1948-11-20 — Page 1

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HONG KONG, SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 20, 1948,

VYSHINSKY RETURNS TO THE ATTACK FOR DISARMAMENT

Claims "Unceasing, Mad Arms Race" By U.S., U.K.,

Poris, November 19.

Mr. Andrei Vyshinsky, the Soviet Deputy Foreign Minister, today defond- ed the Soviet proposal for a reduction by one third in the armaments of the "Big Fiva” powers when he addressed the United Nations Gen- eral Assembly,

Speaking quietly of first, Mr. Vyshinsky sold the reason why he put for- ward his disarmament proposal was "the unceasing mad arms race of the United States, the United Kingdom and of the other countries of the Anglo-American bloc."

Mr. Vyshinsky urged strongly that the ideas of con- ventional disarmament and the prohibition of the atom bomb be considered and solved simultaneously and as an entity.

He said the Western proposal did not touch upon this fundamental question. He added, look-

ing towards Mr. Hector McNeil, who had spoken before Mr. "Vyshinsky: "You should say whether you are for or against the pro- hibition of the atomic weapon so that every- body may know."

Waving his forefinger. Mr. Vyshinsky declared; *The Soviet delegation considers it its duty to expose the be- hind-the-scenes activity in the War Ministries of the United States and the Unit- ed Kingdom, where people working furiously ta prepare a new war."

are

Confidence

And Security

3,500,000 men under arms at tho present ilme,

Mr. Vyahinaky asked: "It we have four million men under arma as Mr. McNall and Mr. Dulles both say we have, what

so tragic about that?

"What balance would be creal- ed by a one-third reduet'an on 1-014 Artes?"

Mr. Vyshinsky added: **That would only be first step. As we hive always said: Why do you shrink from the first step? Your proposal, on the other hand, is nat is wallowing in to step at all. .Attacking the Western pro the same place or perhaps even posals for an International con- taking a couple of steps back- trotan, Br. Vyahinaky rewards." ferred to the "automatic majori.

by which the United States- control the United

Thu added:

and would

abic be

Nationa

America

to prevent the

Against Soviet

Mr. of nuclear-power development

by

Vyshinsky asserted

that

-even for peaceful purposes Eritain was increasing its forces by theer countries on whom the by 400 per cent and was reorming "furiously and fast." He said the detence plan for Western Europe was dirveled against the

Soviet Union..

had dealana "AU

those

which countries really want a true prohibition of the atomic weapon

must refeet these proposals.".

Mr. Vyshinsky declared that under the Western plan, foreign He said the Soviet disarmament Reologists would be able to pros- proposal would help the establish- pect all over the Soviet Onton and ment of international contiener assess what atomic raw materials and securlly and ease the financini 't possessed.

burden on the shoutkiers of the peoples.

He described the Western pro- posal as "While noturlous resolu- Hops" and said that it did not res

prohibition of the atomic bomb,“

|Remain Soldiers

Mr. Vyshinsky continued: "The United States and the United

warned

PICTURE OF THE DAY

WILLIAM BULLITT ARRIVES

Mr. William G. Bullitt (left), former V.8. Ambassador to Among Bumla, arrives at the Lunghwa Air Pleid, Shanghai. those there to welcome him were Dr. Chen Kuo Lien (right) head of the Shanghal Office of the Ministry of Foreign Affaira, recently appointed Chinese Minister to Denmark, and Mr. C. Leo, a friend. (AP Photo)

Shanghai Labour Situation Explosive

Shanghai, November 19. Shanghai's troubled labour situation drifted to an explosive stage today when several thousand high and primary school teachers joined in the 24 hour old strike of the silk and textile mill workers and cinema machine-room opera- tors for higher pay and better working con- ditions.

+

The war machine in existence The was now in ingh gear. It was causing alarm and auxiety among those people who did not like warlike plans and ho those responsible of the growing resistance of peace-loving peoples the "growing clamour that they were raising. Returning to

the Western proposal, Me.. Vyshinsky amid: "You serve the up one gold taken by the Shanghai Cinema tended to disturb public arder in

platter and say that this is all you can do for the present.

J

final performances of local theatres were can- celled last night as 'machine-room operators went on strike following the rojection of a six- point demand handed to the management earlier in the day. The movie houses are ex- pected to remain closed today a result of the strong stand

Exhibitors Guild,

35

In view of the fear of retaila-

placed officers and police on duty the Shanghai Garrison Command

at all theatres.

The step was deemed necessary by the management to avold any

Preset.. one step forward in the Kingdom both try to say that they "Why so bashful all of a suction on the part of the operators. hove demobilised and disarmed, den? Do you really place such (The Western majority plan | But as Paul Cuneaur, the French Hitle confidence in the sovereign contained in Franco-Betglum delegate, suid at Geneva 20 years powers, of the General AssemTM

ago, the soldiers may have gone bly?" resolution calis for the

but they stir zabilenment of an International | home

remain Mr. Vyshinsky concluded by control body empowered to "ra faultlers.**

reaffirming the peaceful intentions He quoted from an American of his Government and was up- calva, check, and publish full Information," to be supplied by book of which Dr. Albert Einstein plauded as he left the rostrum. all members & the United was one of the joint authors to The Assembly adjourned for Nations

their on

Armed say that the United States had lunch-Reuter,

#trength, Details of the plan are

to be worked out by the Securi. ty Council' and the Commission

on Conventional Armaments.

(The Soviet proposal is that the "Big Five" cut their armaments

by one-third within a year, that the atomic bomb be abolished, and that an International control Body be set up in receive "full official dinia" of the armed strength of the "Pig Five.")

Empty Proposals

Mr. Vyshinsky declared: "This (Western) resolution removed from our discussion the whole (atom) question under a screen

Rash Of Royal Divorces Breaks Out In Cairo

Cairo, November 19.

Two Royal divorces were simultaneously announc- ed in Cairo today. The marriages of King Farouk of Egypt to 27 year old Queen. Farida and of his sister, 26 year old Empress Fawzia, to the Shah of Persia, have both been dis- solved.

of some ineffective and amply King Farouk is 28 and the Shah Mohammed Reza,

prapornis for future consulta- ilone."

He discribed as a "distortion f füct" the suggestion that the See viet Union was opposed to control and prevented e reaching of necerenzy agreement.

The Weather

Pahlevi is 29. King Farouk and Queen Farida wished to "separate by divorce in spite of all, the regret they feel", the official announce- ment said.

The divorce of the Shah of Persia and Empress Fawala "by mutual accord” would not affect friendly relations' exist- ing between Persia and Egypt,

it was stated.

+

in any way the friendly rela- tions existing between Iran and Egypt,

The official announcement from

the Abdin Palace of the divorce between King Farouk and Queen

In future, the good relations Farida stated: "God na willed

would be "developed more than At 6690 GMT (2 pm. KST), the in the past to the welfare of the typhoon was entrel 180 milion: .W. of two countries", Tokyo moving AB. at 35 knota. From itual trough extends 8. to it shallow lowe 'pidote ata 1 of the Philippines.

Pressurd remains high over Siberis and Chine."

winda. Rine. hany.

Bad Climáta

The official announcement of the Empress Fawzin'a divorce Today's Forecast-Moderata N. of, N.. stated: "Her Imperial Majesty, the Empress Fawzia, on the advice of her council of doctors, had 14 make a trip to Egypt two and a half years ago for treatment and

change of climato,

Yesterday's Wästberımın

Maxímamı 1791 deg. Fah.

Minimum 1.88.b 'dem, «Fal Hunshine 10.8. Houtain, an Rainfalli Nil, Torat, aineo 1

2442,7 MA.=98,91 - Ina, na kamīnak' Amst denverken of B097,0 mmām13.08 Ina, -

10a.m

the bonds which united two doble |it in his supreme wisdom that

Yuan Families To Evacuate

Nanking, November 19.

Dependents of members of the Legislative Yuan, whose homes

are in the North of the Yangtse; will be evacuated to places of safety.

This was decided fat in meeting toilay of a special committee of the Yuun. About

300. Legislative Yuan members come from the North of the river and the dependents of many

are at present in Nanking.

Other dependents have al- ready taken refuge in thé South but some from re- glons in the North, stilb held by the Nationalists, remain in their homes.- ¿

The points of evacuation are Formosa, Kanchow in Klangst and Kyellin in Kyangal.

The committee.

decided that legislators cóncorried will be issued with half, a year's salary and allóvý m ances in advance, to moet the costs of evacuation. Reuter-AAP.

sovereigns shall be dissolved. He damage to their equipment, The

Heuan threatened strong action to check the precipitats exodus, which he said was "a direct sur render to the Communists" and

itho rear.

Train Accidents..... He made no mention of the mass

departures of the poorer Chinese, who are still pouring out of the city by thousands for their Shanghai-Nanking and the Shang- countryside homes along the

hal-Hanchow railways.

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NATIONALISTS CLAIM "SWEEPING VICTORY" IN HSUCHOW BATTLE

Nanking, November 19, Pro-Government despatches reported today that the Battle of Hsuchow, after ten days' fighting of unprecedented ferocity, has ended in a "sweep. ing victory" for the Nationalists and "complete frustration" of the Communists' attempt to threatan Nanking and Shanghai.

In recognition of the distinguished services rendered, President Chiang Kai- shek has awarded the Blue Sky, White Sun medal and a monetary re- word of GY200,000 to General Chlu Ching-yuan, whose ormy group was credited with the defeat of the Communist General Chen Yi's forces

on the Eastern flank of Hsuchow.

Goneral Liu Shih, Commander of the Government Headquarters at Hauchow, has also appro- priated GY1,000,000 as reward to all Na- tionalist officers and mon participating in the vital battle.

In a report from Hsuchow, quoting official estim- ates, the Central Daily News, Kuomintang mouthpiece, placed the total Communist losses at over :200,000, and declared that the Com- munist attempt to advance on Nanking and Shanghai had "disintegrated.”

ALL IS NOT YET CLEAR

From Our Own Correspondent

Pelping, November 19, The result of the fighting in the Hsuchow area remains un- clear because, despite the Gov- Jernment claims of repeated victories, Communist assaults

The Chinese press, placing Some sources sald Ge the Communist forces in the Chou, irked by fallure of his men continue unabated while fight- current battle at 300,000 men te halt the Reds at Tainan and ing is reported along the Pa under Generals Liu Po-shengal lashing at a general brieting South of Hsuchow.

Chinhalen, gave them such a ver- kow-Hsuchow railway

well Chen Yi and Chen Keng, sald that the ambitious Communist in the early slagage of the Hau-

The next North China Aghting chew battle that campaign

they really open in expected in the East Hopel WẾN personully directed by Mao Tse-tung and

td up on the Rods

between the angle

Paiping Another sourds suggested that Tientsin and Tientsin-Shangbil |Chu Teh from Southern Shan- reports that General Channault Kean lines. Both sides are p tung

WEB

offering to form These reports said that the

newig troop in the neighbourhood American volunteer group to of Tongshan and East Piping Communist offensive, which was take over Chinese warplanes where the Communist spearheads first upset by the defeat of Chen

probably slung Chinese plots are within 40 miles of the city. Y's forces on the. Grand Canal into a demonstration of their

Pelping la quiet and the city front eust of Hsuchow, ended in empubliltiaa.

soome normal. The rush of failure" "complete

yesterday. In

CUSC, any when more than 20,000 of Liu Po-the show they put on over the

It was certain that Chinese evacuees has decrent. cheng's troops were claimed an-Hsuchow front excelled any pre-

ed, probably, owing to the bollat that Shanghai, and Nanking are.... nihilated South of Hauchovvious performance of the Chinenu aven less safe than here,

Withdrawing

Air Force since the end of the Taiyuan is still holding, despite Sino-Japanese war. Neutral ob- continual attack The definite hull developing, in

and the situa- the Hsuchow

servera bere inclined to give the tion in Pooting is unterlabi, bolh battle tended confirm the belief that the Com-airmen u larger share of the credit eldes claiming possession of part raunist forces were withdrawing for stopping the combined forces of the city. under the pounding of the Chin of Chen Yi; Liu Po-cheng and ese Air Force to await more fa-Chen Xeng. vourable conditions for a fresh attack.

Pro-Government-reports of

to

Rail Repairs

The statement that 1500 U. s. Marines have been de patched to Tsingtao for the protection of Americanaquees arriving there by sea would appear to be merő- metal sources said military" lý," "an-Effléial explanation because Hsuchow garrison troops were autheilles, considering the Hsu- some 2.000 Marines have been ckow battle ended, have asked sntioned thara', frin long time. one callway cfficials to accompan, fl seem more probable that the

troops as they move Northward reason for the Marines' move clump in Government, air opera- between Pengpu and Hsuchow to strengthen the forces there in tons against the Reds. Whether this was due to lack of targets order to speed repaira to sections case of a sudden move by Com. of the rat: line damaged by the munists who are now outside the Reds during the fighting.

"fanning out" from the city in a series of mopping-up

operations whflo

there was a noticeable

as the Communists pulled back or whether the air arm itself was in need of rest after more than a

week of top-speed operations was

not clear.

The Klangnan Evening Post, In a review of latent dispatches, "asid~~General" Hung" "Portwo's" army group, striking along the Langhal line, recovered Hulnan. chen, 70 miles east of Hsuchow while to the north Nationa

claimed control of the troops Likuo-Hanchuang railing miles above Hsucko.

A Norking relaxed with re-

Both the KMT Central Daily News and Catholic ut Shih Pao

In

alopatches from Hauchow

cialmed

Iport.

Mae Tre-tung'o Chief On Other Pages

of Staff personally directed the Hauchow-operations. Previo

reccrts claimed

Imed ulu Po.chana | was given overall command, but Page It was the opinion of military observers that Communist flel

Lower Court Hearing On PWD

Chup Concludes.

commarders followed the usual, Page 3

habl of Independent 'command' but cless do-operatlan.

How aron the Communists are

able o

Developmente fri-Fire Inquiry..

舂 Pago

Pozelble Britain-Eire Alliande.

The Arst batch of American evacuees due to sail nboard the United States naval

ef from the tension which bound Hisuthow area depends largely on Cruzada In Europe",

oʻresume attack against The | Page 6 Butner for San Francisco on the city the past two months, ob-how many casualties and losses of Page 7 Monday. underwent screening servers suld

suld General Chou Chih-

they supplies

suffer. actually

at the United States Consulate-Scu's Chinese Air Force had won adeticted that in view of the

General today. The exact num- ber of applicants wishing to the people evacuate 'on the vessel.“ which has accommodation for 200 cabin Army commanders-possibly in and 1.200 troops-class passengers,iuding Chiang Kai-shek himself --who previously looked down on tactical value of air power.

of tyck A new position both in the

and the of old-line

eyes

is not known, but the Consulate announced this

morning that there is still room for other Am- ericans deciding to leave.

No Explanation

+

one observer said.

Government's punishing air aup port, the Reds are unlikely to venture into open country around

Tuleley npain, unless under the pretection of cloudly winter skies which make air action diflukt - Just what was responsible for | Associa cò Prées. the startling reversal of, form on

In the first of severat special alghts,

United States Army planes today brought 20„Ameri- the part of Chou's flyers, whose cons from the central Yangtse past performance in previous bat- port of Hankow to Shanghal. --- Pes had been anything but me Router.

standing, was still not explainen.

French Have Jitters Over Action In Ruhr

Paris, November 19. .. French fears 'that Britain and the U.S. are pushing :

German recovery too fast appear to be a greater danger to the French Government than the Communist strike problem.

The National Assembly's committee on foreign af- fairs protested violently against the decision of the British and American military governments to return control of Ruhr industry to German trustees.

The commitico- demanded.

has put In the heart of His operators are demanding a 100 that French representatives to Majesty King Farouk, and the per cent increase in salary over First Queen Farida the desire to the cost of living index.", separate by divorce Inspité of all·|||| the regret they feel

No "Succom

the London six power confor- ince on the Ruhr take a stand |not only for international con-

All French factions are unit- ed againat pushing: Garman re- cavery...and differ.only as to degree,

This feeling among Frenchmen,

25

clali.

"To echlove this desire, King The city's top-ranking dificios, (ro) over distribution of the coupled with the political suc Farouk was granted an "Ishad including Mayor K. C. Wu, con-Industrial area's coal and stoo! cess of General Charles de Gaulle, Sharel (Moslem legal certificate) ferred unsucessfully daylong with but for "international technical are becoming a source of sharp on Wednesday, November; 17... | the leaders of the General Labour and; commercial | controls concern for top American off-

King Farouk and Queen Union, which claims a member well?: Farida have three daughters: ship of about one million, inzan

hese officials foar that were Unfortunately, these doctors The heir-presumptive is Prince effort to end the spreading The Foreign Mister, Robert de Gaulle to gain control of the have deckled that the, Teheran

Mohamed Aly (born November strikes. which, hitherto have Schuman, will, be called before French Government, his policies

would

·Climate was not súltable for her 3, 1075) first cousin to the King brought to a standstill dozens of the foreign dižalka 'committoo Baro, at mad, NE

| and that`her'sing in Persia woul

and younger - -brother at the factories, all, movie theatres, and next week. He will have to slofthe pardise fliò success of European Recovery Pro- Ensala. 15.15... 20,64 inches:] boidEngerous to her, health.

the majority of schoola,NE formar Khediva: Abžán, Hilm. 186,The dispute stemmed from th★ lot of explaining·lo appease the gramins oppound) to the best | They reguys ja~~na=| Ral, fumialty

"Censoquantly, by mutual The Shah and Empress of Perelt government cost of living assembly Pok

accord, It has been decided to sla have a daughter, born index for the first half of Nov.

interests of Western Europe. break socording to the Islamic 10400-year-old, shab, amber, which Inbout considers Stafe, Mr. Marshall, talked, pri- de Gaulle, if he olime to power, The United States, Secretary Int American, observers foar, that law the snored unich - which who loves speed, daring-he |inadéquato; although it is 8.1 times united Mic Pimperial: Majesty tys his own planosylated Eng-higher than the mid-August vafely today with Britain's Hee- would tend to disruptă Interns- 3. Mohammed"Ħaża. Bhah Pantavi; Taral in "dály this year and, For furt

kega tof MeNeil, and it was under tional co-operations bifrons with "Empresa Fawxin/5 This two nights, stayed at Buckingham 2"Describing them da "rotten ele-stood French, objections on Ilie | promisingi tunades), bartimulatin * conjugal-rupture will not affect Palace,milautanen

ments of the population, General Ruhry were discussed.

on the ferman' aito"

De

Wind Dreskóza

Wind · Poren

knots

31.05

30.11

06,10

35,41.

Page

Page P

U. &

8. Speeds Food To China,

Engineering Page.

Bribe Scandal Inquiry. Page 10

Maritime Strikes Costly. Pana 11

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