1948-06-05 — Page 6

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30

WE STRUGGLED YEARS IN PALESTINE

WE FAILED, but could' we have done a Could we have done better by better job. both Jews and Arabs. J. L. HAYS, our Reporters & General Omoe $2313 special correspondent gives what he believes

to be the answer.

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WEDDING

MAHER-CHAVES: -Mr.

&

10

Reven out of every As Arabs, ond nine nut of every 10 Jews.

Jee the pleased to

re

bricks of us-and this pleasure is Just about the only thing they have in common-It would seem we have failed.

But if this should be the case and history and generations of Baltons, Jews and Arabs yet un born wi!

01

ol

poverished and backward, their tand near-barren after centuries of Turkish rule could not keep up the pace of development de manded by educated, cultured Jows pouring in from Europe and backed by world Jewry's Onance; (2) Both communities had for ubjected to generations been

tho abure and persecution

of the Ot- have the final say-hands of the rulers of this much can be said with cer toman and Russian Empires. Both

were suspicious of authority, th tainty now: that only 39 days be-

'only police Allenby entered the Holy deed, had known fore City on foot as a pilgrim, en De forces and Government officials

who were corrupt and cruel. cember 11, 1917, with the beaten Turks streaming worth before his

task alcati 280, Lancers, our

had already been Kow-Palestine

near doomed to fallure as makes no matter.

Mrs. C. 11 Chaves anuance the forthcoming marriage of their daughter, Drolinda Socorro, Sun- to Willian Maher on day, 3 p.m.. June 13, at St. Theresa's Church, Kowloon. No invitations ᎥᎿᎬᎢ . being Issued but Trials and relatives are cordially invites to the wedding and

at reception quent Prince Edward Road, loun.

subse.

MARSHALL AID CUTS

The suggestion that the funds to be made available for Marshall Aid in Europe and Asia may be drastically cut, at this stage, is illustra- tive of the tremendous han- dieap the United States faces, inter- militating against national Confidence. To in- pire such confidence, a

on

11

118

tis

of

For what became known

Balfour Declaration was al- the rendy publie to the world.

has happenel Forget what

Forget committees Kince, inquiry, white papers, the Gen- plan eral Assembly's partition and America's belated trusteeship proposals.

National Home

No Unity

when every Jow in Europe was ntral or potential refugee from

Nazism, with the National Honie bacon of hope across the Medi-,

Palestine, shindig out like

This Is Fighting In Greece

By KEITH AND ELISABETH BUTLER

cases,

"The Greek Army is fighting | In one hospital we visited, out a garrison war-and leaves the of alxty-five wounded

So forty-eight were from mines. The

Greek initiative to the guerillas.

and Americans 132,000-men sold the British Jews will never forgive in Greece, and many Greeks. too,nghting a cunning and merciless us for the White Paper-although

ferranean.

011

foc.

Bry

country

The

Quring the last year.

To and out the truth we ka From Jannina airfield the fol- because of Work-War 2 t never

Greck War Minister, lowing day we set off by Jeep was implemented as alrictly

As the

George Strato

convoy for Stratos, to take us with and armoured car was intended. It was because of

of the Filiatis, guerilla-raided his flying tour ter- him. the White Paper that the

their first drew

gunsnghting troops in Western Ma-along the Albanian border. rorista

At

kilometro codonin and Epirus.

-the eighteenth against the British.

From Kozanl

WA airfield

the officer in the leacting armour- But we don't love Palestine

achievement? "Seeped" west to Slastista, headed oar suddenly took nim with empty-handed of and this is the point over which quarters of the Second Division his sten gun nt some object out

fought con-of sight to us. will Unger troops who have future historians

Minister, From our jeep, the tiguously since they left Athens longest.

all the difficulties, of in September, 1040. Yard by yard the General and we breathlessly Despite

fought they have

A bitter, followed the line of his gun's diverted heavy revenues

over the wild | muzzle. A wild uniformed figure security.acrvices of an admin. treacherous war

mountain

of ranges

Agrafn, rushed towards us: "Stop! Mines istration often necessarily gear Hassia and Pierria, up to the on the road." ed down to the slowest anction of the population, we have a guerilias' mountain stronghold in Grammes range along the complished much of which to the

Albanian frontier. Proud,

be Figures do not matter in u and so far away, but we havo built roads and railways, made

enabled the

Heavy Losses

Losses are heavy in this kindja

Both yearned ardently for in- Halla' one of the Mediterlough / of Righting, especially among the

For

graatest ports..

No Mercy

The man was a country Home Quard, a huge man, with a long white beard and a green

his head. 001

He

berat

was armed ike lobslet, Manlicher rifle in hand, revolver

in belt, knife at waist, bat-bandelier across bis shoulders

to return to thousands of acres officers. In two days one left wastefully barren. Disease-talion lost fifteen dead, nineteen these were the visible armament, ridden and poverty-stricken when wounded and thirty-one the Turks left, the Palestine action with frostbite. Arab.now has a higher standard officers have been lost that one of life than any of his Moslem captain does the operations plan- ning previously done by a major brothers.

three assistants. Many of these officers have not than neen

their families more two months during eight years In Albania, war bagan Their

1040, the Italians, in against

ento Middle East took them to

brought them back

..

He May Be Right For nearly all Jewish develop ment the Jews claim credit. The shippopulation has increased soven

an!

bringing in Jews increased their times in 25 years. Yowish com- | 120cc 2n-1945-and-n-few-months. to cover.

dependence, for national entity, Both were equally easily moved

out of more were unrevealed. We took by rhetoric and obsessed by of demigation by either:

So many his pleture and, grinning, he told fears

ktled UR, "These hands have side.

an- many

no There .1 guerillus, The struggle crystalised on the

mercy in this struggle." of the Jewish National: issue

The mines had been, cunningly Home. For the Jews until quite

laid, hidden in pot-holes full of recently--it was to all Palestine

water so that the mine detectors a right. Immigration they had

would hot pick them up. Krew- was only subject, from Europe

Ing this trick, the soldiers have they said, to how fast they could

to walk with iron rods in their absorb newcomers.

and hands, probing every pol-hole. the Arabs, every The first lines of the Palestine

to Filteen miles took us two hours tragedy went down on a sheet of Foreign “Office**** potajriper on fears of becoming Moslem-munal farming and citrus-grow-

While the mines were being re- in a world legend. In the in- a Jewish European Ing Lord minority in

later sent them into the Greek 2, 1917, when November

Aviv, | ME dustrial belt around Tel

moved Com-

our forty-man escort had mountains

Aghting the (then Mr. A. 3.) Balfour, Foreign State. Minister in

zamil Lloyd George's There was no common ground the only all-Jewish city in the mou

We were a heights: warfare of all. Condition, wrote to Lord Roths of language or culture. No shar-world, built in our time and now munist guerillas in the bitterest dispersed along the surrounding the gorge, ideal for ambush, where child, then the most juduentialed schools or-social-life-Con-housing 100,000 people producis War Minister asked

men if they had any complaints big rocks could hideguerillas figure in world Zionism:

stant Arab-Jewish friction, with worth £40,000,000 are turned out

he must as they had hidden the others. serious Arab

On a five days' tour uprisings, (wo

The

has Palestine Jow

have heard over 150 petitions.

Wild Setting clogged our administrative

standard, of living highest

As we approached Fillates, the chinery.

antl Twice

in 14 years our attempts the Middle East.

country became more wild will tell you The Jew

more beautiful. Lilac-coloured to form a Legislative Assembly

Judina-trees, yellow gorge bushes. of elected representatives of both Jewish brains, drive and money.

Thick forests, grey rocks and t peoples failed. Arabs and Jews are alone responsible.

right, but at least we both said "No" In turn. Only in be

the create the necessary political and

background of snowy mountain the citrus industry late in

for this life-and-death struggle. war years did Arabs and Jews economic conditions in which he

peaks made an incredible setting come together to work for the flourished. It may be his monu-

It is over this broken country ment to his own people, but the

with the

Greek Army, that common good,

foundation is British.

He has served for sixteen E

pensant help, has had to build u We could have done a better months with the division, and in new 12-mile long road to carry time has seen his family the British-made 25-pounder for four days. Corporal Demetrics

Krasaus

try's foreign policy must ue stable and caloulable; it

"His Majesty's Government should not be exposed to

view with favour the estab sudden changes of front and

lishment in Palestine of a 10 irresponsible statements

national home for the Jewish made chiefly with an eye ta people and will use their best

effect their

endeavours to facilitate the pressure It is be- achiers ment of this object, i groups at home.

being cirarty understood cause of these defects in U.S.

nothing shall be done which diplomacy that foreign ob-

may prejudice the civil und religious rights of existing sometimes in- servers are

non-Jewish communities in clined to doubt whether

Pafcatine or the rights and American

will statesmen

enjoyed by political status of

Jews in any other country. pursue, a steady course

This was the Balfour Declara- action, while the division of

much

has powers between the Govern- tion about which

been heard through the years, ment and Congress is a dis-

but about which so little gen- tinct source of uncertainty crally is known. It was the be

it is difficult to ginning of -our-30 turbulent, ir- At times know what American policy ritating, frustrating vicious yours 1s, whether a Cabinet Minis-in the Holy Land, ter is speaking for himself

or

Arabs Refused

in

The Jews assumed to sec It is for his country. alleged, for instance that Mr.the Declaration a pledge by Bri

tain to make a Jewish National Truman's policy on Palestine Home out of Palestine. They used

English."

down on

ma-

And our policy of attempting to keep the balance between the two communities, brought us the bitterness of both sides. Nothing we could possibly satisfy both.

White Paper

did

the

From this policy sprang White Paper of 1939, which res- and tricted Jewish Immigration land-buying operations at a time

that

He may

1

Trogedies

Pic.

Costus

A typient one, did Marines, from Kavalla, asked to

be transferred nearer his family He har three children and a wife with TB. His two brothers und two cousins have been murdered by the guerillas.

guns up to the support of the Aghting

troops.

Job in Palestine if the Araba | this and Jews had let us. We could have done much more for them both. But, ovan so, I think we

forty-eight hours leave only Only has the Greek Army to carn did enough

• verdict when his wife was killed by the received some of the essentials from history

which will run guerillas. He wants to so

and It needs for this kind of warfare something like this: "They had

theneeds, and asked vainly for a hell of a job from the ab. see his two-bables, left in

core of his father-in-law.. The since a year and half ago. ginning, but they didn't do too Minister's A.D.C. noted sil badly all the same."

ECA ACTIVITIES EUROPE AID

IN

Washington, June 4.

the

| requests; they will all be consit-row at last, from

the

Am-

ered and answered personally by fain pack-artillery, heavy ma-

the

At

it is getting the moun-

'chine guns, and heavy

mortars

love next day, we required to deal with a heavily

-

formation guard-armed, mobile enemy, living off

Days Numbered

מס

ing the rich plain. A few days the land with Yozupply-and-

them were feeding problem and baked ago, thirty-five of

and trapped on a height

sur- unassailable bases over the Greek rounded by 450 guerillas, The

frontier. spot was rocky, slippery for the horses. From dawn Un dusk they held off their attackers, Food, fuel and clothing have been the Economic Co- Then in the night they mounted their horses and golloped to operation Administration's major concerns in safety through the lines of the training and a valuable organisa- tion, with basle equipment to a the first poriod of European recovery opera-surprised guerillas,

The Greek army hai a complex Greek Army formed from scratch .tions.

task. It has to fight and an-after the liberation from Axis

A

The British ~gave-a

I!

superb

and

Is not that of Mr. Marshall, the phrase "Palestine is to be- is and it may be that vacilla-conic as Jewish as England tions shown by the U.S. de

Arabs refused to re- legates at Lake Success were due to differences within the cognise the Declaration. They saw in Itand stili do-threats of Government. There is lack Jewish political and economic of maturity also in U.S. con- domination and the submergence duct of foreign affairs, which of their traditional way of life.

From the very first, as we saw is probably explained by the

task under our

the mandate limited experience of some (which embodied the Balfour of those in high places. Mr. Declaration), It was to establish be of regime which would it has been com- ja Truman,

recapitulation of ECA |$40,725,000 worth of coal, and in tillate the guerlilas; it has to occupained for the Americans bench to both peoples: equal

backbone of to specialise the equipment arms, which are: the plained, has regarded the and at the same time assist the activities for the first eight fourth place was $28,745,320 in protect the peasants and their

the weeks of its existence revealed commitments for animal and the national economy; and it Palestine issue from the creation of n Jewish National

Into.

enemy the

task facing the Greek point of view of a local poli- Home by developing the existing that it has made total commit-vegetable fibres, including cotton,o muke contant raids have actual80 an to deal with and the annihilations of the Com- tician; his anxiety to retain Jewish community in Palestine by ments so far of $200,095,508. wool, apaca, rachair and so forth. fmitory, rescuing women

children-from-the-hands of the munist guerilla army on Greek Other commitments were: meats

Medi- the Jewish vote may be good!mmigration and with the assis including ocean freight charge.

threat to Greece and the tance of Jews all over the world.

The biggest item for helping $12,250,000, other foods $4,123,014,gulas before they can be de soil, and the elimination of the tactics in an election year, We hoped also to bring the Jows16 Western European nations, the inedible. fats and oils $21940.000. poried over the frontiera. "

Many times the guerillas use ferranean from Russia's Commu- and Arabs together inside the

and fertizers $1,230,000.. gif cake and and prepare both bizonal area of Germany

Greece Government

Disrupting communications, hini for

foundation has been cereais.

dyes and

chemicals $842,000, to dering the army's attacks over and America have been provid failed to satisfy either side.

bacco $110,000, seeds $408,000, the incredibly broken country..ing the means and the money. Even so, with any two other The ECA Administrator, Payl petroleum products $173,707. are thousands of mines BOwn Now the days of Markas Com→ peoples in the world they might G. Hoffman, announced that $13-

by munist guerilla army are num- with cunning and efficiency have worked. But with the

China has been authorized to the guerillas. 621,215 worth of wheat and $22,- ̈Araba-and-Jews we didn't 032,177 worth of wheat flour have buy $4,132,020 worth of rice and have a chance. Our two main difficulties were: heen authorized so far. In second $1.100,960 worth of wheat four-· | (1) Within a single regime we place of needed.commodities was United Press. had to provide simultaneous but widely different types of adminis trations-for the Arabs, im-

but such calculations show a disturbing failure to under- stand the complicated inter- national situation. The ac- tion of Congress in whittling at Marshall aid can have similarly harmful effects.

Curiosity

One of the most interest- ing and amusing weekly of the American news-magazine "Time" gives

(FARE) features

independence. These plans China to get back on an economic meal" $1,007,909, wetóls $380.15the hostages as a human screen.ittools.rovides the men: we

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But with the signing freakish believe-it-or-not in- of the Franco-Peron.protocol, cidents occurring throughout which revises the Spanish- the United States. A some Argentine commercial agree- what similar feature, in its

an American Power. ment, aim, if not in style of pre-has for the first time been sentation, is to be found in given extraterritorial rights "The New Statesman and on European soil. At Cadiz, Nation of London, under a free port is to be set up the head "This England." and silos and cold-storage 240.- We doubt however whether plant are to be built for Ar- 320.-

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greater new policy comes as an as- dignity by the adoptions of tounding right-about-turn other methods. But it cer- for a nation traditionally tainly seems that a policy jealous of its independence, of "When in Rome do as it is the measure of the Florie dods can produce bankruptcy of Franco é some very curious situations. economic policy that three-

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