rifles, the Queen Victoria destruction or surrender. is a reminder of the effort British Army.

Rifles, and battalion of the Belgian Gap Second Corps remained on the still needed by the whole

Royal

21 light

At 6 p.m. he ordered the 5th frontier defence till the night of Sterling area to economise

Headquarters), to interfers it was not till next day, the 20th, 77 Crlust, with

tanks and

and an equal and 60th Divisions to join 27-28th. In all this Lord Gort had on dollar payments. It is in the a movement of Army Group that Rundstedt released them, number of Frenchmen. It these British Corps to fill the impending But by now we also at home, with acted upon his own responsibility. also a reminder of the effort Rundstedt, which had clear orders although oven then he

sacrifice thus to

Belgian gap. He informed still needed to expand Sterl- to prove toast The quicker and to be directly assaulted. The diary of which we had so few, for the Billette in command of the First the same conclusions. On the 20th

Regalar troops, Blanchard,

Ganzumewhat different angle of in- the enemy from reach that Dunkirk was not yet

who had succeeded formation, had already roached ing urea exports to U.S.A., ing the

more complete the success here, records that the Fourth Army doubtful advantage of gaining two Army Group, of his action; and to Canada, to some of the he argued, the easier it would be protested at this restriction, and or perhaps three days, and the this officer, acknowledging the a telegram from the War Office smaller dollar countries of later to repair the loss of some its Chief of Stan telephoned on unknown uses that could be made force of events, gave orders at led him to operate towards the the approved his conduct, and author- the Western Hemisphere, and tanks. The next day he tech to the The plectare in the Channal of these days.

11.30 pm, for, a withdrawal on with to Switzerland and Belgiumed to

The final decision not to rolleve the 26th to a line behind the Lys coast forthwith in conjunction with conference,

'porta is as follows. Big ships the

garrison

the French and Belgian Armies." on Canal West of Lille, with a view The emergency gathering on a to which countries the Sterl-

The excited discussion finished come up to the quayalde boards the evening of May 26. Eden ing area is currently having with definito order by Hitler, to

down and the men crowd) and Ironside were with me at to forming a bridgehead around vast scale of naval vessel, of all

the Dunkirk put to pay considerable sums in which he added that he would on the ships. All material in Admir inner and

We tim came out

Early on y 20 Gort and kinds and sizes was already in full left behind. But we are not koen from

awing. gold in order to balance its ensure execution of his order by

at p.m. did Blanchard, drew up their plan of This sending personal Hatson officers to

en finding these men, newly the deed. It which he had long First French Army had farther to prdouction, even partially, in any

involved Edon's accounts with them.

own withdrawal to the coast As the World Copyright reserved. Re- equipped, up against us later.” deficit in 1948 was offset the front. Keitel was sent by plane

It is therefore certain that the sorved and fought in the previous go, the first movements of the language, strictly prohibited. to Army Group Bundstedt, and partly by Britain's drawings other efficers to the front command armour, was hailed; that this was struggle. One has to eat and drink B.E.F. on the night of 26-27th Exclusive rights in Hongkong on the U.S.A. and Canadian posts.

done on the initiative not of Hitler in war, but I could not help feeling were to be preparatory, and ro- by "Ching Mall" credits and by purchase of Same Story

but of Rundstedt.

physically sick as we afterwards arguards of the British First and! (To Be Continued Tomorrow) There is general agreement at allont at the table. gold from the International

Other German generals have among the German

commandera Fund for sterling. But the old much the same story, and havel that a great opportunity was lost. Marshall Aid accounted for even suggested that Hitler's order There was, however, a separate

of the receipts. was inspired by a political-motive, cause which affected the more

Hern was the message to the In other words, without Mar-to improve the chances of pesce nients of the German armour at Brigadier:

was the decisive point,. After reaching Every hour you continue to exist shall Ald, the Sterling area with England after Franco

beaton. Authentia documentary the sea at Abbeville on the night In of the greatest" belp to the reserves would have been in

of the 20th, the leading German B.ELF. Government has there- danger of running down to

armoured and motorised columns forn decided you must continue danger levels.

Britain and within wide limits while had moved Northward along the to fight. Have greatest possibla her partners would have had transactions are not regulat coast by Etaples towards Bou admiration for your #picadid. to slash dollar imports and led by complicated trade and logne, Calale and Dunkirk, with stand. Evacuation will not fro réstrict other payments in payments agreements and dollars even more drastical-are not subject to detailed control. Then, with sterling Effects not only on con as the most widespread in sumption standards, but on ternational currency in use DO YOU production in many countries today, trade can be conduct- of the Sterling area; woulded between a wide group of have been severe. But these countries on the basis of free dangers were averted. So movement of goods between Marshall Aid is helping not each and all,The benefits only Britain, but, indirectly, are the expansion of trade. all other members. The pro-Proof, of this is to be found cesses to strengthen world in the fact that countries now usefulness of sterling are outside the Sterling area are being steadily increased.inding it easier to expand Trade within the Sterling and develop their inter- area is unhampered by most national trade if they are of the restrictions which ready to accept payment in apply outside of it. Mem-sterling. If Britain and her bers are also not worried partners in the area can con about the temporary differ-inue to improve their econo ences in balances due to one mic position, this accept another. Sterling balances ability of stefling will spread Fin London can rise and fall even more widely,

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