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PREFACE TO CHURCHILL

MEMOIRS

and

*

have been

THE CHINA MAIL, FRIDAY, APRIL 18, 1948.

authority the

of

19

of the

The First Instalment

avery fist"

every

tha

before

for

THE

and

For 50

was pence

жая

Churchill's Memoirs

GATHERING STORM

DACC

in

10

pay

the

of

the

l

Deat

driven

pings

out.

no

were

the

Tho

10

Mr.

attempt to

Toulon that did not moun its frontier should henceforth be the and by Great Britain, thus en-Empire of the Hapsburgs to whom dead or shelter its cripples. To thing. Germany might be disabling the ruin of the war, to be gaining their independence has those Frenchmen, and there were armed; her military many in high authority, who had shivered in fragments; her for this

system rapidly repaired in Germany. As not brought the tortures which fought and suffered in 1870, ttresses dismantled; Germany might process was still accompanied by reserved for the damned.

apparently magnanimous anolant poets and theologians had seemed almost a miracle that be impoverished, she thight be the machine-made howlings of noble capital of Vienna, the home France should have emerged vic loaded with measureless indemni- the unhappy and ambittered poof so much long-defended culture torious from the Incomparably ties; she might become a prey to pulations in the victorious coun- and tradition, the centre of more terrible struggle which had internal feuds; but all this would tries, and the assurances of their many roads, rivers and railways, just ended. All their lives they had dwelt in fear of the German ass in ten years or in twenty statesmen that Germany

The indestructible might "of all be made to pay "to the uttermost a

shouki was left star

stark and starving, like After the end of, the

remembered the the German tribes" would rise farthing." no gratitude or World Empire. They

in an im- War of 1914 there

good poverished preventive war which Blamarck

whose was a deep had sought to wage in 1876; they ce more and the unquenched will was to be expected or reap-itants have mostly departed.

inhab conviction and almost universal

y tires of warrior Prussia glow and ed. hope that peace would reign in remembered the brutal threats b

burn again. But the Rhine,

The vietors imposed

upon the the world, This heart's desire which had driven Delcasse from broad, deep, swift-Blowing Enine,

Germans Germany only paid, or was only deals of the liberal nations of:

all the long-sought of all the peoples could easily office in 1908; they had quaked held and torilled by the able to pay, the indemnities Inter the West. Ther

at the Moroccan menace in 1900. of compulsory relieved righteous convictions, at the Bosnia-Herzegovina dispute I have followed, in this ness in

of 1988, and of the Agadir crisis and a shield behind which France was profusely lending money and by reasonable common senso

the tamilitary service and Irum work, the method of Defoe's and prudence. The phrase, the of 1911. The Kaiser's "malled could dwell and breathe for Europe, and especially to her. "Memoirs of a Cavalier." as war to end war." was on

In need of keeping up heavy arm "shining armour" generations. Very different were fact, during the three years 1028 ments. The enormous American for as I am able, in which flip, and measures had been taken speeches might be received with the sentiments and views of the to 1929 the United States was re- | Ioans were presently pressed upon the author hangs the chronicle to turn it into reality. President ridicule in England and America. English-speaking world, without solving back in the form of debt- them, though they had no credit.

ald Franco must have

suc-instalment indemnities from all A democratle constitution, in as- reality In the hearts if the cumbed. The territorial HONG KONG/INDOCHINA/PARIS AIR SERVICE and discussion of great mili-Wilson, wielding, as was thought. They sounded a knell of horrible whose

United Frenc

about me-fifth of the cordance with all the latest Im- **** quorters of the tary

political events States, had made the concetion they

years almost Bions the Treaty of Versailles, money which she was lending to provements, was established at upon the thread of the per- of a League of Nations dominant they had lived under the terror left Germany practically intact. Germany, with

The She still remained

no chanco o o re- Walmar. the largest payment.

Emperors -having been However, price of their life-blood, the long homogeneous

everybody sonal experiences of an in-in all minds. The British dele- of the German arms, Now at the She

racial block

monentities Idividual. I am perhaps the shaped his Ideas Into an Instru-oppression had been rolled away.rd of the ‘signing of the Peace |

gation at Versailles moulded and

were seemed pleased

to elected. and

appeared to Europe. When

this Beneath

flimsy Marshal Farch think this might go on for ever. fabric raged the passions of the Surely here at last only man who has passed ment which will for ever con- and safety. With one passionate Treaty of Versailles he observed these transactions as insane. They ly uninjured German nation. The History will characterise all mighty, defeated, but substantial- through both the two stitute & milestone in the hard

apasm the French people cried with singular accuracy: This is helped to breed both the martial prejudice of the Americans against supreme cataclysms of re-march of man.

The victorious

"Never again!"

hot Peace. It is an Armistice for | curze and the "economicGeorge made FOR HẢI PHONG đi HANDI

Allies were at that time all- corded history in high execu-

monarchy, which 20 years."

Lloyd of which more later. Monday

tive office. April 20th

But the Whereas, how-powerful, so far as their outside

future

heavy onemies were concerned. They

foreboding. with

now borrowed in all directions, counteract, had made it clear to The popula- ever, in the First World War had to

The economic. clauses FOR PARIS VIA SAIGON

face grave internal dit

swallowing tion of France was less

greedily every credit the beaten Empire that would' I filled responsible but sub-ficulties and many riddles to

which than trenly wore malignude, then ob- Misguided sentiment about alding Allies as top policy would Have ...ed two-thirds that of Germany to an extent that

was lavishly offered her. have better treatment from the April 10th ordinate posts, I was in this while that the Teutonic Powers The French population was sta-viously futile. Germany was con- the vanquished nation, coupled Monarchy. Wise policy would have April 30th

second struggle with Ger-answer, but

in the great mass of Central tionary, while the Geaman grew. demned

། In a decade or less the Onnual

reparations with a profitable rate of interest crowned and fortified the Weimar many for more than five years | Europe which had made the up flood of German youth reaching on to the anger of the vie- much omaller scale, then those offant grandson of the Kaiser. un➡

amounting to £20,000,000,000 on these loans, led British inves

with the Head of His Majesty's heavul

a constitutiomar Republic were prostrate

These dictates gave ex- the military age must be double

turs to participate, though on a sovereign in the person of on in- Government. I write, there-them, and Russia, already shat

tered by the German fall, was that of France. Germany had tors, and to the belief of their the United States. fore, from a different stand-

fought

Thus nearly the whole world,

Ger- convulsed by civil war and fall-

a Council of Regency. In- der a two point and with more author- fng into the grip of the Bolshevile almost single-handed, and she peoples that any defeated nation many gained the

thousand stead, a gaping vold was opened had almost conquerod. Those community can ever pay tri- millions sterling in loans as in the national life of the Ger- 170.0.0 ity than was possible in my or Communist party.

who knew the most knew best bute on a scale which meet the against the one thousand millions man people. All the strong ele arlier books.

the several occasions when the cost of modern war. In the summer of 1919 the Al-

of Indemnities which she paid in ments, military and foudal, which Nearly all my official work

result of the Great War lied

had Armies stood along the trembled in the balance, and the ed

The multitudes remained plung- one form or another by surrender might have rallied to a constitu- was transacted by dictation

and Rhine,

their

ignorance of the simplest of capital assets and voluta in tional monarchy and for its sale to secretaries. During the bulged deeply

bridgehead accidents and chances which had eronomie facts, and their leaders, foreign countries, or by juggling respected and sustained the new Into

aw turned the fateful scale. What seeking their votes, did not dare with the enormous time I was Prime Minister I disarmed and hungry

American

and Parliamentary democratic Germany prospect was there the future: issued the Memoranda, Direc- The chiefs of the victor Powers that the Great Alles would once papers, after their fashion, re- complicated idiocy in the making ing unhinged. The Welmor Re-

ture to undeceive them. The news- loans.

All this is a sad story of processes, were for the time he tives, Personal Telegrams and debated and disputed the future again appear in their millions flected and emphasised the pre-of which much toil and virtue public, with all its liberal trap-

in Paris, Before them lay, the upon the battlefields Minutes which amount to map of Europe to be redrawn or in the

of France vailing opinions. Few voices were was consumed, East?

and blessings, was regarded nearly

million words. almost

Russia was in raised to explain that payment they might resolve ruin and convulsion, transformed of reparations can only be made

As an Impoaltion the enemy.

of The second These documents, composed After 52 months of agony ond

semblance

curdinal tragedy It could not hold beyond all

of the

loyalties past. tho

by services or by the physical was the complete break-up of the the imagination of the Teutonic coalition Italy might be upon the opposite transportation of goods in wagons Austro-Hungarian Empire by the people. For a spell

German from day to day under the hazards

they sought stress of events and with the lay at their mercy, and not one side. Grouz Britain

Its four members could offer United States were separated by

and the across land frontiers or in ships Treaties of St Germain and Tri- to cling as in desperation to the knowledge available at the the slightest resistance to their the seas or ocenas from Europe.

For centuries this survaged Marshal Hindenburg. There moment, will no doubt show will. Germany, the head and The British Empire itself seemed

iving embodiment of the Holy after mighty forces were adrift; many shortcomings. Taken to- forefront of the offence, regarded

coman Empire prorded a was open, and into that

with advantages in vold

in vold after a pause there strode a gether they nevertheless give by all as the prime cause of the kit together by lies which none catastrophe which had fallents citizens could understand.

combination | What

trade and security, to a large a current account of these upon

Bum-maniac of

the ferocious genius, ber of peoples, none of whom in repository and expression of the could ever bring back again to tremendous events as they mercy or discretion of conquerors, France and Flanders the formid-

our own ilme had the strength most virulent hatreds that have were viewed at the time by themselves reeling from the tor-able Canadians of the Vimy Rid-

or vitality to stand by themselves ever corroded the human breast one who bore the chief resment they had endured. More ab

the glorious Australians. of

in the face of pressure from a-Corporal Hitler. over, this had been a war, not ponsibility for the war and of Governments, but of peoples. New Zealanders of the

revivided Germany

any or Russia. crater

All these races wit

wished to break policy of the British Empire The whole life-energy of the fields of Passchendaele; and

away Commonwealths. I greatest nations had been

the across salt water; or that when perfal the Federal or Ima doubt whether any similar out in wrath and slaughter. The steadfast Indian Corps which in these goods arrive in the demand- their desires was deel

and to encourage atructure, and

deemed a wor record exists, or has ever had been borne thither upon the held the

Tenders assembled in Paris e cruel winter of 1014 had ing countries, they dislocate the oth-Eastern Europe proceed ea

ne by Armentieres?

The Balkanization local industry except in very pri- existed, of the day-to-day strongest and most furious tides

again would peaceful,

mitive or rigorously-controlled space, with the consequent rela anti-militarist careless,

Britain conduct of war and adminis- that have ever flowed in human tramp, the plain of Artois and stars in pective, as even the sive arrangement of Prussia and tration. I do not describe it sto

Russians have now learned, the the German-Reich, which, though Gone were the days of Picardy with armies of two

Vienao,

or

defented way of Dilinging a as history, for that belongs the treaties of Utrecht and

three million men? When again only aristocratic when

tired and war-scarred, was in-. atatesmen w

nation is to cart away any mov- to another generation. But I

tact would the ocean bear 2,000,000 diplomats, victo and

and locally overwhelming. victor and

ables which are wan van-

of the splendid manhood

and to

is-a-contribution-to-history Courtly disputation, and, free

down, doubly as permanent.or.temporary slaves. provinces that constituted the which will be of service to from the clatter and

decimated, but undisputed masters the profit gained from such | democracy, could reshape the future.

tems upon the fundamentals of of the hour, the French nation processes bears no relation to the These 30 years of action which they were all aumentals peered into the future in thank cost of the war. No one in great

the wit, theful wonder and haunting dread. authority had

ascen- and advocacy comprise and peoples, transported by

Where then was that

or detachment

from and by

security dancy express my life-effort, and I sufferings,

Without which all that had been public folly to declare these fun- leachings with which they had am content to be judged upon been inspired, stood around gained seemed valueless, and life damental, brutal facts to them. I have adhered to my scores of millions to demand that of victory, was almost unendur-have been believed if he

itself, oven amid the rejoicings electorates; nor would anyone rule of never criticising any retribution should be exacted to able.? The mortal need was se- The triumphant Aliies continued measure of war or policy the full. Woe betide the leadors curity at all costs and by all to assert that they would squeeze after the event unless I had now perched on their dizzy pin- methods, however stern or even Germany "till the pips squeaked."

nacles of triumph if they caat before expressed publicly or away at the

harsh.

All this had a conference table

potent bearing on formally my opinion or warn what the soldiers had won on a

the prosperity of the world and On Armistice Day the German the mood of the German race. ing about it. Indeed, in the hundred blood-soaked battlefields. Armies had marched homeward In fact, however, these clauses after-light I have softened

in good order. "They fought were never enforced. France, by right alike of her well," said Marshal Foch, Gener- contrary, whereas about £1,000,- many of the severities of con- efforts and her losses, held the alissime of the Allies, with the 000,000 of German assets were

On the Stanislav Zborowski, 25-year-old gunman who es- temporary controversy.

caped from gaol fast Summer and eluded the It leading place. Two million

the his brow, appropriated by Frenchmen had perished defend- laurels bright upon

police for 23 days, was at farge again and on has given me pain to recording the sall of France on which speaking in soldierly mood, "let Poewra, more than £2,000,000,000 | these disagreements with 50 they stood against the

the run today. Invader. them keep their weapons,” But were lent a few years later to many men whom I liked or Five times in a hundred years he demanded that the French Germany by the United States] respected, but it would be in

1814, 1815, 1870, 1914 and wrong not to lay the lessons 1918, had the stcopies of Notre of the past before the future. Dame

the flash .seen

* CARNIVAL 400.-

Let no one look down on russian guns and heard the

thunder of their those honourable, well-mean- Now for

cannonade. four horrible

yours 200,- ing men whose actions are thirteen provinces of France had chronicled in these pages lain in the rigorous grip of 280.- without searching their own Prussian military rule. Wide re

hearts, reviewing their own vastated by the enemy or

gions had been systematically de- 320.-

pul. discharge of public duty and verised in the encounter of the 350.- applying the lessons of the armies. There was not a cottage past to their future conduct. nor a family from Verdun to

It must not be supposed

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histor

The world "Was at the

poured

but

ot events

Goebbels' Diary will be found in Page Eight

wanted

anon.

a liberal

of

claim with confidence that it quished alike, met in polite and America lo Champagne and the drive of a portion of its manhood/ There is not one of the peoples

•

babel of sys-

the

120. that I expect everybody to left of the world from the agree. with what I say, still previous struggle. The 250.- less that what I am writing human tragedy reaches its will be popular. I only give climax in the fact that, after my testimony according to all the exertions and sacri- the lights I follow. Every Rices of hundreds of millions. possible care has been taken of people and, of the victories to verify the facts; but much of the Righteous Cause, we is constantly coming to light have still not found Peace or from the disclosure of cap-Security; and that we lie in tured documents or other re-the grip of even worse perils velations, which may present than those we have surmount- a new aspect to the conclu-jed. It is my earnest hope sions which I have drawn. that pondering upon the past This is why, it is important may give guidance, in days to rely upon authentic con- to come, enable a new gen temporary records and the eration to repair some of the expressions of opinion set errors of former years and down when all was obscure. thus govern, in accordance One day Prealdent Roose with the needs and glory of velt told me that he was ask man, the awful unfolding ing publicly for suggestions science of the future,⠀ about what the war, should ļa

WINSTON SPINCEN be called I said at once;

**Chuncutta. The Unnecessary: War.! There never“ WES SAWAT móra easy to stop than that which has just

KOWLOON Poninania Hotel:

Chartwe

Worn

the

had.

victorious

(To be Continued)

Copyright in the British Com- monwealth by The Dally Tolo. graph, in the U.S.A. by The New York Times, and in all other countries by COOPERA- TION PRESS SERVICE.

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Exclusive rights in-Hongkong have koon zoquired by the "China Mail,"

Dangerous Gunman Breaks Out Of Chelmsford Gaol

Zborowski tunneled out of his

- cell in Chelmsford gaol during the night, climbed through a

By Dick Turner ventilating shaft and scaled a

“f don't believe he got a single sniff of my naw perfums!

He had on some powerful shaving lotion!

wall.

Police said they believe he has

a companion, Joseph Purton, the "Dragon", who escaped from the gaol on Monday.

Purton has dragons tattoed on his anne. He is of small stature and may be disguised as a wo- man, the police said.

Zborowski, who broke gaol-in Norfolk last May, was re-arrested

at Southend 23 days later,

Chelmsford, Apr. 14.

Assault

On Dutch Mission

The Netherlands is consult

The Hague, Apr. 14.

A police warning today said ing with the Netherlands East the men "undoubtedly will be Indies Government on whe dangerous if they obials arms. ther to recalled the Dutch de

Zborowski, sa

Bald by military

authorities to be a former leader legation which met with 'hos- of a bandit gang of Polish desertile and insulting demonstra- ters in Italy, was originally sen- tions and assaults" on arrival tenced ti nine months imprison at Jogjakarta, the Indonesian ment for theft of cigarettes. He capital on Monday.

Comedy. Rgreed

the the

was sentenced to six years after The Netherlands Government, This recapture at Southend-As-

Bociated Press.

officially stated here.

With standpoint adopted by Netherlands East Indles Govern- mant towards the demonstrations and treatment of the Dutch dele- gation."

U.S. DESTROYERS

IN GREECE

The Indles Government warn Athèna, Apr. 14. ed the Indonesian Republicans Three United States destroyers today that it held them respons- Larson (3,000 tonn), Goodrich ible for the safety of the cavoys, (2,400 tons), and Hanson (2,400 The head of the delegation and tous), today began a month's Deputy Lieutenant Governor visit to Greece and the; Aagaan |'General of the Dutch East, and lonian lands, flies, States Embarry announced, here modio, was among a tuber of today

· people'Fauld "to" havd

Iman- At the beginning of April, handled by crowd outside the Greak Government sources stated Noglakarta: railway station. that three "Ruslan naval" auxta PAZke ne quilón Harles had passed through, sponsored by Offices Bosphorus, bound for the hogwan Committees were postponed after

Roster

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