1939-01-03 — Page 10

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THE CHINA MAIL, JANUARY 8, 1939

The China Mäil

Ninety-Third Year of Fublication 8A Wyndham Street, Hong Kong.

Telephone 20022

London Office':

Notice To Contributors.

All communications intended for publication should be addressed to the Editor, and be accompanied by

"

Foreign policy and defence proved a thorny problem. It was agreed that each Dominion must remain, in the last resort, the sole - judge of what it would do in the event of war. It was also gen- erally recognised that in the event of a world crisis, involving any

7, Garrick Street, London, W.C.2. such issue as democracy versus dictatorship, or the principle of law as against the lawless vio- lence of the jungle, the Common- wealth would act together, as it did in 1914 and as it probably would have done had the Czecho- slovakian crisis ended in war. But there were also many difficulties to be solved. India, for instance, while. horrified at Japan's unpro- voked attack on China, would rally to Japan's side if the wes- tern powers endeavoured to des- troy or circumscribe its future or do more than assist China to in- dependence. There one saw loom- ing the vast issue of Asia's re- volt against the white domination

the Writer's Name and Address, not necessarily for insertion but as a guarantee of good faith..

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Hong Kong, Tuesday, January 3, 1989, of the world, which underlies all

ENGLAND AND

EMPIRE

..

the long-distance problems of the Pacific.

Again, there was much ten- dency at first to criticise the con-

The conference of unofficial re-duct of foreign policy by the Bri- presentatives from all the major tish Government in recent years parts of the British Common-on the ground that it had “let wealth in Sydney, Australia, în down the League" by its feeble- September was overshadowed, in ness, if not because of its sup- the public thought, by the inter-posed sympathy with Fascism as national crisis over Czecho- against Communism. To which it slovakia. But its deliberations was vigorously retorted that, so were not seriously affected by the long as nations insist on retain- crisis; indeed they were given eign policy can succeed unless it ing their own sovereignty, no for- an unusual realism by reason of has a superiority of armed force lit.

behind it and that the "retreats"

The conference consisted of re- of the League in the Far East presentatives of all political par- fundamentally due, partly to re- and Abyssinia and later have been ties and of experts in defence, lative disarmament by the de- economics and foreign affairs mocracies and their military un- from each of the main constituent preparedness as compared with

were

units of the British Common- the great re-armed discontented wealth, Great Britain, Canada, ingness of any nation to take col- powers, and partly to the unwil- Australia, South Africa, New lective action, involving the risk Zealand, and India. But it con-of war, unless its own vital inter- tained no representatives of any ests were involved. of the Governments, for its pur-to whether it was possible to ar- There was much discussion as

pose was not to decide upon rive at an agreed foreign policy policy, but to ascertain and weigh by a process of consultation. But the various policies which exist it was clear that events would within the Empire as to its pur-that the risk and responsibilies often not wait upon consultation, pose, future, organisation for taken by Great Britain and the, the information of policy and for Dominions and as between the defence, both political and econo-Dominions and also India, were mic. For those who were fortun- widely divergent, and that some ate enough to attend it the dis- consulted, in order to be able to Dominions preferred not to be cussions

extraordinarily retain a free hand without com- illuminating and suggestive.

mitments when a crisis arose.

In conclusion, two other points In some respects there was the emerged. The first was that the widest divergence of view. But British Commonwealth could not with all this diversity there was be an end in itself. Its ultimate also a surprising · amount of purpose must be to help towards a better world order based on agreement. In the sphere of peace and justice, partly perhaps economics, for instance, there by example, but more by playing was a fairly general agree an active part in world move- ment that the Ottawa trea- ments having that aim in view. ties may have been a necessary The second was that it became measure of protection against the clear that the real security for depression of 1931, but that the democracy and free institutions paramount need to-day was for to-day lay in a parallel policy by the relaxation of the barriers to the British Commonwealth and international trade generally and the United States. Whatever that the exclusive character of might happen in Central Europe those treaties ought to be relaxed or Asia, the nations protected by as part of a general movement to the Monroe Doctrine and the Bri- remove the internal tensions mak-tish Commonwealth were safe ing for Fascist or Communist from direct attack so long as the dictatorship and war which ex-navel and air forces of these two treme" economic nationalism has institutions controlled the outer caused.

"oceans of the world.

*