1948-03-30 — Page 6

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PUBLIC ENTERPRISE

Does public enterprise necessarily imply centralised national control? The timely question was raised by Dr. W. A. Robson, who has just become the first Professor of Public Administration at the London School of Economics, in his inaugural address. He examined two fields of public enterprise, local government and nationalised industry, and in both his answer was emphatic; centralisation is Toften not only unnecessary but even positively harmful.

It is true, as he said, that local government is today badly handicapped by obso lete structure and irrational areas; but the remedy is "to raise local self-government to a regional scale, so as to accord with the wider move- ment of social and economic life." not to transfer to White-

THE CHINA MAIL, TUESDAY, MARCH 30, 1948.

WHAT TO DO ABOUT THE

Recent events in Czechoslovakia

have given.

Europe a fright.

Shocks of this sort are good for

people, from time to time.

It is good to be woken up with

RUSSIANS

"+

tries where their role has been roluced to that of impoteni spectators.

arc

NATION IN DEFEAT

By JOHN CARRUTHERS

It already seems odd that we should have Ambassadors in all a start, to be jerked out of the It is just 70 years since that cussed was one concerning which these capitals familiar rut, and to be forced to song swept the music-halls

where we never of we had definite, treaty obliga-hod Ambassadors · before, while scape. Lake B

a fresh view the land-London. It reflected a foolish and | tions.

we still refuse to replace the one irresponsible mood of self-con- "This must never be allowed to whom we withdrew from Madrid But Fright, though an effective fidence—"We've got the ships, happen again. Now, while the awakener, is a foolish counsellor we've got the men, we've got the nations are exhausted; now, while only dictator of whom wo

though Franco were the and, having performed the useful money too"

everybody desires peace above not afraid. office of drawing up the blində, Whatever other repetitions his-all; now, before the final treaties should be dismissed to his pro-tory may have in store for us, it ❘ are drawn, now let us assert our-farther, having heard the opinion It may be that we should go per quarters in the lower Te seems certain that neither that selves. gions.

of Dr. Bencs, and insist upon the song, nor any song like it, wil "Let us thrust our arms deep elections that were forthcoming just under 3,250,000 people were When Germany" split open, People who have put off tak- over again appeal to London Into that melting pot and take in Czechoslovakia being held un- ing betion for too long some-audiences.

everything out of if that we can der International supervision, in uncovered who had been rounded Ulmes end by taking it too quick- Palmerston was the statesman lay our hands upon, so that in order that the people should be the Nazis and sent to can- ly, and their last state is worse who perhaps knew Russia future we shall be in a stronger given an opportunity of making bour centres. Many had suffered contration camps and forced la- He than their first.

would stand no nonsense position to maintain our rights plain their opinion. There are some who, having from her, but be was never and to resist interference."

agony, many more were sick and ignored until recently that there afraid of her. The reason he was Is there anything very Ma-

diseased. All were hungry and existed a Rusalan menace to not afraid was because he was chiavellian, very incomprehen- Europe, are now inclined to think there exists, nothing else in the world, and that something drastic must be done about it in the next 24 hours.

calmer

best,

By Sir DUFF COOPER

the

Others who foresaw this menace bofore it had come into being, who warned the Govern ment that such a menace would probably follow the end of war, and who have watched Ja wo growth during the past

As carly as 1835 we find him three years, can take a

view writing: "We and the Russians and are better qualiiled to form are just as we were, snarling at other, an accurate estimate of its state each other, hating cach but neither wishing for at the present moment. The first thing to

And a few years later he wrote remember An about the Russian menace is that again. "Russia is always pushing it is nothing new. During nearly on as for and as fast as she can war, but whenever the whole century that divides go without

she finds that perseverance the Battle of Waterloo from the encroachment will lead to fore- Retreat from Mons-that is

resistance. she will puli

convinced that, difficult as Russians were to deal with, the one thing they were most anxious the to avoid was war.

io

10

say, from the time that France ble censed to be the chief enemy of up." England until Germany became

Russia occupied that position. Much may be learnt from the study of Anglo-Russian relations during that period, which covers the whole reign of Queen toria.

Foor and Hatred

Vic-

Russian Mentality

war.

in

These sentences were written more than 100 years ago. Are they less true today?

be

way is on

Plain Lesson But such a decision must de-afraid. pend upon more intimate know- Many of them had parts of un- ledge of the situation than any thinkable bravery, and their outalder can possess. Concerning gratitude was pathetic. The one methods of procedure there may thought of these people was to much argument, but that get home without the waste of n strong and frm measures are precious second, needed there can be no doubt, Today it is the other Weakness in the face of aground: oll the emphasis they greasion only encourages the ag-staying away from home.

agressor until he advances so far: Latest figures show that since

that If this be a correct, and it does This

he can no longer retreat the war's end we have managed Is the one plain lesson of to got at least 1,800,000 of those not seem an unreasonable,

ex- the whole sorry story

that D.P.s back home. Emigration has planation of the Russian attitude, culminated in the catastrophe of mopped up another: 30,000. it remains to be asked what our September 1938. If that lesson has attitude should be in response.

not been learnt there is cause for despair Indeed.

sibic, very Asiotle in such reaction to conditions as have existed since the end

the war?

Calm and Firm

must

But there still remains, scatter-

ed throughout the 358 camps in the Zone, a "hard coro" at more

It seems hard to believe that than 200,000 who have to be fed,

been made of

was

laboration with

I should, in the first place, be when no nation desires war war clothed, doctored, educated, and

may nevertheless come about. It amused. an attitude neither of rage nor is hard to believe, but it is true. pante. We should not be

By Subscription. very

Few men desire to

quarrel, but angry nor very frightened bo-fewer stlit succeed in avoiding International Refugee Organisa- This work is done by IRO (the cause the Russians have pursued quarrels all their lives. a policy which lack of previous

Mention has

tion, which took over from protest on our part has largely Anglo-Russian relations in the UNRRA In Germany) in col-

ged.

19th

the Displaced century. Only once in that Persons Branches of the Control be calm and firm. long epoch did latent hostility Commission at the But we should make it abundant deteriorate into open war.

Regional ly plain that, if they have not

Headquarters which administer That wor

called the the Zone. gone too far already, they

Crimean War and there never not go any farther,

During the financial year 1947- was a war that might have been So far as Czechoslovakia. is

1948 IRO will have seen to the more easily avoided. It was concerned-now that the Minis-wretched, tragic story from the spending of 25,615,000 in looking ter for Foreign Affairs has sought beginning, and none of the prin- has been voted to them by a sys- after this remnant. The money the liberty ho loved through the cipal belligerents was any only

channel that totalitarian better off for it at the end.

tem of international subscription tyranny leaves open-we should

Among the friendly Powers, and Britain was under Insist upon our Ambassador hav-werk Government. It was often

much of it goes on food. in freo access to the President of criticised on the ground that f The present official policy is the republic, and we should be stronger language had been used one of contraction. Small comps largely guided by the advice and a firmer line had been foure being closed down and the to bigger centres. our Ambassador offers, lowed before the war broke out

Inmates shifted which after consultation with Dr. there would have been no war tica will save in every way, In

By this contraction the authori Benes.

It was sald at the time If such access be refused, our contemporaries, and it has been food, In administration, in Allied Ambassader should be In-confirmed since by

staf, und in distributive costs. historians, met mediately withdrawn, and his that Lord Aberdeen's Government

By Choice withdrawal should be followed by "drifted into war."

Communist-controlled coun- dire direction again. →→

ot

not the Russian mentality icas complicated than we some- times Imagine? May they not argue thus: "Europe is in the melting pot. This is a state Fear and hatred of Russia can affairs that follows upon a great be traced throughout the litera-war. It occurs seldom, It has hap- hall (or to units appointed by ture of the time, persisting even pened once already in this cen and responsible for White- into the earlier works of Rurl- tury-after the other war. hall) functions which local yard Kipling, as readers of "Kim" "On that occasion we were not authorities have for years remember.

and "The Man That Was will asked to the party. Nobody con-

sulted us--and during carried on with a great mea- The "Jingolst" remains, but the years thirt followed

the 20 Centralisa-Gong that gave him birth is al-treated as outcasis.

most forgotten.

It began with "Only ten years ago there was the words "We don't want to an international meeting at Aght, but by jingo if we do...."

sure of success. tlon at once takes the heart. out of the local councils and

lays on Ministers and depart- mental officials a load heavier than they can bear.

In nationalised industry it is often assumed that a huge-

We

were

greatest European Powers Munich. The heads of the four

together.

Great

the

by

and the theme of the whole, con- tained in the refrain, was "The Russians shall not have Con- "Again we received no invita-those of our other Ambassadors May we never drift in such a stantinople."

tion, although the matter dis in

national monopoly is the only Raid On Renault

or the best form of organisa- tion. But in fact it is still

very doubtful what is the best Factory

size for an Industrial under- taking, whether in public or in private hands.

The fact is that living In Fance has never yet been a good

In the Gas Bill, Dr. Robson pointed out, the Minister of Fuel "has accepted the over-hut flattering. whelming arguments in favour of a number of re-

gional organs." On coal and transport a highly centralised control has been imposed. It is of the first importance that the working of these systems should be carefully studied in order to bring out clearly the relation between size and efficiency.

are

thing for occupation troops. I her things about our occupation forces there that

anything In any case, we have now been warned." It the English should' undertake similar raids in the

Goebbel Diary

future, we would know how to meat them with the proper They described the Reich as counter-measures.

selt

in the

a

The Forged

But after nearly three years, how does it happen that there should be any "hard core" at all? The fact is that the D.P. pure and simple went home long ago. Nearly all the remainder, roughly a tenth of the original number, are political refugees with, three.

Moelders Letter courses open to thei

Either they can go home to-" morrow and take whalever is, or weapon of Parliamentary dissolu- is not, store for them there, or tion,

they can apply for emigration Undoubtedly Churchill would under one of the many receiving on top in an election schemes now being worked by since it would be impossible for the Allied Governments.-

lf-and it is a big fl-they can reasons of national policy to con-

come out

duct a rigorous election campaign satisfy the doctors, they can start against

him. But this may new, life in a new country. change overnight.

Cosy Lives.. The situation in England has

The third available choice is become so fluid that one cannot that of staying on in Germany prophesy anything about"the fu- and being absorbed into the Ger

Lure.

The forged Moeldors letter to going German-Not-an-invit

man economy. In other words a (Catholic) dean in Stettin

being passed around secretly ting thought in 1948. the entire Catholic and Protestant ciale

Many of the experienced off

administering them, think world. I am going to see to it that they have been allowed to that one of the clergymen who

circulated this letter be summenhang about from day to day ro- ed into court and that the dean on

ceiving

preferential help for too

be made to say under oath that and that it would be in their own best futorests if they he never, received much a lotter had to decide at what they from Moelders....

once

.

No, 1 Ace

mean to do.

What is not opinion but hard

fact is that there is much in their

{Werner Moelders was the No. Ilves to distract and demoralise

i nee of the Luftwaffe. An them. ardent Catholic, ho protested

that a of the Torles is working for, a fight the rebellious factions book we written in the space believe that certain of the small

veritable paradise.. It's no longer Undoubtedly the English made difficult to hire new hands, prestige. Mr. Churchill needs a this sally only for reasons of At The Leash victory and of course is going to March 2, 1942: The Americana make terrific sensation of the are now straining at the leash. Parachute landing.,

They demand energetically that Stafford Cripps is making him- the English - open a second" front

more conspicuous. In a and start an offensive. But that study, as Dr. Rob- rádio broadcast

he appealed to

to But nobody seems

know. son says, involves a further the workers ofEurope to go slow quite where the English are to question. What is "efficiency" on their work,

attack. Some plead in favour of We don't take any notice of it attempting an Invasion The in a public service?

It la difficult to pose a counter-west; others are for an, attack on creation of suitable yardsticks slogan to such a slogan, for the Italy, for the measurement of public slogan of "go slow"

All these possibilities have no... always services is urgently required, much more effective than that of turally been taken into considera-

"work fast," he says, "if we are to draw

tion by our war leaders, and wa It is best to kill such a thing would give the English a warm the right conclusions from the with silence.

Only nobody knows as yet how violently when the Nazi Party: to work or not as they feel in

At present it is easy for them reception were they to come. many experiments now being The Manchester Guardian ad- March 3:. I have received a to do that practically.

after the great raid of Muenstor clined, and there are thousands made." What yardsticks mits that morale in England was secret report on the situation in Churchill, of course,

len't in 1941, seized a convent in which about as low as possible [have we? Financial success the reshufling of the Cabinet

before London, from which it appears

thinking of entering into any sort bis sister was a nun. On another of dyed-in-the-wool bad hats. lending extremely cosy lives on was never a safe guide, even I am now convinced

beyond doubt that a large section of discussion with us. He can occasion he was reported to have the proceeds of the German

entered his name in the for private enterprise; an crisis of dangerous

guast Pinck Market proportions separate peace with Germany. the Tories with the dangerous of some prominent club and undertaking might run at a existed during these days in Lon-

It takes a lot of faith to have to don,

for profit and yet leave behind it.

protession or business," "Night a trail of broken lives which

1805 [try who claim that a return to pirate,'

urged to change hele homes would be equivalent .When showed it the reverse of

ho is said to have replied: to suicide have really very much The RAF flers are always reason to be frightened. efficient in social terms. Nor

Privi is volume of production by

called 'night pirates' in the officged life in Germany may well communiques isn't that be more exciting then insecurity itself a reliable criterion; one

what I am when I fly to Eng-at home. may get high production on, wasteful terms.

such

CARNIVAL

e4-

One nover learns about things until much later.

The English people show fan-

national stic

discipline, they want to keep to themselvca pecially in wartime. Anything simply doesn't get out,

At Last!

Listening to enemy and neutral broadcasts in Italy has been for- bidden. At last! At Inst! The enemy stations did lots of harın In Italy.

Systems can be devised of HONGKONG | measuring the value of com- modities produced against a composite of such factors as man-hours spent in produc- We must make fairly, extensive tion, the cost in wages and preparations for the new har- salaries (for it is as inefficient We are in a dilemma in- to carry too great a burden of expensive executives as to employ too many labourers); and the cost of plant and raw material used; there is room for great developments in the arts of the statistician, one of the keystones of modern in- dustrialism.

CNAC

husbands are in the services re asmuch a farmers' wives whose celve such high allotments that they don't care to work.

They would rather go to the their hair waved nearest large town and

to

have

the

I therefore propose that, while continuing allotments wives of acrvicemen, we do not pay them out, but deposit them But statistics in savings accounts which can't are only a tool. To give usé be touched until after the war. ful results they must be Anyway, these women, who applied with independent never had much money, In their hands before, pro simply being judgment, candour, and dis- spalled by what they How re interested zeal.

celve. A good accountant applies They are getting used to. R these qualities now to the standard of living that won't finances of a private under-war. That will only make them be able to keep Up after the taking; it is important that dissatisfied. They must be kept they should not be lost in the to their work, konkretn wider sphere of social accoun-home leave to Polish farm and Our giving @averal wooks* tancy. It will be in no small factory head, which stirred up measure to Professor Robson's such a rumpus, has been an ex- students that we shall look, in traordinary success: from a pro- the coming years, to deviso Paganda: viewpoint H and apply the yardsticks worked in the Beich aid plenty The Polish, labourére a who which he demands.

Moof, tüking (whth, that' at Jasino

By Dick Turner

dán you say, mother isn't aware that you pay tha rent when she tries an hard to make you feel this is your

cial

lund?"

"The so-called "forged lotter”

WEB

Also,

The Good Core

a document purporting to All the same, there are in the. bave been written to his confes- camps a huge number of remark- sor, in which, it was claimed, he ably fine people whose reasons severely criticised the Govern- for waiting are beyond reproach ment.

and who would be an asset to any (Moelders died in an airplane | community lucky enough to get accident over Breslau on Novem-kham,

ber

22, 1041, and there were The Baltic peoples have an many rurnours. that his death especially good record-gay, do- was not accidental.]......... Scent, and industrious,

March 4:

there has Again

And it is hard work to keep beer an assassination in Paris. A those qualities in a D.P.

camp. German guard was shot to death Life there does, nobody any, good. [^\/Tha-futore"ís» tricky, thè part in the street.

The new military commander a nightmare, and the present had 20 Communists shot imme-something of a mess, diately and threatened to have

an additional 20 Communists and [17730, NET

Jews, whose names are published, moral law, and if he doesn't do executed it the culprit is not that he will suffer the CONSC- found. 2N

quences: LA LAMA,

That's the method I prop

proposed.

If rigorously applied it will lead Renault Roid ́

(to visible results.

- March":65] The bomb raid on

Jannlags Emil Jannings, the Paris (Renault factory) is the Alm actor] has turned out, to be | mất : sonsational lavent of the a little political slanderer. He day ko promote co claimed that an anti-Nazi demon-r its extent was for greater than stration had taken place in his at first imagined. The number studio, Me, YANG #

of casualties is given differently When I had this matter looked by diferent i sources, Chut. It is into it developed that he "made cortain that there are at least GOD' this ofälen muroly: because, ho was dondo

| envious of a-baiter actores Marmaro KAPLANKTONIKLOSEU

Lack of 1,000

* 1 sont him on serious warning, dead and several thousand in-

and made it quite clear to him jured. SENTOSANTREN

that I will not tolerkia Dim as we are kiloluna din vaha | fors (who spread foolish "nisd silly "eldent to the utmost in our pass Tumours, many JALANANE MES. paganda la TERROR, KeKerr, Jannings is to maberilt to

national code Met

f

#