1948-04-26 — Page 1

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Air France-

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In June, 1935, Sir Philly Cun-

THE CHINA MAIL, MONDAY, APRIL 26, 1948.

The Ninth

Instalment

Churchill's Memoirs

THE STUDY OF AERIAL WARFARE

land,

properly

winter

fitte-Lister, Lord, Swinton as he ment research scientist. Professor of high value, and in the early The Germans would not have elous reinforcement to our fighter

ed Lord

the

One afternoon

as

whon be tested.

House of Commons

came in. He sat and sold at

a

We

What

In 1940 the chief res-

Technically efficient Ra-enfell upon me and our

HONG KONG/INDOCHINA/PARIS AIR SERVICE Įmunists, is a potent reminder that you should join the newly meeting of the Air Defence Re-G.C.L. (Ground Control of Inter- the world, and it was operational never tried to be learned

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upen

The possibility of using radio this danger a supplementary set, that she carried special listening with ranges varying from 50 to waves sentiered backs from air of stations called C.H.L. (Chain equipment to discover the exta-120 miles. craft and other metal objects Stations, Home Service. Lower tence of British Radar tranemis- seems to have occurred to a very Cover) was constructed, using sions, if any,

I shall in a later volume ex- large number of people in Eng much shorter waves (14 metres),

plain the way in which by these America, Germany 'and

The attempt failed, but had her and other processes known only wo inked but only effective over a shorter listening equipment been working to a very small circle, the Ger- France in the 1930s, of them as .D.F. (Radio Diree-range.

the Graf Zeppelin ought man attacks on Britain was par- tion Finding) or inter as Rador. To follow enemy aircraft once certainly to have been able to ried in the autumn and The practical aim was to discern the they had come inland we had curry back to Germany the in-of 1040. There is no doubt that approach of hostile aircraft, not meanwhile to rely upon the royal formation that wo had Radar, the work of the Air Ministry and

Observer by human senses, by eye or car,

Corps, which only for our Radar stations were not the Air Defence Research Com but the echo which they sent operated by car and eye, but only operating at the time but niitee, both under Lord Swinton which when linked up with all also detected her movements and and his successor, played the de- back from radlo waves.

a Govern-the telephone exchanges proved divined her intention. In February, 1935,

cisive part in procuring this pre- soon afterwards became, succeed Watson-Watt, had first explained part of the Battle of Britain was been surprised to hear our Hu-aircraft. BURMA

cur main foundation.

dar pulses, for Londonderry Air to the Technical Sub-Committee

for they had dev- Burma still has its troubles.minis.er.

that the detection of aircraft by It was not enough to detect eloped

པ་ In spite of the termination of

a month late radio echoes might be feasible, approaching enemy aircraft, over dar systom which was in sume national survival depended upon was in the smoking-room or/and had proposed, that, it should the sea, though that gave at least | respects ahead of our own. British sovereignty, Britain is

15 to 20 minutes' warning,

Victory in the air, I had the ad- The Committee was not entirely extricated from Mr. Baldwin

would have It was assumed that must seek to guide our own air-them, however, was the extent to the problenus of air warfare surprised vantage of a layman's insight in- Impressed. them. The general strike in down next to me

would take five years detect craft towards the attackers and to which we had turned our resulting from tour long years of

intercept them over the lund. discoveries to practical Rangoon, followed by rioting once: "I have a proposal to make aircraft up to a range of 30 miles.

For this purpose

number of woven all into our study and thought based On July 25, 1935, at the fourth

Dir and mass arrests of Com-to you. Philip is very anxious

atations with what

the fullest official and technical were called defence system. In this we led information. Although I have search Committee, and the Arst of formed Committed of this-if such was needed.

Imperial which I

tech attended (Sir Henry) ception) were being erected. But efficiency rather than Defence on Air Defence Research, Tizard made his

upon all this was still embryonic at the of equipment that was the British was well lit for me. I know the novelty nical matters, the mental feld Communists, whose forceful and 1 hope you will"

report upon outbreak of war. Radio-location. The prelimina

achievement. пазу and vociferous leader Than

various pieces and the moves on I said I was a critle of our air experiments were held to justify

The final meeting of the Air the board, and could understand Tun is seriously bidding for preparations and must reserve further executive

The Germans were also busy. Defence Research Committee took anything I was told about the action. have my freedom of aetion. He said: Service departments were invited

and in the spring of 1938 the place on July 11, 1939. |governmental

Twenty game. concentrated their offensive course, you will be perfectly free

That is quite understood. Of to formulate plans.

Coast of Britain.

(To be Continued) General Mar- in existence between Portsmouth World Copyright reserved. Re- A special organisation was set [against British-uned com- except upon the sedret matters up, and a chain of stations estab- Director-General of Signals and Scapa Flow, able to detect production, even partially, in any panies and have charged the you learn only at the Commit lished in the Dover-Orlordness in the Luftwaffe, had arranged aircraft lying above 10,000 feet, language, strictly prohibited. Government of Thakin Nu, tee."

area for experimental purposes. dedicated in principle to na made it a condition that Pro-The possibility of Radio-location tional independence and So-Cherwell) should at least be a

fessor Lindemann (now Lord of ships was also to be explored. By Morch, 1936, stations were cialism, with the crime of per- member of the Technical Sub-being crested and equipped along petuating capitalism and im-Committee, because I depended the South Coast, and it was hoped perialism

upon his aid.

to carry out experimental exer- Socialism in Burma means,

Accordingly for the next four cises in the autumn. During the years attended these meetings, summer there were considerable in fact, expropriation of the and thus obtained a full view of delays in construction, and the foreigner British, Indian this vikal sphere of our air de problem of hostile Jamming "P- Overhead rail cars whizzing through the air at 200 and Chinese; for there is no fence, and built up my ideas Deared, question of

In collectivising upon it year by year in close and

July, 1937, plans were the Air land of the Burmese peasants constant discussion with Lindo brought forward by and the number of Burmese

Ministry, and approved by the immediately prepured Air Defence Research Committee, who can describe themselves Memorandum for the Committed to create a chain of 20 stations as capitalists is infinitesimal. which embodied the thought and the Tees by

from the Islo of Wight to the new rulers of knowledge I had already gather at the cost of cover £1,000,000. end of 1939 Burma, who in the past have in my talks and-studies with Lin ed, without official information, themselves used all the terms demann

ed

But the

power,

mano.

und

al

their

The

Graf Zeppelin flew up the East Radar stations were at that time

Overhead Railway "Maple Leaf"

For

London?

London, Apr. 24.

M.P.H. suspended from a single track are pro- posed for use between London Airport and the centre of London. In five minutes, each stream- lined car would carry between 30 and 50 pas- sengers on a journey that now takes up to 40 minutes by special coach or an hour by normal transport services.

Communism In Brazil

for aircraft detection, Dutra, in a special message. Mr. Bennie says that its accept-

Work

pro-

planned were

cars, driven by twin alr

!

Legion ?

Toronto, Apr. 24. Voluntary enlistment open.

ed hare today for * "Maple Leaf" legion to be put at the disposal of the United Na- tions, should the

organization decide to

of

not In Palestine. The sponsor was Major Samuel Weiser, Chairman the Hebrew Legion in Britain. who recently aided a similar campaign for a "George Wash- Ington" logton In the United States. Acuter,

Strike- Stopped

·

Manchester, Apr. 11. The strike of 20,000 vehicle, building workers, which was -2 threat to the recognised system of industrial negotiations, will be

on Wednesday, stopped on

This was decided here today trade union leaders con- by the

ago

Experiments were now tried: from my of nationalist rhetoric and military conceptions,

own for finding hostile aircraft after

Only six cars would be re- practical devices of political

they had come inland. By the July 23, 1935.

quired to give a one-minute strife now face an awkward it seems unlikely

end of the year we could track; that

service in both directions.. Gor them up to a distance of 33 miles dilemma. They have in their any will be in a position beture at 10,000 feet. Progress was also

Invented by a Scotsman, Mr. hands the destiny of a coun-hope of success a

1937 or 1938 to begin with any being made about ships.

George Dennic, of Glasgow, It had try which is peculiarly favour-three- Services which might last sels from the air at a range of war of the been proved possible to fix ves-

the air-speed railway" aуE- tem is now being examined by with natural

Rio De Janeiro, Apr. 23. resources for years, and in which sho nine miles.

officials of the Ministry of President Enrico Dutra asked capable of yielding large ex-would have scarcely any allies. Two ships of the Home Fleet Congress today for legislation to Transport and the, Ministry of it would appear in such a war were already equipped with a combat Communism in Brazil. port surpluses of rice, oil,

Civil Aviation, teak, wolfram and tin-and French Air Force should be the and

the first task of the Anglonparatus

experiments were

taking asked for

the big- the corresponding purchasing breaking-down of

laws demanding the once would provide CHEMY com- place for range-Bnding on air-loyalty of the Armed Services gest revolution in modern trans power abroad.

munications, their viaducts, &c., craft, for fire control of anti-and Government employees and port since Wilbur Wright took But the

development of and the maximum disturbance aircraft guns and for the direc-providing punishment for crimes from Kittyhawk in 1903. these resources and the com- of their assembly

The and tion of searchlights. zoreg

of sabotage. munications

dumps.

"y" along overhead rails required

mynition for

Dutra said such legislation is screws, December, 1938. 14 of the needed to combat the "Intema- supported by pylons to feet cerned. The strike for a pay in- Next in priority come the most their profitable export has accessible factories for

Inventor claims that 20 new stations

tional

The wave of politico-social apart. hitherto been dependent upon war industry in all

buildings are unaffected and that crease of threepence an hour, forms operating with temporary equip-criminality which is spreading the system is almost noiseless.was declared three its foreign capital, business or-It seems fairly certain that if our ment. Location of ships from through

the

all

weeks continents."—--As-

Speed hitherto unthought of although Mr. George Isaacs, the ganisation and technical capacentrated on these vital targets, con

efforts from zero hour were con-air was now possible at 30 miles, sociated Press.

in contact travel can be reach-Minister of Labour, had referred city. It is essential to retain we should impose.

By 1939 the Air Ministry, using

ed.

the wage claim to the National these if production and trade policy on the enemy.

SHANGHAI–SILT- a-similar comparatively long-wave radio (10 metres) had constructed the

This revolutionary idea will Arbitration Tribunal; on which the new Burma

Shanghai, April 23. be a necessity in years to come Otherwise, the French

which en- coastal would so-called

chain.

Shanghai will not be able to when London's major pir The Minister of Labour is now counts are not to show a dis have an unobstructed mobilsa preaching over the sea at dis-ing up to 49 feet draft for many capacity.

abled us to detect aircraft sp-nccommodate modern liners draw- term

terminals are working to full expected to call a meeting to astrous decline.

But any in

tion, and command the Initative s

settle the matter by negotiation. the great land battle. Thus elaborate network of telephonic Commissioner of Public Utilities, 500 or 000 coaches will be in

tances up to about 60 miles. An years to come, said Mr. T. C. Tac, At the present rate of progress,--Reuter. government which takes this into account is embarrassed commit acts of terror upon the by Air

any German aircraft used to communication had been installed at the Rotary Club yesterday. continuous use in ten years", "time by the fact that there are too British and French civil popula- Fighter Command, linking all for its development and moderni-hour from airports to London.

Marshal Dowding of "Unless drastic steps are taken transporting 3,000 people An many Burmese who believe tions will be grudged and spar- there stations at Uxbridge, where sation, Shanghol will probably that these economic activities

In 48 Hours, If....... ingly diverted

Nevertheless, we must

the

movements of all aircraft ob remain a secondary port," he would still go on automatical-that even in a three-service war, maps, and thus

expect served could be plotted on large

Mr. Bennle has had corresponTM added-flouter.

dence with Mr. Alfred Barnes, ly as before if all profit mak attempts will be made to burn action of all our own air forces the control of

the Minister of Transport, who Stratford-on-Avon, Apr. 23. ing foreigners were sent down London,

NEW EMBASSY or ether great maintained.

"will place no obstacles in my The flags of India, Pakistan, packing

cities within easy reach, in order Apparatus called L.F.F. (Identi-

London, Apr. 22.-

way."

Ceylon and Burma flew for the No doubt if Than Tun could tést the

Sir Giles Frederick Squire, at resisting power callon Friend or Foe) had also present Minister in Kabul, is to been established," said Mr. Ben-George's Day when

"Once the right of way has drat time here today--St. come to power by exploiting under

the Government and people been devised which enabled our be the first Ambassador there. it ne

40 nations these terrible this belief he would be faced Secondly, the Port of London, distinguish British aircraft which

can begin construction took part in the 384th anniversary ordeals. coastal chain Radar stations to was omcially announced tonight. within 48 hours.“

of Shakespear's birth. by the same dilemma which and the dockyards upon which carried it from enemy

Afghanistan and Britain re- The next move rests with the aircraft. cently agreed to raise their Lega-

Minister of Civil Aviation, Lord He the life of the Fleet depends, are It was found that these long- tions to Embassies.

Although worries Thakin (FARE)

Nu.

one attended. Nathan,

from the Russian Embassy, the might forget his Communists also military targets of the high-wave stations did not detect air-

Sir Giles, who is 53, has been est possible consequence,

It is expected that the system Soviet fing was "unfurled. HK$180 and try to keep alive the There

craft approaching at low heights Minister in Afghanistan since would take about 2 years to flags is, however, always the over the sea, and as a counter to 1943.-Reuter.

of Germany and layer of golden eggs, thus ugly possibility

that those in

build. Asked how much it would however, were missing. 35.- exposing himself to the same leve that it would be possible to CARNIVAL

authority in Germany may be-

cost Mr. Bennic sald £3,000,000 would provide a ser- Dat reproaches which he now beat a nation to its knees in very brings against the ruling few months, or even weeks, by vio- lent aerial mass attack. The Alternatively, he

сопсорг might tacties has a great attraction for of psychological shock follow the Rumanian Com-the German mind. Whether they munist example and squeeze are right or wrong is beside the

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For her

200.- out foreign capitalists regard. Point,

It the. German Government less of economic consequences believes that it can force a coun- 240.- for the national income. try to sue for peace by destroy

Burma would of course being its great cities, and alough- tering the elvillan population the poorer (as also would be 350.- the world market) and that armies have mobliked and ad

from the air before the Allied might cause popular discon-vanced materially,

this might tent. But as the Commun-well lead it to commence hos- ists would naturally introduce it need scarcely be added that Whites with the air arm alone. their standard methods of England, if she could be separat opposition breaking and cd from France, would be a par police control, popular dis-ticularly apt victim for this

forn content would not be as dan main form of counter-attack

of aggression.

aerial reprisals, HOW under the relatively namely, a naval blockade, only Uberal regime of the A.F.PL makes itself felt after a consider- (Anti - Fascist People's If the aerial bombardment of League).

our ellies can be restricted prevented, the chance (which may in, any case be illusory) that our morate could be broken by "frightfulness" will vanish, and the decision will romain -in Ban Francisco, Apr. 23, Cardinal Spellman of New navies.

the long run with the armies and York and 13 Cathbile prelates de-are respected, the greater will be The more our defences parted by Clipper plane today the deterrent upon a purcir afr for Australia and the centenary war. celebration of the Burnum Catholic ma Church in Victoria, 19

CARDINAL SPELLMAN

able time.

or

The Committee worked in

• Thaispoelanda Lil Midiverfor lacerat, and no statoniant was ever i

special and Dils tierning from made of my omociation with this the celebration. Government, whom -I- ppatimuri WITT Hair Khan Krient, return to criticies and attack with-in- the Thaifol Kiteten la Jand. cumeing severity, in other Parts

of the field.,

MARKE

17

-

SHAKESPEARE'S BIRTHDAY

no

The Japan.

Ambassadors, Ministers and

By Dick Turner vico from Heath Row to Victoria. other representatives walked in a Inventor Bennic's idea has procession from the biriḥplace of been a reality at a Scoftish teat-the poet to Holy Trinity Church, ing ground at Milngavie since where children - heaped," "spring 1920.From Our Correspondent. flowers on his grave.Router

"Well, it's your own fault-every day it was 'Det a nice 'ball and bat for a dozen boxtops: Mrs. Finnegant", "

Italian Unions And

Marshall

Plan

Rome, Apr. 24 Italian trade unions are not opposed to the Marshall Plan but would like it better if it meant more steel for Italian industry, Signor Giuseppe Vit- torio, the Communist`· leader and Secretary- Gontoral of the General Confederation of La- bour, said here today.

"In principle, we are not; ""The allegations that we-in- against the Marshall Plan" tend to organise strikes because ho said,

the parties of the Left-wara+un«-». "We are very grateful to successful in tho elections aro

ridiculous and, have..no

the United States for the on, but we will definition f

bread and butter 'we are get-

ting. It is nice to have these Ourselves very promptly things, But what we need any offensive by big Burli above all is work",

against the workers.”—helter Kask

Italy naked for 12,000,000 to MANILA WAR G

of steel and Iron during the next

soven, years ✨ under the Marshall Mid Changana Plan. She has been granted ex-A total of 1,250, actly 400,000 tons.

dámage, claime placed on them

2,000,000 Unemployed of oversus alatim,

submitted to the Unlist "We have 2,000,000 unempley-Falippine or war Dam ed, and if we are to have a heslmlion during the aill thy economy. In Italy...wa-hava - batwouri Marels 2,71947 201 to get them to work. We must night, Tabruary-29-1996- develop dir industry and for this disclosed today by we': need staci," Signor Vittorio stenary Mr. John A. O'Donne added, so