1938-11-23 — Page 21

THE CHINA MAIL, NOVEMBER 29, 1938.

Background Of Tragedy,

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Of

many could be contented with the wellknown statement that Austria was a German State and that she could not associate herself with any action directed against Germany.

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(Continued from Page 15) President Benes first spoke of the question of the Germans of Bohemia, He said that in this question he would not yield to external pres sure. He was earnestly desirous of

Finally, the President pointed out removing any cause of conflict at an that he had always maintained and early date. He had just received would continue to maintain that a letter from Conrad Henlein. in Austria could live on her own re-sang, Raq, Wong Chun Son, Regir: Kan Ying, Po,

Long, Esq., Chan Ching Bhak, Eng., which the latter requested the Pre-sources. Events had happily con- and Fung Ping Wah, Esq. sident to give up the idea of a Czech |firmed this opinion. This authorised National State and to adopt. that of the world to maintain Austrian in- a State of Nationalities. He did not dependence and to persever in this propose to reply, to this letter. attitude. In this field he was op- Henlein appeared to have forgotten posed to a conception based on the that Benes had never described methods of 1866, that is, the ten- Czechoslovakia, in public or else-dency to play up Vienna against where, as a National State. This Berlin. He was sincerely convinced discussion had been raised by Kra- that it would be possible to organise mars (first president of the Council unity in Central Europe, in the of the Czechoslovak State), who had same way as, for instance, the

·wished to introduce the notions of Scandinavian States, whilst main- a National State and of a national taining friendly relations with language into the constitution.

Germany. He did not, therefore, give business transacted, Loang granted on approved || ABANGKOK that moment (1919), he had hastily up all hope of an improvement of returned from Paris and had put the European situation. an end to this movement.. Further,

This optimistic conclusion formed he was an old specialist of economie the final phrase of the report of the and political

al affairs; he has passed Austrian representative in Prague. his doctor on these questions. The In these statements of the Presi-

of autonomy which the dent

of Czechoslovakia, Schus- Henlein party was trying to cast chnigg discovered opinions similar into the balance was unknown to to those which he had always ex- him; he did not believe that anyone pressed in his conversations with the could define this idea as regards President of the Council of the Pra- the common existence of the peoples gue Government, Mr. Hodza. The idea of Czechoslovakia.

of a Danubian federation similar The President then spoke of the to that virtually constituted between Slovak question: "I did not sign the Scandinavian States, who lived the treaty of Pittsburgh, he said. in friendly and normal relations. No one could bring this up against with their great German neighbour, According to him, it had represented that which he regarded been a mistake on the part of Mag-as possible and desirable. He aryk. But he had considered his was, however, more sceptical than duty, in this as on other matters, Benes as to the possibility of en- to support Masaryk as he had al-tertaining neighbourly relations with ways done.

Hitlerian Germany.

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The President then changed the For he himself had done all that subject and began to speak of the was humanly possible, going so far horrors of war. If he had known, as to renounce his own ideas, not to before 1914 that Czechoslovakia | destroy this possibility.

The peace could only achieve independence by a mission of Austria and her respo1- Local Currency, STERLING & U.S. DOLLARS world war, he would have willingly sibility to Europe appeared to him given up this idea, and would have to be beyond discussion, so deeply contented himself with political he felt this. liberty for his people in the frame- alarm the accumulation of future garian a conversation which

He envisaged with work of the dual monarchy, He difficulties. But his conscience was overheard and immediately had always had a definite horror of at rest, for he had done his duty to|municated to an Austriani abroad. war. He thought it incredible that his country and to Europe and had a responsible statesman could de-not lost sight of the world's vital follows:

The general expressed himself as liberately contemplate the possible of provoking a war.

He then defined the general lines of the Czechoslovak policy with re- gard to Germany and Austria, as follows:

1. Czechoslovakia is, to-day as yesterday, ready to collaborate in any way; there is no further ob- stacle and the public opinion of his country had remained constant in this respect.

2. Austria and Hungary should have the courage of their opinions and sufficient resolution to say: "We wish for this and that, we can do. and we shall do: this or that," They must, however, at the psycho- logical moment, be ready to resist any foreign pressure.

8. The President could undertake no action that their great neigh- bour, Germany, might consider to be directed against herself. What- ever happened, he wished to remain loyal and honest towards Germany.

This is why he often spoke with great loyalty of Czechoslovakia's at- titude concerning the Austrian question. He constantly repeated to the German minister in Prague that Czechoslovakia, for economic and ..political reasons, could not be other- wise than opposed to the Anschluss; that it was für better for Czecho- slovakia to have a free and indepen-| dent neighbour on her southern frontier. This might possibly be re- garded as selfish, but this attitude conformed to the wish of Austria and also to that of Europe. Ger-

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"Now that we have Austria, we On Monday, March 18th, 1938, al- shall go on and take Czechoslovakiators most at the moment when Hitler this same year. The operation will proclaimed the annexation of Aus- come off in September or October." tria, one of the foremost generals (World copyright-1938) of the occupying army had, in a (Reproduction, even in part, Vienna restaurant, with a

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