1947-08-07 — Page 8

Page: 8

"YORK"

REFRIGERATION AND

AIR CONDITIONING EQUIPMENT

Sole Agents:

THE JARDINE ENGINEERING

CORPORATION LTD.

14-16 PEDDER STREET, HONG KONG.

TELEPHONE 30311

PRODUCTS OF

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WORLD-FAMED SPECIALISTS IN ENGINEERS®

PRECISION MEASURING

INSTRUMENTS

OPTICAL, ELECTRICAL AND MECHANICAL

TAYLOR, TAYLOR & HOBSON' LTD. Lelcester, England.

THE CHINA MAIL, THURSDAY, AUGUST 7, 1947.

ENGINEERING PAGE FUEL AND THE FUTURE High-Octane Petrol Will Mean More Miles To The Gallon

►

Multi-Coloured Aluminium

Big Future

new British process for producing multi-colour aluminium goes Into, large-scale production next September with the opening of a new fac tory by Altons Ltd. in Newhouse, Lanarkshire. The new plant will be able to feature-aluminium, déspita ila. handle the largest aluminium ( tremendous strongth and fough=" sheets. It will also be possible near has only one-third. The to reproduce patterns. in ro weight of sted. plica or effects in similar but not identical pattern auch as marbling.

A big future has been pro- As a result of some years of actually is not so, as if these the rubbing speed will also be octane fuels. What gives ono Pool petrol Britain is no longer fuels were used in an engine greater.

The manufacturers have for phesied for multicolour alumi food for thought is that a fuel some time been applying the nium as a means of interior fuel conscious. We drive on correctly designed for, say, 80- V-8 Engines

economy between 35 and 40 por process with considerable auc- and exterior house decoration.. our way with our enginca octane fuel there would be no It is, therefore, not improbable cent is clairied for this export cess to a wide range of pro- Not only is aluminium the only "pinking" to a greater or lesser increase of power or m.p.g. But that those extent when we have to open they do allow more power and produce straight-eight engines high-octane fuel.

manufacturers who mental power unit on its special ducts. Those include, bealdes metal that can be dyed in fast furnishings and furniture, auch colours; these colours do not the throttle somewhat suddenly, greater economy to be obtained will turn over to the V-eight

Items and when we come to rest and from an engine of the same size, arrangement, attracted by the

Nothing Done

as costume jewellery, fade or scratch since the dye- Meanwhile In this country fancy goods, o'ectric. Area, fire- Ing process has a case harden. switch off as likely as not our although it would have a higher much shorter crankshaft, if little or nothing is being done, places and architectural fittings, ang effect upon the meta!

We appear to be saddled Inde- Two important advantagea of Products of multicolour finitely with Pool petrol of low these products is that they are aluminium also retain their octane rating. Hints and oven unbreakable and proof against brightness and do not corrode, promises of an improved grade scratches vermin. Light a duster being sufficient to, re

engines continue to "run.on,"

By A.G. Douglas Clease, BSc, AMI Mech E

10

Wire Recording

Most of our current mode] engines were, in fact, designed to run on the grade and quality of fuel which was in use when

of fuel have not been sub-weight is another important produce their original sheen. world war flamed out in 1939. That fuel had an octane rating)

stantiated. We still have petrol of about 80, whereas the present

ratloning, on the pler that Pool petrol octano rating is

petrol is obtained only by ex- only about 71. It is not neces-

pending dollars, but if this is so shall we one day suddenly sary to delve deeply into the compression ratio and might, as seems likely they decide find that Pool has overnight be- subject of octane rating, and also have different valves and to design for high-octane fuel. come metamorphosed into — or, how it is determined, for it is gas passages. sufficient for the present pur-

The six-cyclinder engine is rather, replaced. by -- high- American car manufacturers fesa difficult problem, but as octane? If so, we shall not bu pose to define it as a measure are taking serious notice of regards both of the fuel's anti-knock value. these fuel developments. They cyclinder engines there is an cars will not pink but they will eight and alxin a position to profit by it; our The higher the octane rating, are considering the many pro- other important point Is more not take full advantage of the the higher the compression ratio blems involved and are rede- power necessary for desirable? better fuel, which will probably which can be used in an engine signing engines completely. without "knocking" or "pinking" Perhaps it would be more cor-

By "more power" in meant in also be more expensive. * this instance a higher power. And what will happen in those supervening.

rect to say that they are de-weight ratio, Already American countries which America will! signing new engines for these cars have a high power-wieght one day supply with high-octane new fuels. There is much more ratio with a commensurate per fuel? British cars will be still merely raising formance, and it la questionable more inferior in the important

is desired whether any pronounced increase quality of power-weight ratio,

for the by

simple their average:

Tenson users.

that

to reduce engine size and yet for fuel of pre-war octane rat- But it would be possible designed for Pool or at the best American power units will be

retain the same ratio, and the same performance, Ing.

Bute

stresses

mcan

power-weight

Now a petrol engine is a heat engine, and the higher the tem- LEICESTER. England | peraturo which is developed as in it thon

a result of combustion, the more the compression ratio of the power which will be givan.] existing design and possibly also As the temperature will be giving it larger valves and an higher as the compression pres-caster gas flow so that it may increased, it follows that, "breathe" adequately at higher greater power 1g obtainable crankshaft speeds. when the compression ratio la Higher compression ralaed. Unfortunately, the com- and more r.p.m.

ratios by designing the power unit to which British. cars excel, fuel . Moreover, in the quality in presalon ratio which can be use greater

that operate on high octane fuel. It fully employed depends on the taken by pistons, connecting line of development were follow improvement of 85 or 40 per have to be would not be surprising it this economy, the U.S. vehicles will quality of the fuel available rods, crankshafts and bearings, ed, because there have been cent in fuel economy means that no longer bo behind. For an that is, on its anti-mock value. A straight-cight crankshaft, for some indications since the war an American car now giving 20 word is necessary hero to example, is apt to be long and of a tendency to reduce engine m.p.g. will "in the predictable make it quite clear that when slender compared with a four-size in the U.S. more power is obtained by virtue! throw shaft; it is, therefore, not of raising the compression it re- so well adapted for resisting time the high-octane fuel and

futuro" of high-octane fuel be at the present giving 27 or 28 m.p.g. aults not from some mysterious both factors in the engine itself but stresses. Yet it is doubtful, if in the production stage,

bending and torsional the now engine, designs are not used alcohol-blonded fuels re- Those who before the wor from the fuel, The higher it doubtful if it can be sulffened new fuels are, however, sald to anti-knock, qualities. Alas! the The member that they had good compression is only the means by making it relatively shorter be "in the predictable future" future for such fuels is not rosy by which greater power is ex-without introducing other pro and the new engine to ultilize because the economic situation tracted from the fuel. The im- blema. Bearings must be of them are beyond the drawing-| virtually puts them out of court. portant point is that greater adequate area, fuel economy also results. This designers do not

and naturally board stage. Indeed, the re on the matter of coat. The raw make cranksearch department of one of the materials from which alcohol is seems obvious when one con- shafts and longer than they canj largest manufacturers has an made are in short supply or are siders that the increase in power help. To comes primarily from the fuel, without reducing bearing length stage. This engine has a com while their cost has also risen.

the shaft engine running in the road-test wanted for but it is important

other to realize is probably not feaalble. Like pression ratio of 12.8 to 1 and In countries where alcohol is purposes, that not only speed and accelera- wise to keep the shaft the same is said to be as tion are greater, but also the length but to make it sturdler operation as one of the standard motor fuel it is only made smooth in blended with petrol for uso na miles per gallon.

alno introduces difficulties. If 1947 engines. It is, of course, possible by bearing diameter. Is increased 'running on one of the

subsidizing the high-home produced alcobol.

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In the U.S. fuels are being developed for normal use with octane values approaching 100. These fuels do not in themselves give more power or m.p.g.; that may seem to be a contradiction of the preceding paragraph, but

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Australia Enters Machine

Tool Industry

face grinder of 6-Inch by 18-| inch capacity, and a tip-tool wheels for 6-inch diameter. lapping machine with diamond Immediate Delivery Immediate delivery can be

The entry of Australia into the machine tool in- dustry comes in a period when the demand for machine tools has Increased in a number of countries which formerly were able to supply given of ruler drilling machines their limited needs by importing from Europe of 24-inch by 1%-inch capacity; and America Australia herself is using ma- Milro capstans of 4-inch capa chine tools on an unprecedented scale for her ferent capacities, the half-inch, city; drill-chucks of three dif own expanded engineering industry; she is al- tho -inch, ready exporting certain types; shortly she will inch; dial gauges, with readings and the quarter- be able to meet overseas orders for a wide from one-thousandth, half of range of appliances, small and heavy. Machine tool

one-thousandth, and manufacture The Commonwealth can now thousandth; bobbing machines, one: ten- was one of Australian Indus produce toole of every one of in three sizes from small watch- try's most spectacular wartime the 80 or so types used in in- gears up to about 24-inch dia- developments, both for muni dustry. tions and for commercial pur strong in the manufacture of of "Number Zero" size; lathes She is particularly meter; horizontal boring mills poses, and what at the outbreak engine-lathes, of all sizes from of 5%-inch diameter, of war was one of the country's twenty-inch centres down to the greatest weaknesses became a amallest, Australian-made major element of her industrial drilling machines come in a

Delivery in the near future. strength. A

There had been some produc- cat types, up to two-inch drill centres; varidrive lathes of In- mora limited number of verti- can be given of bevel lathes; tion of machine tools before ing capacity, Precision-grindinitely variable speeds, with 8- geared-head; lathea of 8-inch the war-perhaps 200 or 800 ing machinery is locally made inch centros; underneath-drive units were manufactured in a in surface, cylindrical, tool and lathes, six speeds, for allding, good year. There were three cutter types, with a number of surfacing and major firms, one producing smaller universal machines with &-inch centres; 49 Inches. lathes and two producing pow Crank-shaping machines are between centres. Later, shap screw-cutting, or presses. Quality was high, made in two sizes, 18-inch and ing machines will be available output small. Prowar, Govern- 24-Inch; ment factories had also turned machines are made up to 8-inch and cutter grindore, half-inch stroke. Hacksawing for export, aso hacksaws, tool out milling and grinding, aur capacity drilling machines.

face-grinding, thread-milling Other favoured types. manu-

and drilling machines. Therofactured are plane milling ma-

were also a few small firms, chiries, cutting-tools," gauges,

Near Future

producing goods of fair quality, tapping machines, grinding Teletype

War Needs wheels, toolmakers' micro-

To meet war needs, factories scopes, and a greatly extended Transmission

of every type and size were con range of tradesmen's hands

verted to machine tool manu- todia,

facture regardless of coat, and of the classes mentioned

Met Record

at the peak of War production above, manufacturers have a The US Army claims

there were over hundred range of driking machines al cord in teletype transm

manufacturera,,,

tilities ended; sons

chine tools had

Imports from

Into ronis

ready available for export.) single,10,667,

Overseas orders are copted for

Jac from Tokyo, ta

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