1940-09-28 — Page 7

THE CHINA MAIL, SEPTEMBER 28, 1940

CHINA MAIL

WINDSOR KOUSE.

A GENTLEMEN'S CAMPAIGN

In Sweden a national election has just been completed with an out- right victory for the Social Democrats. Under normal circumstances this would ..have been a contest for

both executive and legis- ¡lative control. But under ?

the stress of war Sweden formed last December a "National Union" Govern- ment, which has since directed the country's affairs. In this Union all four of the important parties are represented, the Conservatives, the Liberals, the Farmers, and the Labour Uniori Social- Democrats.

"And, before the election, it was decided that no matter what the verdict of the voters, the National Union must be maintain- ed as long as the exterior danger remains. At first some of the minority party leaders said that under such circumstances an election would be super- fluous. Then they decided otherwise.

First, the Constitution| said that an election should be held and this was no time for a demo- cracy to disregard a con- stitution. Second, certain constitutional changes

after an election. Third, in a democracy a legisla- ture and government gain --new moral authority from an election. Conversely, an unauthorised post- `ponement would savour

of usurpation.

EWARE

BLACK HAND

The

!PLAN

FOR THE CONQUEST

OF AFRICA

AFRICAN CAMPAIGN

Depos

UP THE CAMORRA

AZIANI:

SLIGHTLY MORE DIFFICULT THIS TIME, O CESAR. THE VICTIM HASN'T GOT HIS -BACK TURNED ..

(Copyright in All Countries.)

Scientist's Work Peace

In War & For

could not take effect until Sir Richard Gregory, the eminent Even if it be conceded that use and cannot easily recognise any It recognises no right to live ex- scientist, and well-known as the of the fighting instinct of man other. When, however, the deli- cept by might; destroys' the weak; Editor of "Nature" for so many has. promoted the strength of his, berate policy of a State is to im- has no sympathy with suffering, years, has gathered together body and disciplined his mind, or pose its system by force upon and no sense of the highest hu- some of his writing and lectures that it encourages supreme self-people who wish to be free and man values. In the 'struggle for in "Religion In Science and sacrifice in support of high ideals, have entirely different ideals, all existence man has survived be- Civilisation" (Macmillan, 12s. the destruction of life in anger believers in liberty of conscience cause his physical structure and sd). In his chapter on the Cul-must degrade rather than pro-and in the principles of natural intelligence have enabled him in-. tural Aspects of War" Sir Rich-mote whatever is divine in human cultural development should range dividually and in communities to ard stresses that "the spiritual nature. The spiritual evolution of themselves against such aggres master the things which would evolution of man has not pro-man, as represented by all that is sion.

destroy him. ceeded in its upward course best in civilisation throughout the through war but in spite of it."ages, and as 'inspired by the most "Judged by its policy and The virtues which should He says:-

exalted religious and ethical tea-actions, the ideals of Nazi Social-prized most to-day, if civilisation chers, has not proceeded in itsjism--apart altogether from the is to mean the evolution of social- The election · campaign

The trend-of-cultural achieve-upward course through war but political aims represent a rever-ethics to a noble plane, and re- was therefore carried in ment in the advancement of man-in spite of it; and it is in belief sion to degrading primitive ingard for spiritual values, love of Sweden, but not a regula-kind has been to operate through in its further development that stincts; and if ever they should truth and beauty, righteousness, larger and larger unitics tribe, hope may be found for the future.prevail, the best characteristics of justice and mercy, sympathy with tion one. All personalities people, nation, confederacy, eli-

modern civilisation would be des- the oppressed, and belief in the were barred, all charges mating war and the struggle for It is now generally understood troyed and human life becoine brotherhood of man. Any nation existence as a physical fact and that modern warfare is an affair subject to the law. of the jungle', of mismanagement, all in- relying more and ·mbre on the of nations, and not of military nuendo, all false issues, or struggle for existence as between forces only-whether on land, sea

red herrings," all jockey-|

ideas.

for in the air. The direct""effects of conflict of arms between nations In other words, in our nöderni can, therefore, no longer be con-

ing for n newspaper head- civilisation, ideally speaking, it is fined to the combatant services

lines, all election posters, no longe the force of arms which

Clubs And Arrows To

all mechanical loud speak-example, the British Common-technical nature of modern war-

binds these unities together, "for Having regard to the highly Poison Gas

*

be

or people which separates itself from the rest of the world in the name of race or religion, and culti- vates ideals of conquest by force in order to assert its claims is not assisting human evolution, but re- tarding It.

|Cannot÷Be‹Divorced›

ers, all propaganda films. wealth of Nations; but the strength fare, with its manifold contacts In his final chapter on Science with, and dependence upon, geo- and Social Ethics Sir Richard Political radio speeches of an ideal or a principle..

graphical and meteorological Gregory says:— were already taboo, ex-At present the idea of democracy knowledge, engineering, chemis-

“Modern warfare makes no dis- is struggling against that of auto try and chemical industry, medi- cept a closing, round robin

cracy or totalitarianism Unfor-cal science, psychology; and so on, tinction between the destruction From"Ethics debaté.

tunately, totalitarianism is wedd-it is obvious that men of science of masterpieces of architecture and ed to the reactionary Idea of na-are closely concerned in the con- ammunition dumps; and barbarous Only respectful, cour-tionality, which checks the adstruction of an adequate policy or aerial bombing of any centre of The view that the sole function teous, educational discus-vance towards the larger unitles national defence as yell as the life or of beauty seems to be ac- of science is the discovery and in which mankind will be united formation of an adequate struc- cepted as a means of offensive study of natural facts and prin- sions, of "the different and in which war will be elieture of peace. They have an im-action by nations which claim to ciples without regard to the social party programmes and minated. In so far as the idea of portant part to play, both pro-be civilised. Instead of science implications of the knowledge

war as a pruning-hook lends fessionally and as citizens. Ideologies before small support to national theory, it is audiences w

were permitted, reactionary and irrelevant to the

true ideal of human progress. thanks to an agreement among the party leaders who meet weekly face to

face with the King to dis-A Catastrophe

Scientists And Aggression

having to save modern civilisations gained, cannot rightly be maintain- from being overwhelmed by bared.. It is being widely realised that barous hordes, it seems to have science cannot be divorced from provided the means of self-des-ethics or rightly absolve itself Itruction.

from the human responsibilities in the application of its discoveries Though the standard of human to destructive purposes in war or. values, have been raised, man has economic disturbances, in times of advanced.so little in his regard for pence.

The association of science with them that he is just as much a (cuss neutrality, food sup-

cannot rightly war and the prostitution of scien- barbarian in his, use of aeria]} Men of science ply, employment, export It is wrong, because it ignores tifte effort to war purposes cannot bombs, and poison gas as he was stand aside from the social and ormisinterprets certain very es-be condemned too strongly, yet few when his weapons were only clubs political questions involved in the problems and national de-sential facts, of which the chief scientific workers would wish to and arrows,

structure which has been built up. fence.

ls that beyond;a certain phase the avoid participating in adequate

from the materials provided by struggle for existence ceases to be and effective methods of national Such prostitution of the rich them, and which their discoveries But why couldn't every a physical struggle and becomes drience; or to fail in their service gifts with which modern science may be used to destroy. -election be conducted on a conflict of ideas; that is, sure to the high humanistic ideals for has endowed the human race must

¡vivalvis cultural. By this comes whith "science stands... Every he condemned by all who see," in It is their duty to assist in the these lines? Why ballyhoo about the growth of civilisation, nation vhus the right to decide the general feelings of civilised establishment of a rational and, and mechanical rever- In this growth war is a catastro-undn its own form of government people-to-day, incipient stages in harmonious social order, out of the phe comparable to a great earth-democratic or autocratic just asilic development of characteristics,welier of human conflict into berations in any country? quake or other convulsion of Nat it must be deft free to follow its which distinguish man from other which the world has been thrown "An election is a time to ure, but only incidental to the own religious ideals.

Uving creatures. The law of the through the release of uncontrolled; development which is continually Each country has its own stand-| junglo is that of the bottle to the sources of industrial production think and not to shout. going on in all forms of life. lards of ethical and sbelal valuds, strong and the race to the swift. land of lethal weapons.