1948-08-05 — Page 8

: THE, CHINA „MAIL, THURSDAY, AUGUST 5, 1940.

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ENGINEERING PAGE

STEEL'S

PART IN BRITAIN'S

BATTLE OF PRODUCTION By John Kingsley

there

Looking bne! ever Britain's

of Production are two big Industrial sugeESSES to record. The year 1947 end- ret with Britain's first battle won--the battle for coal. We have

That overall balance

of pay= | sequences of a setback of that ments sounds much more com-magnitude would be Incalculable; forting than it really is. It is in- and not only in Europe. It is to portant, of course, and vitally so, avold just that that the Marshall but its not the end of the proton was put forward.

the

hq_

Essential Supplies

of

are

ed Job we shall be doing some- thing which we hope will prove just as important-helping the European and other sterling-area countries which receive our goods to build up their own economics.

So that, although some of our exports are going to be unrequited

to

reach

just about 0,000,000 tons mura Inday than we expected to have at the end of the summer,

in the strict and immediate senso, Steel production is the other blem, by any means, The latest

they may, we hope, help to turn big success. It mate a great re-

is that, even if we reneh estimate

the balance towards prosperity

ity in m the last few mintha of this happy covery

overall balance [FL Assuming that it goes through,

other

This countries.

again. the year, nnel, In spite of the

1948.

Britain's trade balance with February crisis, which drastically the

Britain's essential supplies-on a comes into the Marshall Plan, as dollar urea Wi! be

ad-very low standard of living, it is part of the international-self-help cut production, hit the farget for verse to the tune of £300,000.- 1947.

The

steel-production tar- 500. Now the mere fact that, by

true-will be assured, and she will phase of it. It is quite clear that get for 1948 has been set at the her export drive,

therefore curry through her ex-Britain cannot hope Britsh record total of

customers row may, port programme as far as possi-prosperity if her 14,760,000 tons.

ons with a lot of luck, have a favour- The will allow us to export able balance

belleve that the produc» | main pour, Though we hope to with

on side of that program the meet our personal debts, we are some other

Can get direct help from America to 1,750,000 tons, and keep 13,000,000.

help hei and will be renched. Whether for home industry. That

ndustry. That is 1500 countries, wil ot

300 meet her dular deficit. In

enough of our no more

exports can be also proposing to do our part by than industry got in a lot of our production is going diren 1947, and nearly 3,000,000 more under

directed where they will do the passing on to Europe the pro- general heading of most good, which is to the dollar ducts of our factories, even though than in an average pro-war your unrequited exports, meaning and other hard-currency aren, we shall not earn dollars with

In 1917, it became evident that

goods for which we shall not be remains to be seen. Certainly, s them. the two fondamentals of our paid in hard currency or gold. large proportion

them

But you can see that it is all dustrial ecc

economy should be able

How, then, are we to pay for going under the unrequited-ex-

to take a lot of manage- to carry the leat which Britain's the goods we will have to obtain

going port heading, mud this raises the ment, and that there is not much (export programme places upon from the dollar

because we area them. Unless that were true. of

question of whether such exparts margin of time. Things have got cannot get them anywhere else? fre worth the suerifiee of so much to succeed, und do so reasonably course, the whole export pro We s sul have some gold, and

of our own capital reconstruction.quickly, If Europe is 10 avoid krainie would nat worth the that,

is estimated will last un-

We have already accepted the economic collapse. paper It was written on, But, be- til June. After that,

It is true, the country can

I suppose it fact that our original plans for is the Marshall Plan or nothing capital reconstruction in 1948 mus! face 1948 with reasonable con- If we are forced to get from the be eat-in view of the present idence.

£180,000,000.

Beside coal and steel, there dellar area only what we could situation--by

The The actually pay for with dollars earn- savi

encouraging aspects. home are ether materials and labour saving In ed by our

own

or with

The with will be devoted

Russian trade exports,

agree- to the export gold, we are going to have to cut trade. Now there is no need to ment is one of them, and the Swedish agreement is another. our dollar purchases by at least stress the need for half in 1948, and by à lut more construction in the form of new

capital re- The Inst was particularly import than half in 1949. But that would rolling stock

ant, because it opened up the and Fallway lines. Swedish market to a great many (clearly delay Indefinitely any real new roads and factories, and un-British produets which have not

British or European recovery, and limited numbers of houses, the political and economic con-

is fairly good reason for believing But been able to get in yet. Now there

in 1948, or at any rate in the near future, something like this can be done with the thirty or forty other countries with whom we are opening negotin- tionis.

cause

Wider Issue

than thot,

11

Flut no 17 would be fouth to be tuo suou make gland. The success of the enal and steel industries in 1947 has made it possible to carry on the next stage of the #ght for

1814

more production and more ex- pörts. When that fight is won- and winning it is Britain's task for 1948-we shall be in a position to face the wider issue of our long-term future as an industrial nation That is something for beyond our own borders,

British industry's inb in 1948 is to get a ten per cent. increase In production, and now that we know there is going to be enough real, and steel, and power, it! should not be too dimeuit. By cutting imports of everything we can do without, including food, the country got its monthly ad- verse trade balance down to about £30,000,000 for the month of No- vember, By colting a

per cent. increase in production, the jden is that we shall be able to export goods worth Just

About £30,000,000 each month more than we have been. Therefore, it in 1040 our Imports continue to be cut to the bone, and our ex- We will

Imperial Chemical Industries (China) Ltd.ports hit the target.

Prince's Building

Telephone 2GG38.

Chater Road

achieve an overall balance of pay- ments. At the end of 1947, we -were-down -on the year by Just "

about £000,000,000,

When the mule said no

When the treadmill set the pace, no wonder production was

slow and halting. With modern electrical plaat, such, balts are rare, thanks to the pioneer engineers who made electricity an almost perfect servant. Foremost among these is the Crompton Parkinson organisation-with 60 years of achieve- ment behind it, yet essentially progressive-preparing to produce even better moters, transformers, switchgear and cables for industry of the future.

KATETORE MILANO ST Kit maen′′ – ketumitzai "BA RENTALSMES » THI COLLAR » ALLY, THIRST MBENT

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National City Bank of New York Dida

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Machine For Scrubbing The Floor

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A now floor cleaner produced by Fraser Tuzon Products, -of-Beckenham, Kent, England. This floor cleaner not only applies a soap solution to the floor and thoroughly scrubs it by means three rotating bru hes, but also picks up the dirty soapsude and leaves the floor dry and clean, The machine carries two motors, one of which operates three scrubbing brushes, which have a double rotating motion, while the other drives, a suction system to remove the dirty suds from the floor and deposits them In a tanic provided. A variety of brushes can be supplied to cover different types of floors and floor, coverings and variable loading can be applied to the brushes to ensure that different types of surface are thorough- ly cleaned.

Two Fresh Advances In

Lens-Making Technique

that,

'Trade Pacts

This is all part of the process of mutual self-help, of cach na- tion throwing the lifeline to the other. And it will continuo, if the first link in the lifeline comes, as most of Europe believes it will, from the

the United States. Before

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APB2

The SINCERE Cot

the war, Britain's on- HONGKONG'S GREIN

nual trade deficit was only a little

over

twelve per cent. of the pre-

sent figure.

feli was so

One reason the de-

so low won

was that we had in enormous income from over- sens investments, from shipment, and from banking, Insurance, and other commercial services per- formed by the City of London. Tha The oversens investments were iquidated to pay for the war, ended the war with a merchant fleet only half the size

and we

with which we began it. That is why we have to pay as we do, today, instead of being able to

draw

on assets built up over four

or five generations, when Britain was the world's greatest industrial nation, and Its greatest foreign tender.

Costs Switch

There was also another reason for the small deficit in pre-war ears. The cost of the things we "mported-food and raw materiais -was cheap, but the cost of the manufactured goods we exported was not so cheap.

The fail in world prices Wes very much raw

WHE

treater in the case of most materials then it was in the case of manufactured goods. Every former knows that from personal experience. That certainly is not true today. Prices Dro still at high levels. Of course, that ta why the American loan, which

supposed to last for five years, lasted only for just over two. That 13 why we had, at the end of 3047, to cut our food bill by one-quarter. "We Are Not Used to this Bort

of Orials'

The significance of these things very hard for millions of or- dinary British men and women to grasp. We are not used to this Fort of economic crisis, and, naturally enough, the nation's hoper were for a better world after

the war: Nobody's Idea of better world includes moro rationing and harder work, Jet that is just what it has turned out to be.

a

There

a now spirit In Britain,

a spirit which grew up in 1947.

I should say that the almost total

absence of atrikes. In recent

A dozen or so years ago it suffer from only use disadvantage, would have been generally correct being ausceptible to abrasion, but to say that the process of making the search goes on for a satisfac months is concrete evidence of spectacle lenses had not changed | tdry method of increasing the that. That much in three centuries. But re-resistance of, plastic lenses to ab: the sense of responsibility not Is good testimony to cently two innovations ir particu- | rasion without affecting their merely of the trade unions but lar have changed traditional pro-homogeneity Or

amenability to of the ordinary man and woman. cesses. One is the use of diamond precise moulding. grains sa: an abrasive element in Turning to glass lenses and the hey do not know all the details, place of emery, the other is the development of grinding with but they know in general that we moulding of optical plasties into diamond grain, the obvious are up against it, and they are lens forms, Britain's ophthal objective fa mulcker produc- doing as they always have, pull- nio Industry, without heavy, long- tion, When grinding is done withing their weight. established inveatments in ortho-, diamond Impregnated tool an i think, then, you can any that, dox lens plant, and with an In average operational cycle. for a sa far as Britain is concerned in centive to quick expansion of its block containing ten or a doren 1948, we are going to do our manufacturing capacity, has been lenses is about raven minutes. A share of the work of getting out well placed for experimentation. battery of six diam od grinders of the post-war impoverishment It was, for example first in the can be, minded by de operator. of the greater part of the world. If Held commercial plastle The actual process of grinding is we only had to deal with our own

· spectacle ́lens, -

automatic. And, providing the problems inside our own borders Plastic

spectacle lenses have

have d'amond Impregnated tool is pro-we would have the problem sol several advantages: they are con- perly serviced, the resultant surved by 1900.; But that is not the siderably lighter than glass lenace faces are of uniformly high case. Almost more than Duy or similarsiz, thickness and quality. Hence subsequent other nation, our prosperity de- power; tildir likau transmission is smoothing and

polishing are

pends on that of the world in Father higher than that of specta- | mode easier; and “a high percent- general. jelo slags, and, of course they are age of frat-quality anished lesser And, as I tried to show earlier we are planning to do our Fyrkeneily unsprinteratteri yney lobtainedi

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