1946-11-12 — Page 4

CHINA MAILI

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THE CHINA MAIL, TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 12, 1946.

THEY MAPPED THE BATTLEFIELDS

}

Patrols crawling across "no, mobile map-production, unit | the governing factors in map man's land" edged as near as serving with advanced corps production while in the type they could to the German defen-headquarters averaged 5,000 † of work we have to do a certain maps ʼn day during the retreat amount of accuracy niust ces and then placed tiny re- 24354

flectors on the ground. Each from Benghazi. It moved back be sacrificed to speed, and, coat

reflector WOR composed off during the day and printed at Is relatively unimportant." seven prisms which returned night. The unit had two сар- Copying of maps involves a light from any angle along the tured German ambulances which grent amount of photographic exact patli by which It came were used as drawing offices.werk, a good deal of which had A torch would then be shone But there was only one set of ] to be due by soldiers who were onto the reflectors in such a wheels. As they retreated one ignorant of the finer points. way that the light was invial would be sent back 25 miles, ble to the Germans but was jacked up and the wheds sent capable of locating the special reflectors at distances tip to 6,000 yards.

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Thus were the German de- fences mapped at night under the very eyes of the German sentries. It was just another of the joba undertaken by Army aurvey units whose job it was to put battlefields on paper. For D-day they prepared over 120,- 000,000 maps which if stacked would have make a pile 12 miles high.

Those operations were con- trolled by a Central Directorate of military survey at the. War

was

By LIEUT

Ti

S.E. WEBSTER

and

Mr. Erian Smith of the Minis try of Supply succeeded in making automatic developers and printers in which enrrest exposures anel development times were determined measuret mechanically. All that back to the other one. This was the soldier had to do was press done all the way to Cairs where a button and remove the pro the police were puzzled by the cessed negative or print. T sudden appearance of a wheel-speed the actual conving ther less ambulance jacked up in the main thoroughfare.

One of the vehicles ended its career wheel-less In a depot where it remained. for a long time because no one could move it. The other; plus the wheels, became a unit "passion wagon." Mobile printing lorries were

used in every theatre from France

their

built a vingt developer enabl of dealing with rolls of f 26 inches wide and, th vard- long at i rate of eight feet: minute.

Mr. 1.0. McIntosh. of th war Office Cartographic unit invented a brechanisma

which produced printed lettering for mabs in rny size simply by pressing a button.

the United States than in Europe. Despite reassuring state- ments in recent weeks from such varying quarters as Joseph Stalin,

the former " British Foreign Secretary, Mr. Anthony Eden, American public opinion remains in a highly volatile state. Walter Winchell's recent broadcast, cit-

Office. This organisation ing Gen. Charles de Gaulle's off expanded from its pre-war size the-record opinion, that another hy over 200 per cent and every

Burma, In New Delhi

The setul printing of mans war would break out before the theatre had its own source of a unit worked at full pressure may involve the use of ten riad of 1916, was taken seriously map. Sometimes the survey in a shade temperature of 126 different colours in order that by a considerable section of the units had att international degrees. So hot was it that they features and cut. Each of American public. And in many

flavour about them with had to put Isinglasa in the these col:urs must be drawn out separutely on a 'Wifferent sheet quarters, this prophecy was held Frenchmen, South Africans, water to make it wet

Americans, Indians and British photographic plates. The print-on non-nist.rting material so responsible for the slump working side by side. And ing ink just ran like water. that there is ten times as much Wall Street. Reassuring state-

sometimes, too, the War Office

After Dunkirk the Director work as might at first appear. ments about the impossibility of

to render valuable ate of military survey did more When the drawings are com- war have failed to convince the assistance to the

was able

RAF in mapping of France than French plete they are photographed American public. And the general map-making.

surveyors had done in the pre-by giunt cameras, transferred farmosphere of fear and uncer- Each

20 years. campaign presented ceding

Our maps to printing cylinders which tainty is accentuated by all the new problema. For the North became renowned throughout crerprint in different coloured current discussions about the arom African

15,000,000 the world for their accuracy, inks. The finished map which fandings homb,

In America, there is a maps were wanted. About 9, and the Germans were

often helped you to victory in the far krener realization than exists 600,000 were supplied by the glad to use them in preference desert, Europe or the Far East The to their own when they could represented the combined ser- in Europe of the sinister and directorate in England. deadly implications of

rest came from America, but get hold of them. alomic

vice of surveyors, intelligence the maps

were the same in

services, air-photography, com- warfare and of the complet sizes, scales and detail.

putors, designers, copiers and failure of the United Nations

It was not always easy get

printers. Atomic Energy Commission to ting the data of out-of-the-way find any basis for agreement on spots. Luck and opportunity 1 plan of world control. Mean- played its parts. A badly needed while, it is interesting to consider map wanted for the Allied what view of the prospects of war landings on Madagascar was is taken by the great insurance copied from an original found companies and by Lloyds of on a drunken French sailor

Capetown.

*

Their reliance on our ac curacy was so complete that when a Western Desert map specially prepared for the enemy was "captured" at Ala- mein complete German armoured brigade became bog- ged down in soft sand by fol- lowing its directions:

· maps,

S. E. WEBSTER.

AN ANGLE

ON FOREIGN

AFFAIRS

By MORRIS HARRIS

CARNIVAL

By Dick Turner

Jak Dear COPR 1946 2

PAT, OFF

"This is the trouble with dining out in the evenings-it's always midnight before one gets home!".

War Tangles Over Nationality

By JOHN HILTON

peace few people have

In the normal conditions of reneral save.. Infinite complica to worry about their nationali-

cause tions can arise out of it Ly. They are British, and that is the end of it.

The shake-up of war makes problems about nationality most pressing and obvious. It is a pity that the whole. Business is so clouded with legal tech- nicalities and confused by lack of international agreement.

Naturally the great number of marriages during the war to members of every Allied thea zhe ceases to be British woman's angle on this ver acute. It has come, as a shock to many a woman to discover that she may immediately cease 4o be a British citizen.

By our present law she 're tains her British nationality only when she does not gain her husband's nationality on mar

This has

led to

countless

divorce, for example, You have,

Thurs is the cffect of a forsign

shall

we say, married an American who has gone off to discarded al the States and his responsiblities to you and possibly the children.

There is precious little chan- of law, of bringing him to book. ccs, with mur competing aystems

Suppose he divorces you in the United Stater-as he can pro bohly quite easily manage- are you. from that moment a single moman in this country?

country.

.

The War Office directorate London. You can effect a policyThe mapping of Japanese seduction unit. Said Lieut-Col. has its own cartographic pro- with Lloyds underwriters against cupied territory presented Dowson of the survey depart-

Not necessarily because in the outbreak of war within the special problem. Towards the ment; "We produce maps of

Amerien there are a lot of next three years, at the compara-end of the war a new technique all scales

and types-even

different States with their own ively modest rate of sixpence per of radar controlled air survey special maps of fortifications

divorce laws. If he slips out of sundred pounds. In other words was developed which enabled for which we supplied the basic

his own State and gets . d Lloyds are prepared to bet 4,000 maps to Le made from air map and the Intelligence, ser

divorce over the nearest border on rounds which his own to I against this contingency. In photographs without any pre vice produced, detalla to be

State dues not recognise, then contrast to this reassuring statistic, liminary survey of the ground. overprinted. We have made there is the extraordinary fact

Field survey units and mobile | Geological map, town

-If it came to the test the map-printing presses supplied special, beach maps for the On-the-scene American ab-riage. If the law of the country English Courts would probably that, for the first time in the long front line troops with up to the landing in Normandy showing | servers of our affairs abroad are into which she is marrying, so history of life insurance, the minute, information and gave gradients on the beaches, and saying the United States pub- to speak makes her a subject | might be in the position of not recrgnise it either. You standard policies provide, no cover RA Survey sections co-ordinates maps showing what kind oflic at home is failing to support of that country on marriage.heing a cingle woman-in part for the insured person in the event on which to base their surveys going might be expected in our representatives in their then she ceases to be British. of America, but married, desert- of death taking place during "or- for rug positions and targets. parts of the Western Desert tasks around the globe.

If it doesn't, she remains Bried and without remedy in this ganized hostilities." This is a dis. One map reproduction factory We have one of the best map One such envoy, home from a tish. quieting fact. During the first was built in the jungle of Cey- libraries in the world dating mission created by the White

Hosts of practical problems World War, the death toll in the lon after a afte had been cleared back to the Crimean War. House, put it this way:

difficulties of one sort and an arise. too. An Englishwoman British forces totalled nearly by usc. of clephants. In this "We have had a good deal of The American public needs ather, and many of our readers who writes to us, for example, 1,000,000, and all the insurance tropical monsoon climate 65 work from Ordinance Survey to cultivate a better world have been. baffled by a recent has married a Dutchman, a companies were seriously affect- men worked 12-hour shift with and at the start of the war viewpaint, Our foreign problems The law has been changed," splendid work in the war

announcement in the Press. first-slaes fellow who has done we absorbed many tradesmen have reached a place equal in maps and qualified surveyors from size and importance to our they say.

He gets a skilled engineering It has not yet been changed. jel in this country and they elvil trades. For civilian work dumestic ones and call for equal low cost and great accuracy are attention. Few persons in the True, an agreement has been off i Holland for a bit to United States ver realise that a reached between the British settle things up there. When diplomatic blunder abroad offers Government and the Dominions, they want to come back, it is greater threat to any Ameri- In which it is proposed to alter all plain salling for the wife,

Community than does the the set-up in the future.

but the husband cannot even present ship strike."

When this agreement has get into a vital job, when a Far-reaching changes in our been approved by Parliament, good firm badly needs him. governmental set-up are needed a British woman will always True he is here now on some- better to meet our increased be entitled to retain her nation-sort of air-monthly permit, but responsibilities abroad, sayality, no matter what the law he is afraid that he may be some returning emissaries. "of her husband's country. the victim of a prolonged eat-

Mysterious Formula

that the

.

BARCLAY ON BRIDGE

By Shepard Barclay "The Authority on Authorities"

SAFEGUARD A BIG PASS

including

those

can

ed. In spite of this, all standard shift to produce 8,000,000 policies issued prior to 1939 still

coloured impression [protected the insured

monthly. party. Jagainst death in war. The casual-

In the Western Desert one ties in World War were only one-third of those in World-War 1. Now, in spite of this decline. the insurance companies specifical ly except death in war from the cover provided in their policies. This is not because the insurance companies regard war as either imminent or inevitable. It is be

In this position, with a group of

They single out the State De- In the same way, a woman and-mouse game. cause of the uncertain factor in-

miscellaneous secondary honors,partment for suggested expan- of a foreign land, marrying a troduced by the atom bombs, The

some players like to apply a méasion, and overhaul In Its methods, British subject, will not au cannot begin to make any esti-

We know that, he can apply If your side's bidding is to be sure with the old 4-3-2-1 count, with numerous functions at Lomatically

become British for naturalisation. The Home mate as to how many people geared up for maximum results, ratteg an ace at 4, king 3, queen 2, present under the Department of She will have to wait her turn

Office has issued circulars and would be killed in World. Was the member of your pair sitting to fuck 1 and two tens of Oris Commerce and other government and apply for: British citizen- forms and a new and steady 111. The Sun Life Insurance the lett of an opening bid must basis, East had a total of 10 prac divisions brought under the ship. It is, in fact, a scrt of flow 22 applications for ad-

be prepared to make an occasional Hcally an average hand. Even State Department.

cancelling-out process Moré Company has worked out a pretty strong pass, especially if he had, say, the club Q instead of Present State Department Englishwomen will stay Eng being received. If you have mission to British citizenship is visional estimate that, even on the the opening bid is 1-No Trump. the K, he should have doubled. revisions and better pay for its lish. Fewer foreign-born women made during the war, or are basis of policies already issued, But, in order to safeguard him, it He could not have misled West, personnel are not enough, is will becime British. each atom bomb dropped on Lonis.up to his partner to be ready especially since he had passed on the view of one of these return- But this state of affairs is substantial contribution to the now in a position to make, a don would cost this one company for some kind of action-prefer- his first turn. He would not have ed travellers.

not here yet. It is, incidentally interests of this country, you alone £750,000. It is not un-ably a double if the opener's been acting on his own cards "The old State Department by no means certain that it will natural, in these circumstances, partner passes: Even A hand solely, but on the combined-hold-procedure abroad should be be entirely a change for there supposed to get priority.

But how priority is awarded. which changed to meet today's pro- better. It will create a huge, what mysterius formula is should not wish to add to their/des his speaking in that spot, North's pass told him West beld; blema, Eliminate red tape and hopeless crop of people with applied, le hidden-fa, the re-

insurance companies lightly below an average justi Ing.

when he can read that his part- South managed to take only archale customs." commitments. What does this ner probably has a pretty fair two tricks, with his aces, so was Another observer gave this are confusedly possessed Is A good many people seem to

no nationalities and others who cesses of the Home Office amount to? The view of insur-hand at least.

set live tricks to give East and illustration: "State Department two. ance companies is, plainly, that

West only 250 points. A double messages back and forth over For example; the countries connections are not without think that money and the right by East would have resulted in the world for the most part to which grant their own nation their influence. We can, at least 400 points if West properly passin code, requiring time and per- lity to an Englishwoman when answer for the existence of in- edit, or in a No Trump game plus connet for the coding, Most of she marries one of their citizens umerable, strong claims of one or two extra tricks It West these messages have no need to will still go on granting it. The useful brave, and social-spirited bid over the double-jumping to be coded and there isn't enough new wife will thus be English men who have Jong and use show his strength."

personnel abroad to keep up with in England and something else Ipasly awaited. I verdict the codings at the decoy in another country.

Even in comparatively sim- Vax. In one of our con- Or, & German womas marry-ple things this vexed issue yalates in southern Europe and ing an Englishman will lose her insists on arising. A woman saw the Censul's wife working own nationality and not neces- wrote to us the other day who, at night coding and decoding asrily gain British nationality 10years ago, married an meurogei" --Associated Press.

She may well be "stateless."

Italion in business in Manches- Sir John Boyd Orr, director

And after all, much is done

ter, 2 general of the United Nations nerable.)

already to temper the wind to Food and Agriculture organisa-North

the shori tand. While a British tion, said today food was Foss

woman, under our present law. He was the right sort of piling up in certain countries" West passed that on general, C. 19732-

may have Inst her birthrightalian, linnest and industrioust Lake Success, Nov. 10. to such an catent that danger principles of winning tactics and

Russia's views on the trustee status few difficulties are and there were children of of unmarketable surpluses North did likewise because there

which any family ricould be. |ship agreements" submitted - by

generally put in her way if she night develop art was no bid he could afford. When

Britain, France and other coun-ants to regain it, and her rond, Lo did not single out any East passed, however, he commit:

trica, will be presented tomorrow marriage la at an end.

He died some time back, and, since sha over-70s Andi nearly particular country but told re-ted virtually, a crime against the

by M. Novikov, Soviet Ambas-US. Divorces

destitule she coiled for the portera "unless the respective gume. North's inability to bid at

sidor to the United States, to As far as children are coming contributor cadre, pea- | Governments carry out all re-all over an opening: 1-No Trump nerable)

the United Nations Trustee, cerned, if they are born in the alm. Bat commendations made at the should have told East how weak: Playing for 8-Diamonds, South whip Committed. M. Novikov King's Dominions, they are m food crisis conference last May he was. Since South had been un- wins the spade Q lead in the dum- will be the first speaker in a the shortages may be as acute able to open with 2-No Trumps, it my, then leads the diamond debate which is expected to be next spring as they were last was a certainty West had quite e from the wrong hand. What the highlight of the day's UNO Spring Associated Press, in hand

should West now, dag.

activities, Reuter yan

war is not imminent; but that i'

is likely in the long run and, if it does come, that it will be incom narably and incomputably mores. A K destructive than anything" pre-11, A Q§.

General Managers for Malcolm & Co., Ltd. viously experienced.

Hongkong & Shanghai Banks Bldg., 4th Flour.

Engineers & Building Contractors

We are now in a position to undertake ANY TYPE OF CONSTRUCTIONAL WORK and also Building Repairs,

We shall be glad to tender for all types of House Repairs Work and offer you a quick job at econom

economical prices.

91144

FOOD PILING UP

London, Nov. 11.)

2

5, 4 3.3.

K. 8-7 6 2

TD. Q 8.6

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Tomorrow's Problem

Dealer North East-West vul-s, QJ 10

S. A K 7 4.2

H. 9,2

D. A 10 8.3 CA Q

Exat ТАЕВ

South 1 NT

4.3. West H. None D."6,4/2

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S. None \H KOʻJB6 D. QJ975 CK #5

(Dealer: North, East-West vul-

RUSSIA'S CASE

piekto

Pension Refused

British, and there is no further Brill Bub discusalca. The race of the before your applie parents, does not enter into it.

That is a catatement of the (Continued on Pagsa)