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THE CHINA MAIL, TUES DAY, JUNE 1, 1948.

The Fortieth Instalment

Churchill's Memoirs

WAR COUNCIL IN

Minister I could nominally in- Auence with authority their deci sions and polities. On the other hand, it was only natural that their primary loyalties should be to their own Service Ministers, whe would have been less than hu- man If they had not felt some resentment at the delegation of a part of their authority to one of their colleagues.

The sedate, sincere but routine Moreover, it was expressly laid character of the Administration down in

Memorandum that did not evoke that intense effort. in the The Supreme War Council my responsibilities were to be eliher in the governing circles or agreed thut

Immediate discharged on behalf of the Mill-In the munition factories, which military objectives should be:tary Co-ordination Committee. I was H.K.$72.00

vital. The The Supreme War Council was thus to have immense res-catastrophe and the spur of peril agreed that the immediate mili-ponsibilities, without effective were needed to call forth the power in my own hands to dis- dormant might of the British

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DEBTOR-CREDITOR®

PROBLEMS

11

the

tary objectives should be:

(a) The capture of Trondheim,

and

(b) The capture of Narvik and the concentration of an force on adequate Allied

the dangers 10 the Dutch and

any

Government,

also

When we got

Was

back

Conference I was so much con- from the cerned at the

complete failure,

the Prime Minister: Being anxious to sustain you to the best of my ability, must warn you that you are approaching a head-on smash in Norway.

I

over the

at

PARIS

the

Nothing like this happened in 8th, ho caught a tanker with a the Royal Air Force. Britain, where

Despite Communism, though busy, was ship Urama,

Soviet-directed trawler escort, an empty troop-prolonged search, only 39 were

and the weak.

hospital rescued and brought in later by a- Nevertheless wa still a party Government, under a immunity of the Atlantis.

wore ship Atlantis. Ile respected the Norwegian ship. In addition, six Prime Minister from whom the the rest were sunk

All men

were picked up by Opposition was bitterly estrang-

enemy and That afternoon the Hipper and The Scharnhorst, heavily dam- taken to Germany. ed, and without the ardent and the positive help of the trade union Trondheim,

destroyers returned to aged by the Acasta's torpedo, movement.

but the

battle-made her way to Trondheim. for prey. cruisers, continuing their search at 4 pm, they sighted the smoke confusion

were rewarded when From ail this

wreckage and there emerged one of the aircraft-carrier Glorious fact of major importance patan- ers, the Acasta and Ardent. with her two escorting destroy- tially affecting the whole future of the war. In their desperate The

action began about 4.30 grapple with the British Navy this range the Glorious with her such as it was, for the impending p.m. at over 27.000 yards. At the Germans ruined their own, 4-inch guns was helpless. Ef-climax. forts were made to got her tor- The Allied losses in all this pedo-bombers into the air, but sea-fighting off Norway amount- before this could be done she ed to one aircraft-carrier, two was hit in the forward hangar, cruisers, one sloop and nine des. and a fire began which destroyed troyers. Six cruisers, two sloopa the Hurricanes and prevented and eight destroyers torpedoes being got up from be-abled, but could be repaired low for the bombers.

within our margin of senpower,

stroke

The eighth meeting of the Supreme War Council in Paris opened on April 22, 1940, with a sombre statement by M. Paul Reynaud, the French Premier, on the increasing German numerical superiority in the West. Mr. Cham- berlain and Mr. Churchill reviewed the situa- tion in Norway.

Was

tirely successful.

Of

The Government's decision

the Swedish frontier. to proceed with the Debtor-

The next day we talked about Creditor Bill-it is to be

Belgians and their refusal to take given a first reading in

with us. measures common Legislative Council on Wed- We were very conscious that Italy nesday--by bringing the con- might declare war upon us at any troversy out into the open were to be concerted in the Me- time, and various naval measures will, at least, enable a clearer altern

diterranean between

Adml.

charge them. Nevertheless I had nation. The toerin was about to picture to be obtained of the Pound and Admi. Darlan.

To this meeting Gen. Sikorski, a feeling that I might be able to sound. nature of the conflict be tween the various interests the head of the Provisional Polish make the new organisation work. It was destined to last a week, invited.

In defiance of chronology, it is involved, and permit a safer He declared his ability to con

But my personal and official con-well to set forth here the end of assessment of whether it stitute force of 100,000 men nection with Gen. Ismoy and his the Norwegian epizode. On May

relation to the Chiefs genuinely provides a reason-within a few months. Active steps Committeo

of Steff 24, in the crisis of shattering de-. preserved un- feat. it was decided, with almost able solution. Between the were also being taken to recruit

broken and unweakened United a Polish division in the

from universal agreement, that we arguments, for and against, States.

May 1,

1040, to July 27 1945, must concentrate all we had in which have been volumin-

France and at home. The cap- At this meeting it was agreed when I lald, down my charge. ously expounded publicly also that if Germany invaded

ture of Narvik hud, however, to [By May 8, 1940, Namo be achieved both to ensure the and privately since the Bill Holland the Allied armies should

and

Andalanos, the British destruction of the port and to advance was first produced in draft at once

into. Belgium

base in Norway for the cover our withdrawal. form, but

one thing has without further approaches to the

"pincer movement" on Trend- The main attack on Narvik Belgian Government; and that the. emerged, beyond cavil. The RAF could bomb the German

heim, had been evacuated.] across Rombaks fierd was begun We who had the command of on May 27 dispute is sharp, as must be marshalling-yards and the oil re-

by tree battalions the sea and could pounce any (two battalions of the Foreign when large considerations fineries in the Ruhr.

where on an undefended coast, Legion and one Norwegian) un- are at stake, and Govern-

were out-paced by the enery

der the able leadership of Gen. ment's only role is that of

distances in the face of every ob- French contingent. It was en- moving by land across very large Bethouart, the commander of the self-elected arbitrator, satis fied that a compromise ar- not only of our efforts against the rangement would be in the enemy, but of our method of con- best interests of the Colony.ducting the war, that I wrote as In this respect, the banks, who are chiefly concerned on the one side of the settle- ment which is sought, have placed themselves in powerful position from the viewpoint of public con: fidence, for it is evident that in accepting the form in which the proposed legisla- tion is framed they have already conceded a substan. tial amount of ground. They have accepted the position, for instance, that the liquida- tion of Hong Kong dollar debts carried out in Hong Kong dollars during the early days of the Japanese occupa- tion shall be validated, . al- though they have obtained no part of the payments, Further, claims for interest have been modified to an extent which also represents an important concession. Whether this has gone far as it might logically have done is, perhaps, another matter. There does appear. to be something anomalous in a bank's claim for inter- est covering a period during which the bank was unable to function, and during which the debtor was unable to the then benefit of the bank-to save himself the accumulation of interest by redeeming the original debt. The point is clearly made in a further Ordinance pub- lished last week which lays it down that for the purpose of asserting a right-the col- lection of a dept incurred prewar for instance- the

as

At present no one bas the power. There are six Chiefs (and Deputy Chiefs), of the three Ministers and Gen. Ismay, who all have volee in

one is

Norwegian operations (apart from Narvik). But no

responsible for the creation and predicted with truth the course

for six or seven years I had memy.

•

dis-

were 'di

In the next half-hour ahe re- On the other hand, at the end ceived staggering blows which of June, 1940, a momentous date, deprived her of all chance of es- the effective German Flest con... cape. By 5.20 she was listing slated of no more than one Bla heavily, and the order was given cruiser, two light cruisers and 14 +bandon ship. She aank four destroyers. Although many about 20 minutes later.

of their damaged ships, Ike ours, Meanwhile her two destroyers could be repaired, the Comman behaved nobly. Both made Navy was no factor in the smoke in an endeavour to screen supreme issue of the Invasion of the Glorious, and both fired their Britain. torpedoes at the enemy before

(To Be Continued) being overwhelmed.

World Copyright reserved. Re production, even partially, 'In any language, strictly prohibited.

Thus perished 1,474 officers and men of the Royal Navy and 41 of

I

Poets Force Wavell Into Retreat

London, May 30. Field Marshal Lord' Wavell, 'VC-Britain's great soldier and former Viceroy of India—is today. a casualty in a new war--about poetry. Faced with a civil war between "modern" and "die- hards" among the 3,000 members of the Poetry Society, Earl Wavell underestimated the enemy-and resigned his position as Pre- sident.

The

a

Battle was joined batween the "moderna" and the "diehards."

stacle. In this Norwegian eu- cou counter our finest troops, the We now had to relinquish all Scots and Irish Guards, were that we had won after such baffled by the vigour, enterprise painful

exertions. The with- and training of Hitler's young drawal was in itself a consider- men

able operation, imposing a heavy We had to comfort ourselves as burden on the Fleet, already fully best we might by a series of extended by the fighting both successful evacuations. Fallure in Norway and in the Narrow

-Trondheim! stalemate

at Sens. am very grateful to you for Narvik! Such in the first week Dunkirk was upon us, and all having, at my request, taken of May were the only results we available light forces were drawn

day-to-day manage could show to the British nation, to the south. The battle-feet harsh, unpoetic words, stubborn

battle, fought with f ment of the Military Co-ordin- to our Allies, and to the neutral must itself be held in readiness silences and resignations, will The mere orthodox poets felt ation (Committee), etc. I think world, friendly or hostile.

to resist invasion. Many of the ought, however, to let you

Considering the pron

prominent part cruisers and destroyers had al-

now be decided with paper. they were being-cold shoulder.

Ballot forms have gone out to nil know that I shall not be will played in these events and the ready been sent south for anti-

#d. The Bobiety's Chairman, ing to receive that task back impossibility of explaining the invasion duties.

members to get their voles on

Mr. H. W. Harding, took up. from you without the necessary difficulties by which we had been

whether or not an enquiry should

their case and called for the powers,

overcome. or the defects of our

Good

progress in evacuation be held into the quarrel. Tho

reulgnation of the Becretary, start and Governmental organ- was made at Narvik, and by June central figure in the storm

Mrs. Spark countered by sug- isation and our methods of con-8 all the troops, French and Bri- blonde, petite, 30 year old Mrs. Eesting the Chairman should quit. ducting war, it was a marvel that fish, amounting 1b: 24,000 men. Muriel Spark, mother of a 10% The Council of the Society. re-

survived and maintained my together with large quantities of year-old boy,

fused to sacks the Secretary and position in public esteem and stores and equipment, were em-

The doughtiest supporter for

fer Mr. Harding went." Parliamentary confidence.

barked and sailed in four con-

the moderns is the Soolaty's Earl Wavell, a poetry lover and This was due to the fact that voys without hindrance from the veteran 80-year-old. Brigadier A complier, of on outhology call

Sir George Cockerill. He writes ed "Other

Men's Flowers", Inter- direction of military policy ex- of events, and had given censed against the Germen Air Force, Valuable protection was afford-

sonnete in the "old fashioned vened with the suggestion that, way."

to keep the peace, both. Mrs. yourself.

lesg you feel able to bear this warnings, then unheeded but not only by naval aircraft, but by burden, you may count

thore-based squadron off by erself a poeters, Mrs. Spark Spark and Mr. Harding should upon nowered."

Secretary of

resign my unswerving loyalty as Firstwlight War ended with Hit-canca. By their skill and dara year ago and editress of its

His advice was not accepted- ler's assault on Norway. Lord of the Admiralty.

Its these pilots performed the Journal, the "Poetry Review," In so he, too, resigned. do not feel you can hear it with broke into the glare of the most unprecedented feat-their last her very first editorial she oflend- all your other duties, you will known to man. 1 have describ- board the carrier Glorious, which spirited defence of the modern

will fearful

military explosion so far of dying their Hurricanes on ed Britain's orthodox poets by a Stormy Mooting have to delegate your powers ed the trance in which for eight safled with the Ark Royal and poetry which conservative-minded was the stormiest in the Society's to a Deputy who can concert months France and Britain had the main body.

The annual meeting recently and direct the general move-

critics declare is unreadable, arti- been held while all the world ment of our war action, and wondered..

The battle-cruisers Scharnhorst ficial, and almost impossible to history, and the language was who will enjoy your

and Gneisenau with the crufaer understand. support This

anything but poetical. ⠀⠀ Mr. and that, of the War Cabinet zul y Plase proved most harm- Hipper and four destroyers left · Ventured To Pay

Harding's supporters called for a Alles. From the mo-Klel on June 4, with the object unless very

referéndum into the whole affair. good reason is

when Stalin ande ment shown to the contrary.

She follows that up by en.. terms of attacking shipping and bases

Now

the verdict of the ballot with Hitler, the Communists in in the Narvik aren and thus pro-couraging young unknown poots box is awaited. colved the following message from cow and denounced the war as their landed forces. No hint of also took the unprecedented step won't be an enquiry: "shall Just Before I could send it off I re- France took their cue from Mos-viding relief for what was left of to contribute to the magazine and Mrs. Spark is confident there the Prime Minister:

"an imperialist and capitalist our intended withdrawal reached of paying them for their contribu- go ahead the way I'm doing."", the April 24, 1940. I have been thinking over the did what they could to under-

crime against democracy:" "They them till June 7,

On the news that British con- Scandinavian situation and the mine morate in the Army and voys were at sea, the rather unsatisfactory position in impede production in the work- Admiral decided to attack them. German which it stands, I don't feel shops.

Early the following morning, the that I got your whole mind-in Committee, and should very much like to discuss it all with

private. you in

can't manage it before 7 as I have

to see the King. Could you spare the time to come

cept

K

across to Downing-street after dinner, say at 9.301

I have no record of what passed

period between December 7 at our conversation, which was of 250-1941, and the commencement most friendly character.

of the Ordinance shall be re-sure I put

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24

Ishall, Houko

KOWLOON Penfurala Hotel

JA

points in my un-

400garded as having had no sent leitor, and that the Prime legal existence. The Statute Minster agreed with their forut of Limitations, it says in and justice. He had every effect, shall apply as though to give me the powers of direc

tion. for

for which I asked, and there the six intervening years was no kind of personal difficulty were counted is one day, between us. He had, however, to consult and parmiado a number of

To the layman 1 important pay p pear, that, on this point, the two ordinances are at vari ance. Assuming bank

May 1, Mr. Chamberlain' circulated to the Cabinet lengthy memorandum,gl

giving Mr. Churchill (an deputy-chair- man, of the Military Co-ordina® tion Committee) closer relation -ahip with the Chiefs of Staff Committee and creating a new Central Staff under Gen. leniny to salst him),

* responsible formally

were compelled to resort to the Courts to collect a pre- war debt within (according to them) the terms of the Debtor Creditor Ordinance it still might be contended |with some" force that the

I could not convene and preside Extension of Time Ordin- of Staff Committee, without whom over the meetings of the Chiefs ance destroyed the legitimacy nothing could be done, and, I was of a claim, for interest. The made

#for specific provimons of the origiving guidance and directions to ginal. Ordinance would not them. Gen. Lamay, the Benior

charge of the Cen necessarily rule out the issue at Omeer fo as a legal debating point posal as my Blair Omber and ra trat Staff, was placed at, my flas But this: is digression. The presentativo and in the

capacity matter can be dealt with was made a full-member of the directly on its merits and Chiefs of Stal Committed t the claim to interest, X-large extent-mado-responsible to

Chlada, of: Shitz, ・ amined in all its aspects, mo in their collective seems a little thin,

7 and as fucput, z of @the

CARNIVAL

By Dick Turner

tions.

the Society

sald---Reuter,

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