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THE CHINA MAIL, THURSDAY, JUNE 3, 1948,

PALESTINE

The First Jewish State For Nearly 1900 Years

As the Union Jack on the roof

our Government House. Jerusalem was lowered by - baltern of the Highland Light In- fantry, as the pipers played a la- ment, as bayonets below in the courtyard stiffened in a General Salute and Britain's 30 years' region in Palestine ended, so the Best Jewish State in 1,879 years was born.

All those years passed since the Spring of 70 A.D., when the Roman general Titus concentrated bis legionniren for the siege of Jerusalem, capital of Juden.

The Siege lasted 11 months.

By A Special Correspondent

In The Holy Land

J.L. HAYS

How are

the Jews

AND HERE IS A PEN PICTURE OF ITS FIRST PREMIER

Mr. David Ben-Gurion, who, at British officials did not bellevo 61, is the first Premier of the new then, and neither do they belleva Jewish State of Erotz Jarael, has now, that it was anything of the often been described as the "Lloyd | sort. George of Palestine Jewry."

Every policeman in Palestino was always certain the Agency Certainly Mr. Ben-Gurion's could have boaten down both come tax authority is busy col-halo of untidy, white hair, his trgun Zval Leumi and the Stern lecting money still owed to the short build, and startingly Gang any time they wished. former Palestine Government. eyes under shaggy brows give him.

a reasonable physical resemblance

New wireless and car licences are

Palestine Jews like to describe

being issued. Revenue stamps to Britain's first World War lend him as temperamental, and dy- overprintd with "National Exche-er, but it is more In personal namic. They tell stories of how mannerisms and personality that hard he works, how relentlessly quer" are in post offices.

they are, alike. Postal services which broke down as Erial offeials thinned out. are

∙ngain functioning Jewish areas.

in

he, drives his axalstants of the As was Lloyd George, Mr. Ben-sensitiveness to eriticism and con- Gurion is an orator. His Hebrew tradiction; of his noisy rages. is lyrical and loudly passionate in But for many Jews his oratory going to

dabale, but when using his ma is the

the subject of suspicion; and make out?

In Tel Aviv the Import-exportchanically perfect English hr so is his political judgment. Certainly they themselves show office has issued licences covering sounds hard and bluntly uncom-leader of the Coalition Govern little anxiety about their ability imports from 32 countries, worth promising. to follow up the country-wide 5.8,000,000.

Palestine partitioned

which has "un-

The

of Department

ment he will be closely watched. Like most Falestine Jews who An example—his Interpretation] have known both Turkish and Eleven hundred thousand Jews itary action

[officially"

Justice,of the Jewish State which he is British rule his political carter perished in famine and fighting.according to the United Nations headed by former top Berlin law-now to rule: "We mean simply has had its ups and downs. Then the Romans stormed the plan of last November, with the yer. Dr. Felix Rosenblueth, will Jewish independence. And when After working as A Inbourer walls and destroyed the Jews' rapid installation of their own 800 set up courts all over the we any Jewish independence we and mounted watchman In the At this time of crisis in temple by Bre-for which even administrative machinery.

Jewish State: but the British code mean Jewish soil, labour, agricul- settlements, he went in 1913-10 today the Jews still mourn at the

of justice will be maintained for ture, and industry. We mean the Constantinople to study w affairs, the

Wall, part of the original

Under British rule Jewish the time being and then gradually wish language, schools, and pro-Allied, and after World War

culture.

He was then pro-British and off $70,000

stitutions

enjoyed autonomy in amended to it all Jewish needs, We mean Jewish safety survivors into captivity.

such fields ns health, education | "Ant

"Anti-profiteering and traffic recurlly-complete independence 1, began he wasn't ofrold to say Today in the sunlit streets of

and social services. They have courts are already operating.

other free people. We so. as for anish State in order to the same Jerusalem, with blue and always universities and school, ved with the British Administra- į;nake a Jewish national home." Turks, who stamped his passport

in Pristine run their own Something like 9,000 Jews ser-need a

He was soon expelled by the white striped Zionist flags wave

down through clerks and tele- Arabs will fare inside the Jewish ting." than from department executives And not a word about how the "Not permitted to re-enter Pales-

So he went to America and or phone operators to engine drivers, frontiers.

colonization policemen and postmen. They are

Zionist

newple and carried

China's Cabinet appointed to serve under Wong Wen-hao, sound

arouse

WE-

ing over the shiny-new shopping certainly the finest in the Middle centres, glittering with chromium | Enat. and coloured glass, Jewish typists

venir first postage stamps of the second Jewish State-the Repub- lie of Eretz Israel.

But 1,878 years is a long time to have gone without an Indepen- dent Government at your own.

Perhaps of all the Jewish fea-kanised

Not for nothing was the Jewish with upswept hair-do's, guy in Agenes, with an expenditure in crisp new length summer frocks, taling £30,000,000 in five years, all being absorbed into the Jewish ders he was the most bitter op-movement and an American Jew- their high heels tanning, are tak- known as a "Government within Government servloe. Many of ponent of the British White Paper ish Legion. ing a half hour off to buy sou-a Government." Now it is ex-them will get rapid promotion. of 1939 which restricted

Jewish pending its activities to include Haganah becomes the constitut-imm

immigration and agricultural After General Allenby liberated postal services, law courts, an Imed army of Eretz Israel.

For 60 colonisation nt. a time when Jerusalem from the Turks. Mr. port-export licensing system and years the defence force of Jewish Europe's Jews were fleeing before Ben-Gurion returned and joined taxation.

Institutions, and controlled, re- the Nazis. When World War II, up as a private in the Fortieth With £5,000,000 internal war cruited and anonced by

them,

|came he suld: "We shall fight the Royal Fusiliers, a battalion of Bri- loan already floated, the new in-Haganah was

officially

"handed war as if there were no White tish, American and European Jew- over" to its commanders a few Paper and we shall night the ish volunteers. days ago by Mr. David Ben-Wille Paper as I there were no: After the war ended he rose Gurion, Prime Minister.

rapidly to prominence in the So- This somewhat ambiguous state- culist movement. He helped to The Jews now expect planea, ment Is often quoted by his organist the all-powerful Hista- already secretly purchased all friends to block suggestions that druth trade Union organisation, over the world as the nucleus of he is anti-British. In fact he did and was secretary of the Palestine their Jewish Air Force, to be much to encourage enlistment by Labour Party, Mapai, from 1921 flown in by all-Jewish crews-volunteers into the British forces. to 1933, when he moved, up many former R.A.F. and Ameri-, But, pro-British as he might to the Jewish Agency Executive.

LOOKING FOR A LOST CITY

By EDWARD HOWZ

ed

ed

mmandos.

war.

can Air Force men-to abandon-have been until the rise of Hitler, It was not until 1945 that he controlled by Haganah any affection he held for this was elected Chairman of tho rountry has steadily cooled since. Executive, displacing Palestine This is best illustrated by his Jewry's "elder statesman," Dr. attitude towards terrorism, Con-Chaim Weizman. sistently he has declared himself

His only relaxation is the study

as it is in many respects, will few enthusiasms. The introduction of the much-needed new blood, 10 provide both the talent and the strong personalities able to carry through the extreme measures required in the present emergency, is con spicuously lacking, though there may be something in the rather fatalistic submis- sion that when the fortunes of the country have sunk so Sow. the next turn of the cycle must inevitably be up. ward. What encouragement is to be derived from this | sort of soothing syrup does little to diminish the dis. appointment of China's well- wishers that the inaugura- tion of democratic govern- ment leaves so little

with changed and for all practical

Ships loaded

military. stores, including guns and armour purposes finds the adminis-

Many Turks are going to take mountain track is necessary. Ceroli, petrol and food, are said to iration entrusted to the same time off from thinking of future tain that he was on something be already on the bigh seas, their an opponent of violence, but be of classical Greek, and he has a hands. Nor do the several wars this summer and turn to big, Ekrem Kusha at last told un voyages limed to enable them to fore the

from drop

Anglo-American Com-library of hundreds of rare Greek refusals of prominent lead-ward archaeological studies of archaeological expendition

anchor of Tel Aviv and mittee on Palestine he said colla- texts. ers to accept the responues B.C. Leading them will be rated as uickly as posle 10 date ended.

ancient wars fought thirteen cen-Istanbul of his discoveries. They Halfa as soon as the British man- boration by the Jewish Agency He married while in America

with the British in sibilities of office make the a British professor, a former stud-the t to confi

suppressing and has three children. A son and found Not many Jews think it is all lerrorism had to be given up be has been a liaison ofeer between situation, any better, Even ent of Blackburn Grammar School ruch 10 reward them.

over har Over shouting in Palestine, cause it was "futile."

the Jewish police and the British. Wong Wen-hao, who assumes and now it resident of Liverpool, Inscriptions on stone and reliefs The

The danger of invasion of Ha- the heaviest burden,

Professor John Garstang.

have now been deciphered to show ganah-"partitioned" territory by Professor Garstang has

the sun the regular armies of neighbour- not, the first choice for the

his second home, and has mer resort for premiership, though he is

Ը

B leading figure in the Danuna, relieved to have lived on Arab States is still real enough or top priority to-be given to sufficiently well-known and archaeological circles here. In in the period around 1370 BC. general mobilisation, respected to permit the feel- January this year he was made Professor Garstang is lending a If the Jews have to calablish ing that he may yet prove

Director of the British Institute full-scale expendition to Karatepe their himself to be the best choice. of Archaeology in Turkey. Over this summer, and he entertains scratch and at the same time fight

seventy himself,

Professor Gar- great hopes of uncarthing invalu- a war, it is likely to have birth It is perfectly true, also, that stand no doubt wishes to chal-able data on the Hittite period. pains. the team with which he has lenge the old age record which surrounded himself would,Anatolia surely holds. There have in other circumstances, prob-been many cases recently of cen- ably make a thoroughly good lenarians in this inaccessible part

of the world. team; for it is composed The first major task of the Brl- largely of experts who are Ush ̄ ̄Institute ̄in-Turkey is being admittedly able men at their

undertaken this summer, and A job. Unfortunately, few of them possess political influ- of any consequence, The set-up is

which could have distinct advan-

ence

une

was

tages in a well-organised state, but in China to-day it

|

made that this was wadi, King

great number of Turks, professors and students alike, will be taking part. It is to seek for a lost Hittite city flourishing long before Ale- xander the Great passed that way In the foothills of the

n

Taurus mountains.

Behind 1 recent discovery in this region of S.E. Turkey is an interesting story.

of

'new' State almost from

Wishful Thinking

In Moscow

London, Juno I.

Moscow Radio commentator A. Ganshin said today that the Anglo-American differences over Palestine "are only on expression of a much dooper contradiction between Britain and the U.S.A."

WESTERN GERMANY TO HAVE PARLIAMENT

London, June 1.

The main achievements of the six-power talks in London on Germany, which ended tonight, are authoritatively stated to include:"

or about Sept. 1, 1948;

2The creation of an Interna— tional control organisation

in

1-Agreement to set up a Zones of Germany-probably German constituent Assembly early in July-but not, it

in for the three Western Zones on anticipated,

the Western Sectors of Berlin.

At today's final session, attend- fored by the heads of the delega the fuhr industries composed of tions and presided over by Bri- the six powers-Britain, France, tain's Sir William Strang, the United States, Belgium, tha Conference's report;===för--sub- Netherlands and Luxembout the participating powers.

mission to the Governments of

the

powers over

is to be feared that the pro-

In a near-by "The strengthening of Bri-, our Party would in the end try and representatives of

wus duct is much more likely to village to the proposed dig the tain's former overseas "colonies to make the United Europe ther Germany,

with

the signed... be responsibility without schoolmaster, Ekrem Kusha, was has led to a wrecking of the hope for "not only anti-Soviet but distribution of key Ruhr-pro- It is expected that a formal power. After the fallure of

keen amateur achaeologist. For British position and their slow also anti-American," and added: duels, In particular coal, coke communique according the con- Ho Ying-chin and Chang his summer holidays in exploring hands", he said.

the past 20 years he has spent but sure transfer to American "Under present conditions the and steel, and;

clusion of the Conference in British monopolies rely on thei Chun to form administra this region which is rich in his

3-Agreement to Introduce agreement on all points will bo

This tions, Wong Wen-hao's gov-torical remains,

The result of obscagion

this, Ganshin experience of many centuries incurrency reform in the Western published tomorrow-Beuter. 45 when said, was that "not only Britain's playing a cunning and subile ernment gives the impres-

bore fruit of his

1945, when he discovered

former spheres of undivided in-game to offset 'American policy. lion monument. sion that it represents the

fluence but even Britain herself and a great monolithic statua. At

But the game is irritating last chance, with the very frst he kept these discoveries to has become a primary object of America and the Palestine events grave danger that should he himself, relishing the thought that

American expansion." fail to satisfy the need; a

at last he had discovered some- thing important. Also he wanted willing successor would be

to make sure; ........ extremely difficult to find, even leading to a break-up made his find, which translated of the. Kuomintang and from Turkish means, Black Sum- chaos,

mit-a-treic-on-horzebacze-by-g

arc

To get to Karatepe where he

BRITISH SALES

OF ARMS

35

Included in the twenty 300.-

Ministries announced only five new men, and only 250.-two of these are important -General Ho Ying-chin who has taken over the Ministry

London, June 1. John Freeman, Parliamentary, of National Defence from Secretary to the Ministry of Pai Chung-hsl, and Wang Supply, told the House of Com

mons that a wide range of non- military stores and surplus equip

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240,-Yun-wu, formerly President of the Executive Yuan, who becomes Minister of Finance Transjordan Immediately before ment' were sold in Palestino and in the place of Mr. O. K..the British mandate ended. Yui. Next to the Premier, He said that he could give no Mr. Wang Yun-wu has taken but by March 31, £2,700,000 had accurate estimate of their value 120 on the weightlest task, and been received from the sales in

he will have started well if these two areas. 250.-there is any truth in the per-Hamentary question submitted by Freeman was answering a Par sistent reports that currency Communist Phil Piratin-Asso reform will engage his first clated Press.

No

NEW AUSTRALIAN

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and urgent attention. estimate can be formed “of the merits of the plan pre dicted without, formal un- nouncement and further de- tails, but of the necessity for

·Canberra, Juna 1.- The Australian Government has some such effort to place decided to appoint Altred Stirling, China's currency on a stable former Minister to Washington, as basts there can be no doubt.gh Commissioner · for › South It is, in fact, the first, need. told The Associated Press after's Africa, high Ministerial sources and it is by the results it Cabinet meeting last night. achieves in this special mis- Keith Officer, Minister to The sion that the Wong Wen-hao Horue Isuppofited. 'Australian Government is likely to be Professor Douglas Coplando

Aifbassador to Chipa, succeeding judged.

clated Press, 290,

have made this irritation very

He claimed that Britain's Lab-apparent."-Associated Press.

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