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THE CHINA MAIL, MONDAY, JUNE 14, 1948,

Book Review

SECOND WORLD WAR

WHY THESE MURDERS ARE

In detective' offkes up and down the land aro

24 BOMO dossiers each of which contains every crumb of fact it has been possible to gather about a kill- ing that, bas hit the headl

of

The

UNSOLVED

ahould, in my view--and in the view of all laxod,

detectives-bo zot though. Third Dogtrea methods obtaining evidence" by force or throats-should never be-

allowed.

And each dossier - is--incomplete, pr Each lacks the most vital fact of "These rules make it crystal) Now a detectivo has not mere- No Prejudices all - the clearly

established clear to the detective that pot fly to memorise those rules, but]` identity

murderer. merely the subject A Short History, By Cyril Ealls. Twenty-five big query marks on whatever evidence he may gather They came into existence as

matter of he has rigidly to abide by them. Take it from me that relaxa Methuen, 18s not.

ation would never bo abused.. De some of which has its importance, but that the To view a global war in its murder, dossiers

were opened more than 30 tenner in which it is gathered protection of the rights of indivi-tectives are not out to bully and dunk and a safeguard of the and catole innocent individuals into proper perspective while it in progress-is-an-impossibility, months ago.

Among them, "making-the -For-howover-direct and comcient principle of British law that danging admissions. They are Each day one, geis fragments of

shadows blacker than ever, are plete the evidence may be, it is a man, any man, even « man men who go-aborit-their-job news from one of the

many

the unsolved slaying of seven worth nothing unless it can be against whom the deepest sus- theatres of operations on

land

And picion of being a murderer exists, preconceived prejudices

They know--and the know- ia innocent guilty.

-la-also-vital.

or on sea, and one knows that children, in circumstances which brought forward in court.

angered-and alar.z.ed-

by have the communiques put out elther side revcal only a part of parents everywhere.

the truth, and are so worded as Finding Clues

of casen-

deprive the enemy tial information. Never before

By Ex-Divisionál Dotective Inspector

JACK HENRY

who

until he

without heat of anger or any

is proved ledge is with them every hour of the day-that before they arrost - And, as every detective will a man on a murder or any other tell you, it is this principle that charge their ovidence must be, has thrown a cloak of protection to the limit of their belief, 100 over many a guilty man.

per cent, watertight,

STILL WORLD STATESMAN World statesman, soldier, philosopher, a glant who has dominated the public life of in human bistory has war been Now each of thess murder my- has had its own little South Africa for 50 years waged un such a scale, and over sterics

World collection of clues-a Tong career World and occupied a commanding war II. It involved the whole of of crime

Investigation teaches position on the world stage Europe,

considerable

you that every murderer leaves a portion you for 30 years he is Jan of Asia, Northern Africa. North clue of some sort. if only it can Record was eight in two years power whatever to compel a sus Christian Smuts, deposed and South America, Australasia, be found and read aright. from the Premiership as a and practically all of the result of the recent General Sens. It witnessed the coll of course, cach case has been the

Elections,

Had he not lived the Trans- yaal and Free State might not have received full responsible Government as soon after the Boer War; the Union might

Auch enormous arcas ng

Ani

work by | subject of -paintaking

murder inves- In the world's best

Brilish detectives the end of tigators-s

Why

that the is it, then, ous police can't catch these murder- riders?"

•

solved

many murder mysteries in his 20 years with Scotland Yard.

roads:

..

No Power

The fact is, detectives have no

up

the

answer

fectly straightforward N

A Jig-Saw

Two other polits. The police forces

Britain should be of brought up to full strength at the earliest possible moment.. pubile

And to every member of the I would say: "Never and ones he had three casos

pect to answer thoir question hesitate to give the police a on his hands in one day.

They | Ings.---

may detain him, helping hand--especially in a He was and of 12 founder-

You may of one State after another

members of the Yard's famous bounce is nothing they can do murder investigation.

to enako him answer their inter-

hoar of, some tiny Europe until before

know, or Flying Squad.

rogation, oven though they are little point which may not mean the first year Gr

Great Britain

ain and most certainly are.

cartain he could clear very much perfectly

to you, but which her Empire were fighting single-

riddle they are probing, may be of the greatest help to Germans. It spread to Afrlen and handed

victorious against the

It is a question I can there is a lot of difference bet makes no difference even if the detectives pursuing some East

which thoroughly understand the man- tween gathering evidence and they are Asia, in both of

are perfectly convinced he balling Investigation?.. ts the actual murderer. You see areas, the Initial alvantages in-the-street asking with terse being able to make use of it.

No. 3 of the Judges' Rules what this means. The neet Hitler's directness. And it is one I can rested with our foes. not have grown out of the fatal mistake in attacking Rus- answer with equal directness.

to refusing National Convention in Dursta seemed likely for some time

The police of Britain are being "Persons in custody should

A murder investigation is very Not visible not be questioned without the logs, may, be detained on sus-much like a jig-saw puzzle. Every ban so easily; South Africa to strengthen his military post-kept in handcuffs.

usual caution being admini picion. Ho may pek for

alittle bit has got to fit. And might not have gone to war tion, and to give him access to ones, felters which are as rigid

and unbreakable as steel. Fetters tered."

solicitor or friend to be sent for until every bit does fit, a man. with Germany in 1939 and, if unlimited supplica of foodstuffs, which hamper and clog the work The form of caution is pre. If he makes the request it must however suspect he may be, is It had, might not have been Britain and

labour of the

murder investigator at scribed. The manor women- be

It he makes granted.

4 not charged

with

murder and the United States

is told: ninost every stage,

must be cautioned put on trial in court, held together as firmly as it

"You are not obliged statement ho were caught off-balance by

to say anything unless you wish first And whatever the state- Why can't the police catch was held by Smuts.

undeclared war.

however Japan's

to do so, but anything you say ment,

untruthful the

in quite a murderers? detectives may will be taken down in writing

know it to be, number of murder riddles the he must not be cross-questioned detectives have more than just and may be given in evidence,"

No. 7 of the Judges Rules about it.

an idea of where the guilt Hes. That is the sort of thing Bri-But, as you can soc, knowing A prisoner

tain's murder making

Investigators pre and proving are two totally dit- voluntary statement must not up against. That is the sort of ferent things while the Judges' bo cross-examined, and no thing I am convinced is very Rules remain as they are, questions should be put to him largely responsible for the My opinion, based on experi- about it except for the pur mounting hst of unsolved murence, is that Britain's detectives pose of removing ambiguity in der mysterica,

should be unshackled and given what he has actually sold.

banning the the full chance to turn suspicion "For instance, mentioned saying

raw material and slavo THW

In

recon-

Nine Precepts

·

qua, often step by step and by thn employment of masses of that the work of a detective-out frands

By all the standards Smuts Europe, in Africa and in Asia is a great man and whatever it became necessary to faults he may have displayed in his long, full career faults of a big man with a clear purpose.

are

ΟΙ

310

It may not be generally known men and material, thousands of on an investigation-murder square miles of territory which otherwise is

guided by very

He can had been occupied in a few days rigid rules.

by no or weeks by the avalanche of moins do as he likes. Ho may In the world's capitals he the German and Japanese ot- suspect a certain individual, and appears as a world statesman,fensives. At the end of 1940 had his suspicions may hit the target. to be very careful the man who sees big things, it not been for the courage and But he has and sees them as a whole; in endurance of the people of the Indeed about the steps he takes United Kingdom, the situation to convert suspicion Into ab- Pretoria and Cape Town his might well have appeared hope- soluto certitude. wide outlook makes him less for the democracles. At the careless of and often indiffer end of 1941 or early in 1942 the ent to the problems which situation in the Pacifle had be- come so desperate that it was difficult to see how the Allies could ever regain the initially which had been lost by unpre

Inadequate re-

face him.

and

From the beginning of his works as a crime investigator the detective has to familiarise him- self with what are known as the Judges Rules. There are nine what may and what may not be of them -nino precepts as to regarded as evidence in a Bri

tish court of law.

His opponents in South Africa taunt him with a "let things develop" mentality.paredness But when he acts, he does so gources.

The short history under review competently, vigorously and is a welcome volume, bewuse it ruthlessly when necessary. Cees succeed in putting hiper- Smuts is quick moving in [spective, albeit in retrospect, the a crisis,

course of military, naval, and air magnanimous in

operations from September 3, victory, sociable among his 1939 (when Britain declared war friends, but reserved and on Germany)' until Sept. 3, aloof with acquaintances. 1945, when Japan's surrender

In spite of his world re- was formally signed on putation, Smuts himself attempts to be impartial, and is would want to be judged on just as critical of some phases his services to his own coun- of British and Allied operations 111 taetles try. He said early in the perfe

their warfare a last war:

and Italian strategy.

were naturally moro

board

the U.S.S. Missouri. The author

the

10.

The regulations he has questioning of a suspect who into proof, then fewer murderers hour without may afterwards ba charged would go free. whether te was morn! ing or evening, or has given à day of the week and day of the month which do noi_dgree, or has not mado it clear to what individual or what place. he intended to refer in BOTS part of his statement, he may be questioned sufficiently clear up this point.”

CLOSE WATCH ON RELIEF GOODS

Washington, June 12.

10

Truman Speech Tour A Failure?

(By Scott Rankino, Reuters Correspondent).

Washington, June 12, As President Truman's speech-making tour of America enters its last week, opinions differ on whether the campaign has been a success or failure.

Trained observers will follow the movement of Mar-At shall aid goods to their final destinations in Europa to see none goes into the black market or gets behind the “iron curtain,”

"Most

a European

processed

Reuter.

the moment, the consensus of political observers appears to be that the President stands very little chance of re-election. In his campaign so for, Mr. Truman has voiced four major ob-, jectives, all of them providing arguments for his return to power.

Ho bas:-

ed, and say that local political

henchmen have been divided, disappointed and disgruntled.

denta hava

All this, say his critics and the disappointed. predominantly Republican press,

But the tour has not been the

has been an outstanding failure. "operation frost-bite" presented They described his meetings as by the Republican newspapers.

very poorly attend-Reuter having

Mr. Eric L. Kohler, Comp- He said the Economic Co- For my own part I wish generally

Administrator, Mr. for nothing better than to interested in news of the feats troller of the Economic Coop-operation

Administration, dis- Paul Hofman, was specially con- have contributed something of their own armed forces whe-cration

cerned to see no sales of so-call- ther in Europe, or Asia, and closed this here today.

cd "contraband" take place the to the welding of a nation. though they heaved sighs of re- "We intend to follow up thd diversion of industrial equip-Placed upon. Congress the

He was an enemy of Fas- llef when the Soviet Armies shipments until we are satished cism from

On the other hand, some of the beginning staged successful counter-attacks they are going to the uses Coo- ment to Russia and her satelllies responsibility for the main

the beat Informed correspon At the time many prominent or offensives, they had, on the gress intended," Mr. Kohler sald. which might build up the Soviet social and economic problems

of the day; whole, a

thr idea of very hazy

of the

the investigators will capacity for waging war..

paid a tribute to Information furnished by Euro- Mapped out the people were still praising the

election flow

the vigour and be accountants or auditors. They Dean

of the precise nature of the

President's good works of Hitler and ebb of

Governments or private strategy of the Democratic Party; the German armies in will work

belilperent replies to his critics. work under

Tried to remove the wide- (FARE)| Mussolini, Smuts was at the Eastern theatre. It is pos comptroller who has been chosen citizens will be followed up by

They praised his attacks, on the 'Investigators, ha added. spread Impression that he is too

Congress. tacking the systems. And sible by a perusal of this-his-but-whose name is being with-the

small a man for the big task of Republican-controlled. HK$150.-

and a study of its 10 held pending final approval

"partial-observer, however, the presidency; and today Smuts is warning theory

that the President campaign maps, to follow

Made himselt known to thou-t seems the the oppointment. world against the danger of course-of- -35.-

rach

"These investigators_will_fol IRAQ_MINISTER

expected the country to rise up enemy advance

sands of Americans far away in wild enthusiasm he-has-been- Communism.

and of the culminating and low the raw materials to the fac

RESIGNS

from the capital, 300.-

Smuts

was accused in dramatie offensives of the Am-toty where they are South Africa of being unable vital factors or turning points in

crican and British forces. The into speelded recovery items.

"Food will be price check.

Baghdad, June 12. 215.-to delegate work or author this herculean struggle were, in

ed to learn whether it is Mohammed Mahdi Kuba, Iraqi ity. It is said that when the his view, the signature of the switched into speculative chan: Minister of Supply, today tender- 400.-

nois: Machinery will be traceded his resignation, which was at Gold Loan to Britain had German-Soviet Pact on the eve been negotiated, not even his the success of the German

outbreak of hostilities,

to copied. until

its final Installation 200,-

iam

Sadig al Bassam, the Finance sas it is used for the recovery Minister of Finance knew vaston of Norway, the break-

purposes intended and not for Minister, has been appointed act- about it. It is said that he through in France, the Battle of 240,-

"making" armamente.".

lag Supply - Minister-Reuter. rules his Cabinet with a rod Britain, the German invasion. of 350.- of iron.

Russia, Pearl Harbour, and the H¢ is

point at which Japan found her- CARNIVAL never concerned seif 350.- with sport.

unable to

to continue on Once when a offensive, and began to yield to Cambridge undergraduate, Allied counterblows. Due credit '95.-. he caused alarm and con- is given to the United States victory, for its major share in sternation by inquiring ras 210.-"What boat race?" But he the result of the incredible ex- American industry. has a multitude of hobbies Whereas Britain ranked Arat -his latest is cinemaphoto- among the victors in World War I she fell back to third place in graphy.

In 1901 during the Boor World War Ii, although her sen-

power was again a vital War he set off on his famous tribution. The author inclines to commando-raids into the the view at hellier, the Brl- Cape Colony carrying twosh nor the American soldier in books Kant's "Critique of the late war was as "stuff" as he

The book Pure Reason" and a Greek was in World War 1.

is adequately testament-in his saddlebag. cxed, but there He raided right through the typographical errors than 010 Cape reaching the gates of would expect in such a publica-- Cape Town.

His success against the Germans in South West and the vague ideas of Woodrow East Africa in the first World Wilson.

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War brought him into pro A man pré-eminently suit- minence-and-in-Januaryed to crisis, he took over the 1917, he was sent to England premiership of South Africa to represent-his Government in September, 1939, and bỳ. at the Imperial Conference. his swift actions prevented Later Lloyd George prevail bloodshed in a country scoth- [ed on him to take a scat in ing with anti-British and

the British War Cabinet. pro-German feeling. From then on he became in. When the war ended world figure with a mighty Smuts, a man of vision, saw

a great future for his coun reputation.

In 1910 he published a try, but know thousands pamphlet called "The League more white immigrants were of Nations, a Practical Sugs needed and hundreds of new gestion. Its became famous industries would have to be overnight, and crystallised opened up.

#3-13

I got the nic

the Bon:

RUG

SADEN FOILET

By Dick Turner

GIVE GERMANY A CHANCE--BEVIN

Sheffield, Juno 12.

The Foreign Secretary, Mr. Ernest Bavin, today ad- vocated giving Germany a chance to come back into the comity of nations.

+

Addressing

audience - an

"It aggression starts again, the

here, he said: "My Invitation defenders of the faith must throw to Germany is to try by way their all into-the-pool-from the

of peace, not the sword today it starts,Reuter. live with her neighbours.

"It is a matter of profound re- gret that we have not been able

settle

Europe

but we aTO

First To Forgivo

J

Mr. Bovin said that Russia is

making progress in organizing trying to treat Germany like Fo

land and Czechoslovakia.

009 STOP-

to

"I hope

the Western Union."

On 'Palestine, he commented:

That is a position we cannot

settlement between the accept," he said.

Mr. Bevin did not elaborate. and Arabs in Palestine Will However, it was believed he was

Jows and

be

possible. They are

both

Bemluc, only their reilgion dif- referring to the. Communist, of ters. Therefore it might be pos- forts to turn Eastern Germany

in for them to find a 80 Wo another satellite state. Ny

tion and live in proco."

In a

„Programmas and the cost of the war, Mr. Ernost Bevin said: I-do-not think.it is too much now to say to all our friends that while we stood

Bean Ramovory. Pre the Euro-

-}·

the cost and added £20,000,000,-

"Germany cannot be

left

where she was," he said. "Ne!« ther-can-she be twisted as tr Hitler word still alive, must try and give Germany; some political roote and allow har constitution, to develop. dur

000 to the national debt against "It, it can beconte a peaco love ourselves, is it not possible to got ing; nation foining the rest of

new evaluation in which all of Europe and contributing" hapa..

calculate & from us can begin to the start of the battle to the end?

and Britaiz, is MIT: "that “ la asking for nothing. We all: Hope entrance to the hall with placards and pray that war will not come boerlagtig

Inscription e)

car, we would be the first to forgive and forget everything. went through during the war

The Communists picketed the

such

again. It it did there can be no Baving Toreign Tory Policy sterling, debt and no war debts., United - Press Popul