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H.K.'S PLACE IN

INDUSTRY

THE CHINA MAIL, FRIDAY, MAY 14; 1940.

The

Twenty-fifth Churchills Memoirs

Instalment

THE MEASURELESS ORDEAL

orics.

And tell sad stories of deaths of kings,”

No uste hnd ever been, over the

with

total of

ndence in tha Commander-in-landing-deck, sha happened, in fuct it recorded the fallure of the can our shipping soon again mov- Chief, I motored from Loch Ewe her unpredictable course, by what first German U-boni attack upon |ed" through this invaluablés corri- to Inverness, where our train my have barh a hundred-to-one our trade. My fears were for the dor. Meanwhile the transport of awaited us. We had Л picnic chance, to meet a U-bont. future, but our preparations; for the Expeditionary Force to Franco lunch on the way. by a stream, Out of her crew of 1,200 pyer 1941 were now proceeding with was proceeding smoothly. sparkling in hot sunshine. I felt 300 were drowned, including Capt. all possible speed and Ot the oddly oppressed with my mem-Makeig-Jones, who went down largest scale which our vast re-

Tho blockade of Germany. was with his ship. Three days before sources would allow. "For God's sake let us sit upon another of our aircraft-carriera,

being enforced by similor ne- thods to those employed in the the ground,

later

previous, war.. The Northern. Pa- ther to become famous HMS.

Ark Royal, had also been attacked.)!

By the end of September 1tral had been established between the by a submarine while similari could feel that I had effectively and of the first month

Scotland and Iceland, and by engaged, Mercifully the torpedoes taken over the great Department ne I felt it my duty to visit Scapa same terrible course twice

missed, and her assaitent was nt the earliest moment. I there- such an interval between. No one-

lined for Getmany had been with a discriminating eye.,

I now fore obtained leave from our daily had felt its dangers, and respor promptly sunk by her escorting which I knew so well and loved riy 300,000 tons of goods des- salzed in prize against a loss to knew what there was Cabinets, and started for Wick sibilities from the summit as destroyers.

in hand ourselves

of 140,000 tons by with a small personal staff on the had ar, to descend to a small

Towards the end of the month and on the way. I knew where eneiny action at sou, point, understood how- First Lords Įnight of Sept. 14.

everything was. I had visited all treated thought it would be well for the principal naval ports and met two of the Admiralty are I spent most if the

our Overseas, and me to give the House soine coher- fe days Inspecting the harbour and when great ships are sunk

all the commanders-in-chief. | hunting down German shipa while the entrances with their houstnings go wrong. If we were inent story of what was happening

why, Mr.

On the whole, the month had at the same time providing cover and mets. I was assured that they fact going over the same cycie a and

been prosperous and fruitful

fruitful for against attacks on our slipping were as good as in the last war second time, should I have oncal readily assented, and accordingly the Navy. We had made theby raiders. German shipping had and that important additions and Improvements were being made were on their way, I stayed with (Sir Commander-in-Chief the Charles Forbes in his flagship, Nelson, and discussed not only Scapa but the whole naval prob- em with him and his principal ofteers.

The rest of the Floot was hiding in Loch Ewe, and on Sept. 17 the Admirni took me to them in the Nelson

As we came out through the gateway into the open sou !

=

•

*

that

•

Chamberlain

Less than a fortnight after taking over the Admiralty-"the great Department which 1 knew so well ond loved, with a. discriminating. eye" Mr. Churchill paid a visit to the Fleet in Scapa Flow, just as he had done in similar circumstances 25 years earlier.

д

10

89131

We

cruisers were

Immense, delicate and hazardous thus come to a standstill, as with transition from peace to War. Jow exceptions. It had sought Forfeils had 40 be paid in the shelter in neutral waters on the first few weeks by a world-wide outbreak of war.

The

10

formal

Now, and

commerce' suddenly attacked con- Our Allies also played-thoir................ trary

International part. The French took an im Indisesale De agreement by

U-portant. sharo in the control of bond warlare; but the

sys-the Mediterranean: In Home tem was now in full

Waters, and the Bay of Biscay our merchant ships were teaving our Allies also helped in the battle Burt ports every day by scores with against the U-boats, and in the a tun, sometimes high-angle, central Atlantio o powerful force -mounted aft, and # avelcus, of based on Dakar formed part of the Allied plans, ogalost surfaco trained gunners.

trawlers raiders. Asdie-equipped and other small craft armed with The young Polish Navy distin- depth-charges, all well prepared 'guished itself. Early in the war by the Admiralty before the out-three modern destroyers und two break, were now coming daily in-submarines, Wilk and Orzel, es- to commission in a growing stream cuped from Poland and, defying with trained crews.

the Gorman forces in the Baltic, It was obvious that the Ger-succeeded in reaching England,

by I hat a good tale to tell. In mang would build submarines The escape of the submarine the dist seven days our losses in hundreds, and no doubt numerous Orzel is an epic. Sailing from

the slips in

in Gdynia when the Germans in-

our

The hint that an attempt may be made to organise a boycott of Japanese goods, in was surprised to see no escort of again to endure the pange of dis-In his speech on the 26th he told missal Fisher, Wilton, Batten- the House that I would make a protest against the American destroyers for this great ship.

"I thought," I remarked, you berg, Jellicoe, Beatty, Pakenham, statement on the sea war us soon bid to swell the volume of never went to sea-without at least Sturdce, oll, gone!

as he sat down. This was the "I feel ilke une

first time, apart from answering Japanese textile exports, has two, even for a single battleship."

Who treads alone

questions, that I had spoken in nothing whatever to commend But the Admiral replied, "Or we should course. that is what

Some banquet hall deserted,

Parliament since I had entered the it. In the first place, it is un-like; but we haven't got the des Whose lights are fled,

Gavenment. Whose garlands dead, doubtedly 'premature to betrayers to carry out any such rule,

And all but be departed!" ne alarmed at once at the There are a lot of patrolling craft 10:

And what of the supreme men- threat of Japanese rivalry, shout, and we shall be into

Minches in a few hours." The world is still short

It was, like the others, a lovely sureles: ordeal in which we were torage had been half the weekly shoals were upon of

agnik irrevocably plunged? Po losses of the month of April, 1917, various stages of completion. In vaded Poland, she first cruised in goods and this is especially day. All went well, and in the land in its agony: France but a

which was the peak your of the 12 months, certainly in 18, we the Baltic, putting into the neu- It will be some where the four or five other grent warlike

evening we anchored in Loch Ewe, true of Asia.

of her former U-boat attack in the first war.must expect the main U-bont war al part of Tallinn on Septem- pale reflection

ardour;

The

Russian We hnd now already made pro-to begin. time, even with the energetic ships of the Home Fleet were a Colosatie

But by that time, we ber is to land her sick captain. no Ianger

ally,

mass of in motion the hoped that our Bress by setting

new The Esthoplan authorities deck- ⚫ sponsored by seinbled. The narrow entry into programme

Inot

possibly neutral, hot even

system: secondly, by Botillas and anti-U-boat craft,jed to intern the vessel, placed a SCAP. and the liberal assis- the loch was closed by several become a foc.

Italy no friend convoy Indicator

pressing on with the arming of which

first priority, guard on board, and, removed her lines

and nals,

Would Amerien all our merchant ships; and third would be ready to meet it with charts and the breech-blocks of tance being given to Japan to trolling craft with Asdies and pond ally,

ly, by our

counter-attack upon a proportionate and effective pro- her guns. Undismayed; her com- secure for her the necessary depth-charges, as well as picket-ever come in again?

The British Empire remained

the U-boats.

dominance.

manding officer put lo suu after raw materials in quantity, be-bunts, were numerous and buy intact and gloriously united, but

The painful dearth of anti-air-overpowering the guard. fore there is any prospect of On every side rose the purple hills

of Scotland in all their splendour had command of the sea. ill-prepared, unrendy. We

"In the first week our losses craft guns, especially 3.7 and In the ensuing weeks the sub- Competition intensifying to

by U-boat sinkings amounted to Bofors, could, alas, only be re-marine was continually buntud were woefully oulmatched In

63,000 tons; in the second week lieved after many months; but by sea and air patrols, but even- the cut-throat stage.

There is moreover only oneter of a century lo

My thoughts went back a quar-numbers in this new mortal wear

they were 48,000-lons; und in measures had been taken within tually, without can charts, made ather pon of the air. Somehow the light

the third week they were 21,000 the limits of our resources to pro- her escape from the Battle into sound answer when that stage September when I had last visited fuded out of the landscape..

tons. In the last six days we vide for the defence of our raval the North Sea. Here she was is reached: to produce equally Sir John Jellicoe and his captalris

have lost only 9,000 tons." horbours; and

meanwhile the able to transmit a faint wireless good textiles at a comparable in this very bay, and had found We joined our trala at Inver

Fleet, while ruling the oceans, signol to a British station giving them with this, long lines of lint-ness and travelled through the I observed throughout that has would have to go on playing hide her supposed position; and on price. The outery of local tleships and cruisers drawn out.at afternoon and night. 10 London. bit of understatement and of und-serk.

October 14 was met and escorted manufacturors who have been anchor, a play to the same uncers As we got out at Eustan the next avoiding all optimistic forecasts

into safety by á British-destroyer, enjoying the bountiful re- tainties as now afflicted us. morning I was surprised to soc which had been inculcated upon

Most of the captains and ad- the First Sea Lord on the plat-me by the hard experiences of the operations nu definite challenge In the wider sphere of naval

(To Be Continued) wards of a seller's market is

mirals of those days were dead, or form. not difeult to understand. Ahad long passed into retirement. grav Adml. Found's look was past.

"I have bad news for you, grave.

This speech, which lasted only had yet been made to our post- World Copyright reserved. clear field and all the favours The responsible senior officers First Lord.. The Courageous wax 22 minutes; was extremely well tion. After the temporary suspen-'production, ovon partially, in any is not a position to be surren-who were now presented to nunk yesterday evening in the received by the House, and insion of traffic In the Mediterran-¦ language,” strictly prohibited. . dered with indifference. But as I visited the various ships had un

Bristol Channel." been young Hleutenants or even some time or other manufac midshipmen in these far-off days oldest aircraft-curriers, but a very The Courageous was one of our turers in Hong Kong and Before the former war I had hiid

this time, I Shanghai were bound to come three years' preparation in which necessary ship at

and thanked him for coming to break face to face with the realities to make the acquaintance

approve the appointments of most it to me himself, and said: "We of economics.

of the high personnel, but now all can't expect to carry on a war Displeasing as the facts these were new figures and new like this without these sort of things happening from time in may be they are inescapable. fares,

I have seen lots of it he The perfect discipline, style and time. The key points which make bearing, the ceremonial routine fore." And so lo bath and the Japanese competition such a all were unchanged. But an en- toll of another day.

In order to bridge the gap of "Icarsome thing aro that irely different generation filled

the uniforms and the posts Only two or three weeks between the Nippon employs the most the ships had most of them been outbreak of war and the comple- modern of methods, and that laid down in my tenure. None of tion of our auxiliary and U-boat

notillos, we

had decided to use the Japanese worker is an in-them was new,

It was a strange experience, like the

the aircraft-carriers with dustrious individual prepared

suddenly resuming a previous in freedom in helping to bring in to work-for-very-long-hours carnation. It seemed that was the unarmed; unorganised and

the same for very low wages. Hong all that survived in Kong's leading weavers have position I had held so long ago, inconveyed traffle which was then had ample warning and ad-But, not the dangers had survived: Approaching our stores in large too. Danger from beneath the numbers. This was a risk which

it was right to run.

run. The Coura- vice in plenty to make use of waves, noro serious

four destroyera from Beous attended by the opportunity of very large powerful U-boatst danger

Towards evening

ening on September rewards for their enterprise the air., not merely of being spoti. had been thus employed:

ed in your hiding-place, but of

with Imoro

some

In the last eighteen months heavy and perhaps destructive at 17: two of these had to go to

hunt a

a U-boat which was attack- by a forward-looking polley tack!

ing a merchant ship. When the diverting a reasonable propor-

Having inspected two more ships Courageous turned into the wind tion of profits to the purchase next morning, and formed during at dusk, in order to enable her of new. plant. and the my visit a strong feeling of con- own aircraft to alight upon her modernising of factories. No-

one will urge anything sug CARNIVAL gestive of,a return to sweat-

HK$180.-shop conditions. Costs of

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production can, however, bej cut, and cut drastically, by eliminating, the factors which tend to call for the employ- 250,=ment-of-ton men where, in a modern factory, one man would do.

400.-

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'Nothing can prevent a very détermined bfd by Japan, with. America'd'aid; to restore 240.-

to herself a high place in the 320,- world economy, and nothing could be more short-sighted 350- than attempts to obstruct the development. Japan's indus- 120.-trial energy is necessary to the economy of the Far East 250.- at large if we in this part of

Hotel

the world are to break out of this era, of exorbitant prices,. prohibitive labour costs and antequated productive methods. When Napoleon died, Metternich." sald: Romances over. We are back in history"—A modern Metternich, or a Goschen, would say to day, in reference td trade prospects"" ""The coll- er's market, isoyer: "We are going back to oconomics" Hong Kong's place idustrial- 19 in the-changing conditions will depend upon her answer. Ito the challenge.

"Don

14. "

By Dick Turner

In the Tower, building to-day, the doors of the empty, celli, awing idly open. Outelde anch one can be seen the mater which registered the number of turns made by prianners' wheels Inaldo every cell, and also the thumbscrew which tightened or slackened the brake. Mail photo):

(China

Historical HK Gaol Tower

Disappearing

Re-

la make the turning harder or ensler.· ́ ́ It must have been a case of woe betide any prisoner who fell foult of his warder in the days when the cells word

י

One of the oldest buildings in stone corridor.at the side of thesed. One of these cranks, or. the Colony, and and with the Tower, those who were im- wheels, is to be kept by the aut grimmest story of the past to prisoned sweated for their meals thorities as souvenir, and will tell is at present being torn by turning an iron wheel, or be placed in the Stanley

*|mysoum, gy down... It is tho Old": Tower crank.

Towar Many years ago, the Block a medieval-like" structure Each wheel, which is still fixed-

known as · which has stood at the side of in the stonework just inside the room itself was tita Victoria Remnand Prison addoor of every cell had to be the Chapel, but the reason for

by Joining Central Police Station for turned

the unfortunate this is not remembered today..ilt has since been termed the Old well over 80 years.

prisoners 10,004 times a day. During that Ume within its this is an uspicasant reminler,Block of the Prison, or simply

By MARGARET BRADBURY

the Victoria Gaal when it was at one timp: the only prison In the ColonyNA MUNG

Although the Tower is now a donk and dark erection, Rawolld. construction la, a tributo to the....

sombre granite walls, many hun- lized of criminals have met their and by hanging and many albers have entered the round bure Bret floor of the Tower and blood in the centro to receive of the prison administration of buliding workmanship of the the corporal punishment, that the "past," when Instead of the past. Composed entirely of huge, justice demanded they should constructive, hard labour, which, granità, slabs--many) das larga os our-laws; now, (decree?: siidil !le: fornbatorics in anii 1.ibliisi- brick At the side of the Tower, the done by a gaol prisoner, the in- these seem as firma to-day As "hanging space"--a squaro cut mates of the Old Tower each, when they were firabahown and," into the concreto slaba at the top had to turn the from Weel: 1,870. placed together, Samm of the first floor-steps-stik Unies Tök breakfast. 8,000 times chirurganics 10/

looked

remains, and above it can be seen for the mid-day" medk and

mit ko lose be a times for upper med 3,13, fending acrony over poto Which was erected; Horizon Outside the cell, the Iron, crank, nga zaid that blue briek fins int tally; for? the suspension of the registered "on" maliny" mgtér, the been used by bullilers & in tha: Hanging rope. Within the 20 number of turna: which wer: Colony-stage-1800 calic, each 9ft by a fi and 11.ft. nada, and andiameath, a sinal “hah!which line the ground" floor (thumb" screw: adjusted" the brake: jn1-(Continued

Pay 13)