1946-09-13 — Page 2

THE CHINA, MAIL, FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 13, 1946.

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EUROPE

Paris, situated as it is at the. -- most beautiful part of Europe and at the crosàroads which lead to London, Lisbon, Rome and Vienna, has always attracted foreigners, and has always had foreign tolonies far more numerous than those of most European capitals. To the foreigner, Parls offers a wel- deeply satisfying como found nowhere else and u way of life any other great unrivalled in city.

Foreigners flock here for pleasure, they come to escape from intolerable political con- ditions in their own countries, they come to work, they come for culture.

.

BRITISH DEPENDENT

EMPIRE

In tropical Afrlen, people for both large and small. centuries wero lost in bar- bariam and made contact with the outside world only as the

Within the British Common- civilisation and a high degree an Immediate advance, there is culture are to be an African majority of wealth there are three main of Intellect and categorica of territories. The helping the people. In their & over the 16 official members Bolf-gov and unofficial European mern- first consists of Britain and the development towards

of ernment. Dominions

Under the new con- bers who at present serve on self-governing

These Canada, Australia, New Zealand stitution, the people through the legislative counell. and South Africa. The Domi- their elected representives, vir- developments will preserve a

between tho nieno, like Britain herself, aro tually becamp responsible for unbroken link

full for their their own internal administra-legislative council at the cent responsible in

affairs. tion.

tre and the native authorities, internal and external They appoint their own repro- sentatives in the capital cities of other countries; they impose their own tariffs; they raise their own armed forces.

In short, Britain and the

дго And very often, Dominans

Independent nations, cach with a part to play in world affairs. When the Dominions declared war on Nazi Germany in 1039 they did so by the free decision of their own parliaments, for Britain's entry into the war in no way committed them to action. To day they exerclee their right of free decision in the councils of the United Nations; voting oither in accordance Britain's policy er,

with if their particular

interests. Hle the other way, against it, yet al ways conscious of the mutual benefits of cooperation.

By RANDOLPH CHURCHILL

having come, they settle down for good and all, and bring up their children as good French

WHEN AND WHERE

•For some weeks past it has been clear that the Paris Conference would run on past the time, when the United Nations Assembly was due to begin its, meetings in New York. Three possibilities present- ed themselves: First, to adjourn the Paris Conference; secondly, to

or, finally, to allow both to run! on concurrently. The objections to adjourning the Peace Confer ence are obvious. Slow and un- satisfactory as its proceedings have been, there is

every reason

to men. press on now, rather than dis perse delegations, many of whom have come long distances, in the of reassembling uncertain hope them at a still uncertain date. No less strong are the objections to postponing the Assembly, which has already been put off from Sept. 3 to Sept. 23, and which is faced with a number of urgent practical problems, including its own budget. What is even more important is to make it clear to the peoples of the world, who still stake great hopes on a body in

arc

which all member-States can talk on an equality, that the Assembly is not some second-rate gathering to be told to kick its heels. There difficulties in the way of holding both the Assembly and the Conference at the same time. since the delegations sent by the smaller countries and even by the greater Powers are liable to overlap. Hence the proposal by the British and American repre- sentatives in Paris that a compre mise should be reached whereby the Assembly, might transact the minimum of essential business and

The largest foreign colony is Italian. They came from over- crowded Italy to seek work and. on the whole, their industrious character has won them a good | Hiving,

With their marcaron! shops, their ubiquitous ice cream (now, alas, a rarity), their early vegetables, and their charming. atmosphere of opern bouffe. they have added much to the colour and romance of Paris.

Then, there are the Greeka- many thousands of them. They deal principally in foodstuffs. But many of them have made fortunes as outstanding lawyers or financiers.

There are Jews long settled from Eastern here who came

and who

tend to Europe specialize in silken goods and Around Paris, too, jewelry. dwell many peasants from Eastern Europe who will under- take work thought too heavy by the French labourer.

There are Rumanians on the stage and Argentines in the night clubs. There are White Russians who drink and talk a lot, and nowadays sometimes Red Russians who drink but never speak at all. There are red-faced English businessmen

at

if she

The second category of Em- pire territories includes, for example, india, india can be- come Л Dominion chooses; or, if her people pre- fer it, she may become a nation outside the Empire, Ever since 1942 when Sir Stafford Cripps first went to India with pro- posule for her independence, the British Government and the Viceroy have been striving to bring about this independence in a manner compatible with the desires and aspirations of all Indian peoples.

The main obstacle in the way of all these negutiations has been the difficulty of reconcil- ing the ambitions and aims of India's two chief peoples, the Hindus and the Moslems-Only | if they cooperate with one an other can India establish her- self as a great power.

Newfoundland's Request

who work in banks and in-

ext companies, surance

In the same category an India drink nt Maxim's, and

the but each on a different footing Travellers Club,

are Newfoundland, Southern Rhodesin and Burma. New- foundland, once D Dominion experienced acute financial and economic difficulties and, at her

And before the war, there were Americans who stayed at the Ritz and Crillon and did their business while wives visit

then adjourn, while in the mean time the plenary sessions in Paris should be halted, and the Con- ference kept in being only by its 23174, 27811 Commissions. M. Vyshinsky has opposed either a pause in the plen- ary sessious in Paris or a limita tion of the United Nations As-ed sembly's agenda. The Russian pro- posal is that either the Assembly should be postponed once more, or that it should sit within easy reach of the Conference in Paris

Central Air Transport Corporation

Service for Passenger and Freight Safety and Speed

SCHEDULE

SHANGHAI -CANTON-HONGKONG

HONGKONG-CANTON-CHUNGKING-CANTON-HONGKONG

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BHANGHAI CANTON-HONGKONG

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HONGKONG--CANTON – KUNHING-CANTON-HONGKONG

HONGKONG-CANTON-SHANGHAI

arc few.

request, was relieved, tem-

the dressmakers, going laboriously from fitting to fil-porarily at least, of Dominion ting. Today the American colony is small and visitors from status. Southern Rhodesia, with a population part European, is across the Atlantic

in a different category in order But already a few pioneers have to provide special legislation for which, certainly next year, will be followed by many thousand more.

In British Guiana, the elect- ed members of the Ingislative council are now in a decisive Yet majority. There has been a slaves of other natione.

the here too progress is being made substantial reduction in towards

al- limitations on qualifications for self-government though the pace is slower than the franchise, though universal it is in Ceylon. On the intro- Buffrage has not yet been in- duction of a new constitution troduced. The franchlae quali- in March, 1946, the Gold Coast fications have also been reduced became the first British colony in Barbados and here, and also in Africa to secure a majority in Bermuda, women have been of elected-ns upposed to given the vote on equal terms

with men. nominated representatives on the legislative council, which is a law-making, tax-raising body. Prior to this date the Coun- cil, under the presidency of the governor, consisted of 15 of cial members and 14 unofficini members, of whom 10 were elected. Now, however, the off- cial members have been reduced

By

JOSEPHINE KAMM

to 6, the unofficial nominated members have also been reduces to 6, while the elected members have been increased from 10 to 18.

The

This change, which may avem small compared with the great stride towards self-government that Ceylon has taken, is yet of similar importance. legislative council of a colony, when, first set up, consists en- tirely of nominated members. An elected element is introduced only when the pe? ple have given evidence of their capacity

official

Jamaica, largest of the West- Indian inlanda, has proceeded a stage further on the road to self-government. In 1944 a new constitution

WAS introduced, for a two-chamber

providing legislature, an entirely elected House of Representatives and nominated legislative council with a strong unofficial majeri- ty. In addition, 5 of the 10 members of the executive coun-

cil, which initiates all laws, pre elected by the House of Repre sentatives from among its own members,

The other & are

pointed from the members of the legislative council. Five committees, cach under its own chairman, have been set up in the House of Representatives to deal with general purposes, agriculture, education, aocini welfare and communications,

Important Developments

In the dependencies of East Africa . well as in Malaya, Hong Kong, in Malta, in Fiji, in the Seychelles ond elsewhere for administration. Gradually, this elected element in the Colonial Empire, develop is increased until, first, it gainsments toward self-government are taking place. In each of a majority over the nominated them, the particular needs and unofficial, members and then, (as in the Gold Coast today), background of the peoples con-

cerned unofficial

over the nominated

are conditioning the and official members combined. Sarawak and British North

nature and pace of the advance. · On the executive council of the Borneo are to be the function Gold Coast, which the governor of a Governor-General who will, consults on all administrative matters, there are at present members, the African element both African and European having been introduced in 1942.

Regional Councils

dependency with African mem- In Nigeria another African

country (Malaya) their home-

however, possess no direct ad- ministrative functions.

"All those who have made the

land," states

Government White Paper on the Malayan Union, "should have the oppor- tunity of a duo share in the country's political and cultural

a

or preferably in Geneva. The ob. arrived to reblaze the old trail her, very large native Africanbers on the executive council institutions." Among these peo-

For particulare regarding services between all other cities plans are unchanged. To move

in China please apply at above office.

nt-

population.

ple are Indians, Arabs, Sinha- The lese as well as Chinese; creation of a common Malayan citizenship for the Malays and

for the others who were born there for some years is the in the country or have lived

foundation which the British Government offers for the initial advance towards self-

jections to postponing the Assem-

an iraportant constitutional de bly further have already been

Burma, which before the war velopment has also taken place stated. M. Trygve

enjoyed wide powers of self- Lic, the

within the past few months, The Artists

government, Secretary-General of the United

was left by the Regional councils, each with an However, the most important Japanese occupation in a state nofficial African majority, ara Nations, some weeks ago described of all the foreign colonies here of utter chaos. The British being introduced on the basis such a possibility as deplorable has always been the artists. Government realised that poli- of the natural divisions of the and he has now stated that the Paris has an irresistible tical development could be country. They will act a8_a traction for art students, and achieved only with returning constitutional link between the

economic the organisation at this late date it's astonishing how many not

and social stability. legislative council and the many government. "All communities to Geneva appears quite impracti- only study here but settle down Already, however, representa- native authorities (generally should be properly integrated cable. and the project is the and come to be accepted as tive institutions are being sot consisting of chiefs, and their into the life of Malaya," `de-

artists.

the up in order to prepare within councils) responsible in varyingclared the Under Secretary of Sisley more remarkable as coming from French

Van Gogh the a few years for the Dominion degrees for their own local State for the Colonies recently: M. Vyshinsky, since it was large- Englishman,

Dutchman.

the status which Burma has been administration. Modigliani ly the pressure of the Slav bloc Italian, Picasso the Spaniard promised. before and during the early all spent the greater part of The third group In the The regional councils will be months of this year which got it their artistic lives in Paris. British Empire comprises soma empowered to discuss proposed established away from Europe Formerly, the artistic colony 40 territories. They lie in the laws before they are submitted and in the United States. Russin, here consisted of shaggy West Indies, tropical Africa, to the legislative council, and it was said, retained bitter mem-romantic figures with unkempt the Far East, and areas of the ̊C-47 “DAKOTA” PRIVATE COMMERCIAL PLANE (orics of the Soviet's experience of bears, uncut hair, corduroy Pacific and the Mediterranean. African members in the legis-

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NAIL ENAMEL

that's all

also

"the future development of the country as a whole, should be the basis of action and policy. As to the future of Malaya, we desire to march forward to full to nominate unofficial responsible government in the way other territories of the Empire are moving,"

CARNIVAL

the old League at Geneva., Bur trousers and flowing ties. They Britain is directly responsible lative council. Finally, to secure the atmosphere of Security Coun- painted, according to the fashion for their welfare. Throughout territories, which are cil meetings in New York, with of the day, ample matrons, these

mysterious woodlands and care-known collectively as the the wide attention its proceedings ful seascapes. Nowadays, the British Colonial Empire, ad- received in the United States seems to have occasioned second thoughts.

• •

artists are much neater and tidler, and have an almost sporting look about them. At the moment, they tend to cover their canvases, with mountains

The report that it is intended backgrounds of seaweed.

vances towards, self-government are continually boing made.

In Caylon, an ancient Asiatic

ROYAL MARINES of seast ells superimposed in America for his "Momortes

on of Happy Days," which gave The attraction of Paris seems fascinating picture of a typical to form a Royal Marine Volunto be as strong for writers as American family transplanted to teer Reserve in the new Terri- for painters. And in the same Paris.

torial Army is proof that the way that the artists who settle Violet Trefusals, an English- spirit of innovation is not con. here paint in a French style, woman, is a daughter of the fined solely to the Army proper. foreign 'writers who settle here famous Edwardian hostess, Mrs. That this step is being taken is manage to write successful George Keppel. At the age of Three who 10, she was considered a back- in great measure due, no doubt, books in French.

and was sent to

to the magnificent achievements spring to mind and who have ward child of the 80,000 'hostilities only" written books of considerable Paris with her governess. From men who served in the Corps dur-mportance in the French lan- that day, mists seemed to clear guage are Julian Green, Violet she became terrifyingly preco ing the war. It could have been Trefussis and Princess Marthe clous, and soon was writing no easy task to expand to such Bibesco.

books in French, proportions what was a highly

Julian Green is an American Princesa Bibesco, whose trained Corps d'elite of 15,000 who was brought up in, France Rumanian home is one of thono with an intense unit pride. It and is completely bilingual, An fabulous Easter European cas- you need know about had justly earned itself a reputa- his earlier books were written In les pink palace lying be

tween mountains and lakeshan llyed all bor life. In France. And she has written, Allilfer Enovels in French, of which the most famous is "Catherine Parla" MEN

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them that the Corps has added East. When the fide tured they greatly to its already memorable formed, the spearhead of our at During the war, all these three traditions. In a war distinguished tack on the fortress of Eumpe.French writing foreigneray, like for the number of amphibious Many a part-time goldier whil no most of the rest of the Pariaind operationis, the Royal Marines doubt aspire to share in the life organ colominus » Ware found constant employment. In of what Mr. Churchill told Mar

the dark ream of withdrawal they fihal Stalin Diamontent of cane Donut par god fought desperate rearguard actions fidende at Yalta wis "the RIBARS thou In Fr Creto and the Farlent Corps in the world.??

red

By Dick Turner

EUREKA DETECTIVE

AGENCY

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