1948-03-04 — Page 8

Page B

THE CHINA MAIL, THURSDAY, MARCH 4, 1948.

by Campbell Tile Co.

Early delivery of

WALL TILES N

FLOOR TILES

Daniel Platt & Co.

BRASS FITTINGS Chisholm Gray & Co.

ELECTRIC:

COOKERS

IRONS

FIRES

KETTLES

Falco Electrical

ENGINEERING PAGE

THE

Appliances Ltd.

CHROMIUM PLATED BATH & LAVATORY

WHITE & COLOURED BATHROOM SUITES

FITTINGS

Cockburn & Co.

Cockburn & Co.

Agents:

CARTER & SUTTON

Manufacturers' "Agents

236A. Hong Kong & Shanghai Bank Building

Telephone: 28904.

For delivery of

TWYFORDS LTD.

Sanitary Fixtures

Apply to

·D. CARTER

234A HONG KONG & SHANGHAI BANK BLDG.

Telephone 28904,

CARTER & SUTTON

INDUSTRIAL AND COMFORT

Air Conditioning

Engineers.

236A HONG KONG & ☛SHANGHAI BANK BLDG.

Telephone 28904.

and television.

missile,

12

ROMANCE OF STEEL: ITS CREATION OF AN

witnessed

11

From a Paper Read To The

Kowloon Rotary Club By

P.B. PARK

AGE

ol

In this are, of

There is little doubt that this present period of time will go

Hearth Furnaces are KOR fred and for economical. and to Д down in history, as the "Steel

certain extent, technical reasons Age". During this present cen-

must be cperated continuously. tury, yet barely half woy through we have

This poroviso again led to the development in the early part of truly amazing array of engineer-

the present century of yet en- ing achievements, Outstanding technique of steel manufacture. [mushrooms all around Shefell, other method of making amongst these are the motor-car, particularly with regard to

liquid the and Sheffield soon became world-steel, namely the Electric Fur- motor-boal and neroplane, each discovery and development of famous for its Crucible Steel, nace Process, the chief advantage with it ever-increasing Derfor numerous special-purpose. steels. which was the name given to this of which was that furnaces mance of reilability, endurance, The art it melting Iron Ore is new material. The fact

that this type could be started up and speed and yet more speed, whilst one of great antiquity

and we geologically South Yorkshire con- shut down at any time. at the same time civilization is know that it was criginally proc-sints largely of a alliceous rock, process the charges A marvelling at the apparentlysed by the Egyptians and In-locally known as Millstone Grit, course melted by electricity, and Ilmilless range and possibilities dians over 2000 years ago. The which made, and still makes, an the furnaces are smaller, usually of radio-telegraphy radio-teleparhymethods and equipment employed excellent refractory medium for from 5 to 10 tons capacity, chiefly then were naturally, in the light making the cruicibles, is really owing to difficulties in the con- Equally spectacular. though of modern progress, extremely the reason why Sheffield became struction of the furnace roofs perhaps not equally beneficial, crude, and even up to less than the earliest.

and

subsequently, which have to be pierced for the Ang been the progress made in 200 years ago, the product re- the most famous steel-making admission of the electrodes. By the development of numeroussulting from such crude smelting centre of the world,

virtue of its Dexibility of opera- engines of war, such as the mine, operation was in many ways very It was at one time presumedtion the Electric Furnace, Process forpedo, tank field gun, anti-air- || unsatisfactory and unreliable that the Sheffield water possessed Is the ideal one for the intermit- craft gun and now the guided This was mainly because with some secret virtues which har tent production of steel, and con the furnaces and fucks then avail- dened the new steel as it was requently it is much used in steel able, sufficient heat could not be quenched, and several instances foundries, and as some of you maintained to keep the furnace are reorded of barrels of water probably know, we have a battery charges liquid or molten and from the River Sheat being of four such electric furnaces In the final product had to be with shipped to America, but this sup- our steel foundary at Kowloon drawn from the furnace in Д postion has long been proved a Docks, pasty semi-solid mass which nu fallacy. This Cruciblo Proccas turally contained much slag and the original method of producing the furnace charge whilst it is non-metallic impurities. This liquid steel, remained the only still molten, many different kinds product was consequently called method for nearly 100 years, and of steel can be produced. This Wrought Iron, becouse being in- from this Crucible Cast Staclis' the art of steel-making and sufficfently fluid to pour or "cast" the finest tools at every descrip- the scope seems to be unlimited into moulds, the pasty mass hadtion were made, and England, since new steels are being pro- to be hammered "wrought" particularly Shefeld, achieved duced almost every year, There into bars. This then Was thelasting world-wide reputation in are now very many different standard material wh' h had to consequence, Unfortunately this kinds of Ordinary or Plain Car- inellaeval and middle ages. suffice for the needs of the process had one serious limita bon Steels, cach which is the Lion, which was that owing to the designed to suit some special pur material of which were made the size of the crucibles only small pose. By adding varying per- coats of mail and armour of the quantities of liquid steel-between centages of other elements, such Knights of old, the swords of the 80 and 100 could be pro-as Nickel. Chromium, Tungsten, Crusaders and the iron bands of duced at one melt.

Vantidium, and Molybdenum-to the village blacksmiths,

Bessemer

mention but a few-Special Huntsman

Alloy Steels are produced, some if which possess very unusual and valuable characteristics.

(Continued on Page 9)

But how generally is it known or appreciated that not one of these engineering achievements could have been possible except for the progress made in the

New Building Material

the

or

It was left to an engineer named Hepry Bessemer to find a way out of this difficulty. About the

QUALITY FITTING,

by

GIBBONS

By varying the composition of GILMANI & COMPANY LTD.Į.

ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

TELEPHONE

31148

SWISS-BALLAR

от

DRAFTING MACHINES

Detail have now been, published building of a revolutionary new material developed in Britain.

Known as "Pyrog" it is inade from line, comment and vermiculite mica obtained in South Africa) and has the outstanding asset that it ran be sprayed.

This means, in effect, Bart of mechanical plastering When the mix is sprayed on up to tight inches thick it sets sufficiently

50 minutes to be mechanically This, briefly. was the state of compressed to a smooth finish. After affaire until about the end of the three hours it can De painted. 18th century, and it was due to year 1850 Bessemer startled the "Pyro

is, incidentally, cheaper the ingenuity and preseverance of steel world by announcing that than plaster,

un obscure craftanian, that a he could not only convert" liquid Collectively the other advantages vastly superior material was pig-iron into steel but that he

till

about more heational, "Pyroe" eventually produced

the could do it without using fuel of being non-shrinking and non-crack-year 1770. This genius Was alany description! This sounded

will stick to metal or timber as

man named Hunteman, and his more impossible, then thun per- well as to brick, Sprayed on ligh business was making clocks in the haps it does to you now, but wire mesh it

it gives a strong wall." small town of Doncaster in South Bessemer was right, because he, One can drive naite Ines "Pyrog this Wrought Iron, which he was blown through molten pigiran, changeable wall coverings are Yorkshire. Huntsman found that had found out that when air was Importing from Sweden-at that all the impurities were oxidisedi

340

crew

or cut

Colour In Hospital

Hospital rooms with

pitol in

Inter

tons

yellow have replaced the deadly Model § 5 b for Horisontal Board 2′ 3′′. monotony of white walls for the monotony

Bole Importers The hospital staff ntted out a

HK$450.60 HK$480.00

LTD

the

I,

York Building

Chater Road

it with an e ew into it or dinary saw. It is

is as re-resistani as several inches of concrete. When it time the best procurable-made or "burnt out, and that sufficient giving colour relief to bed-rid in sprayed a quarter of an inch thick very unsatisfactory clock springs, heat was evolved as a result of den patients at the veterans hos- because It had not sufficient these reactions to keep the re- on timber and biaw lamps are apspringiness. He thought that if sultant steel in a perfectly, fluid green, blue, peach and "sunny" Model 8 4 b for Horisontal-Board-2"

Oakland, California. Soothing combinations of soft plied it takes five or six hours for he could melt it up, he could condition. This completely the timber begin to char. It never perhaps add something which Volutionised the steel industry bursts into flame.

"Pyroe" has been upproved by the springy, and thus made and In a few years large Besse

It springy. With great ingenuity nier Converters-up to 30 National Physical Laboratory olhe secretly fashioned mnall clay capacity-were operating success Great Britain and is how undergoing pots or crucibles, charged them fully at his works in Sheffield. 28-room ward with chintz drapes U. SPALINGER & CO tests at the Government's Building with Bome of the Swedish This, of course, enabled Jarge made to be easily movable from Research Station. Although nothing Wrought Iron, and by burying castings and forgings to be made room to another. The cornice definite can yet he said on cons them in charcoal and

Dasibly und fer a while Bessemer Steel boards were painted blending col. mercial production it is hoped that coke made incandescent with an filled a much needed want and ours to harmonize_with mass supplies may be available with- Improvised air-blast, he succeed-achieved great popularity. How various drape "colour." in six to 12 months."

ed in rendering the contents ever, it was gradually discovered Sa now the veteran in his bed molten. During

this

operation that although a great deal, can ace á "new" room every - some of the charcoal

Inweek, instead of having the same coke, fact the majority, of Bessemer old solid white walls to store at. which is nearly pure, Carbon, got Steel was very satisfactory, occa blown into the pots, and be sionally some of it exhibited very chosen for each room, giving "an Upholstered easy chairs were found, much to his amazement, poor. physical qualities. This that when his molten metal had was eventually found to be due air of casual comfort instead of been poured out or "ens!" solidifted, that he had at last a oxide, which was the direct re- The colour therapy programme and to the presence of dissolved iron the cold formality usually found

In hospitals. hard and springy material, Hesult of over-oxidization caused by was financed, by contributions, had in fact produced what today "over-blowing" the steel, As would be called a spring sieel this time this danger could only ados

from American Legion posts, and he thenceforward achieved be controlled by visual means Ladies Auxiliary of the Jewish of the Moose and tha a considerable reputation with (nowadays a "spectroscopic eye" War Veterans-United Press. his clocks. His success gave rise can be utilised), Bessemer Steel

PRESTCOLD

SERVICE CABINETS

Overall dimensions:

Model SC. 152

43" wide x 25" deep x

084" high...

Internal dimensions: 371" wide x 18" deep x '40" high

Net capacity 15 cubic feet, External panels of steel bon derleed, Anished with durable white synthetic • chamel,'i Welded construction throughout.

The interiors consist of one-piece "heavy" "gauge steel liners finished in white porcelain enamel, with rounded corners andir, neid=" resisting @bases.

ICE-MAKER AND COOLING UNIT,-- Six ice trays giving. 12 lb. of ice per freezing.

CRISPATOR.-A "crispator" drawer of porcelain enamelled steel for the storage of salads, etc., is suspended on runners on the lower shelf. DRIP TRAY.--A large drip of porcelain enamelled steel is provided: This can be used also for the storage of fish,

**

or

·

at

to a great deal of jealousy and began to be regarded with consi- speculation, and the story goes derable suspicion,

which I am afraid is authentic Open Hearth

that certain Sheffield men deter- mined to obtain his secret at all costs.

Secret Stolen

These circumstances gave a considerable Allip to the experi ments of two other engineers who were working on the production One of their number, happily of liquid steel in bulk on entirely history does not record his name, different lines. These gentle- disguised as a beggar, loitered men, after many costly reverses, outside Huntsman' little factory were eventually successful as a on a particularly bleak wintry result of which the well-known night, and begged to be allowed Siemens-Martin Process (named inside for warmth- and shelter. after the co-inventors), and per- Huntsman, who must have been haps still botter known as the a kind hearted man. permitted Open Hearth Process, made its the pseudo-beggar to enter and appearance about 1888. sleep by his melting furnace, process rapidly became the stan However, the beggar slept with dard method of producing-steal ne eye open, saw everything In large quantities and today that transpired and left next furnaces of 50 to 100 tons capa morning for Shefield with the city are found in moet steel secret in his possession,

works, and probably 80% of the From that time onwards small world's output of teella today melting shops appeared like produced. By this method. Open

INDUSTRY'S

Handiest

LITTLE MACHINES

Wolf

FAR FAST ASSOCIATED MERCHANTS LTD.

Distribut

REISS BRADLEY & CO. LTD.

Bole Agenda-

THE JARDINE ENGINEERING CORPORATION LTD

Tel. 26774.*

HARRIMAN REALTY CO., LTD.

·REAL ESTATE BROKERS AND VALUERS ·· "COME TO US FOR ADVICE":

ALL TYPES INDUSTRIAL & DOMESTIC PROPERTIES

AVAILABLE 3 Connaught Road, Tel: 33802, Telegrama "Ha

GE.C. Radio

A RADIO-TELEPHONE SYSTEM

manufactured by

THE GENERAL ELECTRIC CO., LTD., OF ENGLAND.

has been ordered at a cost of £300,000 ***

to safeguard the new 800-mile oil pipe-line which will span desert from the Persian Gulf to the Mediterranean.

G.E.C. V.H.F. RÁDIO COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT. will be employed, similar to that already supplie Kong, and to Police, Fire, Ambulance, and Harbour Serv other parts of the world.

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MANUFACTURERS OF RELIABLE-

THE BRITISH

GENERAL ELECTRIC CO., LTD