1940-11-12 — Page 6

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THE CHINA MAIL, NOVEMBER 12, 1940

YEAR OF AIR FIGHTING; FOUR STAGES

FOUR CLEARLY defined stages are distinguish able in the progress of the air war during the first year. First there was the period of partial activity which followed the declaration of war in September, second the Norwegian campaign, third the battle of France culminating in the Dunkirk evacuation, and fourth the battle of Britain.

...

FRANCOL GUNNER CHARGED

CHARGED WITH ABSENTING FLUMSELF FROM DUTY FOR SE- VERAL DAYS; 32-YEAR-OLD ERNEST BASIL SCHOFIELD, DESCRIBED AS A SEAMAN- GUNNER OF THE R.F.A. "FRANCOL" WAS ORDERED TO RETURN TO HIS SHIP BY COM- MANDER J. JOLLY, DEPUTY MARINE COURT THIS MORN- ING.

HARBOURMASTER IN THE

Schofield was alleged to have absented himself since October 30, He pleaded guilty! :

"The partial activity of the early months was concerned almost entirely with attacks by the enemy ptain J. Leach, stated that

The master of the Francol?"

derendarft was appointed by the naval authorities for gunnery,

The duty on board the vessel, authorities were consulted and his

on our shipping and with leaflet dropping and re- connaissance flights by ourselves. There was, at the outset, the raid on German warships at Bruns- buttel, but apart from that there was no large-scale instructions were that defendant bombing.

It was not until after Russo-Finnish campaign cnded with the signing of peace treaty on March 13 air power began to show

tre.

was to be charged in a civil court and treated as an ordinary mer-

the, raids, but no sustained and heavychant seaman. had bombardment from the air. After the August 8 the German air at- Commander J. Jolly: "You don't that lacks increased daily in violence refuse to return to your ship, do

its and in the numbers of aircraft. you?"

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Norway

On Thursday, August 15, some Defendant: "As a matter of fact, 1,000 aircraft were hurled against. I wish to be discharged.", Britain. Royal Air Force fighters

on this occasion obtained their Commander Jolly, "I'm afraid The first instance was dram greatest success and fought the I can't do that. If i make an or atic enough. The campaign in biggest and most notable aerial das for you to return to the ship Norway began ‚on' April 9. battle in history. They, and will you do so?"—"Yes, sir."

Throughout, from the landing the ground defonces, brought of parachute troops by the Ger- down 180 enemy aircraft with a mans and the reinforcement of loss 'to themselves of 34 aircraft, units that, had landed at Nor-17 of whose pilots were saved. wegian ports by means of

air

No more decisive defeat had transport, the dominating in- ever been inflicted on the Ger fluence of air power was made

man or any other air force. manifest.

our

Britain suffered the dis- advantage of having no alr bases in Norway. When troops. found it impossible to move without being heavily bombarded from the air, a late attempt. wąs made to 65cure, an air base for short range fightera.

MEN GO

The immediate result was TO BED

a

FIRST

An official explained:

"The

day, when most women can make up

for their lost sleep. during the night."

cessation of mass attacks and a week of tuli. It was suc- ceeded by a resumption of the mass attacks and again the Royal Air, Force won many victorics. The end of August "Gentlemen first" is the motto saw the Germans turning more of Stoke Newington authorities, and more to hight attacks. who are considering equipping Meanwhile from the time when air raid shelters with sleeping A squadron of Gloster Gladia- the invasion of, the Low Coun- accommodation.. tor biplane.fighters. was sent out tries had taken place the bomb- Jún an aircraft carrier, and iting aeroplanes of the Royal Air ! sought to establish itself an a Force had regularly. attacked frozen lake. In spite of heroic military targe's in Germany. Al- attempts by the pilots, the at most every night these targets tempt Tailed.

were bombed. The Coastal Com- Low mand also, took part in marly May 10. bombing operations, and it con- The Germans had used parachute centrated a great part of its at- troops in Norway-and the Rus- tention on attacking enemy sub- The official continued: "The sians had used them in Finland marines and on escorting British; prolonged night raids has made before that-but their value had convoys.

in necessary for us to provide not been demonstrated until they The first year of the air war sche accommodation for the were used in the Netherlands. showed a progressive-change babies. They were dropped on aero- frem air work mainly concern- dromes at the nioment whened with cooperation with the ground troops were advancing Army, such as that in Norway their arms all night, so we have upon them, with the result that and the Low Countries, to in derisid a sort of nest where the a "sandwich" was formed be-dependent air work such as be-abies will sleep in tiers and they tween the advancing troops ongan "with the big dir raids one side and the parachute troops Britain in August.

The

invasion of the Countries began on

on the other, the Dutch troops. being in between.

Battle Of France

In the battle of France the German dive bombers were pro- minent. The Junkers 87 type was thrown into the battle in vast quantities, usually with the ob- ject of preparing the way. for tank advances. The Royal Air Force was called upon to coun- ter the dive bombers and to at-j tuck enemy communications,

Bunks for babies are also to, be provided."

YAS

"Mothers.cannot nurse them in

will not take up. much door space."

QUESTION ON BRITISH WAR

GRAVES ANSWERED

WHAT IS THE STATE of the cemeteries and memorials to the Empire's million 1914-1918 dead? with This question was answered, in part, by Sir Fabian Ware. Chairman of the Imperial War Graves Commission in a broadcast yesterday.

It did these duties with great herolam and with a good deali of succe33. But its size was not great enough, even the help of the Armee de PAir, to check the German ad- vancé. So far both the Ger

man, and the British air forces had been mainly tied to the armies in the field.

Not Beyond Repair

"In all parts of the world morials we are told Menin Gate save two," said Sir Fabian Ware, is battered but standing. The The beginning of an alteration "our work is proceeding nor-Canadian Memorial at Vimy is occurred after, the Belgian capi mally. The exceptions are Oc-apparently undamaged. lulation on May 28. After this cupied France and Flanders, the British Expeditionary Force where three-quarters of the Em with some French troops, were pire's dead are commemorated, hemmed in in Northern France. There work has stopped.

La Fertes, memorial, commem- and during their evacuation the

oraling the Mons Retreat and re- Royal Air Force' succeeded in Some-á few-memorials may protecting them from overwhelm we have accurate surveys which Villers-Bretonneux is damaged

have been obliterated. If so, turn of 1914, is untouched.

The Australian, Memoriál, at ing air attack. The last troops will enable them to be recon- were evacuated from Dunkirk op

|but still firmly tract with shell the night of June 3-4, and at structed in detail.

holes piercing the panels which the same date Paris was heavily. "Others we know have been bear names of 11,000 Australian bombed for the first time.

damaged, the handstones batter- | missing.

}

It was a signal that the. Gere ed by múchine-gun fire, the great In short, there; ls reason to be- mans were preparing their · ad-cross of sacrifçe chipped and flieve that, no damago in Franco- vance on the city. And on June gashed, but still standing firm, or Belgium is beyond repait, “That' 14 Paris fell, and with it some corrying its scars of war.

repair will be carried out, be-

of the important French nero- "Most of them are undamaged use by the irony of fate the engine factories. After that events but neglected, overgrown with endowment fund ensuring war. moved rapidly to the capitulo weeds, the lawns unkept, flower, manent maintenance of our reme- tion of France. The Royal Airbeds tangled and disordered. In teries, and the memorials of the Force during this time strove some, wooden crosses, mark the last war was, completed just s incessantly to hamper the Ger-graves of the New BEF. — In the British Expeditionary. Forco | man advance......

others, in the foremost rows, was retiring from France in this stand stout wooden crosses sucWor mounted by Germun helinets I was then that this provision". On August B. the heavy raids where our enemies, have been was finally made for carrying on British on Great Britain began. There, buried.

ur work perman Wireless. had been many previous minor

Mass Raids

ne- Of the great inissing"